暑假作业11 完形填空（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材外研版

**基本信息** 以话题为统领，构建“话题概览-核心词汇-完形填空”闭环训练体系，通过真题语境强化词汇应用与语篇理解，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |话题概览|6个单元主题|覆盖职业、成长等高频话题|主题统领词汇与语篇，形成话题网络| |核心词汇|每话题约10词/词组|含词性、释义、音标|话题词汇精准对应语篇考点，强化词汇积累| |完形填空|5话题各1-2篇真题|语境化词汇辨析，真题改编|语篇复现核心词汇，实现词汇-语境迁移应用|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业11 完形填空 一、单元话题概览 单元 话题主题 核心话题（中文） Unit 1 Career talks 职业话题 / 职业规划 Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 成长中的烦恼与收获 Unit 3 What makes a great team? 团队合作 Unit 4 Helping out 志愿服务 / 社会责任 Unit 5 Looking into nature 观察自然 / 探索自然 Unit 6 Living with nature 人与自然和谐共生 二、核心词汇归纳 话题一：职业 1) career n. 职业，事业 /kəˈrɪə/ 2) realize v. 实现；意识到 /ˈrɪəlaɪz/ 3) improve v. 提高，改善 /ɪmˈpruːv/ 4) give up 词组 放弃 /ɡɪv ʌp/ 5) take part in 词组 参加（活动/比赛） /teɪk pɑːt ɪn/ 6) confident adj. 自信的 /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ 7) outgoing adj. 外向的，开朗的 /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ 8) encourage v. 鼓励 /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 9) meaningful adj. 有意义的，有价值的 /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ 10) prepare for 词组 为……做准备 /prɪˈpeə fɔː/ 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获 1) manage v. 管理，应对，控制 /ˈmænɪdʒ/ 2) avoid v. 避免，逃避 /əˈvɔɪd/ 3) negative adj. 消极的，负面的 /ˈneɡətɪv/ 4) hurtful adj. 伤人的，刻薄的 /ˈhɜːtfl/ 5) apologize v. 道歉 /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ 6) communicate v. 沟通，交流 /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ 7) forgive v. 原谅，宽恕 /fəˈɡɪv/ 8) thankful adj. 感激的，感谢的 /ˈθæŋkfl/ 9) purpose n. 目标，目的 /ˈpɜːpəs/ 10) deal with 词组 处理，应对 /diːl wɪð/ 话题三：团队合作 1) united adj. 团结的，一致的 /juˈnaɪtɪd/ 2) interrupt v. 打断，插嘴 /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ 3) opinion n. 观点，看法 /əˈpɪnjən/ 4) cooperate v. 合作，配合 /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ 5) create v. 创造，制定 /kriˈeɪt/ 6) secret n. 秘诀，秘密 /ˈsiːkrət/ 7) put away 词组 收起，放下（本意）；打消（念头） /pʊt əˈweɪ/ 8) appear v. 出现，显现 /əˈpɪə/ 9) pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，舒适的 /ˈpleznt/ 10) put oneself in others' shoes 词组 换位思考，设身处地 /pʊt wʌnˈself ɪn ˈʌðəz ʃuːz/ 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 1) achieve v. 实现，达成 /əˈtʃiːv/ 2) solution n. 解决办法，方案 /səˈluːʃn/ 3) disease n. 疾病，病害 /dɪˈziːz/ 4) chemical n. 化学物质 /ˈkemɪkl/ 5) prove v. 证明，证实 /pruːv/ 6) mistake...for... 词组 把……误认为…… /mɪˈsteɪk fɔː/ 7) although conj. 尽管，虽然 /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ 8) offer v. 提供，主动提出 /ˈɒfə/ 9) take the place of 词组 取代，代替 /teɪk ðə pleɪs əv/ 10) put oneself in others' shoes 词组 换位思考，设身处地 /pʊt wʌnˈself ɪn ˈʌðəz ʃuːz/ 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 1) explore v. 探索，考察 /ɪkˈsplɔː/ 2) calm adj. 冷静的，镇定的 /kɑːm/ 3) free v. 解救，使自由 /friː/ 4) kindness n. 善意，仁慈 /ˈkaɪndnəs/ 5) scared adj. 害怕的，惊恐的 /skeəd/ 6) extreme adj. 极端的，极度的 /ɪkˈstriːm/ 7) produce v. 生产，产生 /prəˈdjuːs/ 8) serve v. 提供（食物/服务） /sɜːv/ 9) unknown adj. 未知的，不熟悉的 /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ 10) as if 词组 好像，仿佛 /æz ɪf/ 话题一：职业（25-26八年级下·广东茂名·期中） Growing up is a journey with both pains and gains, and it’s also a time when we start to think about our future 1 . Everyone has their own dream job, and it takes hard work to make it come true. When I was a little child, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my primary school teacher very much. She was kind and patient, and she taught me a lot of things. As I grew older, my dream 2 a little. Now I want to be a journalist (记者), for I like writing and hope to tell real stories to people, which I think is a 3 job that can make a difference to the world. To realize this dream, I try my best to overcome growing pains. I need to 4 my writing skills. I keep writing every day, and never 5 , even when I can’t write well, and my Chinese teacher always encourages me. Besides, I take part in more school activities to become 6 , which is necessary for a journalist. Through these efforts, I have got great 7 : become more confident and learned that success doesn’t come easily. Last month, I 8 a city writing competition and won the second prize. That greatly encouraged me. I know there are still difficulties ahead, but I will keep working hard, believing every pain in growing up will turn into precious gains. And one day, I will 9 my career dream. Growing up is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person and 10 for our future. With efforts and courage, we can finally grow into the person we want to be. 1．A．hobby B．career C．home D．study 2．A．changed B．happened C．appeared D．arrived 3．A．boring B．busy C．great D．noisy 4．A．improve B．forget C．lose D．show 5．A．wake up B．stand up C．give up D．get up 6．A．shyer B．quieter C．more beautiful D．more confident 7．A．pains B．gains C．worries D．problems 8．A．looked for B．thanked for C．talked about D．took part in 9．A．agree B．spend C．realize D．promise 10．A．looking B．asking C．caring D．preparing 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获（25-26八年级下·河北邢台·期末） Growing up is not always easy. We face changes, challenges, and all kinds of emotions. It’s important to learn how to understand and manage our feelings. Last week, I argued with my best friend, Lily. We 1 each other angrily. We both said some 2 things to each other. After that, I felt very upset and 3 . I didn’t want to talk to anyone and I thought nobody understood me. My mum noticed something was wrong. She sat down with me and gave me a 4 . She said, “Sweetie, you need to 5 with Lily. Until you talk to her, she might not know how you feel.” My mom’s words made me think. I realized that 6 the problem wouldn’t help. Although I was still a bit upset, I made a 7 . I decided to write Lily a letter so that I could get my message across clearly. In the letter, I explained my feelings and 8 for my part in the argument (争吵). The next day, Lily came to my house. She also apologized. We talked for a long time and finally made up. We promised to choose our words more 9 in the future. From this experience, I learned that we should learn to 10 negative emotions in a proper way. Communication is the key to solving problems. Keeping feelings inside only makes things worse. 1．A．shouted at B．dealt with C．heard of D．suffered from 2．A．joyful B．hurtful C．thankful D．successful 3．A．proud B．lonely C．relaxed D．shocked 4．A．present B．message C．interview D．suggestion 5．A．live B．agree C．compare D．communicate 6．A．avoiding B．checking C．warning D．controlling 7．A．call B．wish C．decision D．mistake 8．A．proved B．thanked C．advised D．apologized 9．A．luckily B．clearly C．happily D．carefully 10．A．hide B．remain C．manage D．receive 话题三：团队合作 Once there was a group of forest animals who wanted to join the annual football game. Rabbit, Deer, Squirrel, Badger and Fox decided to form a team. At first, each of them thought they were the best. Rabbit said he could run the fastest, so he should take all the shots. Deer thought he was tall, so he should 1 all the passes. Squirrel wanted to control the ball all the time, and Badger got angry easily when others made mistakes. Fox just stood aside, not willing to 2 in any practice. Their first practice was a mess. They didn’t pass the ball to each other, and they lost every mini game against a small team of mice. An old Owl watched them from a tree and said, “A great team doesn’t need the best players, but players who 3 each other and work as one.” The animals felt ashamed. They decided to change. Next practice, Rabbit 4 to pass the ball to Deer when Deer was in a better position near the goal. Squirrel stopped keeping the ball to himself and shared it with others quickly. Badger learned to stay calm and 5 his teammates instead of shouting at them when they made errors. Fox started to take part in every practice, using his cleverness to 6 good plans for the team. When the game came, they worked together perfectly. Rabbit ran fast to create chances, Deer caught the high passes and scored two goals, Squirrel moved quickly to pass the ball to the right person, Badger protected their goal 7 , and Fox told them when to attack and when to defend. They scored four goals and won the game against a strong team of wolves! After the game, they sat together under the tree. Rabbit said, “I used to think speed was everything, but now I know passing is more important.” Deer nodded, “I learned that listening to others helps us win.” The old Owl smiled and said, “You see? The 8 of a great team is cooperation. No one can win alone.” From then on, the animals became the best team in the forest. They always remembered that to build a great team, everyone must 9 their own ego and work for the team’s success. And every year, they won the football game, not because they were the strongest, but because they were the most 10 . 1．A．catch B．miss C．reject D．drop 2．A．take part B．give up C．stand out D．show off 3．A．compete with B．care about C．look down on D．argue with 4．A．refused B．tried C．continued D．failed 5．A．shout at B．cheer for C．complain about D．worry about 6．A．create B．follow C．break D．change 7．A．carelessly B．happily C．carefully D．angrily 8．A．secret B．problem C．result D．reason 9．A．put up B．put away C．put on D．put off 10．A．talented B．hard-working C．united D．famous 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 14-year-old Wang Mei has a love for ancient trees. She believes each one has a special 1 to nature and humans. Last week, Wang read a piece of news about a 300-year-old tree. She learned that the tree had a 2 . The news made her sad, 3 Wang decided to become a ”tree doctor“ to protect these treasures (珍宝).   To 4 this goal, Wang made a plan. First, she took up photography to document (记录) ancient trees. She also searched for online classes and learned about 5 tree problems, like getting sick and getting hurt from insects. Wang studied hard to learn the causes of those problems and their best 6 . Wang often reminded herself not to 7 any details, because every small detail was important. Next, Wang learned from a(n) 8 tree doctor, Mr Li. He taught her 9 to treat sick trees. One day, they found an ancient tree in poor 10 . Its leaves turned yellow, and many fell off 11 . There were also dead branches (枯枝). ”This isn’t normal for this time of year, “Mr Li said. Together, they provided treatment for the tree. Li added that treating a tree was like 12 a person - people should understand how 13 “felt”. Wang kept the words in mind. Now Wang hopes to 14 ancient trees by herself. “I may face lots of problems and 15 sometimes, but I won’t stop,” she says. “I hope these ancient trees can tell stories for years.” 1．A．secret B．answer C．history D．meaning 2．A．hole B．disease C．sign D．seed 3．A．so B．but C．or D．because 4．A．win B．set C．achieve D．explore 5．A．popular B．magical C．modern D．common 6．A．solutions B．goals C．tools D．roles 7．A．miss B．cover C．waste D．expect 8．A．simple B．excellent C．rich D．strange 9．A．how B．what C．when D．where 10．A．results B．spirits C．light D．health 11．A．alone B．slowly C．early D．successfully 12．A．thinking of B．looking forward to C．looking for D．taking care of 13．A．they B．it C．we D．you 14．A．plant B．draw C．find D．save 15．A．stop B．fail C．change D．leave 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 David was a young nature lover. He enjoyed exploring the forest near his home. One sunny morning, he decided to 1 deeper into the forest than ever before. He packed some food and water, and told his mother he would be back 2 sunset (日落). 3 he walked on the small road, David saw many interesting things: colorful birds, strange insects, and beautiful flowers. They were all worth (值得) a closer look. He was so interested in watching a family of rabbits that he didn’t realize how far he had gone. When he finally looked up, he found himself in a(n) 4 part of the forest. “I’m lost,” he thought, feeling a little 5 . The trees all looked the same, and he couldn’t remember which way he came here. He tried to stay 6 and think what to do. Just then, he heard a soft sound behind some bushes. He moved 7 closer and saw a small deer with its leg stuck between two rocks. The deer looked at him with 8 eyes. “Don’t worry,” David said 9 . “I’ll help you.” He carefully moved the rocks and 10 the deer’s leg. The deer stood up slowly and looked at David for a moment before 11 away into the forest. David was still lost, but he felt good about helping the animal. Suddenly, he heard the deer making sounds not far away. It kept looking back at him as if 12 him to follow. David decided to trust the deer. He followed it for about ten minutes until they reached a 13 road. He recognized this road! It led back to his neighborhood. How 14 David felt! He not only helped the deer but also helped himself. This experience taught him that 15 to animals is always worth it. When David got home, he told his family this wonderful story about his adventure in the forest. 1．A．go B．run C．look D．climb 2．A．after B．until C．since D．by 3．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If 4．A．unusual B．important C．wonderful D．unknown 5．A．happy B．proud C．afraid D．excited 6．A．calm B．warm C．awake D．silent 7．A．suddenly B．hurriedly C．quietly D．strongly 8．A．angry B．tired C．bright D．scared 9．A．loudly B．softly C．quickly D．seriously 10．A．treated B．covered C．freed D．touched 11．A．walking B．playing C．singing D．dancing 12．A．hating B．wanting C．teaching D．allowing 13．A．soft B．narrow C．hard D．free 14．A．strange B．lucky C．nervous D．bored 15．A．kindness B．sadness C．hope D．worry 话题一：职业（25-26八年级下·天津滨海新区·期中） Growing up is a journey with both pains and gains. It’s time for us to think about our future 1 . Everyone has their own dream job, and it takes hard work to make it come true. When I was a little child, I wanted to be a teacher. I liked my primary school teacher very much. She was kind and patient, and she taught me many things. As I grew older, my dream 2 a little. Now I want to be a journalist (记者). I like writing and I want to tell real stories to people. I think it’s a 3 job. To make my dream come true, I have to face and overcome many difficulties. First, I need to 4 my writing skills. I keep a diary every day and practice writing. Sometimes I can’t write well and feel upset, but I never 5 . My Chinese teacher always encourages me and gives me useful advice. Second, I need to be more outgoing. As a journalist, I have to talk with different people, so I take part in more school activities to make myself 6 . Through these things, I have got a lot of 7 . I become more independent and confident. I also learn that success doesn’t come easily. It needs hard work and persistence (坚持). Last month, I 8 a writing competition in our city and won the second prize. It made me very encouraged. I know there are still many difficulties ahead, but I will keep working hard. I believe that every pain in growing up will become a valuable gain. And one day, I will 9 my career dream. Growing up is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person and 10 for our future. 1．A．career B．life C．hobby D．study 2．A．changed B．happened C．appeared D．arrived 3．A．meaningless B．boring C．meaningful D．tiring 4．A．improve B．forget C．lose D．show 5．A．give up B．get up C．stand up D．wake up 6．A．shyer B．more outgoing C．quieter D．more careful 7．A．pains B．gains C．problems D．worries 8．A．took part in B．intend C．attended D．became 9．A．realize B．forget C．miss D．break 10．A．preparing B．caring C．looking D．asking 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获（25-26八年级下·安徽芜湖·期中） Last week, our science group had an important experiment (实验) for the final exam. Our 1 was to finish it well and get a good grade. Because of the great pressure from the exam, I was too nervous to 2 my hands. When we started, I made a big mistake by adding the wrong chemical (化学制品) carelessly. Everyone was shocked. I felt upset and 3 at once. Though my group members said nothing 4 , I knew clearly it was all my fault. I stayed 5 in the corner, full of anger at my own carelessness. I didn’t know how to 6 the terrible situation. I was afraid they would never forgive me for making us fail. Later, our group leader came to me and gave me some good 7 patiently. He told me not to have 8 thoughts and to behave bravely. I decided to apologize to the whole group. To my surprise, they 9 me easily. They said we were a team and would try again together. Together, we did the experiment carefully again and finally succeeded. I’m truly 10 for them. Though I made a mistake, they didn't give up on me. Now I’m proud of our team. I learned to face mistakes bravely. 1．A．purpose B．pleasure C．joke D．reason 2．A．wash B．clean C．control D．remind 3．A．excited B．hungry C．positive D．sorry 4．A．interesting B．hurtful C．beautiful D．helpful 5．A．alone B．loudly C．carefully D．slowly 6．A．deal with B．wait for C．come over D．look after 7．A．information B．progress C．advice D．trouble 8．A．popular B．negative C．important D．public 9．A．forgave B．protected C．researched D．left 10．A．afraid B．comfortable C．surprised D．thankful 话题三：团队合作（25-26八年级下·河南周口·期中） Communication is very important in our daily life. Good communication helps us get on well with parents, teachers and friends. However, many eighth graders don’t know how to communicate 1 . They often have arguments with people around them. My friend Jack is a typical example. He is smart and studies well, but he has 2 friends. He always speaks too directly and never cares about others’ feelings. Last week, his classmate Lily made a small mistake in a group project. Jack laughed at her and said she was 3 . Lily felt sad and didn’t talk to him anymore. Later, Jack realized his mistake, but he didn’t know how to say 4 to her. In fact, good communication needs some useful 5 . First, we should learn to listen. When others are talking, don’t 6 them casually. Look at them quietly and understand their real thoughts. Listening is the first step of good communication. Second, choose proper words. Different situations need different ways of 7 . We should be polite and gentle, even when we have different 8 . Don’t use rude or hurtful words. Third, learn to put yourself in others’ 9 . Try to think about things from other people’s sides. If you are others, how will you feel? This can help us avoid misunderstandings. Fourth, keep calm when disagreements 10 . It’s normal to have different ideas. Shouting or arguing can 11 solve problems. It will only make things worse. At home, many students often quarrel with their parents because of study and hobbies. They refuse to 12 their real feelings. If we can talk with parents patiently and explain our ideas, parents will understand us 13 . At school, friendly communication can help us build close friendship and create a 14 study environment. Communication is a lifelong lesson. As teenagers, we should keep practicing and improving our communication skills. Only in this way can we live a happier and 15 life. 1．A．clearly B．politely C．widely D．correctly 2．A．few B．many C．some D．enough 3．A．smart B．careless C．shy D．outgoing 4．A．goodbye B．hello C．sorry D．thanks 5．A．skills B．secrets C．games D．stories 6．A．watch B．interrupt C．help D．trust 7．A．speaking B．writing C．reading D．exercising 8．A．hobbies B．dreams C．opinions D．habits 9．A．hands B．shoes C．rooms D．seats 10．A．appear B．leave C．stop D．fail 11．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never 12．A．hide B．share C．forget D．miss 13．A．better B．worse C．less D．harder 14．A．noisy B．terrible C．pleasant D．boring 15．A．busier B．healthier C．poorer D．colder 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 Rebecca, a British wildlife photographer, was filming a documentary (纪录片) for the BBC in the Pacific Ocean when she made a sad discovery: countless (数不清的) seabirds lay 1 on the beach. The birds had died because they 2 plastic waste for food. The beaches of the Pacific islands were 3 with plastic—broken toys, empty bottles, and plastic bags. It seemed like plastic waste had 4 the natural beauty of these areas.   Deeply troubled, Rebecca returned to her hometown, Modbury, and made up her 5 to do something. She visited local shops, 6 asking owners to stop using plastic bags. At the time, the UK 7 over 16 billion plastic bags yearly. These bags, which can produce dangerous 8 , could take centuries to decompose (分解), harming wildlife and polluting oceans.   To her 9 , all 38 shops agreed because of her politeness and kind heart. In 2007, Modbury became Britain’s first plastic bag-free town. Stores 10 reusable cloth bags or paper bags instead. Soon, neighboring towns followed Modbury’s example, 11 a wave of change across the country.   By 2015, the UK government passed a 12 . Shops must charge (收费) 5 pence for each 13 bag. 14 the cost was low, it cut plastic bag use by 90% around the country. Rebecca’s story 15 that small steps, like saying “no” to plastic bags, can protect the Earth for future generations (后代). By choosing to reduce plastic use, we not only protect our environment but also encourage others to follow, creating a healthier planet for all. 1．A．excited B．dead C．sad D．happy 2．A．mistook B．wanted C．explained D．looked 3．A．tired B．popular C．filled D．full 4．A．thrown away B．shared with C．found out D．taken the place of 5．A．hand B．mind C．heart D．idea 6．A．angrily B．quickly C．politely D．happily 7．A．jumped B．used C．turned D．carried 8．A．differences B．chemicals C．industries D．actions 9．A．sadness B．disappointment C．surprise D．kindness 10．A．offered B．lent C．borrowed D．returned 11．A．discovering B．creating C．inventing D．designing 12．A．ball B．suggestion C．law D．passport 13．A．paper B．plastic C．cloth D．silk 14．A．But B．Unless C．Since D．Although 15．A．gives B．accepts C．makes D．proves 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 （25-26八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 1 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 2 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 3 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 4 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 5 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 6 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 7 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 8 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 9 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 10 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 1．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 2．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 3．A．history B．story C．number D．population 4．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 5．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 6．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 7．A．season B．day C．place D．month 8．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 9．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 10．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive [跨文化] Cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more common in our daily life. Every country has its own special customs and social rules. If we want to communicate well with foreign friends, we need to learn and 1 their culture. Firstly, dressing is important. We should dress 2 for different situations. Wearing too casual clothes may seem disrespectful on formal occasions. Secondly, we must pay attention to our conversation 3 . Safe topics like sightseeing, food and hobbies can bring people closer. We should never ask personal questions, for they are 4 and rude. Thirdly, table manners also matter a lot. Different countries have 5 eating rules. In some countries, making soft sounds while eating is okay, while in others, it is totally 6 . We should watch others and learn from them. It is 7 for us to feel nervous when we first communicate with foreigners. But don’t be afraid of 8 . With continuous learning and 9 , we will become more confident. Always remember that kindness and politeness are the most 10 language in the world. 1．A．change B．respect C．create D．forget 2．A．properly B．quietly C．quickly D．casually 3．A．skills B．secrets C．topics D．tricks 4．A．safe B．boring C．public D．impolite 5．A．different B．similar C．simple D．strict 6．A．fine B．rude C．normal D．funny 7．A．unusual B．strange C．common D．impossible 8．A．mistakes B．friends C．rules D．manners 9．A．money B．practice C．luck D．time 10．A．difficult B．special C．universal D．strange 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业11 完形填空 一、单元话题概览 单元 话题主题 核心话题（中文） Unit 1 Career talks 职业话题 / 职业规划 Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 成长中的烦恼与收获 Unit 3 What makes a great team? 团队合作 Unit 4 Helping out 志愿服务 / 社会责任 Unit 5 Looking into nature 观察自然 / 探索自然 Unit 6 Living with nature 人与自然和谐共生 二、核心词汇归纳 话题一：职业 1) career n. 职业，事业 /kəˈrɪə/ 2) realize v. 实现；意识到 /ˈrɪəlaɪz/ 3) improve v. 提高，改善 /ɪmˈpruːv/ 4) give up 词组 放弃 /ɡɪv ʌp/ 5) take part in 词组 参加（活动/比赛） /teɪk pɑːt ɪn/ 6) confident adj. 自信的 /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ 7) outgoing adj. 外向的，开朗的 /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ 8) encourage v. 鼓励 /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 9) meaningful adj. 有意义的，有价值的 /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ 10) prepare for 词组 为……做准备 /prɪˈpeə fɔː/ 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获 1) manage v. 管理，应对，控制 /ˈmænɪdʒ/ 2) avoid v. 避免，逃避 /əˈvɔɪd/ 3) negative adj. 消极的，负面的 /ˈneɡətɪv/ 4) hurtful adj. 伤人的，刻薄的 /ˈhɜːtfl/ 5) apologize v. 道歉 /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ 6) communicate v. 沟通，交流 /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ 7) forgive v. 原谅，宽恕 /fəˈɡɪv/ 8) thankful adj. 感激的，感谢的 /ˈθæŋkfl/ 9) purpose n. 目标，目的 /ˈpɜːpəs/ 10) deal with 词组 处理，应对 /diːl wɪð/ 话题三：团队合作 1) united adj. 团结的，一致的 /juˈnaɪtɪd/ 2) interrupt v. 打断，插嘴 /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ 3) opinion n. 观点，看法 /əˈpɪnjən/ 4) cooperate v. 合作，配合 /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ 5) create v. 创造，制定 /kriˈeɪt/ 6) secret n. 秘诀，秘密 /ˈsiːkrət/ 7) put away 词组 收起，放下（本意）；打消（念头） /pʊt əˈweɪ/ 8) appear v. 出现，显现 /əˈpɪə/ 9) pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，舒适的 /ˈpleznt/ 10) put oneself in others' shoes 词组 换位思考，设身处地 /pʊt wʌnˈself ɪn ˈʌðəz ʃuːz/ 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 1) achieve v. 实现，达成 /əˈtʃiːv/ 2) solution n. 解决办法，方案 /səˈluːʃn/ 3) disease n. 疾病，病害 /dɪˈziːz/ 4) chemical n. 化学物质 /ˈkemɪkl/ 5) prove v. 证明，证实 /pruːv/ 6) mistake...for... 词组 把……误认为…… /mɪˈsteɪk fɔː/ 7) although conj. 尽管，虽然 /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ 8) offer v. 提供，主动提出 /ˈɒfə/ 9) take the place of 词组 取代，代替 /teɪk ðə pleɪs əv/ 10) put oneself in others' shoes 词组 换位思考，设身处地 /pʊt wʌnˈself ɪn ˈʌðəz ʃuːz/ 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 1) explore v. 探索，考察 /ɪkˈsplɔː/ 2) calm adj. 冷静的，镇定的 /kɑːm/ 3) free v. 解救，使自由 /friː/ 4) kindness n. 善意，仁慈 /ˈkaɪndnəs/ 5) scared adj. 害怕的，惊恐的 /skeəd/ 6) extreme adj. 极端的，极度的 /ɪkˈstriːm/ 7) produce v. 生产，产生 /prəˈdjuːs/ 8) serve v. 提供（食物/服务） /sɜːv/ 9) unknown adj. 未知的，不熟悉的 /ˌʌnˈnəʊn/ 10) as if 词组 好像，仿佛 /æz ɪf/ 话题一：职业（25-26八年级下·广东茂名·期中） Growing up is a journey with both pains and gains, and it’s also a time when we start to think about our future 1 . Everyone has their own dream job, and it takes hard work to make it come true. When I was a little child, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my primary school teacher very much. She was kind and patient, and she taught me a lot of things. As I grew older, my dream 2 a little. Now I want to be a journalist (记者), for I like writing and hope to tell real stories to people, which I think is a 3 job that can make a difference to the world. To realize this dream, I try my best to overcome growing pains. I need to 4 my writing skills. I keep writing every day, and never 5 , even when I can’t write well, and my Chinese teacher always encourages me. Besides, I take part in more school activities to become 6 , which is necessary for a journalist. Through these efforts, I have got great 7 : become more confident and learned that success doesn’t come easily. Last month, I 8 a city writing competition and won the second prize. That greatly encouraged me. I know there are still difficulties ahead, but I will keep working hard, believing every pain in growing up will turn into precious gains. And one day, I will 9 my career dream. Growing up is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person and 10 for our future. With efforts and courage, we can finally grow into the person we want to be. 1．A．hobby B．career C．home D．study 2．A．changed B．happened C．appeared D．arrived 3．A．boring B．busy C．great D．noisy 4．A．improve B．forget C．lose D．show 5．A．wake up B．stand up C．give up D．get up 6．A．shyer B．quieter C．more beautiful D．more confident 7．A．pains B．gains C．worries D．problems 8．A．looked for B．thanked for C．talked about D．took part in 9．A．agree B．spend C．realize D．promise 10．A．looking B．asking C．caring D．preparing 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者成长过程中梦想的变化，以及为实现记者梦付出努力、克服困难并收获成长的故事，传递了成长中的每一份付出都会转化为珍贵收获的道理。 【详解】1．句意：成长是一段既有痛苦也有收获的旅程，也是我们开始思考未来职业的时期。每个人都有自己理想的工作，要实现它需要付出努力。 根据后文“Everyone has their own dream job”可知，此处与未来的工作、职业规划相关，应选用career。 hobby侧重个人兴趣，而非与未来工作相关的职业规划。 2．句意：随着我长大，我的梦想发生了一点变化。现在我想成为一名记者，因为我喜欢写作，希望给人们讲述真实的故事，我认为这是一份能对世界产生影响的很棒的工作。 根据前文“小时候想当老师”和后文“现在想当记者”的对比可知，此处表示梦想发生了改变，应选用changed。happened侧重事情的发生，不体现前后的变化过程。 3．句意：随着我长大，我的梦想发生了一点变化。现在我想成为一名记者，因为我喜欢写作，希望给人们讲述真实的故事，我认为这是一份能对世界产生影响的很棒的工作。 根据后文“that can make a difference to the world”可知，作者对这份工作持积极认可的态度，应选用great。boring、busy、noisy均为负面或中性描述，与作者的正面评价不符。 4．句意：为了实现这个梦想，我尽力克服成长中的痛苦。我需要提升我的写作技能。 根据前文“为了实现当记者的梦想”可知，作者需要主动提升写作能力，应选用improve。forget、lose、show均不符合为实现梦想而努力的语境。 5．句意：我每天坚持写作，从不放弃，即使我写得不好，我的语文老师也总是鼓励我。 根据前文“keep writing every day”和后文“even when I can’t write well”可知，此处表示面对困难不放弃，应选用give up。wake up、stand up、get up均与坚持写作的语境无关。 6．句意：此外，我参加更多的学校活动来变得更自信，这对一名记者来说是必要的。 根据后文“become more confident and learned that success doesn't come easily”可知，参加学校活动能让作者变得更自信，应选用more confident。shyer、quieter、more beautiful均不符合记者所需的职业素养语境。 7．句意：通过这些努力，我收获了很大的成长：变得更自信，也明白了成功来之不易。 根据后文冒号后的积极内容和文章开头“Growing up is a journey with both pains and gains”可知，此处指努力带来的收获，应选用gains。pains、worries、problems均与冒号后的积极结果不符。 8．句意：上个月，我参加了一场市级写作比赛并获得了二等奖。 根据后文“won the second prize”可知，此处表示参与比赛并获奖，应选用took part in。looked for、thanked for、talked about均不符合语境。 9．句意：总有一天，我会实现我的职业梦想。 根据前文“为梦想付出努力”和后文“my career dream”可知，此处表示实现职业梦想，应选用realize。agree、spend、promise均不符合语境。 10．句意：成长不只是关于长大，也关于成为更好的人，并为我们的未来做准备。 根据前文“think about our future”和全文主旨可知，此处表示为未来做好规划与准备，应选用preparing。looking、asking、caring均不符合语境。 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获（25-26八年级下·河北邢台·期末） Growing up is not always easy. We face changes, challenges, and all kinds of emotions. It’s important to learn how to understand and manage our feelings. Last week, I argued with my best friend, Lily. We 1 each other angrily. We both said some 2 things to each other. After that, I felt very upset and 3 . I didn’t want to talk to anyone and I thought nobody understood me. My mum noticed something was wrong. She sat down with me and gave me a 4 . She said, “Sweetie, you need to 5 with Lily. Until you talk to her, she might not know how you feel.” My mom’s words made me think. I realized that 6 the problem wouldn’t help. Although I was still a bit upset, I made a 7 . I decided to write Lily a letter so that I could get my message across clearly. In the letter, I explained my feelings and 8 for my part in the argument (争吵). The next day, Lily came to my house. She also apologized. We talked for a long time and finally made up. We promised to choose our words more 9 in the future. From this experience, I learned that we should learn to 10 negative emotions in a proper way. Communication is the key to solving problems. Keeping feelings inside only makes things worse. 1．A．shouted at B．dealt with C．heard of D．suffered from 2．A．joyful B．hurtful C．thankful D．successful 3．A．proud B．lonely C．relaxed D．shocked 4．A．present B．message C．interview D．suggestion 5．A．live B．agree C．compare D．communicate 6．A．avoiding B．checking C．warning D．controlling 7．A．call B．wish C．decision D．mistake 8．A．proved B．thanked C．advised D．apologized 9．A．luckily B．clearly C．happily D．carefully 10．A．hide B．remain C．manage D．receive 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者与好友争吵后难过，经妈妈建议写信沟通道歉，最终和好，学会了正确处理情绪和沟通的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：我们怒气冲冲地互相大喊大叫。 两人发生争吵，互相怒吼，shouted at“冲……大喊”符合吵架的场景。dealt with“处理”、heard of“听说”、suffered from“遭受”均不符合吵架场景。 2．句意：我们都对彼此说了伤人的话。 争吵时说出伤害对方的话语，hurtful“伤人的”符合吵架的场景。joyful“开心的”、thankful“感恩的”、successful“成功的”均不符合语境。 3．句意：在那之后，我十分难过又孤单。 和最好的朋友闹翻，不想和任何人说话，内心孤单，lonely“孤单的”符合吵架之后的心情，与“upset”情绪并列。proud“骄傲的”、relaxed“放松的”、shocked“震惊的”均不符合心情。 4．句意：她坐到我身边，给了我一个建议。 后文“you need to…with Lily”属于妈妈开导我、教我解决矛盾的建议，suggestion“建议”符合语境。present“礼物”、message“信息”、interview“采访”均不符合语境。 5．句意：宝贝，你需要和莉莉沟通。 后文提到“talk to her”，可知是要进行交流沟通，communicate“沟通，交流”符合语境。live“居住”、agree“同意”、compare“比较”均不符合句意。 6．句意：我意识到逃避问题无济于事。 一味回避争吵解决不了问题，avoiding“逃避”符合语境。checking“检查”、warning“警告”、controlling“控制”均不符合语境。 7．句意：虽然我还是有点难过，但我做了一个决定。 后文提到“I decided to write Lily a letter”，此处是做出决定，make a decision是固定搭配，意为“做决定”，应选用decision 决定”。call“电话”、wish“愿望”、mistake“错误”均不匹配搭配。 8．句意：信里我诉说了自己的感受，并为争吵中我的过错道歉。 后文“She also apologized.”，对应此处apologized“道歉”。proved“证明”、thanked“感谢”、advised“建议”均不符合语境。 9．句意：我们承诺以后说话更加谨慎。 经历争吵，约定今后谨慎措辞，carefully“小心地，谨慎地”符合语境。luckily“幸运地”、clearly“清晰地”、happily“开心地”均不符合句意。 10．句意：这次经历让我懂得，我们要学会用恰当的方式处理负面情绪。 前文“It’s important to learn how to understand and manage our feelings.”点明要学会管控情绪，manage“处理，管控”属于原词复现。hide“隐藏”、remain“保持”、receive“接收”均不符合主旨。 话题三：团队合作 Once there was a group of forest animals who wanted to join the annual football game. Rabbit, Deer, Squirrel, Badger and Fox decided to form a team. At first, each of them thought they were the best. Rabbit said he could run the fastest, so he should take all the shots. Deer thought he was tall, so he should 1 all the passes. Squirrel wanted to control the ball all the time, and Badger got angry easily when others made mistakes. Fox just stood aside, not willing to 2 in any practice. Their first practice was a mess. They didn’t pass the ball to each other, and they lost every mini game against a small team of mice. An old Owl watched them from a tree and said, “A great team doesn’t need the best players, but players who 3 each other and work as one.” The animals felt ashamed. They decided to change. Next practice, Rabbit 4 to pass the ball to Deer when Deer was in a better position near the goal. Squirrel stopped keeping the ball to himself and shared it with others quickly. Badger learned to stay calm and 5 his teammates instead of shouting at them when they made errors. Fox started to take part in every practice, using his cleverness to 6 good plans for the team. When the game came, they worked together perfectly. Rabbit ran fast to create chances, Deer caught the high passes and scored two goals, Squirrel moved quickly to pass the ball to the right person, Badger protected their goal 7 , and Fox told them when to attack and when to defend. They scored four goals and won the game against a strong team of wolves! After the game, they sat together under the tree. Rabbit said, “I used to think speed was everything, but now I know passing is more important.” Deer nodded, “I learned that listening to others helps us win.” The old Owl smiled and said, “You see? The 8 of a great team is cooperation. No one can win alone.” From then on, the animals became the best team in the forest. They always remembered that to build a great team, everyone must 9 their own ego and work for the team’s success. And every year, they won the football game, not because they were the strongest, but because they were the most 10 . 1．A．catch B．miss C．reject D．drop 2．A．take part B．give up C．stand out D．show off 3．A．compete with B．care about C．look down on D．argue with 4．A．refused B．tried C．continued D．failed 5．A．shout at B．cheer for C．complain about D．worry about 6．A．create B．follow C．break D．change 7．A．carelessly B．happily C．carefully D．angrily 8．A．secret B．problem C．result D．reason 9．A．put up B．put away C．put on D．put off 10．A．talented B．hard-working C．united D．famous 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述森林动物组建足球队，起初因自私屡败，后听从猫头鹰建议学会合作，最终赢得比赛，强调了团队合作的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：鹿觉得他高，所以应该接住所有传球。 根据前文“Deer thought he was tall”可知，鹿认为自己个子高，适合接球，应用catch。miss“错过”、reject“拒绝”、drop“丢下”均不符。 2．句意：狐狸站在一旁，不愿参加任何练习。 前文描述其他动物都想表现自己，狐狸“stood aside”且后文说后来他开始参加训练，说明起初不愿意“参加”。take part in“参加”符合语境。give up“放弃”、stand out“突出”、show off“炫耀”均不符。 3．句意：伟大的团队不需要最好的球员，而是需要互相关心且齐心协力的球员。 根据“work as one”（齐心协力），可知队员间需要互相关爱。care about each other“互相关心”符合语境。compete with“与……竞争”、look down on“轻视”、argue with“与……争吵”均不符。 4．句意：下一次训练中，兔子尝试在鹿处于更好位置时把球传给他。 根据前文“They decided to change”可知，兔子开始改变，尝试传球，应用tried。refused“拒绝”与改变矛盾，continued“继续”、failed“失败”均不符。 5．句意：獾学会了保持冷静，在队友犯错时为他们加油而不是对他们大喊。 根据“instead of shouting at them”可知，此处应选与shout at相反的行为，应用cheer for“为……加油”。shout at“对……大喊”、complain about“抱怨”、worry about“担心”均不符。 6．句意：狐狸用他的聪明为团队制定好计划。 根据“using his cleverness”及“good plans”可知，狐狸用智慧创造计划，应用create。follow“跟随”、break“打破”、change“改变”均不符。 7．句意：獾仔细地守护他们的球门。 根据前文“Badger protected their goal”可知，守门需要认真，应用carefully。carelessly“粗心地”与protect矛盾，happily“高兴地”、angrily“生气地”不修饰防守动作。 8．句意：你们看到了吗？伟大团队的秘诀是合作。 根据猫头鹰总结全文的语气及后文“No one can win alone”可知，此处揭示核心道理，应用secret“秘诀”。problem“问题”、result“结果”、reason“原因”均不如secret贴切。 9．句意：要建立伟大的团队，每个人必须收起自己的自我意识，为团队成功努力。 根据句意，要放下个人自我，应用put away“收起、放下”。put up“张贴”、put on“穿上”、put off“推迟”均不符。 10．句意：他们每年都赢得比赛，不是因为他们最强，而是因为他们最团结。 根据全文主题“cooperation”及“not because they were the strongest, but because... ”可知，此处强调团结，应用united。talented“有才华的”、hard-working“努力的”、famous“著名的”均偏离主题。 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 14-year-old Wang Mei has a love for ancient trees. She believes each one has a special 1 to nature and humans. Last week, Wang read a piece of news about a 300-year-old tree. She learned that the tree had a 2 . The news made her sad, 3 Wang decided to become a ”tree doctor“ to protect these treasures (珍宝).   To 4 this goal, Wang made a plan. First, she took up photography to document (记录) ancient trees. She also searched for online classes and learned about 5 tree problems, like getting sick and getting hurt from insects. Wang studied hard to learn the causes of those problems and their best 6 . Wang often reminded herself not to 7 any details, because every small detail was important. Next, Wang learned from a(n) 8 tree doctor, Mr Li. He taught her 9 to treat sick trees. One day, they found an ancient tree in poor 10 . Its leaves turned yellow, and many fell off 11 . There were also dead branches (枯枝). ”This isn’t normal for this time of year, “Mr Li said. Together, they provided treatment for the tree. Li added that treating a tree was like 12 a person - people should understand how 13 “felt”. Wang kept the words in mind. Now Wang hopes to 14 ancient trees by herself. “I may face lots of problems and 15 sometimes, but I won’t stop,” she says. “I hope these ancient trees can tell stories for years.” 1．A．secret B．answer C．history D．meaning 2．A．hole B．disease C．sign D．seed 3．A．so B．but C．or D．because 4．A．win B．set C．achieve D．explore 5．A．popular B．magical C．modern D．common 6．A．solutions B．goals C．tools D．roles 7．A．miss B．cover C．waste D．expect 8．A．simple B．excellent C．rich D．strange 9．A．how B．what C．when D．where 10．A．results B．spirits C．light D．health 11．A．alone B．slowly C．early D．successfully 12．A．thinking of B．looking forward to C．looking for D．taking care of 13．A．they B．it C．we D．you 14．A．plant B．draw C．find D．save 15．A．stop B．fail C．change D．leave 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了14岁的王梅因热爱古树，立志成为“树医生”并为此努力学习、实践的故事。 1．句意：她认为每一棵古树对自然和人类都有特殊的意义。 结合语境，古树对自然和人类有特殊的意义，meaning符合语境，secret“秘密”、answer“答案”、history“历史”均不符。 2．句意：她了解到这棵树生病了。 后文提到王梅因此难过并决定保护古树，说明树的状态不好，disease符合语境，hole“洞”、sign“标志”、seed“种子”均不符。 3．句意：这个消息让她很难过，所以王梅决定成为一名“树医生”来保护这些珍宝。 前后句是因果关系，so符合语境，but表转折、or表选择、because表原因，均不符。 4．句意：为了实现这个目标，王梅制定了一个计划。 固定搭配achieve this goal表示“实现这个目标”，achieve符合语境，win“赢得”、set“设定”、explore“探索”均不符。 5．句意：她还上网课，了解常见的树木问题，比如生病和被昆虫伤害。 后文列举了树木会遇到的生病、虫害等普遍问题，common符合语境，popular“流行的”、magical“神奇的”、modern“现代的”均不符。 6．句意：王梅努力钻研，去弄清这些问题的成因以及对应的最佳解决办法 学习树木问题的成因，目的是找到解决办法，solutions符合语境，goals“目标”、tools“工具”、roles“角色”均不符。 7．句意：王梅经常提醒自己不要错过任何细节，因为每一个小细节都很重要。 后文“because every small detail was important”提到细节很重要，因此不能错过，miss符合语境，cover“覆盖”、waste“浪费”、expect“期待”均不符。 8．句意：接下来，王梅向一位优秀的树医生李先生学习。 能教她治疗树木的医生，应该是优秀的，excellent符合语境，simple“简单的”、rich“富有的”、strange“奇怪的”均不符。 9．句意：他教她如何治疗生病的树木。 此处表示学习治疗病树的方法，how“如何”符合语境，what“什么”、when“何时”、where“哪里”均不符。 10．句意：一天，他们发现一棵古树健康状况不佳。 根据后文树叶变黄、树枝枯死，结合语境，古树的健康状况不好，health符合语境，results“结果”、spirits“精神”、light“光线”均不符。 1．句意：它的叶子变黄了，许多叶子提前脱落了。 树木的异常状态，叶子在不该掉落的季节提前掉落，early“过早地”符合语境，alone“独自”、slowly“缓慢地”、successfully“成功地”均不符。 12．句意：李先生补充说，治疗一棵树就像照顾一个人——人们应该了解它的感受。 治疗树木和照顾人一样，都需要用心照料，taking care of“照顾”符合语境，thinking of“想到”、looking forward to“期待”、looking for“寻找”均不符。 13．句意：李先生补充说，治疗一棵树就像照顾一个人——人们应该了解它的感受。 此处指代树木，用it，it符合语境，they“它们”、we“我们”、you“你/你们”均不符。 14．句意：现在王梅希望能自己拯救古树。 结合语境，她的目标是保护古树，save“拯救”符合语境，plant“种植”、draw“画”、find“找到”均不符。 15．句意：她说：“我可能会遇到很多问题，有时也会失败，但我不会停止。” 后文提到她不会放弃，说明她可能会经历失败，fail“失败”符合语境，stop“停止”、change“改变”、leave“离开”均不符。 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 David was a young nature lover. He enjoyed exploring the forest near his home. One sunny morning, he decided to 1 deeper into the forest than ever before. He packed some food and water, and told his mother he would be back 2 sunset (日落). 3 he walked on the small road, David saw many interesting things: colorful birds, strange insects, and beautiful flowers. They were all worth (值得) a closer look. He was so interested in watching a family of rabbits that he didn’t realize how far he had gone. When he finally looked up, he found himself in a(n) 4 part of the forest. “I’m lost,” he thought, feeling a little 5 . The trees all looked the same, and he couldn’t remember which way he came here. He tried to stay 6 and think what to do. Just then, he heard a soft sound behind some bushes. He moved 7 closer and saw a small deer with its leg stuck between two rocks. The deer looked at him with 8 eyes. “Don’t worry,” David said 9 . “I’ll help you.” He carefully moved the rocks and 10 the deer’s leg. The deer stood up slowly and looked at David for a moment before 11 away into the forest. David was still lost, but he felt good about helping the animal. Suddenly, he heard the deer making sounds not far away. It kept looking back at him as if 12 him to follow. David decided to trust the deer. He followed it for about ten minutes until they reached a 13 road. He recognized this road! It led back to his neighborhood. How 14 David felt! He not only helped the deer but also helped himself. This experience taught him that 15 to animals is always worth it. When David got home, he told his family this wonderful story about his adventure in the forest. 1．A．go B．run C．look D．climb 2．A．after B．until C．since D．by 3．A．Before B．Though C．As D．If 4．A．unusual B．important C．wonderful D．unknown 5．A．happy B．proud C．afraid D．excited 6．A．calm B．warm C．awake D．silent 7．A．suddenly B．hurriedly C．quietly D．strongly 8．A．angry B．tired C．bright D．scared 9．A．loudly B．softly C．quickly D．seriously 10．A．treated B．covered C．freed D．touched 11．A．walking B．playing C．singing D．dancing 12．A．hating B．wanting C．teaching D．allowing 13．A．soft B．narrow C．hard D．free 14．A．strange B．lucky C．nervous D．bored 15．A．kindness B．sadness C．hope D．worry 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．B 4．B 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了热爱自然的男孩大卫在森林探险时迷路，偶遇并帮助了一只被困小鹿，小鹿随后为他引路，最终大卫安全回家的故事，传递了善意终有回报的主题。 1．句意：在一个晴朗的早晨，他决定比以往任何时候都往森林更深处去。 后文提到deeper into the forest，搭配go deeper译为“往深处走”。 2．句意：他收拾了一些食物和水，并告诉妈妈他会在日落之前回来 by sunset是固定搭配译为“在日落之前；不迟于日落”，符合告知母亲归期的语境。 3．句意：当他走在小路上时，大卫看到了许多有趣的东西。 此处需要As引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。 4．句意：当他终于抬头看时，发现自己到了森林的一个未知区域。 由后文“I’m lost”可知，这个区域对他来说是陌生的、不熟悉的。 5．句意：“我迷路了，” 他想，感觉有一点害怕。 前文提到“I’m lost”，迷路时人的情绪通常是紧张、害怕的。 6．句意：他努力保持冷静，思考该做什么。 后文提到“think what to do”，需要先冷浸然后思考解决办法，stay calm是固定搭配译为“保持冷静”。 7．句意：他悄悄靠近，看到一只小鹿的腿卡在两块岩石之间。 根据前文“Just then, he heard a soft sound behind some bushes.”，为了不惊吓到动物，需要轻声、安静地靠近，填quietly。 8．句意：这只小鹿用惊恐的眼睛看着他。 前文提到“a small deer with its leg stuck between two rocks”，小鹿处于困境中，眼神应是害怕、惊恐的。 9．句意：“别担心，” 大卫温柔地说。“我会帮你的。” 根据前后文“Don’t worry,”“I’ll help you.”可知大卫准备帮助小鹿，语气应该是轻柔、温和的。 10．句意：他小心地搬动岩石，解救了小鹿的腿。 根据前文““a small deer with its leg stuck between two rocks”，和后文“The deer stood up slowly”大卫的动作是帮助它脱离困境。 11．句意：小鹿慢慢站起来，看了大卫一会儿，然后走进了森林。 小鹿腿被解救后，恢复了行动能力，此处walking away译为“走开”。 12．句意：它一直回头看他，好像在想要他跟着走。 根据前文“ It kept looking back at him”，小鹿一直回头看，as if wanting him to follow译为“好像想要他跟着”，符合小鹿帮助大卫的行为逻辑。 13．句意：他跟着它走了大约十分钟，直到他们到达了一条狭窄的路。 narrow road译为“狭窄的小路”，符合森林中小径的常见特征。 14．句意：大卫感到多么幸运啊！ 结合全文大卫不仅帮了动物，还靠动物找到了回家的路，这种经历是非常幸运的，填lucky。 15．句意：这次经历教会了他，对动物的善意总是值得的。 结合全文，大卫对小鹿伸出援手，这是一种善意。kindness译为“善意、仁慈”符合全文主旨。 话题一：职业（25-26八年级下·天津滨海新区·期中） Growing up is a journey with both pains and gains. It’s time for us to think about our future 1 . Everyone has their own dream job, and it takes hard work to make it come true. When I was a little child, I wanted to be a teacher. I liked my primary school teacher very much. She was kind and patient, and she taught me many things. As I grew older, my dream 2 a little. Now I want to be a journalist (记者). I like writing and I want to tell real stories to people. I think it’s a 3 job. To make my dream come true, I have to face and overcome many difficulties. First, I need to 4 my writing skills. I keep a diary every day and practice writing. Sometimes I can’t write well and feel upset, but I never 5 . My Chinese teacher always encourages me and gives me useful advice. Second, I need to be more outgoing. As a journalist, I have to talk with different people, so I take part in more school activities to make myself 6 . Through these things, I have got a lot of 7 . I become more independent and confident. I also learn that success doesn’t come easily. It needs hard work and persistence (坚持). Last month, I 8 a writing competition in our city and won the second prize. It made me very encouraged. I know there are still many difficulties ahead, but I will keep working hard. I believe that every pain in growing up will become a valuable gain. And one day, I will 9 my career dream. Growing up is not just about getting older, but also about becoming a better person and 10 for our future. 1．A．career B．life C．hobby D．study 2．A．changed B．happened C．appeared D．arrived 3．A．meaningless B．boring C．meaningful D．tiring 4．A．improve B．forget C．lose D．show 5．A．give up B．get up C．stand up D．wake up 6．A．shyer B．more outgoing C．quieter D．more careful 7．A．pains B．gains C．problems D．worries 8．A．took part in B．intend C．attended D．became 9．A．realize B．forget C．miss D．break 10．A．preparing B．caring C．looking D．asking 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的成长与职业梦想，以及为了实现成为记者的梦想所付出的努力，传递了成长中付出与收获并存的主题。 【详解】1．句意：是时候为我们未来的职业做打算了。 根据后文“Everyone has their own dream job（每个人都有自己的理想工作）”，可知此处指和未来工作相关的“职业”，career意为“职业”，符合语境。life生活；hobby爱好；study学习，均不符。 2．句意：随着我长大，我的梦想改变了一点。 根据后文“Now I want to be a journalist（现在我想当记者）”，可知梦想发生了改变，changed意为“改变”，符合语境。happened发生；appeared出现；arrived到达，均不符。 3．句意：我认为这是一份有意义的工作。 根据前文“I like writing and I want to tell real stories to people（我喜欢写作，想给人们讲述真实的故事）”，可知作者认为这份工作有意义，meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。meaningless无意义的；boring无聊的；tiring累人的，均不符。 4．句意：首先，我需要提升我的写作技能。 根据后文“I keep a diary every day and practice writing（我每天写日记、练习写作）”，可知作者是为了提升写作技能，improve意为“提升、改善”，符合语境。forget忘记；lose失去；show展示，均不符。 5．句意：有时我写不好，感到沮丧，但我从不放弃。 根据后文“My Chinese teacher always encourages me（语文老师总是鼓励我）”，可知作者没有放弃，give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。get up起床；stand up站起来；wake up醒来，均不符。 6．句意：作为一名记者，我必须和不同的人交谈，所以我参加更多学校活动让自己变得更外向。 根据前文“I need to be more outgoing（我需要更外向）”，可知参加活动是为了变得更外向，more outgoing意为“更外向的”，符合语境。shyer更害羞的；quieter更安静的；more careful更细心的，均不符。 7．句意：通过这些事情，我收获了很多。 根据后文“I become more independent and confident（我变得更独立自信）”，可知这些是成长中的收获，gains意为“收获”，符合语境。pains痛苦；problems问题；worries担忧，均不符。 8．句意：上个月，我参加了市里的写作比赛并获得了二等奖。 根据后文“won the second prize（获得二等奖）”，可知是参加了比赛，took part in意为“参加（活动/比赛）”，符合语境。intend打算；attended出席（会议/课程）；became成为，均不符。 9．句意：总有一天，我会实现我的职业梦想。 结合上文“…but I will keep working hard. I believe that every pain in growing up will become a valuable gain.”可知，此处指通过努力实现自己的梦想，realize one’s dream意为“实现某人的梦想”，可知此处填realize“实现”，符合语境。forget忘记；miss错过；break打破，均不符。 10．句意：成长不只是变老，也关于成为更好的人，为我们的未来做准备。 结合“for our future”和上文“I will keep working hard”可知，此处指通过努力为自己的未来做准备，prepare for意为“为……做准备”，可知此处填preparing“准备”，符合语境。caring关心；looking看；asking询问，均不符。 话题二：成长的痛苦与收获（25-26八年级下·安徽芜湖·期中） Last week, our science group had an important experiment (实验) for the final exam. Our 1 was to finish it well and get a good grade. Because of the great pressure from the exam, I was too nervous to 2 my hands. When we started, I made a big mistake by adding the wrong chemical (化学制品) carelessly. Everyone was shocked. I felt upset and 3 at once. Though my group members said nothing 4 , I knew clearly it was all my fault. I stayed 5 in the corner, full of anger at my own carelessness. I didn’t know how to 6 the terrible situation. I was afraid they would never forgive me for making us fail. Later, our group leader came to me and gave me some good 7 patiently. He told me not to have 8 thoughts and to behave bravely. I decided to apologize to the whole group. To my surprise, they 9 me easily. They said we were a team and would try again together. Together, we did the experiment carefully again and finally succeeded. I’m truly 10 for them. Though I made a mistake, they didn't give up on me. Now I’m proud of our team. I learned to face mistakes bravely. 1．A．purpose B．pleasure C．joke D．reason 2．A．wash B．clean C．control D．remind 3．A．excited B．hungry C．positive D．sorry 4．A．interesting B．hurtful C．beautiful D．helpful 5．A．alone B．loudly C．carefully D．slowly 6．A．deal with B．wait for C．come over D．look after 7．A．information B．progress C．advice D．trouble 8．A．popular B．negative C．important D．public 9．A．forgave B．protected C．researched D．left 10．A．afraid B．comfortable C．surprised D．thankful 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者在科学实验考试中因紧张犯错，感到内疚，但在组长建议和组员包容下，勇敢面对并最终成功的故事。 【详解】1．句意：我们的目标是顺利完成实验并取得好成绩。 后文“to finish it well and get a good grade”说明这是团队要达成的目标，purpose“目标”符合语境，pleasure“快乐”、joke“玩笑”、reason“理由”均不合理。 2．句意：因为考试的巨大压力，我紧张得无法控制自己的双手。 “too nervous to control my hands”意为“紧张得无法控制双手”，control“控制”符合语境，wash“洗”、clean“清洁”、remind“提醒”均不符合。 3．句意：我立刻感到沮丧和愧疚。 前文提到“I made a big mistake”，后文“I knew clearly it was all my fault”说明作者因自己的错误而感到愧疚，sorry“愧疚的/难过的”符合语境，excited“兴奋的”、hungry“饥饿的”、positive“积极的”均不符合。 4．句意：虽然我的组员们没有说什么伤人的话。 作者犯了错，担心组员责怪，但组员没有说话伤害他，hurtful“伤人的”符合语境，interesting“有趣的”、beautiful“美丽的”、helpful“有帮助的”均不合理。 5．句意：我独自待在角落里，对自己的粗心大意充满了愤怒。 前文“I stayed”和“in the corner”以及后文“full of anger at my own carelessness”说明作者因自责而独自待在角落，alone“独自的”符合语境，loudly“大声地”、carefully“仔细地”、slowly“缓慢地”均为副词且不符合句意。 6．句意：我不知道如何应对这个糟糕的局面。 作者因犯错不知道如何处理困境，deal with“应对/处理”符合语境，wait for“等待”、come over“过来”、look after“照顾”均不合理。 7．句意：后来，组长来到我身边，耐心地给了我一些好建议。 后文组长告诉作者“not to have negative thoughts and to behave bravely”，这是给的建议，advice“建议”符合语境，information“信息”、progress“进步”、trouble“麻烦”均不符合。 8．句意：他告诉我不要有消极的想法，要勇敢地行动。 作者因自责而沮丧，组长劝他不要有消极想法，negative“消极的”符合语境，popular“流行的”、important“重要的”、public“公共的”均不合理。 9．句意：令我惊讶的是，他们轻易地原谅了我。 作者道歉后组员表示“we were a team and would try again together”，说明他们原谅了作者，forgave“原谅”符合语境，protected“保护”、researched“研究”、left“离开”均不合理。 10．句意：我真的很感激他们。 作者犯错后组员没有放弃他，因此他心存感激，thankful“感激的”符合语境，afraid“害怕的”、comfortable“舒适的”、surprised“惊讶的”均不符合。 话题三：团队合作（25-26八年级下·河南周口·期中） Communication is very important in our daily life. Good communication helps us get on well with parents, teachers and friends. However, many eighth graders don’t know how to communicate 1 . They often have arguments with people around them. My friend Jack is a typical example. He is smart and studies well, but he has 2 friends. He always speaks too directly and never cares about others’ feelings. Last week, his classmate Lily made a small mistake in a group project. Jack laughed at her and said she was 3 . Lily felt sad and didn’t talk to him anymore. Later, Jack realized his mistake, but he didn’t know how to say 4 to her. In fact, good communication needs some useful 5 . First, we should learn to listen. When others are talking, don’t 6 them casually. Look at them quietly and understand their real thoughts. Listening is the first step of good communication. Second, choose proper words. Different situations need different ways of 7 . We should be polite and gentle, even when we have different 8 . Don’t use rude or hurtful words. Third, learn to put yourself in others’ 9 . Try to think about things from other people’s sides. If you are others, how will you feel? This can help us avoid misunderstandings. Fourth, keep calm when disagreements 10 . It’s normal to have different ideas. Shouting or arguing can 11 solve problems. It will only make things worse. At home, many students often quarrel with their parents because of study and hobbies. They refuse to 12 their real feelings. If we can talk with parents patiently and explain our ideas, parents will understand us 13 . At school, friendly communication can help us build close friendship and create a 14 study environment. Communication is a lifelong lesson. As teenagers, we should keep practicing and improving our communication skills. Only in this way can we live a happier and 15 life. 1．A．clearly B．politely C．widely D．correctly 2．A．few B．many C．some D．enough 3．A．smart B．careless C．shy D．outgoing 4．A．goodbye B．hello C．sorry D．thanks 5．A．skills B．secrets C．games D．stories 6．A．watch B．interrupt C．help D．trust 7．A．speaking B．writing C．reading D．exercising 8．A．hobbies B．dreams C．opinions D．habits 9．A．hands B．shoes C．rooms D．seats 10．A．appear B．leave C．stop D．fail 11．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never 12．A．hide B．share C．forget D．miss 13．A．better B．worse C．less D．harder 14．A．noisy B．terrible C．pleasant D．boring 15．A．busier B．healthier C．poorer D．colder 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文讲述沟通在日常生活中十分重要，很多八年级学生不懂如何正确沟通，作者以朋友杰克为例，介绍了良好沟通的实用方法以及学会沟通对家庭、校园生活带来积极影响的故事。 1．句意：然而，许多八年级学生不知道如何正确地沟通。 前文点明良好沟通能和身边人友好相处，转折后说明很多学生不懂正确沟通，应用correctly表示“正确地”，clearly“清晰地”、widely“广泛地”、politely“礼貌地”均不符合文意。 2．句意：他很聪明，学习也好，但是几乎没有朋友。 后文提到他说话太直接，从不顾及别人感受，由此推断他几乎没有朋友。few“几乎没有”符合语境；many“许多”、some“一些”、enough“足够的”均与上下文矛盾。 3．句意：杰克嘲笑她，还说她很粗心。 前文提到Lily在小组项目中犯了个小错误，Jack嘲笑她，说明他说的是她“粗心”。careless“粗心的”符合语境；smart“聪明的”、shy“害羞的”、outgoing“外向的”均不符合语境。 4．句意：后来杰克意识到自己的错误，却不知道该怎样向她道歉。 前文提到Jack嘲笑了Lily，Lily不再理他，说明Jack意识到错误后想道歉。sorry“对不起”符合语境；goodbye“再见”、hello“你好”、thanks“谢谢”均不符合逻辑。 5．句意：事实上，良好的沟通需要一些有用的技巧。 后文提到了“学会倾听、选择合适的语言、换位思考、保持冷静”等沟通方法，这些都是沟通的“技巧”。skills“技巧”符合语境；secrets“秘密”、games“游戏”、stories“故事”均不符合上下文。 6．句意：当别人在说话时，不要随意打断他们。 后文提到要安静地看着他们，理解他们的真实想法，说明这里是指不要随意打断别人说话。interrupt“打断”符合语境；watch“观看”、help“帮助”、trust“信任”均不符合语境。 7．句意：不同的场合需要不同的说话方式。 前文提到“选择合适的语言”，后文又说即使有不同观点也要礼貌温和，说明这里是指不同的情况需要不同的“说话”方式。speaking“说话”符合语境；writing“写作”、reading“阅读”、exercising“锻炼”均与沟通无关。 8．句意：即使我们持有不同的观点，也要保持礼貌温和。 前文提到“不同的情况需要不同的说话方式”，后文说不要使用粗鲁或伤人的话，说明这里是指即使有不同的“观点”也要保持礼貌。opinions“观点”符合语境；hobbies“爱好”、dreams“梦想”、habits“习惯”均不符合上下文。 9．句意：学会换位思考，站在别人的角度考虑问题。 “put yourself in others’ shoes”是固定搭配，意为“设身处地为他人着想”。shoes“鞋子”符合固定搭配；hands“手”、rooms“房间”、seats“座位”均不符合该搭配。 10．句意：当分歧出现的时候要保持冷静。 后文提到有不同的想法是正常的，大喊大叫或争吵只会让事情更糟，说明这里是指分歧“出现”时要保持冷静。appear“出现”符合语境；leave“离开”、stop“停止”、fail“失败”均不符合逻辑。 11．句意：大喊大叫和争吵永远不能解决问题。 后文提到“这只会让事情更糟”，说明大喊大叫或争吵从来不能解决问题。never“从不”符合语境；always“总是”、often“经常”、sometimes“有时”均与后文矛盾。 12．句意：他们不愿把自己真实的感受分享出来。 前文提到很多学生经常和父母争吵，后文说如果能耐心和父母沟通、解释想法，父母会理解他们，说明这里是指学生拒绝“分享”自己的真实感受。share“分享”符合语境；hide“隐藏”、forget“忘记”、miss“错过”均与后文逻辑不符。 13．句意：如果我们耐心和父母沟通、解释想法，父母就会更好地理解我们。 前文提到学生和父母沟通少、经常争吵，这里说如果耐心沟通，父母会“更好地”理解我们。better“更好地”符合语境；worse“更糟地”、less“更少地”、harder“更难地”均与逻辑不符。 14．句意：友好的沟通可以帮我们建立亲密友谊，营造令人愉悦的学习环境。 前文提到友好沟通的好处，这里应是创造一个“愉快的”学习环境。pleasant“愉快的”符合语境；noisy“吵闹的”、terrible“糟糕的”、boring“无聊的”均与“友好沟通”的积极影响矛盾。 15．句意：只有这样我们才能过上更幸福、更健康的生活。 前文提到沟通是一生的课程，我们应该不断练习和提高沟通技巧，这里应是与“更快乐”并列的积极词汇。healthier“更健康的”符合语境；busier“更忙碌的”、poorer“更贫穷的”、colder“更冷的”均为消极词汇，不符合语境。 话题四：志愿服务/社会责任 Rebecca, a British wildlife photographer, was filming a documentary (纪录片) for the BBC in the Pacific Ocean when she made a sad discovery: countless (数不清的) seabirds lay 1 on the beach. The birds had died because they 2 plastic waste for food. The beaches of the Pacific islands were 3 with plastic—broken toys, empty bottles, and plastic bags. It seemed like plastic waste had 4 the natural beauty of these areas.   Deeply troubled, Rebecca returned to her hometown, Modbury, and made up her 5 to do something. She visited local shops, 6 asking owners to stop using plastic bags. At the time, the UK 7 over 16 billion plastic bags yearly. These bags, which can produce dangerous 8 , could take centuries to decompose (分解), harming wildlife and polluting oceans.   To her 9 , all 38 shops agreed because of her politeness and kind heart. In 2007, Modbury became Britain’s first plastic bag-free town. Stores 10 reusable cloth bags or paper bags instead. Soon, neighboring towns followed Modbury’s example, 11 a wave of change across the country.   By 2015, the UK government passed a 12 . Shops must charge (收费) 5 pence for each 13 bag. 14 the cost was low, it cut plastic bag use by 90% around the country. Rebecca’s story 15 that small steps, like saying “no” to plastic bags, can protect the Earth for future generations (后代). By choosing to reduce plastic use, we not only protect our environment but also encourage others to follow, creating a healthier planet for all. 1．A．excited B．dead C．sad D．happy 2．A．mistook B．wanted C．explained D．looked 3．A．tired B．popular C．filled D．full 4．A．thrown away B．shared with C．found out D．taken the place of 5．A．hand B．mind C．heart D．idea 6．A．angrily B．quickly C．politely D．happily 7．A．jumped B．used C．turned D．carried 8．A．differences B．chemicals C．industries D．actions 9．A．sadness B．disappointment C．surprise D．kindness 10．A．offered B．lent C．borrowed D．returned 11．A．discovering B．creating C．inventing D．designing 12．A．ball B．suggestion C．law D．passport 13．A．paper B．plastic C．cloth D．silk 14．A．But B．Unless C．Since D．Although 15．A．gives B．accepts C．makes D．proves 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国野生动物摄影师丽贝卡在太平洋拍摄纪录片时发现大量海鸟死亡，原因是误食塑料垃圾。她深受触动，回到家乡莫德伯里发起禁用塑料袋的行动，最终成功推动全镇乃至全国减少塑料袋使用，并通过政府立法进一步保护环境的故事。 【详解】1．句意：丽贝卡，一位英国野生动物摄影师，正在太平洋为英国广播公司拍摄一部纪录片，这时她有了一个悲伤的发现：无数海鸟死在海滩上。 excited兴奋的；dead死的；sad伤心的；happy开心的。根据下文“The birds had died”可知，海鸟死了。故选B。 2．句意：这些鸟之所以死亡，是因为它们把塑料垃圾当成了食物。 mistook误认为；wanted想要；explained解释；looked看。根据“The birds had died because they...plastic waste for food.”可知，海鸟把塑料垃圾误认为食物，所以死了。mistake...for...“误认为……是……”，固定短语。故选A。 3．句意：太平洋岛屿的海滩上到处都是塑料——破碎的玩具、空瓶子和塑料袋。 tired疲惫的；popular受欢迎的；filled充满的；full满的。根据“with plastic—broken toys, empty bottles, and plastic bags”可知，此处指海滩上充满了塑料垃圾，be filled with“充满”，固定短语。故选C。 4．句意：塑料垃圾似乎已经取代了这些地区的自然美景。 thrown away扔掉；shared with分享；found out查明；taken the place of代替。根据“plastic waste had...the natural beauty of these areas”可知，塑料垃圾似乎已经取代了这些地区的自然美景。故选D。 5．句意：丽贝卡深感不安，回到家乡莫德伯里，下定决心要做点什么。 hand手；mind思想；heart心；idea想法。根据“to do something”可知，此处指下定决心做点什么，make up one’s mind to do sth.“下定决心做某事”，固定短语。故选B。 6．句意：她拜访了当地的商店，礼貌地要求店主停止使用塑料袋。 angrily生气地；quickly快速地；politely礼貌地；happily开心地。根据“because of her politeness and kind heart”可知，丽贝卡是礼貌地要求店主停止使用塑料袋。故选C。 7．句意：当时，英国每年使用超过160亿个塑料袋。 jumped跳；used使用；turned转向；carried携带。根据“over 16 billion plastic bags yearly”可知，此处指英国每年使用超过160亿个塑料袋。故选B。 8．句意：这些袋子会产生危险的化学物质，可能需要几个世纪才能分解，危害野生动物，污染海洋。 differences不同；chemicals化学物质；industries工业；actions行动。根据“These bags, which can produce dangerous...”可知，此处指塑料袋会产生危险的化学物质。故选B。 9．句意：令她惊讶的是，由于她的礼貌和善良，所有38家商店都同意了。 sadness伤心；disappointment失望；surprise惊讶；kindness善良。根据“all 38 shops agreed because of her politeness and kind heart”可知，所有商店都同意了，这让丽贝卡感到惊讶，to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语。故选C。 10．句意：商店提供可重复使用的布袋或纸袋。 offered提供；lent借出；borrowed借入；returned归还。根据“reusable cloth bags or paper bags instead”可知，此处指商店提供可重复使用的布袋或纸袋。故选A。 11．句意：很快，邻近的城镇纷纷效仿莫德伯里的做法，在全国掀起了一股变革浪潮。 discovering发现；creating创造；inventing发明；designing设计。根据“a wave of change across the country”可知，此处指邻近的城镇纷纷效仿莫德伯里的做法，在全国掀起了一股变革浪潮。故选B。 12．句意：到2015年，英国政府通过了一项法律。 ball球；suggestion建议；law法律；passport护照。根据“Shops must charge (收费) 5 pence for each...bag.”可知，政府通过了一项法律。故选C。 13．句意：商店必须对每个塑料袋收费5便士。 paper纸；plastic塑料；cloth布；silk丝绸。根据“it cut plastic bag use by 90% around the country”可知，此处指对每个塑料袋收费5便士。故选B。 14．句意：尽管成本很低，但全国塑料袋的使用量减少了90%。 But但是；Unless除非；Since自从；Although尽管。根据“the cost was low, it cut plastic bag use by 90% around the country”可知，前后句是让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 15．句意：丽贝卡的故事证明，像对塑料袋说“不”这样的小举动，可以为子孙后代保护地球。 gives给；accepts接受；makes制作；proves证明。根据“that small steps, like saying “no” to plastic bags, can protect the Earth for future generations”可知，此处指丽贝卡的故事证明，像对塑料袋说“不”这样的小举动，可以为子孙后代保护地球。故选D。 话题五：观察自然/人与自然和谐共处 （25-26八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 1 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 2 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 3 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 4 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 5 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 6 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 7 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 8 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 9 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 10 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 1．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 2．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 3．A．history B．story C．number D．population 4．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 5．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 6．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 7．A．season B．day C．place D．month 8．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 9．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 10．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍戈壁沙漠的环境、历史与资源，重点给出旅游建议，提醒游客做好准备，选合适时间前往体验游牧文化。 【详解】1．句意：但还有另一个许多人不知道的沙漠。 前文提到人人都知道撒哈拉沙漠，这里用转折说明很多人不了解戈壁沙漠，因此用know（了解）。believe（相信）、like（喜欢）、visit（参观）均不符合语境。 2．句意：它有一个非常艰苦的环境，气温变化极端。 后文提到极端的温度变化，说明环境是hard（恶劣的）。clean（干净的）、cold（寒冷的）、beautiful（美丽的）均无法概括戈壁的整体环境特点。 3．句意：它有超过 5000 年的历史。 前文提到数千年的居住历史，因此选history（历史）。story（故事）、number（数字）、population（人口）均不符合语境。 4．句意：人们利用戈壁沙漠的资源来生产能源。 根据“use resources”，可知目的是产生或生产能源。produce energy意为“生产能源”，符合语境。waste（浪费）、save（节约）、use（使用）均不符合 “利用资源” 的逻辑。 5．句意：最重要的事情是准备暖和的衣服和护具。 戈壁环境恶劣，保暖和防护是important（重要的）准备事项。strange（奇怪的）、difficult（困难的）、interesting（有趣的）均不符合语境。 6．句意：如果你想探索戈壁沙漠，不要在一月去。 后文介绍了旅行的时间建议，说明这里是想explore（探索）沙漠。explain（解释）、protect（保护）、share（分享）均不符合语境。 7．句意：一月是蒙古最冷的月份。 前文提到的“January” 是月份，因此选month（月份）。season（季节）、day（天）、place（地方）均不符合。 8．句意：这意味着会有太多问题。 道路被雪封住，会带来很多麻烦，因此选problems（问题 / 麻烦）。ways（方式）、people（人）、words（话语）均不符合语境。 9．句意：你可以欣赏独特景观并拍更好的照片。 五月或九月的天气和风景更适合拍照，因此能拍出nicer（更好的）照片。cheaper（更便宜的）、fewer（更少的）、larger（更大的）均不符合语境。 10．句意：它们提供传统蒙古食物和住宿地方。 蒙古包会提供食物和住宿服务，serve符合题意。choose（选择）、change（改变）、receive（接收）均不符合语境。 [跨文化] Cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more common in our daily life. Every country has its own special customs and social rules. If we want to communicate well with foreign friends, we need to learn and 1 their culture. Firstly, dressing is important. We should dress 2 for different situations. Wearing too casual clothes may seem disrespectful on formal occasions. Secondly, we must pay attention to our conversation 3 . Safe topics like sightseeing, food and hobbies can bring people closer. We should never ask personal questions, for they are 4 and rude. Thirdly, table manners also matter a lot. Different countries have 5 eating rules. In some countries, making soft sounds while eating is okay, while in others, it is totally 6 . We should watch others and learn from them. It is 7 for us to feel nervous when we first communicate with foreigners. But don’t be afraid of 8 . With continuous learning and 9 , we will become more confident. Always remember that kindness and politeness are the most 10 language in the world. 1．A．change B．respect C．create D．forget 2．A．properly B．quietly C．quickly D．casually 3．A．skills B．secrets C．topics D．tricks 4．A．safe B．boring C．public D．impolite 5．A．different B．similar C．simple D．strict 6．A．fine B．rude C．normal D．funny 7．A．unusual B．strange C．common D．impossible 8．A．mistakes B．friends C．rules D．manners 9．A．money B．practice C．luck D．time 10．A．difficult B．special C．universal D．strange 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了跨文化交流的重要性，从着装、谈话、礼仪等方面给出建议，鼓励大家克服紧张，自信交流。 【详解】1．句意：如果我们想和外国朋友有良好的沟通，我们需要学习并尊重他们的文化。 根据“communicate well”，可知要尊重文化才能良好沟通，respect“尊重”符合语境；change“改变”、create“建立”、forget“忘记”语境不符。 2．句意：我们应该针对不同场合得体地着装。 根据后文“too casual... disrespectful”，可知需要得体着装，properly“得体地”符合语境；quietly“安静地”、quickly“快速地”、casually“随意地”语境不符。 3．句意：第二，我们必须注意谈话话题。 根据后文“Safe topics like...”，可知此处指谈话话题，topics“话题”符合语境；skills“技能”、secrets“秘密”、tricks“技巧”语境不符。 4．句意：我们绝不要询问私人问题，因为这既失礼又粗鲁。 根据“and rude”，可知填近义词表示负面含义，impolite“没礼貌的”符合；safe“安全的”、boring“无聊的”、public“公共的”语境不符。 5．句意：不同国家有不同的饮食规则。 根据“Different countries”，可知强调规则不同，different“不同的”符合语境；similar“相似的”、simple“简单的”、strict“严格的”语境不符。 6．句意：在一些国家吃饭发出轻响无伤大雅，但在另一些国家，这是完全失礼的。 根据“while”表转折，与okay意思相反，rude“粗鲁的”符合。fine“美好的”、normal“正常的”、funny“有趣的”语境不符。 7．句意：初次和外国人交流时感到紧张对我们来说是普遍的。 根据常识及“But don’t be afraid”，可知是正常现象。common“普遍的”符合语境；unusual“反常的”、strange“奇怪的”、impossible“不可能的”语境不符。 8．句意：但不要害怕犯错。 根据学习过程，可知难免犯错，不要害怕，mistakes“错误”符合语境；friends“朋友”、rules“规则”、manners“礼仪”语境不符。 9．句意：通过持续学习和练习，我们会更自信。 根据“learning and...”，可知需实践练习才能提升，practice“练习”符合语境；money“金钱”、luck“幸运”、time“时间”语境不符。 10．句意：谨记，友善和礼貌是世界上最通用的语言。 根据“kindness and politeness”，可知友善和礼貌是通用语言，universal“通用的”符合语境；difficult“困难的”、special“特殊的”、strange“奇怪的”语境不符。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $