Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain 词汇+音标+词义+例句+拓展+词汇巩固练习+翻译2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册 上海专用

**基本信息** 聚焦九年级Unit 7马克·吐温主题词汇，整合音标、词义、例句及拓展，通过词性转换、语法填空等多题型训练，强化语言应用能力与文学文化认知。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词汇表|19词|词汇音形义、搭配拓展|结合文学作品例句，强化语境记忆| |词组与搭配|10词组+10题|固定搭配、动词短语|融入文本情节，提升语用能力| |词性转换|30题|词形变化、语法规则|覆盖多词性，注重语法迁移应用| |语法填空|2篇|语法应用、语篇理解|以吐温生平为素材，考查综合语言运用| |翻译练习|10题|汉译英、词汇运用|紧扣单元主题，强化词汇在语境中的准确表达|

Unit 7 Reading Mark Twain 词汇+音标+词义+例句+拓展+词汇巩固练习+翻译（9年级上册最新沪教版上海专用） 一、核心词汇表（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 拓展） 1. associate ★音标：/əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：联系 ★例句：People often associate Mark Twain with his famous characters, Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. ★例句翻译：人们常常把马克·吐温与他著名的角色汤姆·索亚和哈克贝利·费恩联系在一起。 ★拓展：association (n. 联系；协会) → associated (adj. 相关的) associate with 与……联系；与……交往 最常用搭配 associate ... with ... 把……与……联系起来 动词短语 be associated with 与……有关联 被动语态 associate degree 副学士学位 名词短语 business associate 商业伙伴 名词短语 2. humour ★音标：/ˈhjuːmə(r)/ ★词性：n. ★词义：幽默；幽默感 ★例句：Mark Twain's humour made his stories both entertaining and thought-provoking. ★例句翻译：马克·吐温的幽默使他的故事既有趣又发人深省。 ★拓展：humorous (adj. 幽默的) → humorist (n. 幽默作家) sense of humour 幽默感 最常用搭配 black humour 黑色幽默 以严肃话题为题材的幽默 dry humour 冷幽默 不露声色的幽默 good humour 好心情；愉快的情绪 指情绪状态 ill humour 坏心情；脾气不好 与good humour相对 out of humour 心情不好 介词短语 in no humour for 没有心情做某事 3. fence ★音标：/fens/ ★词性：n. ★词义：栅栏；篱笆 ★例句：In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Tom tricked his friends into painting the fence for him. ★例句翻译：在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，汤姆骗朋友们帮他刷栅栏。 ★拓展：fencing (n. 击剑运动；栅栏材料) on the fence 持观望态度；犹豫不决 比喻用法，最常用 sit on the fence 持中立态度；骑墙 同on the fence over the fence 过分的；不合理的 澳大利亚/新西兰俚语 fence in 用栅栏围起来 动词短语 fence off 用栅栏隔开 动词短语 mend one's fences 修复关系；改善关系 比喻用法 fence with 与……击剑；与……争辩 动词 4. sink ★音标：/sɪŋk/ ★词性：v. ★词义：下沉；下陷 ★例句：The sun was sinking below the horizon as Huck and Jim floated down the river. ★例句翻译：当哈克和吉姆顺河漂流时，太阳正沉入地平线以下。 ★拓展：sink (n. 水槽) → 过去式/过去分词：sank/sunk 5. yard ★音标：/jɑːd/ ★词性：n. ★词义：码（长度单位，等于0.9144米） ★例句：The boat was only a few yards away from the shore when it hit a rock. ★例句翻译：船离岸边只有几码远时撞上了一块岩石。 ★拓展：yardstick (n. 码尺；衡量标准) 6. survey ★音标：/səˈveɪ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：查看；审视 ★例句：The old man surveyed the damage to his house after the storm. ★例句翻译：暴风雨过后，老人审视了房子的损坏情况。 ★拓展：survey (n. /ˈsɜːveɪ/ 调查) → surveyor (n. 测量员) 7. aloud ★音标：/əˈlaʊd/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：大声地 ★例句：Mark Twain enjoyed reading his stories aloud to his children before bed. ★例句翻译：马克·吐温喜欢在睡前大声给孩子们读他的故事。 ★拓展：loud (adj. 大声的) → loudly (adv. 大声地) 8. pity ★音标：/ˈpɪti/ ★词性：n. ★词义：遗憾；可惜 ★例句：What a pity that Twain did not live to see the publication of his complete works. ★例句翻译：真遗憾，吐温没能活着看到他的全集出版。 ★拓展：pitiful (adj. 可怜的) → take pity on (同情) What a pity! 真可惜！真遗憾！ 感叹句，最常用 It's a pity that... 很遗憾…… 后接从句 take pity on 同情；怜悯 后接人 have pity on 对……表示同情 同take pity on feel pity for 为……感到惋惜/同情 表达情感 out of pity 出于同情 介词短语 more's the pity 更为遗憾的是；太可惜了 口语表达 9. gentleman ★音标：/ˈdʒentlmən/ ★词性：n. ★词义：彬彬有礼的人；有教养的人 ★例句：Twain was known as a gentleman who treated everyone with respect. ★例句翻译：吐温被认为是一位彬彬有礼的绅士，他尊重每一个人。 ★拓展：gentle (adj. 温和的) → gentlemen (pl.) 10. concern ★音标：/kənˈsɜːn/ ★词性：n. ★词义：担心；忧虑 ★例句：Twain's stories often expressed deep concern for the poor and the oppressed. ★例句翻译：吐温的故事常常表达对穷人和受压迫者的深切担忧。 ★拓展：concerned (adj. 担忧的) → concerning (prep. 关于) concern about 对……担心/忧虑 后接名词或从句 concern over 对……的担忧 与about类似 concern for 对……的关心 表达关爱 be concerned about 担心；挂念 形容词短语 be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 表示关联 be concerned for 为……担心 同be concerned about as far as ... be concerned 就……而言 固定句型 show concern for 对……表示关心 动词短语 cause concern 引起担忧 动词短语 11. sort ★音标：/sɔːt/ ★词性：n. ★词义：种类；类别 ★例句：What sort of books did Mark Twain like to write? ★例句翻译：马克·吐温喜欢写哪种类型的书？ ★拓展：sort (v. 分类) → all sorts of (各种各样的) 12. spring ★音标：/sprɪŋ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：活力；朝气 ★例句：Even in his old age, Twain wrote with great spring and energy. ★例句翻译：即使在晚年，吐温写作时仍然充满活力和朝气。 ★拓展：spring (n. 春天；弹簧) → springy (adj. 有弹性的) 13. bet ★音标：/bet/ ★词性：n. ★词义：打赌 ★例句：He made a bet with his friend that he could finish the novel in one week. ★例句翻译：他和朋友打赌自己能在一周内读完这本小说。 ★拓展：bet (v. 打赌) → 过去式/过去分词：bet 14. afterwards ★音标：/ˈɑːftəwədz/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：后来 ★例句：Afterwards, Twain became one of the most famous writers in America. ★例句翻译：后来，吐温成为美国最著名的作家之一。 ★拓展：after (prep. 在……之后) → afterward (美式拼写) 15. brief ★音标：/briːf/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：简洁的；简单的 ★例句：He gave a brief speech at the dinner party that made everyone laugh. ★例句翻译：他在晚宴上做了一个简洁的演讲，把大家都逗笑了。 ★拓展：briefly (adv. 简洁地) → brief (n. 摘要) 16. journalist ★音标：/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ ★词性：n. ★词义：新闻记者 ★例句：Before becoming a famous writer, Twain worked as a journalist for several newspapers. ★例句翻译：在成为著名作家之前，吐温曾在几家报社做新闻记者。 ★拓展：journal (n. 日志；刊物) → journalism (n. 新闻业) 17. pilot ★音标：/ˈpaɪlət/ ★词性：n. ★词义：领航员；引水员 ★例句：Twain dreamed of becoming a river pilot on the Mississippi when he was young. ★例句翻译：吐温年轻时梦想成为密西西比河上的领航员。 ★拓展：pilot (v. 驾驶；引导) 18. failure ★音标：/ˈfeɪljə(r)/ ★词性：n. ★词义：失败 ★例句：Twain experienced many failures in business before achieving literary success. ★例句翻译：吐温在取得文学成功之前，在商业上经历了许多失败。 ★拓展：fail (v. 失败) → failing (n. 缺点) 19. regard ★音标：/rɪˈɡɑːd/ ★词性：v. ★词义：把……视为；看待 ★例句：Many people regard Mark Twain as the father of American literature. ★例句翻译：许多人把马克·吐温视为美国文学之父。 ★拓展：regarding (prep. 关于) → regardless (adv. 不顾) regard ... as ... 把……视为…… 最常用搭配 be regarded as 被认为是…… 被动语态 as regards 关于；至于 正式用语 in this regard 在这方面 正式用语 in regard to 关于；至于 正式用语 with regard to 关于；至于 正式用语 without regard to 不顾；不考虑 正式用语 pay regard to 重视；注意到 动词短语 have regard for 尊重；考虑到 动词短语 best regards 诚挚的问候 二、词组与搭配 Unit 7 词组详解（含词义与例句） 核心词组列表 1. first-person point of view ★词义：第一人称视角 ★例句：Mark Twain often wrote his stories from a first-person point of view to make readers feel more connected to the characters. ★例句翻译：马克·吐温经常以第一人称视角写故事，让读者感觉与角色更有联系。 2. pick up ★词义：捡起；重新开始 ★例句：After a long illness, Twain slowly picked up his writing career again. ★例句翻译：经过一场大病后，吐温慢慢重新开始了他的写作生涯。 3. carry on with something ★词义：继续做某事；坚持干某事 ★例句：Despite many difficulties, he decided to carry on with his dream of becoming a writer. ★例句翻译：尽管困难重重，他还是决定坚持自己成为作家的梦想。 4. go on ★词义：继续下去；持续 ★例句：The meeting seemed to go on for hours, but no one complained. ★例句翻译：会议似乎持续了好几个小时，但没有人抱怨。 5. be particular about ★词义：讲究；挑剔 ★例句：Twain was very particular about the words he chose for his stories. ★例句翻译：吐温对故事中选用的词语非常讲究。 6. get tired ★词义：变得疲倦 ★例句：If you get tired while reading, take a short break and then continue. ★例句翻译：如果你读书时感到疲倦，就休息一会儿，然后再继续。 7. with a spring in one's step ★词义：迈着轻快的步伐 ★例句：After receiving good news about his book, he walked home with a spring in his step. ★例句翻译：收到关于他书的好消息后，他迈着轻快的步伐走回家。 8. public speaker ★词义：发言人；演讲者 ★例句：Mark Twain was not only a great writer but also an excellent public speaker. ★例句翻译：马克·吐温不仅是一位伟大的作家，也是一位出色的演说家。 9. make a fortune ★词义：发财；赚大钱 ★例句：Some writers make a fortune from their books, but Twain valued literary success more than money. ★例句翻译：有些作家靠书赚了大钱，但吐温更看重文学上的成功而非金钱。 10. pay ... back ★词义：（向某人）还钱 ★例句：He promised to pay back the money he borrowed from his friend as soon as possible. ★例句翻译：他承诺会尽快把从朋友那里借的钱还回去。 专项练习（10题） 用所给词组的适当形式填空。 1. The story is told from a ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 2. After the vacation, she ________ ________ her daily exercise routine. 3. Even when things get difficult, you should ________ ________ ________ your goals. 4. The noise seemed to ________ ________ for hours. 5. She is very ________ ________ the quality of the food she eats. 6. If you ________ ________ during the long walk, we can stop and rest. 7. He entered the room ________ ________ ________ ________ his ________. 8. He is a talented ________ ________ who can move audiences with his words. 9. Many people dream of ________ ________ ________ through hard work. 10. He borrowed $100 from me and promised to ________ it ________ next week. 参考答案： 1. first-person point of view 2. picked up 3. carry on with 4. go on 5. particular about 6. get tired 7. with a spring in, step 8. public speaker 9. making a fortune 10. pay, back 词性转换专项训练（30题） 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. People often ________ (associate) Mark Twain with humor and wit. 2. The ________ (humour) story made everyone in the room laugh. 3. They built a wooden ________ (fence) around their yard to keep the animals out. 4. The ship slowly ________ (sink) into the deep water. 5. The garden is only a few ________ (yard) wide. 6. He ________ (survey) the room carefully before choosing a seat. 7. She read the letter ________ (aloud) so that everyone could hear. 8. It's a ________ (pity) that you missed the lecture on Mark Twain. 9. He behaved like a true ________ (gentleman) in every situation. 10. The mother showed great ________ (concern) for her sick child. 11. All ________ (sort) of books are available in the library. 12. After a good rest, he felt full of ________ (spring) again. 13. He lost the ________ (bet) because he didn't study hard. 14. We went to the cinema and ________ (afterward) had dinner together. 15. The teacher gave a ________ (brief) explanation of the homework. 16. She works as a ________ (journal) for a local newspaper. 17. The ________ (pilot) skillfully guided the ship through the narrow channel. 18. Failure is not the end; it's a chance ________ (learn) and grow. 19. He ________ (regard) as one of the greatest writers of his time. 20. The story is told from the ________ (one) person point of view. 21. She ________ (pick) up the book and began to read. 22. He decided to carry on ________ (work) despite the difficulties. 23. The meeting ________ (go) on for three hours without a break. 24. She is very particular ________ the food she eats. 25. If you get ________ (tire), take a short break. 26. He walked into the room ________ a spring in his step. 27. He is an excellent public ________ (speak) who can move audiences to tears. 28. He dreamed of ________ (make) a fortune through his writing. 29. He promised ________ (pay) back the money he borrowed. 30. He is a famous ________ (novel) who has written many bestsellers. 参考答案： 1. associate 2. humorous 3. fence 4. sank 5. yards 6. surveyed 7. aloud 8. pity 9. gentleman 10. concern 11. sorts 12. spring 13. bet 14. afterwards 15. brief 16. journalist 17. pilot 18. to learn 19. is regarded 20. first 21. picked 22. working 23. went 24. about 25. tired 26. with 27. speaker 28. making 29. to pay 30. novelist 语法填空（2篇） Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mark Twain, one of America's greatest writers, is often 1. ________ (associate) with the Mississippi River. Before becoming a famous author, he worked 2. ________ a river pilot. This experience gave him a deep understanding of river life, 3. ________ later appeared in many of his stories. Twain wrote his stories 4. ________ (large) from a 5. ________ (one) person point of view. This made readers feel as if they were experiencing the adventures 6. ________ (they). His unique 7. ________ (humour) and sharp observations of human nature won the hearts of millions. 8. ________ a pity that Twain experienced many business failures during his lifetime! However, he never gave up. He always managed 9. ________ (find) humor in difficult situations. 10. ________ (afterward), he would turn these experiences into wonderful stories that continue to inspire readers today. 参考答案： 1. associated 2. as 3. which 4. largely 5. first 6. themselves 7. humour 8. What 9. to find 10. Afterwards Passage 2 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A young journalist once asked an old gentleman, "What 1. ________ (sort) of advice would you give to someone who wants to become a writer?" The old man 2. ________ (survey) the room thoughtfully, then replied, "Read 3. ________ (aloud) every day. It helps you hear the rhythm of words. And don't 4. ________ too particular about perfection at the beginning. Just 5. ________ (pick) up your pen and start writing." He continued, "You may experience 6. ________ (fail) along the way. But 7. ________ (regard) each failure as a lesson. If you get 8. ________ (tire), take a short walk. When you return, you will walk 9. ________ a spring in your step. 10. ________ (carry) on with your writing, and one day, you may make a fortune with your words." 参考答案： 1. sort 2. surveyed 3. aloud 4. be 5. pick 6. failure/failures 7. regard 8. tired 9. with 10. Carry 翻译练习（中译英，共10题） 根据所给中文，完成英文句子。 1. 人们常常把马克·吐温与他著名的角色汤姆·索亚联系在一起。 People often ________ Mark Twain ________ his famous characters, Tom Sawyer. 2. 马克·吐温的幽默使他的故事既有趣又发人深省。 Mark Twain's ________ made his stories both entertaining and thought-provoking. 3. 在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，汤姆骗朋友们帮他刷栅栏。 In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Tom tricked his friends into painting the ________ for him. 4. 吐温的故事常常表达对穷人和受压迫者的深切担忧。 Twain's stories often expressed deep ________ for the poor and the oppressed. 5. 许多人在一定程度上同意他关于人性的看法。 Many people agree ________ him ________ a certain degree about human nature. 6. 吐温在取得文学成功之前，在商业上经历了许多失败。 Twain experienced many ________ in business before achieving literary success. 7. 许多人把马克·吐温视为美国文学之父。 Many people ________ Mark Twain ________ the father of American literature. 8. 他承诺会把从朋友那里借的钱还回去。 He promised to ________ ________ the money he borrowed from his friend. 9. 即使感到疲倦，他仍然坚持写作。 Even when he ________ ________, he still carried on with his writing. 10. 他走进房间，步伐轻快。 He walked into the room ________ ________ ________ ________ his step. 参考答案： 1. associate, with 2. humour 3. fence 4. concern 5. with, to 6. failures 7. regard, as 8. pay back 9. got tired 10. with a spring in 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $