衔接点10 原因、条件、方式状语从句（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

衔接点10 原因、条件、方式状语从句 初中视角 高中展望 初中英语的学习重点是掌握基本的语法结构和用法，以及要掌握常见引导词（如 because、since、as、 if、unless、as、as if、as though 等）的用法及区别，如何在语境中使用。 高中英语中，原因、条件和方式状语从句的使用更加复杂和多样，能够将状语从句与其他类型的从句（如定语从句、名词性从句等）结合使用，构建复杂而精的句子结构。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 原因状语从句 通常由because, since, as等连词引导。I didn't go to the party because I was tired. 1．I am very happy ________ I have made a difference to someone else’s life. A．unless B．because C．until D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很开心，因为我对别人的生活产生了影响。 unless除非；because因为；until直到；though虽然。根据“I am very happy”与“I have made a difference to someone else’s life”之间的逻辑关系可知，后者是前者开心的原因，应使用表示原因的连词because引导原因状语从句。 2．—Yes, Mr Smith, everybody is here. —________ everybody is here, let’s begin our class. A．Because B．Whether C．When D．Since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——是的，史密斯先生，大家都到了。——既然大家都到了，让我们开始上课吧。 Because因为；Whether是否；When当……时候；Since既然。根据上文“Yes, Mr Smith, everybody is here.”可知，人员到齐是既定事实，此处表示基于已知事实提出建议，Since符合语境，意为“既然”。 3．________ you’ve cleaned up, you’d better go to bed right now. A．So that B．Because of C．Now that D．So 【答案】C 【详解】句意：既然你已经打扫干净了，你最好现在就去睡觉。 考查原因状语从句的连接词。So that以便，为了，引导目的状语从句；Because of因为，由于，后跟名词、代词或动名词；Now that既然，由于，引导原因状语从句，主从句因果关系不强，且有时间先后关系；So所以，引导结果状语从句。根据分析句子“…you’ve cleaned up, you’d better go to bed right now.”可知，前后构成因果关系，所以此处应该用Now that引导原因状语从句。故选C。 4．Museums are becoming more popular ________ people want to learn more about culture and history. A．as B．unless C．until D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：博物馆越来越受欢迎，因为人们想了解更多的文化和历史。 as因为；unless除非；until直到；although尽管。根据“Museums are becoming more popular”和“people want to learn more about culture and history”可知，前后句为因果关系，应填as。 5．________ many students showed interest in the robot club, the school decided to open more classes. A．Unless B．Though C．Because D．Until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为许多学生对机器人俱乐部表现出兴趣，学校决定开设更多的课程。 Unless除非；Though虽然；Because因为；Until直到。根据句意可知，前半句“学生表现出兴趣”是后半句“学校决定开课”的原因，前后句构成因果关系，应用Because引导。 考点2 条件状语从句 由if, unless等连词引导，表示某个动作或状态发生的条件。If it rains, we will cancel the picnic. 6．Keep moving forward step by step, and you will succeed ________ you never give up. A．as long as B．even though C．as if D．so that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一步一步继续前进，只要你永不放弃，你就会成功。 as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；as if好像，引导方式状语从句；so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据“and you will succeed…you never give up.”可知，后半句是前半句的条件，表示“只要”。应填as long as。 7．Come on! You’ll discover a new side of yourself ________ you get through the hard time. A．once B．as if C．unless D．even though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：加油！一旦你度过这段艰难时光，你会发现自己全新的一面。 once一旦；as if好像；unless除非；even though即使。根据“You’ll discover a new side of yourself...you get through the hard time.”可知，此处表示条件关系，意为“一旦度过艰难时光”，once符合语境。 8．You will fall behind others ________ you keep working hard from now on. A．if B．since C．when D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非你从现在开始坚持努力工作，否则你会落后于他人。 if如果；since自从；既然；when当……时候；unless除非；如果不。根据句意可知，后半句“坚持努力工作”是避免前半句“落后于他人”的条件，unless意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。应填unless。 9．We can save much labour ________ smart robots appear in daily life. A．because B．though C．if D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果智能机器人出现在日常生活中，我们可以节省很多劳动力。 because因为，引导原因状语从句；though虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句。分析句子可知，“smart robots appear in daily life（智能机器人出现在日常生活中）”是一种条件，“We can save much labour（我们可以节省很多劳动力）”是在这种条件下产生的结果，即此处需要if引导的条件状语从句，故C项符合语境。 10．—I want to be an astronaut some day. But it seems impossible. —I am sure your dream must come true ________ you work hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as much as D．as well as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想有一天成为一名宇航员。但这似乎不可能。——我相信只要你努力，你的梦想一定会实现。 as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as much as多达；as well as以及。后半句“你努力”是前半句“梦想实现”的条件，表示“只要”，应该用as long as引导条件状语从句。 考点3 方式状语从句 通常由as, like, as if等连词引导，描述动作或状态的方式。She sings as if she were a professional. 11．—Please review the language points in your notebook as much as possible, or you may make the same mistakes. —Thanks, Mr. Green. I will do ________ you told me. A．if B．as C．when D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——请尽可能多地复习你笔记本上的语言要点，否则你可能会犯同样的错误。——谢谢，格林先生。我会照你说的去做。 考查连词辨析。if如果；as正如，照……方式；when当……时；until直到。根据“I will do…you told me.”可知，此处指会按照上文格林先生提出的建议复习要点，故用as连接，引导方式状语从句。故选B。 12．The scientist explained the difficult knowledge about space to children ________ it were a funny story, making them fall in love with science. A．in case B．even though C．now that D．as if 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家向孩子们解释难懂的太空知识，好像它是一个有趣的故事一样，使他们爱上了科学。 in case以免；even though即使；now that既然；as if好像。根据从句中“it were a funny story”使用了虚拟语气were，可知此处表示“仿佛、好像”之意，科学家将知识比喻成故事，as if引导方式状语从句符合语境。所以选D。 13．The scientist explained the difficult space knowledge to children ________ it were a funny story, making them fall in love with science. A．in case B．even though C．now that D．as if 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家向孩子们解释难懂的太空知识，好像它是一个有趣的故事一样，使他们爱上了科学。 in case以免；even though即使；now that既然；as if好像。根据“it were a funny story”可知，科学家把难懂的知识讲得“好像”是有趣的故事，这是一种比喻的说法，且句中使用了虚拟语气“were”，符合as if的用法。 14．Only empty cups can hold most water, so learn ________ you knew nothing. A．rather than B．as if C．ever since D．so that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只有空杯子才能装最多的水，所以学习时要好像你一无所知一样。 rather than而不是；as if好像；ever since从那时起；so that以便。根据“Only empty cups can hold most water”可知，此处强调要保持谦虚的空杯心态。结合语境，学习时应保持一种仿佛自己一无所知的状态，as if引导方式状语从句，符合句意逻辑。 15．The VR experience made me feel ________ I was really walking through an ancient tomb. A．even if B．as if C．so that D．in order that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虚拟现实体验让我感觉好像我真的穿过一座古墓。 考查连词短语辨析。even if即使；as if好像；so that以便；in order that为了。根据“The VR experience made me feel…I was really walking through an ancient tomb.”可知，虚拟现实体验让人有好像真的在穿过古墓的感觉。故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句的分类：在英语中，状语从句可以分为九大类。时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句。（即：时条原目结让比地方） · 原因状语从句： 除了使用because, since, as等基本连词外，还要掌握如now that, seeing that, considering that等较为复杂的表达。 · 条件状语从句： 掌握不同类型的条件句，包括真实条件句（使用if, unless, as long as等）和非真实条件句（使用if only, were it not for等）。 理解和使用虚拟语气在条件状语从句中，尤其是在非真实条件句中。 · 方式状语从句： 除了使用as, like等基本连词外，还要掌握如as though, as if等更复杂的表达方式。能够使用方式状语从句来表达比喻或假设的情况。 · 时态的多样性及省略结构： 在条件状语从句中，除了使用现在时表示将来，还要能够理解和使用过去时和过去完成时来表示与现在或过去事实相反的假设情况。掌握在更复杂的句子结构中使用省略，包括在含有多个从句的句子中识别和应用省略。 考点清单 ▇一、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because（因为）, as（由于，因为）, since, now that, when（既然）, considering that（考虑到）, seeing that（由于，鉴于）, in that（因为）等。 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 1.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs. 博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 2.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else. 既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 3.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 4.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now that you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young. 鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 ▇二、条件状语从句 条件状语从句引导词：if（注意主将从现）, unless=if not, providing/provided that=if, as (so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, 条件状语从句可以位于主句前面或后面。 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 1.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 2.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 3.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 ▇三、方式状语从句 方式状语从句一般由as（正如；按照）, as if/as though（好像）, the way等引导。 1.as 和just as引导方式状语从句 这两个连词的意思是“如…，犹如…，正如…”（in the same manner that）。just as 比as的强调性更强。 You must do everything as I do.你们要照我这样去做。 Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样，空气是气体中最重要的一种。 2.as if 和as though引导方式状语从句 as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况；也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。 He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢，好像腿受了伤。 She speaks English as if she were a native speaker.她讲英语俨然像专家。 注意：在It looks as if...,It seems as if...句型中常用陈述语气。 It looks as if it is going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨。 3.the way引导方式状语从句 the way它的作用相当于the manner，后面的引导词常用that引导方式状语，而且经常省略。此时，一般不用in which引导。 We didn't like the way that he treated us. 我不喜欢他对待我们的方式。 一、单句语法填空 1．The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space they do from the earth. 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：正因为没有空，所以星星在太空中不像地球上看它们时那样闪闪发亮。分析句子可知，空处为连词as，表示“像”，引导方式状语从句。故填as。 2．Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind they had just happened. 【答案】 as if/though 【详解】考查连词。句意：童年的每一件事都涌上我的心头，好像刚刚发生似的。童年的事情不可能是刚刚发生，因此句子是虚拟语气，空格处意为“好像，似乎”，是方式状语as if/as though。故填as，if/though。 3．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life you are. 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：他们在生活中面临着和你一样的挑战和问题。the same… as…意为“与……一样/同样”，as是连词引导的方式状语从句，意为“像，正如”，后接省略句you are。故填as。 4．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 【答案】if 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你能照顾我的孩子，我会很感激的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是条件，意为“如果”符合句意。故填if。 5． an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones. 【答案】When/Once/If/After 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当/如果/一旦/地震发生时（地震发生后），传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲，然后发送到普通人的智能手机上。由“the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones”可知，句子表示“当/如果/一旦/地震发生时（地震发生后），传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲，然后发送到普通人的智能手机上”，空格处意为“当/一旦/如果/在……之后”，需用when/once/if/after，when/after引导时间状语从句，once/if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When/Once/If/After。 6．You can write anything relevant long as it’s interesting. 【答案】as 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：你可以写任何相关的东西，只要有趣就行。根据“long as it’s interesting”以及空前为肯定句可推知，此处用固定短语as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。故填as。 7．A small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space for baggage. 【答案】unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：一辆小车对一个三口之家来说足够大了，除非你需要更大的空间放行李。根据句意可知，此处应用连词unless“除非，如果不”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 8． you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time. 【答案】Unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：除非你打电话告诉我你不来了，否则我们就在上次见面的地方见。由“you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time”可知，句子表示“除非你打电话告诉我你不来了，否则我们就在上次见面的地方见”，空格处意为“除非”，用unless，引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Unless。 9． you are addicted to computer games, it’s hard for you to focus your mind on your study. 【答案】Once/If 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦/如果你沉迷于电脑游戏，你就很难集中精力学习。根据句意，“沉迷于电脑游戏”是“难集中精力学习”的条件，用从属连词once或者if引导条件状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填Once或If。 10．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：许多学生在考试中简单地丢了分，因为他们没有仔细阅读问题。分析句子结构和意思可知，两个句子之间是因果关系，第二句是原因，故用连词because。故填because。 11．______ technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar. A．Until B．Unless C．Although D．Since 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：由于科技使交流变得更快、更容易，人们可以与远方的亲人保持联系。A. Until直到；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；虽然；D. Since因为；自从。由句意及空后的technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar可知人们可以与远方的亲人保持联系的原因是因为科技使交流变得更快、更容易了，此处为原因状语从句，应用引导词since，故选D项。 12．______ you’ve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it. A．Now that B．As soon as C．Although D．After 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：既然你有了这个机会，你不妨充分利用它。A. Now that既然；B. As soon as一旦；C. Although虽然；D. After在……之后。“you might as well make full use of it (你不妨充分利用它)”是建立在“you’ve got the chance (你有了这个机会)”发生的情况之上的，因此用Now that“既然”引导原因状语从句，表达一个情况或条件已经发生或存在，从而引出接下来的结果或影响。故选A。 13．Our president always says, “Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true ______ you always follow your heart.” A．so that B．as well as C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】D 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：我们的主席常说：“只要始终追随内心，人人都能获得幸福，梦想终会成真。”A. so that以便(引导目的状语从句)；B. as well as和(表并列，无法连接句子)；C. as soon as一……就……(引导时间状语从句)；D. as long as只要(引导条件状语从句)。空格后的部分是获得幸福和梦想成真的条件，应该用as long as引导。故选D项。 14．You’d better take an umbrella with you when you go out today ________ it rains later as the weather forecast says there is a possibility of rain. A．so that B．even if C．in case of D．in case 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词辨析和介词短语。句意：你外出时最好带把伞以防下雨，因为天气预报说有可能降雨。A. so that以至于；B. even if即使；C. in case of万一；D. in case以防，万一。分析句子可知，空格前后都为完整的句子，空格处需要连词衔接前后句，C项in case of为介词短语，后面不能接句子，此处引导条件状语从句，需用in case。故选D项。 15．________ you decide to work on this project, it is expected that you will see it through to the end. A．Unless B．Why C．Where D．Once 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦你决定从事这个项目，你就应该把它坚持到底。A. Unless除非；B. Why为什么；C. Where 在……地方；D. Once一旦。结合句意，此处表示“一旦”，所以使用once引导的条件状语从句。故选D项。 二、完成句子翻译 1．He looked at me I were mad. (根据句意填空) 【答案】as if 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他看着我，好像我疯了似的。“I were mad”作方式状语，用从属连词as if引导，意为“好像，仿佛”。故填as if。 2．她按照医生的吩咐卧床休息来接受治疗。 She stayed in bed to accept the treatment. 【答案】as the doctor had told her 【详解】考查名词、动词和方式状语从句。对比中英文可知，空处表示“按照医生的吩咐”，即“按照医生吩咐她的”，可用意为“按照”的从属连词as引导方式状语从句，结合“stayed”可知，从句描述的行为发生在过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时，从句的主语“医生”用名词the doctor，谓语“吩咐”可用动词had told，宾语“她”用代词her。故填as the doctor had told her。 3． it rains, please take your umbrella. 万一下雨，请带上你的伞。 【答案】In case 【详解】考查条件状语从句。由句意及空后的it rains可知，设空处应填表示“万一”的连词in case，来引导条件状语从句，并且在句首，应该大写首字母。故填 In case。 4．You can write anything relevant it’s interesting and informative. 你可以写任何相关的内容，只要是有趣的和增长知识的。 【答案】as long as 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“只要”应用固定短语as long as，引导条件状语从句，故填as long as。 5． (既然) I am free, I can enjoy music for a while. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 Now that 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：既然现在我有空了，那么我可以享受一会儿音乐。“既然”为固定搭配now that，引导状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，故填Now that。 6．阅读很重要，因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句) Reading is very important . 【答案】as it can increase our vocabulary and broaden our knowledge 【详解】考查as引导原因状语从句。句意：主语“它”为“it ”，指代reading，“能”为“can”，“增加”为“ increase”，“我们的词汇量”为“our vocabulary”，“并”为“and”，“拓宽”为“broaden”，“我们的知识面”为“our knowledge”，使用as引导原因状语从句，故填as it can increase our vocabulary and broaden our knowledge。 7． (由于我们无事可做), we felt pretty bored.(根据汉语提示补全句子) 【答案】As we had nothing else to do 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：由于我们无事可做，我们感到很烦。根据后文felt可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，表示“我们无事可做”为we had nothing else to do，else用于nothing之后，表示“其他的，另外的”，不定式to do作后置定语；由as引导为原因状语从句。句首字母大写，故填As we had nothing else to do。 8．如果对它感兴趣，你可以给我发送电子邮件。（状语从句的省略） , you can send an email to me. 【答案】If interested in it 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据句意和提示可知，此处使用状语从句的省略，根据句意，表示“如果”应为if，表示“对……感兴趣”应为be interested in，表示“它”应为it作宾语，结合句意，在条件状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词，可以省略“主语+be”，此处为you are，所以，表示“如果对它感兴趣”应为if interested in it，位于句首，if的首字母需大写。故填If interested in it。 9．如有必要，你可以查阅字典。 You can refer to a dictionary necessary . 【答案】if (it is) 【详解】考查状语从句（省略）。根据句意，表示“如有必要”应为if it is necessary，从句主语为it，且从句的谓语为be动词时，it is可以省略，结合句意，该句描述的为客观情况，所以此处使用一般现在时。故填if (it is)。 10．听说你考试没考好，感觉好像到了世界末日，我很难过。(as if引导方式状语从句) I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you feel . 【答案】as if it were the end of the world 【详解】考查as if引导方式状语从句的虚拟。as if引导方式状语从句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，谓语为一般过去时，be动词为were。感觉好像到了世界末日as if it were the end of the world。故填as if it were the end of the world。 一、语篇语法填空（原因、条件、方式状语从句专练） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I choose to volunteer in the community 1.________ I want to give warmth to lonely elderly people. I will stick to the volunteer work 2.________ ________ ________ I have spare time every weekend. I act 3.________ my grandma taught me to treat the old with patience. 4.________ I finish all my school tasks ahead of time, I will rush to the community center. The elderly like chatting with me 5.________ they feel less lonely staying with me. I behave 6.________ ________ I were their own grandkid to make them happy. I will never give up volunteering 7.________ I meet some tiny troubles. 8.________ ________ the community needs more helpers, I will call my classmates to join me. I cherish this volunteer job deeply 9.________ it fills my daily life with happiness. I do everything 10.________ ________ the old people feel comfortable and respected. 一、答案 1.because 2. as long as 3. as 4. If 5. since 6. as if 7. unless 8. Now that 9. as 10. as though 二、文章大意 我选择在社区做志愿者，因为我想给独居老人带去温暖。只要我周末有空，我就会坚持这份志愿工作。我按照奶奶教我的那样，耐心对待老人。 如果我提前完成所有课业，我就会赶往社区服务中心。老人们愿意和我聊天，因为和我相伴他们不会那么孤单。我表现得仿佛我是他们的孙辈，以此哄他们开心。 除非遇到棘手的小麻烦，否则我永远不会放弃志愿活动。既然社区需要更多帮手，我就会号召同学们一同参与。我十分珍惜这份志愿工作，因为它让我的生活充满快乐。我做所有事都好似处处顾及老人，让他们舒心自在、备受尊重。 三、逐空详细解析 1. because 语法：原因状语从句基础引导词，侧重直接客观原因，高考必考。 句意：我选择在社区做志愿者，因为我想给独居老人带去温暖。 2. as long as（三词，三处横线） 语法：条件状语从句三词复合连词，意为 “只要”，表充分条件，高频考点。 句意：只要我周末有空，我就会坚持这份志愿工作。 3. as 语法：方式状语从句引导词，意为 “按照、如同”，描述行为方式。 句意：我按照奶奶教我的那样，耐心对待老人。 4. If 语法：条件状语从句基础连词，引导真实条件句 “如果”，替换原争议时间连词 as soon as，纯条件考点。 句意：如果我提前完成所有课业，我就会赶往社区服务中心。 5. since 语法：原因状语从句引导词，侧重显而易见、双方已知的原因，译为 “因为；既然”。 句意：老人们愿意和我聊天，因为和我相伴他们不会那么孤单。 6. as if（两词，两处横线） 语法：方式状语从句双词连词，意为 “仿佛、好像”，常搭配虚拟语气。 句意：我表现得仿佛我是他们的孙辈，以此哄他们开心。 7. unless 语法：条件状语从句否定类引导词，意为 “除非，如果不”，高考核心难点。 句意：除非遇到棘手的小麻烦，否则我永远不会放弃志愿活动。 8. Now that（两词，两处横线） 语法：原因状语从句双词复合连词，意为 “既然”，课标明确考点。 句意：既然社区需要更多帮手，我就会号召同学们一同参与。 9. as 语法：原因状语从句引导词，侧重附带、次要原因，高考标准考法，替换超纲 considering that，无争议。 句意：我十分珍惜这份志愿工作，因为它让我的生活充满快乐。 10. as though（两词，两处横线） 语法：方式状语从句双词连词，与 as if 同义，丰富方式从句考点，意为 “好似、仿佛”。 句意：我做所有事都好似处处顾及老人，让他们舒心自在、备受尊重。 二、阅读理解 A Alex Elman runs a big business --- something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success. Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard Massachusetts in 1981. It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from Juvenile diabetes (青少年糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place, to me, that was the safest place in the world.” Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing collection of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn’t work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine taster, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe. At first, Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog. Now it’s hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said, “When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he’ll actually go in and sniff it. If it’s not right, he’ll turn his head away … He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic, that there are no chemicals.” Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.” 1．From Para. 2, we know that Elman ________. A．got through her hard days in the vineyard B．liked playing hide-and-seek during her childhood C．suffered from Juvenile diabetes from 27 years old D．lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981 2．Whenever Elman couldn’t judge the wine exactly, she would ________. A．make Hanley drink it B．turn to Hanley for advice C．order Hanley to head away D．have another taste herself 3．The underlined phrase “the broken hang nail (para. 5) probably refers to ________. A．a nail which is of no use B．a disadvantage you have in your life C．a person who is hard to deal with D．a take that is not easy to accomplish 4．This passage mainly tells us that ________. A．there is no royal road to success B．a single tree does not make a forest C．the eye is blind if the mind is absent D．when life gives you lemons, make lemonade 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述失明的埃尔曼并没有因为失明而消沉，失明反而帮助她专注于寻找成功的故事告诉我们，当在生活中遇到困难时，要迎难而上，换个角度去解决问题，最后就会获得成功。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard Massachusetts in 1981. It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. (埃尔曼的父亲1981年在马萨诸塞州种植了一个山坡葡萄园。这是埃尔曼一生中最黑暗的时期逃离的地方。)”可知，埃尔曼在葡萄园度过她一生中最黑暗的时期。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he’ll actually go in and sniff it. If it’s not right, he’ll turn his head away … He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic, that there are no chemicals. (当有人告诉我某些东西是有机的，我不是真的相信，因为我在上面尝到了一些奇怪的味道，我会把它放在他的脸上，如果他喜欢葡萄酒，他会进去闻一闻。如果不对，他会把头转向别处……他会和我一起钻进泥土里。他会四处抓挠。他确保我们看到蚯蚓和蝴蝶。这就是为什么我们知道土壤实际上是有机的，没有化学物质。)”可知，每当埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒时，她就会向她的狗Hanley寻求帮助。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.”(埃尔曼告诉CBS新闻，她认为视力丧失是一种天赋。她说，“这让我注意到我认为重要的事情，也让我能够告诉人们，the broken hang nail没什么大不了的，你知道我的意思吗？不要为小事担心。也不要为大事担心。”)”可知，埃尔曼丧失了视力，这是她的不足之处，所以the broken hang nail是指生活中的劣势，和选项B意思一致。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Alex Elman runs a big business --- something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success. (亚历克斯·埃尔曼经营着一家大公司——这是她在20多岁时失明后难以想象的事情。但埃尔曼说，失明帮助她专注于寻找成功。)”和最后一段“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.”(埃尔曼告诉CBS新闻，她认为视力丧失是一种天赋。她说，“这让我注意到我认为重要的事情，也让我能够告诉人们，断裂的挂钉没什么大不了的，你知道我的意思吗？不要为小事担心。也不要为大事担心。”)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述失明的埃尔曼并没有因为失明而消沉，失明反而帮助她专注于寻找成功的故事。结合选项A.there is no royal road to success通往成功没有平坦的道路；B.a single tree does not make a forest独木不成林；C.the eye is blind if the mind is absent心不专则眼不明；D.when life gives you lemons, make lemonade当生活给你柠檬时,你就做成柠檬汁，故D项符合题意，故选D。 B COURSE: History 101 “Introduction to American History” INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Jane Klammer OFFICE: 305 Marshall Hall OFFICE HOURS: 11:15-12:30 M W F (Monday Wednesday Friday) CLASS: 363 Marshall Hall 3:35-5:00 T Th (Tuesday Thursday) 10:10-11:00 M W F Other times by appointment TELEPHONE: 255-4786 TEXTBOOK: Green, Robert P, The American Tradition: A History of the United States. Charles E. Merrill publishing Co. Columbus, Ohio 1984, which is available at the College Bookstore. COURSE Requirements: mid-term exam: October 10 20% of the final grade final exam: December 10 40% of the final grade term paper due: December 15 40% of the final grade Attendance is not required, but you are responsible for all the information given in the class lectures. In the lectures, I will talk about the chapters in the textbook and other material that I choose to supplement the course. The exams will cover all this information. Therefore, I advise you to come to the class as much as possible. If you have to miss a class, be sure to get the class notes from another student. Your homework assignments are listed on the next page. You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to class. This is to make sure that you understand as much as possible while taking notes in my lectures. Be prepared when you come to class. If there are any changes in the assigned homework reading, I will announce in class. The term paper is 40% of your final grade. It should not exceed fifteen pages. (Anyone thinking of majoring in history may write twenty-five pages.) Before the mid-term exam you will choose the topic for your paper. Have a good term! 5．If a student wants to know what the homework assignments are, ______. A．Prof. Klammer announces them in class B．the student reads the list on the next page C．Prof. Klammer gives a list every week D．The student goes to the professor's office 6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．The textbook is written by Dr. Jane Klammer. B．If you miss a class, be sure to say sorry to Prof. Klammer. C．Prof. Klammer advises her students to preview the chapters to be covered in class. D．The students can buy “Introduction to American History” at the College Bookstore. 7．If Amber Chen, a freshman, thinks that she might major in history, what is the maximum length of her paper can be? A．Fifteen pages. B．Twenty-five pages. C．Ten pages. D．No maximum. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国历史入门课程的相关信息及要求 。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Your homework assignments are listed on the next page.(你的家庭作业列在下一页。)”可知，如果学生想知道家庭作业是什么，可以阅读下一页的列表。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to class. This is to make sure that you understand as much as possible while taking notes in my lectures.(你应该在上课前阅读我将要讲授的章节。这是为了确保你在听我的讲座做笔记时能尽可能多地理解。)”可知，Klammer教授建议学生预习课堂上要讲的内容。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The term paper is 40% of your final grade. It should not exceed fifteen pages. (Anyone thinking of majoring in history may write twenty-five pages.)(学期论文占期末成绩的40%。它不应超过十五页。（任何想主修历史的人可以写二十五页。）)”可知，如果Amber Chen想主修历史，她的论文最长可以是二十五页。故选B。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点10 原因、条件、方式状语从句 初中视角 高中展望 初中英语的学习重点是掌握基本的语法结构和用法，以及要掌握常见引导词（如 because、since、as、 if、unless、as、as if、as though 等）的用法及区别，如何在语境中使用。 高中英语中，原因、条件和方式状语从句的使用更加复杂和多样，能够将状语从句与其他类型的从句（如定语从句、名词性从句等）结合使用，构建复杂而精的句子结构。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 原因状语从句 通常由because, since, as等连词引导。I didn't go to the party because I was tired. 1．I am very happy ________ I have made a difference to someone else’s life. A．unless B．because C．until D．though 2．—Yes, Mr Smith, everybody is here. —________ everybody is here, let’s begin our class. A．Because B．Whether C．When D．Since 3．________ you’ve cleaned up, you’d better go to bed right now. A．So that B．Because of C．Now that D．So 4．Museums are becoming more popular ________ people want to learn more about culture and history. A．as B．unless C．until D．although 5．________ many students showed interest in the robot club, the school decided to open more classes. A．Unless B．Though C．Because D．Until 考点2 条件状语从句 由if, unless等连词引导，表示某个动作或状态发生的条件。If it rains, we will cancel the picnic. 6．Keep moving forward step by step, and you will succeed ________ you never give up. A．as long as B．even though C．as if D．so that 7．Come on! You’ll discover a new side of yourself ________ you get through the hard time. A．once B．as if C．unless D．even though 8．You will fall behind others ________ you keep working hard from now on. A．if B．since C．when D．unless 9．We can save much labour ________ smart robots appear in daily life. A．because B．though C．if D．until 10．—I want to be an astronaut some day. But it seems impossible. —I am sure your dream must come true ________ you work hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as much as D．as well as 考点3 方式状语从句 通常由as, like, as if等连词引导，描述动作或状态的方式。She sings as if she were a professional. 11．—Please review the language points in your notebook as much as possible, or you may make the same mistakes. —Thanks, Mr. Green. I will do ________ you told me. A．if B．as C．when D．until 12．The scientist explained the difficult knowledge about space to children ________ it were a funny story, making them fall in love with science. A．in case B．even though C．now that D．as if 13．The scientist explained the difficult space knowledge to children ________ it were a funny story, making them fall in love with science. A．in case B．even though C．now that D．as if 14．Only empty cups can hold most water, so learn ________ you knew nothing. A．rather than B．as if C．ever since D．so that 15．The VR experience made me feel ________ I was really walking through an ancient tomb. A．even if B．as if C．so that D．in order that 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句的分类：在英语中，状语从句可以分为九大类。时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句。（即：时条原目结让比地方） · 原因状语从句： 除了使用because, since, as等基本连词外，还要掌握如now that, seeing that, considering that等较为复杂的表达。 · 条件状语从句： 掌握不同类型的条件句，包括真实条件句（使用if, unless, as long as等）和非真实条件句（使用if only, were it not for等）。 理解和使用虚拟语气在条件状语从句中，尤其是在非真实条件句中。 · 方式状语从句： 除了使用as, like等基本连词外，还要掌握如as though, as if等更复杂的表达方式。能够使用方式状语从句来表达比喻或假设的情况。 · 时态的多样性及省略结构： 在条件状语从句中，除了使用现在时表示将来，还要能够理解和使用过去时和过去完成时来表示与现在或过去事实相反的假设情况。掌握在更复杂的句子结构中使用省略，包括在含有多个从句的句子中识别和应用省略。 考点清单 ▇一、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because（因为）, as（由于，因为）, since, now that, when（既然）, considering that（考虑到）, seeing that（由于，鉴于）, in that（因为）等。 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 1.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs. 博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 2.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else. 既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 3.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 4.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now tha you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,onsidering (that) she is very young. 鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 ▇二、条件状语从句 条件状语从句引导词：if（注意主将从现）, unless=if not, providing/provided that=if, as (so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, 条件状语从句可以位于主句前面或后面。 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 1.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 2.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 3.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 ▇三、方式状语从句 方式状语从句一般由as（正如；按照）, as if/as though（好像）, the way等引导。 1.as 和just as引导方式状语从句 这两个连词的意思是“如…，犹如…，正如…”（in the same manner that）。just as 比as的强调性更强。 You must do everything as I do.你们要照我这样去做。 Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样，空气是气体中最重要的一种。 2.as if 和as though引导方式状语从句 as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况；也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。 He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢，好像腿受了伤。 She speaks English as if she were a native speaker.她讲英语俨然像专家。 注意：在It looks as if...,It seems as if...句型中常用陈述语气。 It looks as if it is going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨。 3.the way引导方式状语从句 the way它的作用相当于the manner，后面的引导词常用that引导方式状语，而且经常省略。此时，一般不用in which引导。 We didn't like the way that he treated us. 我不喜欢他对待我们的方式。 一、单句语法填空 1．The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space they do from the earth. 2．Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind they had just happened. 3．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life you are. 4．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 5． an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones. 6．You can write anything relevant long as it’s interesting. 7．A small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space for baggage. 8． you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the same place where we met last time. 9． you are addicted to computer games, it’s hard for you to focus your mind on your study. 10．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. 11．______ technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar. A．Until B．Unless C．Although D．Since 12．______ you’ve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it. A．Now that B．As soon as C．Although D．After 13．Our president always says, “Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true ______ you always follow your heart.” A．so that B．as well as C．as soon as D．as long as 14．You’d better take an umbrella with you when you go out today ________ it rains later as the weather forecast says there is a possibility of rain. A．so that B．even if C．in case of D．in case 15．________ you decide to work on this project, it is expected that you will see it through to the end. A．Unless B．Why C．Where D．Once 二、完成句子翻译 1．He looked at me I were mad. (根据句意填空) 2．她按照医生的吩咐卧床休息来接受治疗。 She stayed in bed to accept the treatment. 3． it rains, please take your umbrella. 万一下雨，请带上你的伞。 4．You can write anything relevant it’s interesting and informative. 你可以写任何相关的内容，只要是有趣的和增长知识的。 5． (既然) I am free, I can enjoy music for a while. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 6．阅读很重要，因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句) Reading is very important . 7． (由于我们无事可做), we felt pretty bored.(根据汉语提示补全句子) 8．如果对它感兴趣，你可以给我发送电子邮件。（状语从句的省略） , you can send an email to me. 9．如有必要，你可以查阅字典。 You can refer to a dictionary necessary . 10．听说你考试没考好，感觉好像到了世界末日，我很难过。(as if引导方式状语从句) I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exam and that you feel . 一、语篇语法填空（原因、条件、方式状语从句专练） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I choose to volunteer in the community 1.________ I want to give warmth to lonely elderly people. I will stick to the volunteer work 2.________ ________ ________ I have spare time every weekend. I act 3.________ my grandma taught me to treat the old with patience. 4.________ I finish all my school tasks ahead of time, I will rush to the community center. The elderly like chatting with me 5.________ they feel less lonely staying with me. I behave 6.________ ________ I were their own grandkid to make them happy. I will never give up volunteering 7.________ I meet some tiny troubles. 8.________ ________ the community needs more helpers, I will call my classmates to join me. I cherish this volunteer job deeply 9.________ it fills my daily life with happiness. I do everything 10.________ ________ the old people feel comfortable and respected. 二、阅读理解 A Alex Elman runs a big business --- something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties. But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success. Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard Massachusetts in 1981. It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life. When she was 27 years old, she went blind due to complications from Juvenile diabetes (青少年糖尿病) 17 years ago. She recalled, “I hid in my home. I hid in the place, to me, that was the safest place in the world.” Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines, a growing collection of organic wines from all around the world: Chianti from Italy, Torrontes from Argentina. Elman doesn’t work alone. Her assistant, a guide dog named Hanley, is something of a wine taster, and quite a beggar. Hanley travels to all the wineries that Elman does, from South America to Europe. At first, Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog. Now it’s hard to imagine her life, or her business, without him. She said, “When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine, he’ll actually go in and sniff it. If it’s not right, he’ll turn his head away … He gets in the dirt with me. He scratches around. He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies. That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic, that there are no chemicals.” Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift. She said, “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal, you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff. Don’t sweat the big stuff either.” 1．From Para. 2, we know that Elman ________. A．got through her hard days in the vineyard B．liked playing hide-and-seek during her childhood C．suffered from Juvenile diabetes from 27 years old D．lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981 2．Whenever Elman couldn’t judge the wine exactly, she would ________. A．make Hanley drink it B．turn to Hanley for advice C．order Hanley to head away D．have another taste herself 3．The underlined phrase “the broken hang nail (para. 5) probably refers to ________. A．a nail which is of no use B．a disadvantage you have in your life C．a person who is hard to deal with D．a take that is not easy to accomplish 4．This passage mainly tells us that ________. A．there is no royal road to success B．a single tree does not make a forest C．the eye is blind if the mind is absent D．when life gives you lemons, make lemonade B COURSE: History 101 “Introduction to American History” INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Jane Klammer OFFICE: 305 Marshall Hall OFFICE HOURS: 11:15-12:30 M W F (Monday Wednesday Friday) CLASS: 363 Marshall Hall 3:35-5:00 T Th (Tuesday Thursday) 10:10-11:00 M W F Other times by appointment TELEPHONE: 255-4786 TEXTBOOK: Green, Robert P, The American Tradition: A History of the United States. Charles E. Merrill publishing Co. Columbus, Ohio 1984, which is available at the College Bookstore. COURSE Requirements: mid-term exam: October 10 20% of the final grade final exam: December 10 40% of the final grade term paper due: December 15 40% of the final grade Attendance is not required, but you are responsible for all the information given in the class lectures. In the lectures, I will talk about the chapters in the textbook and other material that I choose to supplement the course. The exams will cover all this information. Therefore, I advise you to come to the class as much as possible. If you have to miss a class, be sure to get the class notes from another student. Your homework assignments are listed on the next page. You are supposed to read the chapter about which I will be lecturing before you come to class. This is to make sure that you understand as much as possible while taking notes in my lectures. Be prepared when you come to class. If there are any changes in the assigned homework reading, I will announce in class. The term paper is 40% of your final grade. It should not exceed fifteen pages. (Anyone thinking of majoring in history may write twenty-five pages.) Before the mid-term exam you will choose the topic for your paper. Have a good term! 5．If a student wants to know what the homework assignments are, ______. A．Prof. Klammer announces them in class B．the student reads the list on the next page C．Prof. Klammer gives a list every week D．The student goes to the professor's office 6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．The textbook is written by Dr. Jane Klammer. B．If you miss a class, be sure to say sorry to Prof. Klammer. C．Prof. Klammer advises her students to preview the chapters to be covered in class. D．The students can buy “Introduction to American History” at the College Bookstore. 7．If Amber Chen, a freshman, thinks that she might major in history, what is the maximum length of her paper can be? A．Fifteen pages. B．Twenty-five pages. C．Ten pages. D．No maximum. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $