Unit 8 Making a Difference 知识清单课件2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了U8 "Making a Difference"的核心短语、词汇辨析、句型结构及拓展词汇，通过模块式梳理（含释义、搭配、例句、拓展及练习题）将知识点串联，帮助学生构建完整的单元知识网络。 其亮点在于融合辨析对比（如elder与older用法表格）、分层练习（从基础选择到拓展翻译），结合语言能力（例句与练习提升理解表达）和思维品质（辨析培养分析比较能力），助力学生巩固知识，教师精准开展复习教学。

2026春人教新八下U8 Making a Difference 重点知识清单 【Section A】 1. __________________ 有作用；有影响 difference 前可加 big, great, huge等词修饰；也可将a改为no, much等词。 __________________ 对……有影响/起作用； ___________________ 对……没有影响 e.g. Your support __________________ when I was in trouble. 当我陷入困境时，你的支持起了重要作用。 e.g. Small actions can ____________________. 小小的行动可以带来很大的改变。 e.g. Your donation really ____________________ the homeless family. 你的捐款对这个无家可归的家庭真的起了很大作用。 e.g. If everyone can do something good, it will ________________________. 如果每个人都能做些好事，那将会带来很大的影响。 e.g. It ________________________ me. 这对我没有影响。 【练】Exercising every day will __________________ (产生影响) to our health. make a difference make a difference to make no difference to made a difference make a difference made a difference to make a big difference makes no difference to make a difference 2. __________ 打扫(或清除)干净 (代词放中间) e.g. He often helps his parents ___________ their room on weekends.他周末经常帮助父母打扫他们的房间。 e.g. Your room is dirty. You should ___________. 你的房间脏了。你应该把它打扫干净。 ★ 拓展：__________ n. 打扫；清洁 e.g. We must give our classroom a good __________. 我们必须把教室好好打扫一下。 【练】Tina can _______ her bedroom by herself. She doesn’t need her parents’ help. A. get up B. clean up C. cut up clean up clean up clean it up clean-up clean-up B 3. ______ adj. 年纪较大的；上了年纪的 _________ 老人/上了年纪的人(=________) ______________ 老年人；_______________ 看望老人 e.g. an ________ couple 一对老年夫妇 e.g. She takes care of her ________ parents. 她照顾年迈的父母。 e.g. We should take good care of ____________. 我们应该好好照顾老人。 ★ 注意：“____________”，表示“一类人”，作复数用； 表示“抽象事物/品质”，作单数用。 _________ 年轻人；_______ 富人；_______ 穷人；_______ 死者；_______ 病人； __________ 残疾人；______________ 意想不到的事；_____________ 未知的事物 ★ 拓展：______ adj. (两人中)年纪较长的 (尤指哥哥姐姐) elderly the elderly the old elderly people visit the elderly elderly elderly the elderly the+ adj. the young the rich the poor the dead the sick the disabled the unexpected the unknown elder 辨析：elder & older ______ 形容词 “(尤指家庭中两个成员)年龄较长的”，不用于比较级结构 名词 (常用复数形式) 年长者；长辈；元老 ____________________ 尊敬长辈 ______ 形容词old的比较级 “年龄较大的”，用于比较级结构 e.g. My ______ brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help __________. 我的哥哥在疗养院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老年人。 e.g. My _______ brother is two years _______ than me. 我的哥哥比我大两岁。 e.g. We should __________________. 我们应该尊敬长辈。 elder respect one’s elders older elder the elderly elder older respect our elders 4. ____________ (= ____________) n. 组织；团体；机构 e.g. the World Health ____________ 世界卫生组织 e.g. a voluntary ____________ 志愿组织 ★ 拓展：_________ (=_________) vt. 组织，筹备；安排，管理 __________ n. 组织者；筹划者 __________ adj. 有组织的 e.g. Students need to learn how to __________ their study.学生要学会如何安排好自己的学习。 e.g. He is __________ a trip to the mountains next month. 他正在组织下个月的山区旅行。 organization organisation Organization organization organize organise organizer organized organize organizing 5. 辨析：provide & offer _____ v. 提供；给予 __________________ = __________________ 提供给某人某物 _____ v. 主动提出/自愿给予 ___________ = _____________ 提供给某人某物 ______________ 主动提出做某事 provide provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb. offer offer sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. offer to do sth. e.g. I guide visitors through the museum and _________ information about the paintings. 我带领参观者参观博物馆，并提供相关画作信息。 e.g. The school __________________ the students. 学校为学生们提供餐食。 = The school ______________________________. provide provided food for provided the students with food e.g. She ____________ some useful advice. = She ______________________________. 她给了我一些有用的建议。 e.g. She ______________ me with my homework. 她主动提出帮我做作业。 【练】家长努力给他们的孩子提供干净舒适的环境。 Parents try their best to _______ their children ______ a clean and comfortable environment. offered me offered some useful advice to me offered to help provide with 6. _________ 捡起；拾起；接(某人)；接电话 (代词放中间) e.g. I’ve __________ three bags of bottles and cans. 我已经捡了三袋瓶子和罐子了。 e.g. We should _________ the rubbish! 我们应该把垃圾捡起来！ e.g. My ruler is under your desk. Please ____________ for me. 我的尺子在你的书桌底下。请帮我捡起来。 e.g. Can you ____________ at the airport? 你能到机场接我吗？ e.g. The phone is ringing. Could you please ____________ for me? 电话正在响。请你帮我接一下好吗？ 【练】捡起身边的垃圾是个小但很好的习惯。 It’s a small but very good habit to __________ the rubbish around you. pick up picked up pick up pick it up pick me up pick it up pick up 7. __________________ 做某事是…… (it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式) e.g. I think ____________________ look after it! 我认为爱护它是每个人的责任！ e.g. ____________________ the environment. 保护环境是我们的责任。 e.g. ____________________ English every day. 每天读英语是个好主意。 8. ______ vt. (______, ______) 喂养；饲养 _____________ 喂某人/某物 __________________ 把某物喂给某人/某物 e.g. ____________ 喂动物 e.g. I ____________ every day. 我每天都喂我的狗。 e.g. Please ______ some grass ______ the cow. 请给这头奶牛喂些草。 e.g. She ____________ the baby. 她给婴儿喂了奶。 ★ 拓展：_________________ 用……喂……；_________ 以……为生/为食 e.g. Cows and horses _________ grass. 牛和马以草为食。 e.g. He _______ the dog on meat. 他用肉喂狗。 It’s + n. + to do sth. it’s everyone’s duty to It’s our duty to protect It’s a good idea to read feed fed fed feed sb./sth. feed sth. to sb./sth. feed animals feed my dog feed to fed milk to feed...on/with... feed on feed on feeds 9. ______ n.[C] 主人；物主 _____________ ……的主人 e.g. find ________ of lost pets 寻找丢失宠物的主人 e.g. He is ______________ the store. 他是这家商店的主人。 e.g. From April 8, pet ______ in China can bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains. 从4月8日起，中国的宠物主人可携带猫或狗乘坐部分高速列车。 ★ 拓展：______ v. 拥有；占有 adj./pron. 自己的；本人的 __________ 某人自己的；______________ 属于自己的； ______________ 独自地 e.g. He _______ a large house in the countryside. 他在乡下拥有一栋大房子。 e.g. I can choose __________ clothes. 我可以挑选我自己的衣服。 e.g. She finally has a car of __________. 她终于有了属于自己的车。 e.g. He learned to play the guitar ____________. 他自学了弹吉他。 owner the owner of owners the owner of owners own one’s own of one’s own on one’s own owns my own her own on his own 10. ________ n. 捐赠物；捐赠 (_______ v.捐赠) _______________ 募集捐赠物 ______________________ 向……捐赠/捐款 e.g. The school received ___________ from many parents. 这所学校收到了许多家长的捐赠物。 e.g. He decided to __________________ the children’s hospital. 他决定向儿童医院捐款。 e.g. the _________ of 5,000,000 500万的捐款 ★ 拓展：-ion是常见的名词后缀，表示“……行为；……状态”。 act (v.行动) – _______ (n.行动/行为)；discuss (v.讨论) – __________ (n.讨论) connect (v.连接) – __________ (n.联系/连接)； educate (v.教育) - _________ (n.教育) donation donate collect donations make a donation to donations make a donation to donation action discussion connection education 11. ____________ n. 面试官；采访者 __________ n./v. 采访；面试 对应词：____________ n. 被采访者；参加面试者 e.g. Why do you think the ___________ wants to know if Robert has taken care of an animal before? 你认为面试官为什么想知道罗伯特以前是否照顾过动物？ ★ 拓展：其他以-er和-ee结尾的意思对应的词： employ v. 雇用 - ___________ n. 雇主 - ___________ n. 雇员/员工 train v. 培训/训练 - ________ n. 教练/训练员 - ________ n. 接受培训者 interviewer interview interviewee interviewer employer employee trainer trainee 12. ______ adj. 活跃的；积极的 ____________ 保持活力 ________________________ 积极参与某事； _______________ 在……方面积极 e.g. I exercise with the elderly to help them ______________. 我和老年人一起锻炼，帮助他们保持活力。 e.g. Most birds are ________ in the daytime. 大多数鸟在白天很活跃。 e.g. She __________________ sports. 她在体育方面非常活跃。 e.g. I ___________ by playing basketball every weekend. 我通过每周末打篮球保持活力。 e.g. She ______________________ school activities. 她积极参加学校活动。 【练】- How are you getting on with your cousin? - Very well. He is really _______ and joins in all kinds of activities in his spare time. A. polite B. strict C. active D. careful active stay active take an active part in be active in stay active active is very active in stay active takes an active part in C 13. ____________ 赶快；跟着来 e.g. Yes, ____________! 好啊，一起来吧！ e.g. ____________, or we’ll be late! 快点儿，不然我们就迟到了！ e.g. If you ____________, you’ll have a great time. 如果你一起去，你会玩得很开心的。 e.g. We’re going to the park. You can ____________ if you like. 我们要去公园。如果你想来，可以一起。 ★ 拓展：____________ 出现；进展/发展 e.g. Take every chance that ______________. 抓住每一个出现的机会。 e.g. How’s your work ______________? 你的工作进展得怎么样了？ e.g. How’s your English ______________? 你的英语学得怎么样了？ come along come along Come along come along come along comes along coming along coming along 14. 辨析：work as & work on & work for ________ 从事……工作 后接表示职业或身份的名词 ________ 从事某项工作/项目，专注于某事 后接具体事物（项目、任务、问题等） ________ 为某人/某组织工作，受雇于…… 通常后接雇主、公司、机构或人 work as work on work for e.g. How long has he ________ a volunteer at the museum? 他在博物馆做志愿者多久了？ e.g. She __________ a doctor in a hospital. 她在医院当医生。 e.g. They are _________ solving the environmental problem. 他们在致力于解决环境问题。 e.g. He __________ a company. 他为一家公司工作。 worked as works as working on works for 15. __________ adj. ①小学教育的(只用于n.前作定语) ②首要的 ____________ 小学；_______________ 一名小学老师 _________________ 小学教育 e.g. Mr Wu has taught in a _______________ as a volunteer for two years now. 到现在吴老师作为志愿者在一所小学教书已经两年了。 e.g. The _________ aim of this course is to improve your spoken English. 这门课程的主要目标是提高你的英语口语。 primary primary school a primary teacher primary educatiom primary school primary 16. ____________ 分担工作；帮忙做 ____________ 帮某人的忙 e.g. Since I started, I have ____________ at over ten different sports events. 自我开始以来，我已经协助了十多场不同的体育赛事。 e.g. She’s always willing to ____________ when others are in trouble. 别人有困难时，她总是愿意帮忙。 e.g. The charity ____________ families in need. 这家慈善机构帮助生活困难的家庭。 e.g. Thanks for _______________. 谢谢你帮我的忙。 ★ 拓展：__________________ 在某方面提供帮助 e.g. Could you _______________ the dinner? 你能帮忙准备晚餐吗？ help out help sb.out helped out help out helps out helping out help out with sth. help out with 17. _________ adv. 热情地；温暖地 ________ adj. 热情的；温暖的 e.g. I gave them directions and they smiled and thanked me _________. 我为他们指了路，他们微笑并热情地感谢了我。 e.g. She dressed ________ for the cold weather. 她穿得很暖和以应对寒冷的天气。 ★ 拓展：_________ n. 温暖；热情 e.g. He greeted us with _________ and kindness. 他热情友好地迎接了我们。 e.g. She could feel the ________ of the sun on her face. 她能感受到阳光照在脸上的温暖。 warmly warm warmly warmly warmth warmth warmth 【Section B】 1. __________ n. (pl. __________) 先生/君子/绅士 ______ 女士/淑女 (pl. _______) e.g. ______ and _________, thank you for inviting me to speak to you about Blue Sky Rescue today. 女士们，先生们，感谢你们邀请我今天来给大家讲讲蓝天救援队。 2. ____________________ 听见某人/某物正在做某事 (动作正在进行) __________________ 听见某人/某物做某事 (动作已经完成或经常发生) e.g. I hear Candice __________ (sing) in her room. 我听见坎迪斯正在房间里唱歌。 e.g. Did you hear him __________ (go) out? 你听到他出去了吗？ gentleman gentlemen lady ladies Ladies gentlemen hear sb./sth. doing sth. hear sb./sth. do sth. singing go 3. ______ v. (狗)吠叫 n. 狗叫声 _________ 对着……吠叫 e.g. After some time, we heard dogs _________ and the voices of the Blue Sky Rescue team. 过了一段时间，我们听到了狗叫和蓝天救援队队员的声音。 e.g. The dog always ____________ strangers. 这条狗总是对着陌生人叫。 e.g. I need a pet that would show me love, like a gentle _________ or a miaow. 我需要一只能向我表达爱意的宠物，比如一声轻轻的吠叫或喵喵叫。 bark bark at barking barks at bark 4. I ___________ with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009, and I’ve been a volunteer ____________. 2009年我报名加入了蓝天救援队，从那以后我成了一名志愿者。 (1) ____________ 报名 (后常与介词 for 搭配使用) e.g. There are only a few spaces for each club. ___________ early to get your first choice! 每个俱乐部名额有限。尽早报名，抢占首选席位！ e.g. She ____________ for the volunteer programme. 她报名参加了志愿者项目。 e.g. She ____________ for a yoga course. 她报名了一个瑜伽课程。 signed up ever since sign up Sign up signed up signed up (2) ____________ 自从；自……以后 (主句常用______________) 作副词，单独使用，作时间状语；作介词，后接表示时间点的词或短语； 作连词，后接句子 (主现完，从一过)。 e.g. We came to Beijing in 2020 and have lived here ____________. 我们2020年来到北京，此后就一直在这里生活。 e.g. I haven’t heard from him ____________ last year. 从去年开始，我就一直没有收到他的来信。 e.g. We’ve been friends ____________ we were at school. 我们从上学的时候起就一直是朋友。 【练】I ____________ (learn) English ever since I was in Grade 3. ever since 现在完成时 ever since ever since ever since have learned 5. ______ n.[C] 成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的 e.g. ________ lion 一头成年狮子 e.g. We’ve been to schools and other communities to teach children and _______ how to stay safe and prepare for the worst. 我们去过学校和其他社区，教孩子和成年人如何保持安全以及为最坏的情况做准备。 e.g. He’s ___________ now. 他现在是个成年人了。 e.g. Some children find it difficult to talk to ________. 一些孩子觉得与大人很难交谈。 6. ____________ 搜寻；查找 (与___________ 同义，宾语是寻找的物或人) e.g. People are __________________ the missing child. 人们正在寻找失踪的孩子。 ★ 拓展：__________________ 搜查……找…… e.g. She _________ her bag ______ her phone. 她在包里找手机。 adult an adult adults an adult adults search for look for searching/ looking for search... for... searched for 7. _________ adj. 失踪的；丢失的 e.g. We’ve provided medical aid and searched for ________ people after natural disasters ... 我们在自然灾害后提供医疗援助并搜寻失踪人员…… e.g. The police are searching for the ________ child. 警方正在寻找失踪的孩子。 e.g. My keys are ________. 我的钥匙找不到了。 e.g. I’ve never found the ________ keys. 我一直没有找到丢失的钥匙。 ★ 拓展：(1) ________ adj. 缺失的 (2) ______ v. 错过；怀念，思念 e.g. The last page of this book was ________. 这本书的最后一页不见了。 e.g. Please get up early, or you’ll _______ the early bus. 请早起，否则你将会错过早班公共汽车。 e.g. Sarah ________ her parents very much. 莎拉非常想念她的父母。 missing missing missing missing missing missing miss missing miss misses 8. __________ adj. 实用的；实际的 e.g. Working as a volunteer has taught me many __________ life-saving skills. 担任志愿者教会了我许多实用的救生技能。 e.g. When you find knowledge is __________, you’ll want to learn more. 当你发现知识是实用的，你就会想学习更多。 e.g. We often go to the factories, farms or fields to do some __________ work. 我们经常去工厂、农场或田间做一些实践工作。 practical practical practical practical 9. It has also helped me understand the power of teamwork because it’s __________________ rescues. 它也帮助我明白了团队合作的力量，因为这是成功救援的关键。 (1) ____________ ……的关键 (to为介词，后接n./pron./V-ing) e.g. ____________ happiness is to see all the beauty of the world. 幸福的关键在于发现世界上所有的美好。 e.g. I realized that proper communication is ____________ solving problems. 我意识到，适当的沟通是解决问题的关键。 ★ 拓展：_______________ ……的答案；_______________ ……的解决方案； _______________ ……的票；_______________ 去……的路 the key to successful the key to The key to the key to the answer to the solution to the ticket to the way to (2) ___________ adj. 成功的；有成就的 _______________________ 成功做某事 ____________ adv. 成功地 e.g. She is a ___________ writer. 她是一位成功的作家。 e.g. What separates ___________ people from the dreamers is their persistent action. 成功人士和梦想家的区别在于他们锲而不舍的行动。 e.g. He is _____________ finishing the task. 他成功完成任务。 e.g. She is _____________ everything she does. 她做每件事都很成功。 e.g. He ____________ passed the exam. 他成功通过了考试。 successful be successful in doing sth. successfully successful successful successful in successful in successfully ★ 拓展：________ n.[U]成功 (反义词：________ 失败) n.[C]成功的人或事 ________________ 取得成功 ________ v.实现目标；成功 ____________________ 成功做某事 e.g. Hard work can lead to _________. 努力工作能带来成功。(天道酬勤) e.g. _________ is the mother of _________. 失败是成功之母。(谚语) e.g. But to ________________, you need to have a clear goal and stick to it. 但要取得成功，你需要有明确的目标并坚持下去。 e.g. The film was a huge _________. 那部电影大获成功。 e.g. If you work hard, you’ll _________. 你如果努力工作，就会成功。 e.g. She ____________________ the problem. 她成功地解决了问题。 【练】As long as we pull together, we are sure to be ____________ (success) in the end. success failure achieve success succeed succeed in doing sth. success Failure success achieve success success succeed succeed in solving successful 10. ___________, being a volunteer has taught me the _______ of every life. 最主要的是，成为一名志愿者让我懂得了每一个生命的价值。 (1) ___________ 最主要的是(在多个事物中强调最关键的一点，语气比普通副词更强烈) e.g. We need food, water, and shelter, but ____________, we need hope. 我们需要食物、水和住处，但最主要的是，我们需要希望。 (2) ______ n. 重要作用；价值 _____________ ……的价值 __________ (= __________) 是有价值的 _________ adj.贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的 e.g. These old photos __________________. = These old photos __________________. 这些旧照片很有价值。 e.g. All of us want to do something meaningful to prove ______________ life. 我们所有人都想做些有意义的事情来证明生命的价值。 Most of all value most of all most of all value the value of be of value be valuable valuable are of great value are very valuable the value of ★ 拓展：______ v. 重视；珍视 __________ adj. 没有价值的 e.g. In a word, we should try our best to protect ourselves and ________ our lives. 总之，我们应该尽力保护自己，珍惜生命。 e.g. She truly ________ her childhood friend’s friendship. 她非常珍视童年好友的友谊。 【练】We should _______ the friendship that we have developed in the past years. A. value B. change C. make D. win value valueless value values A 11. ___________ adj. 自愿的；无偿的 e.g. a ___________ organization 志愿组织 e.g. ___________ work 志愿工作 e.g. It’s ___________, so we aren’t paid. 它是自愿的，所以我们没有报酬。 e.g. She does ___________ work at the local hospital. 她在当地医院做义工。 ★ 拓展：_________ v.自愿做;义务做 n.志愿者 _________________ 自愿做某事 e.g. She works as a __________ at the local hospital. 她在当地医院做志愿者。 e.g. I ______________________ after the party. 我自愿在派对后打扫卫生。 voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary volunteer volunteer to do sth. volunteer volunteered to clean up 12. _______________ 尽可能…… (相当于________________；两个as之间的形容词/副词要用原级) e.g. But our goal has always been to save __________________________. 但我们的目标始终是尽可能多地救人。 e.g. He has to run _________________ / __________________ to catch the early bus. 他不得不尽可能快地跑去赶早班车。 e.g. _______________________________ / ________________________________ 尽量多吃蔬菜。 as...as sb. can as...as possible as many people as we can as fast as he can as fast as possible Eat as many vegetables as you can Eat as many vegetables as possible 13. _________ adj. 平凡的；普通的 e.g. I’m just an _________ person, but I’ll rush into danger, just like everyone else in Blue Sky Rescue. 我只是一个普通人，但我会像蓝天救援队的其他所有人一样奔赴险境。 e.g. _________ people can do something great if they work hard. 平凡的人如果努力工作就能成就大事业。 e.g. It was just ______________ day at work. 那只是工作中平常的一天。 14. _______ adj. 值得；有价值 (一般作表语，其后可跟n./pron./V-ing) ____________________ 值得（……）；______________ 值……钱 ____________________ (非常)值得做 (句子的主语一般是 doing的宾语，常常是物/事。worth 后面的动词-ing形式是主动形式表示被动意义) e.g. And that makes everything we do ________ it. 这让我们所做的一切都值得。 e.g. It was a lot of hard work, but it was ________ it. 虽然非常辛苦，但是值得。 e.g. The museum is certainly ________ a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。 ordinary ordinary Ordinary an ordinary worth be worth+ 名/代 be worth+钱 be (well) worth doing worth worth worth e.g. The picture is ________ $30. 这幅画值30美元。 e.g. The place ________________. 这个地方值得参观。 e.g. The film Ne Zha 2 ________________. I have seen it three times so far. 电影《哪吒2》值得一看(see)。到目前为止我已经看过三次了。 e.g. The book _____________________. 这本书很值得一读。 【练】(1) 花这么多时间刷短视频不值得。出去走走如何？ It’s ______________________________ on short videos. How about going out for a walk? (2) The doctor’s advice on keeping healthy is w________ taking. worth is worth visiting is worth seeing is well worth reading is not worth spending so much time orth 15. ________ adj. 乐意的；愿意的 ____________________ 乐意做某事 e.g. Why is the speaker _________ to put his life in danger? 为什么演讲者愿意将自己的生命置于危险之中？ e.g. She __________________ things with her friends. 她愿意和朋友们分享东西。 e.g. He is always _____________________. 他总是愿意伸出援手(lend a hand)。 ★ 拓展：__________ adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的 e.g. He was _____________________ his mind. 他不愿意改变主意。 16. ____________ 处境危险 (________ n.[U] 危险) ______________ 脱离危险 e.g. It’s reported that polar bears are ____________ because of global warming. 据报道，由于全球变暖，北极熊正处于危险之中。 e.g. The patient is _______________. 那个病人脱离危险了。 ★ 拓展：____________ adj. 危险的 e.g. Playing with fire is ____________. 玩火是危险的。 willing be willing to do sth. willing is willing to share willing to lend a hand unwilling unwilling to change in danger danger out of danger in danger out of danger dangerous dangerous 17. ______ n. 气味 lv. [系动词] 发出……气味 (后常接adj.作表语) vt. 闻；闻到 (___________________________________) e.g. The rose in your hand, the sweet ________ in mine. 赠人玫瑰，手有余香。 e.g. It gives off a nice ________. 它散发出一种香味。 e.g. The soup ________ sour. 这汤闻起来很酸。 e.g. Do you ________ something burning? 你闻到东西烧焦的气味了吗？ 18. ___________ 忙碌的 ___________________ 保持忙碌状态 e.g. full of energy and always ____________ 精力充沛且总是忙碌的 e.g. She’s always ____________. 她总是忙个不停。 e.g. I’ve been ____________ all day. 我一整天都忙得团团转。 smell smell-smelt/smell-smelt/smell smell smell smells smell on the go keep/stay on the go on the go on the go on the go 19. ____________ n.[U] 重要性：重要 ____________ adj. 重要的 _____________________________ (做)某事的重要性 e.g. first in ____________ 首要的 e.g. He began to realise ________________________________. 他开始意识到努力学习的重要性。 e.g. Health is very ____________ to us. 健康对我们很重要。 ★ 拓展：_______________ 重要的 (=___________)； __________________ 非常重要的 e.g. This discovery ____________________ to science. 这个发现对科学非常重要。 importance important the importance of (doing) sth. importance the importance of studying hard important be of importance be important be of great importance is of great importance 20. ____________ 需要帮助的；生活困难的 __________________ 需要…… e.g. an organization that helps those ___________ 帮助生活困难的人的组织 e.g. A friend ___________ is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。(谚语) e.g. She always cares for the friends ___________. 她总是关心需要帮助的朋友。 e.g. These donations are for families ___________. 这些捐赠是给生活困难的家庭的。 e.g. I’m ____________ a rest. 我需要休息一下。 e.g. We are ____________ food and water. 我们需要食物和水。 ★ 拓展：其他常见的“in+名词”结构的短语： __________ 在危险中；___________ 陷入困境/惹上麻烦； ____________ 惊讶地； __________ 井然有序；___________ 沉默地 in need in need of+名 in need in need in need in need of in need of in danger in trouble in surprise in order in slience 21. ______ n. 需要 v.[实义动词] & modal v. [情态动词] 需要 _________ 需要某物 _______________ 需要做某事 ★ 注意：作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化。构成疑问句和否定句时，要借助助动词do/does/did。作情态动词时，一般用于否定句或疑问句中。情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和V-原一起构成谓语。 e.g. Do you need help? 你需要帮助吗？ e.g. You needn’t help me. 你不需要帮我。 e.g. I need to look after my younger brother. 我需要照顾我弟弟。 e.g. Need we finish the work today? 我们需要今天完成工作吗？ need need sth. need to do sth. 22. ________ 坚持 (to为介词，其后可接“诺言、观点、原则、计划、规定”等名词) __________________ 坚持做某事 e.g. Our parents always encourage us to __________ our dreams. 我们的父母总是鼓励我们要坚持梦想。 e.g. The old man __________ swimming every day. 那位老人每天坚持游泳。 【练】- Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping? - Sure. She is a great woman who can _______ her dreams. I really look up to her. A. pay for B. stick to C. lay out D. set out stick to stick to doing sth. stick to sticks to B 23. _______ v. 捐赠；赠送 _________ n. 捐赠物；捐赠 ____________ 把某物捐给某人；___________ 献血； ___________________ 捐零花钱 e.g. How much money did he ________? 他捐了多少钱？ e.g. He bought some great books and _________________ children in need. 他买了一些好书，并把它们捐给有需要的孩子。 ★ 拓展：____________ 赠送；捐赠 (代词放中间) e.g. The old man ____________ some books to the children every year. 那位老人每年都给那些孩子捐赠一些书。 donate donatation donate sth. to sb. donate blood donate pocket money donate donated them to give away gives away 24. _______ n. 努力；艰难的尝试 __________________ 努力做某事 _____________________ 尽力做某事；_______________ 毫不费力地 e.g. be worth the ________ 值得付出努力 e.g. He put a lot of ________ into his studies. 他在他的研究上投入了很多精力。 e.g. You must ____________________ your work. 你必须更加努力地工作。 e.g. He ________________________ his grades. 他努力提高自己的成绩。 e.g. He solved the problem _______________. 他毫不费力地解决了这个问题。 effort put effort into sth. make an effort to do sth. without effort effort effort put more effort into made an effort to improve without effort 25. __________ 分发 (同义短语：________；反义短语：________ 上交) (代词放中间) __________________ 把某物分发给某人 e.g. He helps to clean up the kitchen and ____________ hot meals to people. 他帮忙打扫厨房，还给人们分发热乎的饭菜。 e.g. I am helping the teacher ____________ the examination papers. 我正在帮助老师分发试卷。 e.g. Next Sunday, volunteers in our school will ____________ the leaflets about traffic rules to people in the street. 下周日，我们学校的志愿者们将向街上的人们发放有关交通规则的传单。 e.g. Please ____________. 请把它上交。 hand out give out hand in hand out sth. to sb. hand out hand out hand out hand it out 26. ____________ 执行；开展 (代词放中间) 其后宾语往往是表示“工作、职责、命令、活动、计划”等的名词。 e.g. what duties volunteers will ____________ 志愿者将履行什么职责 e.g. We should ____________ our duties carefully. 我们应认真履行职责。 e.g. Our school often ____________ different kinds of activities. 我们学校经常开展各种各样的活动。 e.g. We have a plan, and we must __________ quickly. 我们有个计划，必须尽快执行它。 27. 过去分词(短语)作后置定语 STUDENT VOLUNTEERS WANTED 招募学生志愿者 此处 wanted 为want的过去分词，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词短语。 e.g. Help Wanted 招工 e.g. Teachers Wanted for Summer Camp 夏令营招聘教师 carry out carry out carry out carries out carry it out 28. ______ adj. 每日的；日常的 (相当于 __________) adv. 每日；天天 (相当于 __________) n. 日报 ____________ = _______________ 日常英语； _________ = ____________ 日常生活 e.g. Teach them useful Chinese expressions for ______ use. 教他们日常实用的汉语表达。 e.g. He comes here ______. = He comes here ___________. 他每天来这儿。 e.g. China ________《中国日报》 【练】地图在我们的日常生活中很有用。 Maps are very useful in our ____________ life. daily everyday every day daily English everyday English daily life everyday life daily Daily every day daily/everyday 29. _____________________ 熟悉/通晓某事物 (主语常为人) e.g. ... you _________________ the arts ... ……你通晓艺术…… e.g. He _________________ Chinese history. 他熟悉中国历史。 e.g. She _________________ three foreign languages. 她通晓三门外语。 ★ 拓展：_________________ (某事物)为某人所熟悉 (主语常为物) e.g. This song _________________ most young people. 这首歌大多数年轻人都熟悉。 e.g. His writing style ________________ his readers. 他的写作风格他的读者都很熟悉。 e.g. That name ________________ many people around the world. 那个名字全世界很多人都熟悉。 be familiar with sth. are familiar with is familiar with is familiar with be familiar to sb. is familiar to is familiar to is familiar to 30. ______ v. 寄，送，写(信)；使落下；掉下 n. 下降，降落 (常用单数形式) n. 滴；水珠 __________________ 给某人发电子邮件 (同义短语：__________________) e.g. To volunteer with us, just __________________! 若想和我们一起做志愿活动，只需给我们发一封电子邮件！ e.g. He ____________________ yesterday about the meeting. 他昨天给我发了一封关于会议的电子邮件。 e.g. Kate _________ the glass. 凯特把玻璃杯弄掉了。 e.g. The leaves on the tree begin to ______. 树上的叶子开始往下落。 e.g. There was a sudden ______ in temperature yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午突然降温了。 e.g. a ______ of water 一滴水 drop drop sb. an email send sb. an email drop us an email dropped me an email dropped drop drop drop 31. ______ n. 才能/天赋 (同义词：______)；天才 ______________ 有……的天赋 e.g. We’d love to know more about you, your skills and ________, and ... 我们想更多地了解你、你的技能和才艺，以及…… e.g. Her children __________________ music. 她的孩子们有音乐天赋。 e.g. Mike, a 7-year-old boy, _____________________ art. 迈克是一个7岁的男孩，他很有艺术天赋。 e.g. He was such a creative ________ and not just an artist. 他是个极具创造力的天才，而不仅仅是个艺术家。 ★ 拓展：________ adj. 有天赋的 _______________ 在某方面有天赋 e.g. She is a very _________ musician. 她是一位非常有天赋的音乐家。 e.g. She _______________ playing the piano. 她在弹钢琴方面很有天赋。 talent gift have a talent for talent have a talent for has a great talent for talent talented be talented in talented is talented in 32. ______________ n.[C (=_____) 广告；启事 (复数形式：______________ = _____) ________________ 一则广告 _______________________ 宣传某物的广告 e.g. I saw your ______________, and ... 我看到了你们的广告，…… e.g. I saw __________________ a new car in the newspaper. 我在报纸上看到了一则新车的广告。 ★ 拓展：__________ v. 做广告，登广告 e.g. We can __________ on the Internet. 我们可以在网上登广告。 e.g. They are ____________ their new product on TV. 他们正在电视上为他们的新产品做广告。 advertisement ad advertisements ads an advertisements an advertisements for sth. advertisement an advertisements for advertise advertise advertising 33 辨析：madam & sir & Mrs & Mr & Miss madam 女士；夫人 正式场合对女性的尊称，可单独使用或后接姓氏，也常用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼 sir 先生 对不认识的男性的称呼或对男性的尊称；也常用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼 Mrs 夫人；太太 用于女子的姓氏或姓名前（对已婚妇女的礼貌称呼） Mr 先生 用于男子的姓氏或姓名前 Miss 小姐 用于未婚女子的姓氏或姓名前 e.g. Dear Sir or Madam ... 尊敬的先生或女士…… e.g. Good morning, Madam. 早上好，女士。 e.g. Madam Wilson 威尔逊女士e.g. Dear Sir /Madam 尊敬的先生/女士 e.g. Are you ready to order, Sir? 先生，可以点菜了吗？ e.g. Mrs Susan Hill 苏珊•希尔夫人e.g. Mr John Brown 约翰•布朗先生 e.g. Miss Li 李小姐 $