Unit2 Inspiring People词汇笔记2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

九年级上册 Unit 2 词汇解析 重点标注：★★★ 核心重点 ★★ 次重点 ★ 一般 | 中考考点标注：📌 高频考点 1. inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演讲 inspiring story 励志故事 inspiring words 激励人心的话语 例句： The teacher gave an inspiring speech that encouraged us to follow our dreams. This is an inspiring story about a young man who overcame many difficulties. 中考考点： inspiring（令人鼓舞的，修饰物）与 inspired（受到鼓舞的，修饰人）辨析。 2. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 钦佩；赞赏 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩某人 admire the view 欣赏景色 admire one's courage 钦佩某人的勇气 例句： I admire her for her hard work and determination. Visitors from all over the world come to admire the beauty of the Great Wall. 中考考点： admire sb for (doing) sth 是常考结构，词性转换：admire v. → admiration n. 钦佩。 3. historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/ n. 历史学家 ★★ 拓展短语： famous historian 著名历史学家 local historian 地方史学家 historian's view 历史学家的观点 例句： The historian spent years studying the ancient civilization. Many historians believe that the Silk Road played an important role in world history. 4. researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ n. 研究人员 ★★ 拓展短语： scientific researcher 科研人员 medical researcher 医学研究员 a team of researchers 一组研究人员 例句： The researchers are working on a new treatment for the disease. Researchers have found that regular exercise is good for mental health. 5. chemist /ˈkemɪst/ n. 化学家 ★★ 拓展短语： famous chemist 著名化学家 research chemist 研究化学家 chemist's shop 药店（英式英语） 例句： Marie Curie was a famous chemist and physicist. The chemist discovered a new element in the experiment. 6. physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/ n. 物理学家 ★★ 拓展短语： nuclear physicist 核物理学家 theoretical physicist 理论物理学家 famous physicist 著名物理学家 例句： Albert Einstein was one of the greatest physicists in history. The physicist explained the theory of relativity to the students. 7. hunger /ˈhʌŋgə(r)/ n. 饥饿 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： die of hunger 饿死 satisfy one's hunger 充饥 hunger for 渴望 world hunger 世界饥饿问题 例句： Many people in the world still suffer from hunger. The little boy had a strong hunger for knowledge. 中考考点： hunger（名词"饥饿"）与 hungry（形容词"饥饿的"）词性转换。 8. chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学 ★★ 拓展短语： chemistry teacher 化学老师 chemistry experiment 化学实验 chemistry lab 化学实验室 study chemistry 学习化学 例句： We did an interesting chemistry experiment in class today. She wants to study chemistry at university. 9. drop out (of sth) 辍学；不再参加 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： drop out of school 辍学 drop out of society 脱离社会 drop out of the race 退出比赛 例句： He had to drop out of school because his family couldn't afford the fees. Many students drop out of the competition due to lack of confidence. 中考考点： drop out of school（辍学）是常考短语，教育类话题高频。 10. calendar /ˈkælɪndə(r)/ n. 日历 ★★ 拓展短语： lunar calendar 农历 wall calendar 挂历 calendar year 日历年度 mark on the calendar 在日历上标记 例句： The Spring Festival is based on the lunar calendar. I marked my birthday on the calendar so I wouldn't forget. 11. discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： make a discovery 做出发现 scientific discovery 科学发现 important discovery 重要发现 discovery of ……的发现 例句： The discovery of penicillin saved millions of lives. Scientists have made an important discovery about climate change. 中考考点： 词性转换：discover v. → discovery n. → discoverer n. 发现者 12. century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： in the 21st century 在21世纪 for centuries 几个世纪以来 turn of the century 世纪之交 half a century 半个世纪 例句： The 20th century saw great technological progress. This building has stood here for centuries. 13. wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/ adj. 受伤的；负伤的 ★★ 拓展短语： wounded soldier 受伤的士兵 wounded in the leg 腿部受伤 wounded feelings 受伤的感情 the wounded 伤员 例句： The wounded soldier was sent to the hospital immediately. The doctor treated the wounded carefully. 14. soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵 ★★ 拓展短语： brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 become a soldier 成为士兵 soldier's duty 士兵的职责 例句： The soldiers fought bravely to protect their country. Many young soldiers lost their lives in the war. 15. British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj. 英国的；英国人的 n. 英国人 ★★ 拓展短语： British English 英式英语 British culture 英国文化 the British 英国人（总称） British accent 英国口音 例句： She speaks British English with a London accent. The British are known for their love of tea. 16. airway /ˈeəweɪ/ n. (飞机的)航线；航路 ★ 拓展短语： airway route 航线 British Airways 英国航空公司 airway transportation 航空运输 例句： The airline has opened a new airway to Europe. Airway safety is very important for all passengers. 17. nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家；民族 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： the United Nations 联合国 nation-wide 全国范围的 developed nation 发达国家 developing nation 发展中国家 例句： China is a great nation with a long history. The United Nations works to maintain world peace. 中考考点： 词性转换：nation n. → national adj. 国家的 → nationality n. 国籍 18. spread /spred/ n.&v. (spread, spread) 传播；散布 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： spread to 传播到 spread out 展开；分散 spread the news 传播消息 prevent the spread of 防止……的传播 例句： The news spread quickly through the whole school. We should wash our hands to prevent the spread of germs. 中考考点： 词形变化：spread - spread - spread（AAA型），常考 spread 作动词的用法。 19. disease /dɪˈziːz/ n. 疾病 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： heart disease 心脏病 catch a disease 患病 prevent disease 预防疾病 spread disease 传播疾病 例句： Regular exercise can help prevent many diseases. The doctor has been studying this disease for many years. 中考考点： disease（具体疾病名称）与 illness（生病状态）辨析。 20. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ n. 先驱；先锋 ★★ 拓展短语： pioneer in 在……方面的先驱 young pioneer 少先队员 pioneer spirit 开拓精神 例句： Yuan Longping was a pioneer in rice research. The pioneers opened up new lands in the American West. 21. admirable /ˈædmərəbl/ adj. 令人钦佩的 ★★ 拓展短语： admirable quality 令人钦佩的品质 admirable effort 值得称赞的努力 admirable achievement 令人钦佩的成就 例句： His courage in the face of danger was admirable. She made admirable progress in her English studies. 22. pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ n. 金字塔 ★ 拓展短语： the Pyramids of Egypt 埃及金字塔 pyramid scheme 金字塔骗局 pyramid structure 金字塔结构 例句： The pyramids in Egypt are one of the seven wonders of the world. Thousands of tourists visit the pyramids every year. 23. balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： keep a balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 balance between A and B A和B之间的平衡 work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡 例句： It's important to keep a balance between study and rest. The dancer kept her balance on one foot for a long time. 中考考点： keep a balance between...and...（保持……和……之间的平衡）是写作高频短语。 24. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气；勇敢 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事 take courage 鼓起勇气 lose courage 失去勇气 gather courage 鼓起勇气 例句： She had the courage to speak in front of the whole school. It takes courage to admit your mistakes. 中考考点： 词性转换：courage n. → courageous adj. 勇敢的 → encourage v. 鼓励 25. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧；学问 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： wisdom of the ages 历代智慧 conventional wisdom 传统智慧 wisdom tooth 智齿 words of wisdom 至理名言 例句： With age comes wisdom and experience. The old man shared his wisdom with the young generation. 26. look up to sb 钦佩；仰慕 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： look up to sb as 把某人当作……敬仰 look up to one's parents 敬仰父母 a role model to look up to 值得敬仰的榜样 例句： Many young people look up to famous scientists like Yuan Longping. I have always looked up to my father as a role model. 中考考点： look up to（敬仰）与 look down on（轻视）是反义词短语，完形常考。 27. inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物) ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： draw inspiration from 从……中获得灵感 a source of inspiration 灵感的来源 find inspiration 找到灵感 give inspiration to 给……以鼓舞 例句： Her teacher was a great inspiration to her. Many artists draw inspiration from nature. 中考考点： 词性转换：inspire v. → inspiration n. → inspiring adj. 28. brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 v. 勇敢面对 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： be brave enough to do sth 足够勇敢做某事 brave the storm 勇敢面对风暴 brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 brave heart 勇敢的心 例句： The firefighters were brave enough to enter the burning building. She braved the heavy rain to go to school. 中考考点： 词性转换：brave adj. → bravery n. 勇敢 → bravely adv. 勇敢地 29. necessary /ˈnesəsəri/ adj. 必要的；必需的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： It is necessary for sb to do sth 某人有必要做某事 if necessary 如果有必要 necessary condition 必要条件 necessary skills 必备技能 例句： It is necessary for students to get enough sleep. If necessary, you can ask the teacher for help. 中考考点： It is necessary for sb to do sth 是中考写作高频句型。 30. seed /siːd/ n. 种子 ★★ 拓展短语： plant seeds 播种 grow from a seed 从种子长大 seed of hope 希望的种子 sow the seeds of 播下……的种子 例句： Farmers plant seeds in spring and harvest in autumn. Reading books sows the seeds of knowledge in children's minds. 31. childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ n. 童年 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： happy childhood 快乐的童年 childhood memories 童年回忆 childhood friend 童年朋友 in one's childhood 在某人的童年时期 例句： She has many happy memories of her childhood. My childhood friend and I still keep in touch. 中考考点： 词性转换：child n. → childhood n. 童年，后缀 -hood 表"时期、状态"。 32. come true 实现；成为现实 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： dream come true 梦想成真 make one's dream come true 使某人的梦想实现 wishes come true 愿望实现 例句： With hard work, your dream will come true one day. Winning the competition made his childhood dream come true. 中考考点： come true（梦想实现，不及物短语）与 realize（实现梦想，及物动词）辨析。 33. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 朝代；王朝 ★★ 拓展短语： Tang Dynasty 唐朝 Ming Dynasty 明朝 royal dynasty 皇室王朝 dynasty change 朝代更替 例句： The Tang Dynasty was a golden age of Chinese poetry. The Great Wall was built and rebuilt over many dynasties. 34. western /ˈwestən/ adj. 西方的；西部的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： western culture 西方文化 western countries 西方国家 western food 西餐 western part 西部 例句： Western food is becoming more popular in China. The western part of China is developing rapidly. 中考考点： 词性转换：west n. → western adj. → westerner n. 西方人 35. scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学(上)的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： scientific research 科学研究 scientific method 科学方法 scientific discovery 科学发现 scientific knowledge 科学知识 例句： Scientific research has improved our understanding of the world. We should make decisions based on scientific evidence. 中考考点： 词性转换：science n. → scientific adj. → scientist n. 科学家 36. biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生物学家 ★★ 拓展短语： marine biologist 海洋生物学家 wildlife biologist 野生动物学家 famous biologist 著名生物学家 例句： The biologist studied the behavior of wild animals in the forest. Many biologists are concerned about the loss of biodiversity. 37. whole /həʊl/ adj. 所有的；完全的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： the whole world 全世界 the whole day 一整天 as a whole 总体上 on the whole 总的来说 例句： I spent the whole day reading this interesting book. On the whole, the project was a great success. 中考考点： the whole + n.（整个……）与 all the + n.（所有……）的语序区别。 38. bank /bæŋk/ n. 银行 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： bank account 银行账户 bank card 银行卡 save money in the bank 把钱存在银行 river bank 河岸 例句： I need to go to the bank to withdraw some money. The children played on the river bank. 中考考点： 一词多义：bank 既可指"银行"，也可指"河岸"。 39. forever /fərˈevə(r)/ adv. 永远 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： last forever 永远持续 love sb forever 永远爱某人 forever young 永远年轻 take forever 花很长时间 例句： Nothing lasts forever, so cherish what you have. The beautiful memories will stay in my heart forever. 40. radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n. 无线电；收音机 ★★ 拓展短语： listen to the radio 听收音机 on the radio 在广播中 radio station 广播电台 radio program 广播节目 例句： My grandfather likes listening to the radio in the morning. The news on the radio said there would be heavy rain tomorrow. 41. leave behind 留下；遗留 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： leave behind a memory 留下回忆 leave behind one's hometown 离开家乡 be left behind 被落下；落后 leave behind a legacy 留下遗产 例句： Don't leave behind any rubbish when you leave the park. He left behind his family and went to study abroad. 中考考点： leave behind 是"动词+副词"型短语，代词放中间：leave it behind。 42. collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收集物；收藏品 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： stamp collection 集邮 art collection 艺术收藏 a collection of 一批……的收藏 coin collection 硬币收藏 例句： My grandfather has a large collection of old coins. The museum has a fine collection of Chinese paintings. 中考考点： 词性转换：collect v. → collection n. → collector n. 收藏家 43. live on 继续存在；继续活着 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： live on in one's heart 活在某人心中 live on memories 靠回忆活着 live on after death 死后继续存在 例句： Although the great scientist passed away, his spirit lives on. The tradition has lived on for hundreds of years. 中考考点： live on（继续存在）与 live on sth（以……为食/为生）是不同含义。 44. exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： space exploration 太空探索 ocean exploration 海洋探索 scientific exploration 科学探索 exploration of ……的探索 例句： Space exploration has helped us learn more about the universe. The exploration of the ocean depths is still a challenge for scientists. 中考考点： 词性转换：explore v. → exploration n. → explorer n. 探险家 45. universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/ n. 宇宙 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： the universe 宇宙 in the universe 在宇宙中 the center of the universe 宇宙的中心 explore the universe 探索宇宙 例句： Scientists are still trying to understand the mysteries of the universe. The universe is so vast that we have only explored a small part of it. 46. socialism /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n. 社会主义 ★ 拓展短语： socialism with Chinese characteristics 中国特色社会主义 build socialism 建设社会主义 socialist system 社会主义制度 例句： China is building socialism with Chinese characteristics. The socialist system has brought great changes to our country. 47. hole /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔 ★★ 拓展短语： dig a hole 挖洞 a hole in the wall 墙上的洞 fill a hole 填洞 rabbit hole 兔子洞 例句： The dog dug a hole in the garden to bury its bone. There is a small hole in my sock. 48. daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ n. 女儿 ★★ 拓展短语： only daughter 独生女 daughter-in-law 儿媳 little daughter 小女儿 例句： My daughter is learning to play the piano. She is the daughter of a famous writer. 49. herself /hɜːˈself/ pron. 她自己；她本人 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： by herself 独自；她亲自 enjoy herself 玩得开心 teach herself 自学 introduce herself 自我介绍 例句： She learned English all by herself. She enjoyed herself at the party last night. 中考考点： 反身代词常考固定搭配：by oneself、enjoy oneself、teach oneself。 50. flight /flaɪt/ n. 飞行；航班 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： book a flight 预订航班 flight number 航班号 direct flight 直飞航班 take a flight 乘飞机 例句： We took a direct flight from Beijing to Shanghai. The flight was delayed because of the bad weather. 51. woodwork /ˈwʊdwɜːk/ n. 木工手艺 ★ 拓展短语： do woodwork 做木工活 woodwork class 木工课 woodwork skills 木工技能 例句： My grandfather is good at woodwork and makes beautiful furniture. The school offers a woodwork class for students. 52. inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 ★★ 拓展短语： famous inventor 著名发明家 great inventor 伟大的发明家 inventor of ……的发明者 例句： Thomas Edison was a great inventor who created the light bulb. The young inventor won a prize for his new machine. 中考考点： 词性转换：invent v. → invention n. 发明 → inventor n. 发明家 53. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： above all = most importantly above all else 最重要的是 例句： Above all, you should believe in yourself and never give up. He is kind, honest, and above all, hard-working. 中考考点： above all 是写作中用于强调最重要内容的高频过渡短语。 54. thinker /ˈθɪŋkə(r)/ n. 思想家 ★★ 拓展短语： great thinker 伟大的思想家 political thinker 政治思想家 Chinese thinker 中国思想家 例句： Confucius was a great thinker in ancient China. The thinker's ideas still influence people today. 55. period /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；一段时间 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： a period of time 一段时间 in the period of 在……时期 short period 短时间 historical period 历史时期 例句： The Spring and Autumn Period was an important time in Chinese history. I will stay here for a short period of time. 56. kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国 ★★ 拓展短语： the United Kingdom 英国 animal kingdom 动物王国 plant kingdom 植物王国 kingdom of heaven 天国 例句： The United Kingdom is made up of four countries. The lion is called the king of the animal kingdom. 57. kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： out of kindness 出于善意 an act of kindness 善举 treat sb with kindness 善待某人 kindness to 对……的善意 例句： A small act of kindness can make a big difference. She is known for her kindness to everyone around her. 中考考点： 词性转换：kind adj. → kindness n. 善良，后缀 -ness 将形容词变为名词。 58. whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： whether...or not 是否 whether or not 无论是否 whether...or... 是……还是…… 例句： I don't know whether he will come to the party. Whether you like it or not, you have to finish the work. 中考考点： whether 与 if 辨析：whether 可与 or not 连用、可用于介词后、可用于不定式前。 59. mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n. 人类 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： for the good of mankind 为了人类的利益 the history of mankind 人类历史 benefit mankind 造福人类 例句： Science and technology have brought great benefits to mankind. It is our duty to protect the environment for all mankind. 60. Michael Faraday 迈克尔·法拉第 ★ 拓展短语： famous scientist 著名科学家 discoverer of electricity 电的发现者 例句： Michael Faraday was a famous British scientist who discovered electricity. Michael Faraday's discoveries changed the world. 61. Marie Curie 玛丽·居里 ★ 拓展短语： Nobel Prize winner 诺贝尔奖得主 famous female scientist 著名女科学家 例句： Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. Marie Curie discovered radium and polonium. 62. Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖 ★ 拓展短语： win the Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖 Nobel Prize winner 诺贝尔奖得主 Nobel Prize in Literature 诺贝尔文学奖 例句： Many great scientists have won the Nobel Prize for their discoveries. Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012. 63. Isaac Newton 艾萨克·牛顿 ★ 拓展短语： great physicist 伟大的物理学家 Newton's law 牛顿定律 discover gravity 发现万有引力 例句： Isaac Newton discovered the law of gravity when an apple fell on his head. Isaac Newton is considered one of the greatest scientists in history. 64. Isambard Brunel 伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔 ★ 拓展短语： famous engineer 著名工程师 railway builder 铁路建设者 例句： Isambard Brunel was a famous British engineer. He designed many important bridges and railways. 65. Alan Turing 阿兰·图灵 ★ 拓展短语： computer scientist 计算机科学家 father of AI 人工智能之父 例句： Alan Turing is known as the father of computer science. Alan Turing's work laid the foundation for modern computers. 66. I. M. Pei 贝聿铭 ★ 拓展短语： famous architect 著名建筑师 Chinese-American architect 美籍华裔建筑师 例句： I. M. Pei was a world-famous Chinese-American architect. He designed the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum. 67. Louvre Museum 卢浮宫博物馆 ★ 拓展短语： the Louvre 卢浮宫 visit the Louvre 参观卢浮宫 Louvre art collection 卢浮宫艺术收藏 例句： The Louvre Museum in Paris is one of the largest museums in the world. The Mona Lisa is kept in the Louvre Museum. 68. Confucius /kənˈfjuːʃəs/ 孔子 ★ 拓展短语： Confucius' teachings 孔子的教诲 Confucius said 孔子说 Confucius Institute 孔子学院 例句： Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China. Confucius' ideas have influenced Chinese culture for thousands of years. 69. Victor Hugo 维克多·雨果 ★ 拓展短语： French writer 法国作家 Les Miserables 《悲惨世界》 The Hunchback of Notre Dame 《巴黎圣母院》 例句： Victor Hugo was a famous French writer and poet. Les Miserables is one of Victor Hugo's most famous works. 70. Western Regions 西域 ★ 拓展短语： the Western Regions 西域 trade with the Western Regions 与西域的贸易 例句： The Silk Road connected China with the Western Regions. The Western Regions played an important role in cultural exchange. 71. the Silk Road 丝绸之路 ★ 拓展短语： along the Silk Road 沿着丝绸之路 Silk Road trade 丝绸之路贸易 the Maritime Silk Road 海上丝绸之路 例句： The Silk Road was an important trade route between China and the West. The Silk Road promoted cultural exchange between different civilizations. 72. Irene /aɪˈriːni/ 艾琳 ★ 拓展短语： Irene Curie 伊雷娜·居里 scientist 科学家 例句： Irene was the daughter of Marie Curie. Like her mother, Irene also became a scientist. 73. Amelia Earhart 阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特 ★ 拓展短语： female pilot 女飞行员 aviation pioneer 航空先驱 例句： Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Amelia Earhart disappeared during her flight around the world. 74. Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 ★ 拓展短语： across the Atlantic Ocean 横跨大西洋 the Atlantic 大西洋 Atlantic coast 大西洋海岸 例句： The ship sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe to America. The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. 75. BCE /ˌbiː siː ˈiː/ 公元前 ★ 拓展短语： BCE = Before the Common Era in 500 BCE 公元前500年 例句： Confucius was born in 551 BCE. The Great Wall was first built in the 7th century BCE. 76. the Warring States Period 战国时期 ★ 拓展短语： during the Warring States Period 在战国时期 seven warring states 战国七雄 例句： The Warring States Period was a time of conflict in ancient China. Many great thinkers lived during the Warring States Period. 第 1 页 共 27 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $