衔接点30 应用文写作之入门指津（下）（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点30 应用文写作之入门指津（下） 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 词汇限定课标基础词汇，句式以简单句、基础并列句为主，允许少量简单状语 / 宾语从句；篇幅短（80 词左右），题材固定：书信、通知、请假条、发言稿、倡议书等日常校园生活场景，格式模板标准化，内容要点直接给出，无需自主拓展深层内容。 考点上 重点考查要点全覆盖、语句通顺、基础时态人称正确；只需直白罗列提示信息，几乎不用高级衔接词，不要求情感升华、分层论述；写作核心是把题干全部要点翻译完整。 评分与写作要求 扣分点集中在单词拼写、基础语法错误、漏写要点；语言朴实直白即可，不强制复合句、高级表达；逻辑简单，用 and、but 基础连词衔接，构思难度低，预留写作时间充足。 文本上 需熟练运用 3500 词汇及短语、高级句型（倒装、非谓语、复合从句、强调句等）；词数 100 词以上，题材更丰富：邮件推荐、活动邀请、观点咨询、投诉建议、赛事报道、演讲稿等，涉及文化、环保、社会热点；仅给出核心提示，需要自主补充合理细节、拓展内容。 考点上 除覆盖要点外，着重考察行文逻辑、分层表达、语气得体；区分正式 / 非正式书面用语，要求使用多样衔接词；增设交际素养考点，需贴合交际对象调整措辞，适当抒发观点、给出理由，做到有理有据。 评分与写作要求 高分看重句式多样性、词汇丰富度、篇章连贯；干扰失分陷阱：语气不符场景、逻辑断层、句式单一；干扰项扣分点为中式英语、句式重复；需合理规划结构，整套试卷写作任务重，答题时间紧张。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：根据题目要求合理组织文章结构，清晰地表达自己的观点和意图，注意语法和拼写的准确性，以及文体的得体性。 高中阶段考查形式：注重考查学生运用语言、表达思想、传递信息能力，重点是表达的有效性和准确性。 【初中考点聚焦】 书面表达主要考查考生综合运用英语的能力，同时考查考生是否掌握所学过的语法知识、时态、句型和结构等。书面表达的话题一般都与学生熟悉的校园生活相关，并且紧贴单元话题，也会结合当下热点， 因此要求考生不仅要打好基础，注重课内话题的训练，也要培养思维的发散性和解决问题的能力。 在写作过程中，需要根据题目要求合理组织信件结构，清晰地表达自己的观点和意图，注意语法和拼写的准确性，以及文体的得体性。同时，也要根据收信人的身份和关系选择合适的语言风格和表达方式。 【示例】 假如你是Jim。前段时间你的朋友李华一直在帮助你学习中文歌和了解中华文化。现在你已经回国，请你根据以下要点给他写一封感谢信。要点包括： 1. 表达感激之情； 2. 回忆各种收获； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 必须包含所有要点，词数80-100（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校的名称。 Dear Li Hua, How are you doing these days? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Jim 【答案】例文： Dear Li Hua, How are you doing these days? I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much. Guided by you, I had a chance to visit some places of interest in China and experience such unique culture as well as beautiful scenery. Thanks to your generous help, I do believe that I have a better understanding of your country and culture. What’s more, I learned some Chinese songs with your help. Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Jim 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点中的关键信息，写感谢信感谢李华的帮助并邀请他到自己的国家。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明写信的目的是表示感谢； 第二步，回忆自己的收获； 第三步，邀请对方到自己的国家。 [亮点词汇] ①places of interest 名胜古迹 ②thanks to 多亏了 [高分句型] ①I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much.（“介词+which”引导定语从句） ②I will be more than pleased if I have the opportunity to repay your kindness.（if引导的条件状语从句） 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 邮件书信等应用文类英语作文是经常考查的写作形式，其类型涉及到演讲稿、征文、自荐信、邀请信、邮件等。结构与语气因题材而异。在备考过程中，可以通过多阅读、多练习来熟悉各种题材的应用文写作，并注意掌握不同场景下的写作技巧和常用表达。同时，也要关注实际生活中常见的应用文写作情景，以便更好地应对考试中的命题。 核心考查考点 1. 格式规范：邮件、书信称呼、落款、文体格式（正式文书庄重，私人信件随和）。 2. 任务完成度：完整完成题干 2–3 项指令任务，要点齐全。 3. 语体得体：对师长 / 官方用正式书面语，朋友间可用非正式表达，语体不能错位。 4. 语言层级：词汇升级、长短句结合，熟练运用非谓语、定语 / 状语从句、倒装、强调句式。 5. 逻辑衔接：高阶过渡词（therefore, furthermore, otherwise, nevertheless），段落层次清晰。 一、考查范围 高考英语应用文写作是高考英语书面表达部分的重要题型之一，主要考查运用英语进行书面交流的能力。应用文写作通常包括各类书信、通知、征文稿、发言稿、倡议书、报道、留言、日志等常见文体。近年来， 书信类应用文（如建议信、邀请信、申请信、感谢信、咨询信）征文、演讲稿等是最常见的考查形式。 二、写作要求 内容完整：根据题目要求，涵盖所有要点，不得遗漏重要信息。 语言规范：语法正确，词汇丰富，句式多样，避免低级错误。 格式正确：不同的应用文体有不同的格式要求。例如，书信需包括称呼、正文、结尾、署名等部分；通知需有标题、正文、落款和日期等。 逻辑连贯：文章结构清晰，段落合理，逻辑连贯，使用恰当的连接词。 字数要求：一般要求80词左右，具体要求以题目为准。 三、写作步骤 审题：明确写作目的、对象、文体和要点。 列提纲：按照逻辑顺序列出要点，确定文章结构。 写作：根据提纲展开写作，注意语言表达和格式规范。 检查：检查语法、拼写、标点、格式等问题，确保文章无误。 四、常见写作技巧 使用模板：掌握常见应用文的模板，但需灵活运用，避免生搬硬套。 高级表达：适当使用高级词汇、复合句、非谓语动词等提升文章档次。 礼貌用语：在书信或邮件中，注意使用礼貌用语，体现得体的语气。 连接词：使用连接词（如Firstly, Secondly, Finally; However, In addition等）使文章过渡自然。 五、评分标准 高考英语应用文写作的评分主要从内容、语言、结构和格式四个方面进行评价。文章内容完整、语言准确、结构清晰、格式规范且字数符合要求，通常能获得较高的分数。 六、备考建议 积累素材：背诵一些常用的应用文模板和高级表达。 多练多改：定期进行写作练习，并找老师或同学批改，总结错误。 关注格式：熟悉不同应用文的格式要求，避免因格式错误失分。 模拟练习：在规定时间内完成写作，提高写作速度和应试能力。 考点清单 四、建议信 建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。 具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin/start with，then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为： 第一段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。 第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。注意千万不要让别人以为你是在投诉，而不是提建议。 第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。要注意有礼貌，使读者容易接受。 注意事项： 1．注意时态和人称的正确使用。 2．注意论点和论据之间的衔接过渡。 3．注意英文标点符号的正确使用和流利的书写。 (一)一定要背下来的词汇 1．mention v．提到 2．situation n．情况；形势 3．furthermore adv.此外 4．meanwhile adv.同时 5．discussion n．讨论 6．proposal n．建议 7．advise v．建议 8．suggest v．建议 9．wise adj.明智的 10．in my opinion在我看来 (二)一定要背下来的套用句型 1．You have asked me for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some useful suggestions. 你来信询问我关于……的意见，我会尽量提出一些有用的建议。 2．I’ve been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion，you should... 我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该…… 3．You have asked me for my advice with regard to ...，and I will try to make some constructive suggestions for you. 就……一事你曾征询过我的意见，我会尽量给你提出一些有建设性的建议。 4．To solve this problem，in my opinion ... 为了解决这一问题，我的看法是…… 5．As to the problem you mentioned in the last letter，here are my suggestions. 至于你上次信中提到的问题，以下是我提供的建议。 6．I feel that it would be beneficial if... 我认为如果……，那将是有益的。 7．I hope you will find these suggestions useful. 我希望你会觉得这些建议有用。 假如你是张凯，你收到了你的朋友李华寄给你的一封信。他在英语学习中遇到了一些诸如如何写英语作文等方面的困难，由此他感觉丧失了学习英语的信心。同时，他有强烈的学好英语的愿望。请你给他写一封回信。内容应包括： 1．鼓励他不要灰心； 2．给他提出一些英语学习特别是英语写作方面的建议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 句式升级 1．Many students find that writing well is difficult.(用it作形式宾语改写) Many students find it difficult to write well. 2．Study hard and you can improve your English writing.(用as long as改为含有条件状语从句的复合句) You can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 Dear Li Hua， I’ve received your letter and I’m glad to give you some suggestions. First of all，don’t be disappointed.Many students find it difficult to write well.In my opinion，if you want to improve your writing，you should do the following things.First，do some studying with setting phrases and structures.Second，read English as much as possible.There are many things that can’t be learnt immediately.Finally，you’d better recite some good passages.I’m sure you can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. Good luck for you! Yours truly， Zhang Kai 五、感谢信[来源:Zxxk.Com] 感谢信是重要的礼仪文书，是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的专业书信，有感谢和表扬双重意思。 1．开头部分要明确对对方提供的帮助或赠送的礼物表示谢意。 2．主体部分则需列举对方提供的帮助，说明该帮助所起的作用，或表达对所收礼物的喜爱以及以后如何使用及收藏等。 3．结尾部分需再次表达诚挚的谢意并问候对方。 (一)一定要背下来的词汇 1．express v．表达 2．appreciation n．欣赏；感谢 3．kindness n．好意 4．hospitality n．好客 5．gratitude n．感激 6．obliged adj.感激的 7．take the opportunity利用这个机会 (二)一定要背下来的套用句型 1．I am writing to express my thanks for ... 我写这封信是为了表达我对……的谢意。 2．I’d like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance. 我谨借此机会感谢您给予我们的及时帮助和支持。[来源:学科网] 3．Thank you from the bottom of my heart for ... 我从心底感谢你，因为…… 4．I deeply appreciate your sincere help. 我深深地感谢你真诚的帮助。 5．Again，I would like to express our warm thanks to you. 再次向你表示谢意。 6．I’ll keep what you have helped me forever in mind. 我会将你对我的帮助永远记在心里。 7．Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 再次感谢您的盛情款待，并期待不久会见到您。 假定你是高三学生李华，请给英语老师Jack写一封信，表达对他的感谢。内容包括： 1．感谢的理由。(可结合具体事例，如学习中经历的困难或取得的成绩) 2．表达真挚的感谢和祝福。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 句式升级 1．I am writing to say thank you to you.(用convey改写) I am writing to convey my thanks to you. 2．You gave me timely encouragement and tutored me after class.Your encouragement got me back on track.(用定语从句合并句子) You offered timely encouragement and tutored me after class，which got me back on track. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 Dear Jack， I’m Li Hua，one of your students.I am writing to convey my heartfelt thanks to you. Looking back，I was absent-minded in class and never really got involved in learning.I was upset and discouraged because of poor performances in exams.Fortunately，you offered timely encouragement and tutored me after class，which got me back on track.Thanks to your help，my efforts paid off and now I feel crazy about English. I really appreciate all the help you have offered to me.Wish you all the best! Yours sincerely， Li Hua 六、通知 通知一般分为书面通知和口头通知两种。其要素常常包括：时间、地点、事件、参与者、活动内容及注意事项等。要求：言简意赅、措辞得当。 通知常用语： 1．通知常用开头语： (1)May I have your attention，please? (2)Attention please，everyone.I have an announcement to make. (3)Be quite.There is something important I have to tell you. (4)I have something important to tell you. (5)I’m glad to tell you something important. 2．其他常用语句： (1)Everyone should be there on time. (2)Be sure not to be late. (3)Please be present on time. (4)Everyone is required to be present on time. (5)Be sure to attend it on time. (6)Everybody is expected to attend it on time. (7)All teachers and students are required to... (8)Our school/The Student Union will/is going to hold... (9)A lecture will be given at 7∶00 this evening in... (10)Please take your notebooks with you and be sure on time. (11)Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome. Notice ① will organize .②This activity aims to .③This activity is arranged to or so.It is planned to begin on .④The team members will be arranged to .Your main task is to .⑤Anyone who is welcome warmly.⑥Those who are interested can contact for further information. ⑦Looking forward to your active participation. 假如你是李华，你们学校邀请到甬剧演员陈明先生来你校举办讲座，请你用英语向你校国际班的留学生用英语进行口头通知。内容要点如下： 1．讲座时间地点：本周三下午4点，学校报告厅； 2．讲座内容：甬剧发展史； 3．邀请学生参加。 注意： 1．词数80左右，开头已给出，但不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：甬剧 Ningbo Opera May I have your attention please？ 句式升级 1．Our school has invited Mr Chen Ming to give a lecture.He is a famous Ningbo Opera actor.(用同位语改写成一个句子) Our school has invited a famous Ningbo Opera actor，Mr Chen Ming，to give a lecture. 2．We will hold the lecture at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall.(用被动语态改写) The lecture will be held at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 May I have your attention please？Our school has invited a famous Ningbo Opera actor，Mr Chen Ming，to give a lecture.The lecture will be held at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall.Mr Chen will talk about the history and development of Ningbo Opera in his lecture.If you want to learn about Ningbo local culture，don’t miss this chance.You will definitely find it fun.Be sure to come on time! Thanks for listening! 写作类型五　告知/邀请 1．假如你是学生会主席李华，你校将与当地环保组织共同举办一次环保志愿者活动，你想邀请国际交换生Peter参加。请你用英语给他写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1．活动的时间和地点； 2．活动的具体安排； 3．询问他是否愿意参加并请他回复。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作类型六　报道 2．你校在校内举办了以健康饮食为主题的“Foodie Carnival”（美食嘉年华）的活动。假定你是校英语报记者李华，请你就此活动写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的： 2.活动过程（时间、地点、内容）； 3.活动反响。 Foodie Carnival ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作类型七　演讲稿/发言稿 3．你校英语俱乐部拟开展主题为“My Dream Job”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。 内容包括： 1. 你的理想职业； 2. 你的理由及打算； 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作类型八　征文投稿 4．假如你是红星中学的李华，你要为学校英语报刊栏目A Life Story一栏投稿，介绍你最崇拜的人。内容要点如下： 1. 整体介绍； 2. 主要成就和品质； 3. 评价或影响。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、基础练 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿，请同学们就为提升成绩而经常熬夜刷题这一现象谈谈自己的看法。请你写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。内容包括： 1.简述现象；2.你的看法和建议。 要求： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右；2. 逻辑清晰，表达连贯； ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、进阶练 假定你是李华，你校将以班级为单位举办英语才艺展。外教Sherry提出歌唱比赛和微电影表演两种形式供大家选择。请给Sherry写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sherry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点30 应用文写作之入门指津（下） 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 词汇限定课标基础词汇，句式以简单句、基础并列句为主，允许少量简单状语 / 宾语从句；篇幅短（80 词左右），题材固定：书信、通知、请假条、发言稿、倡议书等日常校园生活场景，格式模板标准化，内容要点直接给出，无需自主拓展深层内容。 考点上 重点考查要点全覆盖、语句通顺、基础时态人称正确；只需直白罗列提示信息，几乎不用高级衔接词，不要求情感升华、分层论述；写作核心是把题干全部要点翻译完整。 评分与写作要求 扣分点集中在单词拼写、基础语法错误、漏写要点；语言朴实直白即可，不强制复合句、高级表达；逻辑简单，用 and、but 基础连词衔接，构思难度低，预留写作时间充足。 文本上 需熟练运用 3500 词汇及短语、高级句型（倒装、非谓语、复合从句、强调句等）；词数 100 词以上，题材更丰富：邮件推荐、活动邀请、观点咨询、投诉建议、赛事报道、演讲稿等，涉及文化、环保、社会热点；仅给出核心提示，需要自主补充合理细节、拓展内容。 考点上 除覆盖要点外，着重考察行文逻辑、分层表达、语气得体；区分正式 / 非正式书面用语，要求使用多样衔接词；增设交际素养考点，需贴合交际对象调整措辞，适当抒发观点、给出理由，做到有理有据。 评分与写作要求 高分看重句式多样性、词汇丰富度、篇章连贯；干扰失分陷阱：语气不符场景、逻辑断层、句式单一；干扰项扣分点为中式英语、句式重复；需合理规划结构，整套试卷写作任务重，答题时间紧张。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：根据题目要求合理组织文章结构，清晰地表达自己的观点和意图，注意语法和拼写的准确性，以及文体的得体性。 高中阶段考查形式：注重考查学生运用语言、表达思想、传递信息能力，重点是表达的有效性和准确性。 【初中考点聚焦】 书面表达主要考查考生综合运用英语的能力，同时考查考生是否掌握所学过的语法知识、时态、句型和结构等。书面表达的话题一般都与学生熟悉的校园生活相关，并且紧贴单元话题，也会结合当下热点， 因此要求考生不仅要打好基础，注重课内话题的训练，也要培养思维的发散性和解决问题的能力。 在写作过程中，需要根据题目要求合理组织信件结构，清晰地表达自己的观点和意图，注意语法和拼写的准确性，以及文体的得体性。同时，也要根据收信人的身份和关系选择合适的语言风格和表达方式。 【示例】 假如你是Jim。前段时间你的朋友李华一直在帮助你学习中文歌和了解中华文化。现在你已经回国，请你根据以下要点给他写一封感谢信。要点包括： 1. 表达感激之情； 2. 回忆各种收获； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 必须包含所有要点，词数80-100（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校的名称。 Dear Li Hua, How are you doing these days? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Jim 【答案】例文： Dear Li Hua, How are you doing these days? I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much. Guided by you, I had a chance to visit some places of interest in China and experience such unique culture as well as beautiful scenery. Thanks to your generous help, I do believe that I have a better understanding of your country and culture. What’s more, I learned some Chinese songs with your help. Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Jim 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点中的关键信息，写感谢信感谢李华的帮助并邀请他到自己的国家。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明写信的目的是表示感谢； 第二步，回忆自己的收获； 第三步，邀请对方到自己的国家。 [亮点词汇] ①places of interest 名胜古迹 ②thanks to 多亏了 [高分句型] ①I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much.（“介词+which”引导定语从句） ②I will be more than pleased if I have the opportunity to repay your kindness.（if引导的条件状语从句） 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 邮件书信等应用文类英语作文是经常考查的写作形式，其类型涉及到演讲稿、征文、自荐信、邀请信、邮件等。结构与语气因题材而异。在备考过程中，可以通过多阅读、多练习来熟悉各种题材的应用文写作，并注意掌握不同场景下的写作技巧和常用表达。同时，也要关注实际生活中常见的应用文写作情景，以便更好地应对考试中的命题。 核心考查考点 1. 格式规范：邮件、书信称呼、落款、文体格式（正式文书庄重，私人信件随和）。 2. 任务完成度：完整完成题干 2–3 项指令任务，要点齐全。 3. 语体得体：对师长 / 官方用正式书面语，朋友间可用非正式表达，语体不能错位。 4. 语言层级：词汇升级、长短句结合，熟练运用非谓语、定语 / 状语从句、倒装、强调句式。 5. 逻辑衔接：高阶过渡词（therefore, furthermore, otherwise, nevertheless），段落层次清晰。 一、考查范围 高考英语应用文写作是高考英语书面表达部分的重要题型之一，主要考查运用英语进行书面交流的能力。应用文写作通常包括各类书信、通知、征文稿、发言稿、倡议书、报道、留言、日志等常见文体。近年来， 书信类应用文（如建议信、邀请信、申请信、感谢信、咨询信）征文、演讲稿等是最常见的考查形式。 二、写作要求 内容完整：根据题目要求，涵盖所有要点，不得遗漏重要信息。 语言规范：语法正确，词汇丰富，句式多样，避免低级错误。 格式正确：不同的应用文体有不同的格式要求。例如，书信需包括称呼、正文、结尾、署名等部分；通知需有标题、正文、落款和日期等。 逻辑连贯：文章结构清晰，段落合理，逻辑连贯，使用恰当的连接词。 字数要求：一般要求80词左右，具体要求以题目为准。 三、写作步骤 审题：明确写作目的、对象、文体和要点。 列提纲：按照逻辑顺序列出要点，确定文章结构。 写作：根据提纲展开写作，注意语言表达和格式规范。 检查：检查语法、拼写、标点、格式等问题，确保文章无误。 四、常见写作技巧 使用模板：掌握常见应用文的模板，但需灵活运用，避免生搬硬套。 高级表达：适当使用高级词汇、复合句、非谓语动词等提升文章档次。 礼貌用语：在书信或邮件中，注意使用礼貌用语，体现得体的语气。 连接词：使用连接词（如Firstly, Secondly, Finally; However, In addition等）使文章过渡自然。 五、评分标准 高考英语应用文写作的评分主要从内容、语言、结构和格式四个方面进行评价。文章内容完整、语言准确、结构清晰、格式规范且字数符合要求，通常能获得较高的分数。 六、备考建议 积累素材：背诵一些常用的应用文模板和高级表达。 多练多改：定期进行写作练习，并找老师或同学批改，总结错误。 关注格式：熟悉不同应用文的格式要求，避免因格式错误失分。 模拟练习：在规定时间内完成写作，提高写作速度和应试能力。 考点清单 四、建议信 建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。 具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin/start with，then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为： 第一段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。 第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。注意千万不要让别人以为你是在投诉，而不是提建议。 第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。要注意有礼貌，使读者容易接受。 注意事项： 1．注意时态和人称的正确使用。 2．注意论点和论据之间的衔接过渡。 3．注意英文标点符号的正确使用和流利的书写。 (一)一定要背下来的词汇 1．mention v．提到 2．situation n．情况；形势 3．furthermore adv.此外 4．meanwhile adv.同时 5．discussion n．讨论 6．proposal n．建议 7．advise v．建议 8．suggest v．建议 9．wise adj.明智的 10．in my opinion在我看来 (二)一定要背下来的套用句型 1．You have asked me for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some useful suggestions. 你来信询问我关于……的意见，我会尽量提出一些有用的建议。 2．I’ve been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion，you should... 我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该…… 3．You have asked me for my advice with regard to ...，and I will try to make some constructive suggestions for you. 就……一事你曾征询过我的意见，我会尽量给你提出一些有建设性的建议。 4．To solve this problem，in my opinion ... 为了解决这一问题，我的看法是…… 5．As to the problem you mentioned in the last letter，here are my suggestions. 至于你上次信中提到的问题，以下是我提供的建议。 6．I feel that it would be beneficial if... 我认为如果……，那将是有益的。 7．I hope you will find these suggestions useful. 我希望你会觉得这些建议有用。 假如你是张凯，你收到了你的朋友李华寄给你的一封信。他在英语学习中遇到了一些诸如如何写英语作文等方面的困难，由此他感觉丧失了学习英语的信心。同时，他有强烈的学好英语的愿望。请你给他写一封回信。内容应包括： 1．鼓励他不要灰心； 2．给他提出一些英语学习特别是英语写作方面的建议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 句式升级 1．Many students find that writing well is difficult.(用it作形式宾语改写) Many students find it difficult to write well. 2．Study hard and you can improve your English writing.(用as long as改为含有条件状语从句的复合句) You can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 Dear Li Hua， I’ve received your letter and I’m glad to give you some suggestions. First of all，don’t be disappointed.Many students find it difficult to write well.In my opinion，if you want to improve your writing，you should do the following things.First，do some studying with setting phrases and structures.Second，read English as much as possible.There are many things that can’t be learnt immediately.Finally，you’d better recite some good passages.I’m sure you can improve your English writing as long as you study hard. Good luck for you! Yours truly， Zhang Kai 五、感谢信[来源:Zxxk.Com] 感谢信是重要的礼仪文书，是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的专业书信，有感谢和表扬双重意思。 1．开头部分要明确对对方提供的帮助或赠送的礼物表示谢意。 2．主体部分则需列举对方提供的帮助，说明该帮助所起的作用，或表达对所收礼物的喜爱以及以后如何使用及收藏等。 3．结尾部分需再次表达诚挚的谢意并问候对方。 (一)一定要背下来的词汇 1．express v．表达 2．appreciation n．欣赏；感谢 3．kindness n．好意 4．hospitality n．好客 5．gratitude n．感激 6．obliged adj.感激的 7．take the opportunity利用这个机会 (二)一定要背下来的套用句型 1．I am writing to express my thanks for ... 我写这封信是为了表达我对……的谢意。 2．I’d like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance. 我谨借此机会感谢您给予我们的及时帮助和支持。[来源:学科网] 3．Thank you from the bottom of my heart for ... 我从心底感谢你，因为…… 4．I deeply appreciate your sincere help. 我深深地感谢你真诚的帮助。 5．Again，I would like to express our warm thanks to you. 再次向你表示谢意。 6．I’ll keep what you have helped me forever in mind. 我会将你对我的帮助永远记在心里。 7．Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 再次感谢您的盛情款待，并期待不久会见到您。 假定你是高三学生李华，请给英语老师Jack写一封信，表达对他的感谢。内容包括： 1．感谢的理由。(可结合具体事例，如学习中经历的困难或取得的成绩) 2．表达真挚的感谢和祝福。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 句式升级 1．I am writing to say thank you to you.(用convey改写) I am writing to convey my thanks to you. 2．You gave me timely encouragement and tutored me after class.Your encouragement got me back on track.(用定语从句合并句子) You offered timely encouragement and tutored me after class，which got me back on track. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 Dear Jack， I’m Li Hua，one of your students.I am writing to convey my heartfelt thanks to you. Looking back，I was absent-minded in class and never really got involved in learning.I was upset and discouraged because of poor performances in exams.Fortunately，you offered timely encouragement and tutored me after class，which got me back on track.Thanks to your help，my efforts paid off and now I feel crazy about English. I really appreciate all the help you have offered to me.Wish you all the best! Yours sincerely， Li Hua 六、通知 通知一般分为书面通知和口头通知两种。其要素常常包括：时间、地点、事件、参与者、活动内容及注意事项等。要求：言简意赅、措辞得当。 通知常用语： 1．通知常用开头语： (1)May I have your attention，please? (2)Attention please，everyone.I have an announcement to make. (3)Be quite.There is something important I have to tell you. (4)I have something important to tell you. (5)I’m glad to tell you something important. 2．其他常用语句： (1)Everyone should be there on time. (2)Be sure not to be late. (3)Please be present on time. (4)Everyone is required to be present on time. (5)Be sure to attend it on time. (6)Everybody is expected to attend it on time. (7)All teachers and students are required to... (8)Our school/The Student Union will/is going to hold... (9)A lecture will be given at 7∶00 this evening in... (10)Please take your notebooks with you and be sure on time. (11)Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome. Notice ① will organize .②This activity aims to .③This activity is arranged to or so.It is planned to begin on .④The team members will be arranged to .Your main task is to .⑤Anyone who is welcome warmly.⑥Those who are interested can contact for further information. ⑦Looking forward to your active participation. 假如你是李华，你们学校邀请到甬剧演员陈明先生来你校举办讲座，请你用英语向你校国际班的留学生用英语进行口头通知。内容要点如下： 1．讲座时间地点：本周三下午4点，学校报告厅； 2．讲座内容：甬剧发展史； 3．邀请学生参加。 注意： 1．词数80左右，开头已给出，但不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：甬剧 Ningbo Opera May I have your attention please？ 句式升级 1．Our school has invited Mr Chen Ming to give a lecture.He is a famous Ningbo Opera actor.(用同位语改写成一个句子) Our school has invited a famous Ningbo Opera actor，Mr Chen Ming，to give a lecture. 2．We will hold the lecture at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall.(用被动语态改写) The lecture will be held at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall. 用恰当的过渡词和句式完成写作 May I have your attention please？Our school has invited a famous Ningbo Opera actor，Mr Chen Ming，to give a lecture.The lecture will be held at 4 p．m.this Wednesday afternoon in the school lecture hall.Mr Chen will talk about the history and development of Ningbo Opera in his lecture.If you want to learn about Ningbo local culture，don’t miss this chance.You will definitely find it fun.Be sure to come on time! Thanks for listening! 写作类型五　告知/邀请 1．假如你是学生会主席李华，你校将与当地环保组织共同举办一次环保志愿者活动，你想邀请国际交换生Peter参加。请你用英语给他写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1．活动的时间和地点； 2．活动的具体安排； 3．询问他是否愿意参加并请他回复。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, I am writing to invite you to join an upcoming environmental volunteer activity, which will be jointly hosted by our Student Union and a local environmental protection organization. The event is scheduled to take place at the City Central Park this Saturday morning, from 9:00 to 12:00. During the activity, we will mainly pick up litter, sort the garbage, and put up posters to raise public awareness of environmental protection. It will be a great opportunity to make a difference while enjoying the outdoors. I would love it if you could join us. Please let me know if you are available to participate. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份给交换生Peter写邀请信，邀请其参加学校与本地环保组织合办的环保志愿活动，说明活动时间地点、具体安排并等待对方回复。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming 安排：schedule→arrange 分类：sort→classify 提升：raise→enhance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The event is scheduled to take place at the City Central Park this Saturday morning. 拓展句：The event which we will take part in is scheduled to take place at the City Central Park this Saturday morning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to join an upcoming environmental volunteer activity, which will be jointly hosted by our Student Union and a local environmental protection organization.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It will be a great opportunity to make a difference while enjoying the outdoors.（运用了状语从句中的省略结构） 写作类型六　报道 2．你校在校内举办了以健康饮食为主题的“Foodie Carnival”（美食嘉年华）的活动。假定你是校英语报记者李华，请你就此活动写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的： 2.活动过程（时间、地点、内容）； 3.活动反响。 Foodie Carnival ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Foodie Carnival Last Friday, “Foodie Carnival” themed healthy eating was held in our school, aiming to enrich our school life and develop our right attitude towards eating. The event attracted all teaching staff and students. In the morning, we attended a theme lecture by the expert in the field, equipping us with a good knowledge of healthy eating. And the highlight came with a good taste of diverse mouth-watering foods, one feast presented by each class. The Carnival turned out to be a huge success, not only adding color to the dull life, but also raising our awareness of a balanced diet. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇英文报道，报道你校在校内举办的以健康饮食为主题的“Foodie Carnival”（美食嘉年华）的活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 培养：develop→foster 专家：expert→specialist 提高：raise→boost 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Last Friday, “Foodie Carnival” themed healthy eating was held in our school, aiming to enrich our school life and develop our right attitude towards eating. 拓展句：Last Friday, “Foodie Carnival” themed healthy eating was held in our school so that we can enrich our school life and develop our right attitude towards eating. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In the morning, we attended a theme lecture by the expert in the field, equipping us with a good knowledge of healthy eating. (运用了现在分词equipping作状语) [高分句型2] The Carnival turned out to be a huge success, not only adding color to the dull life, but also raising our awareness of a balanced diet. (运用了现在分词adding和raising作状语) 写作类型七　演讲稿/发言稿 3．你校英语俱乐部拟开展主题为“My Dream Job”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。 内容包括： 1. 你的理想职业； 2. 你的理由及打算； 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My Dream Job Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. The topic is my dream job. I want to be a medical worker. First of all, it is a job to treat patients. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, thousands of medical workers have devoted themselves to the well-being of humans, winning respect from society. Besides, even facing big challenges or threats to life, they never give up and keep fighting to the end, which fuels my passion for joining them. Such is the job that I have been dreaming of all the time. From now on, I will stick to my dream and spare no efforts to make it come true. That’s all! Thank you for listening! 【导语】题目要求考生介绍自己的理想职业、选择理由及未来打算。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣誉：honor → glory 爆发：outbreak → eruption 致力于：devote oneself to → work on 激情：passion → enthusiasm 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. The topic is my dream job. 拓展句：It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech, whose topic is my dream job. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s my honor to be here to deliver a speech. (运用了It作形式主语、不定式作真正的主语) 【高分句型2】Besides, even facing big challenges or threats to life, they never give up and keep fighting to the end, which fuels my passion for joining them. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 写作类型八　征文投稿 4．假如你是红星中学的李华，你要为学校英语报刊栏目A Life Story一栏投稿，介绍你最崇拜的人。内容要点如下： 1. 整体介绍； 2. 主要成就和品质； 3. 评价或影响。 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： When it comes to respectable persons, the person I admire most is Tu Youyou, who is widely recognized for her work in traditional Chinese medicine. Tu Youyou’s major achievement lies in her discovery of qinghaosu, a powerful treatment for malaria. Her success was not overnight but it was the result of years of diligent research, strong determination, and a non-stopping pursuit of excellence. Personally, Tu Youyou’s story resonates deeply with me. Her devotion to science and her ability to overcome challenges inspire me to pursue my own passions with the same vigor and commitment. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇短文，介绍自己最崇拜的人，向学校英语报刊栏目A Life Story一栏投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重大的：major → significant 决心：determination → resolution 能力：ability → capability 激励：inspire → motivate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Tu Youyou’s major achievement lies in her discovery of qinghaosu, a powerful treatment for malaria. 拓展句：The major achievement that belongs to Tu Youyou lies in the fact that she discovered qinghaosu, which is a powerful treatment for malaria. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When it comes to respectable persons, the person I admire most is Tu Youyou, who is widely recognized for her work in traditional Chinese medicine.(运用了when引导的状语从句，省略that引导的定语从句，who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Her devotion to science and her ability to overcome challenges inspire me to pursue my own passions with the same vigor and commitment.(运用了动词不定式to overcome作后置定语，动词不定式to pursue作宾语补足语) 一、基础练 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿，请同学们就为提升成绩而经常熬夜刷题这一现象谈谈自己的看法。请你写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。内容包括： 1.简述现象；2.你的看法和建议。 要求： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右；2. 逻辑清晰，表达连贯； ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Nowadays, many high school students tend to stay up late doing extra exercises, hoping to get better grades. However, this practice brings many problems. They often feel sleepy and distracted in class, which greatly reduces learning efficiency. Worse still, it may even damage their physical and mental health in the long run. From my perspective, studying diligently never means burning the midnight oil. Here are some practical suggestions. First, we ought to make the most of daytime time and complete daily learning tasks as planned. Second, ensure sufficient sleep every day and take regular exercise to keep energetic. Additionally, when facing difficult problems, we’d better turn to teachers and classmates for advice in time. Health is the key to long-term progress. Only by combining efficient study with proper rest can we achieve steady improvement. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求学生以李华的身份，写一篇短文参与校英文报“Opinion”栏目的征文活动，针对高中生为提升成绩而经常熬夜刷题的现象，分析其弊端并提出合理建议，倡导高效学习与充足休息相结合。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 倾向于做某事：tend to→be inclined to 熬夜：stay up late→sit up late 分心的：distracted→absent-minded 充分利用：make the most of→make full use of 2.句式拓展： 同义句转换 原句：They often feel sleepy and distracted in class, which greatly reduces learning efficiency. 拓展句：Feeling sleepy and distracted in class, they often find their learning efficiency greatly reduced. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, many high school students tend to stay up late doing extra exercises, hoping to get better grades.(运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语) 【高分句型2】Only by combining efficient study with proper rest can we achieve steady improvement.(运用了“only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装) 二、进阶练 假定你是李华，你校将以班级为单位举办英语才艺展。外教Sherry提出歌唱比赛和微电影表演两种形式供大家选择。请给Sherry写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sherry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sherry, I’m writing to share my choice for the upcoming English talent show — a microfilm performance is definitely my pick. Compared with the chorus, microfilm allows us to show more talent. We can write English scripts, practice acting, and even try filming and editing. It’s a great chance to use English in a lively way, instead of just reciting lyrics. Also, working on a microfilm needs teamwork: some write, some act, and others handle technical work. This helps us understand each other better while improving our English. I believe it will make the talent show more interesting. Thanks for offering the two options! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给Sherry写一封邮件，就学校以班级为单位举办英语才艺展，外教Sherry提出歌唱比赛和微电影表演两种形式供大家选择，说明你的选择以及理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：choice → option 即将到来的：upcoming → approaching 处理：handle → deal with/tackle 有趣的：interesting → amusing 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Also, working on a microfilm needs teamwork: some write, some act, and others handle technical work. 拓展句：As working on a microfilm covers different jobs, teamwork is necessary, in which some write, some act and others handle technical work. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This helps us understand each other better while improving our English.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略) 【高分句型2】I believe it will make the talent show more interesting.(运用了省略that的宾语从句) 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $