衔接点24 完形填空六大解题策略探究（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点24 完形填空六大解题策略探究 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 短文篇幅短，以生活化记叙文为主，情节简单直白；短句居多，生词少且易懂，全文情感、线索一目了然。 考点上 侧重基础词义辨析、固定短语搭配、基础语法（时态、代词、介词、连词）；选项词义差距大，常依靠单句字面意思就能选出；逻辑仅简单顺承、转折。 命题与答题要求 干扰项区分明显，很少出现近义词辨析；只需要看懂前后一两句话，不用深挖人物心理与文章主旨；答题难度低，时间充裕。 文本上 篇幅更长，记叙文侧重人物心理、情感成长，议论文、夹叙夹议增多；大量长难句，文字含蓄，暗含人生道理，上下文伏笔多。 考点上 核心难点为近义词细微辨析；兼顾逻辑（让步、因果、对比、递进）、情感态度、语境伏笔；语法不再单独设考点，服务语境理解；熟词生义高频考查。 命题与答题要求 干扰项词义相近，单句无法判断，必须结合全文人物情绪、中心主旨；陷阱常为局部通顺但不符合整体情感；需要通读全文把握主线，限时压力大。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：备选项侧重以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 高中阶段考查形式：备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。 【初中考点聚焦】 【题型解读】 初中完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。 【解题步骤】 完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力的考查尤为突出，主要涉及名词、(短语)动词、形容词和副词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、以及熟词生义的判断。 完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨 重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。 2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心 速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 关注末段，注意感想 最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。 5. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是： （1）语意是否前后一致； （2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整； （3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构； （4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。 【典例诠释】（体裁：说明文） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Spring Festival has always been about family reunions and traditions. But in recent years, modern technology has brought new magic to these old customs. It makes the festival more 1 and helps people stay closer than ever before. People no longer celebrate the festival only through offline activities. Today, digital (数码的) tools help people celebrate the festival while 2 modern convenience. Many people use AI tools to 3 special and personal video greetings, not just simple text messages. What’s more, smart robots in public places can write Spring Festival couplets and 4 warm wishes to passers-by. To meet 5 needs and public safety, many cities have stopped traditional fireworks. Instead, they 6 great drone (无人机) light shows. These shining performances paint the night sky with colorful images, offering a safe but 7 celebration. Besides, people send digital red envelopes (红包) and visit each other through video calls, sharing love and care even when they are far apart. The Spring Festival Gala can now be watched in two ways. People can watch it on TV as usual, or stream (流播) it on mobile phones with a vertical screen (竖屏). This lets everyone enjoy the gala in a more flexible (灵活的) way. Ready-made dishes and food delivery (递送) services also 8 much time, so people can spend more time staying with their families. Some people 9 that technology will take away the true spirit of the festival. But the fact is just the opposite. Technology makes old traditions fresh and lively, instead of replacing them. The true value of the Spring Festival is still family, love and best wishes. 10 just helps this warm culture shine in a new way in the modern age. 1．A．important B．convenient C．different D．comfortable 2．A．considering B．praising C．expecting D．enjoying 3．A．create B．compare C．control D．connect 4．A．hold B．mention C．express D．remind 5．A．natural B．traditional C．personal D．environmental 6．A．put out B．put on C．put away D．put off 7．A．educational B．boring C．wonderful D．moving 8．A．waste B．save C．remain D．change 9．A．understand B．disbelieve C．manage D．worry 10．A．Communication B．Responsibility C．Education D．Technology 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，记叙文为主，说明文或议论文为辅，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 【从完形填空解题角度透视解题策略】 （一）、利用文章首句信息解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。 策略核心 完形首句完整无空，交代人物、背景、事件、情感基调，是把握全文主旨、预判情节走向的核心依据，所有题目都可依托首句铺垫的整体背景辅助判断。 例题 1（湖北高一期中） 原文首段完整语段 One day Bella, a future psychiatrist (精神病医生), visited a clinic with her teacher. While the teacher was occupied with his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. Walking in, Bella looked with interest at everything around her. Suddenly a young man entered, talking loudly to himself. 中文翻译 一天，未来将要成为精神病医生的贝拉和老师一同来到一家诊所。老师忙于处理工作时，贝拉被请到美术室等候。走进房间，她饶有兴致地打量四周。这时一名年轻男子走了进来，还大声自言自语。 对应考题：第 6 空 signs of 6 完整语境定位 Bella assumed he was a patient because she found clear signs of 6 in his voice and the waving of his arms. A. madness B. happiness C. sadness D. calmness 句子翻译：贝拉认定他是病人，因为她从他的话语和挥舞的手臂中看到明显的癫狂迹象。 详细解析 1. 首句关键信息：主角 Bella 身份是未来精神病医生，故事发生地点在诊所； 2. 首句铺垫全文视角：贝拉会以精神科从业者的眼光评判陌生人反常行为； 3. 解题逻辑：年轻人自言自语、挥舞手臂，结合首句 “诊所 + 准精神科医生” 背景，贝拉自然判定对方有疯狂（madness）的表现；若无首句人物、地点铺垫，很难快速锁定 madness； 4. 策略匹配：依靠首句交代的人物身份、故事场景完成推理，是典型利用首句信息解题。 例题 2（安徽马鞍山开学考） 原文首句完整语段 On a Friday evening in December, I lost my job. That was unexpected. I was excited about the weekend, when my daughter Kristil and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We are sorry, but we decided to fire you.” 中文翻译 十二月一个周五傍晚，我失业了。这件事完全出乎意料。我原本满心期待周末，打算和女儿克里斯蒂尔去置办圣诞树。随后我听到了语音留言：“很抱歉，我们决定解雇你。” 对应考题：第 4 空 I struggled to be 4 as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. A. encouraged B. thoughtful C. surprised D. cheerful 句子翻译：第二天看着圣诞树的标价，我强撑着想让自己开心一点。 详细解析 1. 首句核心信息：主人公失业，原本计划开心过圣诞； 2. 首句奠定全文情感基调：生活突遭变故，内心低落； 3. 解题逻辑：失业 + 单亲妈妈靠工资糊口，看到圣诞树价格只能勉强强装快乐（cheerful）；首句直接给出人物困境，成为该题判断情绪形容词的核心依据； 4. 策略匹配：首句交代核心事件，依托首句情绪基调解题。 例题 3（山西吕梁阶段练习） 原文首句完整语段 Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student. Rather than spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a product that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who needs it. 中文翻译 赫曼・贝克勒并不是普通高中生。这个 14 岁少年不玩电子游戏，反而利用课余时间做实验。他的目标是研发一款可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，让所有有需要的人都负担得起。 对应考题：第 40 空 create a more 40 and accessible solution A. temporary B. peaceful C. affordable D. possible 句子翻译：听到这个惊人数字后，赫曼打算研发一款更实惠、更容易获取的解决方案。 详细解析 1. 首句明确核心目标：研发产品，让需要的人负担得起； 2. 后文提到治疗费用高达 4 万美元，与首句目标形成对照； 3. 解题逻辑：首句直接点明少年初衷 affordable（平价、负担得起），是本空唯一匹配词汇； 4. 策略匹配：首句直接点明人物核心追求，直接锁定答案。 （二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 策略核心 单看词汇、语法四个选项均通顺，需抓取上下文动作、心理、场景线索，梳理情节逻辑，推导唯一合理答案。 例题 1（河南焦作开学考 46 空） 完整语段 He gradually noted the kids were 46 to tablets and cell phones when they came to the barbershop. It was hard to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the birth of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day”. A. adapted B. reduced C. limited D. glued 句子翻译：他慢慢发现，孩子们来理发时总死死盯着平板和手机。他们注意力全放在电子产品上时，理发变得十分困难。这催生了斯科特的 “理发店读书日”。 详细解析 1. 语法层面四个单词填入语法均成立，无法靠搭配直接排除； 2. 上下文线索推理：后文 focused on those（注意力全在电子产品）给出行为线索； 3. 逻辑推导：be glued to 固定含义 “紧盯、目不转睛盯着”，完美对应孩子沉迷手机的状态；adapted 适应、reduced 减少、limited 限制均无法匹配 “注意力集中” 的情节线索； 4. 策略匹配：依靠后文动作线索做情节逻辑推理选出答案。 例题 2（山东泰安阶段练习 87 空） 完整语段 I made a self-examination and found my passion was music. I had a gift for playing the piano but I 87 it. There was only one way to prove whether I could be a successful musician. A. emphasized B. ignored C. valued D. avoided 句子翻译：我自我反省后发现我热爱音乐。我有弹钢琴的天赋，却一直忽视这份天赋。只有一种方式能证明我能否成为一名成功的音乐人。 详细解析 1. 单句语法四个词均可填入，无硬性搭配限制； 2. 上下文线索推理：前文写父母逼迫自己学化学、自己毫无兴趣；but 表转折，有天赋却没有重视；后文转学音乐弥补遗憾； 3. 逻辑推导：ignored 忽视，贴合 “有天赋却长期搁置、不发展” 的人物经历；emphasize 强调、value 珍惜语义与 but 转折矛盾；avoid 侧重刻意躲避，文中只是单纯搁置而非刻意避开； 4. 策略匹配：串联前后人物经历线索，逻辑推理得出答案。 例题 3（机场父女 江苏连云港完形15 空） 完整语段 “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to support you…” He then began to 15 and walked away. A. smile B. weep C. freeze D. shout 句子翻译：“当我们说‘愿你拥有足够’时，我们希望你的人生充满足够多美好事物支撑你前行……” 说完他开始落泪，转身离开了。 详细解析 1. 语法上四个动词都能跟 began to 搭配； 2. 上下文线索推理：前文交代老人年纪大，女儿远走他乡，下次见面就是自己葬礼，内心满是离别伤感；前文铺垫 “I could see he wanted and needed to cry”； 3. 逻辑推导：weep 哭泣，对应前文压抑悲伤、想要落泪的心理线索；smile 微笑、freeze 僵住、shout 大喊完全不符合离别悲伤的情绪逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：依托前文人物心理线索逻辑推理。 （三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题 完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 策略核心 依靠并列、转折、因果、递进、让步、对比等逻辑连接词（and/but/so/because/however 等）判断前后语义关系，锁定答案。 例题 1（浙江杭州 37 空 并列逻辑 and） 语段 Skin cancer does have cures and it is 37 in most cases. However, the average price of skin cancer treatment is almost $40,000. A. preventable B. complex C. deadly D. treatable 句子翻译：皮肤癌确实存在治疗手段，并且大多数情况下可以治愈。然而治疗均价高达 4 万美元。 详细解析 1. 逻辑标志词：and 并列顺承，前后语义同向； 2. 前半句线索 does have cures（有治愈方案），and 后语义保持一致； 3. 逻辑判断：treatable 可治疗的，和 have cures 同义顺承；preventable 可预防、complex 复杂、deadly 致命均与前半句构成反向语义，违背 and 并列逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：利用并列逻辑关系解题。 例题 2（湖北高一完形 10 空 转折逻辑 but） 语段 Then Bella noticed a headset sticking out of the man’s ear and she was terribly 10. He was a piano tuner. Not only was she a future doctor, unable to tell the difference between a healthy person and a patient, but she herself was considered crazy! A. unsatisfied B. excited C. embarrassed D. impatient 句子翻译：这时贝拉注意到男人耳朵里露出耳机，她瞬间无比尴尬。原来他是钢琴调音师。身为准医生，她分不清病人和普通人，还被对方当成精神失常的人。 详细解析 1. 隐性转折逻辑：前文贝拉一直认定男子是精神病患者，后文反转对方是调音师；前后认知完全相反，形成转折； 2. 逻辑推导：自己判断完全出错，内心尴尬（embarrassed）；不满意、兴奋、不耐烦均不符合 “判断失误、闹笑话” 的转折情绪； 3. 策略匹配：依托上下文反转转折逻辑解题。 例题 3（福建厦门完形 26 空 因果逻辑 so） 语段 There’s no such thing as a free lunch. So it’s 26 to ask for a payment after taking photos for us. But if someone offers to help you, never reject the kindness just because of this particular event. A. forgivable B. necessary C. unusual D. convenient 句子翻译：天下没有免费的午餐。所以他拍照后收费这件事是可以谅解的。但不能因为这一件事，就拒绝所有人的善意。 详细解析 1. 逻辑标志词 so 表因果，前半句为原因，后半句空格为结果； 2. 因果逻辑：父亲认为不存在无偿帮助，因此对方收费这件事可以被原谅（forgivable）； 3. 词义排除：necessary 必要的（原文不认为收费是理所应当）、unusual 不寻常、convenient 方便，均无法承接 “天下没有免费午餐” 的因果逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：利用因果逻辑连词 so 解题。 （四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 策略核心 上下文出现原词、同根词、同义词、反义词、语义替换表达，形成语义复现，直接锁定匹配选项。 例题 1（山西吕梁 32 空 原词复现） 语段 His goal was to create a 32 that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who needs it. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project. A. website B. product C. hospital D. school 句子翻译：他的目标是研发一款能够治疗皮肤癌的产品，让所有需要的人都负担得起。他不断做实验研究，最终做出了一款香皂作为成果。 详细解析 1. 词汇复现线索：后文 his bar of soap（香皂）属于 product（产品）的语义复现；后文多次出现 work、project 均指代这款研发出来的实物产品； 2. 词义匹配：product 产品，和后文香皂实物形成上下义复现；网站、医院、学校和实验产出实物无关联； 3. 策略匹配：依靠后文实物名词语义复现解题。 例题 2（安徽马鞍山 5 空 同义复现） 语段 Over the next week, I applied for 5 like crazy as my bank account grew smaller. I lost my job and my income was survival. A. puddings B. posts C. shares D. places 句子翻译：失业后的一周里，我疯狂投递岗位，我的存款越来越少。我失去了工作，收入是维持生计的唯一来源。 详细解析 1. 词汇复现：前文 lost my job（失业），后文 applied for posts 中 post 同义复现 job，意为 “工作岗位”； 2. 解题逻辑：失业对应找工作岗位 posts；布丁、股份、地点均无 “工作” 语义复现； 3. 策略匹配：job 与 post 同义词汇复现。 例题 3（机场父女 江苏连云港完形 32 空 原词复现） 语段 “I love you. I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your 32 is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” A. grocery B. wealth C. reward D. love 句子翻译：父亲说：“我爱你，愿你一切充足。” 女儿回应：“爸爸，我们相伴的日子已经足够美好，你的爱是我全部所求。我也愿你万事顺遂。” 详细解析 1. 原词复现：父亲原话 I love you 出现 love，女儿回应空格处 love 原词复现，形成情感呼应； 2. 解题逻辑：前后对话围绕父女之间的爱展开，love 完美呼应前文；杂货、财富、奖励均无前文语义支撑； 3. 策略匹配：对话中原词 love 复现锁定答案。 （五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 策略核心 考查固定动词短语、介词搭配；分两类：唯一正确搭配；多搭配语法成立，需结合语境筛选。 例题 1（湖北高一完形 1 空 ） 语段 While the teacher was 1 his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. A. concerned about B. disappointed at C. ashamed of D. occupied with 句子翻译：老师忙于处理工作时，贝拉被请到美术室等候。 详细解析 1. 固定短语辨析：be occupied with 固定搭配，含义 “忙于……”； 2. 搭配区分： 1. be concerned about 担忧；be disappointed at 对…… 失望；be ashamed of 羞愧； 3. 语境匹配：贝拉等候老师，说明老师手头有事，只有 occupied with 搭配符合场景；其余短语代入语义不通；属于唯一正确搭配题型。 例题 2（湖北高一完形 4 空 短语辨析 + 语境筛选） 语段 He threw a quick look at Bella and 4 the piano in the corner. After a while the young man opened the piano and started pressing the keys randomly. A. took up B. cleaned up C. struggled for D. headed for 句子翻译：他匆匆瞥了贝拉一眼，朝角落的钢琴走去。片刻后他打开钢琴，胡乱按动琴键。 详细解析 1. 四个短语语法搭配均成立，需结合语境筛选： take up 从事、占据；clean up 清理；struggle for 为…… 奋斗；head for 朝…… 走去； 2. 后文线索：男子后续触碰钢琴，说明他先走向钢琴；head for 走向，贴合动作语境；其余短语无法匹配 “走向钢琴” 的动作逻辑； 3. 策略匹配：多搭配均通顺，依靠语境辨析短语含义。 例题 3（山西吕梁 31 空 介词短语固定搭配） 语段 31 spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. A. Due to B. As for C. Rather than D. Regardless of 句子翻译：这个 14 岁少年没有把空闲时间用来打游戏，而是做实验。 详细解析 1. 固定介词短语辨析：rather than 固定搭配，意为 “而不是”，表前后对比； 2. 短语含义区分：due to 由于；as for 至于；regardless of 不管； 3. 语境逻辑：普通学生打游戏，他做实验，前后对比，只能用 rather than；其余短语逻辑不成立； 4. 策略匹配：依托介词固定搭配直接解题。 （六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 策略核心 超过半数完形题为语境题，不能单靠词汇、搭配，需要上下求索，整合前后场景、人物心理、情节走向综合预判答案。 例题 1（福建厦门 高一完形 30 空 ） 完整上下文 The man who offered to take photos asked for money, which made me angry. But my father told me not to deny all kindness because of one bad experience. Luckily, we met lots of warm-hearted locals later. So just remember, we can’t throw away the 30 because of its core. A. banana B. object C. item D. apple 句子翻译：主动帮我们拍照的男子事后索要费用，我十分生气。但父亲告诉我不能因为一次糟糕经历否定所有善意。幸运的是，我们后来遇到很多热心当地人。所以记住：不能因为果核就扔掉整颗苹果（不因噎废食）。 详细解析 1. 单句仅 core 一词，无法判断；必须上下求索整合全篇语境： ① 前文负面经历：拍照被收费； ② 后文正面语境：路上遇见大量好心人； ③ 父亲观点：不能因一件坏事否定全部； 2. 语境预判：后文 core 果核，只有 apple 苹果带有果核，是英文固定谚语喻体；其余词汇无对应语境支撑； 3. 策略匹配：整合全篇情节、人物观点的完整语境判断。 例题 2（河南焦作 高一完形59 空） 语段 Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by expanding his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he intends to get kids excited to learn while also giving them 59 role models through motivational speakers. A. intelligent B. official C. positive D. successful 句子翻译：斯科特计划扩大活动规模，把 “理发店读书日” 升级为 “破冰读书之旅”。他希望激发孩子的学习兴趣，同时通过励志演讲人为他们树立积极的榜样。 详细解析 1. 上下求索语境线索：motivational speakers（励志演讲者）是关键语境提示； 2. 语境逻辑预判：励志演讲人提供的一定是积极正向（positive）榜样；intelligent 聪明的、official 官方的、successful 成功的都无法贴合 “励志鼓舞” 的整体语境； 3. 策略匹配：抓取后文标志性语境词汇 motivational 综合判断。 例题 3（山东泰安 30 空） 完整上下文 I hated chemistry and followed my professor’s advice to switch to music school. I had a gift for piano. I’m now fifty years old, and live 30. When I watched the various awards I received on the walls in my office, a contented smile appeared on my face. 30. A. poorly B. cautiously C. bitterly D. happily 句子翻译：我厌恶化学，听从教授建议转到音乐学院，我拥有弹钢琴的天赋。如今我五十岁，生活得十分幸福。看着办公室墙上挂满各类奖项，我露出满足的笑容。 详细解析 1. 仅看尾两句只能知道有奖项，需要上下求索梳理完整人物语境： ① 前文困境：被迫学不喜欢的化学，内心压抑； ② 中段转折：追随热爱转学音乐； ③ 结尾结果：收获无数奖项，内心满足 contented； 2. 语境预判：前后人生境遇对比，最终生活幸福 happily；穷困、谨慎、痛苦均与全文圆满结局语境冲突； 3. 策略匹配：整合整篇人物成长、心境变化的完整语境推理。 一、完形填空（记叙文） Last summer, my friends and I were super excited for a camping trip in a remote forest. We 1 a weekend full of fun and exploration, imagining ourselves hiking through the 2 , telling stories around the campfire at night. Little did we know, a nightmare was about to 3 . On the second day, while we were cooking lunch by the campfire, a strange, burning 4 suddenly hit my nose. Looking up, we saw thick black smoke rising in the distance. To our horror, a wildfire was 5 towards us at top speed! 6 set in and we quickly stuffed important things into our backpacks. But when we tried to call for help, our phones were 7 . Thankfully, we remembered the emergency plan we had learned before, and we 8 towards a small stream nearby. The flowing water provided some protection from the approaching 9 . As the fire got closer, the heat was intense, and the sound of crackling trees was 10 . Finally, after what felt like forever, the 11 arrived. They worked really hard and managed to 12 the fire, leading us to safety. Now, each time I 13 for a trip, my hands stop on the first-aid kit placed in the side pocket. Checking supplies isn’t a 14 task — it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream. Those burnt hiking boots still sit under my bed, a sharp 15 of how fast joy can turn to fear. 1．A．pictured B．promised C．forgot D．remembered 2．A．continent B．fields C．woods D．plain 3．A．disappear B．repeat C．escape D．strike 4．A．sound B．taste C．smell D．touch 5．A．racing B．walking C．climbing D．flowing 6．A．Anger B．Panic C．Calm D．Joy 7．A．busy B．dead C．loud D．secure 8．A．walked B．drove C．swam D．rushed 9．A．rescue B．animals C．flames D．landslide 10．A．frightening B．thrilling C．fascinating D．annoying 11．A．doctors B．hikers C．volunteers D．firefighters 12．A．break down B．put out C．pick up D．make out 13．A．pack B．arrange C．collect D．organize 14．A．stress-related B．well-meant C．trouble-filled D．bitter-sweet 15．A．reward B．surprise C．tongue D．reminder 二、完形填空（夹叙夹议文） Ever felt like you just can’t stop getting angry at your kids? Me too. And after many years of parenting and coaching 16 , I’ve realized that we can build up our 17 , regardless of how rude or annoying our kids act. Years ago, I found myself home with my kids on the first 18 spring day. I was so excited to open the windows. An hour or so later, the kids 19 my favorite vase while messing around, and I lost my 20 , shouting loudly. Remembering the open windows, I 21 turned to see a couple of my neighbors looking my 22 . I did what any person would do — I dropped to the floor, out of sight, 23 they hadn’t actually heard me. While we are 24 to remain patient all the time, sometimes our patience runs out. We lose control of our emotions. We say things we 25 later. We may even try to 26 our impatience from people we know, like our neighbors. The word “patience” gets thrown around so much that we 27 what it means. The dictionary explains patience is “the ability to 28 waiting, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset.” I also find some books have amazing parenting 29 . They say patience is more than 30 sudden anger; it is also a way to love our kids. 16．A．leaders B．patients C．neighbors D．families 17．A．tolerance B．kindness C．curiosity D．determination 18．A．quiet B．beautiful C．rainy D．familiar 19．A．dusted B．moved C．broke D．emptied 20．A．face B．cool C．focus D．identity 21．A．accidentally B．guiltily C．awkwardly D．slowly 22．A．way B．difficulty C．skill D．emotion 23．A．realizing B．reminding C．imaging D．hoping 24．A．able B．eager C．hesitant D．proud 25．A．consider B．change C．prove D．regret 26．A．hide B．stress C．reveal D．find 27．A．forget B．explore C．understand D．value 28．A．avoid B．question C．accept D．ignore 29．A．rules B．tasks C．tradition D．wisdom 30．A．watching out B．holding back C．making up D．looking back 一、基础练习题 One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 1 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 3 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 4 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailed behind me, their minds racing with 6 . Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 8 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 9 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 11 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 12 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So...we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a   14 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 15 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 1．A．Ignoring B．Sensing C．Criticizing D．Celebrating 2．A．complain B．argue C．explain D．announce 3．A．mountain B．river C．desert D．forest 4．A．survive B．enjoy C．remember D．control 5．A．curious B．silent C．shocked D．amused 6．A．plans B．guesses C．decisions D．jokes 7．A．hungry B．magical C．fierce D．imaginary 8．A．grew B．emerged C．faded D．fell 9．A．Calling on B．Pointing at C．Turning to D．Waiting for 10．A．joy B．fear C．anger D．hope 11．A．heard B．missed C．avoided D．recorded 12．A．beauty B．harmony C．warmth D．mystery 13．A．refuse B．pretend C．forget D．hate 14．A．game B．battle C．gift D．journey 15．A．present B．chance C．effort D．luck 二、进阶练习题 On my way to meet an old friend I hadn’t seen for years, I drove into the restaurant’s car park (停车场). I 16 him standing by the entrance. After parking, I walked towards him but saw a beggar sitting near the far end of the 17 . I stopped for a moment and handed him some spare 18 before continuing. When I 19 my friend, I noticed him gently shaking his head from side to side. “You’ve always been too 20 ,” he said. “How do you know he really needs help? What if he 21 your money on bad habits?” We spent an hour eating and 22 what had happened in our lives over the years. Then we split (分摊) the bill 23 . My friend shook his head again when he saw me leave a large tip for the waitress. “You never change!” he said. I laughed. As he drove off, I thought about his 24 . His wallet was 25 more filled than mine, but I knew my heart felt much lighter than his. In the world’s view, he was richer, but in my own heart, I felt 26 . I have long held the 27 that we should treat everyone with love. We are taught to see every person as a friend, no matter their background. It really makes no 28 whether they are rich or poor, healthy or sick, homeless or disabled. Don’t be afraid to have a soft 29 . Every little bit of love we give helps make the world a better place. That is a truth I will always 30 . 16．A．reached out B．looked forward to C．cared about D．took notice of 17．A．park B．universe C．building D．sidewalk 18．A．tuition B．clothes C．change D．envelopes 19．A．attached B．approached C．folded D．argued 20．A．generous B．selfish C．keen D．intelligent 21．A．earns B．rejects C．wastes D．claims 22．A．electing B．comparing C．regretting D．sharing 23．A．equally B．fatally C．briefly D．neatly 24．A．analysis B．comments C．items D．riddles 25．A．rarely B．secretly C．globally D．definitely 26．A．sharper B．keener C．wealthier D．tougher 27．A．mission B．procedure C．pattern D．belief 28．A．difference B．sense C．fortune D．decision 29．A．journal B．heart C．pillow D．voice 30．A．occur B．contain C．treasure D．whisper 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点24 完形填空六大解题策略探究 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 短文篇幅短，以生活化记叙文为主，情节简单直白；短句居多，生词少且易懂，全文情感、线索一目了然。 考点上 侧重基础词义辨析、固定短语搭配、基础语法（时态、代词、介词、连词）；选项词义差距大，常依靠单句字面意思就能选出；逻辑仅简单顺承、转折。 命题与答题要求 干扰项区分明显，很少出现近义词辨析；只需要看懂前后一两句话，不用深挖人物心理与文章主旨；答题难度低，时间充裕。 文本上 篇幅更长，记叙文侧重人物心理、情感成长，议论文、夹叙夹议增多；大量长难句，文字含蓄，暗含人生道理，上下文伏笔多。 考点上 核心难点为近义词细微辨析；兼顾逻辑（让步、因果、对比、递进）、情感态度、语境伏笔；语法不再单独设考点，服务语境理解；熟词生义高频考查。 命题与答题要求 干扰项词义相近，单句无法判断，必须结合全文人物情绪、中心主旨；陷阱常为局部通顺但不符合整体情感；需要通读全文把握主线，限时压力大。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：备选项侧重以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 高中阶段考查形式：备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。 【初中考点聚焦】 【题型解读】 初中完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。 【解题步骤】 完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力的考查尤为突出，主要涉及名词、(短语)动词、形容词和副词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、以及熟词生义的判断。 完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨 重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。 2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心 速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 关注末段，注意感想 最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。 5. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是： （1）语意是否前后一致； （2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整； （3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构； （4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。 【典例诠释】（体裁：说明文） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Spring Festival has always been about family reunions and traditions. But in recent years, modern technology has brought new magic to these old customs. It makes the festival more 1 and helps people stay closer than ever before. People no longer celebrate the festival only through offline activities. Today, digital (数码的) tools help people celebrate the festival while 2 modern convenience. Many people use AI tools to 3 special and personal video greetings, not just simple text messages. What’s more, smart robots in public places can write Spring Festival couplets and 4 warm wishes to passers-by. To meet 5 needs and public safety, many cities have stopped traditional fireworks. Instead, they 6 great drone (无人机) light shows. These shining performances paint the night sky with colorful images, offering a safe but 7 celebration. Besides, people send digital red envelopes (红包) and visit each other through video calls, sharing love and care even when they are far apart. The Spring Festival Gala can now be watched in two ways. People can watch it on TV as usual, or stream (流播) it on mobile phones with a vertical screen (竖屏). This lets everyone enjoy the gala in a more flexible (灵活的) way. Ready-made dishes and food delivery (递送) services also 8 much time, so people can spend more time staying with their families. Some people 9 that technology will take away the true spirit of the festival. But the fact is just the opposite. Technology makes old traditions fresh and lively, instead of replacing them. The true value of the Spring Festival is still family, love and best wishes. 10 just helps this warm culture shine in a new way in the modern age. 1．A．important B．convenient C．different D．comfortable 2．A．considering B．praising C．expecting D．enjoying 3．A．create B．compare C．control D．connect 4．A．hold B．mention C．express D．remind 5．A．natural B．traditional C．personal D．environmental 6．A．put out B．put on C．put away D．put off 7．A．educational B．boring C．wonderful D．moving 8．A．waste B．save C．remain D．change 9．A．understand B．disbelieve C．manage D．worry 10．A．Communication B．Responsibility C．Education D．Technology 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文讲述现代科技为春节传统习俗赋予全新形式，从 AI 拜年、无人机灯光秀、线上春晚到外卖预制菜等新方式，展现科技让传统春节更鲜活便利，同时点明科技并未冲淡春节团圆温情的内核。 【详解】1．句意：它让春节变得更加便捷，让人们比以往联系更紧密。 前文提到现代科技赋能古老春节习俗，极大方便了人们节日往来。convenient“便捷的、方便的”符合语境。important“重要的”；different“不同的”；comfortable“舒适的”均无法贴合科技带来生活便利的语境。 2．句意：如今，数码工具让人们在享受现代便利的同时庆祝节日。 此处表达人们一边过节一边享用数字化带来的便利。enjoy“享受”符合语境。consider“考虑”；praising“夸赞”；expecting“期待”代入句子语义不通顺。 3．句意：许多人使用人工智能工具制作独特又个性化的视频祝福，不只是简单的文字消息。 搭配宾语special and personal video greetings，create“制作、创作”符合语境。compare“对比”；control“控制”；connect“连接”均不能和视频祝福搭配。 4．句意：此外，公共场所的智能机器人可以书写春联，向路人传递温暖祝福。 固定搭配express warm wishes，表示传递暖心祝福。hold“握住”；mention“提及”；remind“提醒”均不与祝福搭配。 5．句意：为满足环保需求与公共安全，许多城市禁止燃放传统烟花。 燃放烟花会产生废气污染，environmental“环保的”契合管控烟花的背景。natural“自然的”；traditional“传统的”；personal“个人的”均不符合文意。 6．句意：取而代之，他们举办盛大的无人机灯光秀。 put on可表示上演、举办演出类活动，贴合灯光秀场景。put out“扑灭”；put away“收好”；put off“推迟”均无法搭配灯光秀。 7．句意：这些璀璨的表演在夜空绘出多彩画面，带来安全又精彩的庆祝活动。 用来形容绚烂的无人机表演，wonderful“精彩绝妙的”符合语境。educational“有教育意义的”；boring“无聊的”；moving“感人的”均不贴合夜空视觉表演。 8．句意：预制菜和外卖服务也节省大量时间，所以人们能花更多时间陪伴家人。 根据后文有更多时间陪伴家人，save“节省”符合逻辑。waste“浪费”；remain“保留”；change“改变”与原文逻辑相反。 9．句意：有些人担心科技会夺走节日真正的内涵。 后文用but转折说明事实相反，worry“担心”契合人们的顾虑心态。understand“理解”；disbelieve“不相信”；manage“设法”不符合转折逻辑。 10．句意：科技只是助力这份温暖文化在新时代焕发全新光彩。 全文围绕科技改变春节习俗展开，Technology“科技”是全文核心主题词。Communication“交流”；Responsibility“责任”；Education“教育”均偏离文章主旨。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，记叙文为主，说明文或议论文为辅，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 【从完形填空解题角度透视解题策略】 （一）、利用文章首句信息解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。 策略核心 完形首句完整无空，交代人物、背景、事件、情感基调，是把握全文主旨、预判情节走向的核心依据，所有题目都可依托首句铺垫的整体背景辅助判断。 例题 1（湖北高一期中） 原文首段完整语段 One day Bella, a future psychiatrist (精神病医生), visited a clinic with her teacher. While the teacher was occupied with his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. Walking in, Bella looked with interest at everything around her. Suddenly a young man entered, talking loudly to himself. 中文翻译 一天，未来将要成为精神病医生的贝拉和老师一同来到一家诊所。老师忙于处理工作时，贝拉被请到美术室等候。走进房间，她饶有兴致地打量四周。这时一名年轻男子走了进来，还大声自言自语。 对应考题：第 6 空 signs of 6 完整语境定位 Bella assumed he was a patient because she found clear signs of 6 in his voice and the waving of his arms. A. madness B. happiness C. sadness D. calmness 句子翻译：贝拉认定他是病人，因为她从他的话语和挥舞的手臂中看到明显的癫狂迹象。 详细解析 1. 首句关键信息：主角 Bella 身份是未来精神病医生，故事发生地点在诊所； 2. 首句铺垫全文视角：贝拉会以精神科从业者的眼光评判陌生人反常行为； 3. 解题逻辑：年轻人自言自语、挥舞手臂，结合首句 “诊所 + 准精神科医生” 背景，贝拉自然判定对方有疯狂（madness）的表现；若无首句人物、地点铺垫，很难快速锁定 madness； 4. 策略匹配：依靠首句交代的人物身份、故事场景完成推理，是典型利用首句信息解题。 例题 2（安徽马鞍山开学考） 原文首句完整语段 On a Friday evening in December, I lost my job. That was unexpected. I was excited about the weekend, when my daughter Kristil and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We are sorry, but we decided to fire you.” 中文翻译 十二月一个周五傍晚，我失业了。这件事完全出乎意料。我原本满心期待周末，打算和女儿克里斯蒂尔去置办圣诞树。随后我听到了语音留言：“很抱歉，我们决定解雇你。” 对应考题：第 4 空 I struggled to be 4 as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. A. encouraged B. thoughtful C. surprised D. cheerful 句子翻译：第二天看着圣诞树的标价，我强撑着想让自己开心一点。 详细解析 1. 首句核心信息：主人公失业，原本计划开心过圣诞； 2. 首句奠定全文情感基调：生活突遭变故，内心低落； 3. 解题逻辑：失业 + 单亲妈妈靠工资糊口，看到圣诞树价格只能勉强强装快乐（cheerful）；首句直接给出人物困境，成为该题判断情绪形容词的核心依据； 4. 策略匹配：首句交代核心事件，依托首句情绪基调解题。 例题 3（山西吕梁阶段练习） 原文首句完整语段 Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student. Rather than spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a product that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who needs it. 中文翻译 赫曼・贝克勒并不是普通高中生。这个 14 岁少年不玩电子游戏，反而利用课余时间做实验。他的目标是研发一款可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，让所有有需要的人都负担得起。 对应考题：第 40 空 create a more 40 and accessible solution A. temporary B. peaceful C. affordable D. possible 句子翻译：听到这个惊人数字后，赫曼打算研发一款更实惠、更容易获取的解决方案。 详细解析 1. 首句明确核心目标：研发产品，让需要的人负担得起； 2. 后文提到治疗费用高达 4 万美元，与首句目标形成对照； 3. 解题逻辑：首句直接点明少年初衷 affordable（平价、负担得起），是本空唯一匹配词汇； 4. 策略匹配：首句直接点明人物核心追求，直接锁定答案。 （二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 策略核心 单看词汇、语法四个选项均通顺，需抓取上下文动作、心理、场景线索，梳理情节逻辑，推导唯一合理答案。 例题 1（河南焦作开学考 46 空） 完整语段 He gradually noted the kids were 46 to tablets and cell phones when they came to the barbershop. It was hard to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the birth of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day”. A. adapted B. reduced C. limited D. glued 句子翻译：他慢慢发现，孩子们来理发时总死死盯着平板和手机。他们注意力全放在电子产品上时，理发变得十分困难。这催生了斯科特的 “理发店读书日”。 详细解析 1. 语法层面四个单词填入语法均成立，无法靠搭配直接排除； 2. 上下文线索推理：后文 focused on those（注意力全在电子产品）给出行为线索； 3. 逻辑推导：be glued to 固定含义 “紧盯、目不转睛盯着”，完美对应孩子沉迷手机的状态；adapted 适应、reduced 减少、limited 限制均无法匹配 “注意力集中” 的情节线索； 4. 策略匹配：依靠后文动作线索做情节逻辑推理选出答案。 例题 2（山东泰安阶段练习 87 空） 完整语段 I made a self-examination and found my passion was music. I had a gift for playing the piano but I 87 it. There was only one way to prove whether I could be a successful musician. A. emphasized B. ignored C. valued D. avoided 句子翻译：我自我反省后发现我热爱音乐。我有弹钢琴的天赋，却一直忽视这份天赋。只有一种方式能证明我能否成为一名成功的音乐人。 详细解析 1. 单句语法四个词均可填入，无硬性搭配限制； 2. 上下文线索推理：前文写父母逼迫自己学化学、自己毫无兴趣；but 表转折，有天赋却没有重视；后文转学音乐弥补遗憾； 3. 逻辑推导：ignored 忽视，贴合 “有天赋却长期搁置、不发展” 的人物经历；emphasize 强调、value 珍惜语义与 but 转折矛盾；avoid 侧重刻意躲避，文中只是单纯搁置而非刻意避开； 4. 策略匹配：串联前后人物经历线索，逻辑推理得出答案。 例题 3（机场父女完形15 空） 完整语段 “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to support you…” He then began to 15 and walked away. A. smile B. weep C. freeze D. shout 句子翻译：“当我们说‘愿你拥有足够’时，我们希望你的人生充满足够多美好事物支撑你前行……” 说完他开始落泪，转身离开了。 详细解析 1. 语法上四个动词都能跟 began to 搭配； 2. 上下文线索推理：前文交代老人年纪大，女儿远走他乡，下次见面就是自己葬礼，内心满是离别伤感；前文铺垫 “I could see he wanted and needed to cry”； 3. 逻辑推导：weep 哭泣，对应前文压抑悲伤、想要落泪的心理线索；smile 微笑、freeze 僵住、shout 大喊完全不符合离别悲伤的情绪逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：依托前文人物心理线索逻辑推理。 （三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题 完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 策略核心 依靠并列、转折、因果、递进、让步、对比等逻辑连接词（and/but/so/because/however 等）判断前后语义关系，锁定答案。 例题 1（浙江杭州 37 空 并列逻辑 and） 语段 Skin cancer does have cures and it is 37 in most cases. However, the average price of skin cancer treatment is almost $40,000. A. preventable B. complex C. deadly D. treatable 句子翻译：皮肤癌确实存在治疗手段，并且大多数情况下可以治愈。然而治疗均价高达 4 万美元。 详细解析 1. 逻辑标志词：and 并列顺承，前后语义同向； 2. 前半句线索 does have cures（有治愈方案），and 后语义保持一致； 3. 逻辑判断：treatable 可治疗的，和 have cures 同义顺承；preventable 可预防、complex 复杂、deadly 致命均与前半句构成反向语义，违背 and 并列逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：利用并列逻辑关系解题。 例题 2（湖北高一完形 10 空 转折逻辑 but） 语段 Then Bella noticed a headset sticking out of the man’s ear and she was terribly 10. He was a piano tuner. Not only was she a future doctor, unable to tell the difference between a healthy person and a patient, but she herself was considered crazy! A. unsatisfied B. excited C. embarrassed D. impatient 句子翻译：这时贝拉注意到男人耳朵里露出耳机，她瞬间无比尴尬。原来他是钢琴调音师。身为准医生，她分不清病人和普通人，还被对方当成精神失常的人。 详细解析 1. 隐性转折逻辑：前文贝拉一直认定男子是精神病患者，后文反转对方是调音师；前后认知完全相反，形成转折； 2. 逻辑推导：自己判断完全出错，内心尴尬（embarrassed）；不满意、兴奋、不耐烦均不符合 “判断失误、闹笑话” 的转折情绪； 3. 策略匹配：依托上下文反转转折逻辑解题。 例题 3（福建厦门完形 26 空 因果逻辑 so） 语段 There’s no such thing as a free lunch. So it’s 26 to ask for a payment after taking photos for us. But if someone offers to help you, never reject the kindness just because of this particular event. A. forgivable B. necessary C. unusual D. convenient 句子翻译：天下没有免费的午餐。所以他拍照后收费这件事是可以谅解的。但不能因为这一件事，就拒绝所有人的善意。 详细解析 1. 逻辑标志词 so 表因果，前半句为原因，后半句空格为结果； 2. 因果逻辑：父亲认为不存在无偿帮助，因此对方收费这件事可以被原谅（forgivable）； 3. 词义排除：necessary 必要的（原文不认为收费是理所应当）、unusual 不寻常、convenient 方便，均无法承接 “天下没有免费午餐” 的因果逻辑； 4. 策略匹配：利用因果逻辑连词 so 解题。 （四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 策略核心 上下文出现原词、同根词、同义词、反义词、语义替换表达，形成语义复现，直接锁定匹配选项。 例题 1（山西吕梁 32 空 原词复现） 语段 His goal was to create a 32 that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who needs it. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project. A. website B. product C. hospital D. school 句子翻译：他的目标是研发一款能够治疗皮肤癌的产品，让所有需要的人都负担得起。他不断做实验研究，最终做出了一款香皂作为成果。 详细解析 1. 词汇复现线索：后文 his bar of soap（香皂）属于 product（产品）的语义复现；后文多次出现 work、project 均指代这款研发出来的实物产品； 2. 词义匹配：product 产品，和后文香皂实物形成上下义复现；网站、医院、学校和实验产出实物无关联； 3. 策略匹配：依靠后文实物名词语义复现解题。 例题 2（安徽马鞍山 5 空 同义复现） 语段 Over the next week, I applied for 5 like crazy as my bank account grew smaller. I lost my job and my income was survival. A. puddings B. posts C. shares D. places 句子翻译：失业后的一周里，我疯狂投递岗位，我的存款越来越少。我失去了工作，收入是维持生计的唯一来源。 详细解析 1. 词汇复现：前文 lost my job（失业），后文 applied for posts 中 post 同义复现 job，意为 “工作岗位”； 2. 解题逻辑：失业对应找工作岗位 posts；布丁、股份、地点均无 “工作” 语义复现； 3. 策略匹配：job 与 post 同义词汇复现。 例题 3（机场父女 江苏连云港完形 62 空 原词复现） 语段 “I love you. I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your 62 is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” A. grocery B. wealth C. reward D. love 句子翻译：父亲说：“我爱你，愿你一切充足。” 女儿回应：“爸爸，我们相伴的日子已经足够美好，你的爱是我全部所求。我也愿你万事顺遂。” 详细解析 1. 原词复现：父亲原话 I love you 出现 love，女儿回应空格处 love 原词复现，形成情感呼应； 2. 解题逻辑：前后对话围绕父女之间的爱展开，love 完美呼应前文；杂货、财富、奖励均无前文语义支撑； 3. 策略匹配：对话中原词 love 复现锁定答案。 （五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 策略核心 考查固定动词短语、介词搭配；分两类：唯一正确搭配；多搭配语法成立，需结合语境筛选。 例题 1（湖北高一完形 1 空 ） 语段 While the teacher was 1 his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. A. concerned about B. disappointed at C. ashamed of D. occupied with 句子翻译：老师忙于处理工作时，贝拉被请到美术室等候。 详细解析 1. 固定短语辨析：be occupied with 固定搭配，含义 “忙于……”； 2. 搭配区分： 1. be concerned about 担忧；be disappointed at 对…… 失望；be ashamed of 羞愧； 3. 语境匹配：贝拉等候老师，说明老师手头有事，只有 occupied with 搭配符合场景；其余短语代入语义不通；属于唯一正确搭配题型。 例题 2（湖北高一完形 4 空 短语辨析 + 语境筛选） 语段 He threw a quick look at Bella and 4 the piano in the corner. After a while the young man opened the piano and started pressing the keys randomly. A. took up B. cleaned up C. struggled for D. headed for 句子翻译：他匆匆瞥了贝拉一眼，朝角落的钢琴走去。片刻后他打开钢琴，胡乱按动琴键。 详细解析 1. 四个短语语法搭配均成立，需结合语境筛选： take up 从事、占据；clean up 清理；struggle for 为…… 奋斗；head for 朝…… 走去； 2. 后文线索：男子后续触碰钢琴，说明他先走向钢琴；head for 走向，贴合动作语境；其余短语无法匹配 “走向钢琴” 的动作逻辑； 3. 策略匹配：多搭配均通顺，依靠语境辨析短语含义。 例题 3（山西吕梁 31 空 介词短语固定搭配） 语段 31 spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. A. Due to B. As for C. Rather than D. Regardless of 句子翻译：这个 14 岁少年没有把空闲时间用来打游戏，而是做实验。 详细解析 1. 固定介词短语辨析：rather than 固定搭配，意为 “而不是”，表前后对比； 2. 短语含义区分：due to 由于；as for 至于；regardless of 不管； 3. 语境逻辑：普通学生打游戏，他做实验，前后对比，只能用 rather than；其余短语逻辑不成立； 4. 策略匹配：依托介词固定搭配直接解题。 （六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 策略核心 超过半数完形题为语境题，不能单靠词汇、搭配，需要上下求索，整合前后场景、人物心理、情节走向综合预判答案。 例题 1（福建厦门 高一完形 30 空 ） 完整上下文 The man who offered to take photos asked for money, which made me angry. But my father told me not to deny all kindness because of one bad experience. Luckily, we met lots of warm-hearted locals later. So just remember, we can’t throw away the 30 because of its core. A. banana B. object C. item D. apple 句子翻译：主动帮我们拍照的男子事后索要费用，我十分生气。但父亲告诉我不能因为一次糟糕经历否定所有善意。幸运的是，我们后来遇到很多热心当地人。所以记住：不能因为果核就扔掉整颗苹果（不因噎废食）。 详细解析 1. 单句仅 core 一词，无法判断；必须上下求索整合全篇语境： ① 前文负面经历：拍照被收费； ② 后文正面语境：路上遇见大量好心人； ③ 父亲观点：不能因一件坏事否定全部； 2. 语境预判：后文 core 果核，只有 apple 苹果带有果核，是英文固定谚语喻体；其余词汇无对应语境支撑； 3. 策略匹配：整合全篇情节、人物观点的完整语境判断。 例题 2（河南焦作 高一完形59 空） 语段 Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by expanding his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he intends to get kids excited to learn while also giving them 59 role models through motivational speakers. A. intelligent B. official C. positive D. successful 句子翻译：斯科特计划扩大活动规模，把 “理发店读书日” 升级为 “破冰读书之旅”。他希望激发孩子的学习兴趣，同时通过励志演讲人为他们树立积极的榜样。 详细解析 1. 上下求索语境线索：motivational speakers（励志演讲者）是关键语境提示； 2. 语境逻辑预判：励志演讲人提供的一定是积极正向（positive）榜样；intelligent 聪明的、official 官方的、successful 成功的都无法贴合 “励志鼓舞” 的整体语境； 3. 策略匹配：抓取后文标志性语境词汇 motivational 综合判断。 例题 3（山东泰安 30 空） 完整上下文 I hated chemistry and followed my professor’s advice to switch to music school. I had a gift for piano. I’m now fifty years old, and live 30. When I watched the various awards I received on the walls in my office, a contented smile appeared on my face. 30. A. poorly B. cautiously C. bitterly D. happily 句子翻译：我厌恶化学，听从教授建议转到音乐学院，我拥有弹钢琴的天赋。如今我五十岁，生活得十分幸福。看着办公室墙上挂满各类奖项，我露出满足的笑容。 详细解析 1. 仅看尾两句只能知道有奖项，需要上下求索梳理完整人物语境： ① 前文困境：被迫学不喜欢的化学，内心压抑； ② 中段转折：追随热爱转学音乐； ③ 结尾结果：收获无数奖项，内心满足 contented； 2. 语境预判：前后人生境遇对比，最终生活幸福 happily；穷困、谨慎、痛苦均与全文圆满结局语境冲突； 3. 策略匹配：整合整篇人物成长、心境变化的完整语境推理。 一、完形填空（记叙文） Last summer, my friends and I were super excited for a camping trip in a remote forest. We 1 a weekend full of fun and exploration, imagining ourselves hiking through the 2 , telling stories around the campfire at night. Little did we know, a nightmare was about to 3 . On the second day, while we were cooking lunch by the campfire, a strange, burning 4 suddenly hit my nose. Looking up, we saw thick black smoke rising in the distance. To our horror, a wildfire was 5 towards us at top speed! 6 set in and we quickly stuffed important things into our backpacks. But when we tried to call for help, our phones were 7 . Thankfully, we remembered the emergency plan we had learned before, and we 8 towards a small stream nearby. The flowing water provided some protection from the approaching 9 . As the fire got closer, the heat was intense, and the sound of crackling trees was 10 . Finally, after what felt like forever, the 11 arrived. They worked really hard and managed to 12 the fire, leading us to safety. Now, each time I 13 for a trip, my hands stop on the first-aid kit placed in the side pocket. Checking supplies isn’t a 14 task — it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream. Those burnt hiking boots still sit under my bed, a sharp 15 of how fast joy can turn to fear. 1．A．pictured B．promised C．forgot D．remembered 2．A．continent B．fields C．woods D．plain 3．A．disappear B．repeat C．escape D．strike 4．A．sound B．taste C．smell D．touch 5．A．racing B．walking C．climbing D．flowing 6．A．Anger B．Panic C．Calm D．Joy 7．A．busy B．dead C．loud D．secure 8．A．walked B．drove C．swam D．rushed 9．A．rescue B．animals C．flames D．landslide 10．A．frightening B．thrilling C．fascinating D．annoying 11．A．doctors B．hikers C．volunteers D．firefighters 12．A．break down B．put out C．pick up D．make out 13．A．pack B．arrange C．collect D．organize 14．A．stress-related B．well-meant C．trouble-filled D．bitter-sweet 15．A．reward B．surprise C．tongue D．reminder 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友们在森林露营时遭遇野火，最终成功获救的经历。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想象着一个充满乐趣和探索的周末，想象着我们自己在森林里徒步旅行，晚上围着篝火讲故事。A. pictured想象；B. promised承诺；C. forgot忘记；D. remembered记得。根据下文“a weekend full of fun and exploration, imagining ourselves hiking”可知，此处是想象露营的场景。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想象着一个充满乐趣和探索的周末，想象着我们自己在森林里徒步旅行，晚上围着篝火讲故事。A. continent大陆；B. fields田野；C. woods森林；D. plain平原。根据上文“a camping trip in a remote forest”、“imagining ourselves hiking through the”可知，此处指在森林里徒步旅行。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一点也不知道，一场噩梦即将降临。A. disappear消失；B. repeat重复；C. escape逃跑；D. strike降临，打击。根据上文“Little did we know, a nightmare was about to”可知，还没去旅行，此处指不知道噩梦即将降临。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我们在篝火旁做午饭时，一股奇怪的、烧焦的气味突然钻进了我的鼻子。A. sound声音；B. taste味道；C. smell气味；D. touch触摸。根据上文“a strange, burning”以及下文“hit my nose”、“a wildfire”可知，火灾发生，此处指闻到烧焦的气味。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊恐的是，一场野火正以最快的速度向我们袭来！A. racing疾驰，迅速移动；B. walking行走；C. climbing爬；D. flowing流动。根据下文“towards us at top speed”可知，此处指野火迅速袭来。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐慌袭来，我们迅速把重要的东西塞进背包。A. Anger愤怒；B. Panic恐慌；C. Calm冷静；D. Joy快乐。根据上文“To our horror, a wildfire was _____ towards us at top speed!”可知，遇到野火人们会感到恐慌，此处指恐慌袭来。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们试图呼救时，我们的手机失灵了。A. busy忙碌的；B. dead失灵的；C. loud大声的；D. secure安全的。根据下文“But when we tried to call for help, our phones were”可知，此处为转折关系，想呼救，手机却失灵了。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们记得之前学过的应急计划，于是冲向附近的一条小溪。A. walked行走；B. drove驾驶；C. swam游泳；D. rushed冲。根据下文“towards a small stream nearby”可知，情况危急，应是快速跑向小溪。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：流动的水为即将到来的火焰提供了一些保护。A. rescue救援；B. animals动物；C. flames火焰；D. landslide山体滑坡。根据上文“The flowing water provided some protection”以及上文提到野火可知，野火正在靠近，此处指为即将到来的火焰提供了一些保护。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着火势越来越近，热浪逼人，树木噼啪作响的声音令人恐惧。A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. thrilling令人兴奋的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. annoying恼人的。根据下文“As the fire got closer, the heat was intense”可知，野火场景让人害怕，所以树木噼啪作响的声音令人恐惧。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，在感觉过了很久之后，消防员来了。A. doctors医生；B. hikers徒步旅行者；C. volunteers志愿者；D. firefighters消防员。根据下文“They worked really hard and managed to ______ the fire”可知，灭火的是消防员，此处指消防员来了。故选D。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们非常努力地工作，终于把火扑灭了，把我们带到了安全的地方。A. break down分解；B. put out扑灭；C. pick up捡起；D. make out辨认出。根据下文“the fire”以及“leading us to safety”可知，此处指消防员把火扑灭了。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每次我收拾行李去旅行时，我的手都会停在侧袋里的急救箱上。A. pack收拾行李；B. arrange安排；C. collect收集；D. organize组织。根据下文“for a trip, my hands stop on the first-aid kit placed in the side pocket”可知，此处指收拾行李去旅行。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：检查补给并不是一件麻烦的事——这是我在溪边对过去的自己默默点头。A. stress-related与压力有关的；B. well-meant善意的；C. trouble-filled充满麻烦的；D. bitter-sweet苦乐参半的。根据上文“Checking supplies isn’t a”和下文“it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream”可知，此处指检查补给并不是一件麻烦的事，是必要的。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那双烧焦的登山靴仍然放在我的床下，尖锐地提醒着我快乐是多么容易变成恐惧。A. reward奖励；B. surprise惊讶；C. tongue舌头；D. reminder提醒物。根据下文“how fast joy can turn to fear”可知，鞋子是那次经历的提醒，此处指烧焦的登山靴提醒着作者快乐是多么容易变成恐惧。故选D。 二、完形填空（夹叙夹议文） Ever felt like you just can’t stop getting angry at your kids? Me too. And after many years of parenting and coaching 16 , I’ve realized that we can build up our 17 , regardless of how rude or annoying our kids act. Years ago, I found myself home with my kids on the first 18 spring day. I was so excited to open the windows. An hour or so later, the kids 19 my favorite vase while messing around, and I lost my 20 , shouting loudly. Remembering the open windows, I 21 turned to see a couple of my neighbors looking my 22 . I did what any person would do — I dropped to the floor, out of sight, 23 they hadn’t actually heard me. While we are 24 to remain patient all the time, sometimes our patience runs out. We lose control of our emotions. We say things we 25 later. We may even try to 26 our impatience from people we know, like our neighbors. The word “patience” gets thrown around so much that we 27 what it means. The dictionary explains patience is “the ability to 28 waiting, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset.” I also find some books have amazing parenting 29 . They say patience is more than 30 sudden anger; it is also a way to love our kids. 16．A．leaders B．patients C．neighbors D．families 17．A．tolerance B．kindness C．curiosity D．determination 18．A．quiet B．beautiful C．rainy D．familiar 19．A．dusted B．moved C．broke D．emptied 20．A．face B．cool C．focus D．identity 21．A．accidentally B．guiltily C．awkwardly D．slowly 22．A．way B．difficulty C．skill D．emotion 23．A．realizing B．reminding C．imaging D．hoping 24．A．able B．eager C．hesitant D．proud 25．A．consider B．change C．prove D．regret 26．A．hide B．stress C．reveal D．find 27．A．forget B．explore C．understand D．value 28．A．avoid B．question C．accept D．ignore 29．A．rules B．tasks C．tradition D．wisdom 30．A．watching out B．holding back C．making up D．looking back 【答案】 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过个人经历、普遍现象的分析以及对耐心定义的探讨，传达了耐心在育儿中的重要性。作者鼓励父母们培养耐心，以更好地应对育儿过程中的挑战，并表达对孩子的爱。 【详解】16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在多年的育儿和指导家庭的经历中，我逐渐明白，即便孩子的行为粗鲁无礼、令人讨厌，我们也能培养出相应的容忍度。A. leaders领导者；B. patients病人；C. neighbors邻居；D. families家庭。根据上文“Ever felt like you just can’t stop getting angry at your kids? Me too. And after many years of parenting and coaching”可知，作者在本文要探讨对待孩子方面的问题，由此可推知，作者应该是从事家庭教育相关的工作，“指导家庭”符合语境，故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在多年的育儿和指导家庭的经历中，我逐渐明白，即便孩子的行为粗鲁无礼、令人讨厌，我们也能培养出相应的容忍度。A. tolerance宽容；B. kindness善良；C. curiosity好奇心；D. determination决心。根据后文“regardless of how rude or annoying our kids act”以及第9空后“sometimes our patience runs out”可知，此处指培养自己的宽容心，故选A。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在一个美好的春日和孩子们待在家里。A. quiet安静的；B. beautiful美丽的，美好的；C. rainy下雨的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“I was so excited to open the windows”可知，作者很兴奋打开窗户，说明天气很好，是一个美好的春日。故选B。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，孩子们在胡闹时打碎了我最喜欢的花瓶，我失去了冷静，大声喊叫。A. dusted掸去灰尘；B. moved移动；C. broke打破；D. emptied清空。根据后文“shouting loudly”可知，作者失去了冷静，大声喊叫，说明花瓶被打碎了，故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，孩子们在胡闹时打碎了我最喜欢的花瓶，我失去了冷静，大声喊叫。A. face脸；B. cool平静；C. focus焦点；D. identity身份。根据后文“shouting loudly”可知，作者大声喊叫，说明失去了冷静，lose one’s cool意为“失去冷静”，故选B。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：想起窗户是开着的，我尴尬地转头看到几个邻居正看着我这边。A. accidentally偶然地；B. guiltily内疚地；C. awkwardly尴尬地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据上文“Remembering the open windows”以及后文“a couple of my neighbors looking my”可知，作者想起窗户是开着的，尴尬地转过身看到邻居看着自己，故选C。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想起窗户是开着的，我尴尬地转过身去，看到几个邻居正看着我。A. way方式；B. difficulty困难；C. skill技能；D. emotion情感。根据上文“a couple of my neighbors looking my”可知，作者大喊，窗户开着，邻居应该是听到了并且正看着作者，look one’s way意为“看着某人”，故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我趴在地上，躲开视线，希望他们其实没听到我喊叫。A. realizing意识到；B. reminding提醒；C. imaging想象；D. hoping希望。根据后文“they hadn’t actually heard me”可知，作者趴在地板上，是希望邻居没有看到自己，没有听到自己的喊叫，故选D。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们一直渴望始终保持耐心，但有时我们的耐心也会耗尽。A. able能够的；B. eager渴望的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. proud骄傲的。根据后文“to remain patient all the time”可知，父母都渴望保持耐心，此处指我们渴望能够一直保持耐心，但是有时候仍然会失去耐心，故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们说了一些后来后悔的话。A. consider考虑；B. change改变；C. prove证明；D. regret后悔。根据上文“We lose control of our emotions”可知，失去对情绪的控制，就会说一些后来后悔的话，故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至可能试图向我们认识的人隐藏我们的不耐烦，比如我们的邻居。A. hide隐藏；B. stress强调；C. reveal揭示；D. find找到。根据上文“ Remembering the open windows, I ______ turned to see a couple of my neighbors looking my______. I did what any person would do — I dropped to the floor, out of sight”和下文“our impatience from people we know, like our neighbors”可知，作者不想让邻居看到自己发脾气，其实是在向邻居隐藏自己的不耐烦，故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“耐心”这个词被用得太多了，以至于我们都忘记了它的意思。A. forget忘记；B. explore探索；C. understand理解；D. value重视。根据上文“The word “patience” gets thrown around so much”和下文“The dictionary explains patience is “the ability to ______ waiting, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset.””可知，下文描述查字典解释，所以此处指忘记“耐心”含义，故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：词典中解释说，耐心指的是“能够接受等待、麻烦或痛苦而不生气或沮丧的能力”。A. avoid避免；B. question质疑；C. accept接受；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“waiting, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset”可知，此处是在说词典里对耐心的定义，耐心是指接受等待、麻烦或痛苦的能力，故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还发现一些书有惊人的育儿智慧。A. rules规则；B. tasks任务；C. tradition传统；D. wisdom智慧。根据后文“They say patience is more than”和“it is also a way to love our kids”可知，书上有关于育儿的智慧，故选D。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们说，耐心不仅仅是抑制突然的愤怒；它也是一种爱我们的孩子的方式。A. watching out小心；B. holding back抑制；C. making up编造；D. looking back回顾。根据上文“without getting angry”和后文“sudden anger”可知，此处是说耐心是不生气，不生气就是要抑制突然的愤怒，故选B。 一、基础练习题 One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 1 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 3 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 4 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailed behind me, their minds racing with 6 . Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 8 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 9 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 11 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 12 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So...we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a   14 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 15 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 1．A．Ignoring B．Sensing C．Criticizing D．Celebrating 2．A．complain B．argue C．explain D．announce 3．A．mountain B．river C．desert D．forest 4．A．survive B．enjoy C．remember D．control 5．A．curious B．silent C．shocked D．amused 6．A．plans B．guesses C．decisions D．jokes 7．A．hungry B．magical C．fierce D．imaginary 8．A．grew B．emerged C．faded D．fell 9．A．Calling on B．Pointing at C．Turning to D．Waiting for 10．A．joy B．fear C．anger D．hope 11．A．heard B．missed C．avoided D．recorded 12．A．beauty B．harmony C．warmth D．mystery 13．A．refuse B．pretend C．forget D．hate 14．A．game B．battle C．gift D．journey 15．A．present B．chance C．effort D．luck 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了一位老师通过带学生前往森林的体验式教学，解答了“为何很多人会迷茫”的问题，让学生明白不应因恐惧未来而错过当下的美好，活在当下才能塑造未来。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：察觉到他们的好奇心后，我决定通过亲身经历来指导他们，而非简单地进行解释。A. Ignoring忽视，不理睬；B. Sensing察觉到，意识到；C. Criticizing批评，指责；D. Celebrating庆祝，赞美。根据下文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience”可知，老师察觉到学生们的好奇心，决定用体验而非说教的方式解答。 2．考查动词。句意：察觉到他们的好奇心后，我决定通过亲身经历来指导他们，而非简单地进行解释。A. complain抱怨，发牢骚；B. argue争论，辩论；C. explain解释，说明；D. announce宣布，宣告。根据上文“through experience rather than simply”可知，与“亲身实践”相对的是“口头解释”。 3．考查名词。句意：我说着，带着他们走向附近的森林。A. mountain山，山脉；B. river河流；C. desert沙漠；D. forest森林。后文明确提到“we stopped at the forest’s edge”，因此老师带学生去的是附近的森林。 4．考查动词。句意：利亚姆紧张地补充道。“我们真的能在这活下来吗？”A. survive幸存，活下来；B. enjoy享受，喜爱；C. remember记得，记住；D. control控制，掌控。根据上文“Are there wild animals?”学生们担心有野生动物，颤抖着问“我们能活下来吗？”，体现了他们极度的恐惧。 5．考查形容词。句意：我保持沉默，平静地走在前面。A. curious好奇的；B. silent沉默的；C. shocked震惊的；D. amused觉得好笑的。根据后文“yet I said nothing”可知，老师保持沉默，只是平静地往前走。 6．考查名词。句意：学生们跟在我后面，他们的脑海中满是猜测。A. plans计划；B. guesses猜测，猜想；C. decisions决定；D. jokes玩笑。根据下文“Some panicked over ______ lions; others pictured snakes.”可知，学生们不知道目的地和此行目的，脑子里充满了各种不确定的猜想。 7．考查形容词。句意：有些人因想象中的狮子而惊慌失措；另一些人则描绘着蛇的景象。A. hungry饥饿的；B. magical神奇的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. imaginary想象中的，虚构的。根据下文“others pictured snakes”可知，学生们想象着危险。 8．考查动词。句意：每走一步，他们的焦虑就加剧一分，但我什么也没说。A. grew增长，加剧；B. emerged出现，浮现；C. faded消退，减弱；D. fell下降，跌落。根据语境以及上文“With every step”可知，随着一步步靠近森林，学生们对未知的恐惧不断加深，焦虑情绪持续加剧。 9．考查动词短语。句意：我转向他们，微笑着说道：“别担心——我们不会进去的。”A. Calling on号召，呼吁；B. Pointing at指向；C. Turning to转向；D. Waiting for等待。根据语境以及下文“I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering.””可知，老师一直走在队伍前面，到达目的地后，需要转过身来面对学生才能开始说话。 10．考查名词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. joy快乐，喜悦；B. fear恐惧，害怕；C. anger愤怒，生气；D. hope希望。根据后文“let fear take over”可知，此处指的是学生们太害怕未知的事物了。 11．考查动词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. heard听到；B. missed错过，未注意到；C. avoided避免；D. recorded记录。根据下文“we’ll miss its wonders”可知，因为学生们全神贯注于对未知的恐惧，所以错过了身边的鸟鸣和阳光。 12．考查名词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. beauty美景，美好；B. harmony和谐；C. warmth温暖；D. mystery神秘。根据上文“the birds singing”和“the sunlight filtering through the leaves”可知，都是大自然中具体的美好事物，用“beauty”可以概括性地指代这些身边的风景。 13．考查动词。句意：“所以……我们总是过于担忧未来，以至于忘记了当下该做什么？”A. refuse拒绝；B. pretend假装；C. forget忘记；D. hate讨厌。根据上文“we worry so much about the future”可知，杰克的感悟是对老师观点的总结：人们过度担忧未来，以至于忘记了活在当下。 14．考查名词。句意：“正是如此，”我回答道，“生活是一段旅程。”A. game游戏；B. battle战斗；C. gift礼物；D. journey旅程。根据下文“we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，此处指的是“生活是一场旅程”，与后文“错过沿途的奇迹”完美呼应。 15．考查名词。句意：这个道理虽然简单却意义深远：当下塑造着未来。A. present当下，现在；B. chance机会；C. effort努力；D. luck运气。根据下文“Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts.”可知，此处为文章主旨升华：当下塑造未来，不要让恐惧偷走今天的礼物。与前文“live now”“today’s gifts”形成完美呼应。 二、进阶练习题 On my way to meet an old friend I hadn’t seen for years, I drove into the restaurant’s car park (停车场). I 16 him standing by the entrance. After parking, I walked towards him but saw a beggar sitting near the far end of the 17 . I stopped for a moment and handed him some spare 18 before continuing. When I 19 my friend, I noticed him gently shaking his head from side to side. “You’ve always been too 20 ,” he said. “How do you know he really needs help? What if he 21 your money on bad habits?” We spent an hour eating and 22 what had happened in our lives over the years. Then we split (分摊) the bill 23 . My friend shook his head again when he saw me leave a large tip for the waitress. “You never change!” he said. I laughed. As he drove off, I thought about his 24 . His wallet was 25 more filled than mine, but I knew my heart felt much lighter than his. In the world’s view, he was richer, but in my own heart, I felt 26 . I have long held the 27 that we should treat everyone with love. We are taught to see every person as a friend, no matter their background. It really makes no 28 whether they are rich or poor, healthy or sick, homeless or disabled. Don’t be afraid to have a soft 29 . Every little bit of love we give helps make the world a better place. That is a truth I will always 30 . 16．A．reached out B．looked forward to C．cared about D．took notice of 17．A．park B．universe C．building D．sidewalk 18．A．tuition B．clothes C．change D．envelopes 19．A．attached B．approached C．folded D．argued 20．A．generous B．selfish C．keen D．intelligent 21．A．earns B．rejects C．wastes D．claims 22．A．electing B．comparing C．regretting D．sharing 23．A．equally B．fatally C．briefly D．neatly 24．A．analysis B．comments C．items D．riddles 25．A．rarely B．secretly C．globally D．definitely 26．A．sharper B．keener C．wealthier D．tougher 27．A．mission B．procedure C．pattern D．belief 28．A．difference B．sense C．fortune D．decision 29．A．journal B．heart C．pillow D．voice 30．A．occur B．contain C．treasure D．whisper 【答案】 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C 【导语】作者前去赴老友之约，途中接济乞丐、给服务员留小费，遭到朋友劝解，作者却始终心怀善意，坚信心怀仁爱、乐于付出，内心便会拥有真正的富足。 【详解】16．考查动词短语。句意：我注意到他站在入口处。A. reached out伸出；B. looked forward to期盼；C. cared about关心；D. took notice of注意到。根据上文“On my way to meet an old friend”和“I drove into the restaurant’s car park”作者开车进入停车场赴约的场景，可知作者看到了等候在入口的朋友。 17．考查名词。句意：停好车后我朝他走去，却看见一名乞丐坐在停车场远处。A. park停车场；B. universe宇宙；C. building建筑物；D. sidewalk人行道。根据上文“I drove into the restaurant’s car park”以及“After parking”可知，乞丐在停车场里。 18．考查名词。句意：我停下脚步，递给了他一些零钱后继续往前走。A. tuition学费；B. clothes衣服；C. change零钱；D. envelopes信封。根据下文朋友质疑“What if he ____ your money on bad habits?”可知，作者递给乞丐的是钱，结合语境可知是零钱。 19．考查动词。句意：当我走近朋友时，我看见他轻轻摇着头。A. attached依附；B. approached靠近；C. folded折叠；D. argued争论。根据前文“After parking, I walked towards him”作者施舍完乞丐继续朝朋友走去，可知此处是走到朋友身边。 20．考查形容词。句意：你向来都太大方了。A. generous大方的；B. selfish自私的；C. keen热衷的；D. intelligent聪慧的。根据上文“I stopped for a moment and handed him some spare ____ before continuing.”作者给乞丐零钱，以及下文朋友质疑作者随意接济他人、担心钱被浪费的态度，可知朋友认为作者过于慷慨。 21．考查动词。句意：万一他把你的钱挥霍在坏习惯上怎么办？A. earns赚取；B. rejects拒绝；C. wastes浪费；D. claims声称。根据上文“How do you know he really needs help?”可知，朋友不认同作者施舍乞丐的行为，结合空后“bad habits”，朋友担心作者的钱被胡乱挥霍浪费。 22．考查动词。句意：我们吃了一小时的饭，分享这些年来彼此生活里发生的事。A. electing选举；B. comparing对比；C. regretting后悔；D. sharing分享。根据上文“an old friend I hadn’t seen for years”多年未见的老友相聚的语境，可知二人会闲谈、分享这些年的生活经历。 23．考查副词。句意：之后我们平分了餐费。A. equally平等地；B. fatally致命地；C. briefly简短地；D. neatly整洁地。根据上文“split (分摊) the bill”以及日常好友聚餐的相处模式，可知二人均分了账单，“equally”体现“平分”的含义。 24．考查名词。句意：看着朋友驾车离开，我想起了他说的那些话。A. analysis分析；B. comments言论；C. items物品；D. riddles谜语。根据上文朋友说的“You’ve always been too ____”、“How do you know he really needs help?”和“You never change!”可知，此处指代朋友此前说的所有话语。 25．考查副词。句意：他的钱包确实比我的更加充盈。A. rarely很少；B. secretly秘密地；C. globally全球地；D. definitely确实。根据下文“In the world’s view, he was richer”世俗眼光里朋友更加富有，结合现实语境可知，朋友的钱包确实比作者的更充盈。 26．考查形容词比较级。句意：但在我自己心中，我觉得自己更加富足。A. sharper更敏锐的；B. keener更热切的；C. wealthier更富足的；D. tougher更坚强的。根据上文“His wallet was ____ more filled than mine, but I knew my heart felt much lighter than his”可知，朋友物质上更富有，但作者内心更轻松、精神上更富足。 27．考查名词。句意：我一直秉持着待人以善意的观念。A. mission使命；B. procedure流程；C. pattern模式；D. belief信念。根据下文“we should treat everyone with love. We are taught to see every person as a friend, no matter their background”可知，这是作者长久以来坚守的内心想法和信念。 28．考查名词。句意：他们贫穷或是富有、健康或是病痛、无家可归或是身有残疾，这些都无关紧要。A. difference差异；B. sense意义；C. fortune运气；D. decision决定。根据上文“that we should treat everyone with love”可知，作者秉持的“待人以善意”的信念，此处表示人的出身、境遇都无关紧要，固定搭配“make no difference”表示“毫无影响、无关紧要”。 29．考查名词。句意：不要害怕拥有一颗柔软善良的心。A. journal日记；B. heart内心；C. pillow枕头；D. voice声音。根据全文倡导心怀善意、乐于助人的主旨，以及上文作者接济乞丐、给小费的善良行为，可知此处劝慰人们保持善心、拥有柔软的内心。 30．考查动词。句意：这是我会永远珍视的道理。A. occur发生；B. contain包含；C. treasure珍视；D. whisper低语。根据上文作者始终坚守善意处世的态度，以及上文“Every little bit of love we give helps make the world a better place”，可知作者会格外看重、珍视这份真理。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $