第2讲 Unit 2核心语法：复合不定代词（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材沪教版五四制

第02讲 U2核心语法：复合不定代词 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 掌握四类复合不定代词含义与指代 2. 区分不同句式中不定代词用法 3. 熟练运用代词+形容词后置结构 4. 语境灵活解题、完成句型写作 学习重点 1. some/any/no/every 代词核心用法 2. 形容词后置、主谓单数必考规则 3. 不定代词高频同义转换 4. else后置修饰、代词所有格用法 学习难点 1. 特殊问句中some/any语境辨析 2. 区分完全否定与部分否定语义 3. 规避双重否定、句式搭配错误 4. 复杂语境中精准选用不定代词 语法知识精讲 前缀类别 指代人/物 常见代词 核心用法规则 易错提醒（★必记） some- 指代人 somebody/someone（某人） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “某个（人）”；2. 用于表请求 / 希望得到肯定回答的疑问句（如 Would you...?） 不可用于否定句，否定句需换为 any - 类代词 指代物 something（某物） 1. 用法同 “指代人”（肯定句 / 表请求的疑问句）； 2. 修饰词（形容词 / 副词）放后面 正确：something interesting（有趣的事）错误：interesting something any- 指代人 anybody/anyone（任何人） 1. 用于否定句 / 疑问句，表 “任何（人）”； 2. 用于肯定句表 “任一（人）”（如 Anybody can do it.） 回答 “Who...” 时，不可用 anybody 直接表否定，需用 no one 指代物 anything（任何物） 1. 用法同 “指代人”（否定句 / 疑问句 / 肯定句表 “任一”）； 2. 修饰词放后面 “not anything” = “nothing”（例：I have not anything = I have nothing） no- 指代人 nobody/no one（没人） 1. 表完全否定，=“not anybody/anyone”； 2. 用于肯定句形式表否定意义 1. 回答 “Who is there?” 用No one.（不用 Nobody.，更常用）；2. 不可与 not 连用（避免双重否定） 指代物 nothing（没东西） 1. 表完全否定，=“not anything”；2. 用于肯定句形式表否定意义 不可说 “not nothing”，双重否定会表肯定（逻辑错误） every- 指代人 everybody/everyone（所有人） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “全部（人）”，涵盖整体； 2. 强调 “每一个” 的共性 1. 作主语时谓语用单数（Everyone likes it.）；2. 指代单数概念，后接 his/her（不用 their） 指代物 everything（所有物） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “全部（物）”；2. 强调 “每一个事物” 的整体 作主语时谓语用单数（Everything is ready.） 通用规则 —— 所有复合不定代词 1. 均为单数概念，作主语时谓语用单数；2. 修饰词（形容词 / 副词）均放后面 无例外：无论哪个前缀，均遵循 “修饰词后置” 和 “主谓一致（单数）” 原则 语法知识精练 题型一：someone/somebody 【典例】 —The job isn’t very easy, but I’m sure ________ can do it. —I think so. Sandy may do it. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 【即练1】 —I don’t think ________ knows the answer to this question. —Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then. A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one 【即练2】 I can’t help you now. Ask ________ to help you. A．somebody other B．else somebody C．somebody else D．anybody other 【即练3】 —Is there ________ wrong with your computer? —Yes. Can you find ________ to fix it? A．something; someone B．anything; anyone C．something; anyone D．anything; someone 题型二：anyone/anybody 【典例】 —Did you enjoy yourself at the party yesterday, Grace? —No. I didn’t see ________ I knew there, so it was kind of boring. A．somebody B．nobody C．everybody D．anybody 【即练1】 —Whose notebook is this? —It might be ________. I saw her looking for one just now. A．anybody else B．anybody else’s C．other anybody D．other’s anybody 【即练2】 —Is there ________ in the classroom? I need someone to help me carry books. —No, everyone went to the playground just now. A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody 【即练3】 Don’t accept ________ as your online friends if you don’t know their real information. A．something B．anyone C．no one D．everything 题型三：noone/nobody 【典例】 —Is there anyone in the music room now? —No, ________ is there. All students are having PE class on the playground. A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 【即练1】 —The new art program about Mogao Caves is wonderful, but ________ in my class has watched it yet. —Really? We should recommend it to our classmates! A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 【即练2】 —Did you call me yesterday? —Yes, I did. I tried several times, but ________ answered. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【即练3】 Our teacher always tells us ________ can succeed without hard work. A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody 题型四：everyone/everybody 【典例】 We all tried Beijing fermented mung bean juice (豆汁), but not ________ liked it. A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 【即练1】 —Does ________ in your class know how to make it? —Yes. We all learn the way to do it. A．someone B．none C．everyone D．no one 【即练2】 —The film is amazing! It’s the most meaningful film I have ever seen. —I am afraid it is not ________ cup of tea. A．everybody’s B．anybody’s C．somebody’s D．nobody’s 【即练3】 — The movie is so exciting. — Yes, but I don’t think ________ will like it. A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 题型五：不定代词-thing结尾的词类 【典例】 There is _______ wrong with my computer. Can you help me fix it? A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【即练1】 —How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting? —________ at all. He said________. A．Nothing; nothing B．Nothing; none C．None; none D．None; nothing 【即练2】 Ma Lin didn’t watch TV last night, because there wasn’t ________ on it. A．something interesting B．everything interesting C．anything interesting D．nothing interesting 【即练3】 You can order a bit of ________ in this restaurant. It offers different styles of food. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 一、单项选择 1．— I’d like to be a lady like the actress in the poster. She is so pretty. — Oh, dear. You don’t have to be ________. Just be yourself. A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 2．—There is ________ in Tina’s WeChat shop. —So that’s why I decided to buy the present in ________ shop. A．something special; other B．special something; the other C．nothing special; another D．special nothing; others 3．—The classroom is so clean. Who cleaned it? —________. We did it together before leaving school. A．Somebody B．Nobody C．Everybody D．Anybody 4．Tourists enjoy taking a walk under the flower tunnels and almost ________ leaves without taking hundreds of photos. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 5．—Did you see ______ in the teachers’ office when you passed by? —No, the door was closed and the lights were off. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 6．Luckily, ________ died in the accident, but the cause of the accident must be found out. A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 7．Before the new library opened, ________ expected it to become so popular. But it’s so crowded now. A．everybody B．somebody C．nobody D．anybody 8．—Is there ________ who wants to take part in the singing competition? —Lisa. She is good at singing. A．anyone B．anything C．someone D．something 9．President Xi once said, “On the new journey of Chinese development, ________ is a key actor, every effort counts, and every ray of light shines.” A．someone B．none C．no one D．everyone 10．But remember not to climb on those dangerous high rocks carelessly. There is ________ more important than your safety. A．something B．somebody C．nothing D．nobody 11．Wow! That’s really ________. I’m glad you are able to make the most of the break and enjoy yourself. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 12．Welcome to our school library! I’m Jason, the reporter today. I have ________ exciting to share with you. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 13．—Could you check if there is ________ wrong with the smart watch? It won’t turn on. —Sure, let me have a look. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 14．—The best things in life are free. —Yes. Air costs _________, but we can’t live without it. A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 15．I can look after myself. I don’t need to depend on ________ else. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 16．—What an easy exam! It’s the easiest exam I’ve ever taken part in. —But I don’t think ________ can pass it. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 17．—The volunteer work makes me realize that even a small act of kindness can bring ________ great. —Exactly. It’s the little things that matter. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 18．She tells us that anybody ________ make progress. A．is able to B．are able to C．can able to D．be able to 19．Li Ming said he would buy his pop from ________. A．other someone B．other someone C．someone else D．else someone 20．There is ________ in today’s newspaper. Let’s read a storybook instead. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．nothing interesting D．everything interesting 二、完成句子 21．There isn’t anything delicious in this restaurant. There is ________ delicious in this restaurant. 22．现在她和我们班上的每一个人都相处得很好。 Now she is ________  ________ ________ ________ ________ in our class. 23．你不去尝试就永远不知道。 You will never know ________ you ________ ________. 24．医生发现他的身体没有问题。 The doctor found ________ ________ ________ his body. 25．然而，这些天，这里发生了一些不同寻常的事情。(完成译句) However, these days, ________ ________ is happening around here. 26．The box is so big that nobody could move it into the room. (保持句意不变) The box is ________ big for ________ to move into the room. 27．上周Michael发生了一起事故, 但是X光显示没什么严重的。 Michael had an accident last week, but the X-rays showed it was ________ ________. 28．并不是每一个人都了解我们目前面临的困境。 ________ ________ knows about the current difficulties we face. 29．这次经历让我们意识到保护环境需要每个人的努力。 This experience made us realize that protecting the environment requires ________. 30．任何小事情都值得做好，因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 ________ ________ is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 三、语法选择 Have you ever tried a “digital detox (数字排毒)”? It means staying away from your phone, computer or tablet for a certain period of time. Many people 1 this challenge surprisingly difficult at first. A school in Shanghai recently encouraged its students to take part in a weekend digital detox. Before the event started, the teachers 2 the students about the possible benefits and challenges. On the first morning, Tom felt very anxious because he couldn’t check his messages. He 3 to pick up his phone several times. However, he decided to take a walk in the park instead. Without the noise of notifications, he noticed how beautifully the birds 4 in the trees. After lunch, some of his friends came over. They played board games together, which they 5 do often anymore because everyone is usually on their phones. During the detox, many students discovered that they had much more free time than expected. Some read books that 6 on their shelves for months. Others learned to cook simple meals. A girl named Li Wei 7 her room when she suddenly realized how much she enjoyed the quietness. By the end of the weekend, most students felt a sense of achievement. The school decided 8 a monthly “No Screen Sunday” for families who want to continue the practice. Studies show that too much screen time 9 to sleep problems and difficulty focusing. So why not give 10 a break from the digital world? You might be surprised by what you find. 1．A．finds B．found C．will find 2．A．were telling B．had told C．have told 3．A．reaches B．reached C．was reaching 4．A．sing B．sang C．were singing 5．A．don’t B．didn’t C．haven’t 6．A．sat B．were sitting C．had sat 7．A．cleaned B．was cleaning C．has cleaned 8．A．start B．starting C．to start 9．A．leads B．led C．has led 10．A．you B．your C．yourself 四、短文填空 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词) The world’s first 3D-printed school was built in Malawi, Africa. This poor country does not have enough 1 (tradition) classrooms for its children. Many kids have to study under trees or in broken buildings. A company called 14Trees came up with a clever solution. They used a large 3D printer to create the walls of a school. The printer worked like a robot, putting down layer after layer of a special kind of concrete. The 2 (create) of this school took only 18 hours! Building a normal school of the same size would take many months. The new technology makes it much faster and 3 (cheap). Soon after the first school was finished, more than 200 children began their 4 (learn) there. The students were amazed by their new classroom. They no longer had to worry about rain or wind during lessons. This project is a great 5 (achieve) for both the company and the local people. The technology could help solve the problem of not having enough schools in many 6 (develop) countries. Some experts believe that 3D printing will change the way we build houses, bridges and even hospitals in the future. However, there are still some 7 (difficult). The 3D printers are very expensive at the moment. Also, not every place has the right materials for printing. But the company is working hard to make the technology 8 (wide) available. They hope that one day every child in the world can study in a real classroom. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 U2核心语法：复合不定代词 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 掌握四类复合不定代词含义与指代 2. 区分不同句式中不定代词用法 3. 熟练运用代词+形容词后置结构 4. 语境灵活解题、完成句型写作 学习重点 1. some/any/no/every 代词核心用法 2. 形容词后置、主谓单数必考规则 3. 不定代词高频同义转换 4. else后置修饰、代词所有格用法 学习难点 1. 特殊问句中some/any语境辨析 2. 区分完全否定与部分否定语义 3. 规避双重否定、句式搭配错误 4. 复杂语境中精准选用不定代词 语法知识精讲 前缀类别 指代人/物 常见代词 核心用法规则 易错提醒（★必记） some- 指代人 somebody/someone（某人） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “某个（人）”；2. 用于表请求 / 希望得到肯定回答的疑问句（如 Would you...?） 不可用于否定句，否定句需换为 any - 类代词 指代物 something（某物） 1. 用法同 “指代人”（肯定句 / 表请求的疑问句）； 2. 修饰词（形容词 / 副词）放后面 正确：something interesting（有趣的事）错误：interesting something any- 指代人 anybody/anyone（任何人） 1. 用于否定句 / 疑问句，表 “任何（人）”； 2. 用于肯定句表 “任一（人）”（如 Anybody can do it.） 回答 “Who...” 时，不可用 anybody 直接表否定，需用 no one 指代物 anything（任何物） 1. 用法同 “指代人”（否定句 / 疑问句 / 肯定句表 “任一”）； 2. 修饰词放后面 “not anything” = “nothing”（例：I have not anything = I have nothing） no- 指代人 nobody/no one（没人） 1. 表完全否定，=“not anybody/anyone”； 2. 用于肯定句形式表否定意义 1. 回答 “Who is there?” 用No one.（不用 Nobody.，更常用）；2. 不可与 not 连用（避免双重否定） 指代物 nothing（没东西） 1. 表完全否定，=“not anything”；2. 用于肯定句形式表否定意义 不可说 “not nothing”，双重否定会表肯定（逻辑错误） every- 指代人 everybody/everyone（所有人） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “全部（人）”，涵盖整体； 2. 强调 “每一个” 的共性 1. 作主语时谓语用单数（Everyone likes it.）；2. 指代单数概念，后接 his/her（不用 their） 指代物 everything（所有物） 1. 用于肯定句，表 “全部（物）”；2. 强调 “每一个事物” 的整体 作主语时谓语用单数（Everything is ready.） 通用规则 —— 所有复合不定代词 1. 均为单数概念，作主语时谓语用单数；2. 修饰词（形容词 / 副词）均放后面 无例外：无论哪个前缀，均遵循 “修饰词后置” 和 “主谓一致（单数）” 原则 语法知识精练 题型一：someone/somebody 【典例】 —The job isn’t very easy, but I’m sure ________ can do it. —I think so. Sandy may do it. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这份工作并不简单，但我相信有人能胜任。——我也这样认为。Sandy也许能行。 考查不定代词someone。someone某个人；anyone任何人；everyone每个人；no one没有人。根据“The job isn’t very easy”和“Sandy may do it.”可知，这份工作不简单，但是有人能胜任，Sandy也许可以。故选A。 【即练1】 —I don’t think ________ knows the answer to this question. —Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then. A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想没有人知道这个问题的答案。——真的吗？那我们去找老师帮忙吧。 考查不定代词辨析。anyone任何人；someone有人；everyone 每个人；no one没有人。根据“I don’t think…knows the answer to this question.”及“Really? Let’s ask the teacher for help then.”可知，此处指的是我认为没有人知道答案。anyone“任何人”，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。故选A。 【即练2】 I can’t help you now. Ask ________ to help you. A．somebody other B．else somebody C．somebody else D．anybody other 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我现在帮不了你。问问其他人来帮你吧。 考查不定代词的用法。somebody某人，常用于肯定句；anybody任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；other其他的，常放在名词前；else其他的，常后置修饰不定代词或疑问代词。根据“Ask ... to help you.”可知，该句为肯定句，用不定代词somebody，else修饰不定代词要后置。故选C。 【即练3】 —Is there ________ wrong with your computer? —Yes. Can you find ________ to fix it? A．something; someone B．anything; anyone C．something; anyone D．anything; someone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的电脑有什么问题吗？——是的。你能找人来修理它吗？ 考查不定代词辨析。something一些事；someone某人；anything任何事；anyone任何人。anything用于否定句和疑问句中，something常用于肯定句中，此处句子是一般疑问句，第一个空填anything；someone用于肯定句或者期望得到肯定回答的问句中，此处希望有人可以修电脑，应该用someone。故选D。 题型二：anyone/anybody 【典例】 —Did you enjoy yourself at the party yesterday, Grace? —No. I didn’t see ________ I knew there, so it was kind of boring. A．somebody B．nobody C．everybody D．anybody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Grace，你昨天在聚会上玩得高兴吗？——不，我在那儿没有看到我认识的人，所以有点无聊。 考查代词辨析。somebody某人，常用于肯定句；nobody没有人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句。根据“so it was kind of boring.”可知，此处指的是没有看到任何认识的人，应用anybody。故选D。 【即练1】 —Whose notebook is this? —It might be ________. I saw her looking for one just now. A．anybody else B．anybody else’s C．other anybody D．other’s anybody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是谁的笔记本？——它可能是其他某个人的。我刚才看见她正在找笔记本。 考查不定代词及名词所有格。anybody任何人；anybody else其他任何人；anybody else’s其他任何人的；other anybody和other’s anybody都是错误表达，排除选项C和选项D。根据“Whose notebook is this?”可知，此处是询问笔记本是谁的，所以答句要回答是“其他某个人的”，应该用名词所有格，anybody else’s符合题意。故选B。 【即练2】 —Is there ________ in the classroom? I need someone to help me carry books. —No, everyone went to the playground just now. A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——教室里有谁吗？我需要人帮我搬书。——没有，大家刚刚都去操场了。 anybody任何人（用于疑问句或否定句）；somebody某人（用于肯定句）；nobody没有人；everybody每个人。根据问句“Is there...?”为疑问句，且表示“有没有人”，应用anybody。 【即练3】 Don’t accept ________ as your online friends if you don’t know their real information. A．something B．anyone C．no one D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你不知道他们的真实信息，不要接受任何人作为你的网友 something某事/某物；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everything一切事物。根据“online friends”可知对象是人，排除指物的something和everything。句子为否定祈使句，表示“不要接受任何人”，anyone常用于否定句中表示“任何人”，符合语境。 题型三：noone/nobody 【典例】 —Is there anyone in the music room now? —No, ________ is there. All students are having PE class on the playground. A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——现在音乐教室有人吗？——没有，没人在那里。所有学生都在操场上体育课。 nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“No”和“All students are having PE class on the playground”（所有学生都在操场上体育课）可知，音乐教室无人，nobody符合语境。 【即练1】 —The new art program about Mogao Caves is wonderful, but ________ in my class has watched it yet. —Really? We should recommend it to our classmates! A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个关于莫高窟的新艺术节目很精彩，但我们班还没有人看过。——真的吗？我们应该推荐给同学们！ nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“but”（但是）和“has watched it yet”（还没看过）可知，表示否定含义，nobody符合语境。 【即练2】 —Did you call me yesterday? —Yes, I did. I tried several times, but ________ answered. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天你给我打电话了吗？——是的，我打了。我试了几次，但是没人接听。 everybody所有人；每个人；somebody某人；有人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“I tried several times”和“but”可知，此处是说“没人接听电话”，用nobody。 【即练3】 Our teacher always tells us ________ can succeed without hard work. A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师总是告诉我们，没有人能不努力就成功。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人。根据“without hard work”可知，努力是成功的必要条件，即没有人能不劳而获，nobody符合语境。 题型四：everyone/everybody 【典例】 We all tried Beijing fermented mung bean juice (豆汁), but not ________ liked it. A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都尝试过北京豆汁，但不是每个人都喜欢它。 考查不定代词辨析。somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“but not…liked it”可知，此处指不是每个人都喜欢豆汁，应用everybody“每个人”。故选C。 【即练1】 —Does ________ in your class know how to make it? —Yes. We all learn the way to do it. A．someone B．none C．everyone D．no one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们班里面所有人都知道怎么制作它吗？——是啊。我们都学会了制作它的方法。 考查代词辨析。someone某人；none没有人；everyone每个人；no one没有人。根据“Yes. We all learn the way to do it.”可知，此处应是询问是不是每个人都知道制作方法，应用everyone。故选C。 【即练2】 —The film is amazing! It’s the most meaningful film I have ever seen. —I am afraid it is not ________ cup of tea. A．everybody’s B．anybody’s C．somebody’s D．nobody’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这部电影太棒了！这是我看过的最有意义的电影。——恐怕这不是每个人都喜欢的。 考查复合不定代词。everybody’s每个人的；anybody’s任何人的；somebody’s某个人的； nobody’s没人的。根据“The film is amazing! It’s the most meaningful film I have ever seen.”以及选项可知，应选everybody’s，表示虽然你喜欢，但并不是每个人都喜欢。故选A。 【即练3】 — The movie is so exciting. — Yes, but I don’t think ________ will like it. A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这部电影太令人兴奋了。——是的，但我认为不是每个人都会喜欢它。 考查不定代词辨析。anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“Yes, but...”可知，答话者先肯定电影精彩，但转折后表示并非所有人都喜欢，符合逻辑。故选C。 题型五：不定代词-thing结尾的词类 【典例】 There is _______ wrong with my computer. Can you help me fix it? A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的电脑出了些问题。你能帮我修一下吗？ anything一般用于否定句或疑问句；something常用于肯定句，表示“某事/某物”；nothing表示“没有什么”；everything 表示“一切”。根据后句“Can you help me fix it?”可知，电脑是出了故障，且句子为肯定句，因此用固定表达There is something wrong with...表示“……出问题了”，应选something。 【即练1】 —How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting? —________ at all. He said________. A．Nothing; nothing B．Nothing; none C．None; none D．None; nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克在会议上提供了多少建议？—— 一点也没有。他什么也没说。 none没有一个，毫无；nothing没有什么。第一空根据“How much advice”可知，是询问数量，none可用来指代“数量上一点建议也没提”，常与at all搭配；第二空表示“他什么话也没说”，said nothing是固定表达，符合语境。应填None；nothing。 【即练2】 Ma Lin didn’t watch TV last night, because there wasn’t ________ on it. A．something interesting B．everything interesting C．anything interesting D．nothing interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：马琳昨晚没看电视，因为电视上没有有趣的东西。 形容词修饰不定代词时要置于代词之后。something通常用于肯定句，anything通常用于否定句或疑问句，nothing本身具有否定意义。根据句中wasn’t可知本句为否定句，且避免双重否定，因此使用anything。应填anything interesting。 【即练3】 You can order a bit of ________ in this restaurant. It offers different styles of food. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在这家餐馆你可以每样都点一点。它提供不同风格的食物。 anything任何事（常用于否定和疑问句）；something某事/某物（常用于肯定句）；nothing没有什么；everything每件事/所有东西。根据“It offers different styles of food.”可知这家餐馆提供不同风格的食物，表示可以点到一切（各种）食物，应用everything。 一、单项选择 1．— I’d like to be a lady like the actress in the poster. She is so pretty. — Oh, dear. You don’t have to be ________. Just be yourself. A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想成为像海报里那位女演员一样的女士。她太漂亮了。——哦，亲爱的。你没必要成为任何人。做你自己就好。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“You don't have to be...”是否定句，结合后句“Just be yourself.”可知是没必要成为任何人，否定句中常用anybody。 2．—There is ________ in Tina’s WeChat shop. —So that’s why I decided to buy the present in ________ shop. A．something special; other B．special something; the other C．nothing special; another D．special nothing; others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——蒂娜的微信商店里没什么特别的东西。——所以这就是为什么我决定在另一家商店买礼物。 考查不定代词和限定词辨析。第一空：形容词修饰复合不定代词（如something, nothing等）时需后置，排除B、D；根据答语“So that’s why I decide to buy the present in...shop.”可推知，蒂娜的店里没有特别的东西，故用nothing special。第二空：表示“另一家（泛指）”用another，other后需接名词，the other指两者中的另一个，others是复数代词。故选C。 3．—The classroom is so clean. Who cleaned it? —________. We did it together before leaving school. A．Somebody B．Nobody C．Everybody D．Anybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——教室真干净。谁打扫的？——每个人。我们放学前一起打扫的。 Somebody某人；Nobody没有人；Everybody每个人；Anybody任何人。根据“We did it together before leaving school.”可知是大家一起打扫的，应填Everybody。 4．Tourists enjoy taking a walk under the flower tunnels and almost ________ leaves without taking hundreds of photos. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：游客们喜欢在花廊下散步，几乎没人不拍上几百张照片就离开。 everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“游客们喜欢在花廊下散步”的语境，此处表达“几乎没人不拍照就离开”（即几乎所有人都会拍照），因此nobody符合要求。 5．—Did you see ______ in the teachers’ office when you passed by? —No, the door was closed and the lights were off. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你路过教师办公室时，看到有人吗？——没有，门是关的，灯也灭了。 anybody任何人（用于疑问/否定句）；somebody某人（用于肯定句）；nobody没人；everybody所有人。由答句“No, the door was closed and the lights were off.”推知，问句询问是否看到任何人，疑问句中常用anybody表示“任何人”。 6．Luckily, ________ died in the accident, but the cause of the accident must be found out. A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：幸运的是，这场事故中没有人遇难，但事故原因必须查明。 somebody 某人；everybody 每个人；anybody 任何人；nobody 没有人。根据“Luckily（幸运的是）”的语境，可知事故中“没有人”遇难，故填nobody。 7．Before the new library opened, ________ expected it to become so popular. But it’s so crowded now. A．everybody B．somebody C．nobody D．anybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在新图书馆开放之前，没有人预料到它会变得这么受欢迎。但现在它非常拥挤。 everybody每个人；somebody某人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人。根据“But it’s so crowded now.”可知，前后句存在转折关系，现在很拥挤，说明之前没人预料到它会这么受欢迎，nobody体现出前后的反差。 8．—Is there ________ who wants to take part in the singing competition? —Lisa. She is good at singing. A．anyone B．anything C．someone D．something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——有谁想参加歌唱比赛吗？——丽萨。她擅长唱歌。 anyone任何人；anything任何事；someone某人；something某事。根据“Is there...who wants to take part in the singing competition?”，此处询问是否有人想参加歌唱比赛，疑问句中应用anyone。 9．President Xi once said, “On the new journey of Chinese development, ________ is a key actor, every effort counts, and every ray of light shines.” A．someone B．none C．no one D．everyone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：习近平主席曾说过：“在中国发展的新征程上，每个人都是主角，每一份努力都重要，每一束光芒都闪耀。” someone某人；none没有一个；no one没有人；everyone每个人，人人。根据“a key actor”（主角）和“every effort counts”（每一份努力都重要）可知，强调每一个人都要参与其中，everyone符合语境。 10．But remember not to climb on those dangerous high rocks carelessly. There is ________ more important than your safety. A．something B．somebody C．nothing D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：但是记住不要粗心大意地攀爬那些危险的高岩石。没有什么比你的安全更重要。 something某事；somebody某人；nothing没有什么；nobody没有人。根据前文警告不要攀爬危险岩石可知，此处强调安全的重要性，逻辑上为“没有什么”比安全更重要。故填nothing。 11．Wow! That’s really ________. I’m glad you are able to make the most of the break and enjoy yourself. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：哇！那真了不起。我很高兴你能充分利用假期并玩得开心。 something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么；everything一切。根据“Wow!”及后句“I’m glad you are able to make the most of the break and enjoy yourself.”可知，语境是积极的赞叹，且为肯定句。“That’s really something.”是固定口语表达，意为“那真了不起/不错”。 12．Welcome to our school library! I’m Jason, the reporter today. I have ________ exciting to share with you. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：欢迎来到我们学校图书馆！我是今天的记者杰森。我有一些令人兴奋的事情要分享给你们。 anything任何事；something某事；nothing没事；everything每件事。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，本句为肯定句，根据句意“有事情要分享”可知应用something。 13．—Could you check if there is ________ wrong with the smart watch? It won’t turn on. —Sure, let me have a look. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能检查一下智能手表是否有什么毛病吗？它打不开。——当然，让我看看。 something某事；anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没什么事。本句虽然是Could you...?开头的请求句，但空格处修饰的是“生病/出故障”（wrong with...）。在英语习惯表达中，“检查是否有问题/毛病”属于未知情况的询问，固定句式是Is there anything wrong with...? 或check if there is anything wrong with...。这里说话人并不“希望/期望”手表真的有坏处，而是表达一种不确定的客观询问，因此用 anything。 14．—The best things in life are free. —Yes. Air costs _________, but we can’t live without it. A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——生活中最美好的东西都是免费的。——是的。空气不花钱，但我们离不开它。 nothing没有什么；something某事物；anything任何事物；everything一切。根据“The best things in life are free.”及答语“Yes.”可知，此处表示空气是免费的，即不需要花费任何东西。应填nothing。 15．I can look after myself. I don’t need to depend on ________ else. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我能照顾我自己。我不需要依赖任何其他人。 everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据前句“I can look after myself.”及本句中的否定词“don’t”可知，此处表示不需要依赖任何人，否定句中常用anybody。 16．—What an easy exam! It’s the easiest exam I’ve ever taken part in. —But I don’t think ________ can pass it. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——多么简单的考试啊！这是我参加过的最简单的考试。——但我认为不是每个人都能通过。   somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；everybody每个人。根据答句中“But”的转折语气可知，虽然考试很简单，但说话者认为“并非每个人”都能通过。don’t think + everybody 构成部分否定，表示“并非所有人都……”，符合转折逻辑，应填everybody。 17．—The volunteer work makes me realize that even a small act of kindness can bring ________ great. —Exactly. It’s the little things that matter. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——志愿者工作让我意识到，即使是一个小小的善举也能带来非凡的意义。——确实如此。重要的是那些小事。   something某事/某物（常用于肯定句，强调存在某事物）；nothing没什么；anything任何事物（用于疑问/否定句或强调任意事物）；everything每件事物。根据“even a small act of kindness can bring...great”可知，小小的善举能够带来某种重要的东西，something符合语境。 18．She tells us that anybody ________ make progress. A．is able to B．are able to C．can able to D．be able to 【答案】A 【详解】句意‌：她告诉我们任何人都能够取得进步。 “anybody”意为“任何人”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，“be able to”表示“能够”，且此句的时态是一般现在时，所以“be able to”的be动词需用“is”，也就是“is able to”符合语法规则和句子语境。 19．Li Ming said he would buy his pop from ________. A．other someone B．other someone C．someone else D．else someone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李明说他会从别人那里买他的汽水。 else修饰不定代词someone时要后置，构成“someone else”，意为“别人”；other通常置于名词前。someone else符合。 20．There is ________ in today’s newspaper. Let’s read a storybook instead. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．nothing interesting D．everything interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的事情。我们还是读故事书吧。 something interesting一些有趣的事；anything interesting任何有趣的事(常用于否定或疑问句)；nothing interesting没什么有趣的事；everything interesting所有有趣的事。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，四个选项语序均正确。根据“Let’s read a storybook instead.”可知，提议改读故事书，说明报纸上没有值得读的内容。nothing interesting符合语境。 二、完成句子 21．There isn’t anything delicious in this restaurant. There is ________ delicious in this restaurant. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意：这家餐馆没有什么好吃的东西。nothing“没有什么”与not anything同义，故填nothing。 22．现在她和我们班上的每一个人都相处得很好。 Now she is ________  ________ ________ ________ ________ in our class. 【答案】 getting along well with everyone 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“与每个人都相处得很好”的英文。get along well with sb.表示“和某人相处得好”，为固定短语，everyone表示“每个人”，根据“Now she is…”可知，句子的时态为现在进行时，其结构为be+doing，get的现在分词为getting。故填getting；along； well； with； everyone。 23．你不去尝试就永远不知道。 You will never know ________ you ________ ________. 【答案】 until try something 【详解】until表示“直到……为止”，用于引导时间状语从句，表示在某个动作或事件发生之前，另一个动作或事件一直持续或不会发生；try something“尝试一下”，从句时态使用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故填until；try；something。 24．医生发现他的身体没有问题。 The doctor found ________ ________ ________ his body. 【答案】 nothing wrong with 【详解】nothing wrong with sth“……没有问题”，不定代词作动词found的宾语，形容词wrong作宾语补足语。故填nothing；wrong；with。 25．然而，这些天，这里发生了一些不同寻常的事情。(完成译句) However, these days, ________ ________ is happening around here. 【答案】 something unusual 【详解】根据中文提示可知，空处应填意为“一些不同寻常事情”的英文表达，something表示“一些事情”；unusual表示“不同寻常的”，是形容词，形容词修饰复合不定代词时，放在复合不定代词之后。故填something；unusual。 26．The box is so big that nobody could move it into the room. (保持句意不变) The box is ________ big for ________ to move into the room. 【答案】 too anybody 【详解】句意：这个箱子太大了，没人能把它搬进房间。原句为so...that“如此……以至于”引导的结果状语从句，可以用too...to“太……而不能”替换，改写后的句子可以翻译为“这个箱子太大了，任何人都搬不进房间”，anybody“任何人”。故填too；anybody。 27．上周Michael发生了一起事故, 但是X光显示没什么严重的。 Michael had an accident last week, but the X-rays showed it was ________ ________. 【答案】 nothing serious 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，nothing“什么都没有”，不定代词；serious“严重的”，形容词，置于不定代词之后。故填nothing；serious。 28．并不是每一个人都了解我们目前面临的困境。 ________ ________ knows about the current difficulties we face. 【答案】 Not everyone 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“并不是每一个”的英文。Not everyone表示“并非所有人”，为半否定用法。故填Not；everyone。 29．这次经历让我们意识到保护环境需要每个人的努力。 This experience made us realize that protecting the environment requires ________. 【答案】everyone’s efforts 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“每个人的努力”，everyone“每个人”，此处需名词所有格形式everyone’s，修饰名词effort“努力”，此处为可数名词，在表示“努力”时常用复数形式。故填everyone’s efforts。 30．任何小事情都值得做好，因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 ________ ________ is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 【答案】 Anything small 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“任何小事情”。anything“任何事”，复合不定代词；small“小的”，形容词，且修饰复合不定代词时形容词需后置，且句首首字母大写。故填Anything；small。 三、语法选择 Have you ever tried a “digital detox (数字排毒)”? It means staying away from your phone, computer or tablet for a certain period of time. Many people 1 this challenge surprisingly difficult at first. A school in Shanghai recently encouraged its students to take part in a weekend digital detox. Before the event started, the teachers 2 the students about the possible benefits and challenges. On the first morning, Tom felt very anxious because he couldn’t check his messages. He 3 to pick up his phone several times. However, he decided to take a walk in the park instead. Without the noise of notifications, he noticed how beautifully the birds 4 in the trees. After lunch, some of his friends came over. They played board games together, which they 5 do often anymore because everyone is usually on their phones. During the detox, many students discovered that they had much more free time than expected. Some read books that 6 on their shelves for months. Others learned to cook simple meals. A girl named Li Wei 7 her room when she suddenly realized how much she enjoyed the quietness. By the end of the weekend, most students felt a sense of achievement. The school decided 8 a monthly “No Screen Sunday” for families who want to continue the practice. Studies show that too much screen time 9 to sleep problems and difficulty focusing. So why not give 10 a break from the digital world? You might be surprised by what you find. 1．A．finds B．found C．will find 2．A．were telling B．had told C．have told 3．A．reaches B．reached C．was reaching 4．A．sing B．sang C．were singing 5．A．don’t B．didn’t C．haven’t 6．A．sat B．were sitting C．had sat 7．A．cleaned B．was cleaning C．has cleaned 8．A．start B．starting C．to start 9．A．leads B．led C．has led 10．A．you B．your C．yourself 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了上海一所学校组织周末数字排毒活动，学生起初困难，后发现更多自由时间，学校决定月度化此活动，倡导减少屏幕时间。 1．句意：许多人起初发现这个挑战出乎意料地困难。 根据全文叙事基调为过去时可知，此处描述参与者的经历，应用一般过去时，填found。 2．句意：在活动开始前，老师们已经告诉了学生们可能带来的好处和挑战。 根据“Before the event started”可知，“告诉”发生在“开始”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，填had told。 3．句意：他好几次伸手去拿手机。 根据上下文语境以及“several times”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，填reached。 4．句意：没有消息提示音的打扰，他注意到林间的鸟儿唱得格外动听。 根据“noticed”可知，鸟儿唱歌是当时正在进行的背景动作，应用过去进行时，填were singing。 5．句意：他们一起玩棋盘游戏，这是他们不再经常做的，因为大家通常都在玩手机。 根据主句谓语“played”可知，从句描述当时的习惯状态，应用一般过去时保持一致，填didn’t。 6．句意：有些人读了那些在书架上放了几个月的书。 根据谓语动词“read”可知，书在书架上是阅读之前发生的状态，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，填had sat。 7．句意：一个叫李薇的女孩正在打扫房间时，忽然发觉自己十分享受这份安静。 根据“when she suddenly realized”可知，“打扫”是当时正在进行的背景动作，应用过去进行时，填was cleaning。 8．句意：学校决定为愿意坚持这种生活方式的家庭，每月设立一个“无屏幕周日”。 decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式，填to start。 9．句意：研究表明，过多的屏幕时间会导致睡眠问题和注意力难以集中。 根据“Studies show”可知，宾语从句陈述客观事实或普遍真理，应用一般现在时，填leads。 10．句意：所以为什么不给你自己放个假，远离数字世界呢？ 根据句意，主语是“你”，动作承受者也是“你”，应用反身代词表示“你自己”，填yourself。you主格/宾格和your形容词性物主代词均不符。 四、短文填空 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词) The world’s first 3D-printed school was built in Malawi, Africa. This poor country does not have enough 1 (tradition) classrooms for its children. Many kids have to study under trees or in broken buildings. A company called 14Trees came up with a clever solution. They used a large 3D printer to create the walls of a school. The printer worked like a robot, putting down layer after layer of a special kind of concrete. The 2 (create) of this school took only 18 hours! Building a normal school of the same size would take many months. The new technology makes it much faster and 3 (cheap). Soon after the first school was finished, more than 200 children began their 4 (learn) there. The students were amazed by their new classroom. They no longer had to worry about rain or wind during lessons. This project is a great 5 (achieve) for both the company and the local people. The technology could help solve the problem of not having enough schools in many 6 (develop) countries. Some experts believe that 3D printing will change the way we build houses, bridges and even hospitals in the future. However, there are still some 7 (difficult). The 3D printers are very expensive at the moment. Also, not every place has the right materials for printing. But the company is working hard to make the technology 8 (wide) available. They hope that one day every child in the world can study in a real classroom. 【答案】1．traditional 2．creation 3．cheaper 4．learning 5．achievement 6．developing 7．difficulties 8．widely 【导语】本文介绍了非洲马拉维全球首个3D打印学校的建造背景、建造优势，以及3D打印技术在解决贫困地区校舍不足问题上的应用前景和现存问题。 1．句意：这个贫穷的国家没有足够多供孩子使用的传统教室。根据空后名词classrooms可知，需用形容词修饰名词，tradition是名词，其形容词形式traditional表示“传统的”，符合语境。 2．句意：这所学校的建造只花费了18个小时！根据定冠词The和空后介词of可知，需用名词作主语，create是动词，其名词形式creation表示“建造，创建”，符合语境。 3．句意：这项新技术让建造过程更快也更便宜。根据and连接并列成分，faster是形容词比较级可知，此处也需用形容词的比较级，cheap的比较级形式cheaper表示“更便宜的”，符合语境。 4．句意：第一所学校完工后不久，超过200名孩子就开始在这里学习了。根据形容词性物主代词their可知，此处需用名词，learn是动词，其名词形式learning表示“学习”，符合语境。 5．句意：这个项目对于公司和当地人来说都是一项了不起的成就。根据不定冠词a和形容词great可知，此处需用可数名词单数，achieve是动词，其名词形式achievement表示“成就”，符合语境。 6．句意：这项技术可以帮助解决很多发展中国家缺少足够学校的问题。根据语境和空后名词countries可知，此处需用形容词，develop的分词形式developing作形容词表示“发展中的”，developing countries是固定搭配，符合语境。 7．句意：这项技术仍然存在一些困难。根据some可知，此处需用名词复数，difficult是形容词，对应名词difficulty表示“困难”，复数形式为difficulties，符合语境。 8．句意：但该公司正在努力让这项技术得到广泛应用。根据空后形容词available可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词，wide是形容词，其副词形式widely表示“广泛地”，符合语境。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $