第08讲 Unit 8 Safe and sound（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材译林版

第08讲 Unit 8 Safe and sound （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与介绍突发事故、自然灾害相关的词汇。 2. 能理解表达突发事故、自然灾害相关的核心句型：如…make thousands of people homeless, …shout in fear. 3. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如暴风雪、丛林火灾等自然灾害相关信息，在不同危险处境下正确的应对措施等），正确使用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as描述家乡发生过的或者听说的突发事故或自然灾害。 4. 综合运用话题词汇和语篇结构知识与表达，撰写一篇文章，介绍自己或他人所经历的突发事故或自然灾害，敬畏自然，珍爱生命。 学习重点 1. 掌握介绍突发事故和自然灾害及危害、自然灾害发生的过程、危险处境下的应对措施的核心句型及应答； 2. 正确使用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as。 学习难点 1. 介绍突发事故和自然灾害及危害、自然灾害发生的过程、危险处境下的应对措施； 2. 在语境中准确运用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as。 1. People need to act quickly to deal with it. 人们需要迅速采取行动来处理这件事。 【详解】1. 处理；应对（难题、麻烦、事情） 结构：deal with + 事 / 问题 / 危机= handle /cope with You need to learn how to deal with stress.你要学会如何应对压力。 People need to act quickly to deal with it.人们得迅速行动处理这件事。 2. 与…… 打交道；相处（人） 结构：deal with + 人 He doesn’t know how to deal with kids.他不知道怎么和小孩子相处。 3. 关于；论及（书籍、文章、报告） 多用于书面，主语常是书、论文 This book deals with environmental protection.这本书是讲环境保护的。 易混区分：deal with VS do with 1. deal with 动词短语，侧重动作、处理方式 疑问词搭配：how How do you deal with rubbish?你怎么处理垃圾？ 2. do with 侧重 “利用、放置”，常和 what 连用 疑问词搭配：what What did you do with my pen?你把我的笔放哪儿了？ 【典例】As a class monitor，I have many problems to ________ every day.（　　） A． agree with B． deal with C． come up with D． keep up with 【即练1】For example，my friend Xiaobing，who feels stressed all the time，is learning to ________ pressure and make his emotion more peaceful. As for him，he has much trouble with himself and the people around him，including me!（　　） A．come up with B．get along with C．keep up with D．deal with 【即练2】AI technology can help us ________ the trouble of finding useful information online.（　　） A． get into B． take down C． look for D． deal with 【即练3】I don't know how to ________ this problem. Can you help me？（　　） A． deal with B． pass away C． work on D． take care of 2. I was working when the earthquake started. 地震发生的时候，我正在工作。 【详解】核心语法：过去进行时 + when 一般过去时 1. 时态结构 · was/were + doing（过去进行时）：过去某一刻正在做的持续性动作 主语 I → was working 当时正在工作 · 一般过去时（started）：过去突然发生、打断长动作的短暂突发事件 2. when 的用法规则 句型：长动作（过去进行时）+ when + 短动作（一般过去时） when 译为 “这时 / 突然”，短动作打断正在进行的长动作。 例句拓展： She was reading when the bell rang.铃响时她正在看书。 【典例】I______ the book Robinson Crusoe when you called me at 8：30 yesterday morning. It's very interesting!（　　） A．read B．would read C．am reading D．was reading 【即练1】I ________ my homework when my best friend suddenly knocked on the door.（　　） A． do B． was doing C． am doing D． will do 【即练2】She ________ to the music when I called her.（　　） A．is listening B．listens C．was listening D．listened 3. People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大喊。 【详解】fear /fɪə(r)/（英） /fɪr/（美） 一、作名词 n. 害怕；恐惧；担忧 常用搭配 1. in fear 惊恐地（作状语） People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大喊。 2. with fear 吓得…… shake with fear 吓得发抖 3. out of fear 出于害怕 He hid out of fear. 他因为害怕躲了起来。 4. for fear of /for fear that 生怕；唯恐 · for fear of + 名词 /doing She locked the door for fear of thieves.她锁上门以防小偷。 · for fear that + 句子（常加 should/might） I spoke quietly for fear that I might wake him.我小声说话，生怕吵醒他。 5. overcome fear 克服恐惧 二、作动词 v. 害怕；担心 1. fear sth. 害怕某物 Many people fear darkness. 很多人怕黑。 2. fear to do /fear doing 不敢做某事 She fears to walk alone at night.她不敢夜里独自走路。 3. fear that… 担心…… I fear that he will miss the bus.我担心他赶不上公交。 三、派生词 1. fearful adj. 可怕的；害怕的 a fearful accident 一场可怕的事故 2. fearless adj. 无畏的，勇敢的 a fearless firefighter 勇敢无畏的消防员 3. fearfully adv. 害怕地 = in fear People shouted fearfully. = People shouted in fear. 【典例】It is normal to have a ________ of the unknown，but never let it stop you from trying new things.（　　） A．spirit B．pride C．sense D．fear 【即练1】Although she was good at dancing，she still had a little before the competition，worrying that she might make mistakes.（　　） A．fear B．doubt C．agreement D．failure 【即练2】Walking in the forest by herself，the girl looked back from time to time ____ losing her way.（　　） A．because of B．thanks to C．according to D．in fear of 4. It was dark and silent around me. 我的四周漆黑一片，寂静无声。 【详解】silent 英 /ˈsaɪlənt/ 美 /ˈsaɪlənt/ 一、词性：形容词 adj. 核心 3 层含义 1. 寂静的，没有声音的（形容环境、地方，对应你句子里的用法） 例：The forest was silent at night.夜晚的森林寂静无声。 搭配：silent night 寂静的夜晚 2. 沉默不语的，不说话的（形容人） 例：He stayed silent the whole meeting.整场会议他都一言不发。 常用短语：keep silent 保持沉默 3. 无声的；未表露的；不予回应的 · silent film 无声电影 · silent pain 难言的痛苦 二、派生词 1. silence n. 寂静；沉默in silence 默默地（固定短语）We sat in silence. 我们静静坐着。 2. silently adv. 安静地，默默地She left silently. 她悄悄离开了。 【典例】—Did Mike say when he would go to Beijing University for further study？ —Sorry，I have no idea. He kept ________ at the meeting.（　　） A． patient B． helpful C． silent D． careful 【即练1】After listening to the moving story，everyone in the classroom remained ______ for a while and then cheered warmly.（　　） A． awake B．absent C． alive D．silent 【即练2】Photos are ，but they say a lot about our lives.（　　） A．special B．silent C．strange D．simple 【即练3】—Why is everyone so quiet？ —Because the teacher asked for ________.（　　） A．voice B．music C．silence D．smile 5.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 一阵恐惧涌上心头，但我告诉自己要冷静，毕竟我还活着。 【详解】since英 /sɪns/ 美 /sɪns/ 两大词性：连词 conj. + 介词 prep. 一、连词 用法 1：自从……（时间），引导时间状语从句 结构：主句常用现在完成时 例句：I have lived here since I was 10.自从我十岁起，我就住在这里。 用法 2：既然 / 因为（原因，本句用法） 语气比 because 弱，侧重显而易见的理由，放在主句前后都可。 例句：Since you are tired, you can go to bed early.既然你累了，可以早点休息。 区别：because /since/as 1. because：最强，回答 why，直接解释根本原因 2. since：既然，理由大家都知道 3. as：由于，书面柔和 二、介词：自从 + 时间点（后面加名词，不加句子） · since 2026 自 2026 年以来 · since last week 上周起 例：He has worked here since 2020.他从 2020 年就在这工作。 三、固定搭配 & 副词用法 1. ever since 从那以后 We met in 2020 and have been friends ever since.我们 2020 年相识，从那以后一直是朋友。 2. long since 早已 He has long since forgotten it.他早就忘了这件事。 【典例】____________ you can't work out the Maths problem，maybe you should ask your teacher for help.（　　） A． Unless B． Though C． Since D． Whether 【即练1】Mr Green has worked in our school ______ he came to Tianjin.（　　） A．but B．until C．since D．and 【即练2】Our hometown has changed a lot ________ the new highway was built.（　　） A．before B．since C．until D．though 6. It was silent around me at first except the sounds of nature. 起初四周一片寂静，唯有大自然的声响萦绕耳畔。 【详解】except英 /ɪkˈsept/ 美 /ɪkˈsept/ 一、词性 1：介词 prep. 除…… 之外（不包含后面的人 / 物） 核心含义整体都怎样，唯独除去这一部分。 例句Everyone went out except me.除了我，所有人都出去了。（我没出去） It was silent except the sounds of nature.四周万籁俱寂，只有自然的声响。 I like all fruits except lemons.除了柠檬，所有水果我都喜欢。 易混辨析：except /besides 单词 含义 是否包含后面对象 例句 except 除了……（排除） 不包含 We all passed except Tom. 汤姆没及格 besides 除了…… 之外还有（附加） 包含 Besides Tom, Mary passed too. 汤姆也及格了，玛丽也是 二、词性 2：连词 conj. 除了，只是 后接完整句子，常用搭配 except that / except when 1. The room is nice except that it’s too small.这间房间很好，只是太小了。 2. I go there every day except when it rains.除了下雨天，我每天都去那里。 三、高频短语 1. except for ① 除了…… 之外；美中不足的是（修正整体瑕疵） The essay is good except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇作文很好，只是有几处拼写错误。 ② 区分 except & except for except：同类排除（人跟人、物跟物）Nobody came except Jack.（都是人） except for：不同类，整体和局部瑕疵The street was empty except for a cat.（街道 vs 猫，不同类） 2. nothing except = only 仅仅，只 He wants nothing except rest. 他只想休息。 【典例】—Did all the students attend the concert yesterday afternoon？ —Yes，______ John. He had to look after his mother in hospital.（　　） A．beyond B．besides C．against D．except 【即练1】We can see all the colors of the rainbow ________ black and white.（　　） A．besides B．beside C．except D．including 【即练2】All the students in Class 2 went to the museum yesterday ________ Lucy，because she had to look after her sick mother.（　　） A．besides B．with C．for D．except 【即练3】— Ella，you seem to enjoy reading in your spare time. — Yes. Reading can open my mind.________，the more I read，the more I want to know.（　　） A．However B．Besides C．Instead D．Later 7. They finally put out the fire. 他们最终扑灭了大火。 【详解】put out 1.扑灭（火、香烟） put out the fire 灭火 put out a cigarette 掐灭香烟 2.其他常用含义 · 伸出：She put out her hand. 她伸出手。 · 出版；发布：put out a book 出版书籍 · 熄灭（灯光）：Put out the lights before sleep. 睡前关灯。 短语 中文释义 例句 put out 扑灭；熄灭；伸出；出版 Firemen put out the fire. 消防员扑灭了大火。 put on 穿上；增重；上演 Put on your coat. 穿上你的外套。 put off 推迟，延期 We put off the meeting. 我们推迟了会议。 put up 举起；张贴；搭建；留宿 Put up your hands. 举起你们的手。 put away 收好，放起来 Put away your toys. 把玩具收好。 put down 放下；写下；镇压 Put down your pen. 放下你的笔。 put aside 搁置；储蓄 Put aside some money. 存一点钱。 put through 接通电话；完成 Put me through to Tom. 帮我接通汤姆。 put in 放入；投入；申请；安装 Put in a new window. 装一扇新窗户。 【典例】— Why do the firemen exercise hard every day？ — To improve the ability to ________ a big fire.（　　） A．shut down B．put out C．turn off D．take away 【即练1】Don't forget to ____ a new light in your study，and it will help protect your eyesight.（　　） A．put on B．put in C．put up D．put out 【即练2】We have to ________ the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.（　　） A．put away B．put on C．put out D．put off 【即练3】The firemen ________ the big fire in five minutes yesterday evening.（　　） A．put on B．put out C．put up D．put down 8.We were watching in fear while the firemen were putting out the fire. 消防员正在灭火时，我们满心恐惧地看着。 【详解】while英 /waɪl/ 美 /waɪl/ 一、连词 conj.（考试三大核心用法） 用法 1：当…… 时候，与此同时（本句用法） 规则： 1. while 后必须接延续性动作（动词可长时间持续，多用进行时 doing） 2. 主从句动作同时发生，两边常都用过去进行时 例句： My mother was cooking while I was doing homework.我写作业时妈妈在做饭。 用法 2：然而，但是（表对比、转折） 前后两者形成鲜明对比 Some people like cats, while others prefer dogs.有些人喜欢猫，而另一些人偏爱狗。 用法 3：虽然，尽管（让步，书面） While I understand your idea, I can’t help you.虽然我理解你的想法，但我帮不了你。 二、名词 n. 一会儿，一段时间 固定搭配： 1. for a while 一会儿I rested for a while. 我休息了一会儿。 2. after a while 过了一会儿After a while, the rain stopped. 过了一会儿雨停了。 3. in a while 不久，马上 三、易混辨析 while /when 单词 使用规则 while 从句动词延续，只能接长动作，多用进行时 when 既可接短暂动作，也可接延续动作 四、省略结构 当 while 从句主语和主句主语一致，且含 be 动词，可省略主语 + be While (I was) walking, I saw a fire.走路的时候，我看见了一场火灾。 【典例】Jim was watching TV ________ his younger sister was playing with his toy at this time yesterday.（　　） A．since B．when C．while D．as 【即练1】My father was reading newspapers my mother was washing dishes.（　　） A．so B．while C．or D．but 【即练2】Most men like doing sports，________ women enjoy going shopping.（　　） A．although B．when C．while D．because 【即练3】Don't make any noise ________ your father is sleeping in the next room.（　　） A． though B． while C． unless D． after 9. So far five people are dead, including a fireman. 到目前为止已有五人遇难，其中包括一名消防员。 【详解】dead英 /ded/ 美 /ded/ 一、词性 1：形容词 adj.（最常用） 1. 死去的，无生命的（本句用法） 重要规则：dead 是表语形容词，一般不直接放在名词前修饰 正确：The man is dead. 这个人死了。 错误：a dead man（语法其实能说，但描述 “已死亡的人” 更常用，区分状态动词） 对比变形考点： 1. die v. 死亡（瞬间动作，不能与时间段连用）He died last year. 他去年去世了。 2. dead adj. 死的（表持续状态，和 how long 连用）He has been dead for 10 years. 他去世十年了。 3. death n. 死亡His death made us sad. 他的离世让我们难过。 4. dying adj. 垂死的，快要死的a dying dog 一条奄奄一息的狗 例句：Five people are dead. 五人遇难。 2. 无动静的；熄灭的 a dead fire 熄灭的火dead silence 死寂 3. 没电的 a dead battery 没电的电池 二、词性 2：副词 adv. 完全地；突然 dead tired 累极了dead straight 笔直地 三、词性 3：名词 the dead 死者（复数含义） honour the dead 缅怀逝者 四、易混对比表格 单词 词性 核心用法 die 动词 瞬间动作，过去式 died，不能接一段时间 dead 形容词 表死亡状态，have/has been dead + 时长 death 名词 死亡，作主语 / 宾语 dying 形容词 / 现在分词 垂死的；渴望的 【典例】At last，the poor boy was _____ . But people didn't know the reason of his_____.（　　） A．died；death B．dead；death C．die；die D．death；dead 【即练1】After a serious earthquake，more than 200 people were ______.（　　） A．died B．dead C．dying D．death 【即练2】Hundreds of fish were found on the surface of the sea because of the water pollution.（　　） A．die B．dead C．died D．death 【即练3】His grandpa ______ two years ago. So he has been ______ for two years.（　　） A．dead；died B．died；death C．died；dead D．dead；dead 10. We heard people shouting. 我们听见人们在大喊。 【详解】 hear + 宾语 (people) + doing (shouting) 含义：听见某人正在做某事，强调动作当时正在发生。 · hear /hɪə(r)/v. 听见（感官动词） · shout /ʃaʊt/v. 呼喊，大叫；shouting 现在分词 两种感官动词固定句型对比 1. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做（动作进行中） We heard people shouting.我们当时听见人们一直在呼喊。 2. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事（全过程、经常性动作） I heard him shout.我听见他喊了一声（完整动作结束） 句子拆分 We（主语）+ heard（谓语，hear 过去式）+ people（宾语）+ shouting（宾语补足语） 同类感官动词（see /watch/notice 用法完全一样） · see sb. doing 看见某人正在…… · watch sb. doing 注视某人正在…… · notice sb. doing 注意到某人正在…… 【典例】On my way home，I always hear some boys ________ happily in the park.（　　） A． laugh B． to laugh C． laughing D． laughed 【即练1】Every morning I get up and I can always hear the birds________.（　　） A．sings B．sing C．to sing D．are singing 【即练2】I often see my brother soccer with his friends on weekends.（　　） A．play B．to play C．plays D. palying 一、单项选择 1．—I didn't see you in the dining hall. But you said you would come! —I am really sorry about that. I ________ Mr Zhang carry books then.（　　） A．have helped B．am helping C．was helping D．will help 2．—We should put on thick coats the temperature drops，or we might catch a cold. —Good advice! Being prepared is always better than getting sick.（　　） A．since B．though C．unless D．until 3．Keep______，and we should listen to the tape ______.（　　） A．silent；silently B．in silent；silently C．in silence；in silence D．silently；silently 4．Clean energy is widely accepted as an important way to ______environmental problems.（　　） A．deal with B．begin with C．pick up D．take up 5． When the girl found herself trapped in the dark，she screamed ______.（　　） A．in fear B．with excitement C．with joy D．in surprise 6．—What should I do when the flood happens，Dad？ —It's important to _______first and then get to high ground and stay there.（　　） A．come down B．put down C．calm down D．fall down 7．—We must keep in mind e﹣bikes are not allowed to go upstairs and charge at home. —Yes! The fire happened last month in Nanjing took many lives away. The firemen worked hard to ________ the fire.（　　） A．put out B．put in C．put up D．put on 8．—Have you watched China in Classics on CCTV﹣1 recently？ — Yes. It brings Chinese ancient books _______ on screen.（　　） A．live B．alive C．living D．lively 9．I was walking in the park with my friend ______ the storm started.（　　） A．when B．while C．before D．if 10．—Our parents often us not to talk with strangers on the Internet. —That's true. As teenagers，we should learn to protect ourselves.（　　） A． warn B． invite C． control D． promise 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Sorry，I couldn't hear your phone because the heavy rain 　 　 （beat） against the windows. 2．We are looking for somebody with a clear sense of 　 　 （direct）. 3．We 　 　 （watch） TV while my mother 　 　 （read） books at this time last night. 4． Many people talk about connections between courage and 　 　 （fear）. 5．There will be a talk on 　 　 （nature）disasters in the school hall this afternoon. 6．Tom was doing homework in his bedroom. 　 　 （sudden），he heard a sound outside the window. 7．We should learn from Tom's bravery when facing an 　 　 （emergent）. 8．"Oh，it's time to have supper. Where can I get my food？"she said to 　 　 （she）. 9．People are proud of the 　 　 because they put out the fire in a short time. （fireman） 10．Luckily，no one was 　 　 （bad）hurt in this car accident. 三、阅读理解 One Saturday Maria and I had a 30﹣mile bike ride. It seemed perfect. We started at 7：00 a.m.in beautiful spring weather. At 10：30 a.m.，when we stopped for a rest，we both felt wonderful. And then a brisk wind came. That was when our perfect day began to change. By noon，we knew a serious thunderstorm was blowing our way. Dark clouds rolled up our of the southwest. A stinging wind burned our faces. There was no way to stay out of the storm. We would have to wait it out，but where？ Then things went from bad to worse. The temperature dropped suddenly. I looked up and saw the sky now turned dark green. Trees and crops were bent over by the wind. No animals were in sight. Then a blue car stopped beside our bikes. The driver shouted， "Get in!" She looked frightened，and so did we. We did as she said. That was when the hail（冰雹）started. Ice，the size of golf balls，hit the windows of the car. She drove fast to the north. Maria and I looked back at the black sky. Maria screamed， "Tornado（龙卷风）!" It was so close that I could see trees，doors，and all kinds of other things that this monster swallowed（吞）. My heart moved up to my throat and was beating so hard，I thought it would jump out of my body. I had never been so frightened. We would never run faster than the tornado! The driver turned to us and said calmly， "There's an overpass（立交桥）ahead. We'll stay under it for protection." When we parked，we jumped out of the car and ran to the wall of the overpass. Before I could count to 20，there came a loud noise. It sounded like a train passing overhead. Then，suddenly，it was over. We had made it. Soon we were all laughing with relief（轻松）.We were shaken but excited. What a story I would have to tell at school. （1）What was the writer doing on the day of the tornado？ 　 　 A．Resting at home. B．Playing outside. C．Riding a bike. D．Driving a car. （2）What happened first when the tornado began？ 　 　 A．Dark clouds rolled up. B．The hail came suddenly. C．The temperature dropped. D．Animals ran out of the sight. （3）What is the righter order of the story？ 　 　 ①The woman drove to the overpass. ②Maria and I had a bike ride. ③A thunderstorm was blowing our way. ④Ice hit the windows of the car. ⑤We got into a woman's car. A． ②﹣③﹣①﹣④﹣⑤ B． ②﹣③﹣⑤﹣④﹣① C． ③﹣①﹣②﹣⑤﹣④ D． ③﹣②﹣①﹣④﹣⑤ （4）How did the kids feel when it was all over？ 　 　 A．Tired and nervous. B．Afraid but excited. C．Worried but lucky. D．Sad and surprised. 四、语法填空 Over the years，movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. A tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds（速度） about 100 metres per second，and （1）　 　 （travel） a long distance. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes.（2）　 　 （sad），tornadoes kill many people every year. Scientists can't go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As （3）　 　 result，it is still （4）　 　 （certain） how tornadoes form and die.（5）　 　 （tell） how strong a tornado is，scientists look at how much damage it causes and show the levels on the EF﹣Scale （6）　 　 EF0 to EF5.For example，if a tornado only damages trees，it will be at the level of EF0，while a tornado at the （7）　 　 （strong）level of EF5 blows away buildings with a wind speed of over 100 metres per second. （8）　 　 tornadoes can happen very quickly，make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find （9）　 　 （you） meeting a tornado，calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for （10）　 　 （protect）.Also，stay away from windows and heavy things，or they may fall on you. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第08讲 Unit 8 Safe and sound （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与介绍突发事故、自然灾害相关的词汇。 2. 能理解表达突发事故、自然灾害相关的核心句型：如…make thousands of people homeless, …shout in fear. 3. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如暴风雪、丛林火灾等自然灾害相关信息，在不同危险处境下正确的应对措施等），正确使用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as描述家乡发生过的或者听说的突发事故或自然灾害。 4. 综合运用话题词汇和语篇结构知识与表达，撰写一篇文章，介绍自己或他人所经历的突发事故或自然灾害，敬畏自然，珍爱生命。 学习重点 1. 掌握介绍突发事故和自然灾害及危害、自然灾害发生的过程、危险处境下的应对措施的核心句型及应答； 2. 正确使用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as。 学习难点 1. 介绍突发事故和自然灾害及危害、自然灾害发生的过程、危险处境下的应对措施； 2. 在语境中准确运用过去进行时以及连词when、while和as。 1. People need to act quickly to deal with it. 人们需要迅速采取行动来处理这件事。 【详解】1. 处理；应对（难题、麻烦、事情） 结构：deal with + 事 / 问题 / 危机= handle /cope with You need to learn how to deal with stress.你要学会如何应对压力。 People need to act quickly to deal with it.人们得迅速行动处理这件事。 2. 与…… 打交道；相处（人） 结构：deal with + 人 He doesn’t know how to deal with kids.他不知道怎么和小孩子相处。 3. 关于；论及（书籍、文章、报告） 多用于书面，主语常是书、论文 This book deals with environmental protection.这本书是讲环境保护的。 易混区分：deal with VS do with 1. deal with 动词短语，侧重动作、处理方式 疑问词搭配：how How do you deal with rubbish?你怎么处理垃圾？ 2. do with 侧重 “利用、放置”，常和 what 连用 疑问词搭配：what What did you do with my pen?你把我的笔放哪儿了？ 【典例】As a class monitor，I have many problems to ________ every day.（　　） A． agree with B． deal with C． come up with D． keep up with 【答案】B 【详解】agree with同意；deal with处理；come up with提出；keep up with跟上。根据"As a class monitor"和"many problems"可知，此处表示需要"处理"问题。deal with符合语境。 故选：B。 【即练1】For example，my friend Xiaobing，who feels stressed all the time，is learning to ________ pressure and make his emotion more peaceful. As for him，he has much trouble with himself and the people around him，including me!（　　） A．come up with B．get along with C．keep up with D．deal with 【答案】D 【详解】come up with想出；get along with与……相处；keep up with跟上；deal with处理、应对。根据feels stressed all the time（一直感到压力很大）及宾语pressure（压力）可知，此处指学习如何"处理"压力，应填deal with。 故选：D。 【即练2】AI technology can help us ________ the trouble of finding useful information online.（　　） A． get into B． take down C． look for D． deal with 【答案】D 【详解】get into陷入；take down记下；look for寻找；deal with处理。根据"the trouble of finding useful information online（在网上寻找有用信息的麻烦）"可知，此处是表达"帮助我们处理在网上寻找有用信息的麻烦"，deal with 符合"处理麻烦"的逻辑。 故选：D。 【即练3】I don't know how to ________ this problem. Can you help me？（　　） A． deal with B． pass away C． work on D． take care of 【答案】A 【详解】deal with处理；pass away去世；work on从事；take care of照顾。根据空格后面的this problem和选项提示可知，此处需要表达"如果处理问题"，应填deal with。how通常与deal with搭配 故选：A。 2. I was working when the earthquake started. 地震发生的时候，我正在工作。 【详解】核心语法：过去进行时 + when 一般过去时 1. 时态结构 · was/were + doing（过去进行时）：过去某一刻正在做的持续性动作 主语 I → was working 当时正在工作 · 一般过去时（started）：过去突然发生、打断长动作的短暂突发事件 2. when 的用法规则 句型：长动作（过去进行时）+ when + 短动作（一般过去时） when 译为 “这时 / 突然”，短动作打断正在进行的长动作。 例句拓展： She was reading when the bell rang.铃响时她正在看书。 【典例】I______ the book Robinson Crusoe when you called me at 8：30 yesterday morning. It's very interesting!（　　） A．read B．would read C．am reading D．was reading 【答案】D 【详解】A.（read）为一般过去时，仅表示过去完成动作，无法体现"正在进行"；B（would read）表过去将来或虚拟，与语境无关；C（am reading）为现在进行时，与"yesterday morning"矛盾；D.（was reading）为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作。根据时间状语"at 8：30 yesterday morning"（昨天早上八点半）和"when you called me"（当你打电话给我时），可知此处需用过去进行时（was/were + doing），表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。选项D"was reading"符合语境，说明打电话时"我正在读书"。其他选项时态均不匹配。 故选：D。 【即练1】I ________ my homework when my best friend suddenly knocked on the door.（　　） A． do B． was doing C． am doing D． will do 【答案】B 【详解】do做，动词。选项A是动词原形；选项B是过去进行时；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是一般将来时。when引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词knocked是一般过去时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。 故选：B。 【即练2】She ________ to the music when I called her.（　　） A．is listening B．listens C．was listening D．listened 【答案】C 【详解】is listening正在听，现在进行时；listens听，第三人称单数；was listening正在听，过去进行时；listened过去式。根据句中的"when I called her"（当我给她打电话时）可知，此处描述的是过去某个时间正在进行的动作，所以应该用过去进行时"was/were doing"。 故选：C。 3. People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大喊。 【详解】fear /fɪə(r)/（英） /fɪr/（美） 一、作名词 n. 害怕；恐惧；担忧 常用搭配 1. in fear 惊恐地（作状语） People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地大喊。 2. with fear 吓得…… shake with fear 吓得发抖 3. out of fear 出于害怕 He hid out of fear. 他因为害怕躲了起来。 4. for fear of /for fear that 生怕；唯恐 · for fear of + 名词 /doing She locked the door for fear of thieves.她锁上门以防小偷。 · for fear that + 句子（常加 should/might） I spoke quietly for fear that I might wake him.我小声说话，生怕吵醒他。 5. overcome fear 克服恐惧 二、作动词 v. 害怕；担心 1. fear sth. 害怕某物 Many people fear darkness. 很多人怕黑。 2. fear to do /fear doing 不敢做某事 She fears to walk alone at night.她不敢夜里独自走路。 3. fear that… 担心…… I fear that he will miss the bus.我担心他赶不上公交。 三、派生词 1. fearful adj. 可怕的；害怕的 a fearful accident 一场可怕的事故 2. fearless adj. 无畏的，勇敢的 a fearless firefighter 勇敢无畏的消防员 3. fearfully adv. 害怕地 = in fear People shouted fearfully. = People shouted in fear. 【典例】It is normal to have a ________ of the unknown，but never let it stop you from trying new things.（　　） A．spirit B．pride C．sense D．fear 【答案】D 【详解】spirit精神；pride骄傲；sense感觉；fear恐惧。根据后半句"never let it stop you from trying new things"（永远不要让它阻止你尝试新事物。）可知，这种情绪通常会阻碍人们尝试新事物，面对未知通常会产生"恐惧"心理。 故选：D。 【即练1】Although she was good at dancing，she still had a little before the competition，worrying that she might make mistakes.（　　） A．fear B．doubt C．agreement D．failure 【答案】A 【详解】fear恐惧，害怕；doubt怀疑，疑虑；agreement同意；failure失败。根据后句句意"担心自己可能会犯错"和选项提示可知，此处表述"在比赛前她仍然有些恐惧"，要选"恐惧，害怕"。 故选：A。 【即练2】Walking in the forest by herself，the girl looked back from time to time ____ losing her way.（　　） A．because of B．thanks to C．according to D．in fear of 【答案】D 【详解】A因为；B多亏了；C根据；D害怕；分析语境，可知这个女孩又是独自走在森林里，又是时不时回头看，所以是怕迷路。 故选：D。 4. It was dark and silent around me. 我的四周漆黑一片，寂静无声。 【详解】silent 英 /ˈsaɪlənt/ 美 /ˈsaɪlənt/ 一、词性：形容词 adj. 核心 3 层含义 1. 寂静的，没有声音的（形容环境、地方，对应你句子里的用法） 例：The forest was silent at night.夜晚的森林寂静无声。 搭配：silent night 寂静的夜晚 2. 沉默不语的，不说话的（形容人） 例：He stayed silent the whole meeting.整场会议他都一言不发。 常用短语：keep silent 保持沉默 3. 无声的；未表露的；不予回应的 · silent film 无声电影 · silent pain 难言的痛苦 二、派生词 1. silence n. 寂静；沉默in silence 默默地（固定短语）We sat in silence. 我们静静坐着。 2. silently adv. 安静地，默默地She left silently. 她悄悄离开了。 【典例】—Did Mike say when he would go to Beijing University for further study？ —Sorry，I have no idea. He kept ________ at the meeting.（　　） A． patient B． helpful C． silent D． careful 【答案】C 【详解】patient耐心的；helpful有帮助的；silent沉默的；careful小心的。根据前句"I have no idea"可知，"我"不知道，说明迈克在会上没有透露信息，即一直"沉默"，应填silent。其它选项语意不通。 故选：C。 【即练1】After listening to the moving story，everyone in the classroom remained ______ for a while and then cheered warmly.（　　） A． awake B．absent C． alive D．silent 【答案】D 【详解】A.awake 醒着的；B.absent 缺席的；C.alive 活着的；D.silent 沉默的。根据After listening to the moving story（听完这个感人的故事后）可知，此处是教室里所有人都沉默了一会儿，随后热烈欢呼。 故选：D。 【即练2】Photos are ，but they say a lot about our lives.（　　） A．special B．silent C．strange D．simple 【答案】B 【详解】special特殊的；silent沉默的；strange奇怪的；simple简单的。 根据后句"但它们表达了很多关于我们生活的信息。"可知，应是照片是无声的。 故选：B。 【即练3】—Why is everyone so quiet？ —Because the teacher asked for ________.（　　） A．voice B．music C．silence D．smile 【答案】C 【详解】voice嗓音；music音乐；silence沉默；smile微笑。根据"Why is everyone so quiet？"（为什么大家都这么安静？）可知，此处说的是要求保持沉默。 故选：C。 5.A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 一阵恐惧涌上心头，但我告诉自己要冷静，毕竟我还活着。 【详解】since英 /sɪns/ 美 /sɪns/ 两大词性：连词 conj. + 介词 prep. 一、连词 用法 1：自从……（时间），引导时间状语从句 结构：主句常用现在完成时 例句：I have lived here since I was 10.自从我十岁起，我就住在这里。 用法 2：既然 / 因为（原因，本句用法） 语气比 because 弱，侧重显而易见的理由，放在主句前后都可。 例句：Since you are tired, you can go to bed early.既然你累了，可以早点休息。 区别：because /since/as 1. because：最强，回答 why，直接解释根本原因 2. since：既然，理由大家都知道 3. as：由于，书面柔和 二、介词：自从 + 时间点（后面加名词，不加句子） · since 2026 自 2026 年以来 · since last week 上周起 例：He has worked here since 2020.他从 2020 年就在这工作。 三、固定搭配 & 副词用法 1. ever since 从那以后 We met in 2020 and have been friends ever since.我们 2020 年相识，从那以后一直是朋友。 2. long since 早已 He has long since forgotten it.他早就忘了这件事。 【典例】____________ you can't work out the Maths problem，maybe you should ask your teacher for help.（　　） A． Unless B． Though C． Since D． Whether 【答案】C 【详解】Unless除非；Though虽然；Since既然，由于；Whether是否。前半句"做不出数学题"是后半句"找老师求助"的原因，since放在句首表示"既然"，引出客观原因，符合语境。应填Since。 故选：C。 【即练1】Mr Green has worked in our school ______ he came to Tianjin.（　　） A．but B．until C．since D．and 【答案】C 【详解】since表示"自从……以来"，与现在完成时（has worked）搭配，强调动作从过去某时持续到现在。其他选项不符逻辑：but但是，表示转折；until直到……才，需搭配终止性动词，引导时间状语从句；and和，并且。表示并列，无时间关联。 故选：C。 【即练2】Our hometown has changed a lot ________ the new highway was built.（　　） A．before B．since C．until D．though 【答案】B 【详解】before在……之前；since自从……以来；until直到……为止；though虽然。主句"Our hometown has changed a lot"是现在完成时，从句"the new highway was built"是一般过去时，符合现在完成时的标志词since的用法。其它选项语意不通。 故选：B。 6. It was silent around me at first except the sounds of nature. 起初四周一片寂静，唯有大自然的声响萦绕耳畔。 【详解】except英 /ɪkˈsept/ 美 /ɪkˈsept/ 一、词性 1：介词 prep. 除…… 之外（不包含后面的人 / 物） 核心含义整体都怎样，唯独除去这一部分。 例句Everyone went out except me.除了我，所有人都出去了。（我没出去） It was silent except the sounds of nature.四周万籁俱寂，只有自然的声响。 I like all fruits except lemons.除了柠檬，所有水果我都喜欢。 易混辨析：except /besides 单词 含义 是否包含后面对象 例句 except 除了……（排除） 不包含 We all passed except Tom. 汤姆没及格 besides 除了…… 之外还有（附加） 包含 Besides Tom, Mary passed too. 汤姆也及格了，玛丽也是 二、词性 2：连词 conj. 除了，只是 后接完整句子，常用搭配 except that / except when 1. The room is nice except that it’s too small.这间房间很好，只是太小了。 2. I go there every day except when it rains.除了下雨天，我每天都去那里。 三、高频短语 1. except for ① 除了…… 之外；美中不足的是（修正整体瑕疵） The essay is good except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇作文很好，只是有几处拼写错误。 ② 区分 except & except for except：同类排除（人跟人、物跟物）Nobody came except Jack.（都是人） except for：不同类，整体和局部瑕疵The street was empty except for a cat.（街道 vs 猫，不同类） 2. nothing except = only 仅仅，只 He wants nothing except rest. 他只想休息。 【典例】—Did all the students attend the concert yesterday afternoon？ —Yes，______ John. He had to look after his mother in hospital.（　　） A．beyond B．besides C．against D．except 【答案】D 【详解】beyond超出；besides除......之外（还有）；against反对；except除……之外（不包含在内）；根据Did all the students attend the concert yesterday afternoon？（昨天下午所有的学生都参加音乐会了吗？）和Yes...John. He had to look after his mother in hospital.（是的......约翰。他得在医院照顾他的母亲。）可知，此处强调所有学生中只有约翰因照顾母亲未参加，因此选except符合题意，besides是包括在内，应该排除。 故选：D。 【即练1】We can see all the colors of the rainbow ________ black and white.（　　） A．besides B．beside C．except D．including 【答案】C 【详解】A.besides除……之外（还有）；B.beside在……旁边；C.except除……之外（不包括）；D.including包括；根据"彩虹的颜色本身不包含黑色和白色"这一常识可知，黑白两色应被"排除在外"，用except表示从整体中排除某部分。 故选：C。 【即练2】All the students in Class 2 went to the museum yesterday ________ Lucy，because she had to look after her sick mother.（　　） A．besides B．with C．for D．except 【答案】D 【详解】besides除……之外（还），表示包括在内的"除……之外"；with和……一起；for为了，给；except除……之外，表示不包括在内的"除……之外"。根据原因状语从句"because she had to look after her sick mother（因为她得照顾生病的母亲）"可知，露西需要照顾母亲，因此昨天没有去博物馆，此处应将她"排除在外"，应用表示排除关系的except。 故选：D。 【即练3】— Ella，you seem to enjoy reading in your spare time. — Yes. Reading can open my mind.________，the more I read，the more I want to know.（　　） A．However B．Besides C．Instead D．Later 【答案】B 【详解】However然而；Besides此外，而且；Instead代替，反而；Later后来，稍后。根据"the more I read，the more I want to know."（我读得越多，就越想知道更多。）可知，阅读能开阔思维，后一句进一步补充说明阅读越多越想知道更多，是对阅读好处的进一步阐述，应用"Besides"。 故选：B。 7. They finally put out the fire. 他们最终扑灭了大火。 【详解】put out 1.扑灭（火、香烟） put out the fire 灭火 put out a cigarette 掐灭香烟 2.其他常用含义 · 伸出：She put out her hand. 她伸出手。 · 出版；发布：put out a book 出版书籍 · 熄灭（灯光）：Put out the lights before sleep. 睡前关灯。 短语 中文释义 例句 put out 扑灭；熄灭；伸出；出版 Firemen put out the fire. 消防员扑灭了大火。 put on 穿上；增重；上演 Put on your coat. 穿上你的外套。 put off 推迟，延期 We put off the meeting. 我们推迟了会议。 put up 举起；张贴；搭建；留宿 Put up your hands. 举起你们的手。 put away 收好，放起来 Put away your toys. 把玩具收好。 put down 放下；写下；镇压 Put down your pen. 放下你的笔。 put aside 搁置；储蓄 Put aside some money. 存一点钱。 put through 接通电话；完成 Put me through to Tom. 帮我接通汤姆。 put in 放入；投入；申请；安装 Put in a new window. 装一扇新窗户。 【典例】— Why do the firemen exercise hard every day？ — To improve the ability to ________ a big fire.（　　） A．shut down B．put out C．turn off D．take away 【答案】B 【详解】shut down关闭，停业；put out扑灭，熄灭；turn off关掉（电器、水源、光源）；take away拿走，带走。根据"firemen（消防员）"和"a big fire（大火）"可知，此处语境为灭火。put out符合语境。 故选：B。 【即练1】Don't forget to ____ a new light in your study，and it will help protect your eyesight.（　　） A．put on B．put in C．put up D．put out 【答案】B 【详解】put on穿上/上演；put in安装/放入；put up张贴/搭建；put out扑灭。根据"a new light"可知，用put in符合题意。 故选：B。 【即练2】We have to ________ the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.（　　） A．put away B．put on C．put out D．put off 【答案】D 【详解】put away放好；put on穿上；put out扑灭；put off推迟。根据because of the heavy rain（因为大雨）可知，大雨导致运动会推迟，put off符合语境。 故选：D。 【即练3】The firemen ________ the big fire in five minutes yesterday evening.（　　） A．put on B．put out C．put up D．put down 【答案】B 【详解】put on穿上；put out扑灭；put up张贴；put down放下。根据"The firemen…the big fire"（消防员……大火）可知，消防员与大火之间应是"扑灭"的关系。 故选：B。 8.We were watching in fear while the firemen were putting out the fire. 消防员正在灭火时，我们满心恐惧地看着。 【详解】while英 /waɪl/ 美 /waɪl/ 一、连词 conj.（考试三大核心用法） 用法 1：当…… 时候，与此同时（本句用法） 规则： 1. while 后必须接延续性动作（动词可长时间持续，多用进行时 doing） 2. 主从句动作同时发生，两边常都用过去进行时 例句： My mother was cooking while I was doing homework.我写作业时妈妈在做饭。 用法 2：然而，但是（表对比、转折） 前后两者形成鲜明对比 Some people like cats, while others prefer dogs.有些人喜欢猫，而另一些人偏爱狗。 用法 3：虽然，尽管（让步，书面） While I understand your idea, I can’t help you.虽然我理解你的想法，但我帮不了你。 二、名词 n. 一会儿，一段时间 固定搭配： 1. for a while 一会儿I rested for a while. 我休息了一会儿。 2. after a while 过了一会儿After a while, the rain stopped. 过了一会儿雨停了。 3. in a while 不久，马上 三、易混辨析 while /when 单词 使用规则 while 从句动词延续，只能接长动作，多用进行时 when 既可接短暂动作，也可接延续动作 四、省略结构 当 while 从句主语和主句主语一致，且含 be 动词，可省略主语 + be While (I was) walking, I saw a fire.走路的时候，我看见了一场火灾。 【典例】Jim was watching TV ________ his younger sister was playing with his toy at this time yesterday.（　　） A．since B．when C．while D．as 【答案】C 【详解】A.since自从；B.when当……时；C.while当……时（强调两个动作同时进行）；D.as当……时。根据句中"was watching TV"和"was playing with his toy"可知，两个过去进行时的动作同时发生，强调"一边……一边……"，应用while连接。应填while。 故选：C。 【即练1】My father was reading newspapers my mother was washing dishes.（　　） A．so B．while C．or D．but 【答案】B 【详解】so所以；while当......的时候，引导时间状语从句，从句常用进行时；or或者，否则；but但是。根据主句句意"我父亲在看报纸"和选项提示可知，从句表述"当我母亲正在洗碗的时候"，要选"当......的时候"，从句是过去进行时，用while。 故选：B。 【即练2】Most men like doing sports，________ women enjoy going shopping.（　　） A．although B．when C．while D．because 【答案】C 【详解】although尽管；when当……时；while然而；because因为。根据"Most men like doing sports（大多数男士喜欢做运动）"和"women enjoy going shopping（女士们喜欢购物）"可知，此处是鲜明喜好对比，while用来对比两种人/事物的行为、喜好，意为"然而"，侧重前后对比反差。 故选：C。 【即练3】Don't make any noise ________ your father is sleeping in the next room.（　　） A． though B． while C． unless D． after 【答案】B 【详解】though虽然；while当……时候；unless除非；after在……之后。根据"your father is sleeping in the next room"（你父亲正在隔壁房间睡觉）可知父亲正在睡觉，此处表示当父亲睡觉期间不要制造噪音，while引导时间状语从句，符合语境。 故选：B。 9. So far five people are dead, including a fireman. 到目前为止已有五人遇难，其中包括一名消防员。 【详解】dead英 /ded/ 美 /ded/ 一、词性 1：形容词 adj.（最常用） 1. 死去的，无生命的（本句用法） 重要规则：dead 是表语形容词，一般不直接放在名词前修饰 正确：The man is dead. 这个人死了。 错误：a dead man（语法其实能说，但描述 “已死亡的人” 更常用，区分状态动词） 对比变形考点： 1. die v. 死亡（瞬间动作，不能与时间段连用）He died last year. 他去年去世了。 2. dead adj. 死的（表持续状态，和 how long 连用）He has been dead for 10 years. 他去世十年了。 3. death n. 死亡His death made us sad. 他的离世让我们难过。 4. dying adj. 垂死的，快要死的a dying dog 一条奄奄一息的狗 例句：Five people are dead. 五人遇难。 2. 无动静的；熄灭的 a dead fire 熄灭的火dead silence 死寂 3. 没电的 a dead battery 没电的电池 二、词性 2：副词 adv. 完全地；突然 dead tired 累极了dead straight 笔直地 三、词性 3：名词 the dead 死者（复数含义） honour the dead 缅怀逝者 四、易混对比表格 单词 词性 核心用法 die 动词 瞬间动作，过去式 died，不能接一段时间 dead 形容词 表死亡状态，have/has been dead + 时长 death 名词 死亡，作主语 / 宾语 dying 形容词 / 现在分词 垂死的；渴望的 【典例】At last，the poor boy was _____ . But people didn't know the reason of his_____.（　　） A．died；death B．dead；death C．die；die D．death；dead 【答案】B 【详解】die死亡，是动词；died是die的过去式；death死亡，是名词；dead死亡的，是形容词。前空在系动词was后面，要用形容词，作表语。后空在形容词性物主代词his后面，要用名词，作介词of的宾语。 故选：B。 【即练1】After a serious earthquake，more than 200 people were ______.（　　） A．died B．dead C．dying D．death 【答案】B 【详解】died死亡，动词过去时；dead死亡的，形容词；dying奄奄一息的，形容词；death死亡，名词；根据After a serious earthquake，more than 200 people were...（地震过后，有200多人......）可知，应该是有200多人死亡，用dead作表语。 故选：B。 【即练2】Hundreds of fish were found on the surface of the sea because of the water pollution.（　　） A．die B．dead C．died D．death 【答案】B 【详解】die死，动词原形；dead死的，形容词；died死了，动词过去式；death死亡，名词。句子中"were found"后需接形容词作主语补足语，描述主语"hundreds of fish"（数百条鱼）的状态，表示"被发现时处于死亡状态"，而"dead"是形容词，符合此语法要求。 故选：B。 【即练3】His grandpa ______ two years ago. So he has been ______ for two years.（　　） A．dead；died B．died；death C．died；dead D．dead；dead 【答案】C 【详解】dead死的，形容词；died死了，过去式；death死，名词。根据" two years ago"（两年前）可知空格1填过去式died；根据"for two years"（两年）可知此处填dead"死的"，形容词表状态。 故选：C。 10. We heard people shouting. 我们听见人们在大喊。 【详解】 hear + 宾语 (people) + doing (shouting) 含义：听见某人正在做某事，强调动作当时正在发生。 · hear /hɪə(r)/v. 听见（感官动词） · shout /ʃaʊt/v. 呼喊，大叫；shouting 现在分词 两种感官动词固定句型对比 1. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做（动作进行中） We heard people shouting.我们当时听见人们一直在呼喊。 2. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事（全过程、经常性动作） I heard him shout.我听见他喊了一声（完整动作结束） 句子拆分 We（主语）+ heard（谓语，hear 过去式）+ people（宾语）+ shouting（宾语补足语） 同类感官动词（see /watch/notice 用法完全一样） · see sb. doing 看见某人正在…… · watch sb. doing 注视某人正在…… · notice sb. doing 注意到某人正在…… 【典例】On my way home，I always hear some boys ________ happily in the park.（　　） A． laugh B． to laugh C． laughing D． laughed 【答案】A 【详解】laugh笑，动词。选项A是动词原形；选项B是动词不定式；选项C是动词的ing形式；选项D是过去式或过去分词。hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行；hear sb do sth经常听到某人做某事或事情的全过程。根据句中的always（总是）"可知，应使用hear sb do sth句型结构。 故选：A。 【即练1】Every morning I get up and I can always hear the birds________.（　　） A．sings B．sing C．to sing D．are singing 【答案】B 【详解】A.唱歌，动词第三人称单数形式，B.唱歌，动词原形，C.唱歌，动词不定式，D.在唱歌，现在进行时，hear sb/sth doing/do听见某人/某物做……，固定搭配，此处指经常听到，空处用动词原形作宾语补足语。 故选：B。 【即练2】I often see my brother soccer with his friends on weekends.（　　） A．play B．to play C．plays D. palying 【答案】A 【详解】see sb do sth表示"看到某人做某事的全过程"，或"看到某人经常做某事"（强调动作的经常性、习惯性）；see sb doing sth表示"看到某人正在做某事"（强调动作正在进行）。题干中有时间状语 often（经常）和on weekends（在周末），说明动作是习惯性的，因此用see sb do sth结构，用动词原形作宾补。to play不符合感官动词后接不定式作宾补的用法；plays是第三人称单数形式，不能直接作 see 的宾补，因此都是错误的。 故选：A。 一、单项选择 1．—I didn't see you in the dining hall. But you said you would come! —I am really sorry about that. I ________ Mr Zhang carry books then.（　　） A．have helped B．am helping C．was helping D．will help 【答案】C 【详解】have helped是现在完成时；am helping是现在进行时；was helping是过去进行时；will help是一般将来时。根据句意和时间状语then（那时）可知，此句表述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，要用过去进行时。 故选：C。 2．—We should put on thick coats the temperature drops，or we might catch a cold. —Good advice! Being prepared is always better than getting sick.（　　） A．since B．though C．unless D．until 【答案】A 【详解】since因为；though虽然；unless除非；until直到。结合句意，可知因为气温下降，我们应该穿上厚外套，用since引导原因状语从句。 故选：A。 3．Keep______，and we should listen to the tape ______.（　　） A．silent；silently B．in silent；silently C．in silence；in silence D．silently；silently 【答案】A 【详解】silent安静的，形容词；silently安静地，副词；in silence安静地。第一个空格前是"Keep"，这是一个系动词，后面通常接形容词或名词作表语。第二空需用副词silently修饰动词短语listen to the tape（听录音带）。 故选：A。 4．Clean energy is widely accepted as an important way to ______environmental problems.（　　） A．deal with B．begin with C．pick up D．take up 【答案】A 【详解】deal with处理；begin with以......开始；pick up捡起；take up占据。根据Clean energy（清洁能源）和environmental problems"环境问题"可知，是处理环境问题，应填deal with。 故选：A。 5． When the girl found herself trapped in the dark，she screamed ______.（　　） A．in fear B．with excitement C．with joy D．in surprise 【答案】A 【详解】in fear惊恐地，恐惧地；with excitement兴奋地；with joy高兴地；in surprise惊奇地，都是介词短语。根据语境trapped in the dark（被困在黑暗中），最符合逻辑的反应是出于恐惧（fear），而非兴奋、喜悦或惊讶。其他选项与危险情境下的自然反应不符。 故选：A。 6．—What should I do when the flood happens，Dad？ —It's important to _______first and then get to high ground and stay there.（　　） A．come down B．put down C．calm down D．fall down 【答案】C 【详解】A.下来；B.放下；C.冷静下来；D.掉下。根据题干，可知是指﹣爸爸，洪水来临时我该怎么办？﹣首先冷静下来，然后到高处呆在那里是很重要的。 故选：C。 7．—We must keep in mind e﹣bikes are not allowed to go upstairs and charge at home. —Yes! The fire happened last month in Nanjing took many lives away. The firemen worked hard to ________ the fire.（　　） A．put out B．put in C．put up D．put on 【答案】A 【详解】put out扑灭；put in做，放入；put up张贴；put on穿上。结合语境和空后的the fire（火灾）可知，空格处表示"扑灭"，其它选项语意不通。 故选：A。 8．—Have you watched China in Classics on CCTV﹣1 recently？ — Yes. It brings Chinese ancient books _______ on screen.（　　） A．live B．alive C．living D．lively 【答案】B 【详解】live生活，现场直播；alive活的，常做表语；living活的，常做定语；lively生机勃勃的。bing...alive"使......复活。 故选：B。 9．I was walking in the park with my friend ______ the storm started.（　　） A．when B．while C．before D．if 【答案】A 【详解】A当……时，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。B当……时候，在……期间。引导时间状语从句。表示某一段时间内发生的动作，所以从句的谓语动词通常使用延续性动词。C在……之前。引导时间状语从句。D如果。引导条件状语从句。"当暴风雨来临时"和"我正在公园和朋友散步"是同时发生的，所以选when。 故答案为：A。 10．—Our parents often us not to talk with strangers on the Internet. —That's true. As teenagers，we should learn to protect ourselves.（　　） A． warn B． invite C． control D． promise 【答案】A 【详解】warn警告；invite邀请；control控制；promise承诺。分析所给词汇可知，这里是：父母"警告（warn）"我们不要在网上和陌生人交谈。 故选：A。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Sorry，I couldn't hear your phone because the heavy rain 　 　 （beat） against the windows. 【答案】was beating 【详解】根据"I couldn't hear your phone"可知对方打电话时雨正敲打着窗户，用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing，主语"the heavy rain"是不可数名词，be动词用was，beat的现在分词形式为beating。 故填：was beating。 2．We are looking for somebody with a clear sense of 　 　 （direct）. 【答案】direction 【详解】direct直接的，形容词。a sense of direction"方向感"，名词短语，填名词direction"方向"。 故答案为：direction。 3．We 　 　 （watch） TV while my mother 　 　 （read） books at this time last night. 【答案】were watching；was reading 【详解】根据at this time last night（昨晚这个时候）可知，本句要用过去进行时，其结构为was/were +doing，主语的主语是we，所以be动词要用were，从句的主语是my mother，所以be动词要用was。 故填：were watching；was reading。 4． Many people talk about connections between courage and 　 　 （fear）. 【答案】fear 【详解】根据Many people talk about connections between courage and….（很多人谈论勇气和……之间的联系。）可知，此处是说"很多人谈论勇气和恐惧之间的联系。"fear"恐惧"符合题意，是不可数名词。 故填：fear。 5．There will be a talk on 　 　 （nature）disasters in the school hall this afternoon. 【答案】natural 【详解】空格后面的词语是名词，所以要用形容词natural来填空，作定语，修饰名词。 故填：natural。 6．Tom was doing homework in his bedroom. 　 　 （sudden），he heard a sound outside the window. 【答案】Suddenly 【详解】根据题干，可知，sudden"突然的"，形容词，此处应填副词suddenly"突然"修饰整个句子，位于句首首字母需要大写。 故填：Suddenly。 7．We should learn from Tom's bravery when facing an 　 　 （emergent）. 【答案】emergency 【详解】emergent新兴的，形容词。空前不定冠词an修饰单数名词emergency"紧急情况"。 故答案为：emergency。 8．"Oh，it's time to have supper. Where can I get my food？"she said to 　 　 （she）. 【答案】herself 【详解】固定搭配say to oneself自言自语，she要用herself她自己。 故填：herself。 9．People are proud of the 　 　 because they put out the fire in a short time. （fireman） 【答案】firemen 【详解】fireman"消防员"，可数名词。根据they"他们"可知，此处应用其复数形式firemen。 故答案为：firemen。 10．Luckily，no one was 　 　 （bad）hurt in this car accident. 【答案】badly 【详解】句子中修饰动词使用副词形式badly。 故填badly。 三、阅读理解 One Saturday Maria and I had a 30﹣mile bike ride. It seemed perfect. We started at 7：00 a.m.in beautiful spring weather. At 10：30 a.m.，when we stopped for a rest，we both felt wonderful. And then a brisk wind came. That was when our perfect day began to change. By noon，we knew a serious thunderstorm was blowing our way. Dark clouds rolled up our of the southwest. A stinging wind burned our faces. There was no way to stay out of the storm. We would have to wait it out，but where？ Then things went from bad to worse. The temperature dropped suddenly. I looked up and saw the sky now turned dark green. Trees and crops were bent over by the wind. No animals were in sight. Then a blue car stopped beside our bikes. The driver shouted， "Get in!" She looked frightened，and so did we. We did as she said. That was when the hail（冰雹）started. Ice，the size of golf balls，hit the windows of the car. She drove fast to the north. Maria and I looked back at the black sky. Maria screamed， "Tornado（龙卷风）!" It was so close that I could see trees，doors，and all kinds of other things that this monster swallowed（吞）. My heart moved up to my throat and was beating so hard，I thought it would jump out of my body. I had never been so frightened. We would never run faster than the tornado! The driver turned to us and said calmly， "There's an overpass（立交桥）ahead. We'll stay under it for protection." When we parked，we jumped out of the car and ran to the wall of the overpass. Before I could count to 20，there came a loud noise. It sounded like a train passing overhead. Then，suddenly，it was over. We had made it. Soon we were all laughing with relief（轻松）.We were shaken but excited. What a story I would have to tell at school. （1）What was the writer doing on the day of the tornado？ 　 　 A．Resting at home. B．Playing outside. C．Riding a bike. D．Driving a car. （2）What happened first when the tornado began？ 　 　 A．Dark clouds rolled up. B．The hail came suddenly. C．The temperature dropped. D．Animals ran out of the sight. （3）What is the righter order of the story？ 　 　 ①The woman drove to the overpass. ②Maria and I had a bike ride. ③A thunderstorm was blowing our way. ④Ice hit the windows of the car. ⑤We got into a woman's car. A． ②﹣③﹣①﹣④﹣⑤ B． ②﹣③﹣⑤﹣④﹣① C． ③﹣①﹣②﹣⑤﹣④ D． ③﹣②﹣①﹣④﹣⑤ （4）How did the kids feel when it was all over？ 　 　 A．Tired and nervous. B．Afraid but excited. C．Worried but lucky. D．Sad and surprised. 【答案】CABB 【详解】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段One Saturday Maria and I had a 30﹣mile bike ride.在星期天玛利亚和我骑了30英里的自行车，可知龙卷风那天作者在骑自行车。故选C。 （2）A.细节推理题。根据第五段Maria and I looked back at the black sky.Maria screamed， "Tornado（龙卷风）!"玛丽亚和我回头望着漆黑的天空。玛丽亚尖叫，"龙卷风"，据此推断在龙卷风开始的时候乌云密布。故选A。 （3）B.顺序排列题。根据第一段One Saturday Maria and I had a 30﹣mile bike ride.在星期天玛利亚和我骑了30英里的自行车，根据第二段By noon，we knew a serious thunderstorm was blowing our way.到了中午，我们知道一场大雷雨正朝我们袭来，根据第四段The driver shouted， "Get in!" She looked frightened，and so did we.We did as she said.Ice，the size of golf balls，hit the windows of the car.司机喊道："上车!"她看上去很害怕，我们也一样。我们照她说的做了。高尔夫球大小的冰块砸在了车窗上。根据第六段The driver turned to us and said calmly， "There's an overpass（立交桥）ahead.司机转向我们，平静地说："前面有个立交桥。"可知正确的顺序是②﹣③﹣⑤﹣④﹣①。故选B。 （4）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段We were shaken but excited.可知作者和玛利亚感到害怕和兴奋。故选B。 四、语法填空 Over the years，movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. A tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds（速度） about 100 metres per second，and （1）　 　 （travel） a long distance. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes.（2）　 　 （sad），tornadoes kill many people every year. Scientists can't go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As （3）　 　 result，it is still （4）　 　 （certain） how tornadoes form and die.（5）　 　 （tell） how strong a tornado is，scientists look at how much damage it causes and show the levels on the EF﹣Scale （6）　 　 EF0 to EF5.For example，if a tornado only damages trees，it will be at the level of EF0，while a tornado at the （7）　 　 （strong）level of EF5 blows away buildings with a wind speed of over 100 metres per second. （8）　 　 tornadoes can happen very quickly，make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find （9）　 　 （you） meeting a tornado，calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for （10）　 　 （protect）.Also，stay away from windows and heavy things，or they may fall on you. 【答案】（1）travels（2）Sadly（3）a（4）uncertain（5）To tell（6）from（7）strongest（8）Because（9）yourself（10）protection 【详解】（1）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：它通常风速约为每秒100米，并且会移动很长的距离。主语 "It" 指代龙卷风，为第三人称单数，且前半句谓语 "has" 为一般现在时，and连接并列谓语，故此处需填travel的第三人称单数形式travels。故填travels。 （2）考查副词。句意：令人难过的是，龙卷风每年夺去许多人的生命。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，sad的副词形式为sadly，句首首字母大写。故填Sadly。 （3）考查冠词。句意：结果，龙卷风是如何形成和消失的仍然不确定。as a result为固定短语，意为 "结果"。故填a。 （4）考查形容词。句意：结果，龙卷风是如何形成和消失的仍然不确定。根据前文 "Scientists can't go inside tornadoes.That means tornadoes are very hard to study." （科学家无法进入龙卷风。这意味着龙卷风很难研究。）可知，龙卷风难以研究，因此其形成和消失的方式仍不明确，certain的反义词为uncertain，意为 "不确定的"。故填uncertain。 （5）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了判断龙卷风有多强，科学家们观察它造成的破坏程度，并在EF等级表上从EF0到EF5显示等级。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，句首首字母大写。故填To tell。 （6）考查介词。句意：为了判断龙卷风有多强，科学家们观察它造成的破坏程度，并在EF等级表上从EF0到EF5显示等级。from...to...为固定搭配，意为 "从……到……"。故填from。 （7）考查形容词最高级。句意：例如，如果一场龙卷风只损坏树木，它将处于EF0等级，而最强等级EF5的龙卷风会以超过每秒100米的风速吹走建筑物。根据 "EF5" 及语境可知，此处指最强等级，strong的最高级为strongest。故填strongest。 （8）考查连词。句意：因为龙卷风发生得很快，所以确保你知道面对它们时该怎么做。空格前后句为因果关系，前句为因，用because引导原因状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Because。 （9）考查反身代词。句意：当你发现自己遇到龙卷风时，冷静下来，试着在室内找到一个安全的地方。此处主语为you，宾语与主语一致，用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 （10）考查名词。句意：双手放在后脑勺保护自己。for为介词，后接名词，protect的名词形式为protection。故填protection。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $