衔接点22 语法填空两大考向透视之无提示词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点22 语法填空考向透视之无提示词 初中视角 高中展望 初中语法填空 文本上 短文篇幅短，多小故事、简单日常说明文；句式以简单句、基础复合句为主，生词少，文意浅显易懂。 考点上 1. 纯基础语法：时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、人称代词、介词、冠词、基础连词； 2. 给出提示词多直接变形，无复杂变形规则；无提示空只考固定搭配介词 /and/but 等基础连接词； 3. 不涉及复杂非谓语、复合从句、特殊句式。 命题与答题要求 考点单一孤立，一句话基本只考一个语法点；上下文逻辑关联弱，单句就能推出答案；陷阱少，熟记基础规则即可拿分。 高中语法填空 文本上 语篇篇幅更长，科普、议论文、人物传记居多；大量长难复合句、嵌套从句，抽象词汇、熟词生义较多，语篇逻辑紧密。 考点上 1. 提示词：非谓语动词、各类时态语态、形容词副词比较级、词性转换（名 / 动 / 形互变）、不规则变形； 2. 无提示词：定语从句关系词、名词性从句引导词、特殊连词、限定词； 3. 兼顾句子语法 + 段落逻辑，兼顾固定搭配与句式结构分析。 命题与答题要求 考点综合化，一句话常叠加多层语法；不能只看单句，要结合全篇时态、上下文逻辑判断；易设陷阱：固定搭配混淆、谓语与非谓语区分、各类从句引导词混用，对句子拆解能力要求高。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、简短语篇形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 初中：以基础为主，考点多为 “显性语法规则”（如基础时态语态、固定搭配、简单词形转化）。 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973), also known as Sai Zhenzhu, was an American writer. Even today, she 1 (consider) one of the most important Westerners to write about China. Her writing shows 2 (we) that understanding between people is always possible. The Good Earth, Buck’s most popular novel, came out in 1931. In this book, Buck wrote not only about poverty but also about the 3 (beautiful) of daily life, the warmth of family, and the quiet courage of farmers. 4 society that she described was warm and full of life. Through this book, many people in the West learned 5 China and began to see Chinese farmers as honest, kind, and hardworking people. Buck’s importance lies in 6 she got to know different cultures. She grew up in China and spent many years living and working with local people. This helped her understand their lives 7 (deep). We can learn from Buck that meaningful cultural exchange starts with everyday experiences, not imagination. However, China 8 (change) greatly and become more connected to the world today. 9 (understand) modern China, reading Buck’s books alone is not enough. Yet it is still 10 (value) to see people through their shared feelings as Buck did. 【答案】 1．is considered 2．us 3．beauty 4．The 5．about 6．how 7．deeply 8．has changed 9．To understand 10．valuable 【导语】本文介绍了美国作家赛珍珠（Pearl S. Buck）及其代表作《大地》。文章阐述了她作为中西方文化交流桥梁的重要性，指出她通过深入中国日常生活，向西方世界展示了真实、温暖的中国农民形象。尽管当今中国已发生巨大变化，但赛珍珠作品中体现的基于共同情感的理解依然具有宝贵的价值。 【详解】1．句意：即使在今天，她仍被认为是撰写关于中国题材的最重要的西方人之一。主语she与动词consider之间是被动关系，且时间状语Even today暗示这是一种持续至今的状态或普遍认知，应用一般现在时的被动语态“is + 过去分词”。consider的过去分词为considered，故填is considered。 2．句意：她的作品向我们表明，人与人之间的理解总是可能的。动词shows后接双宾语，此处作间接宾语，需用代词的宾格形式。“we”的宾格为us。 3．句意：在这本书中，巴克不仅写了贫困，还写了日常生活的美、家庭的温暖以及农民们安静的勇气。定冠词the后需接名词作宾语。“beautiful”的名词形式为beauty，意为“美”。 4．句意：她描述的社会是温暖且充满生机的。此处特指巴克在书中描述的那个社会，需用定冠词The修饰，位于句首，首字母大写。 5．句意：通过这本书，许多西方人了解了中国，并开始将中国农民视为诚实、善良和勤劳的人。“learn about sth.”是固定搭配，意为“了解某事”。 6．句意：巴克的重要性在于她是如何了解不同文化的。介词in后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，故填连接副词how。 7．句意：这帮助她深刻地理解了他们的生活。修饰动词understand，需用副词形式。“deep”的副词形式为deeply，意为“深刻地”。 8．句意：然而，如今中国已经发生了巨大的变化，并与世界更加紧密地联系在一起。根据时间状语today及语境（强调变化对现在的影响）可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语China是第三人称单数，助动词用has，change的过去分词为changed，故填has changed。 9．句意：要了解现代中国，仅阅读巴克的书籍是不够的。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填To understand。 10．句意：然而，像巴克那样通过人们共同的情感去看待他人，仍然是有价值的。“It is + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，此处需用形容词作表语。“value”的形容词形式为valuable，意为“有价值的”。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中语法填空主要考查有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示 词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词形词性转化等；无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 考点清单 考点二、语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 小试牛刀： 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：对学生来说，集中精力于学业非常重要。分析句子可知，这里考查concentrate on sth.，为固定搭配，表示“集中注意力于……”。故填on。 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：“小心！”利抓住我的胳膊，把我从疾驰而来的汽车面前拖了出来。“seize sb. by the + 身体部位”是固定搭配，表示“抓住某人的某个身体部位”。类似的表达还有“hit sb. on the head”（打某人的头）、“pull sb. by the hand”（拉某人的手）等。所以这里用“the”。故填the。 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：长津湖战役给我留下了深刻的印象。短语make a deep impression on表示“留下深刻印象”。故填a。 4．I will keep (they) company while they are in trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】them 【详解】考查代词。句意：他们有困难时，我会陪伴他们。keep后接宾格them作宾语，keep sb company“陪伴某人”。故填them。 5．In order to better adapt (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了更好地使自己适应新环境，我们必须准备好并愿意学习新技能。adapt oneself to...是固定短语，意为“使自己适应……”。空处应用反身代词ourselves作动词adapt的宾语，表示动作的执行者和承受者是同一人。故填ourselves。 6．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我写信是为了申请贵公司律师一职。根据语境，这里表达申请公司的律师工作，“apply for”是固定短语，意为“申请”，符合句意。故填for。 7．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：简而言之，我害怕放烟花。“be scared of”是固定短语，意为“害怕……”。故填of。 8．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may/might 【详解】句意：这种药可能正在被送去测试，但我不确定。根据句意可知，此处表示“推测”，且根据后文“I’m not sure”，此处表示不太确定的推测，故应用情态动词may/might“可能”。 9．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】needn’t 【详解】句意：我喜欢周末，因为我不必早起去上学了。表示“不必”用情态动词needn’t。 10．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can 【详解】句意：他是个脾气暴躁的人，但有时也会很友善、很有耐心。根据“sometimes”可知，此处表示客观上的可能性，即“有时确实会/有时会”，can可以用于肯定句中表示理论上的可能性或偶然发生的情况。 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 小试牛刀： 1．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我正要放弃比赛，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续坚持下去。固定句型be about to do sth. when...意为“正要做某事，就在这时……”，空处需填when。 2．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：会议被推迟了，因为几个关键成员遇到了意外的日程冲突。several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts是会议推迟的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，说明事情发生的缘由。故填because。 3．In order she could catch the first bus, she got up very early. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句 。句意：为了能赶上第一班公交车，她起得很早。引导目的状语从句，表示“为了”用in order that。故填that。 4．The mountains look so grand all visitors are deeply impressed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】句意：群山看上去如此雄伟，所有游客都留下了深刻印象。so...that...“如此……以至于……”是固定句型，引导结果状语从句。 5． you submit your research proposal by Friday, you will not be able to apply for the grant this semester. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】Unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：除非你在周五前提交研究计划书，否则本学期你将无法申请这笔资助。分析句子可知，设空处应填连词引导条件状语从句，再结合句意“除非”是unless，句首单词首字母大写。故填Unless。 6．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though/although 【详解】句意：她警告她的父母有危险，虽然起初他们以为她只是在开玩笑。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”用though或although。 7．The old man still paints he did when he was young — with great patience and passion. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这位老人仍然像年轻时那样画画——带着极大的耐心和热情。根据句意可知，此处应用as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，像……一样”。故填as。 8．The study found that the louder the music, the (bad) the performance in concentration. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】worse 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：研究发现，音乐声音越大，注意力表现就越差。分析句子结构可知，这里考查“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”，表示“越……，越……”，bad的比较级为worse，符合语境。故填worse。 9．The (careful) you are in the exam, the fewer mistakes you will make. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more careful 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：你在考试中越细心，犯的错误就越少。空格处构成固定句式“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”，意为“越……，就越……”，careful是多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more careful，在句中作表语，故填more careful。 10．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们上周参观的那所学校建在曾经有一座剧院的地方。空处引导地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，结合句意，用连接词where引导该从句，表“在……的地方”，符合语法规则和语境。故填where。 11．It’s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do what you want to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 【详解】句意：在必须做的事情和想要做的事情之间找到平衡有点困难。句中between...and...，为固定短语，意为“在……和……之间”，前后由what引导的从句构成并列。 12．She wanted to go to the concert, she had to work overtime. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【详解】句意：她想去听音乐会，但是她不得不加班。前后分句为转折关系，应填but。 13．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 【答案】or 【详解】句意：你想带他们去动物园，还是去公园更明智些？这是一个选择疑问句，提供了两个选项“take them to the zoo (带他们去动物园)”和“go to the park (去公园)”，需要用连词or来连接，表示“或者；还是”，用于在两个选项中进行选择。 14．If you like maths you could be an accountant; you could be a maths teacher. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你喜欢数学，你可以成为一名会计；或者你可以成为一名数学教师。此处为选择关系，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。 15．It turned out to be a lovely day, we decided to go out for a walk. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：结果那天天气很好，所以我们决定出去散步。前半句“天气好”是后半句“出去散步”的原因，两句之间为因果关系，需用表结果的并列连词“so”连接，符合逻辑。故填so。 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让它引人注目的是恐惧的表达。空处引导名词性从句作主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“the expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 17．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，由or可知，空格处是whether，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，因此空格处用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你应该先知道要去哪里，你再计划到那里的最佳路线。此处引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，表示“哪里”，应用连接副词where引导。故用where。 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个正站在学校门口的男人吗？“_______ is standing at the school gate”是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the man，指人，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。 单句语法填空（无提示词） 一、冠词 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 参考答案： 1．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：当我看到一个孩子受到这种压力时，我就想到了唐尼。他是个害羞、紧张的完美主义者。设空处修饰名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，设空后单词shy以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：从前有一只山羊和一头驴……农夫就把山羊杀了，用它的心脏做的药给驴吃。分析句子可知，设空处位于名词goat前，根据后面and gave the donkey及句意可知，此处特指那只山羊，应用定冠词the。故填the。 3．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：唐朝产生了许多伟大的诗人，如李白、杜甫和白居易。a host of“许多，很多”，固定短语，故填a。 4．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：Thomas Edison站在寻找替代汽车动力方式的最前沿。at the forefront“在最前沿”是固定搭配，故填the。 5．An 【详解】考查冠词。句意：前几天，一位专家和一些助手被派去帮忙做这项工作。expert是可数名词，此处泛指“一位专家”，用不定冠词限定，expert以元音音素开头，应用an，位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。 二、介词 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 【答案】 1．despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管他用错了手，但他还是赢得了羽毛球赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“尽管......”，且空后为名词the fact，故应用介词despite“尽管”，故填despite。 2．without 【详解】考查介词。句意：实时的、高细节的卫星地图可能会被用来在任何人不知情的情况下，随时对任何人保持标记。根据句意可知，句中指“在人们不知情的情况下”，随时对任何人保持标记，故空格处应用介词“without”，意为“没有”，“without one’s knowledge”表示“在某人不知情的情况下”。故填without。 3．like 【详解】考查介词。句意：它开始于评估贷款申请的信用风险，通过阅读邮政编码中的手写字符来分类邮件。“assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes”是对前面things举的例子，空格处意为“像，比如”，需填介词like。故填like。 三、代词 1．Helen is the kind of worker who always pulls (she) weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】her 【详解】句意：海伦是那种恪尽职守、尽本分的员工。空后为名词，所以此处使用she的形容词性物主代词her，固定短语pull one’s weight，意为“尽自己本分、做好分内事”。 2．When doing scientific experiments, the students absorbed (they) in observing the changes carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空填空) 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：在做科学实验时，学生们全神贯注地仔细观察变化。absorb oneself in是固定短语，意为“专心于”，因此空格处用反身代词themselves。 3．You should apply (you) to your study whole-heartedly.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】yourself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：你应该全身心地投入到学习中去。本空在句中作apply的宾语，且主语和宾语是同一对象，应该用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 4．He fancies (he) a good singer, but he needs more practice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】himself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：他自认为是个不错的歌手，但实际上他还需要更多的练习。主语he和宾语he一致，因此空格处用反身代词himself作宾语，故填himself。 5．Every festival has (it) different customs and unique charms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】its 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：每个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的魅力。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词。故填its。 四、情态动词 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 参考答案： 1．may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手中没有武器。分 析句子结构可知，本句中主语为动名词Handshaking，为单数，而谓语动词是have started，且have是用的原形；结合句意，此处表达一种猜测，所以应该用情态动词may/might have done表示“有可能”。故填may或might。 2．must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句子结构可知，bread是句子的主语且是单数形式，而空格后动词stay用了动词原形。换言之，空格要填上一个词使得stay保持形式不变，考虑情态动词。再分析句意，长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜度，因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。 3．would/could 【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：野生动物保护区的部落部门经理Whisper Camel-Means说，在鱼类和野生动物管理局的监督下，那里的展品之前使用了不同部落对野牛的说法，他们不会接受这一点。空后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，此处表示“他们不会接受这一点”，空格处表示“不会”或“不能”，由said可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处情态动词用过去式would/could，故填would/could。 五、从属连词 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 参考答案： 1．Since/As/Because 【详解】考查连词。句意：一条自制面包的配料很简单，如面粉、水、盐和糖。既然你自己做这个面包，你可以控制配料的使用。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为主句，逗号前为连词引导的从句。由句意可知，从句表示原因，主句表示结果，所以空处需填写引导原因状语从句的连接词。从属连词because， as，since均符合题意。故答案填Since/As/Because。 2．unless 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：大多数动物与不同种类的动物几乎毫无关系，除非他们要去猎食对方。根据主从句逻辑关系，应用表达“除非”的连词引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 3．where 【详解】考查连词。句意：坐落于一带一路的交汇点，江苏将为一带一路建设作出更大的贡献。located“坐落于；位于”，后接地点状语；句中the Belt meets the Road结构完整，要用where来连接地点状语从句，故填where。 4．so that 【详解】考查连词。句意：让孩子们参与计划假期可以确保他们也有一个很棒的假期。我喜欢参观历史古迹和博物馆，而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间，这样每个人都能享受假期。so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，故填so that。 5．in case 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：他把照相机准备好了，以防他看到能拍出好照片的东西。短语in case表示“以防，万一”，引导目的状语从句，用在此处符合句意。故填in case。 六、并列连词 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 参考答案： 1．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：毒品滥用对个人的身心影响严重，造成的经济损失巨大。根据句意可知，前后句子是并列关系，空格处用and表并列，故填and。 2．but 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：不仅越来越多的人开始跑步，他们还使用可穿戴设备，并使用手机上的软件记录跑步距离和燃烧的卡路里量。not only...but (also)“不但……而且”为固定句型。故填but。 3．while 【详解】考查连词。句意：Cesar Chavez学校的Charles Cheadle说：“男孩不太害怕他们可能会做一些会伤害电脑的事情，而女孩则担心她们可能会以某种方式破坏它。” 表示两者之间的对比或相反的情况，用连词while。根据句意，故填while。 4．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：由于经常露面，他抓住所有机会，朝着自己的目标不断前进。他把作品寄给了一个学生展览，并被Rule画廊的老板Robin Rule接受了。分析句子可知，took opportunities和got him closer都是句子谓语，为并列关系，故用并列连词and。 5．so/and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我从来没有看过沙尘暴是什么样子，所以我告诉他我要出去亲自看看。空格处考查句间关系，根据句意可知，空处前后句间为并列关系或因果关系。故填so/and。 一、语法填空基础练习 (A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today, and I’m so glad that I could help my best friend. It also left me 1 (think) about what it really means to be a “good friend”. In my opinion, the following 2 (quality) form the basis of a friendship. A good friend needs to be 3 (support). I can see that Tim is having trouble 4 (balance) his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him. I must respect and support the choices he makes. I should also encourage him 5 (take) action to get over these difficulties. A good friend also needs to be selfless. Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help. When he’s struggling 6 his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a 7 (efficient) learner. It’ll take up some of my spare time, 8 this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do the same for me. To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. And I think Tim is the one 9 brings out the best in me. Through 10 (we) conversation today, I know that our friendship will grow stronger than ever. 【答案】 1．thinking 2．qualities 3．supportive 4．balancing 5．to take 6．with 7．more efficient 8．but 9．who/that 10．our 【导语】作者通过与好友Tim的交流，思考了成为一名“好朋友”的含义，阐述了构成友谊基础的品质，并表达了对二人友谊的珍视。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这也让我思考，成为一名“好朋友”究竟意味着什么。leave sb. doing sth.表示“让某人一直做某事”，此处用think的现在分词作宾语补足语。 2．考查名词复数。句意：在我看来，以下这些品质构成了友谊的基础。quality意为“品质”是可数名词，且根据动词“form”可知，主语应用复数形式qualities。 3．考查形容词。句意：一个好朋友应当给予支持。作表语，用形容词supportive。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我能看出蒂姆在兼顾项目工作和学业方面遇到了困难，而且我也明白这两方面对他来说都非常重要。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：我还应该鼓励他采取行动来克服这些困难。短语encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。 6．考查介词。句意：当他学习遇到困难时，我应该尽我所能帮助他提高学习效率。短语struggle with表示“挣扎”。 7．考查比较级。句意：当他学习遇到困难时，我应该尽我所能帮助他提高学习效率。此处为比较关系，用比较级，在前面加more，构成more efficient。 8．考查连词。句意：这会占用我一些空闲时间，但这份友谊值得我付出额外的时间和精力。前句“这会占用我的业余时间”与后句“这份友谊值得额外的时间和努力”之间是转折关系，应用连词but。 9．考查定语从句。句意：而我认为蒂姆正是那个能让我展现出最佳状态的人。定语从句修饰先行词one，在从句作主语，指人，故用who或that。 10．考查代词。句意：通过我们今天的交谈，我深知我们的友谊将会比以往任何时候都更加深厚。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词our。 (B) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ben is in an 11 (embarrass) situation and he turns to Agony Aunt for help. Ben said that he became very 12 (annoy) because of his school basketball team’s failure in the last match. He thought that their point guard should be responsible 13 it. Then Ben told that to his best friend, who, however, told everyone what he had said. He is in a total mess now, writing to Agony Aunt for help. In the reply letter, Agony Aunt says one of the 14 (strategy) to keep a relationship is clear communication. Firstly, it is a good idea to apologise to his teammate. Wanting to win any more basketball games, they need to work together, 15 means communicating with each other clearly and 16 (resolve) conflicts. Then it would be better to tell his friend that he is angry with him for repeating 17 he said and making the situation 18 (bad), but that he wants to move on. 19 (approach) in that way, his friendship will be repaired. Thirdly, and most 20 ( important), Ben should think about his own behaviour and not say too much when he becomes angry. 【答案】 11．embarrassing 12．annoyed 13．for 14．strategies 15．which 16．resolving 17．what 18．worse 19．Approached 20．importantly 【导语】本文主要讲述了Ben因学校篮球队比赛失利及自己言论被朋友泄露而陷入困境，向知心阿姨（Agony Aunt）求助，Agony Aunt在回信中给出了维持关系的建议。 【详解】11．考查形容词。句意：Ben陷入了一个尴尬的境地，他向知心阿姨求助。空格位于冠词an和名词situation之间，应填入形容词作定语修饰名词situation。用embarrass以-ing结尾的形容词embarrassing，意为“令人尴尬的”。 12．考查形容词。句意：Ben说，他因为校篮球队在上一场比赛中的失败而感到非常恼火。空格位于became very之后，描写ben的感受，用annoy以-ed结尾的形容词annoyed，意为“感到恼火的”。 13．考查固定搭配。句意：他认为他们的控球后卫应该为此负责。be responsible for为固定短语，意为“对……负责”。 14．考查名词复数。句意：在回信中，知心阿姨说，维持关系的策略之一是清晰的沟通。one of后接可数名词复数形式，表示“……之一”。strategy的复数形式为strategies。 15．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：为了赢得更多篮球比赛，他们需要共同努力，这意味着要彼此清晰沟通并解决冲突。此处需要关系词引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句“他们需要共同努力”这件事，并在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赢得更多篮球比赛，他们需要共同努力，这意味着要彼此清晰沟通并解决冲突。空格与communicating并列，作means的宾语。resolve用动名词形式resolving，构成并列结构，固定搭配mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”。 17．考查宾语从句。句意：然后，最好告诉他的朋友，他对朋友重复他说的话并让情况变得更糟而感到生气，但他希望继续向前看。此空引导宾语从句，从句中said缺少宾语，指所说的话，所以用连接代词what引导该宾语从句。 18．考查形容词比较级。句意：然后，最好告诉他的朋友，他对朋友重复他说的话并让情况变得更糟而感到生气，但他希望继续向前看。空格位于动词making之后，是“make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构。根据语境，朋友的行为使情况“更糟”，应用形容词bad的比较级形式worse作宾语补足语。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：以那种方式处理的话，他的友谊将会修复。此处作状语，approach与逻辑主语his friendship之间是动宾关系，相当于条件状语从句“If it is approached in that way”，应用过去分词approached作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。 20．考查副词最高级。句意：第三点，也是最重要的一点，Ben应该反思自己的行为，不要在生气时说太多。此处用副词importantly作状语，修饰整个句子，most importantly表示“最重要的是”。 (C) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After graduation, Zhang Tian applied for and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. He imagined all sorts of 21 (excite) things about living independently and teaching in a village. 22 , not everything lived up to his hopes. The school was much 23 (small) than he had expected. The playground got 24 (dust) on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more 25 (challenge) than he had thought. But he decided to stay and deal with the challenges. 26 (make) school life healthier and livelier for his students, he introduced more subjects 27 the school — music, art and PE. It’s been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. 28 made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English and they became more 29 (confidence). Besides teaching, Zhang Tian also made a great 30 (contribute) to the village, so he became very popular among the villagers. 【答案】 21．exciting 22．However 23．smaller 24．dusty 25．challenging 26．To make 27．to 28．What 29．confident 30．contribution 【导语】文章讲述了大学毕业生张天成为乡村支教志愿者后，从感到理想与现实的差距到积极适应、做出贡献的故事。 【详解】21．考查形容词。句意：他想象着关于独立生活和在乡村教书的各种令人兴奋的事情。空处作修饰things的定语，描述其性质，形容词exciting符合题意，意为“令人兴奋的”。 22．考查副词。句意：然而，并不是所有的事情都达到了他的期望。上下文语义构成转折，且空后有逗号，因此空处应用意为“然而”的副词however连接上下文，且句首单词的首字母需大写。 23．考查比较级。句意：这所学校比他原先预计的要小得多。空处作表语，结合空后的“than he had expected”可知，需用形容词small的比较级形式。 24．考查形容词。句意：操场刮风的时候尘土飞扬，下雨的时候泥泞不堪。空处和muddy并列，作表语，应用dust的形容词形式dusty，意为“尘土飞扬的”。 25．考查形容词。句意：住在村子里也比他想象的要困难。空处和more构成比较级，作表语，描述“住在村子里”的性质，应用challenge的形容词形式challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让学生们的校园生活更加健康和活跃，他向学校引进了更多的课程——音乐、艺术和体育。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，“让学生们的校园生活更加健康和活跃”是谓语行为的目的，因此用make的不定式形式，作目的状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。 27．考查介词。句意：为了让学生们的校园生活更加健康和活跃，他向学校引进了更多的课程——音乐、艺术和体育。结合空前的“introduced more subjects”可知，固定短语introduce A to B符合题意，意为“向B引入A”。 28．考查主语从句。句意：令他感到满意的是，他的学生能够用英语读、说、写，他们变得更加自信。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“that his students were able to read”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。 29．考查形容词。句意：令他感到满意的是，他的学生能够用英语读、说、写，他们变得更加自信。空处和more构成比较级，作表语，应用confidence的形容词形式confident，意为“自信的”。 30．考查名词。句意：除了教书，张天还为村里做出了很大的贡献，因此他在村民中很受欢迎。空处作made的宾语，被great修饰，名词contribution符合题意，意为“贡献”，且用单数形式。 二、语法填空进阶练习 1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Smartphone: a smart choice? I was a smartphone addict. My eyes were always glued 31 the little screen. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up to much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful. Sliding into the habit was easy, 32 it was difficult to quit the habit. Then the day came when I 33 (final) realized I had to make 34 change. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly 35 (knock) me off my feet!. At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole week without my smartphone. The first day was the 36 (hard). I was used to checking the news and my friends’ social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. It was 37 (scare) at first. Then somehow I began 38 (feel) free. I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language. The details of the scene 39 (reveal) in front of me: the soft sunlight, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain. By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great 40 (appreciate) for life beyond the screen. 【答案】 31．to 32．but 33．finally 34．a 35．knocking 36．hardest 37．scary 38．to feel 39．revealed 40．appreciation 【导语】本文讲述作者戒除智能手机成瘾的经历：因险些被车撞而决心远离手机一周，起初不适，后逐渐感受到自由，重拾阅读乐趣，最终领悟屏幕之外生活的珍贵。 【详解】31．考查介词。句意：我的眼睛一直盯着那小小的屏幕。短语be glued to表示“盯着”。 32．考查连词。句意：养成习惯很容易，但戒掉习惯却很难。前后分句为转折关系，用连词but。 33．考查副词。句意：终于有一天，我意识到自己必须做出改变。修饰动词realize用副词finally。 34．考查冠词。句意：终于有一天，我意识到自己必须做出改变。短语make a change表示“做出改变”。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：低头看着手机，我走进马路时，一辆汽车猛地从旁边驶过，差点把我撞倒！此处knock与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 36．考查最高级。句意：第一天是最难的。表示“最难的”结合不定冠词可知为最高级。 37．考查形容词。句意：一开始很吓人。主语为It，作表语，用形容词scary。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后不知怎的，我开始感到自由了。短语begin to do sth.表示“开始做某事”。 39．考查时态。句意：眼前所展现的场景细节：柔和的阳光，雨后泥土散发出的浓郁而自然的气息。发生在过去用一般过去时。 40．考查名词。句意：那七天让我更加珍惜屏幕之外的生活。作宾语，用名词appreciation。 2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A music concert “Echoes of Ancient Tang Poems” performed by iSING! Suzhou singers and the Philadelphia Orchestra 41 (stage) at Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts in Philadelphia on Jan 6, 2023. Another concert 42 (feature) Tang poetry was held at the Lincoln Center in New York on Jan 7. Fifteen iSING! Suzhou singers from 10 countries led by Liao Guomin, former assistant (助理) conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra, performed songs written by young 43 (composer) from six countries. The songs included many well-known poems from the Tang Dynasty 44 are popular worldwide, such as Luo Binwang’s Song of the Goose and Li Bai’s Quiet Night Thoughts. 45 (establish) in Suzhou in 2014, iSING! Suzhou International Young Singers Art Festival is China’s first international vocal (声乐) art festival. Over the past eight years, the festival 46 (gather) outstanding young singers from all over the world, promoted Chinese and classical music, and enhanced cultural exchanges between China 47 the West, becoming a cultural calling card for Suzhou to go global. The 48 (wonder) performances were also held to celebrate the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the Philadelphia Orchestra’s China tour in 1973. The Philadelphia Orchestra, as the first American orchestra 49 (visit) China, bridged the two nations in 50 (it) cultural field. 【答案】 41．was staged 42．featuring 43．composers 44．that/which 45．Established 46．has gathered 47．and 48．wonderful 49．to visit 50．its 【导语】本文主要介绍两场以唐诗为主题的音乐会在美国举办，讲述苏州 iSING! 国际青年歌唱家艺术节的创办、发展与文化价值，同时介绍费城管弦乐团访华的文化意义。 【详解】41．考查时态和语态。句意：2023年1月6日，由iSING!苏州歌手和费城交响乐团演出的“唐诗的回响”音乐会在费城金梅尔表演艺术中心上演。stage(举办，上演)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“on Jan 6, 2023”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语“A music concert”与stage之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，助动词用was。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一场以唐诗为特色的音乐会于1月7日在纽约林肯中心举行。空白处作后置定语修饰Another concert，feature(以……为特色)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语Another concert之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，表示主动。 43．考查名词。句意：由费城交响乐团前助理指挥廖国敏带领的来自10个国家的15名iSING!苏州歌手，演唱了来自6个国家年轻作曲家创作的歌曲。提示词作介词by的宾语，且前面有young修饰，应用名词复数形式composers，意为“作曲家们”。 44．考查定语从句。句意：这些歌曲包括许多来自唐朝的在世界范围内广为人知的诗歌，例如骆宾王的《咏鹅》和李白的《静夜思》。“____ are popular worldwide”是定语从句，修饰先行词poems，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：iSING!苏州国际青年歌手艺术节于2014年在苏州成立，是中国第一个国际声乐艺术节。空白处在句子中作状语，establish(建立，成立)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语iSING! Suzhou International Young Singers Art Festival之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，表示被动；句首单词首字母大写。 46．考查时态。句意：在过去的八年里，该艺术节汇集了来自世界各地的优秀青年歌手，推广了中国音乐和古典音乐，促进了中西方的文化交流，成为苏州走向世界的一张文化名片。gather(汇集)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“Over the past eight years”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，主语是单数名词the festival，助动词用has。 47．考查连词。句意：在过去的八年里，该艺术节汇集了来自世界各地的优秀青年歌手，推广了中国音乐和古典音乐，促进了中西方的文化交流，成为苏州走向世界的一张文化名片。根据句意可知，“China”和“the West”之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接，构成between...and...（在……和……之间）结构。 48．考查形容词。句意：这些精彩的演出也是为了庆祝费城交响乐团1973年中国巡演50周年。空白处修饰名词performances，用形容词wonderful作定语，意为“精彩的”。 49．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为第一个访问中国的美国交响乐团，费城交响乐团在文化领域架起了两国之间的桥梁。空白处作后置定语修饰the first American orchestra，visit(访问)用非谓语动词形式；当名词被序数词（如the first）修饰时，其后通常用不定式作定语，故填to visit。 50．考查代词。句意：作为第一个访问中国的美国交响乐团，费城交响乐团在文化领域架起了两国之间的桥梁。提示词修饰名词cultural field，应用形容词性物主代词its，指代前面提到的“The Philadelphia Orchestra’s”，意为“它的”。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点22 语法填空考向透视之无提示词 初中视角 高中展望 初中语法填空 文本上 短文篇幅短，多小故事、简单日常说明文；句式以简单句、基础复合句为主，生词少，文意浅显易懂。 考点上 1. 纯基础语法：时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、人称代词、介词、冠词、基础连词； 2. 给出提示词多直接变形，无复杂变形规则；无提示空只考固定搭配介词 /and/but 等基础连接词； 3. 不涉及复杂非谓语、复合从句、特殊句式。 命题与答题要求 考点单一孤立，一句话基本只考一个语法点；上下文逻辑关联弱，单句就能推出答案；陷阱少，熟记基础规则即可拿分。 高中语法填空 文本上 语篇篇幅更长，科普、议论文、人物传记居多；大量长难复合句、嵌套从句，抽象词汇、熟词生义较多，语篇逻辑紧密。 考点上 1. 提示词：非谓语动词、各类时态语态、形容词副词比较级、词性转换（名 / 动 / 形互变）、不规则变形； 2. 无提示词：定语从句关系词、名词性从句引导词、特殊连词、限定词； 3. 兼顾句子语法 + 段落逻辑，兼顾固定搭配与句式结构分析。 命题与答题要求 考点综合化，一句话常叠加多层语法；不能只看单句，要结合全篇时态、上下文逻辑判断；易设陷阱：固定搭配混淆、谓语与非谓语区分、各类从句引导词混用，对句子拆解能力要求高。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、简短语篇形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 初中：以基础为主，考点多为 “显性语法规则”（如基础时态语态、固定搭配、简单词形转化）。 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973), also known as Sai Zhenzhu, was an American writer. Even today, she 1 (consider) one of the most important Westerners to write about China. Her writing shows 2 (we) that understanding between people is always possible. The Good Earth, Buck’s most popular novel, came out in 1931. In this book, Buck wrote not only about poverty but also about the 3 (beautiful) of daily life, the warmth of family, and the quiet courage of farmers. 4 society that she described was warm and full of life. Through this book, many people in the West learned 5 China and began to see Chinese farmers as honest, kind, and hardworking people. Buck’s importance lies in 6 she got to know different cultures. She grew up in China and spent many years living and working with local people. This helped her understand their lives 7 (deep). We can learn from Buck that meaningful cultural exchange starts with everyday experiences, not imagination. However, China 8 (change) greatly and become more connected to the world today. 9 (understand) modern China, reading Buck’s books alone is not enough. Yet it is still 10 (value) to see people through their shared feelings as Buck did. 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中语法填空主要考查有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示 词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词形词性转化等；无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 考点清单 考点二、语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 小试牛刀： 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 4．I will keep (they) company while they are in trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．In order to better adapt (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 7．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 8．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 9．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 10．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 小试牛刀： 1．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 2．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 3．In order she could catch the first bus, she got up very early. (用适当的词填空) 4．The mountains look so grand all visitors are deeply impressed. (用适当的词填空) 5． you submit your research proposal by Friday, you will not be able to apply for the grant this semester. （用适当的词填空） 6．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 7．The old man still paints he did when he was young — with great patience and passion. (用适当的词填空) 8．The study found that the louder the music, the (bad) the performance in concentration. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．The (careful) you are in the exam, the fewer mistakes you will make. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 11．It’s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do what you want to do. (用适当的词填空) 12．She wanted to go to the concert, she had to work overtime. (用适当的词填空) 13．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 14．If you like maths you could be an accountant; you could be a maths teacher. (用适当的词填空) 15．It turned out to be a lovely day, we decided to go out for a walk. (用适当的词填空) 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 17．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 单句语法填空（无提示词） 一、冠词 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 二、介词 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 三、代词 1．Helen is the kind of worker who always pulls (she) weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．When doing scientific experiments, the students absorbed (they) in observing the changes carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空填空) 3．You should apply (you) to your study whole-heartedly.（所给词的适当形式填空） 4．He fancies (he) a good singer, but he needs more practice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Every festival has (it) different customs and unique charms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 四、情态动词 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 五、从属连词 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 六、并列连词 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 一、语法填空基础练习 (A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today, and I’m so glad that I could help my best friend. It also left me 1 (think) about what it really means to be a “good friend”. In my opinion, the following 2 (quality) form the basis of a friendship. A good friend needs to be 3 (support). I can see that Tim is having trouble 4 (balance) his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him. I must respect and support the choices he makes. I should also encourage him 5 (take) action to get over these difficulties. A good friend also needs to be selfless. Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help. When he’s struggling 6 his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a 7 (efficient) learner. It’ll take up some of my spare time, 8 this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do the same for me. To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. And I think Tim is the one 9 brings out the best in me. Through 10 (we) conversation today, I know that our friendship will grow stronger than ever. (B) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ben is in an 11 (embarrass) situation and he turns to Agony Aunt for help. Ben said that he became very 12 (annoy) because of his school basketball team’s failure in the last match. He thought that their point guard should be responsible 13 it. Then Ben told that to his best friend, who, however, told everyone what he had said. He is in a total mess now, writing to Agony Aunt for help. In the reply letter, Agony Aunt says one of the 14 (strategy) to keep a relationship is clear communication. Firstly, it is a good idea to apologise to his teammate. Wanting to win any more basketball games, they need to work together, 15 means communicating with each other clearly and 16 (resolve) conflicts. Then it would be better to tell his friend that he is angry with him for repeating 17 he said and making the situation 18 (bad), but that he wants to move on. 19 (approach) in that way, his friendship will be repaired. Thirdly, and most 20 ( important), Ben should think about his own behaviour and not say too much when he becomes angry. (C) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After graduation, Zhang Tian applied for and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. He imagined all sorts of 21 (excite) things about living independently and teaching in a village. 22 , not everything lived up to his hopes. The school was much 23 (small) than he had expected. The playground got 24 (dust) on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more 25 (challenge) than he had thought. But he decided to stay and deal with the challenges. 26 (make) school life healthier and livelier for his students, he introduced more subjects 27 the school — music, art and PE. It’s been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. 28 made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English and they became more 29 (confidence). Besides teaching, Zhang Tian also made a great 30 (contribute) to the village, so he became very popular among the villagers. 二、语法填空进阶练习 1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Smartphone: a smart choice? I was a smartphone addict. My eyes were always glued 31 the little screen. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up to much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful. Sliding into the habit was easy, 32 it was difficult to quit the habit. Then the day came when I 33 (final) realized I had to make 34 change. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly 35 (knock) me off my feet!. At that very moment, I made up my mind to spend a whole week without my smartphone. The first day was the 36 (hard). I was used to checking the news and my friends’ social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. It was 37 (scare) at first. Then somehow I began 38 (feel) free. I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language. The details of the scene 39 (reveal) in front of me: the soft sunlight, the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain. By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. Those seven days have given me a great 40 (appreciate) for life beyond the screen. 2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A music concert “Echoes of Ancient Tang Poems” performed by iSING! Suzhou singers and the Philadelphia Orchestra 41 (stage) at Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts in Philadelphia on Jan 6, 2023. Another concert 42 (feature) Tang poetry was held at the Lincoln Center in New York on Jan 7. Fifteen iSING! Suzhou singers from 10 countries led by Liao Guomin, former assistant (助理) conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra, performed songs written by young 43 (composer) from six countries. The songs included many well-known poems from the Tang Dynasty 44 are popular worldwide, such as Luo Binwang’s Song of the Goose and Li Bai’s Quiet Night Thoughts. 45 (establish) in Suzhou in 2014, iSING! Suzhou International Young Singers Art Festival is China’s first international vocal (声乐) art festival. Over the past eight years, the festival 46 (gather) outstanding young singers from all over the world, promoted Chinese and classical music, and enhanced cultural exchanges between China 47 the West, becoming a cultural calling card for Suzhou to go global. The 48 (wonder) performances were also held to celebrate the 50th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the Philadelphia Orchestra’s China tour in 1973. The Philadelphia Orchestra, as the first American orchestra 49 (visit) China, bridged the two nations in 50 (it) cultural field. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $