期末复习Unit5知识点（背诵+默写）+基础知识测试2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 以自然灾害主题为载体，系统整合词汇（词性转换/固定搭配）、短语、语法（过去进行时及when/while用法）及句型，通过讲练结合提升语言理解与表达能力，培养分析应用的思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识点整理|23单词/11短语/2语法/8句型|过去进行时"was/were+现在分词"结构；when接短/延续性动词，while接延续性动词表同时进行；固定搭配如"have trouble doing sth."|从词汇（音形义/转换）到短语，再到语法规则，最后通过句型应用实现从基础到综合的逻辑递进| |基础测试题|30选择/30填空/10完成句子|通过语境辨析时态（如过去进行时vs一般过去时）、固定搭配及词性转换（如report→reporter）|以核心语法和主题词汇为轴，通过不同题型考查知识迁移与实际运用能力，强化语言能力与学习策略|

八年级英语下册unit5知识点整理 一、重点单词 1. earthquake (n.) 地震 2. wildfire (n.) 野火 3. flood (n.) 洪水，水灾；（v.） 泛滥，淹没 4. drought (n.) 旱灾，干旱 5. warn (v.) 警告，提醒 warn sb.of sth.warn sb. to do sth. 6. interview (n.v.) 采访，面试 interview → interviewer (n.) 采访者，面试官 interview → interviewee (n.) 被采访者，被面试者 7. neighbourhood (n.) 街区，附近 8. nearly (adv.) 几乎，差不多 9. report (v.) 报道，汇报 → reporter (n.) 记者 10. trouble (n.) 苦恼，困难 固定短语：have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 11.relative (n.) 亲戚，亲属 12.prepare (v.) 准备→preparation (n.) 准备工作 make preparations做准备 13.power (n.) 电力，能量 → powerful (adj.) 强大的，有力量的 14.soundly (adv.) 酣睡地，充分地 15.beat (v.) 敲打，击败 （beat/beaten） 16.hide (v.) 躲藏，隐藏 (hid/hidden) 17.bad (adj.) 糟糕的；badly (adv.) 严重地，糟糕地 bad/badly → worse （比较级） → worst （最高级） 18.unfortunately (adv.) 不幸地 ↔ fortunately (adv.) 幸运地 19.refuse (v.) 拒绝 固定短语：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 20.thank (v.n.) 感谢→ thankful (adj.) 感激的 → thankfully (adv.) 幸运地，感激地 21.knowledge (n.) 知识 22.hero (n.) 英雄 → heroes （复数） 23. usual (adj.) 通常的→ usually (adv.) 通常 → unusual (adj.) 不寻常的 二 、重点短语 1.do chores 做家务 2.slow down 减速，慢下来 3.come off 脱落，掉落 4.make preparations for 为……做准备 5.as soon as 一……就…… 6.alarm clock 闹钟 7.go off （闹钟、警报）发出响声 8. all of a sudden 突然 9.by the time 到……时候 10.out of breath 上气不接下气 11.as a result 因此，结果 3、 重点语法 语法项目 结构 用法 过去进行时 was/were + 现在分词 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 when & while 引导时间状语从句 - when：既可接短暂性动词，也可接延续性动词 - while：只能接延续性动词 - when：可表动作同时发生或先后发生 - while：强调两个动作同时进行，从句常用过去进行时。 固定搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 as…as sb. could 尽可能…… 四、重点句型 AB 组 1.She saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out. 她看到浪是涌进来而不是退出去。 2.People should avoid driving during a snowstorm because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads. 人们应该避免在暴风雪天开车，因为很难看清路况。 3.While I was walking home, it began to rain.当我正往回家走的时候，下雨了。 4.When he arrived, we were having class.他到了的时候，我们正在上课。 CD组（基础核心句型） 1.What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 当暴风雨来临时，你正在做什么？ ----I was reading a book at that time. 我那时正在看书。 2.What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? 当下暴雪的时候你们在做什么？ -----We were having dinner at home. 我们正在家中吃饭。 八年级英语下册unit5知识点整理 一、重点单词 1. (n.) 地震 2. (n.) 野火 3. (n.) 洪水，水灾；(v.) 泛滥，淹没 4. (n.) 旱灾，干旱 5. (v.) 警告，提醒 警告某人某事 6. (n./v.) 采访，面试 interview → interviewer (n.) 采访者，面试官 interview → interviewee (n.) 被采访者，被面试者 7. (n.) 街区，附近 8. (adv.) 几乎，差不多 9. (v.) 报道，汇报 → (n.) 记者 10. (n.) 苦恼，困难 固定短语： 做某事有困难 11. (n.) 亲戚，亲属 12. (v.) 准备→ (n.) 准备工作 做准备 13. (n.) 电力，能量 → (adj.) 强大的，有力量的 14. (adv.) 酣睡地，充分地 15. (v.) 敲打，击败 （ /beaten） 16. (v.) 躲藏，隐藏 ( /hidden) 17.bad (adj.) 糟糕的； (adv.) 严重地，糟糕地 bad/badly → (比较级) → (最高级) 18. (adv.) 不幸地 ↔ (adv.) 幸运地 19. (v.) 拒绝 固定短语： . 拒绝做某事 20.thank (v./n.) 感谢→ (adj.) 感激的 → (adv.) 幸运地，感激地 21. (n.) 知识 22.hero (n.) 英雄 → (复数) 23. usual (adj.) 通常的→ (adv.) 通常 → (adj.) 不寻常的 二 、重点短语 1. 做家务 2. 减速，慢下来 3. 脱落，掉落 4. 为……做准备 5. 一……就…… 6. 闹钟 7. （闹钟、警报）发出响声 8. 突然 9. 到……时候 10. 上气不接下气 11. 因此，结果 4、 重点语法 语法项目 结构 用法 过去进行时 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 when & while 引导时间状语从句 - when：既可接 动词，也可接 动词 - while：只能接 动词 - when：可表动作 - while：强调两个动作 ，从句常用 。 固定搭配： 做某事有困难 警告某人某事 拒绝做某事 尽可能…… 四、重点句型 AB 组 1.She saw that the waves （come） in instead of going out.她看到浪是涌进来而不是退出去。 2.People should avoid (drive) during a snowstorm because it can be very difficult (see) clearly on the roads.人们应该避免在暴风雪天开车，因为很难看清路况。 3.While I (walk) home, it began to rain.当我正往回家走的时候，下雨了。 4.When he (arrive), we (have) class.他到了的时候，我们正在上课。 CD组（基础核心句型） 1.------What you when the rainstorm came? 当暴风雨来临时，你正在做什么？ ----I (read) a book at that time. 我那时正在看书。 2.What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? 当下暴雪的时候你们在做什么？ -----We (have) dinner at home. 我们正在家中吃饭。 八年级下册英语Unit5基础测试题 1、 选择题 ( )1. Lucy's father works as a reporter. Last week, he had ______ interview with a famous scientist. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )2. The little girl had no trouble ______ the way home. She has a great sense of direction. A. find B. to find C. finding D. found ( )3. The firefighters managed to ______ the child from the burning building. A. avoid B. rescue C. hide D. run ( )4. The math exam was ______ difficult that most students failed. A. nearly B. hardly C. luckily D. terribly ( )5. The earthquake happened ______ the early morning of April 20th. A. in B. on C. at D. for ( )6. — Whose phone is this? Is it ______? — No, ______ is white. Maybe it's Linda's. A. your; my B. yours; mine C. you; me D. yourself; myself ( )7. After running to the neighbourhood to ask for help, she was out of ______. A. breath B. control C. danger D. trouble ( )8. The guide warned the tourists ______ the dangers of hiking alone in the mountains. A. for B. with C. of D. to ( )9. —What ______ you ______ during the snowstorm? —I was staying in a hotel. A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. will; do ( )10. It rained heavily for three days. ______, the streets got flooded. A. However B. As a result C. For example D. In fact ( )11. The sky was covered with ______ dark clouds, and soon it began to rain heavily. A. thin B. thick C. high D. bright ( )12. —What's your plan for the coming summer holiday? —Pardon? Sorry, I ______ about something else. A. think B. thought C. will think D. was thinking ( )13. We are sure we can ______ them and ______ the match. A. win; beat B. beat; beat C. beat; win D. win; win ( )14. When you see someone ______, it's kind to offer help instead of laughing. A. in trouble B. in danger C. in surprise D. in fact ( )15. — Scientists say that blue and green can make us feel calm and relaxed. — Exactly. Colours have the ______ to change our feelings and moods. A. power B. right C. sense D. choice ( )16. —She ______ to accept the gift because it was too expensive. —That's a wise choice. A. decided B. hoped C. refused D. agreed ( )17. My father was watching TV ______ my mother was cooking. A. when B. until C. while D. so ( )18. The security guard rushed to warn people off the beach ______ he heard about the tsunami. A. as soon as B. while C. until D. since ( )19. She eats everything ______ seafood, because she's allergic to it. A. except B. except for C. besides D. beside ( )20. I ______ for the coming exam in the library at that time, so I didn't hear my phone ring. A. review B. am reviewing C. was reviewing D. have reviewed ( )21. -I'm going to climb the mountain tomorrow. -______ the weather report says it will be rainy. A. Sounds great! B. Be careful! C. I'm sorry to hear that. D. Good luck! ( )22. While the girl ______ with a toy, her mother came back. A. plays B. played C. was playing D. is playing ( )23. Mum, look at the heavy rain outside! The weather report says it will ______ the whole morning. A. rain cats and dogs B. be as busy as a bee C. be a black sheep D. be a white elephant ( )24. Lucy was ______ late for school this morning, but luckily, she arrived just as the bell rang. A. nearly B. hardly C. mostly D. certainly ( )25. My alarm clock didn't go off this morning, so I ______ late. A. woke up B. waked up C. wake up D. am waking up ( )26. We planned to have a picnic in the park. ______, it rained heavily the whole day. A. Luckily B. Unfortunately C. Hopefully D. Suddenly ( )27. The earthquake was ______ strong ______ people couldn’t stand properly. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. very; that ( )28. During the summer vacation, Tom volunteered ______ English at a village school. A. to teach B. teach C. teaching D. taught ( )29. I ______ a letter to my friend when the lights suddenly went out. A. wrote B. was writing C. am writing D. write ( )30. The poster on the wall ______ because of the wind. A. came out B. came off C. came over D. came up 2、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Listen! The ______ (report) is reporting on our football match on the radio. 2. If it keeps raining, the river will run over and our village will get ______ (flood). 3. The teacher warned the students ______ (not swim) in the river alone. 4. A big fire happened in a ______ (neighbour) in Nanjing caused by an e-bike's battery. 5. This was the ______ (bad) snowstorm in our city's history, with snow as deep as one meter. 6. The students are busy with the ______ (prepare) for the school play. 7. The storm came ______ (sudden), and everyone rushed to close the windows. 8. Self-driving cars may ______ (possible) take the place of human drivers in the future. 9. Mr. Zhang asks his kids to do ______ (chore) so that they can develop their independence. 10. It's dangerous ______ (stand) under a tall tree when the lightning happens. 11. —I called you at 8:00 this morning, but no one answered. —Oh, I ______ (have) a meeting then. 12. ______ (thank), the rain stopped before the match started, and all the players were able to play outside. 13. My mother ______ (cook) dinner while my father ______ (watch) TV at 8:00 last night. 14. He was ______ (lucky) yesterday because he missed the bus and then fell off his bike. 15. The strong wind ______ (beat) against the trees during the typhoon last night. 16. After a long day of hiking, the children slept very ______ (sound) until the next morning. 17. She ______ (play) chess with her brother at 8 o'clock last night. 18. We spent the whole afternoon at my __________ (relative) farm and had great fun. 19. My little brother wants to be a firefighter because he thinks they are great ______ (hero). 20. Thanks to her knowledge and quick ______ (think), the girl saved herself during the tsunami. 21. When Mom came back home, she found her little son ______ (draw) pictures on the wall with crayons. 22. We were walking in the park when, all of a ______ (sudden), it started to rain heavily. 23. What ______ you ______ (do) when the lightning appeared? 24. Although it was raining hard, the firemen refused ______ (give) up saving people. 25. After the flood, the government provided ______ (supply) of food and water for the affected people. 26. Some students ______ (play) basketball when I ______ (see) them on the playground. 27. We ____________ (drive) home when the strong winds started. 28. My mother ____________ (prepare) dinner in the kitchen at this time yesterday. 29. Many people ____________ (have) dinner at the time of the typhoon. 30. After the terrible flood, many kind people volunteer ______ (clean) dirty streets and houses. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我们应该为自然灾害做好准备。 We should ______ ______ for the natural disasters. 2. 生活在大城市的人们有时需要慢下来，享受生活。 People living in big cities sometimes need to ______ ______ and enjoy life. 3. 保安看到了烟雾，立刻冲进了大楼。 The ______ ______ saw the smoke and rushed into the building immediately. 4.她一打开窗户，小鸟就飞走了。 The bird flew away ______ ______ ______ she opened the window. 5.今天早上我的闹钟没有像往常一样响，所以我醒来时已经八点了。 My alarm clock didn't ______ ______ as usual this morning, so I didn't wake up until 8 o'clock. 6. 我正在街上走着，突然下起了大雨。 I was walking down the street when, ______ ______ ______ ______ , it started to rain heavily. 7.我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。 ______ ______ ______ we got to the station, the train had already left. 8.他上气不接下气地赶到车站，还是没赶上火车。 He arrived at the station ______ ______ ______, but still missed the train. 9.上周那个地区发生了地震。结果，成千上万的人失去了家园。 An earthquake hit that area last week. ______ ______ ______, thousands of people lost their homes. 10.做家务可以帮助孩子们学会独立。 ______ ______ helps children learn to be independent. 参考答案 一、1-5 BCBBB 6-10 BACCB 11-15 BDCAA 16-20 CCABC 21-25 BCAAA 26-30 BBABB 二、1.reporter 2.flooded 3.not to swim 4.neighbourhood 5.worst 6.preparations 7.Suddenly 8.possibly 9.chores 10.to stand 11.was having 12.Thankfully 13.was cooking, was watching 14.unlucky 15.beat 16.soundly 17.was playing 18.relative’s 19.heroes 20.thinking 21.was drawing 22.sudden 23.were, doing 24.to give 25.supplies 26.were playing , saw 27.were driving 28.was preparing 29.were having 30.to clean 三、1.get ready 2.slow down 3.security guard 4.as soon as 5.go off 6.All of a sudden 7.By the time 8.out of breath 9.As a result 10.Doing chores 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $