内容正文:
第04讲 Unit 4 Once upon a Time
(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
内容导航
01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向:预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知:情境概念深度构
考点精讲:聚焦常考要点,讲清逻辑
例题精析:典型题目带路,学会解题思路
即练固基:趁热打铁练一练,巩固刚学内容
03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实:过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
1.理解故事类文体的特点,梳理故事的背景、人物、情节、矛盾冲突、结果等基本要素,领悟故事蕴含的哲理;掌握故事文体的基本结构和语言特征。
2.能够完整复述本单元所学故事,清晰、流畅地描述情节发展过程。
3.能够发挥想象力和创造力,续写故事结尾或创编简单故事(要求情节合理、结构清晰)。
学习重点
1.熟练梳理故事的背景、人物、情节、冲突、结果,把握故事整体脉络。
2.能准确还原故事内容,用清晰、流畅的语言描述情节发展过程(包含关键情节、人物行为等)。
3.发挥想象,基于原故事逻辑续写结尾或创编新故事,做到情节合理、结构完整(有明确开头、发展、结尾)。
学习难点
1.在复杂故事中,准确区分“背景、人物、情节、冲突、结果”,避免要素混淆或遗漏。
2.复述时既保证语言流畅,又完整呈现关键情节、人物互动。
3.续写或创编故事时,情节发展符合原故事风格、人物设定,结构清晰。
4.透过故事表面情节,深刻理解哲理内涵,并联系自身成长形成个性化感悟(避免感悟浮于表面)。
Part 1 Section A 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. upon prep. 在……上 2. bite v. (bit) 咬;咬伤
3. hunter n. 猎人;搜寻者 4. promise v. 承诺;保证 n. 承诺;诺言
5. war n. 战争 6. neighbour n. 邻居
7. wise adj. 明智的;高明的 8. emperor n. 皇帝
9. lie v. 撒谎 n. 谎言 10. pretend v. 假装;伪装
11. official n. 官员;高级职员 12. silly adj. 愚蠢的;傻的
13. decide v. 决定 14. praise v. 赞美;表扬
15. afraid adj. 害怕的;担心的 16. suddenly adv. 突然地;出乎意料地
17. truth n. 真相;事实 18. true adj. 符合事实的;真正的
19. hate v. 不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌 20. king n. 君主;国王
21. artist n. 美术家;艺术家 22. smile v. 微笑 n. 微笑;笑容
二、重点短语
1. make up 编造;组成 2. bite through 咬穿
3. promise to do ... 承诺做……,答应做…… 4. long ago 很久以前
5. once upon a time 从前;很久以前 6. lie to sb 对某人撒谎;欺骗某人
7. at first 起初,最初 8. tell the truth 说实话
9. pretend to do ... 假装做…… 10. look at one another 相互看着;彼此看着
11. make money 赚钱 12. get out 逃脱;离开
13. all over 到处;遍及
三、重点句型
1. They pretended to make the clothes.
他们假装在制作衣服。
2. The emperor couldn't see anything either.
皇帝也什么都看不见。
3. No one wanted to look silly.
没有人想看起来愚蠢。
4. The emperor has no clothes on!
皇帝什么衣服都没穿!
5. He promised to help the lion, and the lion let him go.
他答应帮助狮子,狮子便放了他。
6. It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well!
我花了几个月才学会如何把马画好!
Part 2 Section B 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. ugly adj. 丑陋的;难看的 2. real adj. 真的,真正的
3. search v. 寻找;搜寻 4. hen n. 母鸡
5. hopefully adv. 有希望地 6. lay v. (laid) 下(蛋);放置;搁
7. feather n. 羽毛 8. fisherman n. (pl. fishermen) 渔夫
9. fishing n. 钓鱼;捕鱼 10. die v. 死亡;消失
11. set v. 使处于某种状况;使开始 12. rich adj. 富有的;富含的
13. powerful adj. 强大的;有影响力的
二、重点短语
1. laugh at 嘲笑 2. go away 走开
3. search for 寻找 4. look down 低头看
5. to sb's surprise 出乎某人的意料 6. be friendly to ... 对……友好
7. only if 只有 8. come out 出现;盛开
9. make a promise 许下诺言 10. set ... free 释放……
11. instead of 而不是;代替 12. succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事
13. in the end 最后;终究
三、重点句型
1. But the other ducklings still laughed at him and told him to go away.
但是其他小鸭子仍然嘲笑他,并让他离开。
2. He met many other birds, but all of them thought that he was ugly too.
他遇到了许多其他的鸟,但它们都认为他很丑。
3. There, he saw three beautiful swans with long necks and white feathers.
在那里,他看到了三只美丽的天鹅,它们有长长的脖子和洁白的羽毛。
4. My friend, you do look like us!
我的朋友,你确实很像我们。
5. The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too!
小鸭低下头,令他惊讶的是,他看到自己竟然也是一只美丽的白天鹅!
6. You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.
只有当你会咕噜叫或者下蛋时,你才受欢迎。
7. If anyone set me free, I would kill them instead of giving them anything.
如果有人释放我,我会杀了他们,而不是给他们任何东西。
Part 3 知识点详解
1. Here's The Emperor's New Clothes by Hans Christian Andersen.
这是汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生的《皇帝的新装》。
【详解】
英文书名、报刊名、电影名等通常使用斜体(Italics)来表示,在手写或无法使用斜体时,可使用下划线(Underline)代替。
大小写规则(Title Case):
实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词)首字母必须大写。
虚词(冠词 a/an/the、短介词 at/in/on/of/for、并列连词 and/or/but)通常小写,除非它们位于书名的开头。
常见错误:将所有单词都大写(全大写仅用于强调或标题缩写),或者将短介词/冠词也大写。
英文书名的写法通常可以归纳为四个要点:
(1)采用斜体形式。
(2)确保书名的第一个单词首字母大写。
(3)从第二个单词开始,所有实词的首字母均需大写,而冠词、少于五个字母的介词以及连词的首字母一般保持小写。
(4)在书名之后,除了问号和感叹号,一般不添加其他标点符号。
【典例】根据规则,将下列书名改写为正确格式。
1.the old man and the sea
2.a tale of two cities
审题关键:判断哪些是实词,哪些是虚词,并注意第一个单词和大小写。
规范解答:1.The Old Man and the Sea; 2.A Tale of Two Cities
方法总结:首词大写,实词大写,虚词小写(5字母以上介词除外)。
【即练1】将下列书名改写为正确格式。
1.pride and prejudice
2.the catcher in the rye
【即练2】Which of the following is the correct way to write a book title?
A. the lord of the rings
B. Lord of the Rings
C. The Lord of the Rings
D. The lord of the Rings
2. What lovely clothes!
多漂亮的衣服!
【详解】这个句子是由 what 加复数名词的感叹句,省略了主语和谓语,主要用来修饰名词。
What lovely clothes! = What lovely clothes they are!
What引导感叹句时通常有两种结构,主语和谓语常可以省略:
1.What + a / an + (形容词) + 单数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
2.What + (形容词) + 可数名词复数 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
3.What + (形容词) + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
易错点:
a/an 的使用:完全取决于紧跟其后的名词发音(单数可数名词前必须有a/an)。
不可数名词陷阱:不可数名词前绝不能加 a/an,且通常没有复数形式。
【典例】将下列句子改为感叹句。
1.This is a cute dog.
2.These are interesting books.
审题关键:找准被修饰的名词,判断其单复数及可数性。
规范解答:1.What a cute dog (it is)! 2.What interesting books (they are)!
方法总结:找名词定冠词,单数可数找a/an,复数不可数直接跟。
【即练1】根据提示完成感叹句。
1.______ ______ news it is! (多么令人震惊的消息)
2.______ ______ lovely girl she is! (她是多么可爱的女孩)
【即练2】选择正确的词填空。
A. What B. What a C. What an
_____ clever boy!
_____ heavy rain!
_____ fast cars!
3. Two brothers came and lied to him ...
两兄弟来了,对他撒谎……
【详解】句中 lie 意为“说谎”,是规则动词,其过去式是 lied。
lie 还可以作名词,意为“谎言”。例如:tell a lie / tell lies 撒谎
lie 表示“躺;卧;位于;放置”时,是不规则动词,其过去式是 lay。
常见搭配:
lie to sb. (对某人说谎)
tell a lie / tell lies (说谎)
lie on the bed (躺在床上)
lie in the box (躺在盒子里)
【典例】用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.He _______ (lie) to his mother yesterday.
2.Yesterday he felt so tired that he _______ (lie) on the sofa.
审题关键:读懂句意,判断是“说谎”还是“躺;放置”。然后根据时态填写适当形式。
规范解答:1.lied 2.lay
方法总结:做适当形式填空时,先根据句意选择单词。再根据标志词确定时态。然后根据变化规则填写适当形式。
【即练1】选择括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1.The book is interesting. I don't think it is a _______. (lie)
2.She _______ (lie) on the beach and enjoyed the sunshine.
4. He doesn't look like us! 他看起来不像我们!
【详解】在本课语境中,like 不是动词(“喜欢”),而是介词(Prep.),意为“像……一样”。
句中 like 是介词,意为“像;类似;相似”。look like 的用法如下:
(1) 表示“(长相或外表特征)看起来像;与……相似”。
What does he look like? 他长什么样子?
(2) 表示“看来要;好像要”。例如:
It looks like rain. 看来要下雨。
易混辨析:be like vs look like
be like 侧重性格、品质或内在特征。
He is kind like his mother. 他像妈妈一样善良。
look like 侧重外在长相。
He looks like his mother. 他长得像他妈妈。
【典例】根据句意及中文提示,用 look like 或 be like 的适当形式完成句子。
1.— What does your new English teacher _______?
— She is tall with glasses. She _______ a movie star!
2.The sky is so dark. It _______ rain. Let's hurry home.
3.My brother is very funny and always makes me laugh. He _______ a clown, but a happy one.
审题关键:区分询问/描述“外在长相”用 look like ,询问/描述“性格、内在特征”用 be like 。
注意 look like 还可表示“看来要……”,主语可以是 it 或表示情况的词。根据主语和时态确定动词形式。
规范解答:1.look like; looks like 2.looks like 3.is like
解析:1.第一问“她长什么样子”,询问外貌,用 What does ... look like? 。答语描述外貌“她看起来像个电影明星”,用 look like ,主语 She 为第三人称单数,故填 looks like 。2.句意表示对天气的推测“看来要下雨”,用 look like ,主语 It 为第三人称单数,故填 looks like 。3.句意描述哥哥“很有趣、让人笑”的性格特征,侧重内在品质,应用 be like ,主语 He 为第三人称单数,故填 is like 。
方法总结:先辨“内”与“外”,外貌推测用look like,性格品质用be like。再根据主语和时态调整形式。
【即练1】Look at the clouds! It _______ a big dragon.
A. looks like
B. is like
C. look like
D. are like
【即练2】— What does your sister _______?
— She is tall with long black hair.
A. like B. look C. look like D. be like
5. I wish I looked like you!
我希望我看起来像你们!/ 我好想长得跟你们一样啊!
【详解】“I wish + (that)从句”是一个典型的虚拟语气的结构,表达一种不可能实现的愿望。从句用过去式表示与现在事实不符或相反的情况,动词be (am, is, are) 则用过去式 were。
【典例】I am very busy now. I don't have enough time to play games.(用 I wish 改写)
I _______ I _______ more time to play games.
审题关键:分析句意,发现是“现在的愿望”,且事实是“没时间”,所以用一般过去时。
规范解答:wish; had
完整句:I wish I had more time to play games.
方法总结:看到 wish 找愿望,现在的愿望往回退一格(用过去时)。
【即练1】根据中文提示完成句子。
我希望我是一只自由的小鸟。(事实上我不是)
I wish I _______ a free bird.
【即练2】— It’s freezing cold today.
— I wish it _______ warm right now.
A. is B. will be C. could be D. were
6. My friend, you do look like us! 我的朋友,你确实看起来像我们!/ 你就是和我们长得一样呀!
【详解】句中 do 为助动词,意为“确实”,起加强语气的作用。在一般现在时或一般过去时的句子中,谓语动词是实义动词时,通常可以用“do / does / did + 动词原形”来强调动词,意为“确实;真的”。
do 还可在肯定祈使句前加强语气,表示“务必;一定”。
例如:Do be careful! 一定要小心!
【典例】完成句子
你今天确实需要完成作业。
You _______ ________ to finish your homework today.
审题关键:根据句意判断是否需要对谓语进行强调。
规范解答:do need
方法总结:看到中文提示“确实”、“真的”、“务必”,考虑使用 do/does/did + v. 结构。注意时态一致。
【即练1】将下列句子翻译成英语。
1.我真的喜欢这部电影。
2.请务必小心驾驶。
【即练2】按要求改写句子。
He studies hard every day. (改为强调句,表达表扬)
_______ _______ _______ hard every day.
一、单词拼写
根据句意及首字母或中文提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The e__________ wore nothing but a pair of shoes in the parade.
2.Don’t l__________ to me! Tell me the t__________.
3.The little duck was u__________, but later it became a beautiful swan.
4.My grandpa likes f__________ by the river on weekends.
5.He p__________ to help me, but he didn’t keep his word.
二、单项选择
6.— What __________ lovely weather!
— Yes, let’s go out for a walk.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
7.The boy __________ to his mother that he __________ the book on the table.
A. lay; lay B. lied; lay C. lay; lied D. lied; laid
8.I wish I __________ fly like a bird.
A. can B. could C. will D. may
9.— You didn’t finish your homework.
— I __________ finish it! I left it at home.
A. do B. does C. did D. am
10.— What does your best friend __________?
— She is kind and helpful.
A. look like B. be like C. like D. looks like
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
11.Look! The cat __________ (lie) on the sofa comfortably.
12.He __________ (not want) to look silly, so he said nothing.
13.What __________ (beautiful) flowers they are!
14.She __________ (real) likes reading stories.
15.They pretended __________ (make) the special clothes.
四、完成句子
根据中文提示完成句子,每空一词。
16.这本书是马克·吐温写的。
This book is __________ Mark Twain.
17.他看起来一点也不像他哥哥。
He doesn’t __________ __________ his brother at all.
18.我希望我现在在学校。
I wish I __________ at school now.
19.务必准时到达。
__________ arrive on time.
20.小鸭子低下头,令它惊讶的是,它看到了自己的倒影。
The duckling __________ down, and to its __________, it saw itself in the water.
五、阅读理解
阅读短文,根据内容选择最佳答案。
Long long ago, there was an emperor who loved new clothes very much. One day, two cheats came and said they could make magic clothes. Only clever people could see the clothes. The emperor believed them and gave them much gold. The cheats pretended to work day and night. When the emperor went to see the “clothes”, he saw nothing. But he didn’t want to look stupid, so he said the clothes were beautiful. All his officials also said they could see the clothes. On the parade day, the emperor walked in the street wearing nothing. A little child cried out, “The emperor has no clothes on!”
21.Why did the emperor give the cheats much gold?
A. Because they were his friends.
B. Because they made real clothes.
C. Because he believed their words.
D. Because the gold was cheap.
22.What did the emperor see when he went to check the clothes?
A. Beautiful clothes. B. Nothing. C. Magic clothes. D. Some gold.
23.Why did the officials say they could see the clothes?
A. They really saw them. B. They wanted to please the emperor.
C. They were clever. D. They liked the cheats.
24.Who told the truth at last?
A. The emperor. B. The officials. C. A child. D. The cheats.
25.What can we learn from the story?
A. We should love new clothes.
B. Cheats are always successful.
C. We should be honest and not be afraid to tell the truth.
D. Emperors are always foolish.
六、完形填空
阅读短文,从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
A mother duck was sitting on her eggs. One egg was much bigger than the others. At last, it broke, and a large, ugly duckling came out. The other ducklings 26________ at him and told him to go away. The poor duckling felt very 27________. He decided to 28________.
He met some wild ducks, but they didn’t like him. Then he met a hen and a cat. The hen asked, “Can you lay 29________?” “No,” said the duckling. “Then you are not 30________ here,” said the hen. The cat asked, “Can you 31________?” “No,” said the duckling. “Then go away,” said the cat.
32________ came. The duckling was cold and hungry. One day, he saw some beautiful swans. He wished he were as beautiful as them. Spring came. The duckling 33________ down into the water. To his 34________, he saw a beautiful white 35________! He was not an ugly duckling any more. He was a swan!
26.A. laughed B. smiled C. cried D. shouted
27.A. happy B. angry C. sad D. excited
28.A. stay B. leave C. sleep D. eat
29.A. eggs B. meat C. milk D. bread
30.A. welcome B. friendly C. lucky D. rich
31.A. sing B. dance C. swim D. purr
32.A. summer B. winter C. autumn D. spring
33.A. looked B. listened C. touched D. tasted
34.A. pride B. sadness C. surprise D. fear
35.A. duck B. chicken C. swan D. goose
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第04讲 Unit 4 Once upon a Time
(知识全梳理&考点精准练)
内容导航
01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向:预习导航精准定向
02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知:情境概念深度构
考点精讲:聚焦常考要点,讲清逻辑
例题精析:典型题目带路,学会解题思路
即练固基:趁热打铁练一练,巩固刚学内容
03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实:过关检测分层提
关键词
学习目标导航
学习目标
1.理解故事类文体的特点,梳理故事的背景、人物、情节、矛盾冲突、结果等基本要素,领悟故事蕴含的哲理;掌握故事文体的基本结构和语言特征。
2.能够完整复述本单元所学故事,清晰、流畅地描述情节发展过程。
3.能够发挥想象力和创造力,续写故事结尾或创编简单故事(要求情节合理、结构清晰)。
学习重点
1.熟练梳理故事的背景、人物、情节、冲突、结果,把握故事整体脉络。
2.能准确还原故事内容,用清晰、流畅的语言描述情节发展过程(包含关键情节、人物行为等)。
3.发挥想象,基于原故事逻辑续写结尾或创编新故事,做到情节合理、结构完整(有明确开头、发展、结尾)。
学习难点
1.在复杂故事中,准确区分“背景、人物、情节、冲突、结果”,避免要素混淆或遗漏。
2.复述时既保证语言流畅,又完整呈现关键情节、人物互动。
3.续写或创编故事时,情节发展符合原故事风格、人物设定,结构清晰。
4.透过故事表面情节,深刻理解哲理内涵,并联系自身成长形成个性化感悟(避免感悟浮于表面)。
Part 1 Section A 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. upon prep. 在……上 2. bite v. (bit) 咬;咬伤
3. hunter n. 猎人;搜寻者 4. promise v. 承诺;保证 n. 承诺;诺言
5. war n. 战争 6. neighbour n. 邻居
7. wise adj. 明智的;高明的 8. emperor n. 皇帝
9. lie v. 撒谎 n. 谎言 10. pretend v. 假装;伪装
11. official n. 官员;高级职员 12. silly adj. 愚蠢的;傻的
13. decide v. 决定 14. praise v. 赞美;表扬
15. afraid adj. 害怕的;担心的 16. suddenly adv. 突然地;出乎意料地
17. truth n. 真相;事实 18. true adj. 符合事实的;真正的
19. hate v. 不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌 20. king n. 君主;国王
21. artist n. 美术家;艺术家 22. smile v. 微笑 n. 微笑;笑容
二、重点短语
1. make up 编造;组成 2. bite through 咬穿
3. promise to do ... 承诺做……,答应做…… 4. long ago 很久以前
5. once upon a time 从前;很久以前 6. lie to sb 对某人撒谎;欺骗某人
7. at first 起初,最初 8. tell the truth 说实话
9. pretend to do ... 假装做…… 10. look at one another 相互看着;彼此看着
11. make money 赚钱 12. get out 逃脱;离开
13. all over 到处;遍及
三、重点句型
1. They pretended to make the clothes.
他们假装在制作衣服。
2. The emperor couldn't see anything either.
皇帝也什么都看不见。
3. No one wanted to look silly.
没有人想看起来愚蠢。
4. The emperor has no clothes on!
皇帝什么衣服都没穿!
5. He promised to help the lion, and the lion let him go.
他答应帮助狮子,狮子便放了他。
6. It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well!
我花了几个月才学会如何把马画好!
Part 2 Section B 基础知识
一、重点单词
1. ugly adj. 丑陋的;难看的 2. real adj. 真的,真正的
3. search v. 寻找;搜寻 4. hen n. 母鸡
5. hopefully adv. 有希望地 6. lay v. (laid) 下(蛋);放置;搁
7. feather n. 羽毛 8. fisherman n. (pl. fishermen) 渔夫
9. fishing n. 钓鱼;捕鱼 10. die v. 死亡;消失
11. set v. 使处于某种状况;使开始 12. rich adj. 富有的;富含的
13. powerful adj. 强大的;有影响力的
二、重点短语
1. laugh at 嘲笑 2. go away 走开
3. search for 寻找 4. look down 低头看
5. to sb's surprise 出乎某人的意料 6. be friendly to ... 对……友好
7. only if 只有 8. come out 出现;盛开
9. make a promise 许下诺言 10. set ... free 释放……
11. instead of 而不是;代替 12. succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事
13. in the end 最后;终究
三、重点句型
1. But the other ducklings still laughed at him and told him to go away.
但是其他小鸭子仍然嘲笑他,并让他离开。
2. He met many other birds, but all of them thought that he was ugly too.
他遇到了许多其他的鸟,但它们都认为他很丑。
3. There, he saw three beautiful swans with long necks and white feathers.
在那里,他看到了三只美丽的天鹅,它们有长长的脖子和洁白的羽毛。
4. My friend, you do look like us!
我的朋友,你确实很像我们。
5. The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too!
小鸭低下头,令他惊讶的是,他看到自己竟然也是一只美丽的白天鹅!
6. You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs.
只有当你会咕噜叫或者下蛋时,你才受欢迎。
7. If anyone set me free, I would kill them instead of giving them anything.
如果有人释放我,我会杀了他们,而不是给他们任何东西。
Part 3 知识点详解
1. Here's The Emperor's New Clothes by Hans Christian Andersen.
这是汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生的《皇帝的新装》。
【详解】
英文书名、报刊名、电影名等通常使用斜体(Italics)来表示,在手写或无法使用斜体时,可使用下划线(Underline)代替。
大小写规则(Title Case):
实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词)首字母必须大写。
虚词(冠词 a/an/the、短介词 at/in/on/of/for、并列连词 and/or/but)通常小写,除非它们位于书名的开头。
常见错误:将所有单词都大写(全大写仅用于强调或标题缩写),或者将短介词/冠词也大写。
英文书名的写法通常可以归纳为四个要点:
(1)采用斜体形式。
(2)确保书名的第一个单词首字母大写。
(3)从第二个单词开始,所有实词的首字母均需大写,而冠词、少于五个字母的介词以及连词的首字母一般保持小写。
(4)在书名之后,除了问号和感叹号,一般不添加其他标点符号。
【典例】根据规则,将下列书名改写为正确格式。
1.the old man and the sea
2.a tale of two cities
审题关键:判断哪些是实词,哪些是虚词,并注意第一个单词和大小写。
规范解答:1.The Old Man and the Sea; 2.A Tale of Two Cities
方法总结:首词大写,实词大写,虚词小写(5字母以上介词除外)。
【即练1】将下列书名改写为正确格式。
1.pride and prejudice
2.the catcher in the rye
答案:1.Pride and Prejudice; 2.The Catcher in the Rye
解析:1.Pride (名词), Prejudice (名词) 大写,and (连词) 小写。2.The (首词) 大写,Catcher (名词), Rye (名词) 大写,in (介词) 小写。
【即练2】Which of the following is the correct way to write a book title?
A. the lord of the rings
B. Lord of the Rings
C. The Lord of the Rings
D. The lord of the Rings
答案:C
解析:首词 The 大写,实词 Lord, Rings 大写,虚词 of 小写。所以选 C。
2. What lovely clothes!
多漂亮的衣服!
【详解】这个句子是由 what 加复数名词的感叹句,省略了主语和谓语,主要用来修饰名词。
What lovely clothes! = What lovely clothes they are!
What引导感叹句时通常有两种结构,主语和谓语常可以省略:
1.What + a / an + (形容词) + 单数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
2.What + (形容词) + 可数名词复数 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
3.What + (形容词) + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
易错点:
a/an 的使用:完全取决于紧跟其后的名词发音(单数可数名词前必须有a/an)。
不可数名词陷阱:不可数名词前绝不能加 a/an,且通常没有复数形式。
【典例】将下列句子改为感叹句。
1.This is a cute dog.
2.These are interesting books.
审题关键:找准被修饰的名词,判断其单复数及可数性。
规范解答:1.What a cute dog (it is)! 2.What interesting books (they are)!
方法总结:找名词定冠词,单数可数找a/an,复数不可数直接跟。
【即练1】根据提示完成感叹句。
1.______ ______ news it is! (多么令人震惊的消息)
2.______ ______ lovely girl she is! (她是多么可爱的女孩)
答案:1.What shocking; 2.What a
解析:1.news 是不可数名词,故用 What + adj.,不加 a。2.girl 是单数可数名词,故用 What a + adj.。
【即练2】选择正确的词填空。
A. What B. What a C. What an
_____ clever boy!
_____ heavy rain!
_____ fast cars!
答案:1. B 2. A 3. A
解析:1.boy 单数可数,clever辅音开头用 a。2.rain 不可数名词,直接用 What。3.cars 复数名词,直接用 What。
3. Two brothers came and lied to him ...
两兄弟来了,对他撒谎……
【详解】句中 lie 意为“说谎”,是规则动词,其过去式是 lied。
lie 还可以作名词,意为“谎言”。例如:tell a lie / tell lies 撒谎
lie 表示“躺;卧;位于;放置”时,是不规则动词,其过去式是 lay。
常见搭配:
lie to sb. (对某人说谎)
tell a lie / tell lies (说谎)
lie on the bed (躺在床上)
lie in the box (躺在盒子里)
【典例】用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.He _______ (lie) to his mother yesterday.
2.Yesterday he felt so tired that he _______ (lie) on the sofa.
审题关键:读懂句意,判断是“说谎”还是“躺;放置”。然后根据时态填写适当形式。
规范解答:1.lied 2.lay
方法总结:做适当形式填空时,先根据句意选择单词。再根据标志词确定时态。然后根据变化规则填写适当形式。
【即练1】选择括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1.The book is interesting. I don't think it is a _______. (lie)
2.She _______ (lie) on the beach and enjoyed the sunshine.
答案:1.lie (名词,谎言);2. lay (动词,躺,过去式)
解析:1.前面有不定冠词 a,后面需要填名词形式。2.并列谓语 enjoyed 是过去时,结合语境“躺在沙滩上”,用 lie 的过去式 lay。
4. He doesn't look like us! 他看起来不像我们!
【详解】在本课语境中,like 不是动词(“喜欢”),而是介词(Prep.),意为“像……一样”。
句中 like 是介词,意为“像;类似;相似”。look like 的用法如下:
(1) 表示“(长相或外表特征)看起来像;与……相似”。
What does he look like? 他长什么样子?
(2) 表示“看来要;好像要”。例如:
It looks like rain. 看来要下雨。
易混辨析:be like vs look like
be like 侧重性格、品质或内在特征。
He is kind like his mother. 他像妈妈一样善良。
look like 侧重外在长相。
He looks like his mother. 他长得像他妈妈。
【典例】根据句意及中文提示,用 look like 或 be like 的适当形式完成句子。
1.— What does your new English teacher _______?
— She is tall with glasses. She _______ a movie star!
2.The sky is so dark. It _______ rain. Let's hurry home.
3.My brother is very funny and always makes me laugh. He _______ a clown, but a happy one.
审题关键:区分询问/描述“外在长相”用 look like ,询问/描述“性格、内在特征”用 be like 。
注意 look like 还可表示“看来要……”,主语可以是 it 或表示情况的词。根据主语和时态确定动词形式。
规范解答:1.look like; looks like 2.looks like 3.is like
解析:1.第一问“她长什么样子”,询问外貌,用 What does ... look like? 。答语描述外貌“她看起来像个电影明星”,用 look like ,主语 She 为第三人称单数,故填 looks like 。2.句意表示对天气的推测“看来要下雨”,用 look like ,主语 It 为第三人称单数,故填 looks like 。3.句意描述哥哥“很有趣、让人笑”的性格特征,侧重内在品质,应用 be like ,主语 He 为第三人称单数,故填 is like 。
方法总结:先辨“内”与“外”,外貌推测用look like,性格品质用be like。再根据主语和时态调整形式。
【即练1】Look at the clouds! It _______ a big dragon.
A. looks like
B. is like
C. look like
D. are like
答案:A
解析:句意为“看那些云!它看起来像一条大龙。”此处是描述云朵的外形像什么,应用 look like 表示“看起来像”。主语 It 是第三人称单数,故选A。
【即练2】— What does your sister _______?
— She is tall with long black hair.
A. like B. look C. look like D. be like
答案:C
解析:根据答语“She is tall with long black hair.”(外貌描写),可知问题是询问长相,固定搭配为 What does sb. look like?。
5. I wish I looked like you!
我希望我看起来像你们!/ 我好想长得跟你们一样啊!
【详解】“I wish + (that)从句”是一个典型的虚拟语气的结构,表达一种不可能实现的愿望。从句用过去式表示与现在事实不符或相反的情况,动词be (am, is, are) 则用过去式 were。
【典例】I am very busy now. I don't have enough time to play games.(用 I wish 改写)
I _______ I _______ more time to play games.
审题关键:分析句意,发现是“现在的愿望”,且事实是“没时间”,所以用一般过去时。
规范解答:wish; had
完整句:I wish I had more time to play games.
方法总结:看到 wish 找愿望,现在的愿望往回退一格(用过去时)。
【即练1】根据中文提示完成句子。
我希望我是一只自由的小鸟。(事实上我不是)
I wish I _______ a free bird.
答案:were
解析:我希望我是一只自由的小鸟,事实上我不是。wish后的宾语从句表示与将来事实相反的愿望时,谓语动词用过去式were。
【即练2】— It’s freezing cold today.
— I wish it _______ warm right now.
A. is B. will be C. could be D. were
答案:D
解析:wish后从句表达与现在事实相反的愿望,be动词统一使用were,句中right now提示描述当下,因此选were。
6. My friend, you do look like us! 我的朋友,你确实看起来像我们!/ 你就是和我们长得一样呀!
【详解】句中 do 为助动词,意为“确实”,起加强语气的作用。在一般现在时或一般过去时的句子中,谓语动词是实义动词时,通常可以用“do / does / did + 动词原形”来强调动词,意为“确实;真的”。
do 还可在肯定祈使句前加强语气,表示“务必;一定”。
例如:Do be careful! 一定要小心!
【典例】完成句子
你今天确实需要完成作业。
You _______ ________ to finish your homework today.
审题关键:根据句意判断是否需要对谓语进行强调。
规范解答:do need
方法总结:看到中文提示“确实”、“真的”、“务必”,考虑使用 do/does/did + v. 结构。注意时态一致。
【即练1】将下列句子翻译成英语。
1.我真的喜欢这部电影。
2.请务必小心驾驶。
答案:1.I do like this movie. 2.Do drive carefully.
解析:1.强调现在的喜好,用 do + like。2.祈使句前加 Do 表示强烈叮嘱。
【即练2】按要求改写句子。
He studies hard every day. (改为强调句,表达表扬)
_______ _______ _______ hard every day.
答案:He does study
解析:主语是 He,时态是一般现在时,强调动词用 does + study。
一、单词拼写
根据句意及首字母或中文提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The e__________ wore nothing but a pair of shoes in the parade.
答案:emperor
解析:句意“皇帝在游行中除了一双鞋什么都没穿”,emperor意为“皇帝”。
2.Don’t l__________ to me! Tell me the t__________.
答案:lie; truth
解析:句意“不要对我撒谎!告诉我真相”,lie作动词“撒谎”,truth作名词“真相”。
3.The little duck was u__________, but later it became a beautiful swan.
答案:ugly
解析:句意“小鸭子很丑,但后来变成了美丽的天鹅”,ugly意为“丑陋的”。
4.My grandpa likes f__________ by the river on weekends.
答案:fishing
解析:句意“我爷爷周末喜欢在河边钓鱼”,fishing为动名词作宾语。
5.He p__________ to help me, but he didn’t keep his word.
答案:promised
解析:句意“他承诺帮助我,但没有遵守诺言”,promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”,根据后文didn’t可知用过去式。
二、单项选择
6.— What __________ lovely weather!
— Yes, let’s go out for a walk.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
答案:D
解析:weather是不可数名词,感叹句结构为What + adj. + 不可数名词,不加冠词。
7.The boy __________ to his mother that he __________ the book on the table.
A. lay; lay B. lied; lay C. lay; lied D. lied; laid
答案:B
解析:第一空“对母亲撒谎”用lied(lie的过去式);第二空“书平放在桌上”用lay(lie“放置”的过去式)。
8.I wish I __________ fly like a bird.
A. can B. could C. will D. may
答案:B
解析:wish后接虚拟语气,对现在愿望用一般过去时,can变为could。
9.— You didn’t finish your homework.
— I __________ finish it! I left it at home.
A. do B. does C. did D. am
答案:C
解析:强调过去发生的动作“确实完成了”,用did + 动词原形。
10.— What does your best friend __________?
— She is kind and helpful.
A. look like B. be like C. like D. looks like
答案:B
解析:答语描述性格品质,询问“某人怎么样”用What is sb. like? 助动词does后用动词原形be。
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
11.Look! The cat __________ (lie) on the sofa comfortably.
答案:is lying
解析:根据Look!可知用现在进行时,lie的现在分词为lying。
12.He __________ (not want) to look silly, so he said nothing.
答案:didn’t want
解析:描述过去的事情,用一般过去时否定,didn’t + 动词原形。
13.What __________ (beautiful) flowers they are!
答案:beautiful
解析:感叹句结构What + adj. + 复数名词,beautiful作定语修饰flowers。
14.She __________ (real) likes reading stories.
答案:really
解析:修饰动词likes用副词really,意为“真正地”。
15.They pretended __________ (make) the special clothes.
答案:to make
解析:pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”,不定式作宾语。
四、完成句子
根据中文提示完成句子,每空一词。
16.这本书是马克·吐温写的。
This book is __________ Mark Twain.
答案:by
解析:by表示“由……创作”。
17.他看起来一点也不像他哥哥。
He doesn’t __________ __________ his brother at all.
答案:look like
解析:look like“看起来像”,doesn’t后接动词原形。
18.我希望我现在在学校。
I wish I __________ at school now.
答案:were
解析:wish后对现在虚拟,be动词用were。
19.务必准时到达。
__________ arrive on time.
答案:Do
解析:祈使句前加Do表示强调“务必”。
20.小鸭子低下头,令它惊讶的是,它看到了自己的倒影。
The duckling __________ down, and to its __________, it saw itself in the water.
答案:looked; surprise
解析:look down“低头”;to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。
五、阅读理解
阅读短文,根据内容选择最佳答案。
Long long ago, there was an emperor who loved new clothes very much. One day, two cheats came and said they could make magic clothes. Only clever people could see the clothes. The emperor believed them and gave them much gold. The cheats pretended to work day and night. When the emperor went to see the “clothes”, he saw nothing. But he didn’t want to look stupid, so he said the clothes were beautiful. All his officials also said they could see the clothes. On the parade day, the emperor walked in the street wearing nothing. A little child cried out, “The emperor has no clothes on!”
21.Why did the emperor give the cheats much gold?
A. Because they were his friends.
B. Because they made real clothes.
C. Because he believed their words.
D. Because the gold was cheap.
答案:C
解析:原文“The emperor believed them and gave them much gold.”可知皇帝相信了他们的话。
22.What did the emperor see when he went to check the clothes?
A. Beautiful clothes. B. Nothing. C. Magic clothes. D. Some gold.
答案:B
解析:原文“he saw nothing”可知他什么也没看见。
23.Why did the officials say they could see the clothes?
A. They really saw them. B. They wanted to please the emperor.
C. They were clever. D. They liked the cheats.
答案:B
解析:官员们不想显得愚蠢,所以附和皇帝,目的是讨好皇帝。
24.Who told the truth at last?
A. The emperor. B. The officials. C. A child. D. The cheats.
答案:C
解析:原文“A little child cried out...”可知小孩说出了真相。
25.What can we learn from the story?
A. We should love new clothes.
B. Cheats are always successful.
C. We should be honest and not be afraid to tell the truth.
D. Emperors are always foolish.
答案:C
解析:故事寓意是要诚实,敢于说真话,不要虚荣。
六、完形填空
阅读短文,从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
A mother duck was sitting on her eggs. One egg was much bigger than the others. At last, it broke, and a large, ugly duckling came out. The other ducklings 26________ at him and told him to go away. The poor duckling felt very 27________. He decided to 28________.
He met some wild ducks, but they didn’t like him. Then he met a hen and a cat. The hen asked, “Can you lay 29________?” “No,” said the duckling. “Then you are not 30________ here,” said the hen. The cat asked, “Can you 31________?” “No,” said the duckling. “Then go away,” said the cat.
32________ came. The duckling was cold and hungry. One day, he saw some beautiful swans. He wished he were as beautiful as them. Spring came. The duckling 33________ down into the water. To his 34________, he saw a beautiful white 35________! He was not an ugly duckling any more. He was a swan!
26.A. laughed B. smiled C. cried D. shouted
答案:A
解析:此处考查动词辨析与固定搭配。原文语境为“The other ducklings laughed at him”,其他小鸭子嘲笑他。laugh at sb. 是固定短语,意为“嘲笑某人”,与后文“told him to go away”构成连贯的因果逻辑,故A正确。
27.A. happy B. angry C. sad D. excited
答案:C
解析:此处考查形容词辨析与上下文逻辑。前文描述小鸭子被嘲笑和驱赶,因此这只可怜的小鸭子感到“伤心”(felt very sad)是合理的情绪递进。happy(开心)、angry(生气)、excited(兴奋)均不符合被排挤后的心境。
28.A. stay B. leave C. sleep D. eat
答案:B
解析:此处考查动词辨析与上下文逻辑。前文提到他感到伤心,并“决定离开(这个让他伤心的地方)”,decided to leave 是合理的后续行为。stay(留下)与情感逻辑相反。
29.A. eggs B. meat C. milk D. bread
答案:A
解析:此处考查名词辨析与生活常识。根据角色设定,母鸡(hen)的问话自然围绕其自身特性,即“下蛋”(lay eggs)。其他选项非母鸡的典型行为关联词。
30.A. welcome B. friendly C. lucky D. rich
答案:A
解析:此处考查形容词辨析与固定表达。(be) welcome 意为“受欢迎的”,是常用表达。母鸡的逻辑是“如果你不会下蛋,那你在这里就不受欢迎”,与前后文构成条件关系。friendly(友好的)通常描述人的态度,不适用于此结构。
31.A. sing B. dance C. swim D. purr
答案:D
解析:此处考查动词辨析与生活常识。根据角色设定,猫(cat)的典型特征是会“发出咕噜声”(purr)。其他选项非猫的典型行为特征。
32.A. summer B. winter C. autumn D. spring
答案:B
解析:此处考查名词辨析与上下文逻辑。后文紧接着描述“The duckling was cold and hungry”(小鸭子又冷又饿),这与“冬天”(Winter)的季节特征完全吻合。其他季节均不直接导致“又冷又饿”的困境。
33.A. looked B. listened C. touched D. tasted
答案:A
解析:此处考查动词辨析与固定搭配。look down into the water 意为“低头看进水里”,是后文“看到倒影”这个动作的前提。其他感官动词无法与“into the water”合理搭配以达成“看到”的结果。
34.A. pride B. sadness C. surprise D. fear
答案:C
解析:此处考查名词辨析与固定短语。to one’s surprise 是固定短语,意为“令某人惊讶的是”。后文描述他看到了意想不到的景象(自己变成了天鹅),用“惊讶”最符合剧情转折。pride(骄傲)、sadness(悲伤)、fear(恐惧)均不符合语境。
35.A. duck B. chicken C. swan D. goose
答案:C
解析:此处考查名词辨析与故事主旨。这是《丑小鸭》故事的经典结局:丑小鸭实际是一只天鹅(swan)。前文他已看到美丽的天鹅并希望像它们一样,此处的发现正是对故事核心寓意的揭示,故C正确。
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