衔接点07 分词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

衔接点07 分词 初中视角 高中展望 初中阶段能够识别分词的基本形式，现在分词是在动词原形后加上-ing；过去分词包括规则动词的-ed形式和不规则动词的特殊形式。理解现在分词可以作为形容词、名词或副词使用。理解过去分词通常用作形容词或与助动词一起构成被动语态和完成时态。 高中阶段，学生需要更深入地理解分词的语法功能和变化规则，包括不规则动词的现在分词和过去分词形式。在复合句中使用分词进行更复杂的修饰，如使用分词作定语、状语、补语等。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中分词考点聚焦】 考点1 现在分词 1．The little girl was heard ________ English songs in her room when her mother got home. A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sang 2．When ________ the death of his grandpa, Mike couldn’t help crying. A．to know B．know C．knowing D．knew 3．When I was running on the playground, I saw a drone (无人机) ________ over my head. A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly 4．When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji. A．do B．did C．doing D．to do 5．The couple were seen ________ a walk outside at this time yesterday . Nobody knows when they came back. A．take B．taken C．took D．taking 6．When Mary saw a policeman________, she shouted at him for help. A．coming B．comes C．is coming D．has come 7．With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 8．I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 9．—Why did you stop in front of the classroom just now? —I heard someone ________ there. A．sings B．to sing C．singing D．sing 10．I could see bees and butterflies ________ on the hill when I was a little boy. A．dance B．dances C．dancing D．to dance 考点2 过去分词 11．The novel ________ by Mo Yan is popular among teenagers. A．wrote B．writes C．written D．writing 12．There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 13．The scientist spent three days ________ in the study, thinking about the problem. A．locking B．locked C．to lock D．locks 14．There are more than 3,000 languages ________ in the world. A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．spoken 15．The kite ________ in China has a long history. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 16．__________ with the price of houses, the price of cars has become a little lower recently. A．To compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To be compared 17．Tom knew little Chinese, so he couldn’t make himself ________ when he came to China. A．understand B．understood C．to understand D．understanding 18．—What do you think of the song “Dream Bottom” by Hailai Amu? —Very touching. I often heard the song ________ by him on TV. A．sung B．to sing C．singing D．sing 19．— Do you know the lady ________ in red? —I know her no matter what she wears. A．wears B．dresses C．dressed D．wearing 20．The mobile phone ________ by Martin Cooper in 1973 has changed our lives greatly. A．invents B．invented C．inventing D．was invented 【高中分词考点聚焦】 课标解读 现在分词和过去分词在复杂句型中的使用，如分词短语作状语、定语、补语等。 现在分词和过去分词在各种时态和语态中的准确运用，包括进行时、完成时、被动语态等。 现在分词和过去分词作为非谓语动词在句子中的功能和意义。 考点清单 一、分词的分类及形式 1. 现在分词的形式： 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 否定式：not + 现在分词 1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如： They went to the park, singing and talking. Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 2、过去分词的形式：（done） 　过去分词只有一般式，没有完成式，也没有主动语态。 总结：现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别是： 　　A.从语态角度来讲，现在分词表示主动意义。而过去分词通常表示被动意义（不及物动词的过去分词除外）。 B.从时态角度来讲，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，过去分词表示完成的动作。 二、分词的用法 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ × × 分词 × × √ √ √ √ 1. 分词作定语 1）分词作定语既可以放在所修饰的词之前，作前置定语，也可以放在所修饰的词后面，作后置定语。其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如： 　　Where are the reserved seats? （=Where are the seats which have been reserved?） 　　预定的座位在哪里？ 　　This is a pressing problem. （=This is a problem which is pressing.）这是一个紧迫的问题。 　　 2）分词作后置定语可分为限制性（紧跟在所修饰的中心词之后）和非限制性（用逗号与其所修饰的中心词分开）两种，其作用分别相当于一个限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。例如： 　　The funds raised （= which have been raised） are mainly used for helping the homeless. 　　筹集的资金主要用来帮助那些无家可归的人。 　　There are many students waiting （= who are waiting） to get examined. 　　有许多学生在等待检查。 　　This book， written （= which is written） in simple English， is suitable for beginners. 　　本书是用浅显的英语写的，适合初学者。 3）分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成合成形容词作定语。例如： 　　The flower-carrying girl must be waiting for someone. 　　那位手持鲜花的姑娘一定在等人。 　　The newly-built building is our office building. 　　这座新建的大楼是我们的办公楼。 4）有些不及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不表示被动的意思而是表示完成。这类过去分词常作前置修饰语。例如： 　　There are a lot of fallen leaves in autumn. 　　秋天有许多落叶。 　　The film describes the story about the police who pursue an escaped man. 　　这部电影描述的是警察抓逃犯的事。 　　常用的这一类词有：fallen， faded， returned， retired， risen， grown up， vanished等。 比较：一般来讲，及物动词的动词-ing形式修饰事物，其过去分词修饰人。 a surprising result一个惊人的结果 surprised girls吃惊的姑娘们 tiring music烦人的音乐 a tired man一个疲倦的人 When they heard the exciting news,they got excited.Then the excited people shouted loudly and cheered.当他们听到这一激动人心的消息时，他们变得激动起来。然后这些激动的人们大声地叫喊、欢呼。 2. 分词作宾语补足语 1） 跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch， have get， keep， hear， find， feel， leave， make， want， start， notice， observe， watch， set等。例如： 　　When they returned home from the holiday， they found their house stolen. 　　当他们度假完回到家时，发现房子被盗了。（过去分词表示被动） 　　We want this work finished quickly. 　　我们要求这项工作很快完成。 2）在复合宾语中，用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。例如： 　　There was so much noise that the speaker couldn't make himself heard. 　　由于十分吵闹，讲话人没法让人听到他的声音。 　　When he awoke， he found himself being looked after by an old woman. 　　他醒来的时候发现一位老大娘正在照顾他。 3. 分词作状语 1）分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况的可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如： 　　Confined to bed （= Because she was confined to bed）， she needed to be waited on in everything. 　　她卧病在床，什么事都需要人伺候。（作原因状语） 　　Having only book knowledge （= If you only have book knowledge）， you will not be able to work well. 　　如果只有书本知识，你就不可能做好工作。（作条件状语） 　　They stood there waiting for the bus. （=They stood there and waited for the bus.） 　　他们站在那里等公共汽车。（作方式状语） (1)、表示时间，分词短语一般至于句首。 　　多数情形下，分词动作发生于谓语动作之前，有时候分词动作和谓语动作同时发生。 　　e.g. Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.（分词动作发生于谓语动作之前） 　　Riding in the street during the rush hours, you must be careful.(分词动作和谓语动作同时发生) (2)、表示原因，分词短语可置于句首或句末，有时还可以置于主谓之间。 　　e.g. Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice. (3)、表示条件，通常放在句首 　　e.g. Given more time, I would be able to complete it. (4)、表示让步，通常放在句首 　　e.g. Having lived in Canada for three years, he still can`t speak English well. (5)、表结果，一般只放在句末。 　　e.g. I went home, finding the door locked (6)、表伴随状况，补充说明或方式，分词短语置于句首或句末均可。 　　e.g. He came running breathless and told me the results. 2） 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较 　　不管是现在分词还是过去分词作状语，如果单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致。分词作状语通常可以转换成一个相应的状语从句，如果状语从句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词；如果状语从句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。有时为了强调，分词前可带连词when， while， if， though， as if， unless等一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如： 　　Working hard （If you work hard）， you will succeed. 　　如果你努力，你会成功的。 　　Defeated （= Though he was defeated）， he remained a popular boxer. 　　虽然他被击败了，但他仍然是一个受人喜爱的拳击手。 4. 分词的独立结构 1）分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和谓语动词的主语一致。否则，分词必须有自己的主语，这种带主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构，或叫独立主格。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。例如： 　　The project finished, they had a two weeks' leave. 　　完成那个计划后，他们休了两周假。 　　He being absent, nothing could be done. 　　由于他缺席，什么事也没法干。 2） 独立结构有时也可以用“with/ without + 名词（或代词的宾语）+ 分词”的结构，表示伴随状况。例如： 　　They sat there silently,（with） their eyes fixed on the lake. 　　他们静静地坐在那里，眼睛看着湖面。 　　With him helping me, I felt lucky. 　　有他的帮助，我感到很幸运。 拓展1： 过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain, sound, feel等系动词之后； “get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。 例1：Though he was a new man, he got accustomed to the way of life here very soon. 例2： Tom sounds very interested in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it. be+动词的过去分词”，有时是系表结构，而不是被动语态，因为此时的过去分词已经形容词化了。常用于系表结构的过去分词有： astonished感到吃惊的 educated受过教育的 excited兴奋的 fallen落下的 frightened受惊的 gone过去的，消失的 interested感兴趣的 known著名的 learned有学问的 mistaken误解的，弄错的 retired退休的 returned已归来的 risen升起来的 upset心烦的 My watch is gone.我的手表不见了。 It’s not my fault.You are mistaken.这不是我的过错，你误会了。 拓展2： 部分动词常用于“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语 be absorbed in 被……吸引，专注于 be lost in 迷失在……中 be dressed in 穿着…… be caught/trapped/stuck in 被困在…… be occupied in 忙碌于…… be located/situated in 坐落在…… be equipped/furnished with 被配备…… be loaded/burdened with 担负着…… be faced with 面临着…… be accustomed/used to doing 习惯于做某事 be devoted/committed to doing 致力于做某事 be addicted to doing 对……上瘾 例：Absorbed in reading, Tom didn’t even notice his mom come in. 一、单句语法填空 二、完成句子 21．The careless driver was caught on camera __________ (闯红灯) at a busy intersection, causing a near-miss accident with a pedestrian who was crossing legally. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 22．Children love to see colorful ________ ________ (挂灯笼) everywhere. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 23．________________(晚上参观伦敦 ), we are a bit like in a dream. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 24．The valuable Chinese vase ________ (属于) my grandmother was broken by my little brother by accident. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 25．Exhausted from the day’s activities, he quickly fell asleep, _________ __________ (梦想着) coming adventures. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 26．I’m sorry to make you ________________ (让你等我这么长时间). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 27．There are some citizens ____________ (站在 ……前面) the painting. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 28．As we know, a lot of things ________________ (在过去被认为不可能的) are common today. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 29．The place _________ _____ (被……环绕/包围) plants is good for our health. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 30．He raised his voice to make ____________ (让人听到他说话). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 一、语篇填空（分词专练） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 (see) from the top of the hill, our school looks beautiful. The students 2 (sit) under the tree are talking about their coming holiday.3 (inspire) by his teacher’s words, Tom makes up his mind to improve his weak subjects. He found his homework 4 (finish) before dinner yesterday.The game is very 5 (excite), so all the players feel 6 (encourage). I saw some boys 7 (play) basketball on the playground when I passed by.8 (walk) along the street, I noticed a broken bike 9 (lie) beside the road. 10 (tire) from daily study, I still stick to taking exercise every evening. 二、阅读理解 A Jake’s thick beard and rough, worn jacket made passers-by step aside nervously on the street. I worked at a community shelter that winter, and on my first day, I thought to myself: Jake looked more like someone you would avoid than a warm-hearted volunteer. One cold winter evening, a heavy snow fell suddenly. A little girl slipped on the icy road and was soon trapped by the freezing wind and thick snow. Her grandmother stood nearby, too weak to move and shouted for help in despair. Before anyone else could react, Jake rushed forward at once. He walked against the cold wind and struggled through the deep snow to reach the girl. Then he held her tightly and walked slowly back step by step to stay away from the slippery ice. I stood in the distance, too shocked to act. In just several minutes, he brought the little girl safely back to her grandma. The old lady, still weak but now holding her granddaughter tightly, turned away quietly and slowly disappeared into the snowy night. No warm thanks, no gentle smile — only their lonely figures fading into the night. I thought Jake would feel upset or complain about the cold reaction. However, he just brushed off the snow on his clothes and continued to help clear icy roads for other people. Later, I talked with him about that cold reception. He smiled softly, with cold wind still touching his face. “Kindness needs no praise. Actions speak louder than words.” He added, “The old lady was too frightened and cold at that moment. Stress always makes people ignore politeness.” That day I wrote in my diary: True kindness is often unnoticed, for it never comes with a perfect look we expect. Jake only volunteered with no extra reward, but his deeds showed his true inner beauty. Years later, every time I am about to judge others by their looks, I will recall Jake’s plain appearance and the little girl saved on that snowy night. I have kept reminding myself not to let prejudice blind the truth deep in one’s heart. 1．What first impression did Jake leave on the author? A．He was gentle and easy-going. B．He appeared funny and talkative. C．He was hard-working and helpful. D．He looked unfriendly and hard to get close to. 2．Why did Jake struggle through deep snow? A．To show his strong willpower. B．To rescue the trapped little girl. C．To win respect from passers-by. D．To finish his voluntary work earlier. 3．What lesson did the author learn from the experience? A．Bad weather may cause hidden dangers. B．People should always be polite to volunteers. C．We should never judge a person by appearance. D．Inner beauty is less important than fine physical looks. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Power of Stress B．A Lonely Grandmother C．A Terrible Snowy Night D．The Unthanked Volunteer B AI Teaching in Louisa Schools: A Mixed Picture While less than half of the teachers nationwide have received AI training, Louisa County schools are embracing artificial intelligence in education. According to district data, 70% of Louisa teachers now use AI tools at least weekly — far above the national average reported in a recent EdWeek Research Center survey. (A report carried out nationwide released by the Center for Democracy and Technology) Tools and Guidance in Action The district has actively supported this growth. After teacher feedback called for clearer direction, Louisa developed practical AI guidelines and adopted SchoolAI, a platform designed for lesson planning and student activities. Trainings and a shared AI resource center have helped teachers integrate technology into classrooms. Challenges Remain Still, challenges remain. Some Louisa teachers do not use AI at all. Surveys show the main reasons include lack of training time, concerns about reliability, and limited access to tools. As one Trevilians Elementary teacher noted, practicing alone is very different from using AI with students. Student reactions are also mixed. Some worry AI could “take over the world,” while others appreciate its help as a learning assistant. Teachers like Marcia Flora are addressing fears by explaining that “AI is just one tool” and encouraging critical thinking. Looking Ahead Louisa continues to adjust its approach. One example is the AI “traffic light” that teachers could share with students to help make it clear on which parts of a particular assignment students could turn to AI for help. Green means students may use AI with citation; yellow means limited use; and red means no AI allowed. These tools help integrate AI into daily learning while encouraging proper use. As the technology develops, Louisa’s experience offers a real-time model of how schools can prepare students for a tech-driven future. 5．What percentage of the teachers nationwide are using AI in the classroom? A．3%. B．24%. C．61%. D．63%. 6．Why do some Louisa teachers avoid using AI? A．They feel AI is just a tool. B．They feel alone in using AI. C．They fear AI will take over the world. D．They feel unprepared to use AI. 7．What does the AI “traffic light” system do? A．It guides students on proper AI use. B．It limits teachers’ use of AI in lessons. C．It encourages students to use AI more. D．It is used to lecture students about online safety. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点07 分词 初中视角 高中展望 初中阶段能够识别分词的基本形式，现在分词是在动词原形后加上-ing；过去分词包括规则动词的-ed形式和不规则动词的特殊形式。理解现在分词可以作为形容词、名词或副词使用。理解过去分词通常用作形容词或与助动词一起构成被动语态和完成时态。 高中阶段，学生需要更深入地理解分词的语法功能和变化规则，包括不规则动词的现在分词和过去分词形式。在复合句中使用分词进行更复杂的修饰，如使用分词作定语、状语、补语等。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中分词考点聚焦】 考点1 现在分词 1．The little girl was heard ________ English songs in her room when her mother got home. A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sang 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当妈妈到家时，听见小女孩正在她的房间里唱英文歌。 考查非谓语动词。sing唱，动词原形；singing正在唱，现在分词；to sing唱，不定式；sang唱，过去式。根据“hear sb. doing sth.”结构，表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。句中主语“The little girl”是被听见的对象，故用被动语态“was heard singing”。故选B。 2．When ________ the death of his grandpa, Mike couldn’t help crying. A．to know B．know C．knowing D．knew 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当得知他爷爷去世的消息时，迈克忍不住哭了。 考查时间状语从句的省略。“When”引导时间状语从句时，若从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句隐含“主语 + be动词”的结构，可省略主语和be动词，此处“迈克”与“得知”是主动关系，可直接用现在分词作状语。故选C。 3．When I was running on the playground, I saw a drone (无人机) ________ over my head. A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我在操场上跑步时，我看到一架无人机正从我头顶飞过。 考查非谓语动词。根据“When I was running on the playground”可知，是指跑步时看到无人机正在飞，用see sb/sth doing sth表示“看到某人/物正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。故选B。 4．When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji. A．do B．did C．doing D．to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我走过公园时，我看到一些老人在打中国太极拳。 考查非谓语。根据“When I walked past the park”可知，此处指看见动作正在进行，see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，此处表示看见一些老人正在打中国太极拳。故选C。 5．The couple were seen ________ a walk outside at this time yesterday . Nobody knows when they came back. A．take B．taken C．took D．taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，有人看见这对夫妇正在外面散步。没人知道他们何时回来的。 考查非谓语动词。根据“...a walk outside at this time yesterday”可知，此处强调他们被看见时正在散步，see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”，固定词组，因此需用动词的现在分词。故选D。 6．When Mary saw a policeman________, she shouted at him for help. A．coming B．comes C．is coming D．has come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当玛丽看到一名警察走过来时，她大声地向他求救。 考查非谓语动词。coming到来，动名词，现在分词；comes一般现在时单三形式；is coming现在进行时；has come现在完成时。根据“she shouted at him for help.”可知，Mary当时呼救，说明看到警察正走过来，see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”，符合语境。故选A。 7．With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在电脑的帮助下，你可以阅读历史上的名人，甚至听他们说话。 考查非谓语动词。speak“说话”，listen to sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”，故选C。 8．I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对不起，我让你等了这么长时间。交通非常糟糕。 考查现在分词作宾补。waiting动词现在分词/动名词；wait等待，动词。waited动词过去式/过去分词；to wait动词不定式。根据语境可知，交通很拥堵，可推测此处是让对方一直等待了很长时间，keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”，使役动词keep后需填现在分词，作宾补，waiting“等待”为动词wait的现在分词。故选A。 9．—Why did you stop in front of the classroom just now? —I heard someone ________ there. A．sings B．to sing C．singing D．sing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你刚才为什么停在教室前面？——我听到有人在那里唱歌。 考查非谓语动词。hear sb do sth听到某人做某事；hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事。根据“just now”可知，刚刚听到有个人正在那里唱歌，用现在分词作宾补，故选C。 10．I could see bees and butterflies ________ on the hill when I was a little boy. A．dance B．dances C．dancing D．to dance 【答案】C 【详解】句意: 当我还是个小男孩的时候，我可以看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶在山上跳舞。 考查非谓语动词。dance跳舞；see sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，强调某个时刻正在进行的动作；此句由“when I was a little boy”可以判断是动作正在进行。 故选C。 【点睛】see sb do看到某人做了某事，强调事情发生的全过程；see sb doing看到某人正在做某事，强调某个瞬间正在进行的动作。 考点2 过去分词 11．The novel ________ by Mo Yan is popular among teenagers. A．wrote B．writes C．written D．writing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莫言写的这部小说在青少年中很受欢迎。 wrote过去式；writes第三人称单数；written过去分词；writing动名词或现在分词。此空需要用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词the novel；逻辑主语the novel和动词write之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式written。 12．There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们村总共有200人左右，包括老人和孩子。 考查非谓语动词。根据“There are altogether some 200 people in our village, …the old people and children .”可知，the old people and children和include是被动关系，因此此处应用动词过去分词形式。故选B。 13．The scientist spent three days ________ in the study, thinking about the problem. A．locking B．locked C．to lock D．locks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个科学家花费三天的时间在书房里，考虑这个问题。 考查过去分词用法。locking为现在分词；locked为过去分词；to lock为动词不定式；locks为单三形式。“locked in the study”作后置定语，修饰“three days”，指三天时间是被关在书房里。故选B。 14．There are more than 3,000 languages ________ in the world. A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．spoken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：世界上有3000多种语言。 考查非谓语。此空为过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词。故选D。 15．The kite ________ in China has a long history. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国发明的风筝有着悠久的历史。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词has，所以排除C和D选项。kite与动词invent之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词作定语，故选B。 16．__________ with the price of houses, the price of cars has become a little lower recently. A．To compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To be compared 【答案】C 【详解】句意：与房价相比，最近汽车的价格有所下降。 考查非谓语动词。根据“... with the price of houses”可知主语“the price of cars”被拿来与房价作对比，用动词的过去分词形式Compared，在句中作状语。故选C。 17．Tom knew little Chinese, so he couldn’t make himself ________ when he came to China. A．understand B．understood C．to understand D．understanding 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆几乎不懂中文，所以当他来到中国时，他无法使自己被理解。 make oneself understood意为“使自己被理解”，此处himself与understand构成被动关系，应该用过去分词形式。应填understood。 18．—What do you think of the song “Dream Bottom” by Hailai Amu? —Very touching. I often heard the song ________ by him on TV. A．sung B．to sing C．singing D．sing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得海来阿木的歌曲《Dream Bottom》怎么样？——非常感人，我经常在电视上听到这首歌被他演唱。 sung唱，过去分词；to sing去唱，动词不定式；singing正在唱，现在分词；sing唱，动词原形。根据语境可知，句中宾语the song与动词sing之间是被动关系，因此应该用过去分词sung作宾语补足语，表示这首歌被他演唱。 19．— Do you know the lady ________ in red? —I know her no matter what she wears. A．wears B．dresses C．dressed D．wearing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那位穿红衣服的女士吗？——不管她穿什么，我都认识她。 wears穿；dresses穿；dressed穿着；wearing穿着，根据题干中的“in red”可知此处需用dressed in red表示“穿着红衣服的”，应填dressed。 20．The mobile phone ________ by Martin Cooper in 1973 has changed our lives greatly. A．invents B．invented C．inventing D．was invented 【答案】B 【详解】句意：1973年由马丁·库珀发明的手机，极大改变了我们的生活。 根据“The mobile phone…by Martin Cooper in 1973 has changed our lives greatly.”可知，此处为过去分词作后置定语，修饰1973年被发明的手机。应填invented。 【高中分词考点聚焦】 课标解读 现在分词和过去分词在复杂句型中的使用，如分词短语作状语、定语、补语等。 现在分词和过去分词在各种时态和语态中的准确运用，包括进行时、完成时、被动语态等。 现在分词和过去分词作为非谓语动词在句子中的功能和意义。 考点清单 一、分词的分类及形式 1. 现在分词的形式： 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 否定式：not + 现在分词 1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如： They went to the park, singing and talking. Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 2、过去分词的形式：（done） 　过去分词只有一般式，没有完成式，也没有主动语态。 总结：现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别是： 　　A.从语态角度来讲，现在分词表示主动意义。而过去分词通常表示被动意义（不及物动词的过去分词除外）。 B.从时态角度来讲，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，过去分词表示完成的动作。 二、分词的用法 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ × × 分词 × × √ √ √ √ 1. 分词作定语 1）分词作定语既可以放在所修饰的词之前，作前置定语，也可以放在所修饰的词后面，作后置定语。其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如： 　　Where are the reserved seats? （=Where are the seats which have been reserved?） 　　预定的座位在哪里？ 　　This is a pressing problem. （=This is a problem which is pressing.）这是一个紧迫的问题。 　　 2）分词作后置定语可分为限制性（紧跟在所修饰的中心词之后）和非限制性（用逗号与其所修饰的中心词分开）两种，其作用分别相当于一个限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。例如： 　　The funds raised （= which have been raised） are mainly used for helping the homeless. 　　筹集的资金主要用来帮助那些无家可归的人。 　　There are many students waiting （= who are waiting） to get examined. 　　有许多学生在等待检查。 　　This book， written （= which is written） in simple English， is suitable for beginners. 　　本书是用浅显的英语写的，适合初学者。 3）分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成合成形容词作定语。例如： 　　The flower-carrying girl must be waiting for someone. 　　那位手持鲜花的姑娘一定在等人。 　　The newly-built building is our office building. 　　这座新建的大楼是我们的办公楼。 4）有些不及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不表示被动的意思而是表示完成。这类过去分词常作前置修饰语。例如： 　　There are a lot of fallen leaves in autumn. 　　秋天有许多落叶。 　　The film describes the story about the police who pursue an escaped man. 　　这部电影描述的是警察抓逃犯的事。 　　常用的这一类词有：fallen， faded， returned， retired， risen， grown up， vanished等。 比较：一般来讲，及物动词的动词-ing形式修饰事物，其过去分词修饰人。 a surprising result一个惊人的结果 surprised girls吃惊的姑娘们 tiring music烦人的音乐 a tired man一个疲倦的人 When they heard the exciting news,they got excited.Then the excited people shouted loudly and cheered.当他们听到这一激动人心的消息时，他们变得激动起来。然后这些激动的人们大声地叫喊、欢呼。 2. 分词作宾语补足语 1） 跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch， have get， keep， hear， find， feel， leave， make， want， start， notice， observe， watch， set等。例如： 　　When they returned home from the holiday， they found their house stolen. 　　当他们度假完回到家时，发现房子被盗了。（过去分词表示被动） 　　We want this work finished quickly. 　　我们要求这项工作很快完成。 2）在复合宾语中，用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。例如： 　　There was so much noise that the speaker couldn't make himself heard. 　　由于十分吵闹，讲话人没法让人听到他的声音。 　　When he awoke， he found himself being looked after by an old woman. 　　他醒来的时候发现一位老大娘正在照顾他。 3. 分词作状语 1）分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况的可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如： 　　Confined to bed （= Because she was confined to bed）， she needed to be waited on in everything. 　　她卧病在床，什么事都需要人伺候。（作原因状语） 　　Having only book knowledge （= If you only have book knowledge）， you will not be able to work well. 　　如果只有书本知识，你就不可能做好工作。（作条件状语） 　　They stood there waiting for the bus. （=They stood there and waited for the bus.） 　　他们站在那里等公共汽车。（作方式状语） (1)、表示时间，分词短语一般至于句首。 　　多数情形下，分词动作发生于谓语动作之前，有时候分词动作和谓语动作同时发生。 　　e.g. Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.（分词动作发生于谓语动作之前） 　　Riding in the street during the rush hours, you must be careful.(分词动作和谓语动作同时发生) (2)、表示原因，分词短语可置于句首或句末，有时还可以置于主谓之间。 　　e.g. Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice. (3)、表示条件，通常放在句首 　　e.g. Given more time, I would be able to complete it. (4)、表示让步，通常放在句首 　　e.g. Having lived in Canada for three years, he still can`t speak English well. (5)、表结果，一般只放在句末。 　　e.g. I went home, finding the door locked (6)、表伴随状况，补充说明或方式，分词短语置于句首或句末均可。 　　e.g. He came running breathless and told me the results. 2） 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较 　　不管是现在分词还是过去分词作状语，如果单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致。分词作状语通常可以转换成一个相应的状语从句，如果状语从句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词；如果状语从句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。有时为了强调，分词前可带连词when， while， if， though， as if， unless等一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如： 　　Working hard （If you work hard）， you will succeed. 　　如果你努力，你会成功的。 　　Defeated （= Though he was defeated）， he remained a popular boxer. 　　虽然他被击败了，但他仍然是一个受人喜爱的拳击手。 4. 分词的独立结构 1）分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和谓语动词的主语一致。否则，分词必须有自己的主语，这种带主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构，或叫独立主格。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。例如： 　　The project finished, they had a two weeks' leave. 　　完成那个计划后，他们休了两周假。 　　He being absent, nothing could be done. 　　由于他缺席，什么事也没法干。 2） 独立结构有时也可以用“with/ without + 名词（或代词的宾语）+ 分词”的结构，表示伴随状况。例如： 　　They sat there silently,（with） their eyes fixed on the lake. 　　他们静静地坐在那里，眼睛看着湖面。 　　With him helping me, I felt lucky. 　　有他的帮助，我感到很幸运。 拓展1： 过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain, sound, feel等系动词之后； “get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。 例1：Though he was a new man, he got accustomed to the way of life here very soon. 例2： Tom sounds very interested in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it. be+动词的过去分词”，有时是系表结构，而不是被动语态，因为此时的过去分词已经形容词化了。常用于系表结构的过去分词有： astonished感到吃惊的 educated受过教育的 excited兴奋的 fallen落下的 frightened受惊的 gone过去的，消失的 interested感兴趣的 known著名的 learned有学问的 mistaken误解的，弄错的 retired退休的 returned已归来的 risen升起来的 upset心烦的 My watch is gone.我的手表不见了。 It’s not my fault.You are mistaken.这不是我的过错，你误会了。 拓展2： 部分动词常用于“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语 be absorbed in 被……吸引，专注于 be lost in 迷失在……中 be dressed in 穿着…… be caught/trapped/stuck in 被困在…… be occupied in 忙碌于…… be located/situated in 坐落在…… be equipped/furnished with 被配备…… be loaded/burdened with 担负着…… be faced with 面临着…… be accustomed/used to doing 习惯于做某事 be devoted/committed to doing 致力于做某事 be addicted to doing 对……上瘾 例：Absorbed in reading, Tom didn’t even notice his mom come in. 一、单句语法填空 二、完成句子 21．The careless driver was caught on camera __________ (闯红灯) at a busy intersection, causing a near-miss accident with a pedestrian who was crossing legally. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】running a red light 【详解】句意：这名粗心的司机被拍到在繁忙的十字路口闯红灯，引发了一起险发事故，差点撞到正常合规过马路的行人。“闯红灯”用动词短语run a red light，作主语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语driver之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。 22．Children love to see colorful ________ ________ (挂灯笼) everywhere. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 lanterns hanging 【详解】句意：孩子们喜欢看到到处都挂着五颜六色的灯笼。根据汉语提示“灯笼”可知，此处为名词lantern，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限制，需填名词复数形式，表示“挂”应用hang，此处为现在分词作宾补。 23．________________(晚上参观伦敦 ), we are a bit like in a dream. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】Visiting London at night 【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语和非谓语动词。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“参观伦敦”应为动词短语visit London；表示“在晚上”应为介词短语at night；结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，visit和逻辑主语we为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填Visiting London at night。 24．The valuable Chinese vase ________ (属于) my grandmother was broken by my little brother by accident. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】belonging to 【详解】句意：那只属于我奶奶的贵重中国花瓶被我弟弟不小心打碎了。汉语提示“属于”对应动词短语belong to。由于句子已有谓语was broken且belong to无被动形式，此空应是现在分词形式belonging to，作后置定语。 25．Exhausted from the day’s activities, he quickly fell asleep, _________ __________ (梦想着) coming adventures. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 dreaming of 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：一天的活动使他疲惫不堪，他很快就睡着了，梦想着即将到来的冒险。“梦想做某事”可表示为dream of doing sth，本句谓语为fell，故设空处为非谓语动词，dream与逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，用dreaming。故填dreaming of。 26．I’m sorry to make you ________________ (让你等我这么长时间). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】waiting for me so long 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抱歉让你等我这么长时间。表示“等待”短语为wait for，me作宾语，且与you构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补；表示“这么长时间”用so long。故填waiting for me so long。 27．There are some citizens ____________ (站在 ……前面) the painting. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】standing in front of 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有一些市民站在这幅画前面。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“站在……前面”用stand in front of，citizens与stand 为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填standing in front of。 28．As we know, a lot of things ________________ (在过去被认为不可能的) are common today. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】considered impossible in the past 【详解】句意：众所周知，许多过去被认为不可能的事情如今都变得很平常。表示认为用动词“consider”，修饰名词things，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，不可能的用形容词“impossible”，作主语补足语，在过去用介词短语“in the past”。 29．The place _________ _____ (被……环绕/包围) plants is good for our health. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 surrounded by 【详解】句意：被植物环绕的这个地方对我们的健康有益。“环绕，包围”用动词surround表示，根据汉语提示“被……环绕/包围”，固定短语surrounded by表被动含义，此处用过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词The place。 30．He raised his voice to make ____________ (让人听到他说话). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】himself heard 【详解】考查代词和非谓语动词。句意：他提高了嗓门以便让别人能听到他说话。此处为make oneself done结构，结合主语He可知用反身代词himself，hear与himself为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填himself heard。 一、语篇填空（分词专练） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 (see) from the top of the hill, our school looks beautiful. The students 2 (sit) under the tree are talking about their coming holiday.3 (inspire) by his teacher’s words, Tom makes up his mind to improve his weak subjects. He found his homework 4 (finish) before dinner yesterday.The game is very 5 (excite), so all the players feel 6 (encourage). I saw some boys 7 (play) basketball on the playground when I passed by.8 (walk) along the street, I noticed a broken bike 9 (lie) beside the road. 10 (tire) from daily study, I still stick to taking exercise every evening. 【导读】短文围绕校园日常见闻展开，全面考查分词核心考点：现在分词作状语、定语、宾语补足语；过去分词作状语、定语、宾补；-ing 修饰事物、-ed 修饰人的形容词化分词。 1. Seen原句译文：从山顶望去，我们的校园很漂亮。解析：句子主语 our school 和 see 是被动关系，“被眺望”，用过去分词作条件 / 方式状语，故填 Seen。 2. sitting原句译文：坐在树下的学生们正在讨论即将到来的假期。解析：students 与 sit 是主动关系，现在分词作后置定语，修饰 students，表示主动、正在进行，填 sitting。 3. Inspired原句译文：受到老师话语的鼓舞，汤姆下定决心补强薄弱学科。解析：主语 Tom 和 inspire 为被动关系 “被鼓舞”，过去分词置于句首作原因状语，填 Inspired。 4. finished原句译文：昨天晚饭前他就完成了作业。解析：固定结构 find + 宾语 + 宾补，homework 和 finish 是被动关系 “作业被完成”，过去分词作宾语补足语，填 finished。 5. exciting原句译文：这场比赛十分令人激动，所有选手都备受鼓舞。解析：exciting 修饰事物 game，表示 “令人激动的”；-ing 分词多指事物带给人的感受，填 exciting。 6. encouraged原句译文：这场比赛十分令人激动，所有选手都备受鼓舞。解析：encouraged 修饰主语 all the players，表 “（人）感到受鼓舞的”，-ed 分词多用来描述人的主观感受，填 encouraged。 7. playing原句译文：我路过的时候看见几个男孩正在操场上打篮球。解析：see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，现在分词作宾补，强调动作正在发生，填 playing。 8. Walking原句译文：沿着街道往前走时，我发现路边横着一辆坏掉的自行车。解析：主语 I 和 walk 是主动关系，“我行走”，现在分词作时间状语，填 Walking。 9. lying原句译文：沿着街道往前走时，我发现路边横着一辆坏掉的自行车。解析：宾语 a broken bike 和 lie 是主动关系，现在分词作宾补，表示状态，填 lying。 10. Tired原句译文：虽然日常学习很累，我仍旧坚持每晚锻炼身体。解析：be tired from 为固定搭配（因…… 疲惫），过去分词化形容词作状语，描述主语 I 的状态，填 Tired。 二、阅读理解 A Jake’s thick beard and rough, worn jacket made passers-by step aside nervously on the street. I worked at a community shelter that winter, and on my first day, I thought to myself: Jake looked more like someone you would avoid than a warm-hearted volunteer. One cold winter evening, a heavy snow fell suddenly. A little girl slipped on the icy road and was soon trapped by the freezing wind and thick snow. Her grandmother stood nearby, too weak to move and shouted for help in despair. Before anyone else could react, Jake rushed forward at once. He walked against the cold wind and struggled through the deep snow to reach the girl. Then he held her tightly and walked slowly back step by step to stay away from the slippery ice. I stood in the distance, too shocked to act. In just several minutes, he brought the little girl safely back to her grandma. The old lady, still weak but now holding her granddaughter tightly, turned away quietly and slowly disappeared into the snowy night. No warm thanks, no gentle smile — only their lonely figures fading into the night. I thought Jake would feel upset or complain about the cold reaction. However, he just brushed off the snow on his clothes and continued to help clear icy roads for other people. Later, I talked with him about that cold reception. He smiled softly, with cold wind still touching his face. “Kindness needs no praise. Actions speak louder than words.” He added, “The old lady was too frightened and cold at that moment. Stress always makes people ignore politeness.” That day I wrote in my diary: True kindness is often unnoticed, for it never comes with a perfect look we expect. Jake only volunteered with no extra reward, but his deeds showed his true inner beauty. Years later, every time I am about to judge others by their looks, I will recall Jake’s plain appearance and the little girl saved on that snowy night. I have kept reminding myself not to let prejudice blind the truth deep in one’s heart. 1．What first impression did Jake leave on the author? A．He was gentle and easy-going. B．He appeared funny and talkative. C．He was hard-working and helpful. D．He looked unfriendly and hard to get close to. 2．Why did Jake struggle through deep snow? A．To show his strong willpower. B．To rescue the trapped little girl. C．To win respect from passers-by. D．To finish his voluntary work earlier. 3．What lesson did the author learn from the experience? A．Bad weather may cause hidden dangers. B．People should always be polite to volunteers. C．We should never judge a person by appearance. D．Inner beauty is less important than fine physical looks. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Power of Stress B．A Lonely Grandmother C．A Terrible Snowy Night D．The Unthanked Volunteer 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】文章讲述杰克雪中救人未获感谢，使作者明白不能仅凭外表评判他人。 【详解】1．细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Jake looked more like someone you would avoid than a warm-hearted volunteer. (杰克看上去更像一个你会避开的人，而不是一个热心的志愿者。)”可知，作者对杰克的第一印象是他看起来不友好、难以接近。 2．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“A little girl slipped on the icy road and was soon trapped by the freezing wind and thick snow. Her grandmother stood nearby, too weak to move and shouted for help in despair. Before anyone else could react, Jake rushed forward at once. He walked against the cold wind and struggled through the deep snow to reach the girl. (一个小女孩在结冰的路上滑倒了，很快就被刺骨的寒风和厚厚的积雪困住。她的奶奶站在附近，虚弱得动弹不得，绝望地大声呼救。其他人还没来得及反应，杰克立刻冲了上去。他顶着寒风，在深雪中艰难前行，终于走到了小女孩身边。)”可知，杰克在深雪中挣扎是为了救被困的小女孩。 3．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“I have kept reminding myself not to let prejudice blind the truth deep in one’s heart. (我一直在提醒自己，不要让偏见蒙蔽了一个人内心深处的真相。)”以及全文通过杰克外表冷漠但内心善良的对比，可知作者学到的教训是“不要以貌取人”。 4．主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Years later, every time I am about to judge others by their looks, I will recall Jake’s plain appearance and the little girl saved on that snowy night. I have kept reminding myself not to let prejudice blind the truth deep in one’s heart. (多年以后，每当我想要以貌取人时，就会想起杰克那平凡的外表，以及那个雪夜被救的小女孩。我一直在提醒自己，不要让偏见蒙蔽了一个人内心深处的真相。)”可知，文章讲述了一个外表冷漠的志愿者杰克在雪夜救了一个小女孩，却没有得到感谢，他依然继续默默做好事。文章主旨是赞扬这种不求回报、不被感谢仍坚持行善的精神。D选项“The Unthanked Volunteer (未被感谢的志愿者)”最能概括全文主旨，是文章的最佳标题。 B AI Teaching in Louisa Schools: A Mixed Picture While less than half of the teachers nationwide have received AI training, Louisa County schools are embracing artificial intelligence in education. According to district data, 70% of Louisa teachers now use AI tools at least weekly — far above the national average reported in a recent EdWeek Research Center survey. (A report carried out nationwide released by the Center for Democracy and Technology) Tools and Guidance in Action The district has actively supported this growth. After teacher feedback called for clearer direction, Louisa developed practical AI guidelines and adopted SchoolAI, a platform designed for lesson planning and student activities. Trainings and a shared AI resource center have helped teachers integrate technology into classrooms. Challenges Remain Still, challenges remain. Some Louisa teachers do not use AI at all. Surveys show the main reasons include lack of training time, concerns about reliability, and limited access to tools. As one Trevilians Elementary teacher noted, practicing alone is very different from using AI with students. Student reactions are also mixed. Some worry AI could “take over the world,” while others appreciate its help as a learning assistant. Teachers like Marcia Flora are addressing fears by explaining that “AI is just one tool” and encouraging critical thinking. Looking Ahead Louisa continues to adjust its approach. One example is the AI “traffic light” that teachers could share with students to help make it clear on which parts of a particular assignment students could turn to AI for help. Green means students may use AI with citation; yellow means limited use; and red means no AI allowed. These tools help integrate AI into daily learning while encouraging proper use. As the technology develops, Louisa’s experience offers a real-time model of how schools can prepare students for a tech-driven future. 5．What percentage of the teachers nationwide are using AI in the classroom? A．3%. B．24%. C．61%. D．63%. 6．Why do some Louisa teachers avoid using AI? A．They feel AI is just a tool. B．They feel alone in using AI. C．They fear AI will take over the world. D．They feel unprepared to use AI. 7．What does the AI “traffic light” system do? A．It guides students on proper AI use. B．It limits teachers’ use of AI in lessons. C．It encourages students to use AI more. D．It is used to lecture students about online safety. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】文章主要介绍路易莎学区推广AI教学的现状、难题及应对办法。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据图片中的信息“I use them a lot(我经常使用它们)”可知，经常使用AI的老师占3%，“I use them some(我有时用它们)”可知，有时使用AI的老师是21%，“I use them a little(我用它们用得不多)”可知，用的不多的老师占37%，所以全国范围内，在课堂上使用人工智能的老师占比为61%。 6．细节理解题。根据Challenges Remain部分中“Surveys show the main reasons include lack of training time, concerns about reliability, and limited access to tools. As one Trevilians Elementary teacher noted, practicing alone is very different from using AI with students.(一些路易莎县的教师根本不使用人工智能。调查显示，主要原因包括缺乏培训时间、对可靠性的担忧以及工具获取受限。正如特里维利安斯小学一位教师指出的，独自练习与在学生中使用人工智能是截然不同的。)”可知，部分教师没有做好使用人工智能的准备。 7．细节理解题。根据Looking Ahead部分中“One example is the AI “traffic light” that teachers could share with students to help make it clear on which parts of a particular assignment students could turn to AI for help.(人工智能“红绿灯”可以让学生明确作业哪些部分能够借助人工智能。)”可知，该系统指导学生合理使用人工智能。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $