专题09 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 语法、写作讲解(暑假讲义)-2026年新高一英语暑期预习讲义 (译林版)

2026-06-24
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语译林版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
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文件大小 309 KB
发布时间 2026-06-24
更新时间 2026-06-24
作者 小米夏
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审核时间 2026-06-24
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专题09 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 语法、写作讲解 语法:关系代词引导定语从句 巧梳理·知识框图 一、定语从句的定义 在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被从句所修饰的词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种,关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有when,where,why。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1.who的用法 示例:①The person who tricked me was one of my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。 ②He is the man who I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。 归纳:who 指人,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。 2.whom的用法 示例:①Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about.杰克是你应该关心的人。 ②The old man (whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather. 女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。 归纳:whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。 3.which的用法 示例:①The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一台能飞的机器。 ②The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 归纳:which 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。 4.that的用法 示例:①The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 ②The number of people that/who come to visit the city reaches one million every year.每年来参观这个城市的人数达到一百万。 归纳:that既指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略。 5.whose的用法 示例:①He lives in the room whose window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。 ②This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位全国闻名的科学家。 归纳:whose 既可指人也可指物,在从句中修饰名词,作定语。 三、疑难点津 1.宜用that不宜用which的情况 ①当先行词是all,little,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,some等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做了。 ②当先行词被all,every,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,the right,the last,just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 ③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 ④当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。 2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 Those who are over 45 won’t be permitted into the hall.超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。 [温馨提示] “one of+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用复数形式;“the only one of+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。 3.为避免关系词的重复,被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观过的那家工厂。 随堂练习 一.用适当的关系代词填空 1.She has a brother name I can’t remember. 2.The book I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 3.The persons were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 4.This is the best film we have ever made about friendship. 5.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 二.用定语从句合并句子 1.The city is near the sea.The city is very beautiful. →The city 2.I live next door to a couple.Their children often make a lot of noise. →I live next door to a couple . 3.The woman is my mother.You are looking after her. → is my mother. 三.用适当的关系代词填空 1.Any man has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item. 2.We often talk about the persons and things we remember. 3.She is the only one of the children is good at music here. 4.The first place she visited in China was the History Museum. 5.Those want to go to the party must be at the school gate by 5 pm. 6.The film you are looking forward to seeing will be on next week. 四.单句写作——用定语从句完成下列句子 1.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。(that) . 2.你想买那本内容非常鼓舞人心的书吗?(whose) ? 3.打破窗户的那个男孩叫汤姆。(who) . 4.她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。(that) . 写作精讲 描述好朋友的品质 关于描写好朋友的增分素材 描写好朋 友的词汇 ①considerate adj.体贴的 ②benefit v.使受益;得益于n.益处;好处 ③harmonious adj.和谐的;和睦的 ④optimistic adj.乐观的 ⑤be generous in giving help乐于助人 ⑥take...seriously认真对待…… ⑦think highly/much of...对……评价高 ⑧share joys and sorrows分享快乐与悲伤 描写好朋 友的句子 ①A good friend is one of the most important parts of everyone's life. 好朋友是每个人一生中最重要的部分之一。 ②A good friend is like the sun in the sky, and it lights up our life. 好朋友就像天上的太阳,它照亮了我们的生活。 ③We need friends to share our joys and sorrows; otherwise we would feel lonely. 我们需要朋友来分享我们的欢乐和悲伤,否则我们会感到孤独。 ④As far as I am concerned, true friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the test of time.就我而言,真正的友谊很大程度上是以相互支持为基础的,这可以经得起时间的考验。 ⑤We should lend a helping hand when our friends are in need, and only in this way can we maintain friendships.当我们的朋友需要帮助时,我们应该伸出援助之手,只有这样我们才能保持友谊。 ⑥A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect. 好朋友是尊重我们和我们尊重的人。 ⑦True friends are those who never desert us even when we are in trouble. 真正的朋友是那些即使我们有困难也决不会抛弃我们的人。 ⑧True friends offer us sincere and selfless help, even at the cost of their own interests. 真正的朋友给我们提供真诚无私的帮助,甚至不惜牺牲自己的利益。 写作题目   假设你是李华,你的笔友Jack来信询问你“什么是好朋友”,请你给他回一封信,内容包括: 1.你对好朋友的看法; 2.好朋友应具备的品质。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。                                                                                                                                                                                           思路点拨 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.      n.品质,品德  2.      adv.实际上;真正地  3.       不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦  4.       在某人看来  二.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:对好朋友的看法 (1)To make friends is easy, but                    (交到好朋友) is not easy.  (2)The concept of a good friend                         (因人而异).  (3)              (依我看), a good friend should have the following          (基本品质).  第二段:好朋友应具备的品质 (4)Good friends should               (对……坦诚) each other.  (5)Good friends should               (互相帮助) if they are in trouble.  (6)                   (正如谚语所说), a friend in need is a friend indeed.  (7)Anyone                                             (能与你同甘共苦的) must be your good friend.  2.句式升级 (8)将句(1)改为含形式主语it的句子                                                               (9)用whoever引导主语从句改写句(7)                                                               连句成篇 Dear Jack, make good ones. Of course, the concept of a good friend varies from person to person. In my opinion, a good friend should have the following basic qualities. First, good friends should be honest with each other. Second, good friends should help each other if they are in Third, whoever must be your good friend. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 实战演练   进入高中,你是否想结交好朋友?你认为好朋友应该具有什么样的品质?如何才能和同学成为好朋友?请以“What Makes a Good Friend?”为题写一篇文章,阐述你的观点。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 What Makes a Good Friend?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       综合训练 一.语法专练 (1)单句语法填空 1.The Pursuit of Happyness is the best film       I have seen recently.  2.Lisa is an outstanding graduate       life story has greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates.  3.Yesterday I met a foreigner with a boy in the park       could speak Chinese very well.  4.This particular feature also means we typically prefer things       offer minimum effort for maximum reward.  5.He is no longer the man       he was.  6.Anyone       leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.  7.He was interested in all       he saw at the exhibition.  8.Don't stand close to the house       roof is under repair.  9. I'm curious about the person with       Mr. Smith is talking.  10.So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at       I was sure to fail?  (2).完成句子 1.只要有强大的意志,我们就能够克服任何困难。 As long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to                    .  2.困境往往能使一个人最好的品质显现出来。 A difficult situation can often                          of a person.(读后续写—主旨升华)  3.汤姆和莉萨多年来一直是最好的朋友,他们团结一致,同甘共苦。 Tom and Lisa have been best friends for years, and they've stuck together                    .  4.I really don't know whether I will accept her invitation or not.(句型转换) → I really don't know                her invitation or not.  5.在我看来,信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,我不能承受失去它。(一句多译) ①In my opinion, trust is                          a parent-child relationship      it's something that I can't afford to lose.(such...that...)  ②In my opinion, trust is                          a parent-child relationship      it's something that I can't afford to lose.(so...that...)  二.写作训练 1.假如你是李华,你的同学Lucy发现被好朋友欺骗了,很是苦恼,不知道还该不该继续她们的友谊。于是她向你询问“什么是真正的朋友?”,请你根据下面的提示给她写一封电子邮件。 1.真正朋友的特点是:…… 2.学着去了解别人,找到真正的好朋友; 3.表达祝愿。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.假如你是李华,最近收到了你的美国朋友Jenny的来信。她在信中说,由于刚进入高中,还不能适应新的环境,不知道如何去结交新朋友,因而情绪低落。请根据以下内容给她回信。 1.向Jenny表示问候和慰问。 2.针对她的问题提出以下建议: (1)放学后邀请同学一起参加活动; (2)同学遇到麻烦时去帮助他们; (3)遇到困难时向同学求助。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.信的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。 Dear Jenny, I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering the high school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 3.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Friendship in the Digital Age”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示,写一篇演讲稿。内容包括: 1.讲述一次你个人利用社交媒体维护友谊或结识新朋友的经历; 2.分析网络交友现象可能带来的利与弊; 3.谈谈你认为什么是真正的友谊。 注意: (1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯; (3)演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Jin from Class 1, Grade 10. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 4.假设你是李华,今年暑假期间,你参加了“英语夏令营”活动,在英国和Tom成为了好朋友,请你根据下面所给的提示,为某中学生英语学习网站正在举行的以“Friendship”为主题的征文活动写一篇100词左右的英语短文,介绍你的好朋友Tom. 内容包括:1. Tom是一名高中生,性格随和,乐于助人。 2. 我们相处融洽。 3. 我刚来英国,语言上有障碍,不愿和他人交流,想家;Tom帮我学英语,鼓励我记日记,记下在英国的生活,我不再感到孤独。 4. 我们成了好朋友,一直保持着联系。 注意:可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 随和 easy-going  交流 communicate  记日记 keep a diary 孤独 lonely _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.假设你是吴东,你在网上认识了一个美国朋友Jack,他来信向你诉说交朋友的烦恼,要求你就friendship这个话题发表你的观点和看法并给他一些建议。于是你根据你所了解的情况给他回了一封e-mail. 写作内容: 1.友谊是每个人生活中最重要的事情之一,没有朋友,人会孤独的; 2.多与朋友交流,让朋友知道你想与他交朋友以及你对朋友及友谊的理解; 3.真正的朋友应该同甘共苦; 4.邀请朋友参加一些活动如游泳、球赛等,赢得真正的友谊。 注意:1. 词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。故宫the Palace Museum Dear Mary, Here’s a good opportunity for you to learn about the Chinese culture right in China. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.主题——Friendship in Modern Society 在我们走在人生之路上时,朋友是不可或缺的一个重要部分。好的友谊可以给我们带来许多好处,如安慰我们的心灵,启迪我们的思维,帮助我们达成目标等。一个真正的朋友是一个我们可以依赖的人,一个可以和我们分享快乐与悲伤的人,一个可以看见我们真实的自我的人。 虽然现代化的社交媒体正在改变我们的交友方式,甚至正侵蚀着友谊的意义,但是友谊本身并没有变。我们必须谨慎选择朋友,用心经营友谊,这样的话我们可以变成更快乐、睿智、更满足的人。请以Friendship in Modern Society为题写一篇征文。 写作要点: 1. 友谊的积极作用; 2. 当代社交媒体对友谊发展的负面影响,如缺少面对面的交流,网络欺凌等; 3. 如何在现实生活中维持友谊(至少两点)。 写作要求:1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:网络欺凌 cyberbullying Friendship in Modern Society ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题09 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 语法、写作讲解 语法:关系代词引导定语从句 巧梳理·知识框图 一、定语从句的定义 在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被从句所修饰的词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种,关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有when,where,why。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1.who的用法 示例:①The person who tricked me was one of my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。 ②He is the man who I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。 归纳:who 指人,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。 2.whom的用法 示例:①Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about.杰克是你应该关心的人。 ②The old man (whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather. 女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。 归纳:whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。 3.which的用法 示例:①The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一台能飞的机器。 ②The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 归纳:which 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略。 4.that的用法 示例:①The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 ②The number of people that/who come to visit the city reaches one million every year.每年来参观这个城市的人数达到一百万。 归纳:that既指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可以省略。 5.whose的用法 示例:①He lives in the room whose window faces south.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。 ②This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位全国闻名的科学家。 归纳:whose 既可指人也可指物,在从句中修饰名词,作定语。 三、疑难点津 1.宜用that不宜用which的情况 ①当先行词是all,little,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,some等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做了。 ②当先行词被all,every,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,the right,the last,just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 ③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 ④当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。 2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 Those who are over 45 won’t be permitted into the hall.超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。 [温馨提示] “one of+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用复数形式;“the only one of+复数名词”作先行词,谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。 3.为避免关系词的重复,被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观过的那家工厂。 随堂练习 一.用适当的关系代词填空 1.She has a brother name I can’t remember. 2.The book I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 3.The persons were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 4.This is the best film we have ever made about friendship. 5.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 【答案】1.whose 2.which/that3. who/that4.that 5.which/that 二.用定语从句合并句子 1.The city is near the sea.The city is very beautiful. →The city 2.I live next door to a couple.Their children often make a lot of noise. →I live next door to a couple . 3.The woman is my mother.You are looking after her. → is my mother. 【答案】1.which/that is near the sea is very beautiful. 2.whose children often make a lot of noise. 3.The woman that/who/whom you are looking after 三.用适当的关系代词填空 1.Any man has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item. 2.We often talk about the persons and things we remember. 3.She is the only one of the children is good at music here. 4.The first place she visited in China was the History Museum. 5.Those want to go to the party must be at the school gate by 5 pm. 6.The film you are looking forward to seeing will be on next week. 【答案】1.that/who2.that 3.who 4.that 5.who 6.that/which 四.单句写作——用定语从句完成下列句子 1.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。(that) . 2.你想买那本内容非常鼓舞人心的书吗?(whose) ? 3.打破窗户的那个男孩叫汤姆。(who) . 4.她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。(that) . 【答案】1.This is the most beautiful park that I have visited 2.Would you like to buy that book whose content is very inspiring? 3.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 4.She is the only one of the employees in the company that has received little education. 写作精讲 描述好朋友的品质 关于描写好朋友的增分素材 描写好朋 友的词汇 ①considerate adj.体贴的 ②benefit v.使受益;得益于n.益处;好处 ③harmonious adj.和谐的;和睦的 ④optimistic adj.乐观的 ⑤be generous in giving help乐于助人 ⑥take...seriously认真对待…… ⑦think highly/much of...对……评价高 ⑧share joys and sorrows分享快乐与悲伤 描写好朋 友的句子 ①A good friend is one of the most important parts of everyone's life. 好朋友是每个人一生中最重要的部分之一。 ②A good friend is like the sun in the sky, and it lights up our life. 好朋友就像天上的太阳,它照亮了我们的生活。 ③We need friends to share our joys and sorrows; otherwise we would feel lonely. 我们需要朋友来分享我们的欢乐和悲伤,否则我们会感到孤独。 ④As far as I am concerned, true friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the test of time.就我而言,真正的友谊很大程度上是以相互支持为基础的,这可以经得起时间的考验。 ⑤We should lend a helping hand when our friends are in need, and only in this way can we maintain friendships.当我们的朋友需要帮助时,我们应该伸出援助之手,只有这样我们才能保持友谊。 ⑥A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect. 好朋友是尊重我们和我们尊重的人。 ⑦True friends are those who never desert us even when we are in trouble. 真正的朋友是那些即使我们有困难也决不会抛弃我们的人。 ⑧True friends offer us sincere and selfless help, even at the cost of their own interests. 真正的朋友给我们提供真诚无私的帮助,甚至不惜牺牲自己的利益。 写作题目   假设你是李华,你的笔友Jack来信询问你“什么是好朋友”,请你给他回一封信,内容包括: 1.你对好朋友的看法; 2.好朋友应具备的品质。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。                                                                                                                                                                                           思路点拨 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.      n.品质,品德  2.      adv.实际上;真正地  3.       不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦  4.       在某人看来  【答案】1.quality 2.indeed 3.through thick and thin 4.in one's opinion 二.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:对好朋友的看法 (1)To make friends is easy, but                    (交到好朋友) is not easy.  (2)The concept of a good friend                         (因人而异).  (3)              (依我看), a good friend should have the following          (基本品质).  第二段:好朋友应具备的品质 (4)Good friends should               (对……坦诚) each other.  (5)Good friends should               (互相帮助) if they are in trouble.  (6)                   (正如谚语所说), a friend in need is a friend indeed.  (7)Anyone                                             (能与你同甘共苦的) must be your good friend.  【答案】(1)to make good ones (2)varies from person to person (3)In my opinion; basic qualities (4)be honest with (5)help each other (6)As the saying goes (7)who can be with you through thick and thin 2.句式升级 (8)将句(1)改为含形式主语it的句子                                                               (9)用whoever引导主语从句改写句(7)                                                               【答案】(8)It is easy to make friends, but not easy to make good ones. (9)Whoever can be with you through thick and thin must be your good friend. 连句成篇 Dear Jack, make good ones. Of course, the concept of a good friend varies from person to person. In my opinion, a good friend should have the following basic qualities. First, good friends should be honest with each other. Second, good friends should help each other if they are in Third, whoever must be your good friend. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 实战演练   进入高中,你是否想结交好朋友?你认为好朋友应该具有什么样的品质?如何才能和同学成为好朋友?请以“What Makes a Good Friend?”为题写一篇文章,阐述你的观点。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 What Makes a Good Friend?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       【答案】 What Makes a Good Friend?   A good friend is like the sun, without which our life would be dark and cold. How can we develop deep friendships with others? In my opinion, what matters most in making good friends are honesty and trust. If you share your secret with a friend who will tell it to others, I can't imagine you can be friends with such a person for long. In addition, understanding also plays an important role in keeping a deep friendship. Last but not least, tolerance is also of great importance. When our good friends make mistakes, we should be generous, because saints are not perfect, let alone ordinary people. Keep these in mind, and you will find yourself surrounded by good friends wherever you go. 1.重点词汇 ①in addition另外 ②play an important role in...在……方面起重要作用 ③be of great importance很重要 ④let alone更不用说 ⑤keep...in mind记住…… 2.亮点句型 ①A good friend is like the sun, without which our life would be dark and cold.(without which引导非限制性定语从句)好朋友就像太阳,没有它,我们的生活将变得黑暗和寒冷。  ②In my opinion, what matters most in making good friends are honesty and trust. (what引导主语从句)在我看来,交好朋友最重要的是诚实和信任。  ③When our good friends make mistakes, we should be generous, because saints are not perfect, let alone ordinary people. (When引导时间状语从句;because引导原因状语从句)当我们的好朋友犯错时,我们应该宽宏大量,因为圣人都不是完美的,更不用说普通人了。  综合训练 一.语法专练 (1)单句语法填空 1.The Pursuit of Happyness is the best film       I have seen recently.  2.Lisa is an outstanding graduate       life story has greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates.  3.Yesterday I met a foreigner with a boy in the park       could speak Chinese very well.  4.This particular feature also means we typically prefer things       offer minimum effort for maximum reward.  5.He is no longer the man       he was.  6.Anyone       leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.  7.He was interested in all       he saw at the exhibition.  8.Don't stand close to the house       roof is under repair.  9. I'm curious about the person with       Mr. Smith is talking.  10.So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at       I was sure to fail?  1.【答案】that  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作宾语,先行词为film(指物),film前有the best修饰。故填that。句意:《当幸福来敲门》是我最近看过的最好的电影。 类比启发 当先行词指物,且被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词宜用that。 2.【答案】whose  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语,修饰life story,先行词为an outstanding graduate。故填whose。句意:莉萨是一名优秀的毕业生,她的人生故事极大地鼓舞了她的同学。 3.【答案】who/that  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为a boy(指人)。故填who或that。句意:昨天我在公园遇到一个带着一个男孩的外国人,那个男孩中文说得非常好。 4【答案】.that/which  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为things(指物)。故填that或which。句意:这个特征也意味着我们通常更喜欢那些付出最少努力却获得最大回报的东西。 5.【答案】that  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作表语,先行词为the man(指人),此时宜用that。故填that。句意:他不再是过去的那个人了。 6.【答案】who  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为Anyone,所以定语从句应用关系代词who引导。句意:任何最后离开房间的人都应该把灯关掉。 类比启发 当先行词是anyone或指人的代词those、one、ones或he等时,关系代词宜用who。 7.【答案】that  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作宾语,先行词为all(指物),此时宜用that。故填that。句意:他对在展览会上看到的一切都感兴趣。 类比启发 当先行词是all(指物)、anything、everything、nothing、something等不定代词或被all、every、no、the very、the only等修饰时,关系代词宜用that。 8.【答案】whose  【解析】设空处引导限制性定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语,修饰roof,先行词为the house。故填whose。句意:不要站得离屋顶正在被修理的那个房子太近。 9.【答案】whom  【解析】“with     ”引导限制性定语从句,设空处在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,直接跟在介词后,先行词为the person(指人)。故填whom。句意:我对正在和史密斯先生谈话的那个人感到好奇。  10.【答案】which  【解析】“at     ”引导限制性定语从句,设空处在定语从句中作介词at的宾语,先行词为something(指物)。故填which。句意:那么,为什么他突然强迫我做我肯定会失败的事情呢?  (2).完成句子 1.只要有强大的意志,我们就能够克服任何困难。 As long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to                    .  2.困境往往能使一个人最好的品质显现出来。 A difficult situation can often                          of a person.(读后续写—主旨升华)  3.汤姆和莉萨多年来一直是最好的朋友,他们团结一致,同甘共苦。 Tom and Lisa have been best friends for years, and they've stuck together                    .  4.I really don't know whether I will accept her invitation or not.(句型转换) → I really don't know                her invitation or not.  5.在我看来,信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,我不能承受失去它。(一句多译) ①In my opinion, trust is                          a parent-child relationship      it's something that I can't afford to lose.(such...that...)  ②In my opinion, trust is                          a parent-child relationship      it's something that I can't afford to lose.(so...that...)  【答案】1.get over any difficulty 2.bring out the best qualities3.through thick and thin 4.whether to accept 5.①such an important part of;that ②so important a part of;that 二.写作训练 1.假如你是李华,你的同学Lucy发现被好朋友欺骗了,很是苦恼,不知道还该不该继续她们的友谊。于是她向你询问“什么是真正的朋友?”,请你根据下面的提示给她写一封电子邮件。 1.真正朋友的特点是:…… 2.学着去了解别人,找到真正的好朋友; 3.表达祝愿。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Dear Lucy, I’m sorry to hear that your best friend has tricked you. I’d like to offer you some advice. Before making a decision, you’d better think the whole thing through. If your friend really tricked you on purpose, it’s time for you to let go of your friendship. First of all, a good friend is a person you can trust. Secondly, when you get into trouble, your friend will try to help you out. That is, a good friend should be helpful. Thirdly, a good friend should be understanding. Whenever you feel sad or lonely, he/she is willing to spare some time to keep you company. I hope that you will find a truly good friend, who will also value you very much. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给同学Lucy写一封邮件,就她提出的疑问“什么是真正的朋友?”给出答复。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供某人某物:offer sb. sth.→provide sb. with sth. 首先:first of all→to begin with 应该:should→be supposed to 珍视:value→treasure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句:Before making a decision, you’d better think the whole thing through. 拓展句:Before you make a decision, you’d better think the whole thing through. 【点睛】[高分句型1] If your friend really tricked you on purpose, it’s time for you to let go of your friendship.(运用了if引导条件状语从句) [高分句型2] I hope that you will find a truly good friend, who will also value you very much.(运用了that引导宾语从句,who引导非限制性定语从句) 2.假如你是李华,最近收到了你的美国朋友Jenny的来信。她在信中说,由于刚进入高中,还不能适应新的环境,不知道如何去结交新朋友,因而情绪低落。请根据以下内容给她回信。 1.向Jenny表示问候和慰问。 2.针对她的问题提出以下建议: (1)放学后邀请同学一起参加活动; (2)同学遇到麻烦时去帮助他们; (3)遇到困难时向同学求助。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.信的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。 Dear Jenny, I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering the high school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jenny, I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering the high school. You should remember that your classmates are also new there and facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. There is also something that you can do to change this situation. First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better by communicating with others. Then, help others when they are in trouble, and ask them to help you when you have difficulty. Soon, I believe you will make many new friends there. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Jenny的回信。她在信中说,由于刚进入高中,还不能适应新的环境,不知道如何去结交新朋友,因而情绪低落。在回信时向Jenny表示问候和慰问,针对她的问题提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加:take part in→ participate in 帮助您理解:help you understand→ assist you in understanding 陷入困境:in trouble→ in a tight place 请求:ask →request 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句:First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better by communicating with others. 拓展句:First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school, which will help you understand each other better by communicating with others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You should remember that your classmates are also new there and facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. (使用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】There is also something that you can do to change this situation. (使用了that引导的定语从句) 3.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Friendship in the Digital Age”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示,写一篇演讲稿。内容包括: 1.讲述一次你个人利用社交媒体维护友谊或结识新朋友的经历; 2.分析网络交友现象可能带来的利与弊; 3.谈谈你认为什么是真正的友谊。 注意: (1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯; (3)演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Jin from Class 1, Grade 10. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】Good morning, everyone!   I’m Li Jin from Class 1, Grade 10. Once, I used a social media app to keep in touch with a childhood friend who had moved abroad. Through regular chats and video calls, we maintained our close bond despite the distance, which showed me the power of digital tools in preserving friendships.   However, online friendships also have their downsides. While we can easily connect with people worldwide, some may misrepresent themselves, leading to potential risks. Therefore, it’s crucial to be cautious and verify information before forming deep connections.   In my view, true friendship is built on trust, mutual support, and shared experiences, whether online or offline. Let’s cherish genuine connections and use technology wisely to enrich our lives.   Thank you! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以晨光中学学生李津的身份写一篇演讲稿,围绕“Friendship in the Digital Age”这一主题,讲述自身经历、分析现象利弊并阐述对真正友谊的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 维持:maintain→preserve 尽管:despite→in spite of 导致:lead to→result in 至关重要的:crucial→vital 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句:Therefore, it’s crucial to be cautious and verify information before forming deep connections. 拓展句:Therefore, what is crucial is that we should be cautious and verify information before forming deep connections. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Once, I used a social media app to keep in touch with a childhood friend who had moved abroad.(运用who引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Through regular chats and video calls, we maintained our close bond despite the distance, which showed me the power of digital tools in preserving friendships.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 4.假设你是李华,今年暑假期间,你参加了“英语夏令营”活动,在英国和Tom成为了好朋友,请你根据下面所给的提示,为某中学生英语学习网站正在举行的以“Friendship”为主题的征文活动写一篇100词左右的英语短文,介绍你的好朋友Tom. 内容包括:1. Tom是一名高中生,性格随和,乐于助人。 2. 我们相处融洽。 3. 我刚来英国,语言上有障碍,不愿和他人交流,想家;Tom帮我学英语,鼓励我记日记,记下在英国的生活,我不再感到孤独。 4. 我们成了好朋友,一直保持着联系。 注意:可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 随和 easy-going  交流 communicate  记日记 keep a diary 孤独 lonely _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 My name is Li Hua. I joined in the English summer camp this summer. During the English summer camp,in England I and Tom became good friends. Tom is a high school student. He is easygoing and helpful. We get on well with each other. When I just came to Britain, I had language barriers. I didn’t want to communicate with others and felt homesick. Tom helped me learn English and encouraged me to keep a diary of my life in the UK. I no  longer felt lonely. We have been good friends and kept in touch with each other.I believe our friendship will last forever. 【分析】本文是一篇应用文,为主题是“Friendship”的征文活动写一篇英语短文。 【详解】第1步:根据提示可知,今年暑假期间,你参加了“英语夏令营”活动,在英国和Tom成为了好朋友,请你根据下面所给的提示,为某中学生英语学习网站正在举行的以“Friendship”为主题的征文活动写一篇100词左右的英语短文,介绍你的好朋友Tom.内容包括:1. Tom是一名高中生,性格随和,乐于助人。2. 我们相处融洽。3. 我刚来英国,语言上有障碍,不愿和他人交流,想家;Tom帮我学英语,鼓励我记日记,记下在英国的生活,我不再感到孤独。4. 我们成了好朋友,一直保持着联系。 第2步:根据写作要求确定关键词,如:joined in the English summer camp(参加英语夏令营);became good friends(变成好朋友);get on well with each other.(相处得好);kept in touch with each other(保持互相联系)等。 第3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。 第4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 5.假设你是吴东,你在网上认识了一个美国朋友Jack,他来信向你诉说交朋友的烦恼,要求你就friendship这个话题发表你的观点和看法并给他一些建议。于是你根据你所了解的情况给他回了一封e-mail. 写作内容: 1.友谊是每个人生活中最重要的事情之一,没有朋友,人会孤独的; 2.多与朋友交流,让朋友知道你想与他交朋友以及你对朋友及友谊的理解; 3.真正的朋友应该同甘共苦; 4.邀请朋友参加一些活动如游泳、球赛等,赢得真正的友谊。 注意:1. 词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。故宫the Palace Museum Dear Mary, Here’s a good opportunity for you to learn about the Chinese culture right in China. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear Jack, I’m glad to have received your e-mail but I am sorry you are having some trouble in making friends. In my opinion, friendship is one of the most important things in everyone’s life because without friends, we will suffer loneliness. If you would like to take my advice, you’ll win real friendship. First, why not communicate with your friend when possible, tell him/her what you think about friends and friendship, and let him/her know that you want to make friends with him/her. Secondly, you should learn to share your happiness and sorrow with your friends. Thirdly, it would be a good idea you like to invite him/her to join in some activities, such as swimming and ball games, which can make you learn to appreciate your friends and cherish your friendship. I hope you will find these opinions and ideas useful. Best wishes! Yours, Wu Dong 【详解】本文属于提纲类作文,要求就friendship这个话题发表你的观点和看法并给你的网友一些建议,根据你所了解的情况给他回了一封e-mail。要注意书信的格式和特殊用词。考虑用用一般现在时来写。要点:1.友谊是每个人生活中最重要的事情之一,没有朋友,人会孤独的;2.多与朋友交流,让朋友知道你想与他交朋友以及你对朋友及友谊的理解;3.真正的朋友应该同甘共苦;4.邀请朋友参加一些活动如游泳、球赛等,赢得真正的友谊。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高,要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,一定要契合给出的开头,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 6.主题——Friendship in Modern Society 在我们走在人生之路上时,朋友是不可或缺的一个重要部分。好的友谊可以给我们带来许多好处,如安慰我们的心灵,启迪我们的思维,帮助我们达成目标等。一个真正的朋友是一个我们可以依赖的人,一个可以和我们分享快乐与悲伤的人,一个可以看见我们真实的自我的人。 虽然现代化的社交媒体正在改变我们的交友方式,甚至正侵蚀着友谊的意义,但是友谊本身并没有变。我们必须谨慎选择朋友,用心经营友谊,这样的话我们可以变成更快乐、睿智、更满足的人。请以Friendship in Modern Society为题写一篇征文。 写作要点: 1. 友谊的积极作用; 2. 当代社交媒体对友谊发展的负面影响,如缺少面对面的交流,网络欺凌等; 3. 如何在现实生活中维持友谊(至少两点)。 写作要求:1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:网络欺凌 cyberbullying Friendship in Modern Society ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Friendship in Modern Society     Friendship plays an important role in our lives. Good friends can bring us many benefits. They comfort us when we are sad, inspire our thinking, and help us achieve goals. A true friend is someone we can depend on, share happiness and sadness with.       However, social media is changing how we make friends and might even weaken real friendship. People now spend less time talking face to face. Also, problems like cyberbullying sometimes happen online, which can hurt friendships.   To maintain good friendships, we should try to meet friends in person regularly. This helps build stronger connections. Besides, we need to learn to listen carefully and show real care for our friends. By doing so, we can develop better friendships and become happier people. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“现代社会的友谊”这一主题,写一篇征文,分析友谊的积极作用、社交媒体对友谊的负面影响,并提出维持友谊的具体建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的:important→significant 帮助:help→ assist 依赖:depend on→ rely on 削弱:weaken→ undermine 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句:To maintain good friendships, we should try to meet friends in person regularly. This helps build stronger connections. 拓展句:To maintain good friendships, we should try to meet friends in person regularly, thus helping build stronger connections. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A true friend is someone we can depend on, share happiness and sadness with(运用了省略了that的定语从句) 【高分句型2】However, social media is changing how we make friends and might even weaken real friendship.  (运用了how引导宾语从句) 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题09 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 语法、写作讲解(暑假讲义)-2026年新高一英语暑期预习讲义 (译林版)
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专题09 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 语法、写作讲解(暑假讲义)-2026年新高一英语暑期预习讲义 (译林版)
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