暑假作业16 阅读理解之说明文20篇（江苏省联考真题）（巩固培优）高一英语译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦江苏联考真题，20篇说明文阅读构建“细节-词义-推理-主旨”四层训练体系，强化语言理解与逻辑推断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|约32题（如“考试焦虑解决方法”题1）|考查具体信息定位|从文本表层信息提取到精准匹配| |词义猜测|约16题（如“feasible”“assimilate”题）|结合上下文推断生词含义|语境分析能力向词汇深度理解过渡| |推理判断|约20题（如“慢旅行未来趋势”题4）|基于原文进行逻辑推断|文本信息整合与合理引申的思维训练| |主旨大意|约12题（如“TQ概念”题4）|概括段落或全文主旨|局部信息归纳到整体认知的升华|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业16 阅读理解之说明文20篇（江苏联考真题） （2025高一上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源). Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test. The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test. Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not. “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, and who’d done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and grades. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these tests.” But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance. 1．What may the students start worrying about before an exam? A．What other students do during the test B．Whether they can pass the exams C．Whether they have remembered the materials. D．What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper. 2．What is the solution developed by the two researchers? A．Asking the students to think nothing of the test. B．Asking the students to focus on the test C．Asking the students to write about their worries before the test. D．Asking the students to sit quietly before the test. 3．According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ________. A．became less nervous before the test. B．were better at controlling their feelings. C．did better than those who took two tests D．did worse than those who wrote about their feelings. 4．What can be learned from the last paragraph? A．Writing about worries before an exam can work a bit. B．Studying in the library can improve students’ performance. C．It doesn’t matter where to write about worries before an exam. D．Students can only write about worries right before an exam. （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）In recent years, the concept of “slow travel” has appeared as a reaction to the fast-paced, mass tourism that dominates (主宰) the industry. Slow travel encourages travelers to engage deeply with local cultures, stay longer in destinations, and form meaningful connections with local communities. One of the key principles of slow travel is to reduce environmental impact. By choosing to stay in locally-owned accommodations, eating at family-run restaurants, and using public transportation or bicycles, travelers can greatly decrease their carbon footprint. For instance, a study found that tourists who engage in slow travel produce up to 70% less greenhouse gas emissions compared to those on traditional package tours. Slow travel also allows for a deeper cultural understanding. Instead of rushing through tourist attractions, slow travelers take the time to participate in local traditions, learn about historical importance, and interact with locals. This not only enriches the travel experience but also provides economic benefits to local communities. In some rural areas, “slow travel” has helped preserve (保存) endangered crafts and save dying traditions. However, slow travel is not without challenges. It requires more planning and flexibility. As travelers need to research local customs, transportation options, and authentic (真实的) experiences. Additionally, slow travel may not be feasible for everyone due to time or budget (预算) limit. For busy professionals or families with limited vacation days, spending weeks in a single destination may seem unrealistic. Despite these challenges, the slow travel movement continues to grow. Travelers are becoming more aware of their environmental and cultural impact, and many are seeking more authentic and sustainable ways to explore the world. As a result, travel companies are starting to offer more slow-travel options, such as longer home-stays and cultural experience programs. 1．Which is the benefit of slow travel? A．It can save money on traveling. B．It can be more environmentally friendly. C．It can increase the income of travel companies. D．It can allow travelers to visit more places hurriedly. 2．What can we learn about slow travel from the third paragraph? A．It has little impact on local economies. B．It focuses on interactions with travelers. C．It discourages travelers from learning about history. D．It may contribute to the preservation of traditional crafts. 3．What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in this context? A．desirable B．affordable C．practical D．classical 4．What can be inferred about the future of slow travel? A．It will cost less as time passes. B．It will only be accessible to rich travelers. C．It may become more popular in the future. D．It will take the place of traditional tourism entirely. （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）New era requires a new vocabulary. Will we still talk about the “mobile” phone when all phones are mobile, or when they are implanted within us? Technology is everywhere nowadays, especially at work. Some people are really good at using all the cool new tools that keep popping up. They have something called a TQ, or technology quotient. Think of it like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re good at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet. The examples are common and becoming more and more frequent. For the parents it might be a home-school video class. For the brand manager it might be search engine boosting, which helps the brand’s content rank higher in search results. And for the doctor, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan. TQ tries to quantify our ability to make wise use of present technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and make use of future creations. This adoption is of great importance from a variety of perspectives, from social to business. One trip into the world of ChatGPT and we can see how the way AI and search interact and operate is changing for just about everyone. Any Mom or Dad can understand the value of IQ and EQ in predicting the potential for a child’s success. But what about technology? The ability for the child and the teacher to understand, embrace and assimilate technology will be a key aspect of their lives as we speed into the future. We are increasingly defined by technology and our active participation in everything from smartphones to Facebook. It might just be time for the basic human needs of food, water and shelter to include technology too. And when that happens, it just might be a good idea to measure it. While this shift brings challenges, it’s unstoppable. As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable advantage. 1．What is TQ according to the text? A．Ability to use new technologies. B．Skill of repairing high-tech products. C．Talent to follow modern changes. D．Speed of learning new languages. 2．Which of the following people has a high TQ? A．A doctor who analyzes CT scans with AI assistance. B．A manager who often uses modern search engines. C．A grandparent who finds new tech devices challenging. D．A mom who watches videos of her child’s school life. 3．What does the underlined word “assimilate” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．Depend on. B．Take in. C．Lie in. D．Insist on. 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Why Are IQ and EQ Important for TQ? B．What Makes TQ the New Intelligence? C．How Has TQ Changed in the Modern Era? D．Where to Start Adapting to TQ Changes? （2025高一上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether tears of joy or sadness, it’s remarkable how moving images on a screen can command our emotions. In fact, such moments are often carefully planned. But what about those heart-breaking stories made for children? They don’t seem to sugarcoat the harsh realities of the world. Actually, many great children’s films filled with tragedy are purposefully designed to evoke strong feelings. According to Aristotle, tragedy helps us confront life’s unsolvable dilemmas through thoughtful reflection. Therefore, the presence of tragedy in kids’ movies serves to teach them how to handle, understand, and ultimately heal from pain. One of the hardest lessons for a child is learning to deal with loss, especially when it’s sudden. The classic cartoon The Lion King tells the story of Simba, who experiences the profound loss of his father. Children see themselves in Simba — a character with dreams, a desire to grow, and a longing to be part of a bigger world. Yet, witnessing his loss is truly heartbreaking. Why, then, is a film that brings children to tears so beloved? The lesson it imparts is about overcoming suffering and moving forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, this phrase from The Lion King teaches children that it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not let it define them. It’s a crucial lesson learned at a very young age. Sadness should not be ignored; it’s important to feel it, which is why these films are so powerful. In Dumbo, Charlotte’s Web, and Bridge to Terabithia, we lose beloved characters. This deeply upsets young viewers, but it also teaches them to accept sadness and create something new from it. So, what is the core message behind a sad children’s movie? It aims to teach the audience, especially children, how to gain independence and free themselves from the grip of tragedy. These stories act as a cushion, separating fiction from reality. They help children navigate sad feelings when they arise in real life, or at least find relief by embracing the spirit of Hakuna Matata. 1．Why does the author mention “first cry” in paragraph 1? A．To promote a movie. B．To explain the reason. C．To support an argument. D．To introduce the topic. 2．What does the underlined phrase “Hakuna Matata” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Defining sadness as a treatment. B．Challenging oneself with tragic losses. C．Searching for knowledge to enrich life. D．Heading forward without being trapped. 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Sad kids’ movies help children to escape from reality. B．Sad kids’ movies prepare children for life struggles. C．Children can learn to ignore sadness in tragedy. D．Children can find a way to hide sad feelings. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Why Are Great Kids’ Movies So Sad? B．What Is the Power of Great Kids’ Movies? C．Life’s Hardest Lesson: How Movies Encourage Us? D．Moving Beyond Reality: What Kids’ Movies Teach Us? （2025高一上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）An artificial intelligence (AI) software has been developed that can interpret hard-to-read texts on cuneiform tablets. It was created by a team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and Mainz University of Applied Sciences. Unlike previous methods that relied on photographs, the researchers used 3D models of nearly 2,000 cuneiform tablets — about 50 of which were from a collection at MLU — achieving significantly more reliable results. According to Hubert Mara, an assistant professor at MLU, approximately one million cuneiform tablets still exist worldwide, but many are heavily weathered and therefore difficult to decipher. His lab proposed the idea of developing an AI system based on 3D models. This new system interprets characters more effectively than earlier approaches. In principle, the AI operates similarly to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software, which converts images of writing into machine-readable text. “OCR typically uses photographs, which works well for ink on paper. However, with cuneiform tablets, it's more challenging because lighting conditions greatly affect how well certain characters can be identified,” explains Ernst Stötzer from MLU. The team trained the new AI software, which successfully recognized the symbols on the tablets. “We were surprised that our system performed so well, even on heavily weathered tablets,” says Stötzer. The researchers’ work represents a major step forward in the study of ancient writing systems and opens up many new avenues for scientific exploration. Currently, the software can translate symbols from two languages, but there are a total of twelve known cuneiform languages. In the future, the software could also help decipher other weathered inscriptions, which, like cuneiform, are three-dimensional. 1．What is the purpose of the new AI system? A．To create 3D models for damaged cuneiform tablets. B．To discover cuneiform tablets all over the world. C．To read symbols on cuneiform tablets. D．To date different cuneiform tablets. 2．What makes the new AI system different from previous methods? A．It is based on 3D models. B．It uses a set of OCR software. C．It can recognize computer texts. D．It includes twelve cuneiform languages. 3．What impressed Stötzer during the research? A．The long history of cuneiform tablets. B．The effectiveness of the new AI system. C．The influence of ancient writing systems. D．The difficulty of protecting weathered inscriptions. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the new AI system? A．Indifferent. B．Objective. C．Curious. D．Positive. （2025高一上·江苏南京·阶段检测）In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 1．What is the current view on rocket emissions? A．Their impact will become severe. B．Their distribution is location-limited. C．They will decrease at a faster speed. D．They can be removed by precipitation. 2．Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A．To seek potential solutions. B．To look into their future effect. C．To address climate change challenges. D．To figure out the leading contributors. 3．What is the function of paragraph 6? A．To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B．To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C．To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D．To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B．Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C．Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D．Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）In the USA, many high schools and some colleges and universities have a special celebration (庆典) once a year called Homecoming. Former students and teachers come back to the school to enjoy the memories of their time there and the many Homecoming activities. Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week. High schools usually choose one boy and one girl from the senior class to be the “Homecoming King” and “Homecoming Queen”: The students usually choose a boy and a girl who have done a lot for the school. Most schools have a Homecoming parade (游行). The school band will often lead the way, followed by many different cars and trucks. Most schools also have a football game for Homecoming — and, of course, tailgate parties. A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someone’s pick-up truck. There are many other activities that might be a part of the Homecoming celebration. There might be a school-wide picnic one day; another day, there may be plays, concerts, competitions or games, all depending on a school’s traditions. Homecoming celebrations nearly always end with a dance and/or a great dinner. The school is decorated beautifully, and a band is paid to come and play. Students dress up: guys in suits and girls in beautiful dresses. 1．Homecoming in the USA ________. A．is held only in high schools B．is held to celebrate the birth of schools C．might last from one day to one week D．might be prepared for students only 2．“King and Queen of Homecoming” are chosen according to ________. A．their contributions to the school B．their healthy bodies C．their excellent. grades in study D．their good-looking faces 3．All the activities might be found at the Homecoming except ________. A．an exam B．a football game C．a picnic D．a parade 4．The “tailgate” is most probably ________ a truck or a car. A．in front of B．in the middle of C．on the top of D．at the back of （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Imagine trying to sleep while cars roar past your window and airplanes thunder overhead. Not only is the noise annoying (令人恼怒的) — it could actually be damaging your health. Scientists have known for decades that constant loud sounds can hurt us, but it is only in recent years that it has been seen as a common and serious problem. In a new review of previously published studies, researchers from Germany and Denmark took a look at the ways in which noises, such as an airplane passing by or jackhammer digging in the ground, can affect our hearts. Perhaps the most obvious impact of a loud sound while you are sleeping is that it can wake you up. But, even if you don’t remember hearing the noise or you don’t physically get out of bed, it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize. “Noise is not just causing annoyance, but it actually makes us sick,” said Dr. Thomas Münzel, a professor at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. “Regardless of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels (分贝), it can increase the risk of heart disease.” When our body hears these noises, it reacts with a stress reaction. In this case, these sudden and unexpected noises cause hormones (荷尔蒙) to speed up and eventually damage the heart. Although the chance that a single noise will affect you is unlikely, it’s the continuous exposure (接触) to the sound that can finally affect you. “But our heart health isn’t the only cause for concern. Long-term noise may also raise the risk of type 2 diabetes (糖尿病), depression, and anxiety disorders,” he warns. In the future, Münzel plans to examine how noises from cars, planes, and other vehicles affect the brain. But despite the amount or the depth of research he conducts, it’ll take the help of politicians to improve the effect of noise on our health. “Politicians have to take into account, in particular, the new findings,” Münzel said, “As for aircraft noise and airports, it is important to make new laws and set new lower noise limits that protect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport.” 1．Which word can replace the underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 2? A．Defeat. B．Challenge. C．Attract. D．Harm. 2．Which of the following statements would Dr. Münzel probably agree with? A．People who sleep lightly are more likely to be affected by noise than deep sleepers. B．Any noise above 60 decibels will definitely cause heart disease. C．Politicians should play a role in reducing noise pollution. D．New laws should focus on protecting airport owners rather than nearby residents. 3．The author’s tone in the passage is best described as . A．positive B．concerned C．humorous D．amazed 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．How Noise Pollution Harms Our Body B．Who Is Responsible for Noise Pollution C．How Münzel Carried Out His Research D．What Should Be Done to Stop Noise （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）“When I think of England, I think of the queen taking her dogs for a walk in the countryside,” says Carsten Haferkamp, a dog-owning German architect working in London. There may be something in the stereotype. Data from Tractive, a firm that provides GPS tracking for pets, show that Britons walk their dogs more than their European neighbours do. The British love for dog-walking may have more to do with the walking than the dogs. Britons are big walkers — they came fifth in the world in a study in 2017, the highest in Europe. Dogs provide walkers with company (陪伴) and a purpose, so it may be that walking encourages dog-ownership, not the other way around. But Julien Dugnoille, an expert at Exeter University, thinks dog-walking has a deeper significance. Dogs, he suggests, are a useful aid to a socially awkward nation. “Britons tend to see dog-walking as a rare opportunity to socialise with strangers, to have a chat with strangers and exchange a few jokes and comments about the weather without putting themselves in danger (i.e., without being too committed in their interaction).” The British aristocracy (贵族) has a tradition of keeping and training dogs. This makes Dr Dr Dugnoille think that dog-walking still has some of its old glory (荣耀). Dr Dr Dugnoille says that when people in the park say “Max is very well-behaved”, “it’s a way to show that they are good at taming (驯养) dogs. This is an advantage over those dog owners who can’t control their own dogs.” However, Britons shouldn’t feel too proud about how they treat their dogs, because they are all hypocritical (虚伪的) to some extent. Dr Carri Westgarth from Liverpool University says, “People say a dog needs a walk every day, but they will find excuses for why their dog doesn’t need a walk. They will say: he has company inside, he is nervous or he doesn’t like the rain.” 1．Why does the author mention the queen in paragraph 1? A．To demonstrate the queen’s love for dogs. B．To show the British love for walking dogs. C．To show a foreigner’s impression of England. D．To introduce the importance of dog-walking for Europeans. 2．What can we infer from Julien Dugnoille’s view? A．Dog-walking contributes to easy social communications. B．Britons are very confident when socializing with strangers. C．Britons prefer to walk rather than walk the dog. D．Britons have deep conversations with strangers during dog-walking. 3．Some British dog owners say their dogs don’t need a walk. According to Dr Carri Westgarth, which of the following statements might be the real reason? A．The dogs are too old to walk. B．The owners are too busy to take them out. C．The dogs have company indoors. D．The dogs prefer to stay at home all day. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Love Your Dog, Walk Your Dog B．Dog-walking: A New Fashion in Britain C．Dog-Walking in Britain: More Than Just a Walk D．Dog-walking in Britain: A Great Helper for Socializing （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let the other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and take no notice of anyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance (表达) of information, correspondence (通信), means of communication: a letter or a message”. To keep a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, and ask them politely to listen to you. Shouting or walking away only makes the situation worse. Here is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, but when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let it go. Communication is the key here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way matter: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, tell the other person how you feel — listening is the key to communication. 1．The underlined phrase “ drift apart” in Paragraph 2 means __________. A．distance yourself from others B．move along smoothly C．keep up with others D．come closer to each other 2．According to the passage, communication begins with ________. A．sharing your own feelings openly B．being aware of others’ needs and feelings C．starting a talk with a written message D．responding to others’ actions immediately 3．The author uses Sophie’s example in paragraph 6 to show that ________. A．parents should always forgive their kids B．communication is the key to solving problems C．it’s rude to leave a party early D．friends are more important than parents 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．You don’t need to talk to your parents if you are mad. B．Shouting at your parents will make things better. C．Listening is important for effective communication. D．Communication is only necessary for kids and parents. （2025高一上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25,000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent over chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1．What did the recent study find? A．An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change B．Daily short but intense activities do good to health. C．Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise D．More physical exercises can make you more active. 2．What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A．Continuously. B．Energetically. C．Regularly. D．Creatively. 3．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．Research purposes. B．Research limitations. C．Research methods. D．Research findings. 4．What would Stamatakis suggest? A．Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. B．Avoiding movement of light intensity. C．Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D．Going to exercise at fixed time and place. （2025高一上·江苏南通·阶段检测）Social media provides materialists with perfect opportunities to compare themselves with others, which makes them subject to passive and addictive user behavior. This stresses them out and, ultimately, leads to low life satisfaction, according to a new study. The researchers headed by Dr. Phillip Ozimek from Germany employed 1,230 people for their online survey. In order to participate, respondents had to visit at least one social media channel at least once a week. On average, the participants stated they spent just over two hours a day on social media. The team used six different questionnaires to determine the extent to which the participants had a materialistic attitude and tended to compare themselves with others, whether they used social media more actively or passively, whether they were addicted to social media, how stressed and how satisfied they were with their lives. “The data showed a stronger materialistic approach goes hand in hand with a tendency to compare oneself with others,” points out Ozimek. This comparison is easy to make on social media, primarily through passive use—by looking at the content posted by other users. Materialism and passive use were also linked to addictive use of social media. “Users are constantly thinking about the respective channels and fear they’re missing out on something if they aren’t online,” explains Ozimek. “This in turn leads to poorer mental health like stress. The final link in the chain is reduced life satisfaction.” “Overall, the study provides further evidence that the use of social media is associated with risks, especially for people with a highly materialistic mindset,” says the psychologist. “This is particularly worrying, because social media can stimulate and increase materialistic values through influencer marketing. Meanwhile, the platforms attract materialists anyway, as they’re a perfect way to satisfy materialistic needs.” “It’s definitely a good idea to be aware of the amount of time you spend on social media and to reduce it,” recommends Ozimek, who advises against giving up social media completely. “If you did, you’re likely to over-correct.” He also suggests recording materialism and social media use in patients undergoing treatment for mental health disorders. “While these factors are often irrelevant, they can be a starting point for additional interventions patients can try out at home.” 1．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Virtual World, the Real Danger B．Showing Superiority Causes Heavy Media Use C．More Social Media Materialism, Less Happiness D．Materialistic Values: A Stepping Stone to Discontent 2．To qualify for the survey, a participant must________. A．be a big spender B．specialize in data analysis C．be a regular social media user D．upload web surfing history 3．What kind of feeling is expressed by Ozimek in paragraph 6? A．Pessimism. B．Sympathy. C．Shock. D．Concern. 4．What does Ozimek propose concerning using social media? A．Restricting the time spent. B．Logging onto well-rated websites. C．Quitting it for good. D．Banning patients from using it. （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）“There’s no place like home.” This English saying has much truth in it: the best place to be is surrounded by our treasured possessions (所有物) and our loved ones and with a roof over our head. And for many young adults, it’s the only affordable place to stay: somewhere where they can receive first-class service from Mum and Dad. But this comes at a price! In some countries, it’s quite traditional for people in their late teens and early 20s to live at home with their parents, but in other places, flying the nest to start their own independent life is very desirable. But there’s been a growing trend, in the UK at least, for young people to return home to live — or not to leave home at all. A survey found that 18% of adult children in the UK said they were moving back home because of debt, compared with 8% last year. More young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn’t afford their rent compared with the previous year. So, it’s easy to see why they’re increasingly becoming home birds. The BBC’s Lucy Hooker explains that many returning adult children enjoy home comforts. But for the“hoteliers”, that’s Mum and Dad, the survey found the average cost to them has gone up sharply, and that they are sacrificing (牺牲) luxuries and holidays to look after their “big kids”. Emma Craig from Money supermarket says “They’re trying to look after their children more. If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially (经济上), you feel more awkward (令人尴尬的) asking them for rent or to contribute.” With parents spending around £1,886 on takeaway food, buying new furniture and upgrading their Wi-Fi for the benefit of their offspring, it’s easy for the returning children to put their feet up and make themselves at home. That’s before they learn a home truth — that one day it might be their own kids who’ll be checking into the hotel of Mum and Dad! 1．Which proverb might present the young British’s living conditions? A．A lazy youth, an awful age. B．Two heads are better than one C．East or west, home is best. D．Nothing comes wrong to a hungry man. 2．Which might be the reason for the increase of home birds? A．The popularity of living independently. B．Looking after their old parents. C．The increase of unemployment rate. D．Their parents’ financial offer. 3．What’s Emma Craig’s attitude towards home birds? A．Doubtful. B．Uncertain. C．Negative D．Understandable. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Returning to live with parents comes at a price. B．Parents are willing to receive their returning children. C．Flying the net is becoming popular at present. D．Home birds take it for granted to live with their parents. （2025高一上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）Most families take their holidays during the summer when the children are not at school. Some families like to stay in one place for the whole holiday, and others like to travel to several different places. Most people like to go to a lake. There they enjoy sunshine and water sports. They spend days swimming and boating. When they are tired, they can take a rest on the beach and continue to enjoy the sun. Small children love the beach, too. They play in the sand and in the water. When a family goes to the beach, the parents should tell their children about the dangers there. Everyone should be careful in the water. A person should not go into the water when he is tired. It is easy to get bad sunburn when someone stays on the beach all day. 1．People always go to for their holidays. A．one place B．the same places C．different places D．B or C 2．What do small children do at the beach? A．Swimming and boating. B．Playing with sand and water. C．Having water sports. D．fishing and cooking 3．When a family goes to the beach, the parents should tell their children . A．to play safely B．to swim when they are tired C．to stay on the beach all day D．To get sunburn （2025高一上·江苏南通·阶段检测）Bacteria know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d prefer to settle though, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction. Nevertheless, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1-2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B．Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C．Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D．Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance. 2．What did Lingchong You find in his study? A．What encourages bacterial growth. B．How sponges are exactly structured. C．How bacteria grow independently. D．Why bacteria keep company with each other. 3．What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A．Poorly adaptive. B．Relatively harmless. C．Partly distributed. D．Surprisingly unpleasant. 4．What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A．Evidence of bacterial threat. B．The classification of bacteria. C．Methods to help bacterial growth. D．Research into applications of bacteria. （2025高一上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. Luckily, you’re not the only person going through (经历，度过) this. And plenty of others have made the transition before you too. One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track (轨迹) of your own schedule (日程安排) and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well. Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organised schedules in place before you start high school. Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them. It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself. 1．In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is 　　　　. A．different relationships B．the higher expectations C．high academic achievement D．the higher pressure 2．Which of the following suggestions is NOT mentioned in the text? A．Careful schedules. B．Healthy relationships (关系). C．Using network information. D．Reinventing (重塑) yourself. 3．Who is the article intended for? A．Students in junior school. B．Teachers in high school. C．Students in senior one. D．Parents of high school students. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations B．How to Become an Active Learner in High School C．What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School D．How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School （2025高一上·江苏泰州·阶段检测）Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific discoveries in science. Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object. Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots. By analyzing elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can use freely to manage objects of different shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening (变长) or shortening — it’s different parts, depending on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers used advanced cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and tissues. The study findings will be used to help design a new “soft” robotic arm. “The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to find out some basic principles (原理) that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project also leads to improvements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful features of elephant skin that can be 3D printed for robotic models. The new materials may be marketed for a wide range of uses. 1．What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Straight. B．Smooth. C．Strong. D．Sharp. 2．How does an elephant control different objects? A．By sucking them with all the strength. B．By securing the position of these objects at first. C．By stretching its trunk based on the size of objects. D．By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly. 3．Why do researchers translate the biological information? A．To test the safety of the robotic arm. B．To improve the behavior of the robot. C．To change the appearance of the robot. D．To study the structure of muscle tissues. 4．Which could be the best title for the text? A．Elephant Trunks: The Facts of Movement in Robotics B．Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms C．“Soft” Robotic Arms: A New Idea in 3D-printed Robots D．“Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Achievement in Material Science （2025高一上·江苏泰州·阶段检测）How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. However, two behavioral economists, Lu Yunfeng and Zhong Songfa, think they have found a way around this — at least for athletes whose sports do not require them to move a lot. When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. To this end, he worked with Dr Zhong, who has a long history of working on stress and behavior. When they dug into the matter, 122 of the 128 archers in the games agreed to have their heart rates measured. The trick was that, since competitors were stationary, their heart rates could be monitored remotely by a technique called photoplethysmography. As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. These findings support the idea that the performance of even some of the world’s best athletes drops off as they experience increased stress. Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. 1．What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? A．Athletes usually suffer from a lot of stress. B．It’s important to monitor athletes’ pre-competition training. C．Monitoring devices are widely used in sports competitions. D．It’s hard to figure out if stress influences athletes’ performance. 2．What inspired Dr Lu to start his research? A．His strong interest in archery. B．His desire to test a new technique. C．The archery contests he saw on TV. D．A meeting he had with a behavioral economist. 3．What did the researchers find out about the archers in the games? A．The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. B．The archers with the highest stress levels performed the best. C．The heart rates of all archers were similar during the competition. D．The heart rate of the archers changed little over the course of the competition. 4．What might the researchers focus on in the future? A．What the best stress levels for athletes of different sports are. B．How mental stress influences athletes’ training routines and recovery. C．Why some athletes are more easily influenced by stress during competition. D．How stress influences athletes’ performance in sports with lots of movement. （2025高一上·江苏南京·阶段检测）Ten years ago, when Kelik Suparno heard the song of a bird, he thought of money. A single bird could bring him much at a busy market. Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible. Indonesia has become the center of what experts call the Asian songbird crisis (危机). Across the country, the illegal (非法的) trade of wild birds puts at least 26 kinds of birds in danger. The crisis is worsened by the growing popularity of birdsong competitions, where owners of caged (笼中的) birds compete for prizes. These events attract thousands each year and have created a nationwide market. As a result, wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears that many birds could vanish in the near future. For centuries, keeping songbirds has been a tradition in Java. Today, up to 84 million caged birds are believed to be kept on the island. For many, birds stand for success and bring a sense of peace. In Yogyakarta, the cultural “soul” of Java, waking to the sound of a bird’s gentle call is considered a good thing. This culture, however, now stands in direct conflict(冲突) with the need to protect wildlife. Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers. Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters. 1．What does Suparno do for a living now? A．He trains nature guides. B．He focuses on bird protection. C．He holds bird competitions. D．He sells home-raised birds. 2．What does the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Grow. C．Compete. D．Return. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The popularity of wild birds. B．The rules in the birdsong competition. C．The challenges facing the bird keepers. D．The way to stop wild birds being caught. 4．What can be known about bird protection in Indonesia? A．It remains hopeless. B．Everyone has a role to play. C．Hunters should give up traditions. D．It sets a good example to others. （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers and beds bursting with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting vegetables for the weekend’s farmers’ market. Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a. m. until 2 p. m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviors home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers in how to use them to get students busy and improve students’ academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed and learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers have reported seeing increased student engagement, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates. 1．What does Roshawn Little think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It is a good way to earn pocket money. B．It contributes to her healthy eating habits. C．It has improved her family relationship. D．It is valuable to her academic performance. 2．What is the purpose of the school gardens? A．To provide a creative way of learning. B．To advance teachers’ teaching skills. C．To get students interested in science. D．To invite students to care for plants. 3．What does the last paragraph focus on about school gardens? A．Its effects. B．Its aims. C．Its operations. D．Its expectations. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．City Blossoms: Team Up with Local Community Teachers. B．Outdoor Classrooms: Get out for the Weekend’s Farmers’ Market. C．What School Gardens Teach Kids: Healthy Eating, Smart Minds. D．How Kids Enjoy the Harvest: Happy Holiday, Sweet Memories. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业16 阅读理解之说明文20篇（江苏联考真题） （2025高一上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源). Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test. The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test. Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not. “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, and who’d done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and grades. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these tests.” But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance. 1．What may the students start worrying about before an exam? A．What other students do during the test B．Whether they can pass the exams C．Whether they have remembered the materials. D．What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper. 2．What is the solution developed by the two researchers? A．Asking the students to think nothing of the test. B．Asking the students to focus on the test C．Asking the students to write about their worries before the test. D．Asking the students to sit quietly before the test. 3．According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ________. A．became less nervous before the test. B．were better at controlling their feelings. C．did better than those who took two tests D．did worse than those who wrote about their feelings. 4．What can be learned from the last paragraph? A．Writing about worries before an exam can work a bit. B．Studying in the library can improve students’ performance. C．It doesn’t matter where to write about worries before an exam. D．Students can only write about worries right before an exam. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍缓解学生考前焦虑的方法及相关研究验证其有效性的过程。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The students start worrying about the results.(学生们开始担心考试结果)”可知，学生考前担忧的是考试结果，也就是自己能否通过考试。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.(贝洛克教授和另一位研究员杰拉多・拉米雷斯研发了一个可行的解决办法。在考试前夕，高度焦虑的考生花十分钟写下自己对这场考试的担忧)”可知，两位研究者提出的解决办法是让考前焦虑的学生写下自己的担忧。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.(贝洛克教授表示，高度焦虑且写下自身感受的学生平均成绩为 B+，而未写的学生平均成绩为 B-。研究员在期末考试前告知学生，要么写下自己的感受，要么去想和考试无关的事情)”可知，想和考试无关事情的学生，成绩要比写下担忧的学生差。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.(但如果学生在临考前没有机会写下自己的担忧该怎么办？贝洛克教授表示，学生可以在家或图书馆自行尝试这个方法，依然能提升考试表现)”可知，考前写下担忧的地点并不影响效果。故选C项。 （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）In recent years, the concept of “slow travel” has appeared as a reaction to the fast-paced, mass tourism that dominates (主宰) the industry. Slow travel encourages travelers to engage deeply with local cultures, stay longer in destinations, and form meaningful connections with local communities. One of the key principles of slow travel is to reduce environmental impact. By choosing to stay in locally-owned accommodations, eating at family-run restaurants, and using public transportation or bicycles, travelers can greatly decrease their carbon footprint. For instance, a study found that tourists who engage in slow travel produce up to 70% less greenhouse gas emissions compared to those on traditional package tours. Slow travel also allows for a deeper cultural understanding. Instead of rushing through tourist attractions, slow travelers take the time to participate in local traditions, learn about historical importance, and interact with locals. This not only enriches the travel experience but also provides economic benefits to local communities. In some rural areas, “slow travel” has helped preserve (保存) endangered crafts and save dying traditions. However, slow travel is not without challenges. It requires more planning and flexibility. As travelers need to research local customs, transportation options, and authentic (真实的) experiences. Additionally, slow travel may not be feasible for everyone due to time or budget (预算) limit. For busy professionals or families with limited vacation days, spending weeks in a single destination may seem unrealistic. Despite these challenges, the slow travel movement continues to grow. Travelers are becoming more aware of their environmental and cultural impact, and many are seeking more authentic and sustainable ways to explore the world. As a result, travel companies are starting to offer more slow-travel options, such as longer home-stays and cultural experience programs. 1．Which is the benefit of slow travel? A．It can save money on traveling. B．It can be more environmentally friendly. C．It can increase the income of travel companies. D．It can allow travelers to visit more places hurriedly. 2．What can we learn about slow travel from the third paragraph? A．It has little impact on local economies. B．It focuses on interactions with travelers. C．It discourages travelers from learning about history. D．It may contribute to the preservation of traditional crafts. 3．What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in this context? A．desirable B．affordable C．practical D．classical 4．What can be inferred about the future of slow travel? A．It will cost less as time passes. B．It will only be accessible to rich travelers. C．It may become more popular in the future. D．It will take the place of traditional tourism entirely. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“慢旅行”这一概念，阐述其减少环境影响、深化文化理解的优势，提及面临的挑战及未来发展趋势。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One of the key principles of slow travel is to reduce environmental impact. By choosing to stay in locally-owned accommodations, eating at family-run restaurants, and using public transportation or bicycles, travelers can greatly decrease their carbon footprint. (慢旅行的核心原则之一是减少环境影响。通过选择入住当地经营的住宿、在家庭经营的餐厅用餐、使用公共交通或自行车，旅行者能大幅降低碳足迹。)”可知，慢旅行能减少环境影响、降低碳足迹，具备更环保的优势。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In some rural areas, ‘slow travel’ has helped preserve (保存) endangered crafts and save dying traditions. (在一些农村地区，‘慢旅行’助力保护濒危手工艺，挽救濒临消失的传统。)”可知，慢旅行对传统手工艺的保护有积极作用，可能有助于传统手工艺的传承。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Additionally, slow travel may not be feasible for everyone due to time or budget (预算) limit. For busy professionals or families with limited vacation days, spending weeks in a single destination may seem unrealistic. (此外，受时间或预算限制，慢旅行可能并非对所有人都feasible。对于工作繁忙的职场人士或假期有限的家庭来说，在一个目的地待数周似乎不现实。)”可知，对于工作繁忙的职场人士或假期有限的家庭来说，在一个目的地待数周似乎不现实，因此慢旅行可能并非对所有人是切实可行的。故划线词与C选项“practical(切实可行的)”为同义词。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Despite these challenges, the slow travel movement continues to grow. Travelers are becoming more aware of their environmental and cultural impact, and many are seeking more authentic and sustainable ways to explore the world. As a result, travel companies are starting to offer more slow-travel options, such as longer home-stays and cultural experience programs. (尽管面临诸多挑战，慢旅行运动仍在持续发展。旅行者们越来越意识到自身对环境和文化的潜在影响，许多人正在寻求更真实且可持续的方式来探索世界。因此，旅游公司也开始提供更多慢旅行的选项，比如更长的民宿住宿和文化体验项目。)”可知，慢旅行趋势在发展，旅行者需求增加且旅游公司积极配合，由此可推断其未来可能会更受欢迎。故选C项。 （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）New era requires a new vocabulary. Will we still talk about the “mobile” phone when all phones are mobile, or when they are implanted within us? Technology is everywhere nowadays, especially at work. Some people are really good at using all the cool new tools that keep popping up. They have something called a TQ, or technology quotient. Think of it like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re good at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet. The examples are common and becoming more and more frequent. For the parents it might be a home-school video class. For the brand manager it might be search engine boosting, which helps the brand’s content rank higher in search results. And for the doctor, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan. TQ tries to quantify our ability to make wise use of present technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and make use of future creations. This adoption is of great importance from a variety of perspectives, from social to business. One trip into the world of ChatGPT and we can see how the way AI and search interact and operate is changing for just about everyone. Any Mom or Dad can understand the value of IQ and EQ in predicting the potential for a child’s success. But what about technology? The ability for the child and the teacher to understand, embrace and assimilate technology will be a key aspect of their lives as we speed into the future. We are increasingly defined by technology and our active participation in everything from smartphones to Facebook. It might just be time for the basic human needs of food, water and shelter to include technology too. And when that happens, it just might be a good idea to measure it. While this shift brings challenges, it’s unstoppable. As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable advantage. 1．What is TQ according to the text? A．Ability to use new technologies. B．Skill of repairing high-tech products. C．Talent to follow modern changes. D．Speed of learning new languages. 2．Which of the following people has a high TQ? A．A doctor who analyzes CT scans with AI assistance. B．A manager who often uses modern search engines. C．A grandparent who finds new tech devices challenging. D．A mom who watches videos of her child’s school life. 3．What does the underlined word “assimilate” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．Depend on. B．Take in. C．Lie in. D．Insist on. 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Why Are IQ and EQ Important for TQ? B．What Makes TQ the New Intelligence? C．How Has TQ Changed in the Modern Era? D．Where to Start Adapting to TQ Changes? 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新时代背景下“技术商数（TQ）”的定义、应用场景、重要性，以及其与智商（IQ）、情商（EQ）结合对人类生活工作的重塑作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have something called a TQ, or technology quotient. Think of it like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re good at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet.(他们拥有一种叫做TQ(技术商数)的东西。你可以把它看作一种超能力，能理解我们曾祖父母辈会觉得完全无法想象的最新科技事物。拥有高TQ意味着你擅长使用那些还不是所有人都了解的酷炫新事物)”以及第三段中的“TQ tries to quantify our ability to make wise use of present technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and make use of future creations.(TQ试图量化我们明智运用现有技术、快速适应、接纳并利用未来创新成果的能力)”可知，TQ指的是使用新技术的能力。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“TQ tries to quantify our ability to make wise use of present technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and make use of future creations.(TQ试图量化我们明智运用现有技术、快速适应、接纳并利用未来创新成果的能力)”以及“And for the doctor, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan.(对于医生来说，这可能是人工智能在辅助CT扫描分析中发挥的作用)”可知，利用人工智能辅助CT扫描分析的医生，体现了对现有技术的明智运用，符合高TQ的特征。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The ability for the child and the teacher to understand, embrace and assimilate technology will be a key aspect of their lives as we speed into the future.(随着我们快速步入未来，孩子和教师理解、接纳并assimilate技术的能力将成为他们生活中的关键一环)”可知，“assimilate”与“understand(理解)”“embrace(接纳)”为并列关系，语义相近，结合语境可推测其意为“吸收、掌握”，与“Take in”表意一致。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段引出新时代需要新词汇的话题，第二段定义TQ（技术商数），第三段列举TQ在不同职业中的应用场景，第四段强调TQ对个人未来的重要性，第五段指出TQ与IQ、EQ结合将重塑人类生活工作方式。全文核心围绕TQ作为一种新的“智能”，其定义、价值和影响展开。由此可知，“是什么让TQ成为新的智能？”概括了文章的主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 （2025高一上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether tears of joy or sadness, it’s remarkable how moving images on a screen can command our emotions. In fact, such moments are often carefully planned. But what about those heart-breaking stories made for children? They don’t seem to sugarcoat the harsh realities of the world. Actually, many great children’s films filled with tragedy are purposefully designed to evoke strong feelings. According to Aristotle, tragedy helps us confront life’s unsolvable dilemmas through thoughtful reflection. Therefore, the presence of tragedy in kids’ movies serves to teach them how to handle, understand, and ultimately heal from pain. One of the hardest lessons for a child is learning to deal with loss, especially when it’s sudden. The classic cartoon The Lion King tells the story of Simba, who experiences the profound loss of his father. Children see themselves in Simba — a character with dreams, a desire to grow, and a longing to be part of a bigger world. Yet, witnessing his loss is truly heartbreaking. Why, then, is a film that brings children to tears so beloved? The lesson it imparts is about overcoming suffering and moving forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, this phrase from The Lion King teaches children that it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not let it define them. It’s a crucial lesson learned at a very young age. Sadness should not be ignored; it’s important to feel it, which is why these films are so powerful. In Dumbo, Charlotte’s Web, and Bridge to Terabithia, we lose beloved characters. This deeply upsets young viewers, but it also teaches them to accept sadness and create something new from it. So, what is the core message behind a sad children’s movie? It aims to teach the audience, especially children, how to gain independence and free themselves from the grip of tragedy. These stories act as a cushion, separating fiction from reality. They help children navigate sad feelings when they arise in real life, or at least find relief by embracing the spirit of Hakuna Matata. 1．Why does the author mention “first cry” in paragraph 1? A．To promote a movie. B．To explain the reason. C．To support an argument. D．To introduce the topic. 2．What does the underlined phrase “Hakuna Matata” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Defining sadness as a treatment. B．Challenging oneself with tragic losses. C．Searching for knowledge to enrich life. D．Heading forward without being trapped. 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Sad kids’ movies help children to escape from reality. B．Sad kids’ movies prepare children for life struggles. C．Children can learn to ignore sadness in tragedy. D．Children can find a way to hide sad feelings. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Why Are Great Kids’ Movies So Sad? B．What Is the Power of Great Kids’ Movies? C．Life’s Hardest Lesson: How Movies Encourage Us? D．Moving Beyond Reality: What Kids’ Movies Teach Us? 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍儿童电影中包含悲伤情节的原因，以及这些情节如何帮助儿童理解、应对痛苦，学会从悲剧中前行。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We all remember that first cry at the movies. Whether tears of joy or sadness, it’s remarkable how moving images on a screen can command our emotions. In fact, such moments are often carefully planned. But what about those heart-breaking stories made for children? They don’t seem to sugarcoat the harsh realities of the world.(我们都记得在电影院第一次落泪的场景。无论是喜悦还是悲伤的泪水，屏幕上的动人画面能掌控我们的情绪，这很值得注意。事实上，这样的时刻往往是精心设计的。但那些为儿童制作的令人心碎的故事呢？它们似乎并没有粉饰世界的残酷现实。)”可知，作者提及“第一次落泪”是为了从大众对电影情感共鸣的普遍体验切入，进而引出本文核心话题——儿童电影中的悲伤情节。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The lesson it imparts is about overcoming suffering and moving forward. Hakuna Matata! Yes, this phrase from The Lion King teaches children that it’s okay to move on from tragic loss and not let it define them.(它所传递的道理是克服苦难、继续前行。Hakuna Matata！没错，这个来自《狮子王》的短语告诉孩子们，从悲惨的失去中走出来是没问题的，不要让失去定义自己。)”可知，画线短语前提到它所传递的道理，画线短语后提到，这个道理就是《狮子王》告诉孩子们的道理，由此可推断，“Hakuna Matata”的含义与“克服苦难、继续前行，不被悲剧困住”一致。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They help children navigate sad feelings when they arise in real life, or at least find relief by embracing the spirit of Hakuna Matata.(它们帮助孩子们在现实生活中出现悲伤情绪时应对这些情绪，或者至少通过接纳‘Hakuna Matata’的精神获得慰藉。)”可知，悲伤的儿童电影能帮助儿童为现实生活中的困境和情感挑战做好准备。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“So, what is the core message behind a sad children’s movie? It aims to teach the audience, especially children, how to gain independence and free themselves from the grip of tragedy.(那么，悲伤的儿童电影背后的核心信息是什么？它旨在教会观众，尤其是儿童，如何获得独立，从悲剧的束缚中解脱出来。)”可知，文章围绕儿童电影中的悲伤情节展开，重点阐述其教会儿童超越悲剧、应对现实情感的意义，D项“超越现实：儿童电影教会我们什么？”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 （2025高一上·江苏镇江·阶段检测）An artificial intelligence (AI) software has been developed that can interpret hard-to-read texts on cuneiform tablets. It was created by a team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and Mainz University of Applied Sciences. Unlike previous methods that relied on photographs, the researchers used 3D models of nearly 2,000 cuneiform tablets — about 50 of which were from a collection at MLU — achieving significantly more reliable results. According to Hubert Mara, an assistant professor at MLU, approximately one million cuneiform tablets still exist worldwide, but many are heavily weathered and therefore difficult to decipher. His lab proposed the idea of developing an AI system based on 3D models. This new system interprets characters more effectively than earlier approaches. In principle, the AI operates similarly to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software, which converts images of writing into machine-readable text. “OCR typically uses photographs, which works well for ink on paper. However, with cuneiform tablets, it's more challenging because lighting conditions greatly affect how well certain characters can be identified,” explains Ernst Stötzer from MLU. The team trained the new AI software, which successfully recognized the symbols on the tablets. “We were surprised that our system performed so well, even on heavily weathered tablets,” says Stötzer. The researchers’ work represents a major step forward in the study of ancient writing systems and opens up many new avenues for scientific exploration. Currently, the software can translate symbols from two languages, but there are a total of twelve known cuneiform languages. In the future, the software could also help decipher other weathered inscriptions, which, like cuneiform, are three-dimensional. 1．What is the purpose of the new AI system? A．To create 3D models for damaged cuneiform tablets. B．To discover cuneiform tablets all over the world. C．To read symbols on cuneiform tablets. D．To date different cuneiform tablets. 2．What makes the new AI system different from previous methods? A．It is based on 3D models. B．It uses a set of OCR software. C．It can recognize computer texts. D．It includes twelve cuneiform languages. 3．What impressed Stötzer during the research? A．The long history of cuneiform tablets. B．The effectiveness of the new AI system. C．The influence of ancient writing systems. D．The difficulty of protecting weathered inscriptions. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the new AI system? A．Indifferent. B．Objective. C．Curious. D．Positive. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的AI系统，其通过3D模型解读风化楔形文字，比传统照片方法更可靠，已成功识别两种语言符号，未来有望应用于更多古代文字研究。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“An artificial intelligence (AI) software has been developed that can interpret hard-to-read texts on cuneiform tablets.(一种人工智能（AI）软件已经研发完成，能够解读楔形文字石板上难以辨认的文字内容)”可知，新的AI系统的目的是为了解读楔形文字碑上的符号。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unlike previous methods that relied on photographs, the researchers used 3D models of nearly 2,000 cuneiform tablets — about 50 of which were from a collection at MLU — achieving significantly more reliable results.(与以往依赖照片的方法不同，研究人员使用了近 2000 块楔形文字石板的3D模型——其中约 50 块来自哈勒大学的藏品——从而获得了更为可靠的结果)”可知，新的系统与之前的方法不同之处在于它基于3D模型创建。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““We were surprised that our system performed so well, even on heavily weathered tablets,” says Stötzer.(“我们很惊讶我们的系统表现得如此出色，即使是在严重风化的石板上也是如此，”Stötzer说道)”可知，Stötzer印象深刻的是新的人工智能系统表现性能的优越，即，系统的有效性。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Currently, the software can translate symbols from two languages, but there are a total of twelve known cuneiform languages. In the future, the software could also help decipher other weathered inscriptions, which, like cuneiform, are three-dimensional.(目前，该软件能够将两种语言的符号进行转换，但已知的楔形文字语言共有十二种。未来，该软件还能够帮助解读其他因风化而受损的铭文，这些铭文与楔形文字一样，也是三维的)”可知，作者认为未来该软件还能够帮助解读其他因风化而受损的铭文，所以，对该系统持有积极的态度。故选D。 （2025高一上·江苏南京·阶段检测）In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 1．What is the current view on rocket emissions? A．Their impact will become severe. B．Their distribution is location-limited. C．They will decrease at a faster speed. D．They can be removed by precipitation. 2．Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A．To seek potential solutions. B．To look into their future effect. C．To address climate change challenges. D．To figure out the leading contributors. 3．What is the function of paragraph 6? A．To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B．To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C．To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D．To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B．Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C．Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D．Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球火箭发射数量激增对臭氧层造成的渐进性破坏。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting.(关于火箭排放物对臭氧影响的研究始于三十多年前，但多年来人们一直认为这种影响微乎其微。然而，随着发射活动的频率不断增加，这种观点正在发生转变。)”可知，人们现在认为火箭排放物对臭氧的影响会随着火箭发射频率的增加而变得严重。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030.(最近，来自苏黎世联邦理工学院和达沃斯物理气象观测站的研究人员，与坎特伯雷大学劳拉·雷维尔的国际团队合作，利用化学气候模型来研究未来排放量到2030年时会对臭氧层产生何种影响。)”可知，近期对火箭排放的研究是为了研究它们未来对臭氧层的影响。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约 0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”和第六段“While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical.(虽然这些降幅看起来不大，但其背后的背景情况却非常重要。)”可知，第六段指出了模型预测的背景非常重要；结合第六段“The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066.(臭氧层仍在从早期由持久性氯氟烃（CFC）造成的损耗中恢复当中，这些物质是在1989年的《蒙特利尔议定书》中被禁止使用的。即便到了今天，全球臭氧层的厚度仍比工业化前水平低约2%，而其完全恢复预计要到 2066 年左右。)”可知，其背景是臭氧层本身仍在恢复中，非常脆弱，并且预计要到2066年才能完全恢复，说明该模型预测是令人担忧的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation.(火箭发射和返回过程中释放的污染物会留在中间大气层中，在那里它们会损害保护地球免受有害的紫外线辐射的臭氧层。)”和第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了火箭发射激增对臭氧层的渐进性破坏。因此C项“火箭可能会侵蚀臭氧层”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。 （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）In the USA, many high schools and some colleges and universities have a special celebration (庆典) once a year called Homecoming. Former students and teachers come back to the school to enjoy the memories of their time there and the many Homecoming activities. Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week. High schools usually choose one boy and one girl from the senior class to be the “Homecoming King” and “Homecoming Queen”: The students usually choose a boy and a girl who have done a lot for the school. Most schools have a Homecoming parade (游行). The school band will often lead the way, followed by many different cars and trucks. Most schools also have a football game for Homecoming — and, of course, tailgate parties. A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someone’s pick-up truck. There are many other activities that might be a part of the Homecoming celebration. There might be a school-wide picnic one day; another day, there may be plays, concerts, competitions or games, all depending on a school’s traditions. Homecoming celebrations nearly always end with a dance and/or a great dinner. The school is decorated beautifully, and a band is paid to come and play. Students dress up: guys in suits and girls in beautiful dresses. 1．Homecoming in the USA ________. A．is held only in high schools B．is held to celebrate the birth of schools C．might last from one day to one week D．might be prepared for students only 2．“King and Queen of Homecoming” are chosen according to ________. A．their contributions to the school B．their healthy bodies C．their excellent. grades in study D．their good-looking faces 3．All the activities might be found at the Homecoming except ________. A．an exam B．a football game C．a picnic D．a parade 4．The “tailgate” is most probably ________ a truck or a car. A．in front of B．in the middle of C．on the top of D．at the back of 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国多所高中及部分高校每年举办返校节，往届师生返校忆往昔、参与活动，活动含选“国王王后”、游行等，常以舞会或晚宴收尾，时长1天至1周。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Homecoming might last for only one day or for several days, even one week.( 返乡可能只持续一天，也可能持续几天，甚至一个星期。)” 可知，美国的返校节可能持续1天到1周。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The students usually choose a boy and a girl who have done a lot for the school.( 学生们通常会选择一名为学校做出很多贡献的男生和一名女生。)”可知，返校节“国王”和“王后”的评选依据是他们对学校的贡献。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Most schools have a Homecoming parade.( 大多数学校都有返校节游行。)”；第四段中“Most schools also have a football game for Homecoming(大多数学校还会举办返校足球赛。)”；第五段中“There are many other activities that might be a part of the Homecoming celebration. There might be a school-wide picnic one day(还有许多其他的活动可能是返校节庆祝活动的一部分。也许有一天会有全校范围的野餐。)”可知，文中提到的返校节活动包括 “Homecoming parade”（游行，D）、“football game”（足球赛，B）、“school-wide picnic”（全校野餐，C），未提及“exam”（考试，A）。故选A项。 4．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“A tailgate party is a group of people drinking and eating around the back of someone’s pick-up truck.(一个tailgate派对指的是一群人在别人的小货车后面吃喝。)”可知，“tailgate”与卡车或汽车的“后部”相关，D 选项“at the back of（在……后面）”符合语境。故选D项。 （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Imagine trying to sleep while cars roar past your window and airplanes thunder overhead. Not only is the noise annoying (令人恼怒的) — it could actually be damaging your health. Scientists have known for decades that constant loud sounds can hurt us, but it is only in recent years that it has been seen as a common and serious problem. In a new review of previously published studies, researchers from Germany and Denmark took a look at the ways in which noises, such as an airplane passing by or jackhammer digging in the ground, can affect our hearts. Perhaps the most obvious impact of a loud sound while you are sleeping is that it can wake you up. But, even if you don’t remember hearing the noise or you don’t physically get out of bed, it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize. “Noise is not just causing annoyance, but it actually makes us sick,” said Dr. Thomas Münzel, a professor at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. “Regardless of where the sound is coming from, if it gets louder than 60 decibels (分贝), it can increase the risk of heart disease.” When our body hears these noises, it reacts with a stress reaction. In this case, these sudden and unexpected noises cause hormones (荷尔蒙) to speed up and eventually damage the heart. Although the chance that a single noise will affect you is unlikely, it’s the continuous exposure (接触) to the sound that can finally affect you. “But our heart health isn’t the only cause for concern. Long-term noise may also raise the risk of type 2 diabetes (糖尿病), depression, and anxiety disorders,” he warns. In the future, Münzel plans to examine how noises from cars, planes, and other vehicles affect the brain. But despite the amount or the depth of research he conducts, it’ll take the help of politicians to improve the effect of noise on our health. “Politicians have to take into account, in particular, the new findings,” Münzel said, “As for aircraft noise and airports, it is important to make new laws and set new lower noise limits that protect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport.” 1．Which word can replace the underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 2? A．Defeat. B．Challenge. C．Attract. D．Harm. 2．Which of the following statements would Dr. Münzel probably agree with? A．People who sleep lightly are more likely to be affected by noise than deep sleepers. B．Any noise above 60 decibels will definitely cause heart disease. C．Politicians should play a role in reducing noise pollution. D．New laws should focus on protecting airport owners rather than nearby residents. 3．The author’s tone in the passage is best described as . A．positive B．concerned C．humorous D．amazed 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．How Noise Pollution Harms Our Body B．Who Is Responsible for Noise Pollution C．How Münzel Carried Out His Research D．What Should Be Done to Stop Noise 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了德国和丹麦的研究人员研究噪音对人们健康产生的影响，呼吁政治家们关注噪音污染并采取措施解决噪音污染。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Perhaps the most obvious impact of a loud sound while you are sleeping is that it can wake you up.(也许在你睡觉时，噪音最明显的影响是它能把你吵醒)”和划线单词所在句“But, even if you don’t remember hearing the noise or you don’t physically get out of bed, it can disrupt you in ways you may not realize.(但是，即使你不记得听到了噪音，或者你没有从床上起来，它也会以你没有意识到的方式disrupt你)”可知，即使噪音没有把你吵醒，但它会以你没有意识到的方式伤害你，因此划线单词“disrupt”的意思是伤害，与harm同义。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中“But despite the amount or the depth of research he conducts, it’ll take the help of politicians to improve the effect of noise on our health.(但是，尽管他进行了大量或深入的研究，但要改善噪音对我们健康的影响，还需要政治家的帮助)”以及第六段““Politicians have to take into account, in particular, the new findings,” Münzel said, “As for aircraft noise and airports, it is important to make new laws and set new lower noise limits that protect people living close by the airport instead of the owners of the airport.”(“政治家们必须考虑到这些新发现，”Münzel说，“至于飞机噪音和机场，重要的是制定新的法律，设定新的低噪音限制，以保护住在机场附近的人，而不是机场的所有者。”)可知，Dr. Münzel认为政治家应在减少噪音污染中发挥作用。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Not only is the noise annoying (令人恼怒的) — it could actually be damaging your health.(噪音不仅令人恼怒，实际上还可能损害你的健康)”、第三段中““Noise is not just causing annoyance, but it actually makes us sick,” said Dr. Thomas Münzel, a professor at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.(美因茨约翰内斯·古腾堡大学教授Thomas Münzel博士说：“噪音不仅会引起烦恼，而且还会让我们生病。”)”等内容可知，作者始终围绕噪音对健康的危害展开，语气充满担忧。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段中“Not only is the noise annoying (令人恼怒的) — it could actually be damaging your health.(噪音不仅令人恼怒，而且还会损害你的健康)”和第二段中“In a new review of previously published studies, researchers from Germany and Denmark took a look at the ways in which noises, such as an airplane passing by or jackhammer digging in the ground, can affect our hearts.(在一篇对之前发表的研究的最新综述中，来自德国和丹麦的研究人员研究了飞机飞过或钻地时发出的声音对我们心脏的影响)”可知，本文着重讲述了德国和丹麦的研究人员对于噪声如何影响人们的心脏、增加糖尿病等疾病风险进行了研究。选项A. How Noise Pollution Harms Our Body(噪音污染如何危害我们的身体)可以作为最佳标题。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）“When I think of England, I think of the queen taking her dogs for a walk in the countryside,” says Carsten Haferkamp, a dog-owning German architect working in London. There may be something in the stereotype. Data from Tractive, a firm that provides GPS tracking for pets, show that Britons walk their dogs more than their European neighbours do. The British love for dog-walking may have more to do with the walking than the dogs. Britons are big walkers — they came fifth in the world in a study in 2017, the highest in Europe. Dogs provide walkers with company (陪伴) and a purpose, so it may be that walking encourages dog-ownership, not the other way around. But Julien Dugnoille, an expert at Exeter University, thinks dog-walking has a deeper significance. Dogs, he suggests, are a useful aid to a socially awkward nation. “Britons tend to see dog-walking as a rare opportunity to socialise with strangers, to have a chat with strangers and exchange a few jokes and comments about the weather without putting themselves in danger (i.e., without being too committed in their interaction).” The British aristocracy (贵族) has a tradition of keeping and training dogs. This makes Dr Dr Dugnoille think that dog-walking still has some of its old glory (荣耀). Dr Dr Dugnoille says that when people in the park say “Max is very well-behaved”, “it’s a way to show that they are good at taming (驯养) dogs. This is an advantage over those dog owners who can’t control their own dogs.” However, Britons shouldn’t feel too proud about how they treat their dogs, because they are all hypocritical (虚伪的) to some extent. Dr Carri Westgarth from Liverpool University says, “People say a dog needs a walk every day, but they will find excuses for why their dog doesn’t need a walk. They will say: he has company inside, he is nervous or he doesn’t like the rain.” 1．Why does the author mention the queen in paragraph 1? A．To demonstrate the queen’s love for dogs. B．To show the British love for walking dogs. C．To show a foreigner’s impression of England. D．To introduce the importance of dog-walking for Europeans. 2．What can we infer from Julien Dugnoille’s view? A．Dog-walking contributes to easy social communications. B．Britons are very confident when socializing with strangers. C．Britons prefer to walk rather than walk the dog. D．Britons have deep conversations with strangers during dog-walking. 3．Some British dog owners say their dogs don’t need a walk. According to Dr Carri Westgarth, which of the following statements might be the real reason? A．The dogs are too old to walk. B．The owners are too busy to take them out. C．The dogs have company indoors. D．The dogs prefer to stay at home all day. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Love Your Dog, Walk Your Dog B．Dog-walking: A New Fashion in Britain C．Dog-Walking in Britain: More Than Just a Walk D．Dog-walking in Britain: A Great Helper for Socializing 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析英国人喜欢遛狗背后的原因，同时也指出部分英国人对待遛狗存在虚伪性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段““When I think of England, I think of the queen taking her dogs for a walk in the countryside,” says Carsten Haferkamp, a dog-owning German architect working in London. There may be something in the stereotype. Data from Tractive, a firm that provides GPS tracking for pets, show that Britons walk their dogs more than their European neighbours do.(“当我想到英国时，我就会想到女王带着她的狗在乡间散步，”在伦敦工作的养狗德国建筑师卡斯滕·哈弗坎普说。这种刻板印象可能有些道理。一家为宠物提供GPS追踪服务的公司Tractive的数据显示，英国人遛狗的时间比欧洲邻居多)”可知，作者提及女王是为了引出外国人对英国的印象，进而通过数据说明英国人爱遛狗的特点。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Britons tend to see dog-walking as a rare opportunity to socialise with strangers, to have a chat with strangers and exchange a few jokes and comments about the weather without putting themselves in danger.(英国人往往把遛狗视为与陌生人社交的难得机会，可以和陌生人聊天、讲几个笑话、谈论天气，而不会让自己陷入危险境地)可知，Julien Dugnoille认为遛狗有助于英国人轻松地与他人社交。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中“People say a dog needs a walk every day, but they will find excuses for why their dog doesn’t need a walk. They will say: he has company inside, he is nervous or he doesn’t like the rain.(人们说狗每天都需要散步，但他们会为自己的狗不需要散步找借口。他们会说：它在屋里有伴，它很胆小，或者它不喜欢下雨)”可知，Dr Carri Westgarth认为这些理由都是借口，真实原因应是主人自身的问题。选项B“主人太忙没时间带它们出去”属于主人自身原因。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出英国人爱遛狗的现象，第二段指出英国人爱遛狗可能更源于对散步的热爱，第三段说明遛狗助力英国人社交，第四段提及遛狗与贵族传统的关联，第五段指出部分英国人对待遛狗的虚伪性。整体围绕“英国遛狗不只是简单散步，还蕴含多重意义”展开。C项“在英国遛狗：不仅仅是散步”可作为最佳标题。故选C。 （2025高一上·江苏常州·阶段检测）Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let the other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and take no notice of anyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance (表达) of information, correspondence (通信), means of communication: a letter or a message”. To keep a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, and ask them politely to listen to you. Shouting or walking away only makes the situation worse. Here is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, but when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let it go. Communication is the key here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way matter: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, tell the other person how you feel — listening is the key to communication. 1．The underlined phrase “ drift apart” in Paragraph 2 means __________. A．distance yourself from others B．move along smoothly C．keep up with others D．come closer to each other 2．According to the passage, communication begins with ________. A．sharing your own feelings openly B．being aware of others’ needs and feelings C．starting a talk with a written message D．responding to others’ actions immediately 3．The author uses Sophie’s example in paragraph 6 to show that ________. A．parents should always forgive their kids B．communication is the key to solving problems C．it’s rude to leave a party early D．friends are more important than parents 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．You don’t need to talk to your parents if you are mad. B．Shouting at your parents will make things better. C．Listening is important for effective communication. D．Communication is only necessary for kids and parents. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在与父母或他人相处时沟通的重要性以及如何进行有效的沟通。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything.(如果你不能沟通，你们就会drift apart。当你生父母或其他人的气时，不跟他们说话并不能解决任何问题。)”可知，当你生父母或其他人的气时，不跟他们说话，不能沟通会导致疏远，所以drift apart意思是“与他人疏远”，意思与distance yourself from others相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and take no notice of anyone.(沟通始于对他人的关心。这意味着你不能刚从学校回到家，就走进自己的房间，对任何人都不理不睬。)”可知，沟通始于对他人的需求和感受的关注。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段中“Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, but when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let it go. Communication is the key here.(不用说，她回家晚了。她的父母一开始很生气，但当索菲解释了她为什么回来晚时，他们没有那么生气，也就算了。沟通是关键。)”可知，作者用索菲的例子来说明沟通是解决问题的关键。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Communication isn’t a one-way matter: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, tell the other person how you feel — listening is the key to communication.(沟通不是单向的：它是双向的。只要记住：如果你遇到像索菲这样的情况，告诉对方你的感受——倾听是沟通的关键。)”可知，倾听对于有效的沟通是很重要的。故选C。 （2025高一上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25,000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent over chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1．What did the recent study find? A．An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change B．Daily short but intense activities do good to health. C．Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise D．More physical exercises can make you more active. 2．What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A．Continuously. B．Energetically. C．Regularly. D．Creatively. 3．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．Research purposes. B．Research limitations. C．Research methods. D．Research findings. 4．What would Stamatakis suggest? A．Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. B．Avoiding movement of light intensity. C．Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D．Going to exercise at fixed time and place. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明短时间高强度的活动有益健康。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. (最近的一项研究表明，每天进行短暂但高强度的活动（比如爬楼梯、搬运重物或者加快家务劳动的节奏）能够带来诸多健康益处。)”可知，最近的研究表明，短时间高强度的活动有益健康的。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。done somewhat vigorously in short bouts在句中作后置定语修饰daily life activities，根据后面“compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle (与久坐或不太活跃的生活方式相比)”可推测，划线词应该和less active意思相反，应该是“高强度地，剧烈地”的意思。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. (在为期七天的时间里，他们利用机器学习工具来判断一个人是在静坐、站立、行走，还是在进行诸如跑步之类的高强度活动，每次判断的时间段为10秒。研究人员还将任何活动分为轻度、中度或高强度。随后，在接下来的七年里，他们记录了哪些研究参与者去世了，以及导致死亡的原因。)”可知，本段主要讲到了研究过程中的数据收集及分析方法。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” (斯塔马塔基斯表示，这种高强度活动的次数越多，就越能有效降低死亡风险，“次数越多，效果越好。”)”可知，Stamatakis认为短时间高强度的活动有益健康，降低死亡风险，他建议多做这样的活动，越多越好。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏南通·阶段检测）Social media provides materialists with perfect opportunities to compare themselves with others, which makes them subject to passive and addictive user behavior. This stresses them out and, ultimately, leads to low life satisfaction, according to a new study. The researchers headed by Dr. Phillip Ozimek from Germany employed 1,230 people for their online survey. In order to participate, respondents had to visit at least one social media channel at least once a week. On average, the participants stated they spent just over two hours a day on social media. The team used six different questionnaires to determine the extent to which the participants had a materialistic attitude and tended to compare themselves with others, whether they used social media more actively or passively, whether they were addicted to social media, how stressed and how satisfied they were with their lives. “The data showed a stronger materialistic approach goes hand in hand with a tendency to compare oneself with others,” points out Ozimek. This comparison is easy to make on social media, primarily through passive use—by looking at the content posted by other users. Materialism and passive use were also linked to addictive use of social media. “Users are constantly thinking about the respective channels and fear they’re missing out on something if they aren’t online,” explains Ozimek. “This in turn leads to poorer mental health like stress. The final link in the chain is reduced life satisfaction.” “Overall, the study provides further evidence that the use of social media is associated with risks, especially for people with a highly materialistic mindset,” says the psychologist. “This is particularly worrying, because social media can stimulate and increase materialistic values through influencer marketing. Meanwhile, the platforms attract materialists anyway, as they’re a perfect way to satisfy materialistic needs.” “It’s definitely a good idea to be aware of the amount of time you spend on social media and to reduce it,” recommends Ozimek, who advises against giving up social media completely. “If you did, you’re likely to over-correct.” He also suggests recording materialism and social media use in patients undergoing treatment for mental health disorders. “While these factors are often irrelevant, they can be a starting point for additional interventions patients can try out at home.” 1．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Virtual World, the Real Danger B．Showing Superiority Causes Heavy Media Use C．More Social Media Materialism, Less Happiness D．Materialistic Values: A Stepping Stone to Discontent 2．To qualify for the survey, a participant must________. A．be a big spender B．specialize in data analysis C．be a regular social media user D．upload web surfing history 3．What kind of feeling is expressed by Ozimek in paragraph 6? A．Pessimism. B．Sympathy. C．Shock. D．Concern. 4．What does Ozimek propose concerning using social media? A．Restricting the time spent. B．Logging onto well-rated websites. C．Quitting it for good. D．Banning patients from using it. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Social media provides materialists with perfect opportunities to compare themselves with others, which makes them subject to passive and addictive user behavior. This stresses them out and, ultimately, leads to low life satisfaction, according to a new study.(社交媒体为物质主义者提供了与他人比较的理想机会，这使他们受到被动和上瘾的用户行为的影响。根据一项新的研究，这会给他们带来压力，最终导致生活满意度降低。)”以及下文可知，文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。故C选项More Social Media Materialism, Less Happiness(更多的社交媒体物质主义，更少的幸福)最符合文章标题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In order to participate, respondents had to visit at least one social media channel at least once a week.(为了参与调查，受访者必须每周至少访问一个社交媒体渠道一次。)”可知，要符合调查资格，参与者必须是社交媒体的常规用户。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段““Overall, the study provides further evidence that the use of social media is associated with risks, especially for people with a highly materialistic mindset,” says the psychologist. “This is particularly worrying, because social media can stimulate and increase materialistic values through influencer marketing. Meanwhile, the platforms attract materialists anyway, as they’re a perfect way to satisfy materialistic needs.”(这位心理学家说：“总的来说，这项研究提供了进一步的证据，证明使用社交媒体与风险有关，尤其是对那些具有高度物质主义心态的人来说。这尤其令人担忧，因为社交媒体可以通过影响力营销刺激和增加物质价值。同时，这些平台也吸引了物质主义者，因为它们是满足物质需求的完美方式。”)”可推知，作者表达了一种关心和担忧。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““It’s definitely a good idea to be aware of the amount of time you spend on social media and to reduce it,” recommends Ozimek, who advises against giving up social media completely.(“意识到你花在社交媒体上的时间并减少它绝对是一个好主意，”奥兹梅克不建议完全放弃社交媒体。)”可知，奥兹梅克建议限制时间。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）“There’s no place like home.” This English saying has much truth in it: the best place to be is surrounded by our treasured possessions (所有物) and our loved ones and with a roof over our head. And for many young adults, it’s the only affordable place to stay: somewhere where they can receive first-class service from Mum and Dad. But this comes at a price! In some countries, it’s quite traditional for people in their late teens and early 20s to live at home with their parents, but in other places, flying the nest to start their own independent life is very desirable. But there’s been a growing trend, in the UK at least, for young people to return home to live — or not to leave home at all. A survey found that 18% of adult children in the UK said they were moving back home because of debt, compared with 8% last year. More young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn’t afford their rent compared with the previous year. So, it’s easy to see why they’re increasingly becoming home birds. The BBC’s Lucy Hooker explains that many returning adult children enjoy home comforts. But for the“hoteliers”, that’s Mum and Dad, the survey found the average cost to them has gone up sharply, and that they are sacrificing (牺牲) luxuries and holidays to look after their “big kids”. Emma Craig from Money supermarket says “They’re trying to look after their children more. If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially (经济上), you feel more awkward (令人尴尬的) asking them for rent or to contribute.” With parents spending around £1,886 on takeaway food, buying new furniture and upgrading their Wi-Fi for the benefit of their offspring, it’s easy for the returning children to put their feet up and make themselves at home. That’s before they learn a home truth — that one day it might be their own kids who’ll be checking into the hotel of Mum and Dad! 1．Which proverb might present the young British’s living conditions? A．A lazy youth, an awful age. B．Two heads are better than one C．East or west, home is best. D．Nothing comes wrong to a hungry man. 2．Which might be the reason for the increase of home birds? A．The popularity of living independently. B．Looking after their old parents. C．The increase of unemployment rate. D．Their parents’ financial offer. 3．What’s Emma Craig’s attitude towards home birds? A．Doubtful. B．Uncertain. C．Negative D．Understandable. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Returning to live with parents comes at a price. B．Parents are willing to receive their returning children. C．Flying the net is becoming popular at present. D．Home birds take it for granted to live with their parents. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国年轻人因经济原因回归家庭居住的现象及相关影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中““There’s no place like home.” This English saying has much truth in it: the best place to be is surrounded by our treasured possessions (所有物) and our loved ones and with a roof over our head. And for many young adults, it’s the only affordable place to stay: somewhere where they can receive first-class service from Mum and Dad. But this comes at a price!(“没有比家更好的地方了。” 这句英语谚语蕴含着深刻的道理：最好的地方，就是身边有珍爱的物品、挚爱的亲人，头顶有遮风挡雨的屋顶。对许多年轻人来说，家还是唯一住得起的地方 —— 在这里，他们能享受到父母提供的 “一流服务”。但这份便利，是要付出代价的！)”及第二段“In some countries, it’s quite traditional for people in their late teens and early 20s to live at home with their parents, but in other places, flying the nest to start their own independent life is very desirable. But there’s been a growing trend, in the UK at least, for young people to return home to live — or not to leave home at all.(在一些国家，十八九岁、二十出头的年轻人和父母同住是很传统的做法；但在另一些地方，“离巢” 开启独立生活才是大家向往的选择。不过，至少在英国，一种趋势正愈发明显：年轻人纷纷回家同住，或是干脆从未离开过家。)”可知，对于英国年轻人，没有比家更好的地方，“East or west, home is best.(无论东方西方，家是最好的地方)”能体现他们的生活状况。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“A survey found that 18% of adult children in the UK said they were moving back home because of debt, compared with 8% last year. Mere young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn’t afford their rent compared with the previous year.(一项调查发现，英国18%的成年子女表示，他们因债务问题而搬回家住，而去年这一比例为8%。与前一年相比，更多的年轻人失去了工作，还有其他人付不起房租。)”可知，失业率上升可能是“归巢族”数量增加的原因。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Emma Craig from Money supermarket says “They’ re trying to look after their children more. If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially (经济上), you feel more awkward (令人尴尬的) asking them for rent or to contribute.”(来自Money supermarket的Emma Craig说：“他们更想照顾自己的孩子。如果你的孩子回家，你看到他们经济上很困难，你会觉得更尴尬，向他们要房租或让他们出钱。”)”可知，Emma Craig认为父母更想照顾自己的孩子，当孩子经济困难时，父母会觉得尴尬而不好意思向他们要房租或让他们出钱，由此可推知，Emma Craig对“归巢族”现象是持理解态度的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“With parents spending around £1,886 on takeaway food, buying new furniture and upgrading their Wi-Fi for the benefit of their offspring, it’s easy for the returning children to put their feet-up and make themselves at home. That’s before they learn a home truth— that one day it might be their own kids who’ ll be checking into the hotel of Mum and Dad!(父母为了孩子的利益，花费约1886英镑购买外卖食品、购买新家具和升级Wi-Fi，回家居住的孩子们很容易就能放松下来，把这里当成自己的家。在他们明白一个家庭真相之前——总有一天，他们的孩子也会住进爸爸妈妈的酒店!)”可知，该段主要说明年轻人“归巢 并非无代价，父母需为此付出成本，且这种情况可能代代延续，即“归巢”是有代价的。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）Most families take their holidays during the summer when the children are not at school. Some families like to stay in one place for the whole holiday, and others like to travel to several different places. Most people like to go to a lake. There they enjoy sunshine and water sports. They spend days swimming and boating. When they are tired, they can take a rest on the beach and continue to enjoy the sun. Small children love the beach, too. They play in the sand and in the water. When a family goes to the beach, the parents should tell their children about the dangers there. Everyone should be careful in the water. A person should not go into the water when he is tired. It is easy to get bad sunburn when someone stays on the beach all day. 1．People always go to for their holidays. A．one place B．the same places C．different places D．B or C 2．What do small children do at the beach? A．Swimming and boating. B．Playing with sand and water. C．Having water sports. D．fishing and cooking 3．When a family goes to the beach, the parents should tell their children . A．to play safely B．to swim when they are tired C．to stay on the beach all day D．To get sunburn 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍教师通过家庭历史诗歌作业，帮助中学生与家长弥合沟通鸿沟的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some families like to stay in one place for the whole holiday, and others like to travel to several different places.(有些家庭喜欢整个假期都待在一个地方，而另一些家庭则喜欢去几个不同的地方游玩)”可知，人们节假日会去同一个地方或不同的地方。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Small children love the beach, too. They play in the sand and in the water.(小孩子也喜欢去海滩。他们在沙滩上玩耍，在海里嬉戏)”可知，小孩子在海滩上玩沙子和玩水。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“When a family goes to the beach, the patents should tell their children about the dangers there.(当一家人去海滩游玩时，家长应当向孩子们讲解那里存在的危险)”可知，当一家人去海滩游玩时，父母应当告诫孩子们要注意安全玩耍。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏南通·阶段检测）Bacteria know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d prefer to settle though, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction. Nevertheless, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1-2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B．Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C．Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D．Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance. 2．What did Lingchong You find in his study? A．What encourages bacterial growth. B．How sponges are exactly structured. C．How bacteria grow independently. D．Why bacteria keep company with each other. 3．What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A．Poorly adaptive. B．Relatively harmless. C．Partly distributed. D．Surprisingly unpleasant. 4．What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A．Evidence of bacterial threat. B．The classification of bacteria. C．Methods to help bacterial growth. D．Research into applications of bacteria. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌在厨房海绵中的生存情况，包括细菌的生长环境、种类、对人类的潜在影响以及海绵的特殊结构如何成为细菌生长的理想场所。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Bacteria know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d prefer to settle though, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list.(细菌知道如何在地球上顽强生存。不过，问它们最希望定居在何处的话，厨房用的海绵可能会高居榜首。)”可知，厨房用的海绵是细菌的好家园。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth.(他发现，海绵上那些大小各异的孔隙对于促进细菌生长至关重要。)”可知，Lingchong You发现了是什么能促进细菌的生长。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段““The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan.(Quinlan说：“海绵上的绝大多数细菌并不会使人患病，它们只会让海绵散发出异味。”)”可知，Quinlan认为海绵上的细菌相对无害。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case.(如果有害细菌真的出现在现场，这种海绵特殊的结构特性就会使其成为细菌滋生和繁殖的理想场所。而且有证据表明情况确实如此。)”可知，由于最后一段提到有证据表明有害细菌会在海绵上生长繁殖，所以接下来很可能会讨论细菌威胁的证据具体是什么。故选A。 （2025高一上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. Luckily, you’re not the only person going through (经历，度过) this. And plenty of others have made the transition before you too. One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track (轨迹) of your own schedule (日程安排) and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well. Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organised schedules in place before you start high school. Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them. It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself. 1．In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is 　　　　. A．different relationships B．the higher expectations C．high academic achievement D．the higher pressure 2．Which of the following suggestions is NOT mentioned in the text? A．Careful schedules. B．Healthy relationships (关系). C．Using network information. D．Reinventing (重塑) yourself. 3．Who is the article intended for? A．Students in junior school. B．Teachers in high school. C．Students in senior one. D．Parents of high school students. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations B．How to Become an Active Learner in High School C．What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School D．How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高中新生如何应对从初中到高中的过渡，包括高中与初中的差异、应对建议等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations. (高中与初中最不同的一点是期望更高)”可知，在作者看来，高中和初中最大的区别是更高的期望。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organised schedules in place before you start high school. (提前为这些更高的期望做准备的一个方法是，在你开始上高中之前确保你有条理清晰的日程安排)”、第五段“Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. (与朋友和老师保持健康的关系是确保你在需要时有人愿意帮助你的好方法)”、第七段“These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself. (这些挑战提供了一个重塑自我的好机会)”可知，文中提到了合理的日程安排、健康的关系、重塑自我，未提到使用网络信息。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. (高中一年级对任何学生来说都是一个很大的过渡)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章是写给高一学生的。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. (对任何一个学生来说，高一都是一个重大的转变)”、最后一段“It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself. (当你开始上高中时，记住人无完人这一点很重要。过渡对每个人来说都很难，进入高中是一个重大的转变。这些挑战提供了重塑自我的绝佳机会)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要围绕高中新生如何应对从初中到高中的过渡展开，介绍了差异和应对方法。“如何度过高中一年级的过渡阶段”能概括文章主旨，适合用作标题。故选D项。 （2025高一上·江苏泰州·阶段检测）Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific discoveries in science. Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object. Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots. By analyzing elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can use freely to manage objects of different shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening (变长) or shortening — it’s different parts, depending on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers used advanced cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and tissues. The study findings will be used to help design a new “soft” robotic arm. “The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to find out some basic principles (原理) that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project also leads to improvements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful features of elephant skin that can be 3D printed for robotic models. The new materials may be marketed for a wide range of uses. 1．What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Straight. B．Smooth. C．Strong. D．Sharp. 2．How does an elephant control different objects? A．By sucking them with all the strength. B．By securing the position of these objects at first. C．By stretching its trunk based on the size of objects. D．By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly. 3．Why do researchers translate the biological information? A．To test the safety of the robotic arm. B．To improve the behavior of the robot. C．To change the appearance of the robot. D．To study the structure of muscle tissues. 4．Which could be the best title for the text? A．Elephant Trunks: The Facts of Movement in Robotics B．Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms C．“Soft” Robotic Arms: A New Idea in 3D-printed Robots D．“Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Achievement in Material Science 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文介绍科学家通过研究大象鼻子，发现其灵活控制不同物体(如用吸力抓轻物，结合吸力与包裹抓重物)的原理。此研究启发设计“软”机械臂，并开发类似象皮的3D打印材料，推动机器人学与材料学发展。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“Both flexible and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can hold a single leaf but can also carry a nearly 600-pound object.(大象的鼻子既灵活又……，它能够托起一片叶子，也能搬运近 600 磅重的物体。)”可知，象鼻可以拿起一片叶子，也能提起近600磅的物体。结合前后的对比，“sturdy”在此处应表示与“flexible(灵活的)”相对应的、形容象鼻强壮、有力的特性。选项中C项“Strong(强壮的)”与其意思相近。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk covering to hold and lift things.(例如，大象利用吸力来抓取轻质物体。然而，要抓取较重的物体时，它们会利用吸力来固定物体的位置，并用鼻子上的覆盖物来抓取和抬起物体。)”可知，大象通过灵活结合吸力与象鼻的动作来控制不同物体。D选项“By connecting suction with trunk movements flexibly(通过灵活地结合吸力与象鼻动作)”准确概括了这一方式。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The study findings will be used to help design a new ‘soft’ robotic arm.(该研究的成果将被用于协助设计一款新型的“柔软”机器人手臂。)”以及“The findings are great, but now the effort is focused on translating this biological information into some engineering requirements.( 这些发现非常出色，但目前的重点在于将这些生物学信息转化为一些工程方面的要求。)”可知，研究的生物学发现将被用于设计新的“软”机械臂，而当前的重点是将这些生物信息转化为工程要求，目的是使机器人的行为足够简单有效并适应变化。转化生物学信息是为了改进机器人的行为。B选项“To improve the behavior of the robot(为了改进机器人的行为)”符合题意。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists think that they are an amazing inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired robots.( 科学家们认为，它们对于下一代仿生机器人的发展具有极大的启发意义。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过研究大象鼻子，发现其灵活控制物体的原理，并将其应用于设计“软”机械臂，同时开发类似象皮的3D打印材料。全文围绕象鼻作为“软”机械臂的灵感来源展开。B选项“Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for “Soft” Robotic Arms(象鼻：“软”机械臂的灵感来源)”最能概括文章核心内容，适合用作标题。故选B。 （2025高一上·江苏泰州·阶段检测）How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. However, two behavioral economists, Lu Yunfeng and Zhong Songfa, think they have found a way around this — at least for athletes whose sports do not require them to move a lot. When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. To this end, he worked with Dr Zhong, who has a long history of working on stress and behavior. When they dug into the matter, 122 of the 128 archers in the games agreed to have their heart rates measured. The trick was that, since competitors were stationary, their heart rates could be monitored remotely by a technique called photoplethysmography. As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. These findings support the idea that the performance of even some of the world’s best athletes drops off as they experience increased stress. Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. 1．What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph? A．Athletes usually suffer from a lot of stress. B．It’s important to monitor athletes’ pre-competition training. C．Monitoring devices are widely used in sports competitions. D．It’s hard to figure out if stress influences athletes’ performance. 2．What inspired Dr Lu to start his research? A．His strong interest in archery. B．His desire to test a new technique. C．The archery contests he saw on TV. D．A meeting he had with a behavioral economist. 3．What did the researchers find out about the archers in the games? A．The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. B．The archers with the highest stress levels performed the best. C．The heart rates of all archers were similar during the competition. D．The heart rate of the archers changed little over the course of the competition. 4．What might the researchers focus on in the future? A．What the best stress levels for athletes of different sports are. B．How mental stress influences athletes’ training routines and recovery. C．Why some athletes are more easily influenced by stress during competition. D．How stress influences athletes’ performance in sports with lots of movement. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两位行为经济学家利用2020年奥运会射箭比赛直播中心率数据，研究运动员心理压力与表现的关系。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“How much stress is good for an athlete? No one knows. The reason is that to avoid influencing their performance, top athletes are rarely willing to carry even the tiniest monitoring devices (监测设备) when in competition. And when they are not in competition, such measurements would be meaningless. (多大的压力对运动员有利？没人知道。原因是，为了避免影响他们的表现，顶尖运动员在比赛中很少愿意携带哪怕是最小的监测设备。而当他们不参加比赛时，这样的测量就毫无意义了。)”可知，本段主要讲述了很难确定压力是否会影响运动员的表现。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When watching the 2020 Olympic Games on television, Dr Lu noticed that in the archery (射箭) contests, competitors’ heart rates were shown to viewers as they shot. The heart rate is well known as an indicator (指标) of mental stress, so he saw this as an opportunity to study the relationship between stress and performance. (当在电视上观看2020年奥运会时，陆博士注意到在射箭比赛中，选手在射箭时的心率会显示给观众看。心率是众所周知的心理压力指标，因此他认为这是一个研究压力与表现之间关系的机会。)”可知，是陆博士在电视上看到的射箭比赛启发他开始这项研究的。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“As they report in a paper in Psychological Science, heart rates of archers differed greatly during the competition. A few hearts pumped (跳动) at just over one beat per second while one competitor’s raced along at more than three. The average was 138 beats per minute. The average rate for an archer who hit ten-ring for a score of ten was 134.2 beats per minute. It was 135.7 for nine-ring and 137.9 for eight-ring. (正如他们在《心理科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中所报告的那样，射箭运动员在比赛期间的心率差异很大。有些心脏每秒跳动略多于一次，而一名选手的心率则超过每秒三次。平均每分钟138次。一个射中十环得十分的运动员的平均心率是每分钟134.2次。九环的平均心率是135.7，八环的平均心率是137.9。)”可知，心率高的选手得分较低，A选项“The archers with higher heart rates had lower scores. (心率较高的射箭运动员得分较低。)”符合题意。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether that is limited to those who need a steady (稳定的) aim to win, or also works for athletes who have to run around as they compete, remains to be seen. (这是否仅限于那些需要稳定目标才能获胜的人，或者是否也适用于那些在比赛中必须四处奔跑的运动员，还有待观察。)”可知，研究人员未来可能会关注压力如何影响运动员在大量运动的运动中的表现。故选D项。 （2025高一上·江苏南京·阶段检测）Ten years ago, when Kelik Suparno heard the song of a bird, he thought of money. A single bird could bring him much at a busy market. Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible. Indonesia has become the center of what experts call the Asian songbird crisis (危机). Across the country, the illegal (非法的) trade of wild birds puts at least 26 kinds of birds in danger. The crisis is worsened by the growing popularity of birdsong competitions, where owners of caged (笼中的) birds compete for prizes. These events attract thousands each year and have created a nationwide market. As a result, wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears that many birds could vanish in the near future. For centuries, keeping songbirds has been a tradition in Java. Today, up to 84 million caged birds are believed to be kept on the island. For many, birds stand for success and bring a sense of peace. In Yogyakarta, the cultural “soul” of Java, waking to the sound of a bird’s gentle call is considered a good thing. This culture, however, now stands in direct conflict(冲突) with the need to protect wildlife. Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers. Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters. 1．What does Suparno do for a living now? A．He trains nature guides. B．He focuses on bird protection. C．He holds bird competitions. D．He sells home-raised birds. 2．What does the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Grow. C．Compete. D．Return. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The popularity of wild birds. B．The rules in the birdsong competition. C．The challenges facing the bird keepers. D．The way to stop wild birds being caught. 4．What can be known about bird protection in Indonesia? A．It remains hopeless. B．Everyone has a role to play. C．Hunters should give up traditions. D．It sets a good example to others. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以猎人Suparno转型为自然向导、以保护鸟类为生的案例切入，介绍印尼野生鸣禽非法贸易现状、文化传统与保护需求的冲突，以及当前应对措施与挑战，强调保护鸟类需社会各界共同参与。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, he listens for the same sound with a new purpose. As a nature guide in Java, he introduces visitors to his favorite bird. Suparno, once a hunter (猎人), now earns a living by protecting these birds, showing that change is possible.(如今，他怀着新的目的再次倾听着同样的声音。作为爪哇的一名自然导游，他向游客介绍他所钟爱的鸟类。苏帕诺曾是一名猎人，如今则通过保护这些鸟类来谋生，这表明改变是有可能实现的)”可知，Suparno如今作为自然向导，通过介绍鸟类、保护鸣禽物种谋生。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“wild bird numbers drop fast, raising fears(野生鸟类的数量急剧减少，引起了恐惧)”可知，野生鸟类数量急剧下降，这引发了人们对许多物种很快会消失的担忧，由此可推测，vanish应表示“消失”，与disappear 同义。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Some keepers and competition organizers are starting to act. They encourage people to use birds born in cages, not those taken from the wild. Special notes are put on young birds to prove where they come from. Such measures are seen as key steps in cutting down the need for wild songbirds. Yet problems remain, as many buyers still believe wild-caught birds are better singers.(一些饲养员和比赛组织者开始采取行动了。他们鼓励人们使用在笼子里出生的鸟，而非从野外捕获的鸟。还会在幼鸟身上贴上标签，以证明它们的来源。这些措施被视为减少对野生鸣禽需求的关键步骤。然而，问题依然存在，因为许多买家仍然认为从野外捕获的鸟唱歌更好)”可知，本段主要讲述饲养者及比赛组织者为避免野生鸟被抓采取的行动。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Environmental experts point out that the future of Indonesia’s birds cannot rest on a few villages or keepers alone. From hunters and traders to bird lovers and policymakers, everyone’s taking part matters.(环境专家指出，印尼鸟类的未来不能仅仅依赖于少数几个村庄或饲养员。从猎人、商人到鸟类爱好者以及政策制定者，每个人的参与都至关重要)”可知，保护印尼鸟类不能仅依赖少数村庄，社会各界都需发挥作用，由此可推断，印尼的鸟类保护需要社会各界都发挥作用。故选B。 （2025高一上·江苏苏州·阶段检测）School is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School in Washington, D．C．, students are hard at work outdoors. In a garden filled with flowers and beds bursting with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting vegetables for the weekend’s farmers’ market. Roshawn Little is going into her junior year at Eastern, and has been working in this garden for three years now. During the summer, Little gets paid to work Tuesday through Saturday from 9 a. m. until 2 p. m. with City Blossoms, a nonprofit that brings community gardens to schools in urban areas. She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviors home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables. City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to build school gardens, like the one at Eastern. It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers in how to use them to get students busy and improve students’ academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed and learning the science of how plants grow. For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to 15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers have reported seeing increased student engagement, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates. 1．What does Roshawn Little think of the summer outdoor activity? A．It is a good way to earn pocket money. B．It contributes to her healthy eating habits. C．It has improved her family relationship. D．It is valuable to her academic performance. 2．What is the purpose of the school gardens? A．To provide a creative way of learning. B．To advance teachers’ teaching skills. C．To get students interested in science. D．To invite students to care for plants. 3．What does the last paragraph focus on about school gardens? A．Its effects. B．Its aims. C．Its operations. D．Its expectations. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．City Blossoms: Team Up with Local Community Teachers. B．Outdoor Classrooms: Get out for the Weekend’s Farmers’ Market. C．What School Gardens Teach Kids: Healthy Eating, Smart Minds. D．How Kids Enjoy the Harvest: Happy Holiday, Sweet Memories. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国华盛顿特区东高中的校园菜园项目，以及非营利组织City Blossoms的参与，展现该项目对学生饮食习惯和学业的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new things, like eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she’s taken those healthy behaviors home with her and her eating habits have encouraged her family to buy more fruits and vegetables.(她认为在菜园工作让她尝试了各种新事物，比如更频繁地吃不同种类的蔬菜。而且她把这些健康的习惯带回了家，她的饮食习惯还鼓励家人购买更多的水果和蔬菜。)”可知，罗莎恩·利特尔认为夏季户外菜园工作培养了自己的健康饮食习惯，还影响了家人。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It works with schools to create learning gardens and trains teachers in how to use them to get students busy and improve students’ academic performance. These gardens are really outdoor classrooms. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessons, like calculating the area of a plant bed and learning the science of how plants grow.(该组织与学校合作创建学习型菜园，并培训教师如何利用这些菜园让学生积极参与，提高学生的学业成绩。这些菜园实际上就是户外教室。例如，菜园可以用于数学课，比如计算花坛面积，以及学习植物生长的科学知识。)”可知，校园菜园的目的是提供一种创新的学习方式，将劳动与学科知识结合。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“For the students, the experience can be a nutritional eye-opener, which has totally changed their views on where food comes from and what it takes to produce food. Partner schools have also seen a 12 to15 percent increase in the number of students passing standardized tests and 94 percent of teachers have reported seeing increased student engagement, according to an independent evaluation (评价) conducted by PEER Associates. (对于学生们来说，这段经历可以让他们在营养学上大开眼界，完全改变了他们对食物来源和生产食物所需条件的看法。根据PEER Associates进行的一项独立评估，合作学校通过标准化考试的学生人数也增加了12%至15%，94%的教师报告说，学生的参与度有所提高。)”可知，该段重点阐述校园菜园对学生认知、学业及参与度产生的积极效果。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍学生在校园菜园的实践及对饮食习惯的影响；第二段说明菜园作为户外教室的学习功能；第三段强调菜园对学生认知和学业的积极作用，由此可知，全文核心是校园菜园教会学生健康饮食和助力学业提升，“校园菜园教会孩子：健康饮食，聪明头脑”最能概括主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $