暑假作业Day 5 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以八下Unit1为核心，通过基础词汇语法与灾害主题语篇的阶梯式整合，实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础打卡|30题（填空/单选/完成句子）|聚焦词汇（如interview, knowledge）、语法（过去进行时/连词while）的直接应用|从单词拼写、语法规则到句式转换，构建"词汇-语法-基础表达"的渐进逻辑链| |能力提升打卡|5题型（完形/阅读/任务型/短文填空/书面表达）|以灾害情境（台风/洪水）为载体，考查语篇理解、信息提取及综合写作|通过真实语篇整合语言知识与防灾主题，培养文化意识（人类命运共同体）和学习能力（问题解决）|

Day 5 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 八下Unit1模拟练习（原卷版） 基础打卡 1、 根据句意，首字母或汉语提示填空。 1. I felt __ (非常，极其) sorry when I heard that my best friend lost his pet dog yesterday. 2. The reporter is ___ (采访) a famous scientist about environmental protection in the library now. 3. She has a good ________ (知识) of computer skills. 4. I got up late this morning because my a____ was broken and it didn’t wake me up. 5. Don’t skate on the ice. It’s not t________ enough. 6. Several v________ are working together to clean up the park. 7.He is ________ (不幸的). He fell down again. 8.My brother is watching TV. The weather r__ says there will be rain in the South China tomorrow. 9.The magician (魔术师) w_________ his hand and the pigeons appeared. 10.N_________ 40% of the students in our class are from the nearby town. 2、 单项选择。 ()1.The rainstorm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classroom. A．was looking for B．looked for C．is looking for D．looks for ()2. If you ________ Tom in the chess competition, you can ________ an award. A．win; win B．beat; beat C．win; beat D．beat; win ()3. My parents want me to get into the habit of doing homework ___ I get home from school. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as well as ()4.Haitao read an English book every two weeks. ________, his English reading improved and his writing got better too. A．On time B．At first C．In a hurry D．As a result ()5. My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read ()6. Toby was watering the flowers ________ Jim was sweeping the floor in the classroom. A．until B．when C．while D．if ()7. —What shall we do to kill time this afternoon? —Well, ________ it’s Star Cinema’s half-price day today, why not go to watch a film? A．since B．though C．unless D．until ()8. —There are many natural wonders in China like Yangtze river and Yellow river. —That’s true. Yangtze river is 6,300 kilometers ________and the Yellow river is 5,464 kilometers in ________. A． long; long B．long; length C．length; length D．length; long ()9. While I ________ the bus, I saw an old man fall down suddenly. A．wait for B．am waiting for C．was waiting for D．waited for ()10.He felt really ________ when he made mistakes in front of foreign visitors. A．relaxed B．embarrassed C．excited D．calm 3、 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.所以，当出现分歧时，领导者应该承担起责任。 So the leader should take responsibility ________________ . 2.Please ________ (报道) the latest news about the event. 3.除了天气有点冷，我们的野餐还是很愉快的。 _________ _________ the cold weather, our picnic was very enjoyable. 4.年轻的警卫为能报效国家而骄傲。 The young ________ was ________ to serve his country. 5.当往下掉的时候，她在想她的猫。 While she was falling, she ________ ________ about her cat. 6.镇上最差的服装店是哪一个？ Which is ________ ________ clothes store in town? 7.我们一直向对方扔雪球，叫着，笑着。 We kept ______________, ______________. 8.当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。 When he ________ up, the sun was ________. 9. 除非他把尾巴藏起来，否则他就不能把自己变成人。 ________ he can ________ his tail, he can’t turn himself into a man. 10.杰克今天早上复习了功课,是吗? Jack ________ his school work this morning, ________ he? 能力提升打卡 四、完形填空。 Grace Darling was a very brave (勇敢的) girl. She lived in a lighthouse (灯塔) with her father. One night there was a terrible storm. A ship suddenly hit the     1    . The wind was so     2     that the lighthouse keeper couldn’t take his boat out to save the people on the ship. All night long the terrible waves were     3     against the ship and at last broke it up. The storm lasted all night. It seemed that no one could     4    . When morning was coming, Grace Darling could see that a few people were     5     on the ship. So she asked her father to go to help them. Though she was only a young girl, she went with her father and helped     6     to row (划船). She didn’t     7     herself. All she wanted was to save the poor people on the broken     8    . In the end, Grace and her father reached them. It wasn’t easy to get them on their little boat, because they were nearly frozen with cold, and could     9     move. But they tried their best and at last they     10     in taking the few remaining people to the lighthouse. It was because of Grace’s great courage (勇气) that their lives were saved. 1. 1.A．chairs B．roofs C．rocks 2.A．sick B．strong C．rich 3.A．beating B．touching C．arguing 4.A．stop B．enter C．survive 5.A．still B．also C．even 6.A．me B．you C．him 7.A．look after B．think of C．search for 8.A．earth B．ship C．pool 9.A．hardly B．early C．nearly 10.A．failed B．succeeded C．joined 五、阅读理解。 A A flood disaster Place: Shuiyun Village Date: May 10th Weather: 8:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m. The flood: The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: Mr Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. Mrs Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. Eric Smith was playing computer games. Annie Smith was playing the piano. Action: Policemen arrived there soon. People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Shuiyun Village. 1. When did the heavy rain start on May 10th? A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening. 2. How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. 3. Where did the flood first appear? A．In the north of the village. B．In the south of the village. C．In the centre of the village. 4. What can we know from the passage? A．People got no help from other places. B．People didn’t know the flood was coming. C．The flood brought little trouble to the village. B  A little knowledge can make a difference at a time of life or death. May 12th is China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (防灾减灾日). It helps people learn more about keeping safe in disasters.     1     Disasters like earthquakes may happen all of a sudden, so we need to know how to safeguard ourselves. Stay calm when an earthquake happens.     2     Do not scream or run around, or you will get into trouble. Do not run out at once if you are indoors.     3     Hide under a strong desk or table to protect your head. Stay away from windows, heavy furniture or anything that may fall on you.     4     Make sure you are far from dangerous things. Never stand under tall buildings, trees or power lines. After the shaking stops, there is still much to do. Check if you are hurt and use simple first aid.     5     It is necessary to call for help so that firefighters and volunteers will come to rescue you soon. Follow these rules, and you can stay much safer in an earthquake. A．Being calm can help you make the right choice. B．Please remember that danger does not end right away. C．It is important to find a safe place to hide at once. D．Go to a nearby open place right away if you are outdoors. E．It is also a day to tell people how to stay away from accidents. F．Staying safe is the most important rule for every student. G．Go into a tall building right away when you are outside. 六．任务型阅读。阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought－hit areas in China. In 2022, there was very little rain in Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Guizhou, experienced a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked (裂开), and wells and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people were having difficulty in finding safe drinking water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Every member of the Communist Youth League (共青团) and Young Pioneers (少先队) was encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primary schools and middle schools quickly joined in the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize the importance of saving water. Students from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong, went on the street to tell people to take part in water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy (含有泥土的) water. I feel really sad about that, ”said one student. “I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water, ”he said. 1. Why did a serious drought happen in Southwest China?     1     2. What did the people in drought-hit areas need most?     2     3. What did people do after learning about the drought?     3     4. How much water did the students in Yuhua Primary School buy with their pocket money?     4     5. Do you save water in your daily life? What do you often do to save water? 5     七、短文填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the     1     (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people     2     (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came     3     the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was     4     (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full     5     (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind     6     (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in     7     (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the     8     (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became     9     (hero) . Though nature showed     10     (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 答案：1.southwestern 2.not to go 3.to 4.nearly 5.preparations 6.beat 7.hidden 8.worst 9.heroes 10.its 解析：导语 本文讲述超强台风来袭前后的全过程，描写台风登陆时的破坏景象，灾后人们遭受的损失，同时歌颂灾难面前普通人化身英雄、众志成城的人性力量。 【小题 1】句意：它发生在该国西南部地区。修饰名词 part 需用形容词，southwest 的形容词形式为 southwestern，意为 “西南部的”。故填 southwestern。 【小题 2】句意：当气象中心警告人们不要外出时，许多人开始意识到危险。固定搭配 warn sb. not to do sth.，表示 “警告某人不要做某事”。故填 not to go。 【小题 3】句意：风暴抵达附近岛屿海岸，并快速向小镇移动。固定搭配 come to + 地点，表示 “抵达某地”，介词 to 符合搭配。故填 to。 【小题 4】句意：虽然台风还很远，但风速接近每小时 200 公里。修饰数字 200 kilometers per hour 要用副词，near 的副词 nearly 意为 “几乎，接近”。故填 nearly。 【小题 5】句意：当地政府帮助各个家庭为即将到来的灾难做好充分准备。固定搭配 make full preparations，preparation 表示 “准备工作” 时常用复数形式。故填 preparations。 【小题 6】句意：台风来袭时，狂风猛烈撞击窗户和屋顶。全文时态为一般过去时，beat 的过去式为 beat。故填 beat。 【小题 7】句意：许多人待在家中隐蔽的角落，比如地下室或内侧走廊来保护自身安全。修饰名词 corners 需用形容词，hidden 意为 “隐蔽的、隐藏的”。故填 hidden。 【小题 8】句意：这是该地区过去五十年来最严重的台风。范围 in the past fifty years 表示三者以上比较，用形容词最高级，bad 的最高级为 worst。故填 worst。 【小题 9】句意：灾难面前，普通人都成为了英雄。主语 people 为复数，hero 使用复数形式 heroes。故填 heroes。 【小题 10】句意：尽管大自然展露了它可怕的一面，人类的精神依旧坚韧。修饰名词 temper 需用形容词性物主代词，it 对应的形容词性物主代词是 its。故填 its。 书面表达。 自然灾害总会突如其来。5月12日是全国防灾减灾日，为宣传让青少年学会应对灾害、意识到保护自己是重要的生存技能，学校英文报社以“An Unforgettable Natural Disaster Experience”为题写一篇英语征稿：讲述一次你难忘的自然灾害经历，包括灾害发生的情景、你的应对方式及从中得到的感悟。 要点包括： 1．灾害发生的情景（如当时你在哪里、正在做什么，天气或环境如何变化）； 2．你的应对方式（你做了什么来保护自己或帮助他人）； 3．你的感悟（从这次经历中学到了什么，或认识到了哪些重要的生存技能）。 注意事项： 1．文中不得出现真实的校名、人名等信息； 2．字数在120词左右； 3．语句流利通顺，意思完整。 An Unforgettable Natural Disaster Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Day 5 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 八下Unit1模拟练习（解析版） 基础打卡 1、 根据句意，首字母或汉语提示填空。 1. I felt __ (非常，极其) sorry when I heard that my best friend lost his pet dog yesterday. 2. The reporter is ___ (采访) a famous scientist about environmental protection in the library now. 3. She has a good ________ (知识) of computer skills. 4. I got up late this morning because my a____ was broken and it didn’t wake me up. 5. Don’t skate on the ice. It’s not t________ enough. 6. Several v________ are working together to clean up the park. 7.He is ________ (不幸的). He fell down again. 8.My brother is watching TV. The weather r__ says there will be rain in the South China tomorrow. 9.The magician (魔术师) w_________ his hand and the pigeons appeared. 10.N_________ 40% of the students in our class are from the nearby town. 答案：1.terribly 2.interview 3.knowledge 4.alarm 5.thick 6.volunteers 7.unlucky 8.report 9.waved 10.Nearly 2、 单项选择。 ()1.The rainstorm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classroom. A．was looking for B．looked for C．is looking for D．looks for ()2. If you ________ Tom in the chess competition, you can ________ an award. A．win; win B．beat; beat C．win; beat D．beat; win ()3. My parents want me to get into the habit of doing homework ___ I get home from school. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as well as ()4.Haitao read an English book every two weeks. ________, his English reading improved and his writing got better too. A．On time B．At first C．In a hurry D．As a result ()5. My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read ()6. Toby was watering the flowers ________ Jim was sweeping the floor in the classroom. A．until B．when C．while D．if ()7. —What shall we do to kill time this afternoon? —Well, ________ it’s Star Cinema’s half-price day today, why not go to watch a film? A．since B．though C．unless D．until ()8. —There are many natural wonders in China like Yangze river and Yellow river. —That’s true. Yangtze river is 6,300 kilometers ________and the Yellow river is 5,464 kilometers in ________. A． long; long B．long; length C．length; length D．length; long ()9. While I ________ the bus, I saw an old man fall down suddenly. A．wait for B．am waiting for C．was waiting for D．waited for ()10.He felt really ________ when he made mistakes in front of foreign visitors. A．relaxed B．embarrassed C．excited D．calm 答案：1.A 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.B 3、 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.所以，当出现分歧时，领导者应该承担起责任。 So the leader should take responsibility ________________ . 2.Please ________ (报道) the latest news about the event. 3.除了天气有点冷，我们的野餐还是很愉快的。 _________ _________ the cold weather, our picnic was very enjoyable. 4.年轻的警卫为能报效国家而骄傲。 The young ________ was ________ to serve his country. 5.当往下掉的时候，她在想她的猫。 While she was falling, she ________ ________ about her cat. 6.镇上最差的服装店是哪一个？ Which is ________ ________ clothes store in town? 7.我们一直向对方扔雪球，叫着，笑着。 We kept ______________, ______________. 8.当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。 When he ________ up, the sun was ________. 9. 除非他把尾巴藏起来，否则他就不能把自己变成人。 ________ he can ________ his tail, he can’t turn himself into a man. 10.杰克今天早上复习了功课,是吗? Jack ________ his school work this morning, ________ he? 答案：1.when disagreements appear/ when there are disagreements 2.report 3.Except for 4.guard; proud 5.was thinking 6.the worst 7.throwing snowballs at each other; shouting and laughing 8.woke; rising 9.Unless; hide 10.reviewed; didn’t 能力提升打卡 四、完形填空。 Grace Darling was a very brave (勇敢的) girl. She lived in a lighthouse (灯塔) with her father. One night there was a terrible storm. A ship suddenly hit the     1    . The wind was so     2     that the lighthouse keeper couldn’t take his boat out to save the people on the ship. All night long the terrible waves were     3     against the ship and at last broke it up. The storm lasted all night. It seemed that no one could     4    . When morning was coming, Grace Darling could see that a few people were     5     on the ship. So she asked her father to go to help them. Though she was only a young girl, she went with her father and helped     6     to row (划船). She didn’t     7     herself. All she wanted was to save the poor people on the broken     8    . In the end, Grace and her father reached them. It wasn’t easy to get them on their little boat, because they were nearly frozen with cold, and could     9     move. But they tried their best and at last they     10     in taking the few remaining people to the lighthouse. It was because of Grace’s great courage (勇气) that their lives were saved. 1. 1.A．chairs B．roofs C．rocks 2.A．sick B．strong C．rich 3.A．beating B．touching C．arguing 4.A．stop B．enter C．survive 5.A．still B．also C．even 6.A．me B．you C．him 7.A．look after B．think of C．search for 8.A．earth B．ship C．pool 9.A．hardly B．early C．nearly 10.A．failed B．succeeded C．joined 答案：1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 解析： 语篇：本文讲述勇敢女孩 Grace Darling 和父亲在暴风雨后，不顾危险划船营救失事船只幸存者的故事，赞美了女孩无畏的勇气与善良。 【小题 1】句意：一艘船突然撞上了岩石。 chairs 椅子；roofs 屋顶；rocks 岩石。海上船只失事，通常是撞击礁石，只有 rocks 符合海上场景，故选 C。 【小题 2】句意：风太大了，灯塔看守人没法驾船出海营救船上的人。 sick 生病的；strong 强烈的；rich 富有的。形容暴风雨的风大，用 strong 修饰 wind，故选 B。 【小题 3】句意：整晚巨浪不断拍打船只，最后把船撞碎了。 beating 拍打；touching 触碰；arguing 争论。waves（海浪）beat against sth. 是固定搭配，表示海浪拍打某物，故选 A。 【小题 4】句意：看起来没有人能活下来。 stop 停止；enter 进入；survive 幸存。船只被巨浪击碎，环境凶险，人们很难存活，survive 符合语境，故选 C。 【小题 5】句意：天亮时，Grace Darling 看到还有几个人仍在船上。 still 仍然；also 也；even 甚至。经过整夜风暴，还有人停留在破损船上，still 表示 “依旧、仍然”，故选 A。 【小题 6】句意：尽管她只是个小姑娘，她还是和父亲一同前往，帮他划船。 me 我；you 你；him 他。此处指代 Grace 的父亲，男性宾格用 him，故选 C。 【小题 7】句意：她没有考虑自己。 look after 照顾；think of 考虑；search for 搜寻。后文写她一心只想救人，说明她不顾自身安危、没有考虑自己，think of herself 表示考虑自己，故选 B。 【小题 8】句意：她唯一想做的就是拯救破损船只上可怜的人们。 earth 大地；ship 船；pool 池塘。前文船只失事破碎，人们困在破船上，故选 B。 【小题 9】句意：把他们接上小船并不容易，因为他们几乎冻僵了，几乎动弹不得。 hardly 几乎不；early 早地；nearly 几乎。冻到失去知觉，几乎不能移动，hardly move 符合逻辑，故选 A。 【小题 10】句意：但他们拼尽全力，最终成功把仅存的几个人带回了灯塔。 failed 失败；succeeded 成功；joined 加入。固定搭配 succeed in doing sth. 表示 “成功做成某事”，后文人们获救，说明营救成功，故选 B。五、阅读理解。 A A flood disaster Place: Shuiyun Village Date: May 10th Weather: 8:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m. 1:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m. The flood: The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. About 50 houses fell down and about 200 people lost their homes. 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: Mr Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. Mrs Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. Eric Smith was playing computer games. Annie Smith was playing the piano. Action: Policemen arrived there soon. People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Shuiyun Village. 1. When did the heavy rain start on May 10th? A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening. 2. How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. 3. Where did the flood first appear? A．In the north of the village. B．In the south of the village. C．In the centre of the village. 4. What can we know from the passage? A．People got no help from other places. B．People didn’t know the flood was coming. C．The flood brought little trouble to the village. 答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 解析： 导语 本文是一则水灾灾情记录表，记录了 5 月 10 日水云村从晴天到暴雨的天气变化、洪水受灾情况、洪水来袭时史密斯一家人的活动以及各方救援行动。 【小题 1】细节理解题。表格天气栏显示，下午 3:00 p.m. 才出现下雨图标，说明大雨在下午开始。A 早上、C 晚上不符合图表信息，故选 B。 【小题 2】细节理解题。根据文中 “10 people died in the flood” 可知，10 人在洪水中丧生。15 人为失踪人数，50 是倒塌房屋数量，B、C 错误，故选 A。 【小题 3】细节理解题。原文 “The flood first appeared in the south of the village” 表明洪水最先出现在村子南部。A 村子北部、C 村子中心和原文不符，故选 B。 【小题 4】推理判断题。A：其他村庄的人们送来了衣物、食物和水，人们得到了外界帮助，A 错误；B：洪水突然到来，史密斯一家当时各做各的事，没有提前察觉洪水将至，符合文意；C：50 间房屋倒塌、200 人流离失所、多人遇难失踪，洪水给村庄带来巨大灾难，并非几乎没有麻烦，C 错误。综上选 B。 B  A little knowledge can make a difference at a time of life or death. May 12th is China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (防灾减灾日). It helps people learn more about keeping safe in disasters.     1     Disasters like earthquakes may happen all of a sudden, so we need to know how to safeguard ourselves. Stay calm when an earthquake happens.     2     Do not scream or run around, or you will get into trouble. Do not run out at once if you are indoors.     3     Hide under a strong desk or table to protect your head. Stay away from windows, heavy furniture or anything that may fall on you.     4     Make sure you are far from dangerous things. Never stand under tall buildings, trees or power lines. After the shaking stops, there is still much to do. Check if you are hurt and use simple first aid.     5     It is necessary to call for help so that firefighters and volunteers will come to rescue you soon. Follow these rules, and you can stay much safer in an earthquake. A．Being calm can help you make the right choice. B．Please remember that danger does not end right away. C．It is important to find a safe place to hide at once. D．Go to a nearby open place right away if you are outdoors. E．It is also a day to tell people how to stay away from accidents. F．Staying safe is the most important rule for every student. G．Go into a tall building right away when you are outside. 答案：1.E 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 解析： 导语 本文围绕全国防灾减灾日展开，介绍地震突发时以及震后保护自身安全的多条自救规则，教会人们地震避险方法。 【小题 1】上下文衔接题。前文介绍 5 月 12 日是全国防灾减灾日，它帮助人们学习灾害自保知识；E 选项 “这也是告诉人们如何远离事故的一天” 承接上文，补充该节日的另一重意义，故选 E。 【小题 2】上下文衔接题。本段中心句为 “地震发生时保持冷静”，A 选项 “冷静能帮你做出正确判断” 承接 “保持冷静”，解释冷静的作用，逻辑连贯，故选 A。 【小题 3】上下文衔接题。前文说身处室内不要立刻往外跑，后文介绍躲在坚固桌椅下保护头部的做法；C 选项 “立刻找到安全地方躲藏很重要” 承上启下，引出室内避险方式，故选 C。 【小题 4】上下文衔接题。前文讲解室内避险方法，本段讲述远离高楼、树木等室外危险物，D 选项 “如果你在室外，立刻前往附近空旷地带” 引出室外避险对策，形成室内室外对应，故选 D。 【小题 5】上下文衔接题。本段讲述地震晃动停止后的注意事项，后文说需要呼救等待救援；B 选项 “请记住危险不会立刻消失” 点明震后仍存在隐患，引出后续自救求救操作，故选 B。 六．任务型阅读。阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 A bottle of water may not seem like much to you, but thousands of bottles will be of great help for people who live in drought－hit areas in China. In 2022, there was very little rain in Southwest China. Some places, especially in Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Guizhou, experienced a serious drought. Crops died, the land cracked (裂开), and wells and rivers dried up. More than 20 million people were having difficulty in finding safe drinking water. After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things. Every member of the Communist Youth League (共青团) and Young Pioneers (少先队) was encouraged to give one bottle of water to the drought-hit areas. Students in primary schools and middle schools quickly joined in the activity. In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money. They also wrote their wishes on the bottles. The serious drought has also made students realize the importance of saving water. Students from Nanshan Middle School in Huizhou, Guangdong, went on the street to tell people to take part in water-saving activities. “I’ve heard that some children in drought-hit areas don’t have enough drinking water. They have to drink muddy (含有泥土的) water. I feel really sad about that, ”said one student. “I decide to take a shower twice a week instead of every day to save water, ”he said. 1. Why did a serious drought happen in Southwest China?     1     2. What did the people in drought-hit areas need most?     2     3. What did people do after learning about the drought?     3     4. How much water did the students in Yuhua Primary School buy with their pocket money?     4     5. Do you save water in your daily life? What do you often do to save water? 5     答案：【小题 1】Because there was very little rain there in 2022. 【小题 2】Safe drinking water. 【小题 3】They helped by giving water, money and other things. 【小题 4】Over 1,000 bottles of water. 【小题 5】Yes, I do. I reuse water to water flowers after washing fruit.（答案不唯一，合理即可）解析：导语 本文讲述 2022 年中国西南地区遭遇严重干旱，全国人民踊跃捐水捐款支援灾区，同时这场旱灾也让学生们意识到节约用水的重要性，并主动践行节水行动。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据原文第二段 “In 2022, there was very little rain in Southwest China. Some places... experienced a serious drought.” 可知干旱发生的原因是当年西南降雨极少，精简语句作答。 【小题 2】细节理解题。根据第二段 “More than 20 million people were having difficulty in finding safe drinking water.”，灾区民众最紧缺、最需要的是安全饮用水。 【小题 3】细节理解题。依据第三段 “After learning about the drought, many people around the country helped by giving water, money and other things.” 直接提取原文信息作答。 【小题 4】细节理解题。从第四段 “In Yuhua Primary School in Xi’an, 900 students bought over 1, 000 bottles of water with their pocket money.” 可找到对应水量。 【小题 5】开放问答题。第一问先给出肯定 / 否定回答，第二问写出日常节水做法，如用洗菜水浇花、缩短洗澡时间、随手关水龙头等，语句通顺合理即可。七、短文填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Surviving the Super Typhoon Some people had experienced a powerful typhoon. It happened in the     1     (southwest) part of the country. When the weather center warned people     2     (not go) outside, many began to realize the danger. The storm came     3     the coast of the nearby island and moved quickly toward the town. People there were told to stay indoors. Although the typhoon was still far away, its wind speed was     4     (near) 200 kilometers per hour. Local governments helped families make full     5     (prepare) for the coming disaster. They stored food, water, and first-aid kits in safe places. As the typhoon arrived, the wind     6     (beat) against the windows and roofs. Trees fell down, and power lines broke. Many people stayed in     7     (hide) corners of their homes, such as basements or inner hallways, to keep themselves safe. After the typhoon passed, people came out and saw the conditions. The storm had caused serious flooding and destroyed hundreds of houses. It was the     8     (bad) typhoon in the area in the past fifty years. Many families lost everything, but hope was not lost: In the face of the disaster, ordinary people became     9     (hero) . Though nature showed     10     (it) terrible temper, the human spirit remained strong. People learned that being prepared and staying together could help them survive through hard times. 答案：1.southwestern 2.not to go 3.to 4.nearly 5.preparations 6.beat 7.hidden 8.worst 9.heroes 10.its 解析：导语 本文讲述超强台风来袭前后的全过程，描写台风登陆时的破坏景象，灾后人们遭受的损失，同时歌颂灾难面前普通人化身英雄、众志成城的人性力量。 【小题 1】句意：它发生在该国西南部地区。修饰名词 part 需用形容词，southwest 的形容词形式为 southwestern，意为 “西南部的”。故填 southwestern。 【小题 2】句意：当气象中心警告人们不要外出时，许多人开始意识到危险。固定搭配 warn sb. not to do sth.，表示 “警告某人不要做某事”。故填 not to go。 【小题 3】句意：风暴抵达附近岛屿海岸，并快速向小镇移动。固定搭配 come to + 地点，表示 “抵达某地”，介词 to 符合搭配。故填 to。 【小题 4】句意：虽然台风还很远，但风速接近每小时 200 公里。修饰数字 200 kilometers per hour 要用副词，near 的副词 nearly 意为 “几乎，接近”。故填 nearly。 【小题 5】句意：当地政府帮助各个家庭为即将到来的灾难做好充分准备。固定搭配 make full preparations，preparation 表示 “准备工作” 时常用复数形式。故填 preparations。 【小题 6】句意：台风来袭时，狂风猛烈撞击窗户和屋顶。全文时态为一般过去时，beat 的过去式为 beat。故填 beat。 【小题 7】句意：许多人待在家中隐蔽的角落，比如地下室或内侧走廊来保护自身安全。修饰名词 corners 需用形容词，hidden 意为 “隐蔽的、隐藏的”。故填 hidden。 【小题 8】句意：这是该地区过去五十年来最严重的台风。范围 in the past fifty years 表示三者以上比较，用形容词最高级，bad 的最高级为 worst。故填 worst。 【小题 9】句意：灾难面前，普通人都成为了英雄。主语 people 为复数，hero 使用复数形式 heroes。故填 heroes。 【小题 10】句意：尽管大自然展露了它可怕的一面，人类的精神依旧坚韧。修饰名词 temper 需用形容词性物主代词，it 对应的形容词性物主代词是 its。故填 its。 书面表达。 自然灾害总会突如其来。5月12日是全国防灾减灾日，为宣传让青少年学会应对灾害、意识到保护自己是重要的生存技能，学校英文报社以“An Unforgettable Natural Disaster Experience”为题写一篇英语征稿：讲述一次你难忘的自然灾害经历，包括灾害发生的情景、你的应对方式及从中得到的感悟。 要点包括： 1．灾害发生的情景（如当时你在哪里、正在做什么，天气或环境如何变化）； 2．你的应对方式（你做了什么来保护自己或帮助他人）； 3．你的感悟（从这次经历中学到了什么，或认识到了哪些重要的生存技能）。 注意事项： 1．文中不得出现真实的校名、人名等信息； 2．字数在120词左右； 3．语句流利通顺，意思完整。 An Unforgettable Natural Disaster Experience _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 An Unforgettable Natural Disaster Experience Last summer, I met a sudden heavy rainstorm when I was reading in the library. At first, the sky turned dark grey quickly, and strong winds blew hard. Soon heavy rain poured down, and water started to flow into the hallway. Seeing this, I calmed down at once. I followed the teacher’s instructions and moved to the inner room without windows. I also helped carry books away from the wet ground with my classmates. We stayed together and waited for the rain to stop. This experience taught me a lot. Staying calm is the most important survival skill when disasters hit. Besides, knowing proper self-protection ways and helping each other can help us get through hard times safely. 【详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：命题记叙文，讲述一次难忘的自然灾害经历； ②时态：以一般过去时为主，感悟部分使用一般现在时； ③要点覆盖：完整包含灾害场景、自救互助行为、灾后感悟三方面，词数约 118，符合 120 词左右要求。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇交代灾害、事发地点和当时行为，描写天气骤变，还原灾害发生情景； 第二步：写自己保持冷静，听从指挥避险，同时主动帮助同学，介绍个人应对方式； 第三步：结尾升华主题，点明学到的生存技能与互助的重要意义。 [亮点词汇] ①pour down 倾盆而下 ②calm down 冷静下来 ③survival skill 生存技能 [高分句型] Seeing this, I calmed down at once.（现在分词作状语，简洁体现临场反应） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $