2025-2026学年沪教版英语（五四）九年级上册课文翻译（全册）

**基本信息** 沪教五四九年级英语单元同步翻译材料，涵盖6单元B1对话、C2阅读及D1短文，通过人际交往、职业规划、文化习俗等真实情境，融合语言能力与文化意识培养，适配同步教学需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |文本翻译|每单元3篇（B1/C2/D1）|含日常交流（Unit1）、职业梦想（Unit2）、文化习俗（Unit3-4）、建筑文化（Unit5）、环境保护（Unit6）|情境具时代性，如Unit6塑料污染解决方案；注重思维品质，如C2篇章需深层理解文化内涵；体现学科特色，通过翻译实践提升语言能力与跨文化沟通能力。|

沪教五四九上课文翻译（全册） 各单元 B1、C2、D1 文本及翻译 Unit 1 B1（第12页） 原文： Yiming: Professor Yang, I have a question for you. I'm having a hard time getting along with others. I feel like a fool when talking to my classmates. Is this common? Professor Yang: I think this is something that everyone goes through. Don't worry too much! Yiming: I want to make more friends. Could you give me some advice? Professor Yang: I would love to! But, sorry, I'm quite busy today. Could you come to my office during lunch break on Wednesday? Yiming: Yes, of course! Where is your office? Professor Yang: It's Room 104 in Building B. So I will see you at twelve there. Yiming: Great! Thank you very much, Professor Yang. 翻译： 一鸣：杨教授，我有一个问题想问您。我和别人相处得很不好。跟同学说话的时候，我觉得自己像个傻瓜。这正常吗？ 杨教授：我认为这是每个人都会经历的事情。别太担心！ 一鸣：我想交更多朋友。您能给我一些建议吗？ 杨教授：我很愿意！但是，很抱歉，我今天很忙。你周三午休时间来我办公室一趟好吗？ 一鸣：好的，当然可以！您的办公室在哪里？ 杨教授：B栋104室。那我们十二点在那儿见。 一鸣：太好了！非常感谢您，杨教授。 C2（第14-15页） 原文： From an ugly duckling to a swan 1 Hans Christian Andersen was born in 1805 in a one-bedroom house in Odense, Denmark. This tiny house was shared by 12 people. Although it was crowded, it helped to develop his unique imagination. Andersen rarely spoke highly of his childhood, however, the only thing from his childhood that he always spoke fondly of was a bookshelf full of books. With a lively imagination, he loved to tell stories he had read to anyone who would listen. 2 When Andersen was 11, the already struggling family experienced a big blow — Andersen's father passed away. To support the family, his mother tried to put an end to Andersen's dream of becoming a writer by sending him to work. But Andersen knew that his only interest lay in books and stories. In the following years, Andersen lived in extreme poverty. To earn money and follow his dream, at 14, the young Andersen left for Copenhagen where he tried different jobs, like a weaver, a tailor, or a ballet dancer, but he couldn't do them very well. 3 At the age of 17, Andersen's hard work paid off. Jonas Collin, a director of the Royal Danish Theatre, read some of Andersen's works and felt that he showed promise. With the help of Collin, Andersen was able to continue his education. At school, Andersen was not an excellent student because he had difficulty in reading and spelling. He was often made fun of for his appearance and voice, which made him feel lonely. Even his teacher thought it was impossible for him to become a writer. Whatever happened, Andersen stayed positive and didn't give up. He kept learning to read and write. 4 Finally, from 1835, Andersen received praise for his "fairy tales", and he began to enjoy his hard-earned success. He once described his schooldays as the bitterest time of his life, and admitted that most of his stories were a reflection of his own life. But such experiences gave birth to fairy tales such as The Ugly Duckling and The Little Mermaid. Much like the ugly duckling, Andersen only in his late 60s became the "swan" — a "national treasure" of Denmark. 翻译： 从丑小鸭到天鹅 1 汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生于1805年出生在丹麦欧登塞一间一居室的房子里。这间小房子住了12个人。虽然很拥挤，但这反而培养了他独特的想象力。安徒生很少称赞自己的童年，然而，童年里他唯一总是满怀深情地提起的，是一个装满书的书架。凭借丰富的想象力，他喜欢把自己读过的故事讲给任何愿意听的人。 2 安徒生11岁时，本已生活拮据的家庭遭受了沉重打击——安徒生的父亲去世了。为了养家糊口，他的母亲试图通过送他去工作来终结他成为作家的梦想。但安徒生知道自己唯一的兴趣在于书籍和故事。在接下来的几年里，安徒生生活在极度贫困之中。为了赚钱并追求梦想，14岁的安徒生前往哥本哈根，在那里他尝试了不同的工作，比如织布工、裁缝、芭蕾舞演员，但都做得不太好。 3 17岁时，安徒生的努力得到了回报。丹麦皇家剧院的一位总监乔纳斯·柯林读了一些安徒生的作品，觉得他很有潜力。在柯林的帮助下，安徒生得以继续接受教育。在学校里，安徒生并不是一个优秀的学生，因为他在阅读和拼写方面有困难。他经常因为外表和声音被人嘲笑，这让他感到孤独。甚至连他的老师都认为他不可能成为作家。但无论发生什么，安徒生都保持积极乐观，没有放弃。他坚持学习阅读和写作。 4 最终，从1835年起，安徒生的“童话”获得了赞誉，他开始享受来之不易的成功。他曾把自己的学生时代描述为一生中最痛苦的时光，并承认他的大多数故事都是自己生活的写照。但正是这样的经历催生了《丑小鸭》和《小美人鱼》等童话。就像丑小鸭一样，安徒生直到快七十岁时才变成“天鹅”——成为丹麦的“国宝”。 D1（第20页） 原文： In the 8th grade, our English teacher required everyone to practise public speaking in front of the class. Each time, I would practise on the way to school the day before, and rehearse before my turn came. The first few times, my voice was shaking, my hands were sweating, and I even forgot parts of my speech. As time went on, I became less nervous and gained more confidence as a speaker, especially when I saw my classmates become interested in my talk. Now, I feel confident about speaking to a crowd, even in English. I always prepare my speeches well, and I don't get as nervous as I used to. 翻译： 八年级时，我们的英语老师要求每个人在班上练习公开演讲。每次，我都会在前一天去学校的路上练习，并在轮到我之前再排练一下。最初几次，我的声音在颤抖，手心在出汗，甚至还会忘记部分演讲内容。 随着时间的推移，我变得不那么紧张了，作为演讲者也有了更多的自信，尤其是当我看到同学们对我的演讲产生兴趣的时候。 现在，我对在人群面前讲话充满信心，即使是用英语。我总是充分准备好我的演讲，也不再像以前那样紧张了。 Unit 2 B1（第28页） 原文： Yiming: Ms Chen, could you please give me some ideas on how to get my dream job? Ms Chen: OK, sure. What would you like to do? Yiming: I'd like to be a photographer. I want to take photos for magazines. Ms Chen: That sounds cool! Why do you want to do that? Yiming: Because I am interested in taking photos of everything. Ms Chen: I see. Do you know what skills are required? Yiming: I think I'll have to be very familiar with all kinds of cameras. Ms Chen: I'm afraid that's not enough. You need to have some knowledge of art. You'll need to take some courses and get trained. Yiming: That's true. But before that I'm trying to get some experience. I'm taking photos for the school newspaper. Ms Chen: Good thinking, Yiming. Set a goal and work towards it. I'm sure your dream will come true. Yiming: Thank you, Ms Chen. 翻译： 一鸣：陈老师，您能给我一些关于如何实现我的梦想职业的建议吗？ 陈老师：好的，当然可以。你想做什么工作？ 一鸣：我想成为一名摄影师。我想为杂志拍照。 陈老师：听起来很酷！你为什么想做这个？ 一鸣：因为我对拍摄一切事物都很感兴趣。 陈老师：我明白了。你知道需要什么技能吗？ 一鸣：我想我必须要非常熟悉各种相机。 陈老师：恐怕这还不够。你需要有一些艺术方面的知识。你需要上一些课程并接受培训。 一鸣：是的。但在此之前，我正在尝试积累一些经验。我在为校报拍照。 陈老师：想法不错，一鸣。设定目标并为之努力。我相信你的梦想会实现的。 一鸣：谢谢您，陈老师。 C2（第30-31页） 原文： Giving old books a new life Journalist: Hello, Mr Du. Not many people have heard of book restoration. Could you tell us what you do? Mr Du: Actually, my job is to repair the ancient books which have been damaged over the long periods of time. In our country, more than 10 million old books are waiting for restoration due to worms eating their way into books or because of some damage caused by damp, fire or war. Journalist: What does it take to restore ancient books? Mr Du: Professional skills. In the past, only simple tools like scissors, tweezers and brushes were needed. But now, modern equipment is also very helpful for testing the paper and carrying out other types of research. When we work, we need to be very careful and patient. Sometimes, it takes a whole day or even more to fix only one page if it is seriously damaged. Repairing an ancient book is like doing an operation on a patient. Some people call us book savers. Journalist: How long have you been working as a book saver? Mr Du: Since 1974. After I left the army, I learned from my master in a local museum. I soon took an interest in this work. I have been doing this for decades. Journalist: What keeps you going? Mr Du: It's love and passion that keep me going. I never feel bored. This is what I am good at. Once I took up this work, it meant a job for life. However, I am worried as we don't have enough "doctors" to rescue so many old "patients". Saving their "lives" is our responsibility and we are racing against time. But we cannot work extra hours or at weekends, because our "patients" are stored away then. Journalist: What would you like to say to young people? Mr Du: It's great to see more young people joining our team and choosing to stay. They have good educational backgrounds, and use more scientific methods. They also help with digitalisation, so the public can read these records. Young savers call me "Master", but I would rather think of myself as their teacher. Some masters might be unwilling to pass down all their skills, but as a teacher, I want these young people to do better than me. 翻译： 给古书新生命 记者：您好，杜先生。没有多少人听说过古籍修复。您能告诉我们您的工作是什么吗？ 杜先生：其实，我的工作是修复那些因年代久远而损坏的古籍。在我国，超过一千万册古籍正亟待修复，原因包括虫蛀，或者因为潮湿、火灾、战争等原因造成的损坏。 记者：修复古籍需要什么条件？ 杜先生：专业技能。过去，只需要剪刀、镊子和刷子等简单工具。但现在，现代化设备对于检测纸张和进行其他类型的研究也很有帮助。我们在工作时需要非常细心和耐心。有时候，修复一页严重损坏的书页就需要一整天甚至更长时间。修复古籍就像给病人做手术一样。有人叫我们“书籍救星”。 记者：您从事书籍修复工作多久了？ 杜先生：从1974年开始。退伍后，我在当地博物馆跟着师傅学习。我很快就对这份工作产生了兴趣。我已经做了几十年了。 记者：是什么让您坚持下来的？ 杜先生：是爱和热情让我坚持下来的。我从不感到无聊。这是我擅长的事情。一旦我接手了这份工作，就意味着这是终身的事业。然而，我担心的是我们没有足够的“医生”来拯救这么多老“病人”。抢救它们的“生命”是我们的责任，我们正在与时间赛跑。但我们不能加班或在周末工作，因为那时候我们的“病人”都被存放起来了。 记者：您想对年轻人说些什么？ 杜先生：很高兴看到越来越多的年轻人加入我们的团队并选择留下来。他们有良好的教育背景，并使用更科学的方法。他们还帮助进行数字化，让公众能够阅读这些文献。年轻的修复师们叫我“师父”，但我更愿意把自己看作他们的老师。有些师傅可能不愿意把所有技艺都传下去，但作为老师，我希望这些年轻人做得比我更好。 D1（第36页） 原文： I want to be a scientist who studies living things. Many people don't care about nature these days. I want to help by doing research. I've read about animals that are in trouble. It's important to let people know how valuable nature is and how to protect it. I'm good at Biology and Geography, and I like doing experiments. I also enjoy researching and solving problems, and that's why I'm in my school's Science Club and the World Wide Fund for Nature. I know it will be hard to become a life scientist, but I'll try my best to make it happen. 翻译： 我想成为一名研究生物的科学工作者。 如今很多人不关心大自然。我想通过做研究来提供帮助。我读到过一些濒临困境的动物的报道。让人们了解大自然的价值以及如何保护它是很重要的。 我擅长生物和地理，而且我喜欢做实验。我也喜欢研究和解决问题，这就是为什么我参加了学校的科学俱乐部和世界自然基金会。 我知道成为一名生命科学家会很艰难，但我会尽最大努力去实现它。 Unit 3 B1（第44页） 原文： Mrs Green: It's so hard to decide where to go first on our sightseeing trip! I think it would be fun to visit Kathmandu. Mr Green: That's the biggest city in Nepal! It will be too crowded. Mrs Green: But Kathmandu is where all the best food is! It might be worth trying out some of the local snacks and exploring the city. Mr Green: I do want to try some of the local restaurants. Why don't we go visit the museum in the morning and then stop for lunch? Mrs Green: I think we should visit the food stalls for breakfast before we go to the museum. You can't appreciate art on an empty stomach. Mr Green: All right. 翻译： 格林夫人：真难决定我们观光旅行先去哪里！我觉得去加德满都应该很有趣。 格林先生：那是尼泊尔最大的城市！会太拥挤的。 格林夫人：但是加德满都有所有最好吃的东西！值得去尝尝当地的特色小吃，逛逛这座城市。 格林先生：我确实想尝尝一些当地餐馆。不如我们早上去参观博物馆，然后停下来吃午饭？ 格林夫人：我觉得我们应该在去博物馆之前先去小吃摊吃早餐。空着肚子是无法欣赏艺术的。 格林先生：好吧。 C2（第46-47页） 原文： Teranga: The word that defines Senegal You never know what to expect on your trip. As I waited for my plane to Dakar, a woman dressed in boubou asked if she could use my mobile phone. While I was hesitating, a similarly dressed traveller presented her phone to the woman without a second thought. This was my introduction to Teranga: The Senegalese way of life. During the summer I spent volunteering in Dakar, Teranga helped me learn about and enjoy Senegalese culture. I accepted an invitation to stay with a local family, and regular offers to visit their neighbours and drink coffee. In Dakar, a friend told me, people would be willing to share whatever they have. Requests to strangers for a place to rest, a bathroom, a phone or water, would likely be answered with Teranga. When we went on trips to the beach, children who didn't even know me would jump into my arms to get away from the coming waves. I was shocked by their ease with me, until I remembered that they were raised to believe that community members — even strangers — will always support each other. I often saw adults educating and guiding neighbourhood children like a parent would. Teranga is especially visible in Senegal's food culture. Senegalese families cook in a manner that expects the arrival of guests; it can be a friend or a stranger. To prepare to greet even unplanned visitors with Teranga, there's often an extra plate ready. And for guests who do show up at mealtime, they will always get the best part of the dish. The local people truly believe that the more you give, the more you receive. Teranga builds a culture where there is no "other" and keeps neighbourhood life harmonious. As a song says, "When people come to your country, welcome them and honour them so much that when they leave they will want to return." It's no wonder visitors to the country can't wait to go back. 翻译： Teranga——定义塞内加尔的词 你永远不知道旅途中会遇到什么。当我在等待飞往达喀尔的航班时，一位穿着宽大长袍的女士问我能否借她我的手机。正当我犹豫的时候，一位穿着相似的旅客毫不犹豫地把自己的手机递给了那位女士。这就是我第一次接触到Teranga——塞内加尔人的生活方式。 在我在达喀尔做志愿者的那个夏天，Teranga帮助我了解和欣赏塞内加尔文化。我接受了一个当地家庭的邀请住在他家，还经常被邀请去邻居家喝咖啡。在达喀尔，一个朋友告诉我，人们愿意分享他们拥有的一切。向陌生人请求一个休息的地方、卫生间、手机或水，都很可能会得到Teranga式的回应。 当我们去海边游玩时，甚至不认识我的孩子们会跳进我的怀里躲避涌来的海浪。他们对我的那种亲近让我感到惊讶，直到我意识到，他们从小就被教导要相信社区成员——即使是陌生人——永远会互相帮助。我经常看到大人们像家长一样教育和指导邻居家的孩子。 Teranga在塞内加尔的饮食文化中尤为明显。塞内加尔家庭做饭时总会预期有客人到来——可能是朋友，也可能是陌生人。为了以Teranga之道迎接即使是不期而至的访客，家里常常多备一份饭菜。而那些在用餐时间出现的客人，总能得到菜肴中最好的部分。当地人真心相信：付出越多，得到越多。 Teranga构建了一种没有“他者”的文化，使邻里生活和谐融洽。正如一首歌所唱：“当人们来到你的国家，欢迎他们，尊重他们，以至于当他们离开时还想再回来。”难怪来过这个国家的游客都迫不及待地想故地重游。 D1（第52页） 原文： My trip to Edinburgh was the most memorable I have ever had. On 15 August last year, my parents took me to Edinburgh for the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. There were lots of people from all over the world. I had never seen so many street performances. As I walked on the street, a show called Around the World in 80 Days caught my attention. The show was great, even though it was a shortened version. In another show, a talented woman was painting lovely images on a sand table. That was a great show for all ages. I will never forget my time at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. 翻译： 我去爱丁堡的那次旅行是我最难忘的一次。 去年8月15日，我父母带我去爱丁堡参加爱丁堡边缘艺术节。那里有来自世界各地的人。我从未见过那么多的街头表演。当我走在街上时，一个叫《环游地球80天》的节目吸引了我的注意。虽然是个精简版，但演出非常精彩。在另一个节目中，一位才华横溢的女士在沙盘上画出可爱的图案。那是一个老少皆宜的精彩演出。 我永远不会忘记在爱丁堡边缘艺术节的时光。 Unit 4 B1（第60页） 原文： Bailing: Gorden! I have a perfect idea for our folk customs project! Gorden: What is it? I'm all ears! Bailing: Why don't we do "chunjie"? Have you heard of it before? Gorden: I guess so. That's Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival. It marks the beginning of the Chinese Lunar Calendar and the start of spring. Bailing: Yes, we have a big dinner with family and set off fireworks. Gorden: I have no idea about the customs, but they sound very exciting! Bailing: You're from Greece. How do you celebrate the beginning of the year there? Gorden: People throw clay pots with water out of their windows to wash away bad luck. Bailing: Our customs are so different! Gorden: I guess many different countries have their own traditions for the same thing. Bailing: Yes, I am sure that's what makes each place so special! 翻译： 百灵：戈登！我对我们的民俗项目有一个绝妙的想法！ 戈登：是什么？我洗耳恭听！ 百灵：我们为什么不选“春节”呢？你之前听说过吗？ 戈登：我想是吧。就是中国新年，也叫春节。它标志着中国农历新年的开始和春天的到来。 百灵：是的，我们和家人一起吃团圆饭，还要放烟花。 戈登：我对这些习俗不太了解，但听起来非常热闹！ 百灵：你来自希腊。你们那里是怎么庆祝新年开始的？ 戈登：人们把装着水的陶罐从窗户扔出去，以此来冲走霉运。 百灵：我们的习俗真的很不一样！ 戈登：我想很多不同的国家对同一件事都有自己的传统。 百灵：是的，我相信这正是每个地方如此特别的原因！ C2（第62-63页） 原文： Folk customs, the mirror of the past It is clear that folk customs are very important because they exist in every country. There are three reasons for the importance of folk customs: They explain identity, they pass on history, and they unite the world. Firstly, folk customs help explain identity because they connect us back to our roots. Even if we don't practise folk customs ourselves, we can identify with them and relate to them. They influence who we are and how we see the world. We celebrate special festivals and other important days in ways that relate back to our ancestors. For example, the Spring Festival is celebrated throughout China. Although many of the traditions have changed, there is still the same focus on family and friends. The second key point is that history must be valued and folk customs help achieve this. Today's society is built on yesterday's society. In other words, folk customs are the bridge between the past and the present. In addition, they teach us about ways of living in the past. We are reminded that we can learn from history. Finally, folk customs help unite people around the world. When we practise folk customs, we show others something about ourselves and our culture. Harmony is encouraged in this way. As people from different backgrounds learn about each other, society becomes stronger. To conclude, folk customs give us a strong connection to ourselves, our history and each other. 翻译： 民俗——过去的镜子 显而易见，民俗非常重要，因为它在每个国家都存在。民俗的重要性有三个原因：它们阐释身份认同，它们传承历史，它们团结世界。 首先，民俗有助于阐释身份认同，因为它们将我们与我们的根联系在一起。即使我们自己不践行民俗，我们也能够认同它们并与它们产生共鸣。它们影响我们是谁以及我们如何看待世界。我们庆祝特殊节日和其他重要日子的方式都与我们的祖先有关。例如，全中国都在庆祝春节。虽然许多传统已经改变，但对家庭和朋友的重视始终如一。 第二个关键点是历史必须受到重视，而民俗有助于实现这一点。今天的社会建立在昨天的社会之上。换句话说，民俗是连接过去与现在的桥梁。此外，它们还教给我们过去的生活方式。它们提醒我们可以从历史中学习。 最后，民俗有助于团结全世界的人们。当我们践行民俗时，我们向他人展示了自己和我们的文化。通过这种方式促进了和谐。当来自不同背景的人们互相了解时，社会变得更加团结。 总之，民俗将我们与自己、与历史、与他人紧密地联系在一起。 D1（第68页） 原文： Today, many kinds of Chinese folk art made by hand are dying out. Last weekend when I was walking in the park, an old man painting with sugar caught my eye. With a spoon and hot sugar, the aged artist sat at a table and produced shapes of animals and Chinese characters. This also attracted many children, and they were begging their parents to buy one. The old man told us that, in the future, sugar painting would probably only exist in people's memories because fewer people would learn the skill. I felt sad and worried after hearing his words. This cultural treasure will disappear if we don't find ways to save it. 翻译： 如今，许多种中国手工民间艺术正在消亡。 上周末我在公园散步时，一位用糖作画的老人吸引了我的注意。这位年迈的艺术家坐在桌子旁，用勺子和热糖制作出动物和汉字的形状。 这也吸引了许多孩子，他们缠着父母买一个。老人告诉我们，将来糖画可能只会存在于人们的记忆中了，因为愿意学这门手艺的人越来越少了。听完他的话，我感到既难过又担忧。 如果我们不想办法拯救这件文化瑰宝，它将会消失。 Unit 5 B1（第76页） 原文： Lin Dong: Look! The CBD office buildings in this picture are tall and so cool. They are located in the city centre. We can see them from miles away. Lu Yao: Tall buildings show our progress in technology and design. They are built of steel and new materials. I know you are a fan of tall buildings. Do you think taller buildings are better? Lin Dong: Well, maybe. Every few years, the record for the highest building in the world is broken. But it is a pity that buildings cannot be as high as we'd like. There must be a limit. Lu Yao: Tall buildings have pros and cons. But in the past, low buildings were also wonderful for living and working in. Some were constructed in very unique ways, and they looked so beautiful! Also it was easy to get in and out. Lin Dong: Yes, you're right. But I'm sorry to say some of them were put down or not well kept. 翻译： 林东：看！这张照片里的CBD写字楼又高又酷。它们位于市中心。我们从几英里外就能看到。 陆瑶：高楼展示了我们在技术和设计上的进步。它们是用钢铁和新材料建造的。我知道你是高楼的粉丝。你觉得更高的楼更好吗？ 林东：嗯，也许吧。每隔几年，世界最高建筑的纪录就会被刷新。但遗憾的是，建筑不能像我们想要的那样高。一定有个限度。 陆瑶：高楼有利也有弊。但在过去，低矮的建筑也非常适合居住和工作。有些建筑是用非常独特的方式建造的，看起来非常漂亮！而且进出也很方便。 林东：是的，你说得对。但很遗憾，有些已经被拆除了，或者没有得到很好的保护。 C2（第78-79页） 原文： The Palace Museum The Palace Museum was China's great palace and is one of the largest and best-kept ancient buildings in the world. It started to be built in 1406, and was completed in 1420 during the Ming dynasty. In 1925, it was turned into a public museum. The Palace Museum has a central axis, with halls, palaces, gates and gardens on both sides. The northern part is the Inner Court with gardens and smaller palaces. The southern area contains the Outer Court with larger halls and palaces such as the Taihe Hall (meaning "supreme harmony"), which is also the tallest and largest building in the Palace Museum. The main colours of the Palace Museum are yellow and red. Yellow was a symbol of power, used only by the emperors. The walls, pillars, doors and windows were mostly in red, a symbol of good luck and happiness. The buildings have special roof designs. The corners of the roofs turn up and different tile shapes let water run off easily, so people under the roof do not get wet. Also, the roof tiles are clean and slippery, making it impossible for birds to land on them. In Chinese architecture, the wooden structures are smartly constructed, without any nails! Yet, the buildings in the Palace Museum even stood up to the force of earthquakes. This is because the upturned umbrella-like blocks under the roofs have been designed to act like springs. In Chinese culture, the dragon is a symbol of power and pride. The stone steps are made of jade, carved with dragons. The floors reflect light and are like "golden bricks". The Palace Museum shows the great construction craftsmanship of Chinese people. Together with its collections, it displays the wealth of Chinese culture and records Chinese history over thousands of years. 翻译： 故宫博物院 故宫博物院曾是中国的皇宫，是世界上最大、保存最完好的古建筑之一。它始建于1406年，于1420年明朝时期建成。1925年，它被改造成一座公共博物馆。 故宫有一条中轴线，殿堂、宫室、大门和花园分布在两侧。北部是内廷，有花园和较小的宫室。南部是外朝，有较大的殿堂和宫殿，如太和殿（意为“至高和谐”），它也是故宫中最高最大的建筑。 故宫的主要颜色是黄色和红色。黄色是权力的象征，仅供皇帝使用。墙壁、柱子、门窗大多为红色，红色是好运和幸福的象征。 故宫的建筑有特殊的屋顶设计。屋顶的角向上翘起，不同形状的瓦片便于排水，因此屋顶下的人不会被淋湿。而且屋顶的瓦片干净光滑，鸟儿无法在上面停留。 在中国建筑中，木结构建造得非常巧妙，不用任何钉子！然而，故宫的建筑甚至经受住了地震的考验。这是因为屋顶下方上翘的伞状构件被设计成起到弹簧般的作用。 在中国文化中，龙是权力和骄傲的象征。石阶由汉白玉制成，雕刻着龙纹。地面反光，如同“金砖”一般。 故宫展现了中国人的伟大建筑技艺。连同其收藏品，它展示了中国文化的丰富底蕴，记录了中国数千年的历史。 D1（第84页） 原文： Hi guys! I used to live in small flats and now I have moved into a new building. It has a larger living space. I'm happy. Whenever I move, I feel excited. What kind of place do you prefer to live in? I used to live with my parents and grandparents in a big house in the suburb of Sunny City. It was built of natural materials such as wood. It was close to nature and was often visited by small animals. It's such a lovely place! Now I live in a building in the city centre with my parents. It's not tall or very large, but it is comfortable. There are gyms and supermarkets nearby. It is also an environmentally friendly building. Waste and rubbish are quickly cleared. We have separate units but we can meet our neighbours in the common area. I like where I live now. 翻译： 大家好！我以前住在小公寓里，现在搬进了一栋新楼。它的居住空间更大了。我很开心。每次搬家，我都感到很兴奋。你们更喜欢住在什么样的地方？ 我以前和父母、祖父母一起住在阳光城郊区的⼀栋大房子里。它是用木材等天然材料建造的。那里靠近大自然，经常有小动物来访。真是个可爱的地方！ 现在我住在市中心的一栋楼里，和父母一起。它不高也不大，但很舒适。附近有健身房和超市。它也是一栋环保建筑。垃圾会被迅速清理。我们虽然是独立的单元，但可以在公共区域遇到邻居。我喜欢我现在住的地方。 Unit 6 B1（第92页） 原文： Lu Yao: Guys, how should we introduce noise pollution in our presentation? Yiming: Can we talk about where noise pollution comes from? Bailing: OK. We can start with noise from buildings and restaurants. Lu Yao: That's a good point! Most people don't know that noise is often caused by fans and air conditioners. Yiming: Maybe that's true, but what about traffic noise? It is the biggest cause of noise in cities. Lu Yao: Yes. Road works play a big part in noise pollution too. Bailing: Don't forget the noise people make at home. Pets, TVs and musical instruments can all be very loud. Lu Yao: I agree. Yiming: Sorry, but I'm not sure we have enough time for all these great ideas in our presentation. Bailing: Let's talk about which ideas will be included and which ones will be cut out. Yiming: Yes, let's not make more noise pollution by talking for too long! 翻译： 陆瑶：各位，我们在展示中应该怎么介绍噪音污染呢？ 一鸣：我们可以谈谈噪音污染来自哪里吗？ 百灵：好的。我们可以从建筑物和餐馆的噪音开始。 陆瑶：说得好！大多数人都不知道噪音通常是由风扇和空调引起的。 一鸣：也许是这样，但交通噪音呢？它是城市中最大的噪音来源。 陆瑶：是的。道路施工也是噪音污染的一个重要因素。 百灵：别忘了人们在家里制造的噪音。宠物、电视和乐器都可能非常吵。 陆瑶：我同意。 一鸣：抱歉，但我不确定我们有足够的时间在展示中涵盖所有这些好想法。 百灵：我们来讨论一下哪些想法要保留，哪些要删掉吧。 一鸣：是的，我们可别讨论太久，制造更多噪音污染了！ C2（第94-95页） 原文： A teenager's solution to plastic pollution Sophie, 15, was walking along the beach when she noticed some plastic. She picked it up and quickly realised that there were hundreds of tiny pieces of plastic, so many that it would be impossible for her to pick them all up. About eight million tons of plastic waste is thrown into the ocean every year and it can take hundreds of years to break down. Millions of ocean animals and birds die every year because of this plastic waste. Tiny pieces of plastic increase risk more than large ones because they are so small and harder to clean up, and a lot of people aren't aware of how harmful they can be. Sophie decided to do something about it. She wanted to use an ROV, a remotely-operated vehicle, to find the hidden microplastic at the bottom of the ocean and find the plastic. Its camera has three kinds of light that can make plastic stand out from the sand and plant life. The ROV also locates plastic by their unnatural colours and shapes. It then sends the information back to the computer. "She has a very good engineering sense to break down a problem like this and then go after it," says an expert. "It sounds simple, but it's a level of thinking that's really amazing." Sophie started attending public events and workshops at university when she was little, and so she picked up the engineering skills necessary to build her robot. She says getting her robot to actually move through water was not easy. She failed many times, but she never gave up trying and testing. "I live right next to the ocean and so from a very young age I've always had connection with the ocean," she says. "So my love for the beach and my passion for the environment just grew and blossomed." Although plastic pollution seems like a big problem, Sophie believes everyone can make a difference in their own way to help solve it. We can spread the word about the problem, clean up a beach or park, or do science projects. Every little thing helps. 翻译： 一个青少年对塑料污染的解决方案 15岁的索菲在海滩散步时注意到一些塑料。她捡起来，很快意识到有数百个微小的塑料碎片，多到她根本不可能全部捡完。 每年约有八百万吨塑料垃圾被倒入海洋，需要数百年才能分解。每年有数百万海洋动物和鸟类因这些塑料垃圾而死亡。小塑料碎片比大塑料碎片风险更大，因为它们非常小，更难清理，而且很多人没有意识到它们有多大的危害。 索菲决定为此做些什么。她想使用无人遥控潜水器（ROV）来寻找隐藏在海底的微塑料。它的摄像头有三种光线，可以使塑料从沙子和植物中突显出来。ROV还能通过塑料不自然的颜色和形状来定位它们，然后将信息传回电脑。 一位专家说：“她有着非常好的工程思维，能够分解这样的问题然后去解决它。听起来简单，但那是非常了不起的思维水平。” 索菲从小就开始参加大学的公开活动和讲习班，因此她学会了建造机器人所需的工程技能。她说让她的机器人真正在水中移动并不容易。她失败了很多次，但从未放弃尝试和测试。 她说：“我就住在海边，所以从很小的时候起，我就一直与海洋有着联系。因此，我对海滩的热爱和对环境的热情不断增长。” 尽管塑料污染看起来是个大问题，索菲相信每个人都能够以自己的方式为解决问题贡献力量。我们可以传播有关这个问题的信息，清理海滩或公园，或者做科学项目。每一件小事都有帮助。 D1（第100页） 原文： Dear Mr Lin, I am Lu Yao, a student of Grade 9. Plastic waste is produced almost every day in our school. I have seen plastic bottles thrown on the playground several times. As you know, plastic waste is not only harmful to the environment, but also to our health. I am therefore writing to suggest actions to reduce plastic pollution at our school. I recommend that the school use recycled plastic for art projects. The school can also make it easier to recycle. For example, recycling bins can be placed in convenient locations, and clear signs can be put up to encourage the correct use of the bins. If the proposal could be carried out, our school could greatly reduce plastic waste. I hope my proposal will be taken. Yours sincerely, Lu Yao 翻译： 尊敬的林老师： 我是九年级学生陆瑶。我们学校几乎每天都会产生塑料垃圾。我多次看到塑料瓶被扔在操场上。您知道，塑料垃圾不仅对环境有害，对我们的健康也有害。因此，我写信是为了建议采取行动减少我们学校的塑料污染。 我建议学校将回收塑料用于艺术项目。学校也可以让回收变得更加方便。例如，可以在便利的位置放置回收箱，并张贴清晰的标识以鼓励正确使用回收箱。 如果这个建议能够实施，我们学校将能够大大减少塑料垃圾。希望我的建议能被采纳。 此致 敬礼！ 陆瑶 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $