暑假作业11 语法填空（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦七年级升八年级英语语法填空，以句子结构分析、词汇变形运用、语境理解推理为三大突破维度，构建四步解题流程与专项技巧体系，提升语言综合运用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |三大突破维度|8篇主题短文（动物保护、巴黎介绍等）|句子结构分析力+词汇变形运用力+语境理解推理力|从基础词法（词性转换）到句法（句子成分）再到语篇逻辑（上下文关系），层层递进| |解题步骤|4步标准化流程|跳空速读→分析句子→精准填空→回头检查|形成“整体感知-局部分析-综合验证”的解题闭环| |专项技巧|语法/线索/转换三技法|提示词用语法分析法，无提示词用线索法，词性转换用规则法|针对不同空格类型提供靶向解法，强化知识迁移能力| |避坑指南|5类高频错误|规避词性混淆、时态误判等陷阱|结合典型错误案例，深化对语法规则的准确理解|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业11 语法填空（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级升八年级的英语学习中，语法填空是考查学生综合语言运用能力的核心题型。它不仅要求学生掌握词汇的拼写，更要求对词性转换、时态语态、固定搭配及句子结构有精准的把控。七年级阶段主要聚焦基础词法和基础时态。本专项主要从以下三大维度进行突破： 一、句子结构分析力：能快速判断句子的“主干”（谁+做什么/是什么），以及修饰成分（定语、状语等）。比如区分名词、动词、形容词在句中是当主语、谓语还是宾语。 二、词汇变形运用力：掌握单词的“变身规则”——名词变复数、动词变时态/非谓语（不定式、动名词）、形容词变比较级/最高级、词性转换（如名词→形容词）等。 三、语境理解推理力：通过上下文逻辑（转折、因果、并列等）和习惯搭配，推测空格该填什么词。 解题步骤： 第1步：跳空速读，抓文章大意 先快速扫一遍全文，重点看首尾段、每段首句，搞清楚文章讲什么（记叙文？说明文？）、主题和大致结构。这一步是为了“心里有底”，后面填空不跑偏~ 第2步：分析句子，判空格类型 先看空格所在的句子，判断缺什么成分（主语？谓语？宾语？），再结合上下文猜词性。分两种情况： 有提示词：根据提示词的词性（名/动/形/副），想它要变成啥形式（比如动词变时态、名词变复数）。 无提示词：大概率填虚词（介词、连词、冠词、代词等），靠固定搭配或上下文逻辑猜。 第3步：结合语境，精准填空 优先解决“有提示词”的空（线索明确！），再处理“无提示词”的空（靠逻辑和积累）。注意： 名词：单复数、所有格；动词：时态、语态、非谓语；形容词/副词：比较级、最高级、词性转换；虚词：固定搭配（如 be interested in）、逻辑连词（如 but 表转折）。 第4步：回头检查，验证答案 把填好的词代入原文，通读一遍！检查：主谓一致吗？时态对吗？拼写有没有错？逻辑顺不顺？（比如转折、因果是否合理） 针对不同题型的“解题小技巧” 技巧1：语法分析法（针对有提示词的空） 先判断提示词的词性，再想它在句中干啥（主语？谓语？宾语？），最后确定形式。 动词：看主语和动词的关系（主动/被动），再看时间标志（如 usually 用一般现在时，yesterday 用过去时）。 名词：看前面的修饰词（a/an 用单数，many 用复数），或是否需要所有格（如 students’ books）。 形容词/副词：找比较对象（than 用比较级，the most 用最高级），或转词性（形容词变副词加 -ly，如 quick→quickly）。 技巧2：语法线索法（针对无提示词的空） 分析句子缺啥成分，再选对应词性的词。 固定搭配：背熟常见短语（如 decide to do、look forward to doing）。 逻辑关系：看上下文是转折（but）、因果（because）、并列（and）还是条件（if）。 技巧3：词类转换法（针对某类词挖空） 记住词性变化规律，快速变形： 形容词→副词：加 -ly（quick→quickly），特殊记 good→well； 动词→名词：加 -tion/-ment（decide→decision）； 名词→形容词：加 -ful/-less（care→careful/careless）。 四、避坑指南！这些“陷阱”别踩 词性混淆：比如把名词当动词用，导致句子结构错。 时态误判：看到 now 就用现在进行时，但实际可能是“现阶段状态”用一般现在时。 固定搭配记混：比如 look forward to 后接动名词（doing），不是原形。 逻辑关系搞反：把“因果”写成“转折”，句子意思就拧巴了。 语境脱离：填的词语法对，但和文章主题不搭。 However, many animals are useful. Bees, for example, help plants grow by spreading pollen (花粉). If many bees work together, they 1 (produce) much honey. So we must protect them and help them live 2 (safe) in nature. What can we do? First, we should stop 3 (cut) down too many trees. Second, building nature parks will allow animals 4 (stay) alive. Let’s work together to improve the 5 (live) conditions for animals. Remember, every small step counts! 【答案】1．produce 2．safely 3．cutting 4．to stay 5．living 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了蜜蜂等动物对人类的重要性，并提出了保护动物的具体措施，呼吁人们共同努力改善动物的生存条件。 【详解】1．句意：如果许多蜜蜂一起工作，它们会产出很多蜂蜜。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，描述蜜蜂协作产蜜的客观自然规律，主句应用一般现在时，主语是they，所以谓语用动词原形。 2．句意：所以我们必须保护它们，帮助它们在自然界中安全生活。根据句子结构，此处需修饰动词“live”，应用副词形式。safe的副词是safely。 3．句意：第一，我们应该停止砍伐太多树木。固定搭配stop doing sth“停止做某事”，表示停止“正在砍伐树木”这一动作，此处应用动名词形式作宾语。cut的动名词是cutting。 4．句意：第二，建立自然公园将允许动物存活。固定搭配allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，此处应用带to的动词不定式。 5．句意：让我们一起努力改善动物的生活条件。根据名词“conditions”可知，此处需填形容词作定语。live的形容词是living，意为“生活的”。 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Millie, I’m glad to tell you about Paris. Are you 6 (interest) in Mickey Mouse? If so, you can enjoy a wonderful day in Disneyland Resort in Paris. The ticket price is between eighty and 7 (nine) euros (欧元). Maybe that’s quite expensive, but Disneyland Resort is 8 (real) a fun place for people 9 (visit). Paris is one of the shopping 10 (center) in the world. You can buy many kinds of modern clothes and shoes here. Paris is also famous 11 the River Seine. You can have a walk along the river when it is 12 (sun). I look forward to 13 (meet) you in Paris some day. If you want to know more about Paris, you can write to me. Don’t forget 14 (call) me when you get to Paris. Best 15 (wish). Sophie 【答案】 6．interested 7．ninety 8．really 9．to visit 10．centers 11．for 12．sunny 13．meeting 14．to call 15．wishes 【导语】本文是索菲写给米莉的书信，介绍巴黎迪士尼乐园、购物特色与塞纳河美景，同时期盼日后能在巴黎与米莉相见。 【详解】6．句意：你对米老鼠感兴趣吗。固定短语be interested in为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”，此处要用interest对应的形容词形式interested，修饰人，作表语。 7．句意：票价在八十欧元到九十欧元之间。前面“eighty”是整十基数词，nine是基数词“九”，不符合数值范围，对应要用整十基数词ninety表示“九十”。 8．句意：也许价格相当贵，但迪士尼乐园确实是人们游玩的好去处。本句需要副词修饰整个句子，作状语，此处为real的副词really形式。 9．句意：也许价格相当贵，但迪士尼乐园确实是人们游玩的好去处。固定句式a place for sb. to do sth.，用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词“place”，所以用to visit。 10．句意：巴黎是世界上的购物中心之一。语法结构“one of”须接可数名词复数，此处为center的复数形式。 11．句意：巴黎也因塞纳河而出名。固定搭配be famous for表示“因某地某物而出名”，是固定介词搭配，填for即可。 12．句意：天气晴朗的时候，你可以沿着河边散步。系动词“is”后面需要用形容词作表语，此处为sun的形容词形式。 13．句意：我期待将来有一天能在巴黎和你见面。固定短语look forward to中to是介词，后面要接动名词形式，此处为meet的动名词形式。 14．句意：你到巴黎的时候，别忘了给我打电话。固定用法forget to do sth.表示“忘记要去做某事”，事情还未做，用动词不定式to call。 15．句意：致以最美好的祝愿。书信结束语为固定用法“Best wishes”，此处为wish的复数形式。 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Dear Peter, Last year, I 16 (live) in a small village. Look at this photo of my home! At present ,we live on the 17 (nine) floor of a tall building, so we have to go up and down by lift (电梯). 18 (lucky), we have a chance to live in a neighbourhood like that. There are some nice restaurants nearby. We can eat Chinese food and 19 (West) food. There is a cinema near our home, too. Walk along the street, and you will find the cinema. I often invite my classmates 20 (watch) films on Saturday afternoon. Sometimes we go to the zoo near my home. In the zoo, there are lots of 21 (interest) animals. The tigers are very dangerous, so you can’t go near them. Monkeys are funny and they always make us 22 (laugh). Giraffes are quite tall. Their long necks help them eat the 23 (leave) from tall trees. Next Sunday, we 24 (have) a visit to the zoo. Why not go there with us?    I hope you will come to visit me. I’m sure you will have fun 25 (play) with me! 【答案】 16．lived 17．ninth 18．Luckily 19．Western 20．to watch 21．interesting 22．laugh 23．leaves 24．will have/are going to have 25．playing 【导语】这是一封写给Peter的信，作者向Peter介绍了自己现在的居住环境、周边设施、常去的地方，还邀请Peter来家里和自己一起玩。 【详解】16．句意：去年，我住在一个小村庄里。时间状语是Last year，表示过去的时间，所以动词要用一般过去时，live的过去式是lived。 17．句意：现在，我们住在一栋高楼的第九层，所以我们得乘坐电梯上下楼。表示“第九层楼”，要用序数词，nine的序数词形式是ninth。 18．句意：幸运的是，我们有机会住在那样的一个社区里。这里需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，lucky的副词形式是luckily，句首首字母要大写，故填Luckily。 19．句意：我们可以吃中餐和西餐。修饰名词food需要用形容词，West的形容词形式是Western，表示“西方的”。 20．句意：我经常邀请我的同学在周六下午看电影。固定搭配invite sb. to do sth.（邀请某人做某事），所以要用不定式，填to watch。 21．句意：在动物园里，有很多有趣的动物。修饰名词animals需要用形容词，interest的形容词形式interesting表示“有趣的”（用来描述事物），故填interesting。 22．句意：猴子们很有趣，它们总是让我们大笑。固定搭配make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事），make后面要跟不带to的动词原形。 23．句意：它们的长脖子帮助它们吃高树上的树叶。这里表示“树叶”，不是一片树叶，要用复数形式，leaf的复数是leaves。 24．句意：下周日，我们将要去参观动物园。时间状语是Next Sunday，表示将来的时间，要用一般将来时，可以用will+动词原形或be going to+动词原形，故填will have/are going to have。 25．句意：我相信你和我一起玩会很开心的！固定搭配have fun doing sth.（做某事很开心），后面要跟动名词形式，所以用playing。 根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 Shadow puppetry, also called piyingxi in Chinese, is an old folk art form. It 26 (begin) about 2000 years ago. The puppets are 27 (most) made of leather or paper. Craftspeople make them into different 28 (character). Many artists work hard to make the roles seem to be 29 (live). Nanjing shadow puppetry mixes the skills from northern China and Nanjing paper-cutting. You had better 30 (choose) Nanjing Folk Museum to enjoy some shows. 【答案】26．began 27．mostly 28．characters 29．alive 30．choose 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古老的民间艺术形式——皮影戏。 【详解】26．句意：它大约开始于2000年前。时间状语“about 2000 years ago”提示该句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，提示词begin“开始”为动词，应用其对应的过去式began作谓语。 27．句意：这些木偶主要由皮革或纸制成。空格所在句句子结构完整，则设空处在句中修饰动词短语“are made of”，应用提示词most的副词形式mostly“主要地”。 28．句意：手工艺人把它们做成不同的角色。character意为“角色”时是可数名词，空前有形容词different“不同的”修饰时表示多个不同的角色，应用其对应的名词复数形式characters表泛指。 29．句意：许多艺术家努力工作以使这些角色看起来像是活的。空处意在描述这些皮影角色的鲜活感，且be动词后应用提示词live对应的形容词形式alive“活着的，活跃的”。 30．句意：你最好选择南京市民俗博物馆来欣赏一些表演。该句考查“had better do sth.”，为动词短语，意为“最好做某事”，空处应接提示词choose“选择”的动词原形。 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces are one of the most beautiful 31 (landscape) in Yunnan Province. They lie between green mountains and have a history of more than 1,000 years. The Hani people built these terraces with their own hands long ago. They created a clever way 32 (get) water from the mountains to the fields. Thanks to this water system, rice grows 33 (good) here year by year. On 34 (sun) days, the terraces turn into a golden world when the rice is ripe (成熟的). The bright sun shines on the golden rice, and the view is truly amazing. Everyone will love it at first sight. When it rains, the water in the terraces looks like thousands of mirrors. It makes the whole area 35 (look) like a wonderful painting. Every year, lots of 36 (visit) from different places come to see the terraces. When they walk along the small paths, they can feel the wind blowing gently on their faces. They can also take many nice photos and enjoy the fresh air in the countryside. Local people are very friendly. They often tell tourists interesting stories about the terraces and their lives. The terraces are not just a place for 37 (grow) rice. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces are also an amazing achievement of the Hani people. In 2013, the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Now more and more people around the world know about this amazing place. We should try our best 38 (protect) it. We can also tell our friends about it. Let’s work together to make sure that the terraces 39 (stay) beautiful for hundreds of years to come. It’s our duty to keep this great treasure of human culture 40 (live) for future generations (下一代). 【答案】 31．landscapes 32．to get 33．well 34．sunny 35．look 36．visitors 37．growing 38．to protect 39．will stay 40．alive 【导语】本文介绍了云南红河哈尼梯田的历史、景观特色、文化价值，并呼吁人们保护这一世界文化遗产。 【详解】31．句意：红河哈尼梯田是云南省最美丽的景观之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此名词landscape需用复数形式。 32．句意：他们创造了一种巧妙的方法，把水从山上引到田里。“a way to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“做某事的方法”，因此需用动词不定式作后置定语修饰way。 33．句意：多亏了这个水系，这里的水稻一年年长得很好。句中“year by year”描述的是水稻生长的常态，此处修饰动词grows，需用副词well，表示“生长得好”，无需用比较级。 34．句意：在晴朗的日子里，水稻成熟时梯田变成了金色的世界。此处修饰名词days，需用形容词作定语，因此名词sun需变为形容词形式sunny。 35．句意：这使得整个地区看起来像一幅美妙的画。“make sb./sth. do sth.”为固定结构，表示“使某人/某物做某事”，因此look需用动词原形。 36．句意：每年，许多来自不同地方的游客都来参观梯田。“lots of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，结合语境“come to see the terraces”可知此处表示“游客”，因此动词visit需变为复数名词形式visitors。 37．句意：梯田不仅仅是种植水稻的地方。介词for后需接动名词作宾语，因此动词grow需变为动名词形式。 38．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护它。“try one’s best to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，因此需用动词不定式。 39．句意：让我们共同努力，确保梯田在未来几百年里依然美丽。句中“for hundreds of years to come”表示未来的时间，说明梯田保持美丽是将来会发生的事，因此需用一般将来时will stay，表示“将会保持”。 40．句意：让人类文化的这一伟大宝藏为后代延续下去是我们的责任。“keep sth. alive”为固定搭配，表示“使某物保持存活/存在”，因此live需变为形容词alive，作宾语补足语。 根据短文内容和意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。并将答案填写在答题卡上。 In the State of Zheng, there was a man. He decided 41 (go) to the town to buy a new pair of shoes. Before he 42 (leave) home, he measured (测量) his feet with a piece of straw (稻草) for size. After 43 (arrive) at the town, he went to a shoe shop. He put his hand into his pocket. But 44 (luck), he couldn’t find the straw. Also, he didn’t remember the size. Then, he turned around and started for home. But when he ran back to the shoe shop with the measurement, the shop was 45 (close). In the end, he just got busy with nothing. Later, someone asked him, “Were you buying shoes for 46 (you) or for others?” He answered, “For myself.” Someone couldn’t understand and asked, “Don’t you have feet? Just try on new shoes.” The man of Zheng still said, “I can’t 47 (buy) shoes without the straw. I think the measurement is better than my own feet.” 【答案】41．to go 42．left 43．arriving 44．unluckily 45．closed 46．yourself 47．buy 【导语】本文讲述郑人买履的寓言故事，讽刺死守教条、不知变通，宁愿相信量好的尺码也不相信自己双脚的人。 【详解】41．句意：他决定去镇上买一双新鞋。固定搭配decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，因此用不定式to go。 42．句意：在他离家之前，他用一根稻草量好了自己脚的尺寸。主句动词measured为过去式，从句也用一般过去时。leave的过去式是left。 43．句意：到达镇上之后，他走进了一家鞋店。介词after后面接动词时，需要使用动名词形式，arrive的动名词是arriving。 44．句意：但不幸的是，他找不到那根稻草了。此处修饰后面整个句子，需要用副词作状语；结合“he couldn’t find the straw”，luck的副词否定形式unluckily意为“不幸地”，符合语境。 45．句意：但当他拿着尺码跑回鞋店时，店铺已经关门了。be动词was后接形容词作表语，close的形容词closed表示“关闭的，不营业的”。 46．句意：你买鞋是为了你自己还是为别人？介词for后表示“你自己”，对应反身代词yourself，和后文for myself形成对应。 47．句意：没有那根稻草我不能买鞋。情态动词can’t（can not）后面必须接动词原形，因此直接用buy。 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella, 48 a history of over 1,000 years in China, was a water-proof tool for everyday use in ancient 49 (time). There are different stories about the start of the umbrella in China. The most popular one is about Lu Ban. It is said that once he and his younger sister paid 50 visit to the West Lake. It started to rain suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a competition. Before the sun 51 (rise) tomorrow, the one who thinks of a way to help people visit the West Lake on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He 52 (collect) some tools and materials and spent the whole night building 10 pavilions around the lake. On the early morning next day, however, when Lu Ban was introducing his pavilions proudly, he saw his sister 53 (hold) something strange in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was surprised. He found that the object 54 (make) of silk and bamboo strips could be opened and closed 55 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You won. Your ‘pavilion’ can protect us from rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later, when paper was invented, people used much 56 (cheap) paper to cut the cost of umbrellas. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface (表面). That was 57 the oil-paper umbrella was invented. 【答案】 48．with 49．times 50．a 51．rises 52．collected 53．holding 54．made 55．easily 56．cheaper 57．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了油纸伞在中国超过1000年的历史，并通过鲁班与其妹妹比赛的故事，介绍了油纸伞的发明过程以及后来使用纸张和桐油改进伞的制作工艺。 【详解】48．句意：油纸伞在中国拥有超过1000年的历史，是一种古代日常使用的防水工具。主语“The oil-paper umbrella”为单数，空格后为“a history”，表示“拥有……的历史”，用with a history of…。故填with。 49．句意：油纸伞在中国拥有超过1000年的历史，是一种古代日常使用的防水工具。这里表示在古代时期，“time”表示“时代、时期”时常用复数形式“times”，如“ancient times”。故填times。 50．句意：据说他和他的妹妹一次游览了西湖。“pay a visit to”为固定搭配，意为“游览、拜访”，其中“a”表示“一次”。故填a。 51．句意：在明天太阳升起之前。“before”引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。主语“the sun”为第三人称单数，动词rise需加-es。故填rises。 52．句意：他收集了一些工具和材料，花了一整夜在湖边建了10个亭子。描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。collect的过去式为collected。故填collected。 53．句意：他看见他的妹妹手里拿着一个奇怪的东西。“see sb. doing sth.”表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。故填holding。 54．句意：他发现那个由丝绸和竹条制成的物体可以轻松地打开和关闭。“be made of”表示“由……制成”。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“the object”，表示被动。故填made。 55．句意：他发现那个由丝绸和竹条制成的物体可以轻松地打开和关闭。修饰动词“opened and closed”，应用副词。easy的副词形式为easily。故填easily。 56．句意：人们使用更便宜的纸来降低伞的成本。“much”修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。cheap的比较级为cheaper。故填cheaper。 57．句意：那就是油纸伞如何被发明的。空格处引导表语从句，表示“油纸伞被发明的方式”。根据上文描述的制作过程，应填how，意为“如何”。故填how。 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 I am the Three-North Shelter Forest (三北防护林). I am a big tree-planting project in China. My job is 58 (most) to stop deserts from growing and protect farmland in northern China. China, as the 59 (three) country to start plantation forest in the world, after the USA and the Soviet Union, 60 (show) how planting trees can change the environment for the better. Before the Chinese government (政府) 61 (start) this important project in 1978, this land had many problems. The soil (土壤) was too dry, and sandstorms often covered houses and roads. You can never imagine what great trouble scientists and people had 62 (find) better ways to grow trees in such dry places over the years. Thanks to these efforts (努力), little by little, the land 63 (become) better for plants and animals these years. Trees help make the air cleaner, stop strong winds, and keep the soil 64 (health) for farming. In this way, I help local farmers 65 (live) a better life because crops begin to grow and more jobs are created for them. I am full of trees now, like a Green Great Wall 66 (cross) northern China. In another 25 years, I believe (相信) that I 67 (make) northern China even greener, as workers are still planting new trees every year to make me bigger and stronger. 【答案】 58．mostly 59．third 60．shows 61．started 62．finding 63．is becoming 64．healthy 65．live/to live 66．across 67．will make 【导语】本文主要讲了中国三北防护林工程，旨在阻止沙漠扩张，保护北方农田。 【详解】58．句意：我的工作主要是阻止沙漠扩张并保护中国北方的农田。分析句子可知，most应变为副词“mostly”，意为“主要地”，修饰“to stop”。故填mostly。 59．句意：中国作为全球第三个启动人工林种植的国家，仅次于美国和苏联，充分展现了植树造林如何改善环境、带来积极变化。根据“after the USA and the Soviet Union”可推知，在人工林种植方面，中国仅次于美国和苏联，排在第三个，基数词three变为序数词“third”，意为“第三”。故填third。 60．句意：中国作为全球第三个启动人工林种植的国家，仅次于美国和苏联，充分展现了植树造林如何改善环境、带来积极变化。根据“China, ...how planting trees can change the environment for the better.”可知，中国充分展现了植树造林如何改善环境、带来积极变化，描述的为客观事实，用一般现在时，China为单数，show用三单形式shows。故填shows。 61．句意：在1978年中国政府启动这一重要项目之前，这片土地存在诸多问题。根据“in 1978”可知，事情发生在1978年，用一般过去时，start的过去式为started。故填started。 62．句意：你永远无法想象，多年来科学家和人们在如此干旱的地方寻找更好的造林方法时遇到了多么大的困难。根据“You can never imagine what great trouble scientists and people had...better ways to grow trees in such dry places over the years.”可知，此处用了“what+adj+不可数名词 (trouble)+主语+谓语”的感叹句，trouble为had的宾语，have trouble doing意为“做某事有困难”，故填finding。 63．句意：多亏了这些努力，近年来，这片土地正逐渐变得更适合植物和动物生存。根据“the land...better for plants and animals these years.”可知，这片土地正逐渐变得更适合植物和动物生存，因此用现在进行时态be doing，主语是三单，be动词用is。故填is becoming。 64．句意：树木有助于净化空气、阻挡强风，并保持土壤健康，有利于农业生产。根据“keep the soil...”可知，keep sth adj意为“使某物保持某种状态”，名词health变为形容词“healthy”，意为“健康的”，作宾补，符合语境。故填healthy。 65．句意：通过这种方式，我帮助当地农民过上更好的生活，因为作物开始生长，为他们创造了更多就业机会。根据“I help local farmers...”可知，为“help sb do/to do”，表示“帮助某人做某事”，故填live/to live。 66．句意：如今，我已满是树木，犹如一道绿色的长城，横亘于中国北方。根据“like a Green Great Wall...northern China.”可知，犹如一道绿色的长城，横亘于中国北方，动词cross应变为介词“across”，意为“横穿”，符合语境。故填across。 67．句意：再过25年，我相信我将使中国北方更加绿意盎然，因为工人每年仍在种植新树，让我变得更大更强壮。根据“In another 25 years”可知，25年后为将来的时间，用一般将来时，谓语结构为“will+动词原形”。故填will make。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 David has a dream home. He would like to live in a flat 68 his family. His dream home is on a busy street and there are some 69 (shop) centres near it. There are four bedrooms, one for his parents, one for David, one for his brother and one for the guest (客人). The bedrooms 70 (be) all clean and tidy. The 71 (live) room is large. After dinner, his family often sit on the sofa and watch TV. David’s father usually 72 (read) books and does some work in the study. There is also a bathroom. David likes to have a shower 73 he goes to bed. The kitchen is nice. There is a fridge in the kitchen and they often put some food and drinks in it. There are two 74 (balcony) in David’s flat. There isn’t a garden, so they put the flowers on the balconies. The flowers look beautiful. 75 weekends, David sometimes invites his friends to come to his flat and have 76 (party) in it. His mother likes 77 (cook) nice food for them. This is his dream home. Do you like it? 【答案】 68．with 69．shopping 70．are 71．living 72．reads 73．before 74．balconies 75．At/On 76．parties 77．cooking/to cook 【导语】本文主要介绍了大卫理想的公寓是什么样子。 68． 句意：大卫想和家人一起住在一套公寓里。根据“He would like to live in a flat...his family.”可知，应填介词with“和”，表示和家人一起住在一套公寓里。故填with。 69．句意：他梦想中的家在一条繁忙的街道上，附近有一些购物中心。shopping centres“购物中心”。故填shopping。 70．句意：卧室都是干净整洁的。本句时态是一般现在时，陈述事实，主语The bedrooms是复数，所以be动词应用are。故填are。 71．句意：客厅很大。living room“客厅”。故填living。 72．句意：饭后，大卫的父亲通常在书房看书和做一些工作。根据“usually”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语 David’s father是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填reads。 73．句意：大卫喜欢在睡觉前洗个澡。根据“have a shower”和“he goes to bed”可知，应填before“在……之前”，引导一个时间状语从句，表示在睡觉前洗个澡。故填before。 74．句意：大卫的公寓有两个阳台。根据“There are two”可知，应填所给单词balcony“阳台”的复数形式balconies，作主语，表示有两个阳台。故填balconies。 75．句意：周末，大卫有时邀请他的朋友到他的公寓来开派对。at/on weekends“在周末”，句首首字母大写。故填At/On。 76．句意：周末，大卫有时邀请他的朋友到他的公寓来开派对。party“聚会、派对”，可数名词，have a party“办聚会、开派对”，前面没有冠词，须用复数，表泛指。故填parties。 77．句意：他妈妈喜欢给他们做美味的食物。like doing/to do sth“喜欢做某事”。故填cooking/to cook。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Living in China for 25 years, China is still a desirable country that I always look forward to 78 (visit). This Women’s Day holiday, I planned a one-day trip around Yangzhou. It was like love at first sight. 79 the age of 15, I received a book that was a collection of poems of the Tang Dynasty. In it, I was deeply attracted to a poem written by Li Bai “Sailing to Yangzhou in March when blossoms curl (卷曲) like smoke on the river”. Yangzhou, sitting for 2,500 years at the crossing of the Yangtze River and the 2,500-year-old Grand Canal (大运河), is one of the 24 80 (city) on the list of Historic and Cultural Cities in China. In the old town, there are many streets and houses. It is great 81 (travel) to the city in spring. Spring paints the city in bright colors. Yangzhou is famous for 82 (it) gardens. Among them, the Slender West Lake (瘦西湖), one of the biggest attractions in the city, was my 83 (one) stop. The park with its fantastic landscape (景色) and lots of history has enough to keep a tourist busy for the whole day. I felt sorry 84 I could only have a half-day tour. My next stop was He Garden, one of the best protected gardens in Yangzhou. It was once owned by the family of He Zhidao during the Qing Dynasty. He 85 (bring) Chinese and Western architectural (建筑的) features together successfully. Yangzhou is also the starting point of the Grand Canal tour. Taking a boat along that part of the canal in Yangzhou, I was 86 (amaze) at the liveliness of this ancient waterway and the city’s history and culture. I found it 87 (luck) to have a trip to Yangzhou filled with pleasure and wonder. It made me hungry for more of China. 【答案】 78．visiting 79．At 80．cities 81．to travel 82．its 83．first 84．because 85．brought 86．amazed 87．lucky 【导语】本文主要表达了作者对扬州这个城市的喜爱，并介绍了他在扬州一日游的行程。 【详解】78．句意：在中国生活了25年，中国仍然是我一直期待参观的理想之国。look forward to doing sth表示“期待做某事”，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填visiting。 79．句意：15岁的时候，我收到了一本唐代诗集。at the age of表示“在……岁时”，为固定用法，首字母要大写。故填At。 80．句意：扬州位于长江和有2500年历史的大运河交汇处，有2500年的历史，是中国24个历史文化名城之一。one of+可数名词复数，表示“……中的一个”，为固定用法。city“城市”，为可数名词，此处用其复数形式cities。故填cities。 81．句意：春天去这个城市旅游真是太好了。此处为it is+adj.+to do sth句型，表示“做某事是……的”，所以空处用动词不定式。故填to travel。 82．句意：扬州以其园林而闻名。根据空后gardens可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词，its“它的”，符合题意。故填its。 83．句意：其中，瘦西湖是我的第一站，它是这个城市最大的景点之一。根据“...was my...stop”可知，此处表顺序，需用序数词，one的序数词为first“第一”。故填first。 84．句意：我感到很遗憾，因为我只能进行半天的旅行。空处前后是因果关系，需用because来连接。故填because。 85．句意：他成功地将中西方建筑特色融合在一起。根据“It was once owned by the family of He Zhidao during the Qing Dynasty.”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，所以此处用动词过去式，bring的过去式为brought。故填brought。 86．句意：沿着扬州运河的那一段乘船，我惊讶于这条古老水道的热闹和这座城市的历史文化。根据“I was...at”可知，主语为人，此处应用以ed结尾的形容词，amazed“吃惊的”，符合题意。故填amazed。 87．句意：我感到很幸运，进行了一次充满了乐趣和惊奇的扬州之旅。此处为find it+adj+to do sth句型，表示“发现做某事……”，所以空处应用形容词。luck“幸运”，名词，其形容词为lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业11 语法填空（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级升八年级的英语学习中，语法填空是考查学生综合语言运用能力的核心题型。它不仅要求学生掌握词汇的拼写，更要求对词性转换、时态语态、固定搭配及句子结构有精准的把控。七年级阶段主要聚焦基础词法和基础时态。本专项主要从以下三大维度进行突破： 一、句子结构分析力：能快速判断句子的“主干”（谁+做什么/是什么），以及修饰成分（定语、状语等）。比如区分名词、动词、形容词在句中是当主语、谓语还是宾语。 二、词汇变形运用力：掌握单词的“变身规则”——名词变复数、动词变时态/非谓语（不定式、动名词）、形容词变比较级/最高级、词性转换（如名词→形容词）等。 三、语境理解推理力：通过上下文逻辑（转折、因果、并列等）和习惯搭配，推测空格该填什么词。 解题步骤： 第1步：跳空速读，抓文章大意 先快速扫一遍全文，重点看首尾段、每段首句，搞清楚文章讲什么（记叙文？说明文？）、主题和大致结构。这一步是为了“心里有底”，后面填空不跑偏~ 第2步：分析句子，判空格类型 先看空格所在的句子，判断缺什么成分（主语？谓语？宾语？），再结合上下文猜词性。分两种情况： 有提示词：根据提示词的词性（名/动/形/副），想它要变成啥形式（比如动词变时态、名词变复数）。 无提示词：大概率填虚词（介词、连词、冠词、代词等），靠固定搭配或上下文逻辑猜。 第3步：结合语境，精准填空 优先解决“有提示词”的空（线索明确！），再处理“无提示词”的空（靠逻辑和积累）。注意： 名词：单复数、所有格；动词：时态、语态、非谓语；形容词/副词：比较级、最高级、词性转换；虚词：固定搭配（如 be interested in）、逻辑连词（如 but 表转折）。 第4步：回头检查，验证答案 把填好的词代入原文，通读一遍！检查：主谓一致吗？时态对吗？拼写有没有错？逻辑顺不顺？（比如转折、因果是否合理） 针对不同题型的“解题小技巧” 技巧1：语法分析法（针对有提示词的空） 先判断提示词的词性，再想它在句中干啥（主语？谓语？宾语？），最后确定形式。 动词：看主语和动词的关系（主动/被动），再看时间标志（如 usually 用一般现在时，yesterday 用过去时）。 名词：看前面的修饰词（a/an 用单数，many 用复数），或是否需要所有格（如 students’ books）。 形容词/副词：找比较对象（than 用比较级，the most 用最高级），或转词性（形容词变副词加 -ly，如 quick→quickly）。 技巧2：语法线索法（针对无提示词的空） 分析句子缺啥成分，再选对应词性的词。 固定搭配：背熟常见短语（如 decide to do、look forward to doing）。 逻辑关系：看上下文是转折（but）、因果（because）、并列（and）还是条件（if）。 技巧3：词类转换法（针对某类词挖空） 记住词性变化规律，快速变形： 形容词→副词：加 -ly（quick→quickly），特殊记 good→well； 动词→名词：加 -tion/-ment（decide→decision）； 名词→形容词：加 -ful/-less（care→careful/careless）。 四、避坑指南！这些“陷阱”别踩 词性混淆：比如把名词当动词用，导致句子结构错。 时态误判：看到 now 就用现在进行时，但实际可能是“现阶段状态”用一般现在时。 固定搭配记混：比如 look forward to 后接动名词（doing），不是原形。 逻辑关系搞反：把“因果”写成“转折”，句子意思就拧巴了。 语境脱离：填的词语法对，但和文章主题不搭。 However, many animals are useful. Bees, for example, help plants grow by spreading pollen (花粉). If many bees work together, they 1 (produce) much honey. So we must protect them and help them live 2 (safe) in nature. What can we do? First, we should stop 3 (cut) down too many trees. Second, building nature parks will allow animals 4 (stay) alive. Let’s work together to improve the 5 (live) conditions for animals. Remember, every small step counts! 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Millie, I’m glad to tell you about Paris. Are you 6 (interest) in Mickey Mouse? If so, you can enjoy a wonderful day in Disneyland Resort in Paris. The ticket price is between eighty and 7 (nine) euros (欧元). Maybe that’s quite expensive, but Disneyland Resort is 8 (real) a fun place for people 9 (visit). Paris is one of the shopping 10 (center) in the world. You can buy many kinds of modern clothes and shoes here. Paris is also famous 11 the River Seine. You can have a walk along the river when it is 12 (sun). I look forward to 13 (meet) you in Paris some day. If you want to know more about Paris, you can write to me. Don’t forget 14 (call) me when you get to Paris. Best 15 (wish). Sophie 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Dear Peter, Last year, I 16 (live) in a small village. Look at this photo of my home! At present ,we live on the 17 (nine) floor of a tall building, so we have to go up and down by lift (电梯). 18 (lucky), we have a chance to live in a neighbourhood like that. There are some nice restaurants nearby. We can eat Chinese food and 19 (West) food. There is a cinema near our home, too. Walk along the street, and you will find the cinema. I often invite my classmates 20 (watch) films on Saturday afternoon. Sometimes we go to the zoo near my home. In the zoo, there are lots of 21 (interest) animals. The tigers are very dangerous, so you can’t go near them. Monkeys are funny and they always make us 22 (laugh). Giraffes are quite tall. Their long necks help them eat the 23 (leave) from tall trees. Next Sunday, we 24 (have) a visit to the zoo. Why not go there with us?    I hope you will come to visit me. I’m sure you will have fun 25 (play) with me! 根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 Shadow puppetry, also called piyingxi in Chinese, is an old folk art form. It 26 (begin) about 2000 years ago. The puppets are 27 (most) made of leather or paper. Craftspeople make them into different 28 (character). Many artists work hard to make the roles seem to be 29 (live). Nanjing shadow puppetry mixes the skills from northern China and Nanjing paper-cutting. You had better 30 (choose) Nanjing Folk Museum to enjoy some shows. 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces are one of the most beautiful 31 (landscape) in Yunnan Province. They lie between green mountains and have a history of more than 1,000 years. The Hani people built these terraces with their own hands long ago. They created a clever way 32 (get) water from the mountains to the fields. Thanks to this water system, rice grows 33 (good) here year by year. On 34 (sun) days, the terraces turn into a golden world when the rice is ripe (成熟的). The bright sun shines on the golden rice, and the view is truly amazing. Everyone will love it at first sight. When it rains, the water in the terraces looks like thousands of mirrors. It makes the whole area 35 (look) like a wonderful painting. Every year, lots of 36 (visit) from different places come to see the terraces. When they walk along the small paths, they can feel the wind blowing gently on their faces. They can also take many nice photos and enjoy the fresh air in the countryside. Local people are very friendly. They often tell tourists interesting stories about the terraces and their lives. The terraces are not just a place for 37 (grow) rice. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces are also an amazing achievement of the Hani people. In 2013, the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Now more and more people around the world know about this amazing place. We should try our best 38 (protect) it. We can also tell our friends about it. Let’s work together to make sure that the terraces 39 (stay) beautiful for hundreds of years to come. It’s our duty to keep this great treasure of human culture 40 (live) for future generations (下一代). 根据短文内容和意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。并将答案填写在答题卡上。 In the State of Zheng, there was a man. He decided 41 (go) to the town to buy a new pair of shoes. Before he 42 (leave) home, he measured (测量) his feet with a piece of straw (稻草) for size. After 43 (arrive) at the town, he went to a shoe shop. He put his hand into his pocket. But 44 (luck), he couldn’t find the straw. Also, he didn’t remember the size. Then, he turned around and started for home. But when he ran back to the shoe shop with the measurement, the shop was 45 (close). In the end, he just got busy with nothing. Later, someone asked him, “Were you buying shoes for 46 (you) or for others?” He answered, “For myself.” Someone couldn’t understand and asked, “Don’t you have feet? Just try on new shoes.” The man of Zheng still said, “I can’t 47 (buy) shoes without the straw. I think the measurement is better than my own feet.” 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The oil-paper umbrella, 48 a history of over 1,000 years in China, was a water-proof tool for everyday use in ancient 49 (time). There are different stories about the start of the umbrella in China. The most popular one is about Lu Ban. It is said that once he and his younger sister paid 50 visit to the West Lake. It started to rain suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a competition. Before the sun 51 (rise) tomorrow, the one who thinks of a way to help people visit the West Lake on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He 52 (collect) some tools and materials and spent the whole night building 10 pavilions around the lake. On the early morning next day, however, when Lu Ban was introducing his pavilions proudly, he saw his sister 53 (hold) something strange in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was surprised. He found that the object 54 (make) of silk and bamboo strips could be opened and closed 55 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You won. Your ‘pavilion’ can protect us from rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later, when paper was invented, people used much 56 (cheap) paper to cut the cost of umbrellas. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface (表面). That was 57 the oil-paper umbrella was invented. 阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 I am the Three-North Shelter Forest (三北防护林). I am a big tree-planting project in China. My job is 58 (most) to stop deserts from growing and protect farmland in northern China. China, as the 59 (three) country to start plantation forest in the world, after the USA and the Soviet Union, 60 (show) how planting trees can change the environment for the better. Before the Chinese government (政府) 61 (start) this important project in 1978, this land had many problems. The soil (土壤) was too dry, and sandstorms often covered houses and roads. You can never imagine what great trouble scientists and people had 62 (find) better ways to grow trees in such dry places over the years. Thanks to these efforts (努力), little by little, the land 63 (become) better for plants and animals these years. Trees help make the air cleaner, stop strong winds, and keep the soil 64 (health) for farming. In this way, I help local farmers 65 (live) a better life because crops begin to grow and more jobs are created for them. I am full of trees now, like a Green Great Wall 66 (cross) northern China. In another 25 years, I believe (相信) that I 67 (make) northern China even greener, as workers are still planting new trees every year to make me bigger and stronger. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 David has a dream home. He would like to live in a flat 68 his family. His dream home is on a busy street and there are some 69 (shop) centres near it. There are four bedrooms, one for his parents, one for David, one for his brother and one for the guest (客人). The bedrooms 70 (be) all clean and tidy. The 71 (live) room is large. After dinner, his family often sit on the sofa and watch TV. David’s father usually 72 (read) books and does some work in the study. There is also a bathroom. David likes to have a shower 73 he goes to bed. The kitchen is nice. There is a fridge in the kitchen and they often put some food and drinks in it. There are two 74 (balcony) in David’s flat. There isn’t a garden, so they put the flowers on the balconies. The flowers look beautiful. 75 weekends, David sometimes invites his friends to come to his flat and have 76 (party) in it. His mother likes 77 (cook) nice food for them. This is his dream home. Do you like it? 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Living in China for 25 years, China is still a desirable country that I always look forward to 78 (visit). This Women’s Day holiday, I planned a one-day trip around Yangzhou. It was like love at first sight. 79 the age of 15, I received a book that was a collection of poems of the Tang Dynasty. In it, I was deeply attracted to a poem written by Li Bai “Sailing to Yangzhou in March when blossoms curl (卷曲) like smoke on the river”. Yangzhou, sitting for 2,500 years at the crossing of the Yangtze River and the 2,500-year-old Grand Canal (大运河), is one of the 24 80 (city) on the list of Historic and Cultural Cities in China. In the old town, there are many streets and houses. It is great 81 (travel) to the city in spring. Spring paints the city in bright colors. Yangzhou is famous for 82 (it) gardens. Among them, the Slender West Lake (瘦西湖), one of the biggest attractions in the city, was my 83 (one) stop. The park with its fantastic landscape (景色) and lots of history has enough to keep a tourist busy for the whole day. I felt sorry 84 I could only have a half-day tour. My next stop was He Garden, one of the best protected gardens in Yangzhou. It was once owned by the family of He Zhidao during the Qing Dynasty. He 85 (bring) Chinese and Western architectural (建筑的) features together successfully. Yangzhou is also the starting point of the Grand Canal tour. Taking a boat along that part of the canal in Yangzhou, I was 86 (amaze) at the liveliness of this ancient waterway and the city’s history and culture. I found it 87 (luck) to have a trip to Yangzhou filled with pleasure and wonder. It made me hungry for more of China. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $