期末基础知识复习练习题2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册期末基础知识复习练习题，通过词汇、语法、情景应用等多题型巩固语言基础，注重语境化表达与跨文化意识培养，适配期末复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |词汇互译|40题|名词（如success）、形容词（如brave）、跨文化词汇（如custom）|双向互译强化词汇应用，涵盖情感与文化主题| |情景运用|9题|图片描述、日常对话、急救建议|结合图片创设真实情境，考查语言即时运用能力| |完形填空|10题|动词（如join）、形容词（如outgoing）、语篇逻辑|以志愿者经历为素材，渗透社会责任感与思维品质| |语法选择|10题|介词（for）、情态动词（could）、非谓语动词|联系自然灾难话题，体现语言学习与现实问题解决的关联|

2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册期末基础知识复习练习题 一、词汇互译： 1．n. 成功 21．talent ___ 2．n. 失败 22．madam ___ 3．n. 经验；经历 23．advertisement ___ 4．n. 教训；经验教训 24．quality ___ 5．n. 支持；帮助 25．expression ___ 6．n. 鼓励 26．custom ___ 7．n. 梦想；理想 27．occasion ___ 8．adj. 年轻的；年幼的 28．nicely ___ 9．adj. 成熟的；稳重的 29．blouse ___ 10．adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30．private ___ 11．adj. 耐心的 31．preparation ___ 12．adj. 坚强的；坚定的 32．interview ___ 13．adj. 困难的；艰难的 33．temper ___ 14．adv. 逐渐地；慢慢地 34．accident ___ 15．adv. 努力地 35．cover ___ 16．adv. 最终；终于 36．neighbourhood ___ 17．conj. 虽然；尽管 37．uncommon ___ 18．n. 父母 （复数） 38．shake ___ 19．adj. 尴尬的 39．sign-off ___ 20．adj. 困惑的 40．manner ___ 【答案】 1．success 2．failure 3．experience 4．lesson 5．support 6．encouragement 7．dream 8．young 9．mature 10．brave 11．patient 12．strong 13．difficult 14．gradually 15．hard 16．finally 17．though/although 18．parents 19．embarrassed 20．confused 21．n.才能；天赋 22．n.女士；夫人 23．n.广告；启事 24．n. 品质；质量 25．n.表达；表情 26．n. 习俗 27．n. 场合；重大活动 28．adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地 29．n. (女式) 衬衫或短上衣 30．adj. 不喜欢讨论私事的；私人的 31．n. 准备；预备 32．n. & v. 面试；采访 33．n. 脾气；怒气 34．n. 事故 35．v. 覆盖 36．n. 街区 37．adj. 罕见的，不寻常的 38．v. 与(某人)握手，摇动 n. 摇动；奶昔 39．n.结束语；收尾 40．n.方法；礼仪 二、词组互译： 41．(对……)有影响 61．募集捐赠物 42．跟着来；赶快 62．充分利用…… 43．分担工作；帮忙做 63．参加采访/面试 44．报名 64．保持活力 45．自从 65．参军 46．最主要的是 66．穷人/富人/年轻人/残疾人 ________ 47．在忙碌中 67．给人们提供食物（两种）________ 48．需要帮助的人 68．提供医疗救助 49．分发 69．寻找失踪的人 50．熟悉；通晓 70．积极参加 51．零花钱 71．为最坏的情况做准备 52．打扫体育馆/公园/社区/教室 ______ 72．实用的救生技能 ________ 53．引导游客 73．……的关键 54．看望老人 74．团队合作的力量 55．指路 75．普通人 56．植树 76．在某人年轻时 57．分类废品 77．跨文化交流 58．训练动物 78．小学 59．清理笼子 79．在某方面有天赋 60．照顾生病的动物 80．自然灾害 【答案】41．make a difference to 42．come along 43．help out 44．sign up 45．ever since 46．most of all 47．on the go 48．people in need 49．hand out 50．be familiar with 51．pocket money 52．clean up the stadium/park/community/classroom 53．guide visitors 54．visit the elderly 55．give directions 56．plant trees 57．sort waste 58．train animals 59．clean cages 60．take care of sick animals 61．collect donations 62．make full use of 63．attend an interview 64．stay active 65．join the army 66．the poor/the rich/the young/the disabled 67．provide food for people/provide people with food 68．provide medical aid 69．search for missing people 70．take an active part in 71．prepare for the worst 72．practical life-saving skills 73．the key to... 74．the power of teamwork 75．ordinary people 76．in one’s youth 77．cross-cultural communication 78．primary school 79．be talented in 80．natural disaster 三、翻译： 81．我正盼望着早日见到你。（look forward to） 【答案】I’m looking forward to seeing you soon. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，该句为现在进行时。“盼望做某事”用固定结构look forward to doing sth.，其中to是介词，后接动名词；“正盼望着”体现现在进行时，结构为be + 现在分词，主语是I，be动词用am，look的现在分词是looking；“见到你”译为seeing you；“早日”译为soon。故填I’m looking forward to seeing you soon。 82．It’s important to learn about different cultures when traveling abroad. 【答案】出国旅行时了解不同的文化是很重要的。 【详解】“It’s important to learn about different cultures when traveling abroad.”译为“出国旅行时了解不同的文化是很重要的”。其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to learn about different cultures；important意为“重要的”，作表语；when traveling abroad是“when+现在分词”结构，作时间状语。 83．这道数学题对我来说看起来很难解出来，但我会尽最大努力。(用too...to翻译) 【答案】The math problem looks too hard for me to work out, but I will try my best. 【详解】“这道数学题对我来说看起来很难解出来，但我会尽最大努力”译为“The math problem looks too hard for me to work out, but I will try my best”。“这道数学题”英文为The math problem，作主语；“看起来”英文为looks，作系动词，为一般现在时，第三人称单数形式；“很难”英文为hard，作表语；“对我来说”英文为for me，作状语；“解出来”英文为to work out，作不定式，与“too hard”构成“too...to...”结构；“但”英文为but，作连词，连接两个并列分句，表转折；“我会尽最大努力”英文为I will try my best，是一般将来时。 84．这是因为人类的好奇心与野心永无止境。 【答案】This is because human curiosity and ambition are endless. 【详解】“这是因为人类的好奇心与野心永无止境”译为“This is because human curiosity and ambition are endless”。This“这”，作主语；is系动词；because引导表语从句；human curiosity and ambition“人类的好奇心与野心”，作从句主语；are“是”，系动词；endless“无止境的”，作表语。 85．尽管他筋疲力尽，他仍设法把一只手从绳子里抽出来。 【答案】Although he was tired out, he still managed to pull one hand out of the ropes. 【详解】“尽管他筋疲力尽，他仍设法把一只手从绳子里抽出来。”译为“Although he was tired out, he still managed to pull one hand out of the ropes.”，“尽管”常见的表达有although，though，even though等，这里选用although引导让步状语从句，Although he was tired out，其中tired out是固定短语，意为“筋疲力尽”，用来描述“他”的状态。 “设法做某事”常用“manage to do sth.”结构，所以“仍设法”翻译为still managed to。 “把一只手从……中抽出来”用pull one hand out of... 来表达，pull one hand out of the ropes即“把一只手从绳子里抽出来”。 四、单项选择题： 86．Please put a tick next to the ________ answer and a cross next to the wrong one. A．correct B．incorrect C．false D．rude 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请在正确的答案旁边打钩，在错误的答案旁边打叉。 correct正确的；incorrect不正确的；false错误的；rude粗鲁的。空格后and a cross next to the wrong one提示，前后句意形成对比，打钩对应正确的答案，打叉对应错误的答案。 87．Have you ________ learned about the customs of Indian people? A．ever B．already C．just D．yet 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你曾经了解过印度人的风俗习惯吗？ ever曾经；already已经；just刚刚；yet还，已经。根据Have you...learned about the customs of Indian people?”可知，句子是现在完成时的一般疑问句，询问是否曾经有过某种经历，且空位于助动词和过去分词之间，yet通常用于句末，故应用ever。 88．Before the concert started, the host gave a(n) ________ of the pianist, telling the audience (观众) about his life and achievements. A．expression B．prediction C．resolution D．introduction 【答案】D 【详解】句意：音乐会开始前，主持人对钢琴家进行了介绍，告诉观众关于他的生活和成就。 expression表达；prediction预测；resolution决心；introduction介绍。根据telling the audience about his life and achievements可知，主持人在讲述钢琴家的生平和成就，这属于介绍环节，应填introduction。 89．The boy ________ to run away when he saw the dog, but he stopped. A．dared B．needed C．dared not D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个男孩在看到那条狗时本想（敢于）逃跑，但随后停住了脚步。 考查动词用法。dared敢；needed需要；dared not不敢；should应该。dared可作实义动词，用法为dare to do sth.，表示“敢于做某事”；dare作情态动词时后接动词原形；根据to run away的结构和语境，此处dare是实义动词，用dared to do sth.符合句子语法和语义。故选A。 90．My dad told me ________ myself too hard, or I would feel tired. A．not push B．to not push C．not to push D．don’t push 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸告诉我不要逼自己太紧，否则我会感到疲劳。 tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not，即not to do。 91．—Jenny feels bored. She doesn’t have ________ to play with at home. —Why not get her a pet dog? A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——珍妮感到无聊。她在家没有任何人一起玩。——为什么不给她买一只宠物狗呢？ 考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；somebody某人。根据前句She doesn’t have...可知，该句为否定句，表示没有任何人一起玩，在否定句中表示“任何人”应用anybody。故选B。 92．— ________ I use your dictionary? — Sure, here you are. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以用一下你的词典吗？——当然，给你。 考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Should应该；Could可以（表示请求）；Need需要。根据答语Sure, here you are.可知，此处是礼貌地请求许可，用Could表示委婉语气。故选C。 93．________ beautiful Mount Huang is! I hope to visit it one day. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：黄山多么美啊！我希望有一天能去参观它。 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处为感叹句，根据...beautiful Mount Huang is!可知，此处符合“How+adj.+主语+谓语！”结构，应用how引导感叹句。故选B。 94．—How can we make progress? —We need to be ________ and solve problems on our own. A．independent B．conscious C．various D．supportive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们如何取得进步？——我们需要独立，自己解决问题。 independent独立的；conscious有意识的；various各种各样的；supportive支持的。根据后句solve problems on our own可知，自己解决问题需要“独立”，应填independent。 95．You shouldn’t arrive early to a French party ________ the host may still be preparing. A．because B．unless C．so that D．as soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不应该早到法国派对，因为主人可能还在准备。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；so that以便；as soon as一……就……。根据You shouldn’t arrive early to a French party ... the host may still be preparing.可知，后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 96．He has been ill ________ three days. A．for B．since C．in D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他已经生病三天了。 for后接时间段，表示动作持续的时长；since后接时间点，表示动作开始的时间；in后接时间段，多用于将来时或过去时；on后接具体日期。句中three days是时间段，此处应使用for来表示生病状态持续的时长，应填for。 97．—Have you ever ________ the famous writer Mo Yan? —Yes, he is a Nobel Prize winner. A．heard B．heard from C．heard of D．listened 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你曾经听说过著名作家莫言吗？ ——是的，他是诺贝尔奖得主。 heard听到；heard from收到……的来信/消息；heard of听说，听说过；listened听（强调动作）。根据答句Yes, he is a Nobel Prize winner可知，此句问的是“你曾经听说过著名作家莫言吗”，heard of符合。 98．—Did Mrs. Green call you yesterday? —Yes. I was about _______ for dinner when the telephone rang. A．eat out B．eating out C．to eat out D．to eating out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——格林夫人昨天给你打电话了吗？——是的。电话响的时候我正要出去吃饭。 考查be about to用法。根据—Did Mrs. Green call you yesterday?  —Yes. I was about…for dinner when the telephone rang.可知，这里是be about to do sth意为“正要做某事”，后接动词原形。eat out意为“出去吃饭”。故选C。 99．The little girl ________ her mother’s hand tightly when she went into the strange room for the first time. A．held B．took C．caught D．pulled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当小女孩第一次走进那个陌生的房间时，她紧紧地握住母亲的手。 held握住；took拿；caught抓住；pulled拉。根据when she went into the strange room for the first time以及tightly可知，小女孩因环境陌生感到紧张，所以紧紧“握住”母亲的手寻求安全感，hold one’s hand为常用搭配，应选A。 100．They built a small bridge ________ bit by bit to cross the rushing river. A．step B．steps C．stepping D．to step 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们建了一座小桥，一步一步地踏着它，来穿过那条湍急的河流。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子中已经有谓语动词built，此处需用非谓语动词作方式状语，排除A选项 (动词原形) 和B选项 (动词三单形式) ，D选项to step通常用来表示目的，此处不表示目的；句中，stepping bit by bit生动地描绘了过河时小心翼翼、一步一步前进的画面，是“过河”这个目的的具体实现方式。故选C。 五、情景运用题： 101．climb, yesterday 102．than 103．put, bread 104．if, go, fun 105． A:What’s wrong with Mrs An?      B: 106． A:What should Sam do?     B:____________________ to check if he has a fever. 107． A: My nose is bleeding. What should I do, Mum? B: 108． A:    B:I think it’s because I drank so many soft drinks yesterday. 109． A:What should Tom do, doctor?     B: 【答案】101．He climbed the mountain yesterday. 102．Tina runs faster than Mike./Mike runs slower than Tina. 103．Put some butter on a piece of bread. 104．If you go to the party, you’ll have fun. 105．She has a sore throat. 106．He should take his temperature. 107．You should pinch your nose. 108．Why do you have a stomachache? 109．He should have an X-ray. 【解析】101．根据图片和climb, yesterday可知，此处可表达为“他昨天去爬山了”，句子时态为一般过去时态；主语是He；谓语为climbed；宾语为the mountain；yesterday作时间状语，放在句末。故填He climbed the mountain yesterday. 102．根据图片和than可知，此处可表达为“蒂娜比迈克跑得更快/迈克比蒂娜跑得更慢”，句子时态为一般现在时态；主语是Tina/Mike；谓语为run的三单形式runs；宾语为Mike/Tina，状语为faster/slower ；than为介词。故填Tina runs faster than Mike./Mike runs slower than Tina. 103．根据图片和put, bread可知，此处可表达为“把黄油放在面包上”，句子为祈使句，动词原形开头；谓语为put，句首首字母需大写；宾语为some butter；on a piece of bread作地点状语，放在句末。故填Put some butter on a piece of bread. 104．根据图片和if, go, fun可知，此处可表达为“如果你去参加聚会，你会很开心的”，句子时态遵循“主将从现”原则；主句中，主语是you；谓语为will have；宾语为fun；条件状语从句中，if为引导词，主语为you，谓语为go，宾语为the party。故填If you go to the party, you’ll have fun. 105．问句What’s wrong with Mrs An?（安夫人怎么了？）可知，答句应描述她的身体不适症状。第一张照片提示话题为“嗓子不舒服”，因此可填She has a sore throat. 106．问句What should Sam do?（萨姆应该做什么？）和答句中的to check if he has a fever（检查他是否发烧），可知空格处应填一个建议性动作，常用结构为“He should + 动词原形”，因此可填He should take his temperature. 107．问句My nose is bleeding. What should I do, Mum?（我流鼻血了，妈妈，我该怎么办？）可知，答句应是母亲给出的应对建议。照片提示为“捏住鼻子”，因此可填You should pinch your nose. 108．答句I think it’s because I drank so many soft drinks yesterday.（我想是因为我昨天喝了太多软饮料。）可知，答句解释了胃痛的原因，因此问句应询问胃部不适的原因，可填Why do you have a stomachache? 109．问句What should Tom do, doctor?（汤姆应该做什么，医生？）可知，答句应是医生给出的建议，常用“He should + 动词原形”结构。图片提示为“拍X光”这一常见医疗检查，可用have an X-ray表达，因此可填He should have an X-ray. 六、完形填空： Summer vacation is usually a great time for students to relax. 110 , some students give up their relaxing time to volunteer. Sandy, a 15-year-old girl, 111 summer vacations because she has more time for volunteering. Sandy used to be 112 and seldom talked to people. That changed during last summer vacation. She saw a group of volunteers picking up rubbish in the street. Moved by their action, she walked up and asked if she could 113 them. They agreed. From that day on, Sandy’s summer vacation became very 114 . From Mondays to Fridays, she taught kids English. From Saturdays to Sundays, she helped to pick up rubbish and visited the elderly. She also 115 money for homeless people by holding charity activities. She was a little tired, but she was very 116 . She has made a lot of friends and become outgoing since then. For Sandy, visiting the elderly is one of the most 117 things. “I help them clean rooms, cut their hair, or just listen to their stories. Although these are small 118 , they make me feel more confident,” Sandy says. “I will keep volunteering all my life—because helping others also helps me 119 .” 110．A．Then B．Instead C．So D．However 111．A．loves B．wastes C．forgets D．marks 112．A．lazy B．honest C．shy D．popular 113．A．meet B．join C．invite D．save 114．A．boring B．relaxing C．busy D．long 115．A．raised B．lent C．spent D．managed 116．A．confused B．worried C．happy D．careful 117．A．sudden B．difficult C．hurtful D．meaningful 118．A．mistakes B．acts C．lessons D．secrets 119．A．grow B．win C．think D．research 【答案】 110．D 111．A 112．C 113．B 114．C 115．A 116．C 117．D 118．B 119．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁女孩桑迪暑假期间放弃休息时间做志愿者的故事。她曾是一个害羞的女孩，通过参与志愿活动，她变得外向，结交了很多朋友，并且认为帮助别人也帮助了自己成长。 110．句意：然而，一些学生放弃了放松的时间去做志愿者。 Then然后；Instead相反；So所以；However然而。根据Summer vacation is usually a great time for students to relax和some students give up their relaxing time to volunteer可知，前后句为转折关系，用however连接。故选D。 111．句意：桑迪，一个15岁的女孩，喜欢暑假，因为她有更多的时间做志愿者。 loves喜欢；wastes浪费；forgets忘记；marks标记。根据because she has more time for volunteering可知，桑迪喜欢暑假是因为有更多时间做志愿者。故选A。 112．句意：桑迪过去很害羞，很少和人说话。 lazy懒惰的；honest诚实的；shy害羞的；popular受欢迎的。根据seldom talked to people可知，桑迪过去很害羞。故选C。 113．句意：被他们的行为感动，她走上前问是否可以加入他们。 meet遇见；join加入；invite邀请；save拯救。根据They agreed可知，桑迪询问是否可以加入他们。故选B。 114．句意：从那天起，桑迪的暑假变得非常忙碌。 boring无聊的；relaxing放松的；busy忙碌的；long长的。根据From Mondays to Fridays, she taught kids English. From Saturdays to Sundays, she helped to pick up rubbish and visited the elderly可知，桑迪的暑假变得忙碌。故选C。 115．句意：她还通过举办慈善活动为无家可归的人筹集资金。 raised筹集；lent借出；spent花费；managed管理。根据money for homeless people by holding charity activities可知，此处指筹集资金。故选A。 116．句意：她有点累，但她很高兴。 confused困惑的；worried担心的；happy开心的；careful小心的。根据She has made a lot of friends and become outgoing since then可知，她很高兴。故选C。 117．句意：对桑迪来说，看望老人是最有意义的事情之一。 sudden突然的；difficult困难的；hurtful有害的；meaningful有意义的。根I help them clean rooms, cut their hair, or just listen to their stories可知，看望老人是有意义的事情。故选D。 118．句意：虽然这些都是小事，但它们让我更加自信。 mistakes错误；acts行为；lessons课程；secrets秘密。根据Although these are small可知，此处指这些行为。故选B。 119．句意：我会一辈子坚持做志愿者，因为帮助别人也帮助我成长。 grow成长；win赢得；think思考；research研究。根据I will keep volunteering all my life可知，帮助别人也帮助自己成长。故选A。 七、任务型阅读： Many people enjoy reading books about travelling. 120 And some people like adventures. Here are some great books about travelling. The first one is Travels of Xu Xiake and it was created by a Chinese man. The writer of this book is Xu Xiake and he enjoyed travelling very much. In his life, he travelled to many different places. And he wrote many of his experiences in Travels of Xu Xiake. 121 It is a very helpful book for people to study Chinese geography, language, and other things. The second one is On the Road and its writer is Jack Kerouac. Jack wrote this book in April, 1951. Sal is the main character of this book. 122 And finally, they get to Mexico. They talk a lot and do some exciting and dangerous things on the way. The third one is Around the World in Eighty Days. The famous French writer whose name is Jules Gabriel Verne wrote this book in 1872. In the book, Fogg who is an English man bets (用……打赌) with his friends. He thinks he can travel around the world in eighty days. 123 Finally, he gets back to London successfully. 124 Which one is your favourite one? Can you share it with us? 选项： A．There are other travelling books in the world. B．Fogg is the main character of the book On the Road. C．This book records Xu Xiake’s trips from 1613 to 1639. D．Sal travels across many regions with other young people. E．Some people want to know interesting stories during trips. F．Then Fogg starts his adventure trip and visits many places. 【答案】120．E 121．C 122．D 123．F 124．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几本关于旅行的书籍，包括《徐霞客游记》《在路上》和《八十天环游地球》，并简要阐述了这些书的内容及特点。 【详解】120．根据上文Many people enjoy reading books about travelling.以及下文And some people like adventures.可知，此处应阐述人们喜欢旅行类书籍的原因，E选项Some people want to know interesting stories during trips.（有些人想在旅行中了解有趣的故事）符合语境，承上启下。 121．上文介绍了《徐霞客游记》的作者徐霞客以及他的旅行经历，下文提到这本书对研究中国地理、语言等很有帮助，C选项“这本书记录了徐霞客从1613年到1639年的旅行”，进一步介绍了这本书的内容，符合语境。 122．上文提到《在路上》的主角是Sal，下文说Finally, they get to Mexico，D选项“Sal和其他年轻人一起游历了许多地区”，承接上文对主角的介绍，引出下文的旅行结果，符合语境。 123．上文提到Fogg和朋友打赌能在八十天内环游世界，下文说Finally, he gets back to London successfully，F选项“然后Fogg开始了他的冒险之旅，参观了许多地方”，承接上文的打赌，引出下文的旅行结果，符合语境。 124．上文介绍了三本旅行类书籍，下文问Which one is your favourite one，A选项“世界上还有其他旅行类书籍”，起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对读者最喜欢哪本书的提问，符合语境。 八、语法选择： Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 125 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 126 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 127 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 128 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 129 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 130 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 131 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 132 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 133 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 134 temper. 125．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 126．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 127．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 128．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 129．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 130．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 131．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 132．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 133．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 134．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural 【答案】 125．B 126．A 127．A 128．A 129．B 130．B 131．A 132．A 133．B 134．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了面对不可预测的自然灾害，人类可以通过学习灾害知识、关注预警、制定应急计划、互助合作以及保持冷静等方式，来降低风险、更好地保护自己，并强调在尊重自然、保护环境的前提下，人类能够与自然和谐共处。 125．句意：我们应该了解它们的特征、预警信号以及保护措施。 protect保护，动词；protective保护的，形容词；protection保护，名词；protected受保护的，形容词/过去分词。根据“their characteristics, warning signs, and...measures可知，空处与前面两个名词并列，应选择形容词protective作定语，修饰measures，构成名词短语protective measures“防护措施”。故选B。 126．句意：例如，在台风来临前，我们需要关好窗户，储存足够的食物和水，并远离低洼地区。 stay away远离；stay up熬夜；stay on继续停留；stay in待在家里。根据from low-lying areas可知，台风天应“远离”低洼地带。故选A。 127．句意：气象部门使用先进设备监测天气变化并及时发出警告。 send out发出；take out取出；put out扑灭；look out小心。根据warnings可知，气象部门会“发出”预警。故选A。 128．句意：我们应该定期查看天气预报，特别是在自然灾害常见的季节，比如夏秋季节的台风。 common常见的，形容词；commonly常见地，副词；unusual不寻常的；unusually不寻常地。根据such as summer and autumn for typhoons可知，这些季节台风是“常见的”。空处修饰名词seasons，需用形容词common。故选A。 129．句意：定期演练计划也很重要，这样每个人都知道在紧急情况下该做什么。 regular定期的，形容词；regularly定期地，副词；irregular不规则的；irregularly不规则地。根据practice the plan...so that everyone knows what to do可知，空处修饰动词practice，需用副词regularly。故选B。 130．句意：这不仅帮助了需要帮助的人，也强化了团结精神。 strengthen强化，原形；strengthens强化，三单；strengthened强化，过去式；strengthening强化，现在分词。主语This指代前文互助的行为，为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词需用三单形式strengthens。故选B。 131．句意：这就是为什么保持冷静并遵循救援人员的指示很重要。 calm冷静的，形容词；calmly冷静地，副词；nervous紧张的；nervously紧张地。根据stay可知，是“stay + 形容词”结构，表示保持某种状态，应用形容词calm。故选A。 132．句意：只要我们不断提高我们的知识和技能，我们在应对未来的自然灾害时会更有信心。 If如果；Unless除非；Though尽管；Because因为。根据we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident...可知，前后句为条件关系，应用If引导条件状语从句。故选A。 133．句意：记住，大自然是强大的，但人类也是强大的。 power力量，名词；powerful强大的，形容词；powerless无力的，形容词；powerfully强大地，副词。根据nature is powerful, but human beings are...的并列对比结构可知，人类也是“强大的”，应用形容词powerful。故选B。 134．句意：只要我们尊重自然、保护环境、做好准备，我们就能与自然和谐共处，减少大自然的脾气造成的破坏。 nature自然，名词；natures自然（复数）；nature’s自然的，所有格；natural自然的，形容词。根据caused by...temper可知，此处表示“大自然的脾气”，应用名词所有格nature’s。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册期末基础知识复习练习题 一、词汇互译： 1．n. 成功 21．talent ___ 2．n. 失败 22．madam ___ 3．n. 经验；经历 23．advertisement ___ 4．n. 教训；经验教训 24．quality ___ 5．n. 支持；帮助 25．expression ___ 6．n. 鼓励 26．custom ___ 7．n. 梦想；理想 27．occasion ___ 8．adj. 年轻的；年幼的 28．nicely ___ 9．adj. 成熟的；稳重的 29．blouse ___ 10．adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30．private ___ 11．adj. 耐心的 31．preparation ___ 12．adj. 坚强的；坚定的 32．interview ___ 13．adj. 困难的；艰难的 33．temper ___ 14．adv. 逐渐地；慢慢地 34．accident ___ 15．adv. 努力地 35．cover ___ 16．adv. 最终；终于 36．neighbourhood ___ 17．conj. 虽然；尽管 37．uncommon ___ 18．n. 父母 （复数） 38．shake ___ 19．adj. 尴尬的 39．sign-off ___ 20．adj. 困惑的 40．manner ___ 二、词组互译： 41．(对……)有影响 61．募集捐赠物 42．跟着来；赶快 62．充分利用…… 43．分担工作；帮忙做 63．参加采访/面试 44．报名 64．保持活力 45．自从 65．参军 46．最主要的是 66．穷人/富人/年轻人/残疾人 ________ 47．在忙碌中 67．给人们提供食物（两种）________ 48．需要帮助的人 68．提供医疗救助 49．分发 69．寻找失踪的人 50．熟悉；通晓 70．积极参加 51．零花钱 71．为最坏的情况做准备 52．打扫体育馆/公园/社区/教室 ______ 72．实用的救生技能 ________ 53．引导游客 73．……的关键 54．看望老人 74．团队合作的力量 55．指路 75．普通人 56．植树 76．在某人年轻时 57．分类废品 77．跨文化交流 58．训练动物 78．小学 59．清理笼子 79．在某方面有天赋 60．照顾生病的动物 80．自然灾害 三、翻译： 81．我正盼望着早日见到你。（look forward to） 82．It’s important to learn about different cultures when traveling abroad. 83．这道数学题对我来说看起来很难解出来，但我会尽最大努力。(用too...to翻译) 84．这是因为人类的好奇心与野心永无止境。 85．尽管他筋疲力尽，他仍设法把一只手从绳子里抽出来。 四、单项选择题： 86．Please put a tick next to the ________ answer and a cross next to the wrong one. A．correct B．incorrect C．false D．rude 87．Have you ________ learned about the customs of Indian people? A．ever B．already C．just D．yet 88．Before the concert started, the host gave a(n) ________ of the pianist, telling the audience (观众) about his life and achievements. A．expression B．prediction C．resolution D．introduction 89．The boy ________ to run away when he saw the dog, but he stopped. A．dared B．needed C．dared not D．should 90．My dad told me ________ myself too hard, or I would feel tired. A．not push B．to not push C．not to push D．don’t push 91．—Jenny feels bored. She doesn’t have ________ to play with at home. —Why not get her a pet dog? A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody 92．— ________ I use your dictionary? — Sure, here you are. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 93．________ beautiful Mount Huang is! I hope to visit it one day. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 94．—How can we make progress? —We need to be ________ and solve problems on our own. A．independent B．conscious C．various D．supportive 95．You shouldn’t arrive early to a French party ________ the host may still be preparing. A．because B．unless C．so that D．as soon as 96．He has been ill ________ three days. A．for B．since C．in D．on 97．—Have you ever ________ the famous writer Mo Yan? —Yes, he is a Nobel Prize winner. A．heard B．heard from C．heard of D．listened 98．—Did Mrs. Green call you yesterday? —Yes. I was about _______ for dinner when the telephone rang. A．eat out B．eating out C．to eat out D．to eating out 99．The little girl ________ her mother’s hand tightly when she went into the strange room for the first time. A．held B．took C．caught D．pulled 100．They built a small bridge ________ bit by bit to cross the rushing river. A．step B．steps C．stepping D．to step 五、情景运用题： 101．climb, yesterday 102．than 103．put, bread 104．if, go, fun 105． A:What’s wrong with Mrs An?      B: 106． A:What should Sam do?     B:____________________ to check if he has a fever. 107． A: My nose is bleeding. What should I do, Mum? B: 108． A:    B:I think it’s because I drank so many soft drinks yesterday. 109． A:What should Tom do, doctor?     B: 六、完形填空： Summer vacation is usually a great time for students to relax. 110 , some students give up their relaxing time to volunteer. Sandy, a 15-year-old girl, 111 summer vacations because she has more time for volunteering. Sandy used to be 112 and seldom talked to people. That changed during last summer vacation. She saw a group of volunteers picking up rubbish in the street. Moved by their action, she walked up and asked if she could 113 them. They agreed. From that day on, Sandy’s summer vacation became very 114 . From Mondays to Fridays, she taught kids English. From Saturdays to Sundays, she helped to pick up rubbish and visited the elderly. She also 115 money for homeless people by holding charity activities. She was a little tired, but she was very 116 . She has made a lot of friends and become outgoing since then. For Sandy, visiting the elderly is one of the most 117 things. “I help them clean rooms, cut their hair, or just listen to their stories. Although these are small 118 , they make me feel more confident,” Sandy says. “I will keep volunteering all my life—because helping others also helps me 119 .” 110．A．Then B．Instead C．So D．However 111．A．loves B．wastes C．forgets D．marks 112．A．lazy B．honest C．shy D．popular 113．A．meet B．join C．invite D．save 114．A．boring B．relaxing C．busy D．long 115．A．raised B．lent C．spent D．managed 116．A．confused B．worried C．happy D．careful 117．A．sudden B．difficult C．hurtful D．meaningful 118．A．mistakes B．acts C．lessons D．secrets 119．A．grow B．win C．think D．research 七、任务型阅读： Many people enjoy reading books about travelling. 120 And some people like adventures. Here are some great books about travelling. The first one is Travels of Xu Xiake and it was created by a Chinese man. The writer of this book is Xu Xiake and he enjoyed travelling very much. In his life, he travelled to many different places. And he wrote many of his experiences in Travels of Xu Xiake. 121 It is a very helpful book for people to study Chinese geography, language, and other things. The second one is On the Road and its writer is Jack Kerouac. Jack wrote this book in April, 1951. Sal is the main character of this book. 122 And finally, they get to Mexico. They talk a lot and do some exciting and dangerous things on the way. The third one is Around the World in Eighty Days. The famous French writer whose name is Jules Gabriel Verne wrote this book in 1872. In the book, Fogg who is an English man bets (用……打赌) with his friends. He thinks he can travel around the world in eighty days. 123 Finally, he gets back to London successfully. 124 Which one is your favourite one? Can you share it with us? 选项： A．There are other travelling books in the world. B．Fogg is the main character of the book On the Road. C．This book records Xu Xiake’s trips from 1613 to 1639. D．Sal travels across many regions with other young people. E．Some people want to know interesting stories during trips. F．Then Fogg starts his adventure trip and visits many places. 八、语法选择： Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 125 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 126 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 127 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 128 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 129 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 130 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 131 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 132 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 133 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 134 temper. 125．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 126．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 127．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 128．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 129．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 130．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 131．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 132．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 133．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 134．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $