Unit 2 Section B 单词讲义 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“令人敬佩的人”主题，系统梳理形容词（如scientific）、副词（如forever）、名词（如exploration、inventor）等核心词汇，涵盖词形变化（如science→scientific）、短语搭配（如space exploration）及固定短语（如live on），构建从词汇积累到语用能力的学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合多元练习与文化渗透，通过阅读还原（刘家琨事迹）、语篇填空（宇航员故事）、任务型阅读（竺可桢生平）等活动，提升语言能力，培养文化意识（家国情怀）和思维品质（分析人物特质）。课中助力分层教学，课后辅助查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A What makes people admirable? 一、形容词 adj. 1. scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/adj. 科学（上）的 →science n. 科学；scientist n. 科学家 【短语】：scientific research 科学研究；scientific method 科学方法 【例句】：We need scientific ways to solve this problem.我们需要科学方法来解决这个问题。 2. whole /həʊl/adj. 所有的；完全的 →wholly adv. 完整地，全部地 【短语】：the whole day 一整天；the whole country 全国 【例句】：He spent the whole morning reading books.他一整个上午都在看书。 二、副词 adv. 1. forever /fəˈrevə(r)/adv. 永远 【短语】：live forever 永生；remember sb. forever 永远铭记某人 【例句】：Her kindness will stay in our hearts forever.她的善意会永远留在我们心中。 三、名词 n. 1. bank /bæŋk/n. 银行 【短语】：go to the bank 去银行；bank card 银行卡 【例句】：I need to go to the bank to deposit money.我要去银行存钱。 2. radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/n. 无线电；收音机 【短语】：on the radio 通过广播；listen to the radio 听收音机 【例句】：I often listen to news on the radio.我经常收听广播新闻。 3. collection /kəˈlekʃn/n. 收集物；收藏品 →collect v. 收集；collector n. 收藏家 【短语】：a stamp collection 集邮；art collection 艺术品收藏 【例句】：His coin collection is very valuable.他收藏的钱币十分珍贵。 4. exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/n. 探索 →explore v. 探索；explorer n. 探险家 【短语】：space exploration 太空探索；the exploration of the ocean 海洋探索 【例句】：Human space exploration never stops.人类的太空探索从未停止。 5. universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/n. 宇宙 【短语】：the whole universe 整个宇宙；study the universe 研究宇宙 【例句】：Scientists are trying to know more about the universe.科学家正努力深入了解宇宙。 6. hole /həʊl/n. 洞；孔 【短语】：dig a hole 挖洞；a hole in the wall 墙上的洞 【例句】：There is a small hole on the bottom of the box.盒子底部有一个小洞。 7. daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/n. 女儿 对应词：son n. 儿子 【例句】：Her daughter is studying abroad now.她女儿目前在国外留学。 8. flight /flaɪt/n. 飞行；航班 →fly v. (flew, flown) 飞；搭乘航班 【短语】：take Flight 518 搭乘 518 次航班；a long flight 长途飞行 【例句】：My flight will take off in one hour.我的航班一小时后起飞。 9. woodwork /ˈwʊdwɜːk/n. 木工手艺 →wood n. 木头；wooden adj. 木制的 【例句】：His woodwork looks delicate and beautiful.他的木工制品精巧美观。 10. inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/n. 发明家 →invent v. 发明；invention n. 发明物 【短语】：a great inventor 伟大的发明家 【例句】：The inventor created a new kind of robot.这位发明家研制出了一款新型机器人。 11. thinker /ˈθɪŋkə(r)/n. 思想家 →think v. 思考；thought n. 思想 【例句】：Confucius is one of the greatest ancient thinkers.孔子是伟大的古代思想家之一。 12. period /ˈpɪəriəd/n. 时期；一段时间 【短语】：a long period of time 很长一段时间；a historical period 历史时期 【例句】：He stayed abroad for a period of three years.他在国外待了三年时间。 13. kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/n. 王国 【短语】：the United Kingdom 英国；a small kingdom 小王国 【例句】：This old kingdom has a long history.这个古老王国历史悠久。 14. kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/n. 善良 →kind adj. 善良的；kindly adv. 友善地 【短语】：thank sb. for one’s kindness 感谢某人的善意 【例句】：Her kindness helped many poor children.她的善心帮助了很多贫困孩子。 15. mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/n. 人类 近义词：human beings 【例句】：Mankind has made great progress in technology.人类在科技上取得了巨大进步。 四、代词 pron. 1.herself /hɜːˈself/pron. 她自己；她本人 →she 主格；her 宾格 / 形容词性物主代词；hers 名词性物主代词 【短语】：enjoy oneself 玩得开心；do sth. by oneself 独自做某事 【例句】：She finished the whole work all by herself.她独自一人完成了全部工作。 五、连词 conj. 1.whether /ˈweðə(r)/conj. 是否 同义：if（宾语从句中可互换，介词后只能用 whether） 【短语】：whether … or not 是否；whether to do sth. 是否做某事 【例句】：I don’t know whether he will come to the party.我不知道他是否会来参加派对。 六、固定短语 1.leave behind 留下；遗留 【例句】：He left his old photos behind in the old house.他把老照片留在了老房子里。 2.live on 继续存在；继续活着；靠…… 为生 【例句】：The great spirit lives on in our hearts forever.伟大的精神永远留存我们心中。 3.above all 最重要的是；尤其是 【例句】：Above all, you should keep calm in an emergency.最重要的是，紧急情况下要保持冷静。 基础提优练 新知特训 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The little girl hid ______ (she) under the bed so that others couldn’t find her. 2. Born in Shaoxing in 1881, Lu Xun was a famous writer and ______ (think). 3. Sally simply makes friends by showing her natural ______ (kind) and good sense of humor. 4. The ______ (collect) in Shaanxi History Museum include many valuable artworks from different historical periods. 5. The boy wants to make lots of useful ______ and become a great ______ like Thomas Edison. (invent) 二、从方框中选择合适的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空（有一项多余） explore science socialism above all biology forever 1. As we all know, China’s deep-sea ______ has already entered a new period. 2. Darwin, who studied plants and animals around the world, was a great ______. 3. We should protect the wild animals as soon as possible, or many of them may disappear ______. 4. He is kind to everyone and ______, he always lends a hand whenever others are in trouble. 5. A lot of ______ studies have proved that dinosaurs are the ancestors of the modern birds. 三、根据语境，用适当的虚词盲填 1. She always helps others, ______ they are friends or strangers. 2. The mouse quickly disappeared ______ the hole under the cupboard. 3. After a period ______ physical training, he has become stronger than ever. 4. The scientists have a strong desire to explore the mysteries of ______ universe. 5. He makes a decision to fight ______ enemies to protect his family and home. 四、完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子 1.这些古老的习俗在一些偏远的村庄仍然继续存在。 These old customs still ____________________ in some remote villages. 2.我爷爷擅长木工手艺，并且给我们留下了许多漂亮的木制玩具。 My grandpa was ____________________ and ____________________ many beautiful wooden toys for us. 3.早间广播说她女儿从巴黎起飞的航班因大雾延迟了。 The morning ____________________ says her ____________________ from Paris was delayed due to heavy fog. 4.整个人类应该携手合作，保护我们共同的家园 —— 地球。 ____________________ should work together to protect our common home—the Earth. 5.不管这个项目难还是容易，我们必须尽我们最大努力完成它。 ____________________ the project is difficult ______ easy, we must try our best to finish it. 五、【陕西中考趋势新题型】阅读还原：从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项多余） On March 4th, 2025, the Pritzker Architecture Prize was given to 69-year-old Liu Jiakun. The prize, which was set up in 1979, is the highest prize in architecture. Liu is the fifty-fourth winner of this award. 1. ______ Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012. Liu is famous for designing public spaces in cities. He always creates places for people to gather and enjoy nature. 2. ______ This five-floor building was built in 2015. It features (以…… 为特色) paths for walking and biking. Inside, there are spaces for culture, sports and business. It also offers a beautiful view of local natural and man-made environments. Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu spent much of his childhood exploring the hospital where his mother worked. He loved climbing onto rooftops to see the city’s mix of traditional homes and modern buildings. 3. ______ As an architect, Liu doesn’t want a strong personal style. 4. ______ So, he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs. He also tries to balance China’s traditional architecture with modern technology. “Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time,” Liu said. 5. ______ Liu also believes that cities should be places for people, not just buildings. Only in this way can a city grow in a healthy way. A. These early experiences shaped his interest in architecture. B. Architects around the world don’t want to get this award. C. He is the second Chinese citizen to receive the prize. D. Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions. E. However, he spends much time studying famous Western buildings. F. He takes the best parts of tradition and presents them in a modern way. G. One of his best-known projects is the West Village in Chengdu. 六、【陕西中考趋势新题型】语篇填空 第一节：阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法性和语意连贯的要求在各题横线上填入一个适当的单词，使之通顺、完整。 Here is an interview summary of Christina Koch, a woman who broke the female (女性的) single spaceflight record. Christina Koch(CK) is always inspired 1. ______ many true stories of leadership. These stories help her to be stronger. In her astronaut training, spacewalk training is her favourite part. It requires a lot of physical strength. And it takes her much time 2. ______ train well. There still 3. ______ many choices for her if she’s not an astronaut. She’s interested 4. ______ science as well, so maybe it’s a good 5. ______ for her to be a scientist. 第二节：用所给单词的适当形式填空。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词） rest pioneer whether continue kind they bright silent look admire What makes someone a hero? A hero is someone who’s willing to put 1. ______ own life on the line to save others, though it means they might not make it back. Take Norman Bethune for example. He2.______ to help others even when he was seriously hurt. He cared more about others’ safety than his own comfort, and this selfless act is really 3. ______. Heroes can also be scientists, both famous ones and those working 4. ______ behind the scenes. They’re the 5. ______ in their fields, the ones who work tirelessly to make our world a better place. But heroes aren’t just the big names we hear about. They can be among the everyday people we pass by. Dr Leng Wenying, for example, often misses family meals during holidays because she’s busy taking care of her patients. There are times when she has to work for 20 hours without 6. ______! She really has a strong will and shows great 7. ______ to everyone around her. ______ they are well-known figures or ordinary people, heroes all have one thing in common. Like stars, they shine 9. ______ and show us the way. In this way, heroes are the role models we can all 10. ______ up to and learn from. 七、任务型阅读：阅读下面的语篇材料，根据所读内容，完成下列各题 Not long ago, some children took part in an activity called “Creating a Space for Scientists’ Stories” in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. They were taken to Zhejiang University to learn about the story of Zhu Kezhen. He was one of the most famous scientists in China. Zhu was born into a family in the rice business in Shaoxing on March 7, 1890. He could read at the age of 2. From the story of “dripping water wears through a stone”, he learned that perseverance (坚持) is the key to success. In 1910, Zhu went to the United States to study. After he got his bachelor’s degree (学士学位) in agriculture, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology (气象学) in 1913. In 1918, he refused invitations from many American universities. Then he boarded the ship returning to China. In the following ten years, Zhu spent his time setting up meteorological research organizations and weather stations across the country. It was Zhu’s ideal to serve the motherland with what he had learned. In 1936, at the age of 46, Zhu served as the president of Zhejiang University. At an opening ceremony, he asked the new students two simple but meaningful questions: First, what are you doing here? Second, what kind of person will you become after graduation? Later, he also gave a speech on the spirit of looking for the truth. He said it was a spirit of “risking death a hundred times to know the truth”, and a strict scientific attitude was necessary. Zhu compared himself to “a restless screw *”. His life is about pursuing the truth and gaining knowledge. *“A restless screw” usually describes a dedicated and reliable person who works hard for the country, although there are many difficulties and challenges. 1.Who is Zhu Kezhen? He is one of the most famous ____________________ in China. 2.Which English words in the passage mean “水滴石穿”? They’re “____________________”. 3.What was Zhu’s ideal? His ideal was to ____________________ with what he had learned. 4.What spirit should scientists keep according to Zhu? Scientists should keep the spirit of ____________________. 5.In what order do you think the passage is written? The passage is written in ____________________ order. 第 1 页 共 5 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $