专题四:定语从句 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑假复习讲义

2026-06-25
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版九年级上册
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 49 KB
发布时间 2026-06-25
更新时间 2026-06-25
作者 xkw_077514445
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-06-25
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58490165.html
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专题四:定语从句 01 课前导学 关键词 内容 学习目标 1. 能正确理解定语从句的含义和结构。 2. 能正确使用关系代词(that / which / who)引导定语从句。 3. 能正确判断关系代词在从句中的成分。 4. 能正确区分关系代词与关系副词。 学习重点 1. 定语从句的结构。 2. 关系代词 that / which / who 的用法。 3. 关系代词在从句中作主语和宾语的用法。 4. 关系代词的省略规则。 学习难点 1. that / which / who 的区分。 2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时的省略。 3. 定语从句与宾语从句的区别。 4. 关系副词 when / where / why 的用法。 02 核心词汇预览 单词 音标 词性 中文 athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军 team /tiːm/ n. 团队 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神 effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 ability /əˈbɪləti/ n. 能力 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争 overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服 03 核心短语预览 短语 中文 the person who... 那个……的人 the thing that... 那个……的事物 the place where... 那个……的地方 the time when... 那个……的时间 the reason why... 那个……的原因 play an important role 发挥重要作用 work together 一起工作 make efforts 努力 in the end 最后 04 语法精讲与考点梳理 考点1:定语从句的定义与结构 【定义】 定语从句在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词,相当于形容词的作用。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 【适用场景/用法分类】 用法 说明 例句 修饰人 先行词是人 The boy who is reading is my brother. 修饰物 先行词是物 The book that I bought is interesting. 修饰时间 先行词是时间 I still remember the day when we met. 修饰地点 先行词是地点 This is the school where I studied. 【结构公式】 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 【要点详解】 先行词是被修饰的名词或代词 关系词引导定语从句,替代先行词在从句中作成分 关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose 关系副词:when, where, why ⚠️ 定语从句紧跟在先行词后面 【例句】 ✅ The boy who is reading is my brother. ✅ The book that I bought is very interesting. ✅ I know the man who is standing there. ❌ The boy who he is reading is my brother.(从句中主语重复) 【练习1】 The boy ______ is reading is my brother. A. which  B. who  C. whom  D. whose 【答案】 B 【详解】 句意:正在读书的那个男孩是我的弟弟。本空考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词 The boy 是人,在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 B。 【练习2】 The book ______ I bought is very interesting. 【答案】 that / which 【详解】 句意:我买的那本书很有趣。本空考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词 The book 是物,在从句中作宾语,用 that 或 which。故填 that / which。 考点2:关系代词 that / which / who 的用法 【定义】that / which / who 是定语从句中最常用的三个关系代词,分别用于指代物、人和物。 【适用场景/用法分类】 关系代词 指代 充当成分 例句 who 人 主语/宾语 The man who called you is my uncle. whom 人(宾格) 宾语 The man whom you met is my uncle. which 物 主语/宾语 The book which is on the desk is mine. that 人或物 主语/宾语 The book that I like is interesting. whose 人或物(所属) 定语 The boy whose father is a teacher is my friend. 【结构公式】 who / that(人)+ 谓语 + 其他 which / that(物)+ 谓语 + 其他 whose + 名词(所属关系) 【要点详解】 who 指人,在从句中作主语或宾语 which 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语 that 可指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语 whom 指人,在从句中只能作宾语(常用 who 代替) whose 表示“……的”,在从句中作定语 ⚠️ that 和 which 在指物时常可互换 【例句】 ✅ The man who called you is my uncle. ✅ The book that is on the desk is mine. ✅ The girl whom I met is my classmate. ✅ The boy whose father is a doctor is my friend. ❌ The man which called you is my uncle.(指人用 who) 【练习1】 The man ______ called you is my uncle. A. which  B. whom  C. who  D. whose 【答案】 C 【详解】 句意:给你打电话的那个男人是我的叔叔。本空考查关系代词的选择。先行词 The man 是人,在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 C。 【练习2】 The book ______ is on the desk is mine. 【答案】 that / which 【详解】 句意:桌子上的那本书是我的。本空考查关系代词的选择。先行词 The book 是物,在从句中作主语,用 that 或 which。故填 that / which。 考点3:关系代词 that 与 which 的区别 【定义】that 和 which 都可以指物,但在某些情况下只能用 that,不能用 which。 【适用场景/用法分类】 只能用that的情况 说明 例句 先行词是 all, everything, nothing, something 等 不定代词 All that I need is water. 先行词被序数词修饰 第几个 This is the first book that I read. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 最……的 This is the best movie that I have seen. 先行词被 the only, the very 等修饰 唯一的 She is the only person that can help me. 先行词既有人又有物 人+物 We talked about the people and places that we visited. 【要点详解】 which 不能用于上述情况 非限制性定语从句中只能用 which,不能用 that 介词后不能用 that ⚠️ that 不能用于非限制性定语从句 【例句】 ✅ All that I need is your help. ✅ This is the best movie that I have ever seen. ✅ She is the only person that can help me. ✅ We talked about the people and places that we visited. ❌ This is the best movie which I have ever seen.(最高级修饰,用 that) 【练习1】 This is the best movie ______ I have ever seen. A. that  B. which  C. who  D. whom 【答案】 A 【详解】 句意:这是我看过的最好的电影。本空考查that 与 which 的区别。先行词被形容词最高级修饰,只能用 that。故选 A。 【练习2】 All ______ I need is your help. 【答案】 that 【详解】 句意:我所需要的就是你的帮助。本空考查that 与 which 的区别。先行词是不定代词 all,只能用 that。故填 that。 考点4:关系代词在从句中的成分 【定义】 关系代词在定语从句中充当一定的成分,通常是主语或宾语。判断关系代词在从句中的作用,决定了关系代词能否省略。 【适用场景/用法分类】 成分 说明 例句 作主语 关系代词 + 谓语 The man who called you is here.(who作主语) 作宾语 主语 + 关系代词 + 谓语 The man whom you met is here.(whom作宾语) 作定语 whose + 名词 The boy whose father is a teacher is here. 【结构公式】 作主语:先行词 + 关系代词(作主语)+ 谓语 作宾语:先行词 + 主语 + 关系代词(作宾语)+ 谓语 【要点详解】 关系代词在从句中作主语时,不能省略 关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略 whose 在从句中作定语,修饰名词,不能省略 ⚠️ 作主语时关系代词不能省略 【例句】 ✅ The man who called you is my uncle.(who作主语,不能省略) ✅ The book (that) I bought is interesting.(that作宾语,可省略) ✅ The boy whose father is a teacher is my friend.(whose作定语,不能省略) ❌ The man called you is my uncle.(缺少关系代词) 【练习1】 The man ______ called you is my uncle. A. which  B. whom  C. who  D. 不填 【答案】 C 【详解】 句意:给你打电话的那个男人是我的叔叔。本空考查关系代词作主语。who 在从句中作主语,不能省略。故选 C。 【练习2】 The book ______ I bought is interesting. 【答案】 that / which / 不填 【详解】 句意:我买的那本书很有趣。本空考查关系代词作宾语。that 或 which 在从句中作宾语,可以省略。故填 that / which / 不填。 考点5:定语从句与宾语从句的区别 【定义】定语从句和宾语从句虽然都是由引导词引导的从句,但功能和结构完全不同。 【适用场景/用法分类】 对比项 定语从句 宾语从句 功能 作定语,修饰名词 作宾语,跟在动词/介词后 引导词 关系代词/副词 that / if / whether / 连接代词/副词 先行词 必须有 没有 引导词功能 在从句中作成分 仅起连接作用(that除外) that 指代先行词 无指代,可省略 【要点详解】 定语从句有先行词(被修饰的名词) 宾语从句没有先行词 定语从句的引导词在从句中作成分 宾语从句的引导词只起连接作用 ⚠️ 注意区分 who 在两种从句中的不同作用 【例句】 ✅ The boy who is reading is my brother.(定语从句,who作主语) ✅ I know that he is reading.(宾语从句,that只起连接作用) ✅ The book that I read is interesting.(定语从句,that作宾语) ✅ I think that the book is interesting.(宾语从句,that只起连接作用) 【练习1】 The boy ______ is reading is my brother. A. who  B. that  C. whom  D. which 【答案】 A 【详解】 句意:正在读书的那个男孩是我的弟弟。本空考查定语从句的关系代词。有先行词 The boy,且在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 A。 【练习2】 I think ______ he is a good student. 【答案】 that 【详解】 句意:我认为他是一个好学生。本空考查宾语从句的引导词。从句跟在动词 think 后面作宾语,没有先行词,用 that。故填 that。 05 重点归纳 一、关系代词用法表 关系代词 指代 充当成分 能否省略 who 人 主语/宾语 作宾语时可省略 whom 人 宾语 可省略 which 物 主语/宾语 作宾语时可省略 that 人或物 主语/宾语 作宾语时可省略 whose 人或物 定语(所属) 不能省略 二、只能用 that 的情况 情况 例句 先行词是不定代词(all, everything, nothing等) All that I need is water. 先行词被序数词修饰 the first book that I read 先行词被最高级修饰 the best movie that I have seen 先行词被 the only / the very 修饰 the only person that can help me 先行词既有人又有物 the people and places that we visited 三、定语从句与宾语从句对比表 对比项 定语从句 宾语从句 有无先行词 ✅ 有 ❌ 无 功能 作定语 作宾语 that的作用 指代先行词 只起连接作用 引导词在从句中 作成分 仅连接 四、易错点 易错点 正确 错误 who/which 混用 The man who... / The book which... The man which... / The book who... that 与 which the best movie that... the best movie which... 作宾语时省略 The book I bought... The book I bought it... whose 用法 The boy whose father... The boy who’s father... 从句成分重复 The man who called you... The man who he called you... 06 过关检测 一、单项选择(共15题) 1. The boy ______ is reading is my brother. A. which  B. who  C. whom  D. whose 2. The book ______ I bought is very interesting. A. who  B. whom  C. which  D. whose 3. The man ______ called you is my uncle. A. which  B. whom  C. who  D. whose 4. The book ______ is on the desk is mine. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. that 5. This is the best movie ______ I have ever seen. A. that  B. which  C. who  D. whom 6. All ______ I need is your help. A. that  B. which  C. who  D. whom 7. The boy ______ father is a teacher is my friend. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. which 8. The girl ______ I met is my classmate. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. which 9. We talked about the people and places ______ we visited. A. who  B. which  C. that  D. whom 10. She is the only person ______ can help me. A. which  B. whom  C. whose  D. that 11. The book ______ I read is interesting. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. that 12. I know the man ______ is standing there. A. which  B. who  C. whom  D. whose 13. This is the first book ______ I have read. A. which  B. who  C. that  D. whom 14. The boy ______ you met is my brother. A. which  B. who  C. whom  D. whose 15. He is the man ______ car was stolen. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. which 二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共10题) 1. The boy ______ (who / which) is reading is my brother. 2. The book ______ (who / that) I bought is very interesting. 3. The man ______ (who / which) called you is my uncle. 4. This is the best movie ______ (that / which) I have ever seen. 5. All ______ (that / which) I need is your help. 6. The boy ______ (who / whose) father is a teacher is my friend. 7. The girl ______ (who / whom) I met is my classmate. 8. The book ______ (that / who) is on the desk is mine. 9. She is the only person ______ (who / that) can help me. 10. This is the first book ______ (which / that) I have read. 三、完成句子(共6题) 1. 正在读书的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 The boy ______ ______ ______ is my brother. 2. 我买的那本书很有趣。 The book ______ ______ ______ is very interesting. 3. 给你打电话的那个男人是我的叔叔。 The man ______ ______ ______ is my uncle. 4. 父亲是老师的那个男孩是我的朋友。 The boy ______ ______ is a teacher is my friend. 5. 这是我读过的最好的书。 This is the best book ______ ______ ______ ______. 6. 我所需要的就是你的帮助。 All ______ ______ ______ is your help. 四、短文填空(共10空) 用关系代词 who / which / that / whose 填空,使短文完整、通顺。 I have a good friend ______ (1) name is Tom. He is a boy ______ (2) loves sports. He plays basketball every day. The basketball ______ (3) he uses is a gift from his father. He is the best player ______ (4) I have ever seen. He is a person ______ (5) never gives up. The team ______ (6) he plays for is very strong. His coach is a man ______ (7) has a lot of experience. The thing ______ (8) I admire most is his spirit. He always helps the people ______ (9) are in need. He is the kind of person ______ (10) everyone likes. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. B【详解】先行词 The boy 是人,在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 B。 2. C【详解】先行词 The book 是物,在从句中作宾语,用 which。故选 C。 3. C【详解】先行词 The man 是人,在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 C。 4. D【详解】先行词 The book 是物,在从句中作主语,用 that。故选 D。 5. A【详解】先行词被最高级修饰,只能用 that。故选 A。 6. A【详解】先行词是不定代词 all,只能用 that。故选 A。 7. C【详解】表示“……的”用 whose。故选 C。 8. B【详解】先行词 The girl 是人,在从句中作宾语,用 whom。故选 B。 9. C【详解】先行词既有人又有物,用 that。故选 C。 10. D【详解】先行词被 the only 修饰,用 that。故选 D。 11. D【详解】先行词 The book 是物,在从句中作宾语,用 that。故选 D。 12. B【详解】先行词 The man 是人,在从句中作主语,用 who。故选 B。 13. C【详解】先行词被序数词修饰,用 that。故选 C。 14. C【详解】先行词 The boy 是人,在从句中作宾语,用 whom。故选 C。 15. C【详解】表示“……的”用 whose。故选 C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. who(先行词是人,作主语) 2. that(先行词是物,作宾语) 3. who(先行词是人,作主语) 4. that(最高级修饰,用 that) 5. that(不定代词,用 that) 6. whose(表示“……的”) 7. whom(先行词是人,作宾语) 8. that(先行词是物,作主语) 9. that(the only 修饰,用 that) 10. that(序数词修饰,用 that) 三、完成句子 1. who is reading(先行词是人,作主语) 2. that I bought(先行词是物,作宾语,可用 which) 3. who called you(先行词是人,作主语) 4. whose father(表示“……的”) 5. that I have ever read(最高级修饰,用 that) 6. that I need(不定代词,用 that) 四、短文填空 1. whose(表示“他的”) 2. who / that(先行词是 boy,作主语) 3. which / that(先行词是物,作宾语) 4. that(最高级修饰,用 that) 5. who / that(先行词是人,作主语) 6. which / that(先行词是物,作宾语) 7. who / that(先行词是人,作主语) 8. which / that(先行词是物,作主语) 9. who / that(先行词是人,作主语) 10. that(the kind of 修饰,用 that) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题四:定语从句 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑假复习讲义
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专题四:定语从句 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑假复习讲义
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专题四:定语从句 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑假复习讲义
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