衔接点09 时间、地点、比较状语从句（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

衔接点09 时间、地点、比较状语从句 初中视角 高中展望 初中英语则更侧重于基础结构和规则的理解。如：在时间状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句通常使用现在时表示将来。常见引导词（如 befoe、since、as、 after、until、as soonas、when、where、as...as）用法 高中英语要求学生掌握更复杂的时间、地点和比较状语从句结构，包括使用多个连词或从句的嵌套；教授更多的连词和短语来引导这些从句等。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 时间状语从句 通常由when,before,after,until, since, while, as soon as等连词引导。当主句是一般将来时时, 时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I will go to the park when I finish my homework. 1．Mrs. Green didn’t realize she had lost her purse ________ she got to the checkout counter and tried to pay. A．until B．if C．since D．although 2．Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons ________ the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit. A．so that B．though C．after D．unless 3．________ the chef was cooking in the kitchen, the waiters were setting the tables. A．Since B．When C．While D．As soon as 4．—How long have you lived in Chongqing? —________ I was born. A．After B．Until C．From D．Since 5．You’d better ask your parents for some advice you made the final decision. A．because B．unless C．before D．until 考点2 地点状语从句 由where, wherever引导。例如：I will follow you wherever you go.（无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。） 6．________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 7．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 8． Stay ________ you are. I’ll be back in a minute. A．where B．when C．as D．how 9．—Have you found the lost child? —Not yet. But someone reported to have seen him ________ he used to play a lot. A．because B．which C．where D．when 10．After the war, a new school was put up ________ there had once been a theater. A．that B．where C．which D．when 考点3 比较状语从句 通常由as...as , not as/so...as 等连词引导，或比较级 + than, he + 比较级...the + 比较级...结构表示 “越…… 越……”，用于表达两个动作或状态之间的递进关系。例如：“The harder you work, the more progress you will make.（你越努力，进步就越大。）” 11．It is said that green tea is not as _________ as black tea in Europe. A．popular B．more popular C．the more popular D．the most popular 12．Nowadays online courses are becoming as________ as those learned in classes at school. A．popular B．less popular C．more popular D．most popular 13．Is everything on the moon _______ it is on the earth? A．so light as B．as light as C．as lighter as D．so lighter as 14．— Can Jimmy help us with the problem? — Yes, his promise is ________ gold. Trust him! A．as long as B．as good as C．as well as D．as much as 15．—What do you think of the movie? —It is not ________ interesting ________ I expected. A．as; so B．so; as C．so; that D．so; than 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句的分类：在英语中，状语从句可以分为九大类。时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句。（即：时条原目结让比地方） · 一、时间状语从句 除基础连词 when, while, as, before, after, until, since 外，拓展掌握 the moment, immediately, directly, every time, each time, by the time 等特殊引导词； 核心考点： 1. 时态规则：主将从现、since 从句过去时 / 主句现在完成时、by the time 对应完成时态； 2. when/while/as 辨析（延续 / 短暂动作、同步伴随）； 3. till/until 肯定、否定用法区别； 4. 从句省略结构：主从句主语一致且含 be 动词，可省略主语 + be； 5. before 特殊翻译（还没…… 就、才）。 · 二、地点状语从句 基础引导词 where，拓展 wherever, anywhere, everywhere； 核心考点： 1. where 区分定语从句与地点状语从句（有无先行词）； 2. where 抽象地点用法（表 “…… 的情形 / 地步”，如 Where there is a will, there is a way）； 3. wherever = no matter where 引导让步兼地点含义； 4. 省略结构：主从句主语一致时简化分词结构。 · 三、比较状语从句 基础连词 than, as…as，拓展 the + 比较级…the + 比较级，rather than, more…than, less…than； 核心考点： 1. 原级比较 as…as 否定 not so/as…as； 2. 比较级 than 前后对比对象一致，避免逻辑错误； 3. 倍数表达三种结构（倍数 + as…as / 比较级 + than /the size/length of）； 4. more…than 双重含义：“与其说… 不如说”； 5. 从句省略：前后谓语相同时，省略重复动词，仅保留对比成分； 6. 特殊结构：the more…the more 越…… 越……。 考点清单 ▇ 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 once一旦……就… as soon as一……就…… imediately/instantly一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… no sooner...than...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 1.before 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 2.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 3.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 4.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 =The fans had no soone seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home han it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home hen/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home han it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home hen/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception o`到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 5.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. ▇ 二、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句一般由where，wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。（前面没有相关标示地点的名词，如place） 1.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 2.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. ▇ 三、 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由 as…as（和…… 一样）、not as/so…as（与…… 不一样）、than（比）、the more…, the more…（越…… 越……）引导，有原级、比较级、最高级不同表达形式，如原级用 as...as，not so/as...as；比较级用 more...than；最高级用 the most...in/of... 。 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 几种常见情况及示例 1.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 2.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不）对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样）表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 3.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 一、单句语法填空 1．Friends, which ran for ten seasons from 1994 to 2004, has not become any less popular it went off the air. 2．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 3．The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. 4． my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, something fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from. 5．However, the most amazing thing happened. the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. 6．I wish my house would be built we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers. 7．Mr. Brown said firmly, “I knew I had to go the people were suffering.” 8．I have never seen as beautiful a place you have talked. 9．By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done you anticipated. 10．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny they think they are? 11．You should leave your smartphone behind and just enjoy the get-together ________ you are with your parents and friends. A．whatever B．whoever C．however D．whenever 12．It is 10 years ________ these important environmental problems were addressed, which benefited the entire world. A．since B．after C．before D．when 13．________ they went abroad, the tourists were so curious about everything that they purchased many goods, which made it difficult to control the budget. A．For the first time B．By the first time C．At the first time D．The first time 14．What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is _____ it is long. A．not half as wide as B．half not as wide as C．wide not as half D．as wide as not half 15．As a matter of fact, getting rid of a bad habit is ____________forming a good one. A．an effort much as B．much an effort as C．as an effort much as D．as much an effort as 二、完成句子翻译 1．我第一次到这座小镇就被它的美丽深深吸引了。 , I was deeply attracted by its beauty. 2．你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 You’ve made I have. 3．火柴应该放在小孩够不到的地方。 Matches should be kept . 4．游泳帮助我保持健康和体形。每次游完泳，我都觉得神清气爽，精力充沛。 Swimming helps me stay healthy and in shape. , I feel refreshed and energetic. 5．I knew for sure that (每次我失去耐心的时候) I would remember my grandfather's words. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 6．有志者事竟成。(地点状语从句)(汉译英) 7．过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。(用before 引导的状语从句) (汉译英) 8．我正在看电视的时候我朋友Jack给我打电话了。(汉译英) 一、语篇语法填空（ 时间、地点、比较状语从句专练） I often visit the quiet countryside 1.________ I spent my teenage years. 2.________ the first ray of sunlight appears in the sky, local farmers walk to the farmlands. The fresh air here is much cleaner 3.________ the air in downtown cities. I love standing 4.________ the clear brook runs, listening to soft flowing water. 5.________ ________ ________ I finish my monthly exam, I will drive back to this village. The noisy city is not 6.________ beautiful ________ the countryside. I plan to sit exactly 7.________ we chatted with elderly villagers last summer. The village will become more attractive 8.________ it was five years ago. 9.________ ________ I have free weekends, I stay here for a full day. Few scenic spots are 10.________ warm as this small village to me. 二、阅读理解 A How You Got Your Name Rule 1: The Man Who Was His Address Before he became history’s ultimate genius, the boy from Tuscany was simply “Leonardo, son of Piero, from Vinci.” In an era before standardized surnames, his identity was tied directly to his humble hometown. This practice was common, but his fame immortal (使……不朽) it. Imagine being known not by a family name, but by your neighborhood. The same rule also applies to the celebrated physicist Isaac Newton, whose surname originally referred to someone who lived in a“new town.” Rule 2: The Name That Was a Job Interview Some of the most famous names started as a simple job description. The name Wright (as in the Wright Brothers) was an Old English term for a craftsman or builder. The poet Robert Baker’s ancestor was literally a baker. Even the name Knight (as in Dame Ellen Knight), described a medieval soldier. Your name was your resume, announcing your family’s trade to the world. Rule 3: The Name That Was a Physical Trademark Before family names were fixed, a person’s most distinctive physical feature could become their lasting identifier, passing down through generations. The mighty King of France, Louis VI, was known to his subjects as Louis le Gross-Louis the Fat. This was not an insult (侮辱), but a simple, factual description that distinguished him from other rulers. Such last names, whether describing a face or a body, turned a person’s most visible quality into their legacy. Rule 4: ______________________ Long before complex addresses, the landscape itself was the most reliable map. Many family names were born from this close connection, poetically describing the exact spot where a family’s home stood. The common English name Churchill did not originally refer to a great leader, but quite literally to someone who “lived by the church on the hill.” Similarly, the surname “Ye” in Chinese, meaning “leaf,” might have described a family living in a vibrant forest or known for the fauna and flora around their home. These names go beyond simple location; they are frozen photos of the natural world as a family first encountered it, turning a geographical moment into an everlasting identity. 1．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the life of several famous people. B．To explain the different naming rules. C．To compare naming customs between the East and the West. D．To discuss the importance of having a fixed family name. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Leonardo da Vinci’s name directly reflects that he was a genius. B．The name Robert Baker originated from his participation in a job interview. C．Some family names can serve as a typical reminder of a person’s identity. D．Louis VI was called Louis le Gross because people thought ill of him. 3．Which of the following three names can be examples of Rule 1, Rule 2, and Rule 3? A．Jack London, John Smith, and Stephen King B．De Andre Hunter, William Blackwood, and Charles Brown C．George Washington, James Cook, and Thomas Longman D．Francis Bacon, Taylor Swift, and Alan Walker 4．Which of the following may be the most appropriate title for Rule 4? A．The Name That came from a Map B．The Name That came from a Family Story C．The Name That was a Historical Event D．The Name That Reflected a Natural Setting B I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental: Moby Dick on a three-day cross-country train trip; The Magic Mountain in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes, then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead. But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, say, or Tristram Shandy. There’s always War and Peace, which I’ve covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite — once more into The Waves or Justine, which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature. And then there’s Stendhal’s The Red and the Black, which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and BackForty. It is easy to drink, and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi’s theory: “I take whatever is fresh at the green market and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids... 5．What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph? A．He has a cottage in New England. B．He shows talents for literature. C．He enjoys reading when traveling. D．He admires a lot of great writers. 6．Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating? A．He finishes them quickly. B．He should read something serious. C．He barely understands them. D．He has read them many times before. 7．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Books of Summer. B．My Summer Holidays. C．To Read or Not to Read. D．It’s Never Too Late to Read. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点09 时间、地点、比较状语从句 初中视角 高中展望 初中英语则更侧重于基础结构和规则的理解。如：在时间状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句通常使用现在时表示将来。常见引导词（如 befoe、since、as、 after、until、as soonas、when、where、as...as）用法 高中英语要求学生掌握更复杂的时间、地点和比较状语从句结构，包括使用多个连词或从句的嵌套；教授更多的连词和短语来引导这些从句等。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 时间状语从句 通常由when,before,after,until, since, while, as soon as等连词引导。当主句是一般将来时时, 时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I will go to the park when I finish my homework. 1．Mrs. Green didn’t realize she had lost her purse ________ she got to the checkout counter and tried to pay. A．until B．if C．since D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：格林夫人直到走到收银台试图付款时，才意识到她已经丢了钱包。 until直到……为止；if如果；since自从；although虽然。根据“didn’t realize”可知是否定句，“not ... until ...”意为“直到……才……”，符合句意。 2．Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons ________ the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit. A．so that B．though C．after D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在电影《上海馄饨》走红后，许多游客都来品尝猪肉蔬菜馄饨。 so that以便，为了；though尽管；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons...the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit.”可知，许多游客来品尝猪肉蔬菜馄饨是在电影《上海馄饨》走红之后，所以这里用after引导时间状语从句。 3．________ the chef was cooking in the kitchen, the waiters were setting the tables. A．Since B．When C．While D．As soon as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当厨师在厨房做饭时，服务员在布置餐桌。 考查时间状语从句连接词辨析。Since自从、因为；When当……时；While当……时；As soon as一……就……。根据句意，两个动作“was cooking”和“were setting”均使用过去进行时，强调同时进行的延续性动作，因此需用“While”引导时间状语从句，When不强调动作的持续同步性，更侧重一个动作发生时另一个动作突然发生。故选C。 4．—How long have you lived in Chongqing? —________ I was born. A．After B．Until C．From D．Since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你住在重庆多久了？——自从我出生。 考查时间连词辨析。After之后；Until直到；From从；Since自从。根据“How long have you lived in Chongqing”可知，使用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，回答需用“since”引导时间状语从句，表示“从出生起一直居住”。故选D。 5．You’d better ask your parents for some advice you made the final decision. A．because B．unless C．before D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在你做最后决定之前，你最好向父母征求一些建议。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句，都是从属连词。分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句，空处表示“在……之前”。故选C。 考点2 地点状语从句 由where, wherever引导。例如：I will follow you wherever you go.（无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。） 6．________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有生命就有希望。 考查状语从句引导词。when当……时，引导时间状语从句；which用于疑问句或定语从句；where在……地方，引导地点状语从句；that通常引导名词性从句或强调句，无法连接状语从句。题目考查固定句型“Where there is…, there is…”，意为“哪里有……，哪里就有……”。where引导地点状语从句，表示在存在前者的地方就有后者。故选C。 7．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：警察让我待在原地。 考查where引导状语从句。根据分析句子可知，此处应该用where引导状语从句，在从句中作地点状语，表达警察让我待在原地。故选D。 8． Stay ________ you are. I’ll be back in a minute. A．where B．when C．as D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：待在原地。我马上就回来。 考查连词辨析。where在哪里；when什么时候；as当……时；how如何。根据句意“Stay…you are.”可知，此处表示“待在 (你现在的) 地方”，需用表示地点的连词where引导地点状语从句。故选A。 9．—Have you found the lost child? —Not yet. But someone reported to have seen him ________ he used to play a lot. A．because B．which C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你找到那个走失的孩子了吗？——现在还没有。但据说有人在他以前经常玩的地方见过他。 考查连词辨析。because因为；which哪一个；where在……的地方；when什么时候。根据“have seen him...he used to play a lot.”可知，指的是看到他在他过去常玩耍的地方，where在此引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。故选C。 10．After the war, a new school was put up ________ there had once been a theater. A．that B．where C．which D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：战争后一所新的学校在以前那里是个剧院的地方建立起来。 考查状语从句。that引导从句无意义；where哪里，引导地点状语从句；which哪一个；when何时。分析句子可知横线上的词在句中作地点状语。故选B。 考点3 比较状语从句 通常由as...as , not as/so...as 等连词引导，或比较级 + than, he + 比较级...the + 比较级...结构表示 “越…… 越……”，用于表达两个动作或状态之间的递进关系。例如：“The harder you work, the more progress you will make.（你越努力，进步就越大。）” 11．It is said that green tea is not as _________ as black tea in Europe. A．popular B．more popular C．the more popular D．the most popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：据说在欧洲绿茶不像红茶那么流行。 考查比较级。“as+adj/adv+as”是原级比较的结构，表示“像……一样……”，其否定结构为“not as+adj/adv+as/so”；注意原级比较要用形容词或副词的原形，故选A。 12．Nowadays online courses are becoming as________ as those learned in classes at school. A．popular B．less popular C．more popular D．most popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，网络课程正变得和学校里的课程一样流行。 考查同级比较。popular流行的，BC两项是其比较级形式，D项是最高级。“as…as”用于同级比较，需用原形形容词或副词；根据句意结构，故选A。 13．Is everything on the moon _______ it is on the earth? A．so light as B．as light as C．as lighter as D．so lighter as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：月球上的一切和地球上的一样轻吗？ 本题考查形容词短语。as+形容词原级+as，表示“和……一样……”，用于肯定句；so+形容词原级+as，表示“和……一样……”，用于否定句；此处是一般疑问句，用as+形容词+as，故选B。 14．— Can Jimmy help us with the problem? — Yes, his promise is ________ gold. Trust him! A．as long as B．as good as C．as well as D．as much as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——吉米能帮我们解决这个问题吗？——是的，他的承诺非常可靠。相信他！ 考查as … as同级比较。as long as只要；as good as与……一样好；as well as也；as much as多达。根据下文“Trust him!”提示，此处指的是他的承诺非常可靠，as good as gold意为“十分可靠”，符合句意，故选B。 15．—What do you think of the movie? —It is not ________ interesting ________ I expected. A．as; so B．so; as C．so; that D．so; than 【答案】B 【分析】 【详解】句意：——你认为这部电影怎么样？——并不像我想象的那样有趣。not as/so+adj+as，意为“不像……一样”。故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句的分类：在英语中，状语从句可以分为九大类。时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句。（即：时条原目结让比地方） · 一、时间状语从句 除基础连词 when, while, as, before, after, until, since 外，拓展掌握 the moment, immediately, directly, every time, each time, by the time 等特殊引导词； 核心考点： 1. 时态规则：主将从现、since 从句过去时 / 主句现在完成时、by the time 对应完成时态； 2. when/while/as 辨析（延续 / 短暂动作、同步伴随）； 3. till/until 肯定、否定用法区别； 4. 从句省略结构：主从句主语一致且含 be 动词，可省略主语 + be； 5. before 特殊翻译（还没…… 就、才）。 · 二、地点状语从句 基础引导词 where，拓展 wherever, anywhere, everywhere； 核心考点： 1. where 区分定语从句与地点状语从句（有无先行词）； 2. where 抽象地点用法（表 “…… 的情形 / 地步”，如 Where there is a will, there is a way）； 3. wherever = no matter where 引导让步兼地点含义； 4. 省略结构：主从句主语一致时简化分词结构。 · 三、比较状语从句 基础连词 than, as…as，拓展 the + 比较级…the + 比较级，rather than, more…than, less…than； 核心考点： 1. 原级比较 as…as 否定 not so/as…as； 2. 比较级 than 前后对比对象一致，避免逻辑错误； 3. 倍数表达三种结构（倍数 + as…as / 比较级 + than /the size/length of）； 4. more…than 双重含义：“与其说… 不如说”； 5. 从句省略：前后谓语相同时，省略重复动词，仅保留对比成分； 6. 特殊结构：the more…the more 越…… 越……。 考点清单 ▇ 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 once一旦……就… as soon as一……就…… imediately/instantly一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… no sooner...than...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 1.before 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 2.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 3.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 4.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home when/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception o`到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 5.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. ▇ 二、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句一般由where，wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。（前面没有相关标示地点的名词，如place） 1.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 2.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. ▇ 三、 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由 as…as（和…… 一样）、not as/so…as（与…… 不一样）、than（比）、the more…, the more…（越…… 越……）引导，有原级、比较级、最高级不同表达形式，如原级用 as...as，not so/as...as；比较级用 more...than；最高级用 the most...in/of... 。 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 几种常见情况及示例 1.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 2.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不）对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样）表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 3.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 一、单句语法填空 1．Friends, which ran for ten seasons from 1994 to 2004, has not become any less popular it went off the air. 【答案】after 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：《老友记》从1994年到2004年一共播出了十季，停播后人气丝毫未减。分析句子结构可知，本空引导时间状语从句，结合语境可知，用连词after“在……以后”引导。故填after。 2．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：周二晚上，Tim在纽约市的活动中回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时情绪激动。结合句意可知，此处指“当他在回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时”，用when引导时间状语从句，当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词，完整从句为when he was recalling his recent conversation with dad.故填when。 3．The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：这个小男孩直到买了他想要的东西才离开商店。not…until…“直到……才……”是固定句型，符合句意，故用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 4． my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, something fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from. 【答案】While/When/As 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在我的兄弟姐妹和我在成长的过程中，我总是感觉到我的生活中缺少了一些东西，一些关于我身份的基本东西，我是谁，我来自哪里。分析可知，设空处引导的时间状语从句，可以用While/When/As连接，故填While/When/As。 5．However, the most amazing thing happened. the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. 【答案】As/When 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：然而，最令人惊奇的事情发生了。随着危机的现实逐渐深入人心，它激发了我们最好的一面。根据句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……/当……”，应用连词as/when引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填As/When。 6．I wish my house would be built we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers. 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：我希望我的房子能建在我们可以欣赏山水美景的地方。分析句子可知，句子缺少built后面的地点状语，空处应用where引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”。故填where。 7．Mr. Brown said firmly, “I knew I had to go the people were suffering.” 【答案】wherever/where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：布朗先生坚定地说：“我知道我必须去人们受苦的地方。”分析句子可知，空处引导地点状语从句，用where或wherever引导，故填where/wherever。 8．I have never seen as beautiful a place you have talked. 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我从未见过像你说的那样美丽的地方。表示“和……一样”为as...as...，引导比较状语从句。故填as。 9．By starting, you get the juices flowing, allowing you to get more done you anticipated. 【答案】than 【详解】考查连词。句意：一开始，你就有了动力，让你做得比预期的更多。根据句意可知，此处应用than引导比较状语从句。故填than。 10．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny they think they are? 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填as。 11．You should leave your smartphone behind and just enjoy the get-together ________ you are with your parents and friends. A．whatever B．whoever C．however D．whenever 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：每当你与父母和朋友在一起时，你都应该丢下你的智能手机，享受聚会。A. whatever无论什么；B. whoever无论谁；C. however不管怎样；D. whenever无论何时，每当。分析句子结构并根据句意，这里强调的是每当与父母和朋友在一起的情况，应用whenever引导时间状语从句。故选D。 12．It is 10 years ________ these important environmental problems were addressed, which benefited the entire world. A．since B．after C．before D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这些重要的环境问题得到解决已经有10年了，这使整个世界受益。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. before在……之前；D. when当……时候。此处为句型“it is+一段时间+since”，表示“自从……时间是多久了”。故选A。 13．________ they went abroad, the tourists were so curious about everything that they purchased many goods, which made it difficult to control the budget. A．For the first time B．By the first time C．At the first time D．The first time 【答案】D 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：第一次出国时，游客们对一切都很好奇，忍不住买了很多东西，这样就很难控制预算。the first time常作连词，意为“第一次……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，而其他三项作状语。故选D。 14．What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is _____ it is long. A．not half as wide as B．half not as wide as C．wide not as half D．as wide as not half 【答案】A 【详解】考查比较句型。句意：好奇怪的一张桌子。我以前从没有看过这样的东西。它的宽还不及长的一半。此处考查比较句型 “倍数+ as adj./adv as+ 比较对象”，它的否定形式是在倍数前面加not，符合该结构的是not half as wide as，故选A项。 15．As a matter of fact, getting rid of a bad habit is ____________forming a good one. A．an effort much as B．much an effort as C．as an effort much as D．as much an effort as 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定结构。句意：事实上，摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要努力。as ...as 是固定结构，意思是 “和什么一样多,像什么一样”，该结构中间用形容词，如果有名词需把名词放在形容词后，即as +形容词+（an/a）名词+as。故选D。 二、完成句子翻译 1．我第一次到这座小镇就被它的美丽深深吸引了。 , I was deeply attracted by its beauty. 【答案】The first time I arrived in the small town 【详解】考查状语从句和动词时态。表示“第一次”应用the first time，引导时间状语从句；表示“我”应用I；表示“到达”应用arrive in，结合“was attracted by”可知，应用一般过去时；表示“这座小城镇”应用the small town。故填The first time I arrived in the small town。 2．你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 You’ve made I have. 【答案】as many mistakes as 【详解】考查固定句型。根据中英文提示，表示“和……一样多”应用as many...as；表示“错误”应用复数名词mistakes。故填as many mistakes as。 3．火柴应该放在小孩够不到的地方。 Matches should be kept . 【答案】where children can’t reach them 【详解】考查地点状语从句。根据句意可知，空处为地点状语从句，连词为where，主语为 children，谓语为 can’t reach，reach后接宾语them。故填where children can’t reach them. 4．游泳帮助我保持健康和体形。每次游完泳，我都觉得神清气爽，精力充沛。 Swimming helps me stay healthy and in shape. , I feel refreshed and energetic. 【答案】Every time I finish swimming 【详解】考查状语从句和动词时态。表示“每次”应用every time，引导时间状语从句；表示“我”应用I；表示“完成做某事”应用finish doing sth.，结合“helps”和“feel”可知，此处为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形；表示“游泳”应用swim，此处为动名词作宾语。故填Every time I finish swimming。 5．I knew for sure that (每次我失去耐心的时候) I would remember my grandfather's words. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】each/every time I lost patience 【详解】考查时间状语从句和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句为each/every time引导的时间状语从句，根据“ would ”可知，本句为一般过去时。失去耐心为lose patience。故填each/every time I lost patience。 6．有志者事竟成。(地点状语从句)(汉译英) 【答案】Where there is a will, there is a way. 【详解】考查地点状语从句。有志者事竟成翻译为“Where there is a will, there is a way.”，where引导地点状语从句。故翻译为：Where there is a will, there is a way. 7．过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。(用before 引导的状语从句) (汉译英) 【答案】It was a long time before I realized the truth. 【详解】考查状语从句。描述过去发生的动作，句子应用一般过去时。句子采用固定句式“过了很长时间才……”It was a long time before...，before引导的时间主语从句中，主语“我”I，谓语“认识到”realize，应用过去式形式realized，宾语“真相”the truth。故翻译为It was a long time before I realized the truth. 8．我正在看电视的时候我朋友Jack给我打电话了。(汉译英) 【答案】I was watching TV when my friends Jack phoned. 【详解】考查时间状语从句。分析句子结构，这个句子使用了时间状语从句的固定句型“sb. was doing when sb. did”，意思是“某人正在做……突然……”，主句是“我正在看电视”，翻译成I was watching TV，从句是“我朋友Jack给我打电话了”，翻译成my friends Jack phoned，故翻译为I was watching TV when my friends Jack phoned. 一、语篇语法填空（ 时间、地点、比较状语从句专练） I often visit the quiet countryside 1.________ I spent my teenage years. 2.________ the first ray of sunlight appears in the sky, local farmers walk to the farmlands. The fresh air here is much cleaner 3.________ the air in downtown cities. I love standing 4.________ the clear brook runs, listening to soft flowing water. 5.________ ________ ________ I finish my monthly exam, I will drive back to this village. The noisy city is not 6.________ beautiful ________ the countryside. I plan to sit exactly 7.________ we chatted with elderly villagers last summer. The village will become more attractive 8.________ it was five years ago. 9.________ ________ I have free weekends, I stay here for a full day. Few scenic spots are 10.________ warm as this small village to me. 一、答案 1. where 2. When 3. than 4. where 5. as soon as 6. so…as 7. where 8. than 9. Every time 10. as…as 二、文章大意 我经常回到那片我度过少年时光的宁静乡村。当第一缕晨光洒向天际，当地农民便走向农田。这里清新的空气远比市中心的空气洁净。我喜欢站在清澈小溪流淌的地方，聆听柔和的流水声。 我一考完月考，就会开车回到这座村庄。喧闹的城市远不如乡村美丽。我打算就坐在去年夏天我们和村里老人闲谈的那块地方。 这个小村庄会比五年前更迷人。每逢周末有空，我都会在这里待上一整天。对我而言，几乎没有景点能和这座小村庄一样温暖动人。 三、逐空详细解析 1. where 语法：地点状语从句引导词，表 “…… 的地方”。 句意：我经常回到那片我度过少年时光的宁静乡村。 2. When 语法：时间状语从句引导词，意为 “当…… 的时候”。 句意：当第一缕晨光洒向天际，当地农民便走向农田。 3. than 语法：比较状语从句引导词，用于比较级后，表对比 “比”。 句意：这里清新的空气远比市中心的空气洁净。 4. where 语法：地点状语从句引导词，表 “在…… 之处”。 句意：我喜欢站在清澈小溪流淌的地方，聆听柔和的流水声。 5. as soon as（三词，三处横线） 语法：时间状语从句固定连词，含义 “一…… 就……”。 句意：我一考完月考，就会开车回到这座村庄。 6. so; as（两空各一条横线，固定搭配 not so…as 比较状语从句） 语法：比较状语从句经典结构 not so + 形容词原级 + as，意为 “不如……”。 句意：喧闹的城市远不如乡村美丽。 7. where 语法：地点状语从句引导词，指代特定场景地点。 句意：我打算就坐在去年夏天我们和村里老人闲谈的那块地方。 8. than 语法：比较状语从句引导词，用于前后事物对比。 句意：这个小村庄会比五年前更迷人。 9. Every time（两词，两处横线） 语法：时间状语从句连词，意为 “每当”，纯时间考点。 句意：每逢周末有空，我都会在这里待上一整天。 10. as（固定搭配 as…as 比较状语从句） 语法：比较状语从句基础结构 as + 形容词原级 + as，意为 “和…… 一样”。 句意：对我而言，几乎没有景点能和这座小村庄一样温暖动人。 二、阅读理解 A How You Got Your Name Rule 1: The Man Who Was His Address Before he became history’s ultimate genius, the boy from Tuscany was simply “Leonardo, son of Piero, from Vinci.” In an era before standardized surnames, his identity was tied directly to his humble hometown. This practice was common, but his fame immortal (使……不朽) it. Imagine being known not by a family name, but by your neighborhood. The same rule also applies to the celebrated physicist Isaac Newton, whose surname originally referred to someone who lived in a“new town.” Rule 2: The Name That Was a Job Interview Some of the most famous names started as a simple job description. The name Wright (as in the Wright Brothers) was an Old English term for a craftsman or builder. The poet Robert Baker’s ancestor was literally a baker. Even the name Knight (as in Dame Ellen Knight), described a medieval soldier. Your name was your resume, announcing your family’s trade to the world. Rule 3: The Name That Was a Physical Trademark Before family names were fixed, a person’s most distinctive physical feature could become their lasting identifier, passing down through generations. The mighty King of France, Louis VI, was known to his subjects as Louis le Gross-Louis the Fat. This was not an insult (侮辱), but a simple, factual description that distinguished him from other rulers. Such last names, whether describing a face or a body, turned a person’s most visible quality into their legacy. Rule 4: ______________________ Long before complex addresses, the landscape itself was the most reliable map. Many family names were born from this close connection, poetically describing the exact spot where a family’s home stood. The common English name Churchill did not originally refer to a great leader, but quite literally to someone who “lived by the church on the hill.” Similarly, the surname “Ye” in Chinese, meaning “leaf,” might have described a family living in a vibrant forest or known for the fauna and flora around their home. These names go beyond simple location; they are frozen photos of the natural world as a family first encountered it, turning a geographical moment into an everlasting identity. 1．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the life of several famous people. B．To explain the different naming rules. C．To compare naming customs between the East and the West. D．To discuss the importance of having a fixed family name. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Leonardo da Vinci’s name directly reflects that he was a genius. B．The name Robert Baker originated from his participation in a job interview. C．Some family names can serve as a typical reminder of a person’s identity. D．Louis VI was called Louis le Gross because people thought ill of him. 3．Which of the following three names can be examples of Rule 1, Rule 2, and Rule 3? A．Jack London, John Smith, and Stephen King B．De Andre Hunter, William Blackwood, and Charles Brown C．George Washington, James Cook, and Thomas Longman D．Francis Bacon, Taylor Swift, and Alan Walker 4．Which of the following may be the most appropriate title for Rule 4? A．The Name That came from a Map B．The Name That came from a Family Story C．The Name That was a Historical Event D．The Name That Reflected a Natural Setting 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，通过四个具体规则，详细解释了姓氏的不同起源方式，包括源于出生地、职业、身体特征和自然环境等。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据全文内容，文章分别介绍了“源于出生地”“源于职业”“源于身体特征”和“源于自然环境”四条姓氏命名规则，核心目的是解释不同的命名规则。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Rule 1中“his identity was tied directly to his humble hometown (他的身份直接与他卑微的家乡相关)”、Rule 2中“Your name was your resume, announcing your family’s trade to the world (你的名字就是你的简历，向世界宣告你家族的职业)”、Rule 3中“a person’s most distinctive physical feature could become their lasting identifier (一个人最显著的身体特征可能成为他们持久的标识)”可知，一些姓氏可以作为一个人身份的典型象征。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据Rule 1（源于出生地）、Rule 2（源于职业）、Rule 3（源于身体特征）的定义，分析选项：A选项中Jack London（London为城市名，符合Rule 1）、John Smith（Smith意为“铁匠”，符合Rule 2）、Stephen King（King意为“国王”，并非身体特征，不符合Rule 3）；B选项中De Andre Hunter（Hunter意为“猎人”，符合Rule 2）、William Blackwood（Blackwood意为“黑森林”，符合Rule 4）、Charles Brown（Brown意为“棕色的”，可指肤色，符合Rule 3），顺序不符；C选项中George Washington（Washington为地名，符合Rule 1）、James Cook（Cook意为“厨师”，符合Rule 2）、Thomas Longman（Longman意为“高个子的人”，符合Rule 3），顺序完全对应；D选项中Francis Bacon（Bacon意为“培根”，可能源于职业或地名）、Taylor Swift（Taylor意为“裁缝”，符合Rule 2）、Alan Walker（Walker意为“行者”，符合Rule 2），不符合要求。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据Rule 4中“Many family names were born from this close connection, poetically describing the exact spot where a family’s home stood (许多姓氏源于这种紧密的联系，诗意地描述了一个家庭住所的确切位置)”以及“turning a geographical moment into an everlasting identity (将一个地理瞬间转化为永恒的身份)”），核心是姓氏源于自然环境或地理场景。D选项“The Name That Reflected a Natural Setting (源于自然环境的名字)”最符合段落主旨，适合用作小标题。故选D。 B I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental: Moby Dick on a three-day cross-country train trip; The Magic Mountain in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes, then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead. But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, say, or Tristram Shandy. There’s always War and Peace, which I’ve covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite — once more into The Waves or Justine, which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature. And then there’s Stendhal’s The Red and the Black, which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and BackForty. It is easy to drink, and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi’s theory: “I take whatever is fresh at the green market and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids... 5．What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph? A．He has a cottage in New England. B．He shows talents for literature. C．He enjoys reading when traveling. D．He admires a lot of great writers. 6．Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating? A．He finishes them quickly. B．He should read something serious. C．He barely understands them. D．He has read them many times before. 7．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Books of Summer. B．My Summer Holidays. C．To Read or Not to Read. D．It’s Never Too Late to Read. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者每年夏天都打算阅读经典名著的经历，今年却陷入选择困境，既不想读某些经典，又觉得重读喜爱的书不像正经文学阅读，还提到了一款同名鸡尾酒。 【详解】5．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental: Moby Dick on a three-day cross-country train trip; The Magic Mountain in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond row on the salt pond. Attempting The Man Without Qualities on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes, then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead.(每年夏天，我都怀着美好的愿望开始：攻克一本过去的巨著，一本我年轻时满怀抱负本该读过的经典。书籍和阅读场景的搭配往往纯属偶然：在三天的越野火车旅行中读《白鲸记》；在新英格兰海滨小屋读《魔山》，那间小屋门没有锁，房间里没有电话和电视，除了在咸水湖里划船几乎无事可做。然而，回到家乡夏威夷时尝试读《没有个性的人》却没那么顺利：我读完了一卷零四分之一，然后觉得自己已经领会了主旨，就去游泳了。)”可知，作者在不同的旅行场景（越野火车旅行、海滨小屋度假、返乡夏威夷）中都安排了阅读经典名著的计划，即便有时未能读完，但能看出他有在旅行时阅读的习惯，且享受这种阅读方式。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite — once more into The Waves or Justine, which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.(简单地重温一本心爱的书是多么吸引人啊——再读一遍《海浪》或《朱斯汀》，这感觉几乎像是作弊，因为它们太令人兴奋、太有趣了，不适合归入严肃文学的范畴。)”可知，作者认为自己本该阅读经典名著这类严肃文学，而重读喜爱的书过于有趣，不符合严肃阅读的初衷，所以觉得像“作弊”。故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.(每年夏天，我都怀着美好的愿望开始：攻克一本过去的巨著，一本我年轻时满怀抱负本该读过的经典。)”和第二段中的“But this summer I find myself at a loss.(但今年夏天我却不知所措。)”以及全文围绕作者每年夏天的阅读计划、经历和困惑展开可知，“夏日的书籍”最能概括文章核心主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $