专题13 动词不定式（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式全用法，以“基础-重难-真题”三级进阶构建训练体系，融合语境化考查与文化情境，系统提升语言应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|38单句+3语篇|按考向分类（作宾补/状语等8类），单句聚焦基础用法|从基本句法功能（主/宾/定/状）到特殊形式（被动/完成/进行式），构建“功能-形式”认知链| |重难·创新演练|15变式+5语篇|结合环保/AI等新情境，语篇综合考查|在文化语境（如非遗/机器人厨师）中深化用法迁移，体现“情境-应用”逻辑| |真题·实战演练|19高考题|覆盖近5年高频考点（作状语/定语等）|通过真题验证考点分布，强化“考向-解题”对应，提升应试思维品质|

专题13 动词不定式 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：不定式作定语，不定式作状语，不定式作宾语及宾补，不定式作主语和表语，不定式是完成式，不定式的被动式，不定式的进行式，不定式的特殊结构 一、单句语法填空 考向01 不定式作宾补 1.（2026·江苏苏州市七校联考模拟预测） "Through each careful stroke and polish," he adds, "we are enabling history (breathe) again." 2.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the book’s publisher and editor- in- chief of China Daily, notes that the stories “ignite (点燃) goodwill” for a harmonious world, and “encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly, (picture) a brighter future.” 3.（2026·山东济宁市一模）The pickle-shop self-esteem keeps motivating me (excel) in college — two major club involvements and a perfect 4.0 GPA． 4．(2026·重庆市调研)If we want our future generations ________ (enjoy) tea, we have to make sure the ecology of the plants is preserved and maintained. 5．(2026·江西省南康中学大考)Among them, Chinese artist Yannesi Siu, the first Chinese artist invited individually ________ (participate) in Vivid Sydney's official program attracted attention with two works that combine ancient mythology with cutting­edge technology. 6．(2026·贵州省遵义市第四中学模拟)The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors ________ (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 7．(2026·广西河池高级中学月考)With permission from local authorities, she visited schools worldwide, where she urged young people ________ (take) immediate action. 考向02 不定式作状语 8.（2026·广东广州市天河区二模）Businessmen and messengers needed the guanzhao issued by local authorities (pass) through checkpoints along the route. 9.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy (ignore). 10.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates how enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am ( serve) diverse schedules. 11．(2026·湖北省十堰市云学名校联盟月考)These lanterns in the shape of lotus flowers are set to flow in rivers ________ (honor) the spirits and guide them in the afterlife. 12.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The most valuable tulips had lines of color like fires. Rich businessmen collected them (show) off. 13．(2026·辽宁省鞍山市部分学校一模)Lucy said she feels very fortunate ________ (come) to China and to have settled in Xi'an. 14．(2026·天津市南开大学附属中学检测)It is amazing that some old and outdated teaching and learning facilities in our classroom have been updated ________ (make)us study more effectively and efficiently. 15．(2026·河北省衡水市冀州中学月考)Last August, Shen took to the Internet ________ (publicize) his decade­long reform efforts. 16.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校摸底）Her lover, Ahei, made every effort (save) her. 17.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三零诊）Anyone who cannot bear the smell of the kitchen is unable (put) up with the work of compilation. 18.（2026·内蒙古部分学校教学质量检测） (tackle) these challenges, the publishing industry must shift from merely producing content to becoming creators of a knowledge service ecosystem. 考向03 不定式作宾语 19.（2026·河北省石家庄正定中学开学）I enjoyed being taken around as Stephanie pointed out this or that building, place or monument and explained to me the bargaining process in the markets and showed me where (eat) a full meal for only a few dollars. 20．(2026·广东省佛山桂华中学段考)Appreciating such art teaches us how ________ (find) beauty in simplicity. 考向04 不定式作定语 21．(2026·安徽省合肥市第八中学月考)Whether you're looking for a fun challenge or a way ________ (improve) cognitive function, Tangram is an excellent game to play. 22．(2026·辽宁省大连市第二十四中学检测)International media widely covered the event, which was a clear indication that China has the ability and determination ________ (safeguard) national sovereignty (主权) and world peace. 考向05 不定式作主语 23.（2026·内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市一模）It took me about an hour (wander) through the stone streets lined with wooden houses. Attracted by the peaceful rivers and ancient bridges, I stopped often to take photos. 24.（2026·河南省部分学校高三调研）An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time for different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is essential (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 25.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学开学）It is possible   (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 26.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学开学）He said it is essential (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 考向05 不定式作表语 27.（2026届山东临沂市一模）The festival is not merely an endpoint but rather a starting point for sustained development, the target of which is (continue) building and strengthening the cultural brand, thereby further integrating artistic beauty with public spaces to significantly boost urban cultural vitality, enhance commercial experiences, and ultimately foster the mutual growth of culture and commerce. 28．The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 29．The aim of this investigation is (bring) the truth to light, which is an uplifting notice for the public. 30．Don’t always blame your failure on others, sometimes you yourself are (blame). 考向06 不定式的特殊结构 31．The two prisoners are said (escape), and the police are searching for them. 32．She was extremely disappointed that the precious painting she had been looking forward to seeing was said (steal) before the exhibition opened. 33．A major accident in southern Sweden happened today. It’s reported that this afternoon a ship crashed into a bridge. Unluckily, seven cars and six trucks are said (fall) into the water. 34．The naughty boy pretended (read) when the headmaster came into the classroom. 35．The boy pretended (concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering. 36．The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream (admit) to my favorite university will come true. 37．Henry can’t attend the party (hold) at Tom’s house tomorrow because he has a presentation to prepare. 38．She wanted her hand-painted environmental posters (notice) by more students, so she put them up in the hallway. 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·内蒙古鄂尔多斯市一模） A pair of photographs taken by satellites show a massive array (阵列) of solar panels spreading across the desert of Inner Mongolia. At 250 miles long and 3 miles wide, the Kubuqi Desert solar array will be the world’s largest by a country mile when 1 (finish) in 2030. There are already over 3 million solar panels 2 (shine) along an area of mostly lifeless sand. The Kubuqi’s sunny weather, flat landscape, and closeness 3 industrial centers make it a favorable location for solar power generation. Panels are being laid out in a long, narrow band of dunes (沙丘) just south of the Yellow River between the cities of Baotou and Bayannur. A divided screen image shows 4 amazing progress made over the years, including a huge image of a running horse 5 holds the Guinness World Record for the largest image made out of solar panels. It 6 (call) the Junma Solar Power Station in Chinese, and it now generates enough electricity 7 (power) 400,000 homes. Authorities believe the solar sea could power all of Beijing in the future. The solar panels help keep the sand dunes from moving and covering nearby fields. The shade keeps the sand cooler and lets water stay in it for 8 (long), giving tough plants a chance to establish 9 (they) in the area. Locals are beginning to grow plants under the solar panels and are having 10 (succeed) with the exercise. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·山东省实验中学学情检测） In a martial arts club in Yaounde’s Mimboman neighborhood, the steady beat of feet and sharp shouts fill the room as 1 (score) of students mirror the fluent, forceful movements of their instructor, Martin Mangwandjo. Beneath the bright sun, the 29-year-old moves with confidence and ease, 2 relying on walking sticks due to a congenital (先天性的) disease. Over the years, for him, Chinese martial arts 3 (be) more than a physical practice. Martin’s passion began in childhood, sparked by 4 unexpected encounter with Chinese culture through martial arts films 5 (feature) legends like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan. Through persistence and self-training, his confidence grew. His journey took a 6 (decide) turn during a performance in which with his skill and determination, he 7 (impress) a visiting Chinese martial arts master Xiao who offered to train him personally and taught him many aspects of Chinese culture like traditional Chinese medicine, kung fu, and tai chi. Over time, Martin’s understanding of martial arts deepened. “I found in martial arts a certain power, a certain physical strength I could employ 8 (defend) myself in any dangerous situation,” he said. “I also felt a sense of fulfillment with the understanding 9 we all remain the same even if we may be born with certain physical limitations.” More than a practitioner, Martin now sees himself as a “cultural ambassador”. “My wish is to see many Africans and Cameroonians, even those with disabilities like myself, take an interest in Chinese culture and Chinese martial arts in particular, 10 I have found a source of moral strength that enabled me to overcome any situation or difficulty in life,” he said. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·陕西商洛市一模） On January 5, 2024, a small Chinese company called DeepSeek released a new AI system that could answer questions, solve logic problems and write computer programs as 1 (capable) as AI models from leading AI companies like OpenAI and Meta. That alone would have been a milestone. But the team behind the system, called DeepSeek-V3, described 2 even bigger step in a research paper: Only about $6 million are used 3 (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old. “But the 4 (big) decision is to make the code open-source and it will benefit consumers and transform society,” said Chris Nicholson, an investor 5 focuses on AI technologies. “For AI to transform society and benefit consumers, 6 needs to be cheap and out of the control of any country or company.” Since OpenAI released its ChatGPT in 2022, many experts and investors had concluded that no company could compete with leading American AI companies since the widely 7 (accept) wisdom was that they are among the richest companies in the world and that they could stay ahead in the AI sector by spending billions of dollars on 8 (create) advanced chips and building out huge data centers (despite the environmental cost). Now, the wisdom has been called into question. DeepSeek shows how competition and 9 (innovate) will make AI cheaper and therefore more useful. DeepSeek’s engineers said they needed only about 2,000 specialized computer chips from Nvidia. It is just one 10 (ten) of the computing power used by Meta’s Llama 3.1 model. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:文化旅游(T1) 展现中国文化(T2);建筑师刘家琨(T3);歌剧《乡村骑士》(T4)；机器人厨师(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·环境保护】(2026·河北衡水二中检测)The goal is ________ (engage) more people in environmental protection and further enhance the influence of the “Green Forbidden City”． 2．【新情境·旅游与文化】（2026·河北唐山市第一次模拟演练）It not only enables visitors (experience) and appreciate these cultural values firsthand, but also shows cultural understanding is gradually shaped, sustained, and passed on across generations. 3．【新情境·历史文化】（2026·重庆市西南大学附属中学校月考）Over the decades, Luoyang has preserved layers of history across its sites, showcasing how ancient wisdom and modern life coexist (inspire) cultural pride and cross-era connection. 4．【新角度·音乐艺术】（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Nogala — vocal tremolos (颤音) copying wind or horse gallops — (create) unforgettable, waving music. 5.【新情境·人工智能】（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联月考）The course included 14 turns, hills, and uneven surfaces like railroad tracks. Many robots faced difficulties — low batteries caused some to fall, while overheating forced technicians (cool) down the robots with water. 6．【新情境·传统节日】（2026·云南玉溪第一中学模拟）Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns for centuries. As a beacon (灯塔) that lights up the way home, it is a custom (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, two festivals that celebrate reunion. 7.【新考法·虚拟现实(VR)旅游】（2026·安徽省江淮十校高联考）The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 8．【新情境·文化遗产】（2026·东北三省三校第一次联合模拟）The event marked the opening of an innovative design competition launched by the Quanzhou government, aiming (promote) the city’s rich cultural heritage and local arts. 9.【新考法·中外交流】（2026·山东滨州市高三一模）This unique event offers a wonderful opportunity (appreciate) the shared artistic spirit across two nations. 10．【新情境·】（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校月考）We’ll have a chance (see) some of them shortly — the Library Cave is only a stone’s throw from here. 11.【新考法·非物质文化遗产】（2026·河北承德市强基联盟高三一模）This show puts together over 100 top Chinese and Italian ICH works, using AI and multimedia technology (recreate) real-life scenes. 12．【新情境】(2026·江西省丰城市第九中学段考)The first well took them nearly two months ________ (complete), but they now finish a well in just 10 to 15 days with advanced technology. 13.【新考法】Today we have chat rooms, text messages, emails... but we seem (lose) the art of communicating face to face. 14.【新考法】The advanced scanning technology enables every tiny detail of the sample (examine) with great precision. 15.【新考法】The traditional snack recipe is believed (keep) in the family for over a century. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·文化旅游】（2026·安徽马鞍山市第一次教学质量监测） Shanxi province has seen a cultural tourism growth during the past few years, driven 1 (large) by the rise of popular cultural intellectual properties (IPs) and supportive government policies. The province has 531 national key 2 (preserve) cultural sites, the most in China. It is home to more than 50,000 immovable cultural relics, including over 28,000 protected ancient buildings, many of 3 can date back centuries and remain in remarkable condition. Wooden structures built before the Yuan Dynasty (1271 — 1368) in Shanxi account 4 more than 80 percent of China’s total. Shanxi is promoting the integration of AI, AR and other digital tools with tourism development, 5 (combine) virtual elements with real-world sights. The province is also upgrading its three World Cultural Heritage sites — Pingyao Ancient City, Mount Wutai 6 the Yungang Grottoes — and improving major tourism roads 7 (strengthen) infrastructure and diversify offerings. Another boost has come from China’s 240-hour visa-free stopover policy, which 8 (fuel) a wave of short trips by foreign tourists and stimulated a lively 9 (discuss) on social media since then. The efforts made by local governments and cultural heritage 10 (authority) will not only make Shanxi’s ancient architecture a container for emotions and stories but also help build a broader societal understanding on cultural heritage preservation and transmission (传承). Passage 2 【新情境·展现中国文化】（2026·广东高三一模） Jord Hammond is a British photographer who first came to live in Chongqing in 2015. Since then, he 1 (regard) the city as his second home. With cameras and curiosity, he captures (拍摄) the country’s landscapes and people, 2 (reveal) a China that is raw, up-close and deeply human. Before moving to Chongqing, the biggest city Hammond had ever experienced was London. To him, Chongqing was London on a 3 (complete) different scale — more intense, more layered and more alive. 4 (understand) the city, he started going on long walks with his camera. 5 started as a way to feel more comfortable soon became a daily habit, and eventually, a passion. Photography gave him a way to explore, make sense of the surroundings, 6 connect with people and stories. Chongqing’s rich and colorful urban life inspired him. From the riverbanks to the skyscrapers, the visual contrasts were 7 (remark). Beyond the city, traveling to places like Yunnan and Guizhou provinces deepened his 8 (appreciate) for China’s cultural and geographic diversity. Those experiences helped him realize that photography could be more than a personal hobby — 9 could be a form of storytelling. Through his work and stories on social media, Hammond tries to show daily life of Chinese 10 people around the world. He hopes to present the real China by showing these real stories and encourage foreigners to see the real China for themselves. Passage 3 【新情境·建筑师刘家琨】（2026·河北部分高中一模） The 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize was awarded to Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, a Chengdu-based talent 1 human-centered designs aim to elevate the quality of everyday life. The 69-year-old architect has created over 30 projects, all 2 (locate) in China, throughout his more-than-four-decade-long career. Although he 3 (fascinate) more by drawing and writing in his early years, Liu eventually found his calling in architecture, and with every architectural project, Liu adds positively 4 public places. “Architecture should abstract, simplify, and make visible the natural qualities of local people,” said Liu in a statement. “It has the power 5 (shape) human behavior and create atmospheres,bringing out sympathy and mercy, and offering a sense of poetry, 6 (harmonious), and shared community.” Following Wang Shu in 2012, Liu is the second architect from China to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, and has dedicated himself to 7 (design) buildings for his native country. “In a world that tends to create endless dull edges, he has found a way to build places that 8 (be) the integration of buildings, infrastructure (基础设施), landscapes, and public space,” said the Pritzker Architecture Prize jury chair. “His work may offer 9 (impact) clues to how to face the challenges of urbanization in an era of rapidly growing cities.” In addition to using architecture to create the community, protect aesthetic (美学的) context, 10 integrate landscapes into rural and urban surroundings, Liu’s projects create poetic interaction among light, shadow, and materials. Passage 4 【新情境·歌剧《乡村骑士》】（2026·河南开封高级中学调研） For director Lin Mei, staging Cavalleria Rusticana in the town of Taormina — which has a rich history and amazing landscapes — meant more than a geographical return to the opera’s Sicilian roots. It was also a spiritual echo (合奏) of the ancient themes 1 run through Mascagni’s 19th-century tragedy (悲剧). “The opera’s focus — its burning passions — connects 2 (direct) to the universal themes of Greek tragedy,” Lin says. She used the theater 3 (create) an engaging experience. In the opening, Alessandro Fantoni sang beside the audience with only an instrument for accompaniment, his voice combined with the moonlit sea beyond. Later, during the famous Intermezzo Sinfonico, choristers 4 (carry) candles slowly lighted the darkness as soprano (女高音) Leyla Martinucci, who plays the role of Santuzza, processed through the ancient ruins. Traditionally, Santuzza 5 (describe) as an abandoned lover. Lin rejected this, instead grounding her actions in Sicily’s 19th-century social and 6 (religion) context. She guided Martinucci to act Santuzza not only as suffering but also as once joyfully in love, with moments of delicate tenderness surfacing deep hopelessness. Working with 7 all-Italian cast, orchestra and chorus, Lin faces the challenge of cultural 8 (barrier) and the rigid framework of opera itself. Unlike spoken drama, opera leaves little 9 (flexible). “An opera director is like an interpreter dancing in chains,” she says. “All inventions must begin with respect 10 the music’s structure.” Her cooperation with conductor Salvo Miraglia achieved this balance. Passage 5 【新情境·机器人厨师】（2026·湖北宜昌市调研） On December 18, 2025, a significant news conference was held in Beijing, during which the city announced that official work permits had been issued to robot chefs, allowing them to prepare meals in public areas. This move marks a pioneering step taken by the government 1 (integrate) automation into the daily culinary (烹饪的) experiences of citizens and tourists. So far, 304 cultural and tourism sites, including parks, museums, and subway stations, 2 (obtain) video business licenses for robot chef services. These robots operate within small food stands designed to offer convenient meals to visitors. One key reason behind this policy is to ensure 3 robot chefs follow all relevant food regulations strictly, meaning they must maintain cleanliness and 4 (safe) standards just as human cooks do. The initiative aims to standardize 5 watch over the use of robotic technology in the food service sector. Capable of working 6 fatigue (疲劳), robot chefs can produce simple dishes such as noodles, rice, and snacks — 7 particular advantage in crowded public spaces where demand for quick meals is high. However, human staff remain responsible for monitoring the robots and checking the quality of the food 8 (serve). As one of the first cities in China carrying out such a program, Beijing hopes this 9 (innovate) will make dining in public locations more convenient and safer, 10 (reflect) a broader effort to combine technological advancement with everyday urban life. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：不定式作定语，不定式作状语，不定式作宾语及宾补，不定式作主语和表语，不定式是完成式，不定式的被动式，不定式的进行式，不定式的特殊结构 1.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 2.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 3.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 4.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 5.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 6.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 7.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 8.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 9.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 10.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 11.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need _______ (invest) in disaster prevention. 12.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 13.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over _________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 14.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 15.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 16.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 17. (2018浙江) I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 18. (2015四川)--Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it. 19. (2015陕西) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __________ all the people who had helped in her career. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 动词不定式 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：不定式作定语，不定式作状语，不定式作宾语及宾补，不定式作主语和表语，不定式是完成式，不定式的被动式，不定式的进行式，不定式的特殊结构 一、单句语法填空 考向01 不定式作宾补 1.（2026·江苏苏州市七校联考模拟预测） "Through each careful stroke and polish," he adds, "we are enabling history (breathe) again." 【答案】to breathe 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充道：“通过每一次仔细的笔触和打磨，我们让历史再次焕发生机。”enable sb./sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人/某物能够做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to breathe。故填to breathe。 2.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the book’s publisher and editor- in- chief of China Daily, notes that the stories “ignite (点燃) goodwill” for a harmonious world, and “encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly, (picture) a brighter future.” 【答案】to picture/picture 【解析】考查不定式。句意：该书出版商、《中国日报》总编辑曲莹璞指出，这些故事 “点燃了人们对和谐世界的善意”，“鼓励人们铭记过去，更重要的是，畅想一个更光明的未来。”根据上文“encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly”，故此处需要(to) picture与to remember并列作宾语补足语，表示“描绘一个光明的未来”，and连接两个不定式短语，第二个不定式符号可以省略。故填to picture/picture。 3.（2026·山东济宁市一模）The pickle-shop self-esteem keeps motivating me (excel) in college — two major club involvements and a perfect 4.0 GPA． 【答案】to excel 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：腌菜店收获的自尊不断激励我在大学表现出色。motivate sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“激励某人做某事”，用to excel作宾补。故填to excel。 4．(2026·重庆市调研)If we want our future generations ________ (enjoy) tea, we have to make sure the ecology of the plants is preserved and maintained. 【答案】to enjoy 【解析】want sb to do sth是固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”，应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to enjoy。 5．(2026·江西省南康中学大考)Among them, Chinese artist Yannesi Siu, the first Chinese artist invited individually ________ (participate) in Vivid Sydney's official program attracted attention with two works that combine ancient mythology with cutting­edge technology. 【答案】to participate 【解析】invite sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，此处为其被动形式(sb be) invited to do sth，应用动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to participate。 6．(2026·贵州省遵义市第四中学模拟)The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors ________ (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 【答案】to explore 【解析】固定搭配enable sb/sth to do sth意为“使某人/某物能够做某事”。此处enable的宾语为visitors，其后需接动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 7．(2026·广西河池高级中学月考)With permission from local authorities, she visited schools worldwide, where she urged young people ________ (take) immediate action. 【答案】to take 【解析】固定短语urge sb to do sth意为“敦促某人做某事”，应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to take。 考向02 不定式作状语 8.（2026·广东广州市天河区二模）Businessmen and messengers needed the guanzhao issued by local authorities (pass) through checkpoints along the route. 【答案】to pass 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：商人和信使需要当地当局颁发的，才能顺利通过沿途的检查站。此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to pass。 9.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy (ignore). 【答案】to ignore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当引发习惯的线索很微妙或隐藏时，它们很容易被忽视。“be easy to do sth.”是一个常见的固定搭配，意为“做某事很容易”，在此结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动含义，所以这里用to ignore，表示线索容易被忽视。故填to ignore。 10.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates how enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am ( serve) diverse schedules. 【答案】to serve 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：一个尖端的虚拟嘉年华展示了增强现实技术如何改变运动体验，每天从早上7点到凌晨2点提供各种时间表。根据句意可知，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“从早上 7 点到凌晨 2 点运营，以满足不同的日程安排”，所以填“to serve”。故填to serve。 11．(2026·湖北省十堰市云学名校联盟月考)These lanterns in the shape of lotus flowers are set to flow in rivers ________ (honor) the spirits and guide them in the afterlife. 【答案】to honor 【解析】设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to honor。 12.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The most valuable tulips had lines of color like fires. Rich businessmen collected them (show) off. 【答案】to show 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：富有的商人收集它们来炫耀。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示收集郁金香的目的是炫耀，故填to show。 13．(2026·辽宁省鞍山市部分学校一模)Lucy said she feels very fortunate ________ (come) to China and to have settled in Xi'an. 【答案】to have come 【解析】此处为“feel＋形容词＋to do”结构，根据and后的to have settled可知，come和settle发生在said之前，应用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have come。 14．(2026·天津市南开大学附属中学检测)It is amazing that some old and outdated teaching and learning facilities in our classroom have been updated ________ (make)us study more effectively and efficiently. 【答案】to make 【解析】“更新老旧教学设施”的目的是“让我们更高效地学习”，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 15．(2026·河北省衡水市冀州中学月考)Last August, Shen took to the Internet ________ (publicize) his decade­long reform efforts. 【答案】to publicize 【解析】此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to publicize。 16.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校摸底）Her lover, Ahei, made every effort (save) her. 【答案】to save 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的爱人阿黑竭尽全力去救她。“make every effort to do sth.”表示“竭尽全力做某事”。故填to save。 17.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三零诊）Anyone who cannot bear the smell of the kitchen is unable (put) up with the work of compilation. 【答案】to put 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：受不了厨房气味的人，也受不了编纂工作。be unable to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“不能做某事”，因此本空应用不定式to put。故填to put。 18.（2026·内蒙古部分学校教学质量检测） (tackle) these challenges, the publishing industry must shift from merely producing content to becoming creators of a knowledge service ecosystem. 【答案】To tackle 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：要应对这些挑战，出版业必须从单一内容输出转变成为知识服务生态构建者。作目的状语，用动词不定式to tackle，位于句首，首字母大写。故填To tackle。 考向03 不定式作宾语 19.（2026·河北省石家庄正定中学开学）I enjoyed being taken around as Stephanie pointed out this or that building, place or monument and explained to me the bargaining process in the markets and showed me where (eat) a full meal for only a few dollars. 【答案】to eat 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很喜欢姐姐带我四处逛，她会指出这个或那个建筑、地方或纪念碑，向我解释市场里的砍价流程，还告诉我在哪里只用几美元就能吃一顿饱饭。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作showed的宾语，所以用to eat。故填to eat。 20．(2026·广东省佛山桂华中学段考)Appreciating such art teaches us how ________ (find) beauty in simplicity. 【答案】to find 【解析】此处为“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，作teaches的宾语。故填to find。 考向04 不定式作定语 21．(2026·安徽省合肥市第八中学月考)Whether you're looking for a fun challenge or a way ________ (improve) cognitive function, Tangram is an excellent game to play. 【答案】to improve 【解析】a way to do sth是固定搭配，意为 “做某事的方法”。故填to improve。 22．(2026·辽宁省大连市第二十四中学检测)International media widely covered the event, which was a clear indication that China has the ability and determination ________ (safeguard) national sovereignty (主权) and world peace. 【答案】to safeguard 【解析】此处表示“维护国家主权和世界和平的能力与决心”，应用不定式作名词短语the ability and determination的后置定语。故填to safeguard。 考向05 不定式作主语 23.（2026·内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市一模）It took me about an hour (wander) through the stone streets lined with wooden houses. Attracted by the peaceful rivers and ancient bridges, I stopped often to take photos. 【答案】to wander 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我花了大约一个小时的时间在那些两旁是木屋的石板街道上漫步。It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.“花费某人多长时间做某事”是固定句型，此空填不定式to wander。故填to wander。 24.（2026·河南省部分学校高三调研）An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time for different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is essential (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，列出这些丢失物品的完整清单，并研究它们来自哪里以及它们是如何被移动的，这是至关重要的。It is essential to do sth.表示“做某事是至关重要的”，固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，所以空处需用动词不定式to make作主语。故填to make。 25.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学开学）It is possible   (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 【答案】to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：骑行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。固定句型It +be+adj+to do sth.，it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 26.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学开学）He said it is essential (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，列出这些丢失物品的完整清单，并研究它们来自哪里以及它们是如何被移动的，这是至关重要的。It is essential to do sth.表示“做某事是至关重要的”，固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，所以空处需用动词不定式to make作主语。故填to make。 考向05 不定式作表语 27.（2026届山东临沂市一模）The festival is not merely an endpoint but rather a starting point for sustained development, the target of which is (continue) building and strengthening the cultural brand, thereby further integrating artistic beauty with public spaces to significantly boost urban cultural vitality, enhance commercial experiences, and ultimately foster the mutual growth of culture and commerce. 【答案】to continue 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该节日绝非终点，而是可持续发展的起点。其目标是持续打造并做强文化品牌，进而进一步将艺术之美与公共空间深度融合，以显著提升城市文化活力、优化商业体验，最终推动文化与商业的共生共荣。此处应用不定式作表语，说明target的具体内容。故填to continue。 28．The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 【答案】to explore 【解析】本题考查不定式。句意：这个研究项目的最终目标是探索对环境友好和可持续发展的新能源。主语“goal”是表目标的名词，表语需用不定式“to explore”明确目标的具体内容。故填to explore。 29．The aim of this investigation is (bring) the truth to light, which is an uplifting notice for the public. 【答案】to bring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次调查的目的是揭示真相，这对公众来说是一则令人振奋的通知。“is”是系动词，“(bring) the truth to light”作表语，用非谓语形式，此处表示要去做的事情，用不定式形式to bring，表示目的或意图。故填to bring。 30．Don’t always blame your failure on others, sometimes you yourself are (blame). 【答案】to blame 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要总是把你的失败归咎于别人，有时候你自己也有责任。be to blame是固定用法，意为“应受责备；该负责任”，主动形式表被动意义，动词不定式作表语。故填to blame。 考向06 不定式的特殊结构 31．The two prisoners are said (escape), and the police are searching for them. 【答案】to have escaped 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这两名囚犯已经越狱了，警方正在搜捕他们。“Sb./Sth. be said to do”是固定句型，意为“据说某人做了某事”，用不定式作主语补足语，且escape(逃跑，逃脱)这一动作发生在“are said”之前，应用不定式的完成式to have done表已经发生。故填to have escaped。 32．She was extremely disappointed that the precious painting she had been looking forward to seeing was said (steal) before the exhibition opened. 【答案】to have been stolen 【解析】句意：她对此感到极为失望，因为她一直期待能看到的那幅珍贵的画作竟然据说在展览开幕前就已被盗了。此处为短语be said to do sth.，且steal与painting构成被动关系，先于谓语完成，应用to have been done形式。 33．A major accident in southern Sweden happened today. It’s reported that this afternoon a ship crashed into a bridge. Unluckily, seven cars and six trucks are said (fall) into the water. 【答案】to have fallen 【解析】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：据报道，今天下午瑞典南部发生了一起重大事故，一艘船撞上了一座桥。不幸的是，据说有七辆小汽车和六辆卡车掉进了水里。“sb./sth. be said to do”是固定句型，意为“据说某人/某物做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语；且“掉进水里”这一动作发生在“据说”之前，所以应用不定式的完成式to have done表完成，fall的过去分词是fallen。故填to have fallen。 34．The naughty boy pretended (read) when the headmaster came into the classroom. 【答案】to be reading 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：校长走进教室时，那个淘气的男孩假装在看书。此处表示“假装正在做某事”，动词pretend后面应该用不定式的进行时to be reading作宾语。故填to be reading。 35．The boy pretended (concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering. 【答案】to be concentrating 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩假装专心于他的课，但实际上他的思想在游荡。结合后文“his mind was wandering”可知主句使用短语pretend to be doing sth.“假装在做某事”，本空用concentrate on“专心于”的不定式的进行式，作宾语。故填to be concentrating。 36．The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream (admit) to my favorite university will come true. 【答案】to be admitted 【解析】句意：考试很可能按预期顺利进行，我被心仪大学录取的梦想将会实现。my dream作主语，_______(admit) to my favorite university作后置定语修饰名词dream，要将动词admit变成非谓语动词；结合will come true可知，admit这个动作还没发生，要用动词不定式结构作后置定语，且表示“被大学录取”，要用动词不定式的被动语态to be admitted。 37．Henry can’t attend the party (hold) at Tom’s house tomorrow because he has a presentation to prepare. 【答案】to be held 【解析】句意：Henry无法参加明天在Tom家举办的聚会，因为他要准备一个演示。本句谓语为can’t attend，此处为非谓语动词，且the party与hold为被动关系，且由tomorrow可知动作尚未发生，应用不定式的被动语态to be held，作后置定语。 38．She wanted her hand-painted environmental posters (notice) by more students, so she put them up in the hallway. 【答案】to be noticed 【解析】句意：她希望自己手绘的环保海报能被更多同学看到，便将海报张贴在了走廊。此处为固定结构want sth to be done，notice与逻辑主语posters之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动词不定式的被动形式to be noticed作宾补。 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·内蒙古鄂尔多斯市一模） A pair of photographs taken by satellites show a massive array (阵列) of solar panels spreading across the desert of Inner Mongolia. At 250 miles long and 3 miles wide, the Kubuqi Desert solar array will be the world’s largest by a country mile when 1 (finish) in 2030. There are already over 3 million solar panels 2 (shine) along an area of mostly lifeless sand. The Kubuqi’s sunny weather, flat landscape, and closeness 3 industrial centers make it a favorable location for solar power generation. Panels are being laid out in a long, narrow band of dunes (沙丘) just south of the Yellow River between the cities of Baotou and Bayannur. A divided screen image shows 4 amazing progress made over the years, including a huge image of a running horse 5 holds the Guinness World Record for the largest image made out of solar panels. It 6 (call) the Junma Solar Power Station in Chinese, and it now generates enough electricity 7 (power) 400,000 homes. Authorities believe the solar sea could power all of Beijing in the future. The solar panels help keep the sand dunes from moving and covering nearby fields. The shade keeps the sand cooler and lets water stay in it for 8 (long), giving tough plants a chance to establish 9 (they) in the area. Locals are beginning to grow plants under the solar panels and are having 10 (succeed) with the exercise. 【答案】 1．finished 2．shining 3．to 4．the 5．that/which 6．is called 7．to power 8．longer 9．themselves 10．success 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了内蒙古库布齐沙漠太阳能阵列，包括建设、优势及带来的生态经济成果。 1．考查状语从句的省略。句意：库布齐沙漠的太阳能电池板阵列长250英里，宽3英里，到2030年完工时，它将成为遥遥领先的世界最大太阳能电池板阵列。when引导的时间状语从句中，省略了it is，完整形式为when it is finished in 2030，it指代 the Kubuqi Desert solar array。故填finished。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：已经有超过300万块太阳能电池板沿着一片几乎寸草不生的沙地闪耀着光芒。shine与solar panels之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填shining。 3．考查介词。句意：库布齐的阳光充足、地势平坦，且靠近工业中心，这使其成为太阳能发电的理想之地。closeness to...是固定搭配，意为“与…… 接近”。故填to。 4．考查冠词。句意：一幅分屏图像展示了多年来取得的惊人进展，其中包括一幅巨大的奔跑马的图像，它保持着由太阳能电池板制成的最大图像的吉尼斯世界纪录。progress后面有made over the years作后置定语，特指这些年取得的惊人进展，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 5．考查定语从句。句意：一幅分屏图像展示了多年来取得的惊人进展，其中包括一幅巨大的奔跑马的图像，它保持着由太阳能电池板制成的最大图像的吉尼斯世界纪录。句中先行词是a huge image of a running horse，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：该图像被称为“骏马太阳能电站”，目前能够为40万户家庭提供电力。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。it指代the Junma Solar Power Station，与call之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is called。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：该图像被称为“骏马太阳能电站”，目前能够为40万户家庭提供电力。enough +名词+ to do“有足够的……去做某事”。故填to power。 8．考查比较级。句意：这种遮阴设施能使沙子保持凉爽，并使水分在其中停留更长时间，从而为耐旱植物提供了扎根生长的机会。根据语境，太阳能电池板的阴影使沙子更凉爽，能让水停留更长时间，所以用long的比较级形式。故填longer。 9．考查代词。句意：这种遮阴设施能使沙子保持凉爽，并使水分在其中停留更长时间，从而为耐旱植物提供了扎根生长的机会。establish oneself表示“立足，使自己稳固”。主语是plants，所以用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 10．考查名词。句意：当地居民开始在太阳能电池板下种植植物，并且这项尝试取得了成功。have success with...是固定短语，意为“在…… 方面取得成功”。故填success。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·山东省实验中学学情检测） In a martial arts club in Yaounde’s Mimboman neighborhood, the steady beat of feet and sharp shouts fill the room as 1 (score) of students mirror the fluent, forceful movements of their instructor, Martin Mangwandjo. Beneath the bright sun, the 29-year-old moves with confidence and ease, 2 relying on walking sticks due to a congenital (先天性的) disease. Over the years, for him, Chinese martial arts 3 (be) more than a physical practice. Martin’s passion began in childhood, sparked by 4 unexpected encounter with Chinese culture through martial arts films 5 (feature) legends like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan. Through persistence and self-training, his confidence grew. His journey took a 6 (decide) turn during a performance in which with his skill and determination, he 7 (impress) a visiting Chinese martial arts master Xiao who offered to train him personally and taught him many aspects of Chinese culture like traditional Chinese medicine, kung fu, and tai chi. Over time, Martin’s understanding of martial arts deepened. “I found in martial arts a certain power, a certain physical strength I could employ 8 (defend) myself in any dangerous situation,” he said. “I also felt a sense of fulfillment with the understanding 9 we all remain the same even if we may be born with certain physical limitations.” More than a practitioner, Martin now sees himself as a “cultural ambassador”. “My wish is to see many Africans and Cameroonians, even those with disabilities like myself, take an interest in Chinese culture and Chinese martial arts in particular, 10 I have found a source of moral strength that enabled me to overcome any situation or difficulty in life,” he said. 【答案】 1．scores 2．despite 3．have been 4．an 5．featuring 6．decisive 7．impressed 8．to defend 9．that 10．where 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，本文讲述了喀麦隆青年马丁虽患先天性疾病，却因武术结缘中国文化，凭借坚持深耕武术，最终成为中喀文化交流使者的故事。 1．考查名词单复数。句意：在雅温得米姆博曼社区的一家武术俱乐部里，清晰的脚步声和响亮的呼喊声充斥着整个房间，数十名学员模仿着教练马丁·曼甘瓦乔流畅有力的动作。scores of为固定短语，意为“许多、大量”，后接可数名词复数students，符合语境，故填scores。 2．考查介词。句意：在灿烂的阳光下，这位29岁的男子步伐坚定、轻松自如，尽管他因先天性疾病而不得不依靠拐杖行走。空格后为动名词短语，结合句意“尽管因先天性疾病依赖拐杖”，despite表“尽管”，后接名词/动名词，故填despite。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，对他而言，中国武术远不止是一种身体上的锻炼活动。over the years为现在完成时标志，主语martial arts为复数，故填have been。 4．考查冠词。句意：马丁对武术的热爱始于童年时期，这一爱好源于他偶然接触到了中国文化的契机——通过观看诸如李小龙和成龙等传奇人物主演的功夫电影。结合句意，马丁的热情源于童年一次意外接触中国文化的经历，encounter为可数名词单数，“一次意外的邂逅”表泛指；且unexpected以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。films与feature为主动关系，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示“以……为特色”，故填featuring。 6．考查形容词。句意：他的旅程在此时发生了决定性的转折，在一次表演中，凭借他的技艺和坚定的决心，他给一位来访的中国武术大师肖留下了深刻的印象，这位大师主动提出亲自指导他，并向他传授了许多中国文化方面的知识，比如传统中医、功夫和太极。修饰名词turn需用形容词，decide的形容词形式为decisive，意为“决定性的”，故填decisive。 7．考查动词时态。句意同上。此处描述过去发生的动作，从句用一般过去时，主句谓语动词也用过去式，故填impressed。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我在武术中发现了一种力量，一种我能够运用的强大的身体力量，这种力量能让我在任何危险的情况下保护自己。”他说。结合句子语意可知，力量的用途是在危险情境中保护自己，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to defend。 9．考查名词性从句。句意：同时，我也有了一种满足感，因为我知道即便我们可能生来就存在某些身体上的限制，但本质上我们还是相同的。空后内容解释说明前文“a sense of fulfillment”，为同位语从句，从句句意和成分完整，故用that引导。故填that。 10．考查定语从句。句意：“我的愿望是看到许多非洲人和喀麦隆人，包括像我这样身有残疾的人，能够对中国的文化以及中国的武术产生兴趣。在那里，我找到了一种精神力量源泉，它帮助我克服了生活中的任何困境或困难。”他说。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese martial arts，从句中缺“在武术中”这一地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·陕西商洛市一模） On January 5, 2024, a small Chinese company called DeepSeek released a new AI system that could answer questions, solve logic problems and write computer programs as 1 (capable) as AI models from leading AI companies like OpenAI and Meta. That alone would have been a milestone. But the team behind the system, called DeepSeek-V3, described 2 even bigger step in a research paper: Only about $6 million are used 3 (build) their new system. That is 95% cheaper than OpenAI’s old. “But the 4 (big) decision is to make the code open-source and it will benefit consumers and transform society,” said Chris Nicholson, an investor 5 focuses on AI technologies. “For AI to transform society and benefit consumers, 6 needs to be cheap and out of the control of any country or company.” Since OpenAI released its ChatGPT in 2022, many experts and investors had concluded that no company could compete with leading American AI companies since the widely 7 (accept) wisdom was that they are among the richest companies in the world and that they could stay ahead in the AI sector by spending billions of dollars on 8 (create) advanced chips and building out huge data centers (despite the environmental cost). Now, the wisdom has been called into question. DeepSeek shows how competition and 9 (innovate) will make AI cheaper and therefore more useful. DeepSeek’s engineers said they needed only about 2,000 specialized computer chips from Nvidia. It is just one 10 (ten) of the computing power used by Meta’s Llama 3.1 model. 【答案】 1．capably 2．an 3．to build 4．biggest 5．who/that 6．it 7．accepted 8．creating 9．innovation 10．tenth 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国小公司 DeepSeek 用极低成本做出了能与大公司比肩的 AI 模型，并选择开源，挑战了“只有美国巨头才能做顶尖 AI”的传统看法。 1．考查副词。句意：2024年1月5日，一家名为 DeepSeek 的中国小公司发布了一款新的人工智能系统。该系统在回答问题、解决逻辑题以及编写计算机程序方面的表现，几乎与来自OpenAI和Meta等领先人工智能公司的AI模型 一样出色。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词answer，solve和write，capable的副词为capably。故填capably。 2．考查冠词。句意：但在一篇研究论文中，这个名为DeepSeek-V3的系统背后的团队描述了 一个更大的进步：他们只花费了大约600万美元来构建这个新系统。此处泛指一个更大的进步，应用不定冠词，且bigger是辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：但在一篇研究论文中，这个名为DeepSeek-V3的系统背后的团队描述了 一个更大的进步：他们只花费了大约600万美元来构建这个新系统。固定搭配be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to build。 4．考查形容词最高级。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。”专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯・尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词decision，定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填biggest。 5．考查定语从句。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。” 专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯・尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是an investor，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故填who或that。 6．考查代词。句意：“但最大的决定是将代码开源，这将造福消费者，并改变社会。” 专注于人工智能技术的投资者克里斯・尼科尔森说，“要让人工智能改变社会并造福消费者，它需要价格低廉，并且不受任何国家或公司的控制。”空处指代上文提到的AI，应用代词it作主语，故填it。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：自从OpenAI在2022年推出ChatGPT以来，许多专家和投资者认为，没有哪家公司能与领先的美国人工智能公司竞争。因为当时被广泛接受的观点 是：这些美国公司是世界上最富有的公司之一，它们可以通过花费数十亿美元打造先进芯片并建设大型数据中心（尽管会付出环境代价），从而在人工智能领域保持领先。空处需用非谓语动词作定语修饰名词wisdom，动词accept和wisdom之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填accepted。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：自从OpenAI在2022年推出ChatGPT以来，许多专家和投资者认为，没有哪家公司能与领先的美国人工智能公司竞争。因为当时被广泛接受的观点 是：这些美国公司是世界上最富有的公司之一，它们可以通过花费数十亿美元打造先进芯片并建设大型数据中心（尽管会付出环境代价），从而在人工智能领域保持领先。空处和spending并列作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填creating。 9．考查名词。句意：DeepSeek的例子表明，竞争和创新将使人工智能变得更便宜，从而更有用。空处和competition并列作宾语，应用名词innovation。故填innovation。 10．考查序数词。句意：这只是Meta的Llama 3.1模型所使用计算能力的十分之一。固定搭配one tenth of，表示“十分之一”。故填tenth。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:文化旅游(T1) 展现中国文化(T2);建筑师刘家琨(T3);歌剧《乡村骑士》(T4)；机器人厨师(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·环境保护】(2026·河北衡水二中检测)The goal is ________ (engage) more people in environmental protection and further enhance the influence of the “Green Forbidden City”． 【答案】to engage 【解析】考查不定式。句意：目标是吸引更多民众参与环境保护，并进一步提升“绿色紫禁城”的影响力。设空处对主语goal进行具体说明，应用不定式作表语。故填to engage。 2．【新情境·旅游与文化】（2026·河北唐山市第一次模拟演练）It not only enables visitors (experience) and appreciate these cultural values firsthand, but also shows cultural understanding is gradually shaped, sustained, and passed on across generations. 【答案】to experience 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅让游客能够亲身感受和体会这些文化价值，也展现了文化理解的代代传承。此处为固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”，所以用动词不定式to experience作宾补。故填to experience。 3．【新情境·历史文化】（2026·重庆市西南大学附属中学校月考）Over the decades, Luoyang has preserved layers of history across its sites, showcasing how ancient wisdom and modern life coexist (inspire) cultural pride and cross-era connection. 【答案】to inspire 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几十年来，洛阳在各个遗址保存了层层历史，展示了古代智慧和现代生活如何共存，激发了文化自豪感和跨时代联系。结合语意可知，空处表示目的，应用动词不定式形式作状语。故填to inspire。 4．【新角度·音乐艺术】（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Nogala — vocal tremolos (颤音) copying wind or horse gallops — (create) unforgettable, waving music. 【答案】to create 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：歌手们运用“诺加拉”（Nogala）等技巧——模仿风声或马蹄声的 颤音——来创造令人难忘的、如波浪般起伏的音乐。根据“use sth. to do sth.”意为“用某物做某事”可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，所以用to create。故填to create。 5.【新情境·人工智能】（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联月考）The course included 14 turns, hills, and uneven surfaces like railroad tracks. Many robots faced difficulties — low batteries caused some to fall, while overheating forced technicians (cool) down the robots with water. 【答案】to cool 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：许多机器人面临着困难——电池电量低导致一些机器人掉落，而过热迫使技术人员用水冷却机器人。固定短语force sb. to do sth.，意为“迫使某人做某事”，故空格处应用“to cool”。故填to cool。 6．【新情境·传统节日】（2026·云南玉溪第一中学模拟）Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns for centuries. As a beacon (灯塔) that lights up the way home, it is a custom (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, two festivals that celebrate reunion. 【答案】to admire 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为照亮回家路的灯塔，在元宵节和中秋节这两个团圆佳节赏灯是一种习俗。此处为固定句型“it is a custom to do sth.”，意为“做某事是一种习俗”，it作形式主语，真正主语为动词不定式，所以用to admire。故填to admire。 7.【新考法·虚拟现实(VR)旅游】（2026·安徽省江淮十校高联考）The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 【答案】to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该学院还推出了虚拟现实(VR)旅游，让游客能够以沉浸式和互动的方式探索洞穴。“enable sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 8．【新情境·文化遗产】（2026·东北三省三校第一次联合模拟）The event marked the opening of an innovative design competition launched by the Quanzhou government, aiming (promote) the city’s rich cultural heritage and local arts. 【答案】to promote 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此次活动标志着由泉州政府发起的创新设计竞赛的开幕，旨在推广该市丰富的文化遗产和地方艺术。“aim to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式“to promote”作“aiming”的宾语。故填to promote。 9.【新考法·中外交流】（2026·山东滨州市高三一模）This unique event offers a wonderful opportunity (appreciate) the shared artistic spirit across two nations. 【答案】to appreciate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一独特的活动提供了一个欣赏两国共同艺术精神的绝佳机会。固定搭配offer an opportunity to do sth.意为“提供做某事的机会”，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰opportunity，故填to appreciate。 10．【新情境·】（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校月考）We’ll have a chance (see) some of them shortly — the Library Cave is only a stone’s throw from here. 【答案】to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很快就有机会看到其中的一些，藏经洞离这里只有一箭之遥。空白处在句子中作后置定语且表示一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且have a chance to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有机会做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to see。 11.【新考法·非物质文化遗产】（2026·河北承德市强基联盟高三一模）This show puts together over 100 top Chinese and Italian ICH works, using AI and multimedia technology (recreate) real-life scenes. 【答案】to recreate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：本次展览汇集了100多件中意顶级非物质文化遗产作品，利用人工智能和多媒体技术重现真实场景。本句谓语为puts，此处为非谓语动词，本空作目的状语，用动词recreate“重现”的不定式。故填to recreate。 12．【新情境】(2026·江西省丰城市第九中学段考)The first well took them nearly two months ________ (complete), but they now finish a well in just 10 to 15 days with advanced technology. 【答案】to complete 【解析】固定句型“sth takes sb＋时间＋to do sth”表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，应用动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to complete。 13.【新考法】Today we have chat rooms, text messages, emails... but we seem (lose) the art of communicating face to face. 【答案】to be losing 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：现如今，我们有聊天室、短信、电子邮件……但是我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的艺术。seem后常跟动词不定式，we和lose之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，再结合语境可知，此处表示似乎正在失去面对面交流的艺术，用动词不定式的进行式构成短语seem to be doing，表示“似乎正在发生……”。故填to be losing。 14.【新考法】The advanced scanning technology enables every tiny detail of the sample (examine) with great precision. 【答案】to be examined 【解析】句意：先进的扫描技术使得能够以极高的精度检测样品的每一个微小细节。enable sth./sb. to do“使某物/人能够做某事”且every tiny detail of the sample与examine为被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式to be examined，作宾补。 15.【新考法】The traditional snack recipe is believed (keep) in the family for over a century. 【答案】to have been kept 【解析】句意：人们认为这个传统小吃配方已经在这个家族保存了一个多世纪了。本句为‌“sth. is believed to do”固定结构，不定式作主语补足语；此处keep(保存)与其逻辑主语The traditional snack recipe之间是被动关系，且动作发生在谓语动作之前，因此用不定式的完成被动式to have been kept，表被动和已经发生。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·文化旅游】（2026·安徽马鞍山市第一次教学质量监测） Shanxi province has seen a cultural tourism growth during the past few years, driven 1 (large) by the rise of popular cultural intellectual properties (IPs) and supportive government policies. The province has 531 national key 2 (preserve) cultural sites, the most in China. It is home to more than 50,000 immovable cultural relics, including over 28,000 protected ancient buildings, many of 3 can date back centuries and remain in remarkable condition. Wooden structures built before the Yuan Dynasty (1271 — 1368) in Shanxi account 4 more than 80 percent of China’s total. Shanxi is promoting the integration of AI, AR and other digital tools with tourism development, 5 (combine) virtual elements with real-world sights. The province is also upgrading its three World Cultural Heritage sites — Pingyao Ancient City, Mount Wutai 6 the Yungang Grottoes — and improving major tourism roads 7 (strengthen) infrastructure and diversify offerings. Another boost has come from China’s 240-hour visa-free stopover policy, which 8 (fuel) a wave of short trips by foreign tourists and stimulated a lively 9 (discuss) on social media since then. The efforts made by local governments and cultural heritage 10 (authority) will not only make Shanxi’s ancient architecture a container for emotions and stories but also help build a broader societal understanding on cultural heritage preservation and transmission (传承). 【答案】 1．largely 2．preserved 3．which 4．for 5．combining 6．and 7．to strengthen 8．has fueled 9．discussion 10．authorities 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山西省文化旅游业的快速发展，重点阐述了其核心优势、推动措施以及长远意义。 1．考查副词。句意：山西省在过去几年间文化旅游出现增长，这主要得益于热门文化知识产权（IP）的兴起以及支持性政府政策的推动。空处修饰后面的介词短语，应用副词largely，意为“很大程度上，主要地”。故填largely。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：该省拥有531处国家重点文物保护单位，数量居全国首位。空处作修饰cultural sites的定语，preserve“保护”和cultural sites逻辑上是被动关系，因此用preserve的过去分词形式。故填preserved。 3．考查定语从句。句意：省内现有不可移动文物五万余处，其中包括二万八千余处受保护的古建筑，其中许多可追溯至数百年前且保存状况良好。空处和空前的many of搭配，形成“代词+of+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词over 28,000 protected ancient buildings作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此关系代词应用which。故填which。 4．考查介词。句意：山西现存元代（1271—1368年）以前的木构建筑占全国总量的80%以上。结合空后的“more than 80 percent”可知，固定搭配account for“（比例）占……”符合题意，表示“占全国总量80%以上”。故填for。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：山西正推动人工智能、增强现实等数字工具与旅游发展的融合，将虚拟元素与现实景观相结合。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，combine“组合，结合”和Shanxi逻辑上是主动关系，因此用combine的现在分词形式，作状语。故填combining。 6．考查连词。句意：该省也在升级其三大世界文化遗产——平遥古城、五台山和云冈石窟——并改善主要旅游道路，以加强基础设施并丰富旅游供给。空处连接三个世界文化遗产名称，三者之间是并列关系，因此用并列连词and。故填and。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：该省也在升级其三大世界文化遗产——平遥古城、五台山和云冈石窟——并改善主要旅游道路，以加强基础设施并丰富旅游供给。句子已有谓语is upgrading和improving，空处是非谓语，strengthen“加强”是谓语行为的目的，因此用strengthen的不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to strengthen。 8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：另一推动力来自中国的240小时过境免签政策，该政策自实施以来引发了外国游客的短期旅游热潮，并在社交媒体上激发了活跃的讨论。空处作定语从句的谓语，which代替先行词240-hour visa-free stopover policy在从句中作主语，结合“since then”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has fueled。 9．考查名词。句意：另一推动力来自中国的240小时过境免签政策，该政策自实施以来引发了外国游客的短期旅游热潮，并在社交媒体上激发了活跃的讨论。空处被lively修饰，作stimulated的宾语，名词discussion符合题意，意为“讨论”，且空前有不定冠词，discussion用单数形式。故填discussion。 10．考查名词复数。句意：地方政府和文化遗产管理部门的努力，不仅将使山西的古建筑成为情感与故事的载体，也有助于在社会层面更广泛地理解文化遗产的保护与传承。空处和local governments并列，作by的宾语，需用复数形式authorities和governments保持形式一致。故填authorities。 Passage 2 【新情境·展现中国文化】（2026·广东高三一模） Jord Hammond is a British photographer who first came to live in Chongqing in 2015. Since then, he 1 (regard) the city as his second home. With cameras and curiosity, he captures (拍摄) the country’s landscapes and people, 2 (reveal) a China that is raw, up-close and deeply human. Before moving to Chongqing, the biggest city Hammond had ever experienced was London. To him, Chongqing was London on a 3 (complete) different scale — more intense, more layered and more alive. 4 (understand) the city, he started going on long walks with his camera. 5 started as a way to feel more comfortable soon became a daily habit, and eventually, a passion. Photography gave him a way to explore, make sense of the surroundings, 6 connect with people and stories. Chongqing’s rich and colorful urban life inspired him. From the riverbanks to the skyscrapers, the visual contrasts were 7 (remark). Beyond the city, traveling to places like Yunnan and Guizhou provinces deepened his 8 (appreciate) for China’s cultural and geographic diversity. Those experiences helped him realize that photography could be more than a personal hobby — 9 could be a form of storytelling. Through his work and stories on social media, Hammond tries to show daily life of Chinese 10 people around the world. He hopes to present the real China by showing these real stories and encourage foreigners to see the real China for themselves. 【答案】 1．has regarded 2．revealing 3．completely 4．To understand 5．What 6．and 7．remarkable 8．appreciation 9．it 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英国摄影师Jord Hammond自2015年定居重庆后，通过摄影记录中国的城市风貌、人文生活与多元文化，并用作品向世界展示真实、鲜活、充满人文温度的中国。 1．考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，他把这座城市当作自己的第二故乡。since then是现在完成时的标志，表示从过去的某个时间点开始，一直持续到目前（包括现在）的状态或动作，主语he为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has regarded。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：带着相机和好奇心，他拍摄这个国家的风景与人，展现出一个真实、近距离且充满人文温度的中国。句子已有谓语动词captures，reveal在句中作非谓语动词，主语he与动词reveal是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填revealing。 3．考查副词。句意：对他而言，重庆是一座规模完全不同的“伦敦”——更有张力、层次更丰富、也更具生机。此处修饰形容词different，应用副词completely“完全”，作状语，故填completely。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了了解这座城市，他开始带着相机长时间散步。started作谓语动词，understand在句中作非谓语动词，表示目的，应用不定式，作目的状语，句首单词，首字母大写。故填To understand。 5．考查主语从句。句意：起初只是为了让自己感觉更自在的事情，很快就变成了一种日常习惯，最终成为了一种热爱。“____ started as a way to feel more comfortable soon”是主语从句，此空在从句中作主语，指代上文“散步、拍照”这件事，此从句用连接代词what引导，句首单词，首字母大写。故填What。 6．考查连词。句意：摄影给了他一种探索、理解周遭环境，并与人与故事建立联系的方式。to explore, make sense of the surroundings与connect with people and stories三个不定式为并列关系，表示顺承，用连词and连接。故填and。 7．考查形容词。句意：从河岸到摩天大楼，视觉上的对比十分显著。此空在系动词were后，作表语，应用形容词remarkable“显著的；引人注目的”。故填remarkable。 8．考查名词。句意：走出城市，前往云南和贵州等地旅行，加深了他对中国文化和地理多样性的了解。形容词性物主代词his后接名词，作deepened宾语，应用appreciation“了解，理解”。故填appreciation。 9．考查代词。句意：这些经历让他意识到，摄影不仅仅是个人爱好——它还可以是一种叙事方式。此处作主语，此处指代前面的photography，应用代词it。故填it。 10．考查介词。句意：通过社交媒体上的作品和故事，Hammond试图向全世界的人们展示中国人的日常生活。此处指“向全世界展示中国普通人的日常生活”，show sth. to sb.表示“向某人展示某物”，to是介词。故填to。 Passage 3 【新情境·建筑师刘家琨】（2026·河北部分高中一模） The 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize was awarded to Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, a Chengdu-based talent 1 human-centered designs aim to elevate the quality of everyday life. The 69-year-old architect has created over 30 projects, all 2 (locate) in China, throughout his more-than-four-decade-long career. Although he 3 (fascinate) more by drawing and writing in his early years, Liu eventually found his calling in architecture, and with every architectural project, Liu adds positively 4 public places. “Architecture should abstract, simplify, and make visible the natural qualities of local people,” said Liu in a statement. “It has the power 5 (shape) human behavior and create atmospheres,bringing out sympathy and mercy, and offering a sense of poetry, 6 (harmonious), and shared community.” Following Wang Shu in 2012, Liu is the second architect from China to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, and has dedicated himself to 7 (design) buildings for his native country. “In a world that tends to create endless dull edges, he has found a way to build places that 8 (be) the integration of buildings, infrastructure (基础设施), landscapes, and public space,” said the Pritzker Architecture Prize jury chair. “His work may offer 9 (impact) clues to how to face the challenges of urbanization in an era of rapidly growing cities.” In addition to using architecture to create the community, protect aesthetic (美学的) context, 10 integrate landscapes into rural and urban surroundings, Liu’s projects create poetic interaction among light, shadow, and materials. 【答案】 1．whose 2．located 3．was fascinated/had been fascinated 4．to 5．to shape 6．harmony 7．designing 8．are 9．impactful 10．and 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国建筑师刘家琨荣获2025年普利兹克建筑奖及其建筑理念、成就和对城市化挑战的应对。 1．考查定语从句。句意：2025年普利兹克建筑奖授予了在成都工作的建筑师刘家琨，他是一位来自成都的天才，其以人为本的设计旨在提高日常生活质量。此处引导定语从句，先行词为Liu Jiakun，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰designs，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这位69岁的建筑师在其40多年的职业生涯中，在中国各地创作了30多个项目。空处作非谓语动词，locate与projects为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词located，作后置定语。故填located。 3．考查被动语态和时态。句意：尽管刘家琨早年对绘画和写作更感兴趣，但他最终在建筑领域找到了自己的使命，并且在每一个建筑项目中，刘家琨都为公共场所增添了积极的元素。fascinate和主语he之间是被动关系，表示“他被绘画和写作所着迷”，in his early years表示过去，所以从句可用一般过去时的被动语态was fascinated；也可看作强调“早年一直如此”，使用过去完成时的被动语态had been fascinated。故填was fascinated/had been fascinated。 4．考查介词。句意：尽管刘家琨早年对绘画和写作更感兴趣，但他最终在建筑领域找到了自己的使命，并且在每一个建筑项目中，刘家琨都为公共场所增添了积极的元素。add to...为固定短语，意为“增添……”，to为介词。故填to。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：它有能力塑造人类行为，创造氛围，激发同情和怜悯，并带来诗意、和谐和共享社区的感觉。the power to do sth.“做某事的力量”，所以空处应使用不定式to shape作后置定语，修饰名词power。故填to shape。 6．考查名词。句意：它有能力塑造人类行为，创造氛围，激发同情和怜悯，并带来诗意、和谐和共享社区的感觉。此处与poetry和shared community并列，应用名词harmony“和谐”，作offer的宾语。故填harmony。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：继2012年王澍之后，刘家琨是第二位获得普利兹克建筑奖的中国建筑师，他致力于为他的祖国设计建筑。dedicate oneself to doing sth.为固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，其中to为介词，本空用动名词designing作宾语。故填designing。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：普利兹克建筑奖评委会主席表示：“在一个倾向于创造无尽乏味边缘的世界里，他找到了一种方法，建造出建筑、基础设施、景观和公共空间融为一体的地方。”that引导的定语从句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，定语从句修饰先行词places，that代替places在从句中作主语，be动词用are。故填are。 9．考查形容词。句意：他的作品可能为如何在一个快速发展的城市时代面对城市化的挑战提供有影响力的线索。此处修饰名词clues，应用形容词impactful“有影响力的”，作定语。故填impactful。 10．考查连词。句意：除了用建筑创造社区、保护美学背景以及将景观融入乡村和城市环境之外，刘家琨的项目还创造了光、影和材料之间的诗意互动。create the community，protect aesthetic (美学的) context和integrate landscapes into rural and urban surroundings为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 Passage 4 【新情境·歌剧《乡村骑士》】（2026·河南开封高级中学调研） For director Lin Mei, staging Cavalleria Rusticana in the town of Taormina — which has a rich history and amazing landscapes — meant more than a geographical return to the opera’s Sicilian roots. It was also a spiritual echo (合奏) of the ancient themes 1 run through Mascagni’s 19th-century tragedy (悲剧). “The opera’s focus — its burning passions — connects 2 (direct) to the universal themes of Greek tragedy,” Lin says. She used the theater 3 (create) an engaging experience. In the opening, Alessandro Fantoni sang beside the audience with only an instrument for accompaniment, his voice combined with the moonlit sea beyond. Later, during the famous Intermezzo Sinfonico, choristers 4 (carry) candles slowly lighted the darkness as soprano (女高音) Leyla Martinucci, who plays the role of Santuzza, processed through the ancient ruins. Traditionally, Santuzza 5 (describe) as an abandoned lover. Lin rejected this, instead grounding her actions in Sicily’s 19th-century social and 6 (religion) context. She guided Martinucci to act Santuzza not only as suffering but also as once joyfully in love, with moments of delicate tenderness surfacing deep hopelessness. Working with 7 all-Italian cast, orchestra and chorus, Lin faces the challenge of cultural 8 (barrier) and the rigid framework of opera itself. Unlike spoken drama, opera leaves little 9 (flexible). “An opera director is like an interpreter dancing in chains,” she says. “All inventions must begin with respect 10 the music’s structure.” Her cooperation with conductor Salvo Miraglia achieved this balance. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．directly 3．to create 4．carrying 5．was described 6．religious 7．an 8．barriers 9．flexibility 10．for 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了导演林梅在陶尔米纳镇上演歌剧《乡村骑士》的创作理念及挑战。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这也是对贯穿马斯卡尼19世纪悲剧的古老主题的精神呼应。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词themes，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 2．考查副词。句意：歌剧的焦点——它炽热的激情——直接与希腊悲剧的普遍主题相连。空处修饰动词connects，用副词形式directly“直接地”，作状语。故填directly。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她利用剧院创造了一种引人入胜的体验。本句已有谓语动词used，create应该用非谓语动词形式，此处表示目的，应该用不定式to create作目的状语。故填to create。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，在著名的《交响间奏曲》中，合唱团成员手持蜡烛，随着扮演桑图扎的女高音莱拉·马蒂努奇穿过古老的废墟，慢慢地照亮了黑暗。本句已有谓语动词lighted，空格处应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语choristers之间是主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语。故填carrying。 5．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：传统上，桑图扎被描述为一个被遗弃的情人。根据Traditionally和后一个句子的rejected可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语Santuzza和describe之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Santuzza是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was described。 6．考查形容词。句意：林拒绝了这一点，而是将她的行为植根于19世纪西西里岛的社会和宗教背景中。空处和social并列，修饰名词context，用形容词形式religious“宗教的”。故填religious。 7．考查冠词。句意：与一个全意大利的演员、乐队和合唱团合作，林梅面临着文化障碍和歌剧本身僵化框架的挑战。此处表示泛指“一个全意大利的演员、乐队和合唱团”，所以应该用不定冠词修饰，all是以元音音素开头的单词，所以应该用an。故填an。 8．考查名词复数。句意同上。barrier是可数名词，此处表示不止一个障碍，所以应该用复数形式。故填barriers。 9．考查名词。句意：与戏剧不同，歌剧几乎没有灵活性。空处作leave的宾语，应该用名词形式flexibility“灵活性”，不可数名词。故填flexibility。 10．考查介词。句意：所有的发明都必须从尊重音乐的结构开始。respect for是固定短语，意为“对……的尊重”，for为介词。故填for。 Passage 5 【新情境·机器人厨师】（2026·湖北宜昌市调研） On December 18, 2025, a significant news conference was held in Beijing, during which the city announced that official work permits had been issued to robot chefs, allowing them to prepare meals in public areas. This move marks a pioneering step taken by the government 1 (integrate) automation into the daily culinary (烹饪的) experiences of citizens and tourists. So far, 304 cultural and tourism sites, including parks, museums, and subway stations, 2 (obtain) video business licenses for robot chef services. These robots operate within small food stands designed to offer convenient meals to visitors. One key reason behind this policy is to ensure 3 robot chefs follow all relevant food regulations strictly, meaning they must maintain cleanliness and 4 (safe) standards just as human cooks do. The initiative aims to standardize 5 watch over the use of robotic technology in the food service sector. Capable of working 6 fatigue (疲劳), robot chefs can produce simple dishes such as noodles, rice, and snacks — 7 particular advantage in crowded public spaces where demand for quick meals is high. However, human staff remain responsible for monitoring the robots and checking the quality of the food 8 (serve). As one of the first cities in China carrying out such a program, Beijing hopes this 9 (innovate) will make dining in public locations more convenient and safer, 10 (reflect) a broader effort to combine technological advancement with everyday urban life. 【答案】 1．to integrate 2．have obtained 3．that 4．safety 5．and 6．without 7．a 8．served 9．innovation 10．reflecting 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2025年12月北京率先为机器人厨师颁发正式工作许可证、允许其在公共场所提供餐饮服务的相关政策。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：此举标志着政府迈出了开创性一步，将自动化融入市民和游客的日常烹饪体验。固定搭配take a step to do sth.表示“采取措施做某事”，此处用不定式to integrate，故填to integrate。 2．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，包括公园、博物馆和地铁站在内的304个文化旅游场所，已获得机器人厨师服务的视频经营许可证。时间状语so far是现在完成时的标志，主语为复数，助动词用have，故填have obtained。 3．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：这项政策背后的一个关键原因是确保机器人厨师严格遵守所有相关食品法规。ensure后为宾语从句，从句结构完整、语义完整，用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 4．考查名词。句意：这意味着它们必须像人类厨师一样保持清洁和安全标准。and连接并列结构，前面是名词cleanliness，此处也应用名词safety“安全”，作定语。故填safety。 5．考查连词。句意：该举措旨在规范并监督食品服务行业机器人技术的使用。standardize和watch over为并列谓语，用并列连词and连接，故填and。 6．考查介词。句意：机器人厨师能够不知疲倦地工作，可以制作面条、米饭和小吃等简单菜肴。根据语境“没有疲劳”，用介词without表示“没有”，后接名词fatigue，故填without。 7．考查冠词。句意：这在拥挤的公共场所是一个特别的优势，那里对快餐的需求很高。advantage为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个优势”，particular以辅音音素开头，故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：不过，工作人员仍负责监控机器人并检查所供应食物的质量。food与serve之间为被动关系，表示“被供应的食物”，用过去分词作后置定语，故填served。 9．考查名词。句意：作为中国首批实施该项目的城市之一，北京希望这项创新能让公共场所用餐更方便、更安全。this后接名词，innovate的名词形式是innovation，意为“创新”，作主语，故填innovation。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这反映了将技术进步与日常城市生活相结合的更广泛努力。此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，与主句主语构成主动关系，用现在分词reflecting，故填reflecting。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：不定式作定语，不定式作状语，不定式作宾语及宾补，不定式作主语和表语，不定式是完成式，不定式的被动式，不定式的进行式，不定式的特殊结构 1.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 【答案】 to benefit 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 2.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 【答案】to teach 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 3.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】 to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 4.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 【答案】 to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 5.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 【答案】To strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 6.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 【答案】how 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 7.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 【答案】to continue 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 8.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 【答案】 to journey 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 9.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 【答案】to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 10.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 【答案】 to do 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 11.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need _______ (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】 to invest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。 12.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 【答案】 to educate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，__________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 13.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over _________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 【答案】to plant 【解析】考查非谓语动词。考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝•托德•华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 14.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 【答案】to have 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 15.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 【答案】 to care 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。 16.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 【答案】to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 17. (2018浙江) I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 【答案】visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。remember doing表示“记住做过某事”；remember to do表示“记住去做某事（未做）”。结合语境这里是前者，故答案是visiting。 18. (2015四川)--Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it. 【答案】 to lock 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在离开办公室之前我记着去关门（未做），但是忘记去关灯了（未关）。故答案是to lock。 19. (2015陕西) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __________ all the people who had helped in her career. 【答案】to thank 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，安妮．本尼迪克继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。故答案是to thank。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $