精品解析：湖北省武汉市江岸区2025-2026学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试卷

八年级英语 第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共80分) 第一部分 听力部分 一、听力测试 (共三节) 第一节 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5个问题。每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每个问题后，你都有5秒钟的时间来作答和阅读下一小题。每个问题仅读一遍。 1. A. Yunnan. B. Play sports. C. Beijing roast duck. 2. A. It’s sunny. B. Every day. C. Sounds great. 3. A. Wonderful. B. It’s red. C. Helen. 4. A. The blue whale. B. Bamboo. C. Comfortable. 5. A. Class One. B. Reading. C. Sure. 第二节 (共7小题，每小题1分，满分7分) 听下面7段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来作答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 6. What does David look like? A. Heavy. B. Thin. C. Short. 7. What will Emma do tonight? A. Go to the movies. B. Study for a test. C. Wash the clothes. 8. Where is Tom’s new hat? A. In the mirror. B. On his head. C. Under his bed. 9. When will the next subway arrive? A. 7: 10. B. 7: 16. C. 7: 22. 10. What does Lucy think of her vacation? A. Relaxing. B. Tiring. C. Funny. 11. What would the woman probably say next? A. My pleasure. B. The same to you. C. Thanks a lot. 12. Which place does Peter plan to visit? A. B. C. 第三节 (共13小题，每小题1分，满分13分) 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答13至15 三个小题。 13. Where did John go on vacation? A. In a big city. B. In high mountains. C. In the countryside. 14. Who did John go there with? A. His parents. B. His friends. C. His classmates. 15. Which place did Claire visit in Wuhan? A. The East Lake. B. The Yellow Crane Tower. C. The Hubei Provincial Museum. 听下面一段对话，回答16至18三个小题。 cactus/'kæktəs/仙人掌 needles /'niːd (ə) l/针叶 16. Where are the two speakers? A. In a square. B. In a classroom. C. In a supermarket. 17. What is the use of the needles? A. To make food. B. To drink water. C. To keep safe. 18. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Learning about cactus. B. Planting amazing flowers. C. Knowing different plants. 听下面一段对话，回答19至21三个小题。 19. What are the two speakers talking about? A. The Chinese flute. B. The basketball club. C. The school music festival. 20. What’s Chen Jie’s problem? A. Not being good at the flute. B. Being afraid to perform alone. C. Not working hard enough. 21. How will the two speakers solve the problem? A. By singing a song. B. By joining the club. C. By performing together. 听下面一段独白，回答22至25四个小题。 22. What did Confucius do? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A scientist. 23. What might Confucius believe in? A. Teaching Chinese medicine. B. Traveling around China. C. Respecting the old. 24. How did Zai Yu become one of Confucius’ best students? A. By building a house. B. By working harder. C. By making no mistakes. 25. What’s the speaker probably doing? A. Introducing a person. B. Telling a joke. C. Reading a diary. 二、选择填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — We should stop cutting down too many trees in the forest. — I agree. The trees are the ________ to many birds. We need to protect them. A. camp B. roof C. home D. block 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们应该停止砍伐森林里太多的树。——我同意。树木是许多鸟类的家。我们需要保护它们。 camp营地；roof屋顶；home家；block街区。根据“We should stop cutting down too many trees”及“We need to protect them”可知，树木对于鸟类来说是栖息的地方，即它们的“家”，符合语境。 2. —I have ________ biscuits left and I’m still hungry. — Don’t worry! I have some to share with you. Sharing makes happiness double. A. few B. little C. some D. any 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我几乎没有剩下的饼干了，可我还是很饿。——别担心！我有一些可以和你分享。分享使快乐加倍。 few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数，表否定）；little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词，表否定）；some一些（修饰可数或不可数，表肯定）；any任何/一些（修饰可数或不可数，常用于否定或疑问句）。根据“biscuits”是可数名词复数，排除B；本句是肯定句，排除D；再根据“still hungry”可知剩下的饼干很少，几乎没有了，表否定含义，few符合语境。 3. — We’re going on a school trip tomorrow! — Fantastic. It’s reported that the weather will be ________ with white clouds and warm sunshine. A. pleasant B. interesting C. exciting D. important 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们明天要去学校旅行！——太棒了。据报道，天气将会很宜人，伴有白云和温暖的阳光。 pleasant宜人的，舒适的；interesting有趣的；exciting令人激动的；important重要的。根据答句中“white clouds and warm sunshine”的描述可知，此处用来形容天气舒适宜人，应填pleasant。 4. — Look! The ants are busy carrying seeds into their hole one by one. — It’s getting colder. They’re trying to ________ food for the long winter. A. exchange B. store C. offer D. describe 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——看！蚂蚁们正忙着把种子一颗颗搬进洞里。——天气变冷了。它们正试图为漫长的冬天储存食物。 exchange交换；store储存；offer提供；describe描述。根据“The ants are busy carrying seeds into their hole”及“for the long winter”可知，蚂蚁搬种子是为了过冬储备粮食，store符合语境。 5. —Look! The service robot in this restaurant is so cool. —Yes. It can ________ different tasks like delivering food to our room. A. spend B. protect C. believe D. perform 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——看！这家餐厅里的服务机器人太酷了。——是的。它能执行不同的任务，比如把餐食送到我们的房间。 spend花费；protect保护；believe相信；perform执行，完成。根据答句中“different tasks like delivering food to our room”可知，此处表示“执行任务”，应填perform。 6. —A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. —Exactly, friends can help me see the ________ in difficult situations. A. folding fan B. treasure hunt C. silver lining D. shopping list 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——真正的朋友是向你伸出援助之手，触动你心灵的人。——没错，朋友能帮我在困境中看到希望。 folding fan折扇；treasure hunt寻宝游戏；silver lining困境中的一线希望、曙光；shopping list购物清单。根据“in difficult situations”可知，此处指在困境中看到积极的一面。“silver lining”源自谚语“Every cloud has a silver lining”，意思是“黑暗中总有一线光明、祸中必有福”，因此“silver lining”专指逆境中的希望，贴合本句语境。 7. —Excuse me, can I ask you more facts about bees? —Sure. ________ ask anything you want—I’m always here to help. A. Feel free to B. Get ready for C. Try hard on D. Be afraid of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我能问你更多关于蜜蜂的事实吗？——当然。随意问任何你想问的——我一直在这里帮忙。 Feel free to随意做某事；Get ready for为……做准备；Try hard on努力于；Be afraid of害怕。根据答句“ask anything you want”可知，此处表示“请随意问”，应填Feel free to。 8. —How did you meet your pen pal from Australia? —We connected ________ when we both joined an online English club. A. on time B. by accident C. at present D. in fact 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你是怎么认识你那位来自澳大利亚的笔友的？——我们是在都加入了一个在线英语俱乐部时偶然相遇的。 on time准时；by accident偶然/意外地；at present目前/现在；in fact事实上。根据问句“How did you meet...？”询问相识的方式，答句表示两人因同时加入俱乐部而偶然相遇，应用by accident，表示“偶然地/不经意地”。 9. —We should ________ animals and plants because they play an important role in our world. —Of course, it’s our duty. A. pack up B. think of C. care about D. look at 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们应该关心动植物，因为它们在我们的世界中扮演着重要的角色。——当然，这是我们的责任。 pack up收拾行李；think of想起；care about关心，在意；look at看。根据答语“Of course, it’s our duty.”及原因状语从句“because they play an important role in our world”可知，动植物很重要，保护它们是大家的责任，因此空格处应填入表示“关心、爱护”之意的短语，care about符合语境。 10. —David, what’s the meaning of “Like bamboo after spring rain, we grow taller overnight”? —It tells us ________. A. where does bamboo grow the fastest B. when is the best season for planting C. why growth only happens in nature D. how we can grow taller and stronger 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——戴维，“雨后春笋，一夜长高”是什么意思？——它告诉我们如何能长得更高更强壮。 where does bamboo grow the fastest竹子在哪里长得最快（询问地点）；when is the best season for planting什么时候是种植的最佳季节（询问时间）；why growth only happens in nature为什么生长只发生在自然界（询问原因）；how we can grow taller and stronger我们如何能长得更高更强壮（询问方式/方法）。根据问句中的比喻可知，这里用竹子雨后迅速生长来比喻人的成长，强调的是成长的方式，即“我们如何能长得更高更强壮”，应填how we can grow taller and stronger。此外，宾语从句需用陈述语序，A、B均为疑问语序，可直接排除。 三、完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Colby’s mind, being with a firefighter would be like an action movie — fire trucks and danger. However, he didn’t know that it could be so ____11____ . He had nothing to do. Just then, Dad took another phone call. “Sorry about that,” Dad said, ____12____ the phone. “I had to plan some training. Ready for a ride?” “Sure!” Colby replied. Colby ____13____ his dad to the car. “Not the fire trucks,” he felt a bit ____14____ . “Just picking up lunch.” Dad smiled. “After that, I have to recheck the gear (装备) .” Dad ____15____ to the firefighting suits (消防服) . Colby had heard so many stories about firefighters, but ____16____ of them were about making phone calls or checking gear. “ ____17____ putting out fires, we do a lot of other things too. And being ready is half the ____18____ .” Dad said. Suddenly, the pager (传呼机) beeped. “Let’s go!” Dad said. “We’ll meet the ____19____ of the team at the scene.” It was a short ride, and ____20____ like an action movie. Colby didn’t see a fire and just watched his dad and other firefighters go into the house. After a few minutes, an ambulance (救护车) arrived. After 10 more minutes, Dad ____21____ to the car. An old woman walked alongside him. “I’m really thankful you got here so ____22____ , ” the woman said. Then she turned to me, and said, “Your dad is a ____23____ !” Colby had no idea what to say. But he knew that his dad was ____24____ — being ready was important. It saved someone’s life! As they drove away, Dad said, “I know you were ____25____ for more excitement today.” “Being a firefighter isn’t all about putting out fires, right? Being ready for anything is as important as that,” Colby smiled. 11. A. tiring B. boring C. lazy D. loud 12. A. cleaning up B. taking up C. hanging up D. giving up 13. A. followed B. invited C. touched D. taught 14. A. nervous B. disappointed C. outgoing D. pleased 15. A. agreed B. pointed C. talked D. listened 16. A. both B. all C. neither D. none 17. A. About B. Above C. Besides D. Below 18. A. job B. prizes C. block D. games 19. A. truck B. rest C. train D. whole 20. A. anywhere B. nowhere C. anything D. nothing 21. A. agreed B. returned C. smiled D. shouted 22. A. alone B. easily C. safely D. quickly 23. A. hero B. driver C. actor D. doctor 24. A. forgetful B. strict C. right D. direct 25. A. hoping B. asking C. paying D. heading 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Colby跟随消防员爸爸体验工作，起初觉得无聊，后来通过一次出警任务，明白了时刻准备的重要性。 【11题详解】 句意：然而，他不知道它会如此无聊。 根据“He had nothing to do”可知，他没事做，因此感觉应该是无聊的。boring无聊的，符合语境。tiring累的；lazy懒惰的；loud大声的，均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：“抱歉，刚挂断电话。我得安排一些训练，想兜兜风吗？” 爸爸说道。 根据“took another phone call”及说完话后的动作，可知是挂断电话，hanging up挂断，符合语境。cleaning up清理；taking up开始从事，占据；giving up放弃，均不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：Colby跟着爸爸走向车子。 根据爸爸问“Ready for a ride?”’及‘“Sure!’Colby replied.”可知，爸爸邀请Colby一同出门，科尔比答应后跟着爸爸走到车边。followed跟随，符合语境。invited邀请；touched触摸，感动；taught教，均不符合语境。 【14题详解】 句意：“不是消防车，” 他感到有点失望。 根据前文期待动作电影般的场景，实际坐普通车，心理有落差，disappointed失望的，符合产生落差的心理状态。nervous紧张的；outgoing外向的；pleased高兴的，均不符合当时的心理情况。 【15题详解】 句意：爸爸指向消防服。 根据语境爸爸在介绍装备，配合手势指向suits，pointed指，符合语境。agreed同意；talked交谈；listened听，均不符合语境。 【16题详解】 句意：Colby听过很多消防员的故事，但没有一个故事是关于打电话、检查装备这类琐事的。 stories为复数且多于两个，表示全部否定用none，none没有一个(三者及以上)，符合用法要求。both两者都；all全部都，表示肯定(三者及以上）；neither两者都不，均不符合用法。 【17题详解】 句意：“除了灭火，我们还做很多其他事。” 根据“…putting out fires, we do a lot of other things too.”可知，本句补充说明消防员除救火外还有大量日常工作，besides表示 “除……之外(还有)”，符合语境。About关于，大约；Above在……上面；Below在……下面，均不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：“做好准备是工作的一半。” 根据“And being ready is half the…”这句话点明，做好准备是消防员本职工作的重要组成部分，job工作，符合语境。prizes奖品；block街区，块；games游戏，比赛，均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：“我们要去现场和队伍其余的同事汇合。” 根据‘“Let’s go!’Dad said. ‘We’ll meet the … of the team at the scene.”’提示，此处指“要在现场与剩下的成员汇合”，the rest of“剩下的”，固定搭配，rest剩余部分，符合语境。truck卡车；train火车；whole整个的，均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：车程很短，一点都不像动作电影。 根据“Colby didn’t see a fire” 可知，全程没有出现科尔比想象里惊险的救火画面，nothing like表示“完全不像”，nothing没有什么，符合语境。anywhere在任何地方；nowhere无处；anything任何事物，均不符合语境。 【21题详解】 句意：十分钟过后，爸爸回到了车旁。 根据前文进屋救人，现在出来回到车边，用returned“ 返回”，符合情境。agreed同意；smiled微笑；shouted大喊，均不符合情境。 【22题详解】 句意：“真的太感谢你们这么快赶到，” 这位妇人说道。 根据‘“I’m really thankful you got here so…’ the woman said.”可知，发生险情时，群众会感激消防员迅速抵达现场施救。紧急救援场景，感谢的是速度快，quickly快速地，符合语境。alone独自；easily容易地；safely安全地，均不符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：随后她转向我，说道：“你的爸爸是一位英雄！” 根据“Then she turned to me, and said, ‘Your dad is a …”’ 可知，消防员及时赶来救人，老妇人发自内心称赞他是英雄，hero英雄，符合对当时人物的称赞。driver司机；actor演员；doctor医生，均不符合语境。 【24题详解】 句意：但他明白爸爸是对的——做好准备至关重要，这份准备挽救了一条生命。 根据“being ready was important. It saved someone’s life!”可知，父亲反复强调提前准备很重要，此刻科尔比亲眼见证后认同了父亲的观点，所以爸爸是对的，right正确的，符合语境。forgetful健忘的；strict严格的；direct直接的，均不符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：开车离开时，爸爸说道：“我知道你今天原本盼着能见到更多刺激的场面。” 根据“In Colby’s mind, being with a firefighter would be like an action movie — fire trucks and danger. ”可知，开头交代了，Colby满心期待惊险刺激的救火画面，父亲看出他今天有些失望，知道Colby原本期待更多激动场景。hope期待，符合语境。asking询问；paying支付；heading前往，朝……行进，不符合语境。 四、阅读理解 阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Trees Don’t Touch Have you ever looked up at a forest and noticed something strange? The tops of the trees never touch each other—they leave small space, like shy neighbors keeping a polite distance. This is “crown shyness”. Instead of fighting for space, trees grow carefully to avoid crowding. So everyone gets enough sunlight and air. Isn’t that wonderful? Pure from Mud The lotus flower grows straight from the muddy water. It rises cleanly from the mud (泥) , untouched by the dirt around it. This is like a person with strong principles (原则). They are honest and straightforward. They keep away from mess. They stay pure (纯净) and simple, as well focused on doing what is right. ________ Have you heard of a tree that can walk? Meet the “walking” plant, a real-life wonder! When this plant feels thirsty, it pulls its roots from the soil and curls (卷曲) into a ball. Then, the wind rolls it away searching for water. Once it finds a wet place, it stops and plants itself again. Scientists say this isn’t just luck — it’s nature’s clever design for survival. 26. In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A. HEALTH. B. TRAVEL. C. NATURE. D. EDUCATION. 27. What does the underlined phrase “crown shyness” refer to? A. Avoiding sunlight. B. Fighting for air. C. Touching each other. D. Keeping a distance. 28. Which is the similarity between the lotus and people with principles? A. Walking around. B. Keeping pure. C. Rising from east. D. Growing in mud. 29. The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A. “Walking” for Water B. Searching for Places C. Fast-growing Plants D. Wind and Plants 30. What does the above news focus on? A. Personal space. B. Amazing plants. C. Strong principles. D. Lucky designs. 【答案】26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文分别介绍了植物的三种奇妙现象：树冠羞避（树木保持距离避免拥挤）、莲花出淤泥而不染、风滚草“行走”寻水，展现了自然界的神奇设计。 【26题详解】 本文介绍树冠羞避、莲花和风滚草等植物现象，属于自然类内容，因此最可能出现在报纸的“NATURE”板块。 【27题详解】 由第一段“The tops of the trees never touch each other—they leave small space, like shy neighbors keeping a polite distance... trees grow carefully to avoid crowding”可知，前文描述了一个现象：树顶之间从不相互接触，留出小空间，像害羞的邻居保持礼貌的距离。随后指出“This is ‘crown shyness’”，说明“crown shyness”就是指这一现象。后文进一步解释：树木不是争夺空间，而是小心生长以避免拥挤，从而让每棵树都能获得充足的阳光和空气。因此“crown shyness”指的是树木彼此保持距离。 【28题详解】 由第二段“The lotus flower grows straight from the muddy water. It rises cleanly from the mud, untouched by the dirt around it. This is like a person with strong principles. They are honest and straightforward... stay pure”可知，莲花与有原则的人的共同点是“保持纯净”。 【29题详解】 第三段讲述了风滚草在缺水时拔出根系、随风滚动寻找水源的故事，因此最佳小标题为“‘Walking’ for Water”。 【30题详解】 全文围绕植物的奇妙现象展开，介绍了树冠羞避、出淤泥而不染的莲花、会“行走”的风滚草，因此聚焦于“神奇的植物”。 B Ivy, a new student with hearing aids, was known as “the quiet girl”—she drew alone during breaks, wrote answers instead of speaking, and never smiled. Class monitor Mia noticed her hidden feelings in her drawings and decided to do something. Before the school art festival’s poetry recital (诗朗诵), Mia planned to add sign language and asked Ivy to teach her. “I can’t,” she wrote anxiously. But Mia started learning sign language herself, and her funny movements even made Ivy smile. Weeks before the poetry recital, Mia practiced sign language daily. One break, Ivy saw Mia learn to express “bravery”. And Mia got it right. From then on, Ivy was encouraged to join the poetry recital. However, Ivy was nervous and wrote, “What if I mess up? Everyone will see.” Mia said, “I’ll be with you.” Soon, other classmates noticed and asked her to teach them sign language. On the festival day, Mia recited emotionally (有感情地) while Ivy signed smoothly, even whispering softly. Their performance won loud applause (掌声), and classmates gave sign language “thumbs-up”. Later, no one called Ivy “the quiet girl”. She still liked drawing, but she also enjoyed “talking” with friends with sign language. She knew Mia was right—the loudest voice can be spoken without a single word. True courage begins when we accept what makes us different and show who we are bravely. 31. Why was Ivy called “the quiet girl” in the new school? A. She wasn’t welcome in the new class. B. She always kept silent and drew alone. C. She was busy talking during breaks. D. She was too shy to answer questions. 32. To help Ivy, what did Mia do at first? A. She taught Ivy to recite poems. B. She expressed her feelings in words. C. She asked other classmates for help. D. She learned sign language by herself. 33. Which word can best describe Mia? A. Helpful. B. Strict. C. Honest. D. Quiet. 34. What might Ivy do after the festival? A. She will learn sign language. B. She may communicate more with friends. C. She will start speaking loudly. D. She may refuse to answer questions. 35. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Beauty of Poetry B. Magic of Drawing C. Signs of Bravery D. Secrets of Language 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了班长Mia注意到患有听力障碍的新同学Ivy的孤独，通过学习手语鼓励Ivy共同参加诗朗诵表演，最终帮助Ivy融入集体并找到自信的温暖故事。 【31题详解】 第一段内容“Ivy, a new student with hearing aids, was known as ‘the quiet girl’—she drew alone during breaks, wrote answers instead of speaking, and never smiled.”表明，Ivy被称为“安静的女孩”是因为她总是保持沉默且独自画画。 【32题详解】 第二段内容“But Mia started learning sign language herself, and her funny movements even made Ivy smile.”说明，为了帮助Ivy，Mia起初是自己开始学习手语。 【33题详解】 纵观全文，Mia主动关注Ivy的情绪，学习手语鼓励Ivy参与表演，并陪伴她克服紧张，这些行为体现了Mia乐于助人（Helpful）的品质。 【34题详解】 最后一段内容“She still liked drawing, but she also enjoyed ‘talking’ with friends with sign language.”指出，艺术节后Ivy开始享受用手语与朋友交流，说明她可能会与朋友更多地沟通。 【35题详解】 文章围绕手语（Signs）展开，讲述了Ivy在手语表演中展现出的勇气（Bravery），且文末提到“True courage begins when we accept what makes us different”，因此“Signs of Bravery”既指手语也指勇气的标志，最适合作为标题。 C Many of us learn how to ride a bicycle at a young age. As we grow older, we may stop riding. But whenever we get on a bicycle, it’s like we’ve never stopped biking. This is strange. We often find it hard to remember the name of a person or a place. So why can we still ride a bicycle after we stopped riding a long time ago? It turns out that there are many types of memory. They are stored in different parts of our brains. Memories of experiences (e.g., our first day at school) and of factual knowledge (e.g., the capital of France) are called declarative memories①. Skills such as playing an instrument or riding a bike are called procedural memories②. These memories are responsible for our performance. There was an experiment on different memory types by Molaison with a brain problem. In an operation, part of his brain was taken away. After that, the man suffered less from the illness. But there was a new problem — he couldn’t remember things! What went wrong with Molaison’s memory system? Scientists found he could learn new skills, though slowly. However, he could never remember having been trained to learn a new skill. In other words, Molaison could develop new procedural memories, but not declarative memories. Scientists have concluded that even with serious brain problems, procedural memories last much longer. However, they haven’t yet found out why. Now, “just like riding a bicycle” has been used as an idiom. Can you guess its meaning? Yes, people use it to describe a skill that ★ . Notes: ①declarative memories 陈述性记忆; ②procedural memories 程序性记忆 36. What makes the author feel strange according to paragraph 1? A. People can still ride bikes well after a long break. B. Students learn how to ride a bike at a young age. C. It’s difficult to remember people’s names or places. D. Most people give up riding bikes when growing up. 37. Which of the following belongs to declarative memories? A. Wuhan is the capital of Hubei. B. How to swim in the Yangtze River. C. Be able to repair a bike by oneself. D. Learn how to use a mobile phone. 38. Why is Molaison mentioned in the passage? A. To show that the brain problem can be solved. B. To compare these two types of memory. C. To tell readers about a famous patient. D. To explain how to do memory experiments. 39. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. is very easy to learn quickly B. most children can master well C. needs a lot of practice every day D. is once learned but never forgotten 40. What would be the best theme (主题) picture of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们一旦学会骑自行车就不会忘记，就此科学家展开研究，发现人的程序性记忆更长久。 【36题详解】 根据第一段“But whenever we get on a bicycle, it’s like we’ve never stopped biking. This is strange.”可知，人们即使长时间没有骑车，之后仍然可以很好地骑行，这一现象让作者感到奇怪。 【37题详解】 根据第二段“Memories of experiences (e. g., our first day at school) and of factual knowledge (e. g., the capital of France) are called declarative memories.”可知，对经历和事实性知识的记忆被称为陈述性记忆。A项（武汉是湖北省的省会）属于事实性知识。 【38题详解】 文章以莫莱森的经历为例，讲述了他能够学习新技能，但却无法回忆起自己曾接受过学习新技能的训练。由此发现莫莱森可以形成新的程序性记忆，无法形成陈述性记忆。目的主要是比较这两种类型的记忆。 【39题详解】 根据最后一段“Now, ‘just like riding a bicycle’ has been used as an idiom…people use it to describe a skill that…”可以推测，人们用这个习语来形容一种一旦学会却永远不会忘记的技能。 【40题详解】 全文主要介绍了陈述性记忆和程序性记忆两种记忆类型，即文章主题是围绕记忆类型展开的，C项图片最符合中心主题。 第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共40分) 五、词与短语填空 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。 (提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。) look up / flowers / amazing / colors / breaks / sky / sleep Rainbows are all about light and water working together. The white light from the sun is made up of many different ____41____. When sunlight shines through raindrops, something ____42____ happens! The light slows down and bends. Inside the raindrop, the light ____43____ into its different colors and the colors reflect. These colors spread out and create the beautiful arc (弧形) in the ____44____. That’s how the rainbow happens. If you ____45____ after the rain, maybe you’ll see a rainbow. 【答案】41. colors 42. amazing 43. breaks 44. sky 45. look up 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，文章主要介绍彩虹是阳光和水珠共同作用形成的，并讲解了彩虹的形成原理。 【41题详解】 句意：来自太阳的白光是由许多不同的颜色构成的。根据后文“Inside the raindrop, the light breaks into its different colors”可知，白光由多种颜色组成，备选词colors“颜色”，符合语境，many different后接可数名词复数。 【42题详解】 句意：当阳光穿过雨滴时，一件奇妙的事情发生了！根据彩虹形成的奇妙光学现象，此处需要形容词修饰不定代词something，备选词amazing“令人惊奇的”，符合语境。 【43题详解】 句意：在雨滴内部，光线分解成不同的色彩，各色光发生反射。根据光线在雨滴中拆分出各色光的原理，固定搭配break into表示分解，主语the light为单数，全文是一般现在时，动词使用第三人称单数形式，备选词breaks“拆分、分解”，符合语境。 【44题详解】 句意：这些色彩散开，在天空中形成漂亮的弧形。根据生活常识彩虹出现在天空，备选词sky“天空”，in the sky为固定搭配，符合语境。 【45题详解】 句意：如果你雨后抬头看，或许就能看见彩虹。根据想要看见彩虹需要抬头望向天空的语境，备选短语look up“抬头看”，if引导条件状语从句，主语为you，谓语用动词原形，符合语境。 六、综合填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Chrysanthemums (菊花) are called the noble flower of autumn winds. When autumn ____46____ (come) , it paints the world gold, and chrysanthemums join the season’s show. They stand for ____47____ (healthy) , peace, and quiet strength. Ancient Chinese added their leaves to salads, soups, and teas. Chrysanthemum tea is still popular today. It is said to help with headaches ____48____ high blood pressure. The flowers are also used in stir fries (炒菜) and hot pot to make dishes smell and taste ____49____ (good) than before. Chrysanthemums have long won the ____50____ (heart) of Chinese poets for centuries. They bloom in late autumn, standing ____51____ (brave) in the cold wind. Also, ____52____ (they) quiet beauty gave many poets inspiration (灵感) . Poets ____53____ (write) about them to celebrate calm, patience, and a simple life. One of ____54____ most famous poets — Tao Yuanming wrote, “I pick fence-side asters at will; Carefree, I see the southern hill.” If you look ____55____ Chinese art, you’ll find chrysanthemums everywhere. Whether in art, poetry, or festivals, they stand for a noble spirit and calm beauty. 【答案】46. comes 47. health 48. and 49. better 50. hearts 51. bravely 52. their 53. wrote 54. the 55. at##into##through 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了菊花在中国文化中的象征意义、药用价值、饮食用途及其在诗歌和艺术中的重要地位。 【46题详解】 句意：当秋天来临时，它将世界染成金色，菊花也加入了季节的盛宴。此处When引导时间状语从句中，主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时表示将来，主语autumn为第三人称单数，come的三单形式为comes，故填comes。 【47题详解】 句意：它们代表着健康、和平和宁静的力量。介词for后需接名词作宾语，healthy的名词形式为health，意为“健康”，故填health。 【48题详解】 句意：据说它有助于缓解头痛和高血压。“headaches”和“high blood pressure”并列，连接两个并列的名词短语，用and。 【49题详解】 句意：菊花也用于炒菜和火锅中，使菜肴闻起来和尝起来比以前更好。标志词than提示用比较级，good的比较级为better，故填better。 【50题详解】 句意：几个世纪以来，菊花一直深受中国诗人的喜爱。此处表示“赢得诗人们的心”，用复数hearts表示泛指多位诗人的心，故填hearts。 【51题详解】 句意：它们在深秋绽放，勇敢地伫立在寒风中。修饰动词standing需用副词，brave的副词形式为bravely，意为“勇敢地”，故填bravely。 【52题详解】 句意：此外，它们宁静的美给许多诗人带来了灵感。修饰名词beauty需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。 【53题详解】 句意：诗人们写诗赞美它们，歌颂平静、耐心和简单的生活。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，write的过去式是wrote。 【54题详解】 句意：最著名的诗人之一——陶渊明写道：“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。”“one of+the+形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”，故填定冠词the。 【55题详解】 句意：如果你看看中国艺术，你会发现菊花无处不在。/如果你审视中国艺术，你会发现菊花无处不在。/如果你纵览中国艺术，你会发现菊花无处不在。look at意为“看”，强调把目光投向中国艺术（这个领域），用介词at。“look into”意为“关注、研究”，强调深入研究中国艺术，用介词into。look through意为“仔细查看、浏览”，强调把中国艺术的整个范畴都翻看一遍，用介词through。 七、书面表达(共1大题，满分20分) 56. 学校英文报正在征集以“我最喜欢的动植物”为主题的征文。假如你是李欣，请选择一种动物或植物，并根据以下提示问题，写一篇英语短文。 What is its name? Where does it live/grow? What are some interesting facts about it? Something more about your favorite animal/plant. 注意：文中不得透露个人真实信息、词数100词左右 (请把标题补全) 。 My Favorite ________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： My Favorite Plant My favorite plant is bamboo, which combines beauty and strength. It grows in warm and wet places like southern China. Bamboo has straight and hollow stems. It grows surprisingly fast and stays green all year round. Bamboo is also very useful. People use it to make tools and instruments. In Chinese culture, it’s a symbol of goodness. Poets and painters have loved bamboo for years, using it to show their love for nature and noble spirits. I love bamboo not just for its beauty, but for the great meanings it carries. It teaches me to be strong and modest. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，一般现在时为主 明确要点：最喜欢的动物/植物的名称及其生长地/栖息地、关于它的有趣事实、关于它的更多内容 确定人称：第三人称为主 注意事项：文中不得透露个人真实信息、词数100词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开门见山，介绍你最喜欢的动物/植物的名称，以及它的生长地/栖息地； 主体段：具体阐述关于它的有趣事实和更多相关内容； 结尾段：总结全文，表达喜爱。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：最喜欢的动物/植物的名称及其生长地/栖息地 名称：bamboo/panda等 生长地/栖息地：grow in warm and wet places/live on an island/live in the forest等 要点二：关于它的有趣事实 外在特征：straight/hollow stems/cute and round face/beautiful eyes等 其他特征：stay green all year long/grow fast/run fast等 要点三：关于它的更多内容 使用价值：use it to make tools and instruments/make paper and useful things等 文化内涵：a symbol of goodness/symbolize peace等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $