Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新五年级英语暑假自学课（沪教版·新教材）

五年级上册暑假自学课（沪教版） Unit 2 How do we stay healthy? 语法易错+巩固练习 学习目标 知识目标：掌握be going to一般疑问句与特殊疑问句的构成与回答，need to与must的用法区分，以及祈使句肯定与否定的构成。 技能目标：能够用be going to提问和回答关于健康计划的问题，能用need to/must/祈使句表达健康建议。 情感态度：树立健康意识，养成良好的生活习惯，关注自己和他人的健康。 语法易错01 be going to一般疑问句中be动词的选择与回答 语法点拨 be going to的一般疑问句将be动词提到主语前，其余顺序不变。不同主语用不同的be动词提问： Are you / we / they going to...? → Yes, ... are. / No, ... aren’t. Is he / she / it going to...? → Yes, ... is. / No, ... isn’t. Am I going to...? → Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t. —Are you going to stay healthy? —你打算保持健康吗？ —Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. —是的，我打算。/不，我不打算。 —Is she going to do more exercise? —她打算做更多运动吗？ —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. —是的，她打算。/不，她不打算。 易错提示 • 一般疑问句中，be动词必须与主语保持一致，不能混用！ • ❌ Is you going to stay healthy? → ✓ Are you going to stay healthy? • ❌ Are she going to do more exercise? → ✓ Is she going to do more exercise? • 肯定回答用短语，不能用缩写：Yes, I am.(✓) / Yes, I’m.(❌) • 否定回答可以用缩写：No, I’m not. / No, he isn’t. 知识演练01 一、用正确的be动词提问 1. _____ you going to stay healthy? 2. _____ she going to do more exercise? 3. _____ he going to eat less junk food? 4. _____ they going to go for a run? 5. _____ Xiaowen going to drink more water? 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. —Are you going to eat healthy food? —Yes, _____ . A. I am B. I’m C. you are ( ) 2. —Is Tingting going to drink more water? —No, _____ . A. she isn’t B. she’s not C. she aren’t ( ) 3. —_____ your parents going to do exercise? —Yes, they are. A. Is B. Are C. Do ( ) 4. —Are they going to eat junk food? —No, _____ . A. they aren’t B. they are C. they isn’t ( ) 5. —Is he going to get enough sleep? —Yes, _____ . A. he’s B. he is C. he are 语法易错02 be going to特殊疑问句及第三人称回答 语法点拨 be going to的特殊疑问句用疑问词开头，后面接一般疑问句语序：疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? What are you going to do? 你打算做什么？ I’m / We are going to eat healthy food. 我/我们打算吃健康食物。 What is he/she going to do? 他/她打算做什么？ He/She is going to do more exercise. 他/她打算做更多运动。 对比： —What are you going to do?” 问你的计划 → 回答用 I am / We are going to... —What is he/she going to do?” 问他/她的计划 → 回答用 He/She is going to... 易错提示 • 特殊疑问句中be动词必须与主语一致：What is he going to do?(✓) / What are he going to do?(❌) • 回答时be动词也要与主语一致：What is she going to do? → She is going to...(✓) / She are going to...(❌) • 千万不要把疑问词和主语混淆：What are you going to do? → I am going to...(✓) / I are going to...(❌) • 特殊疑问句的回答不能只说Yes/No，要具体回答内容！ 知识演练02 一、根据答语写出特殊疑问句 1. —______________________________? —I’m going to eat healthy food. 2. —______________________________? —She is going to drink more water. 3. —______________________________? —He is going to do more exercise. 4. —______________________________? —We are going to go for a run. 二、判断正误，正确的写T，错误的写F并改正 1. What is he going to do? He are going to eat healthy food. ( ) ________ 2. What are you going to do? I’m going to do exercise. ( ) ________ 3. What is she going to do? She is going to drink more water. ( ) ________ 4. What are they going to do? They is going to go for a run. ( ) ________ 语法易错03 need to与must的用法区分 语法点拨 need to和must都表示“需要/必须”，后面都接动词原形，但语气和用法有区别： need to + 动词原形 表示“需要做某事”，强调客观需要： I need to drink more water. 我需要喝更多水。 I need to do more exercise. 我需要做更多运动。 must + 动词原形 表示“必须做某事”，强调主观要求，语气更强烈： We must eat less junk food. 我们必须少吃垃圾食品。 对比： ✓ I need to drink more. ❌ I need to drinking more. ✓ We must eat less. ❌ We must to eat less. 易错提示 • need to后接动词原形，不能接v-ing！❌ I need to eating less. → ✓ I need to eat less. • must后直接接动词原形，不能加to！❌ We must to eat less. → ✓ We must eat less. • need to强调“需要”（客观），must强调“必须”（主观强烈）。如“我需要喝更多水”用need to，“我们必须少吃垃圾食品”用must。 • need to中的to不能省略！❌ I need drink more. → ✓ I need to drink more. 知识演练03 一、用need to或must填空 1. I _____ drink more water every day. (需要) 2. We _____ eat less junk food! It’s bad for us. (必须) 3. She _____ do more exercise to stay healthy. (需要) 4. You _____ get enough sleep every night. (必须) 5. He _____ eat healthy food to be strong. (需要) 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. We must _____ junk food. A. eat less B. to eat less C. eating less ( ) 2. I need to _____ more exercise. A. doing B. do C. does ( ) 3. She _____ eat healthy food every day. A. need to B. must C. must to ( ) 4. You must _____ enough sleep. A. to get B. getting C. get ( ) 5. He needs to _____ a lot of water. A. drink B. drinks C. drinking 语法易错04 祈使句的肯定与否定形式 语法点拨 祈使句用于表达建议、命令或劝告，主语通常是you，但一般省略不写。 肯定祈使句：动词原形 + 其他 Drink a lot of water. 多喝水。 Do exercise every day. 每天做运动。 否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他 Don’t eat junk food. 不要吃垃圾食品。 Don’t eat unhealthy food too often. 不要太经常吃不健康的食物。 对比： ✓ Don’t eat junk food. ❌ No eat junk food. ✓ Do exercise. ❌ You do exercise.(祈使句不加主语) 易错提示 • 否定祈使句用Don’t开头，不用No或Not！❌ No eat junk food. → ✓ Don’t eat junk food. • 祈使句动词用原形，不加-s/-es！❌ Drinks water every day. → ✓ Drink water every day. • 祈使句不需要加主语you（除非强调）！❌ You drink water. → ✓ Drink water. • 注意区分：Don’t eat...是祈使句(建议不吃)，You mustn’t eat...是禁止(绝对不能吃)。 知识演练04 一、将下列句子改为祈使句 1. You should eat healthy food every day. → _________________________ 2. You should not eat too much junk food. → _________________________ 3. You should drink a lot of water. → _________________________ 4. You should do exercise every day. → _________________________ 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. _____ eat unhealthy food too often. A. No B. Don’t C. Not ( ) 2. _____ a lot of water every day. A. Drinking B. Drinks C. Drink ( ) 3. Don’t _____ junk food! A. eat B. eating C. eats ( ) 4. _____ enough sleep every night. A. Get B. Gets C. Getting ( ) 5. _____ play on the computer all day. A. Don’t B. No C. Not 综合提升（54分） 一、情景选择（10分，每小题2分） ( ) 1. —Is your mum going to do exercise with you? —Yes, _____ . A. she’s B. she is C. she are ( ) 2. —What is Xiaowen going to do? —He _____ do more exercise. A. is going to B. are going to C. need to ( ) 3. You look tired. You must _____ enough sleep. A. to get B. getting C. get ( ) 4. _____ eat junk food! It’s bad for your health. A. Don’t B. No C. Not ( ) 5. —Are they going to go for a run? —No, _____ . A. they aren’t B. they are C. they isn’t 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10分，每小题2分） 1. —What _____(be) Tingting going to do? —She’s going to drink more water. 2. We must _____(eat) less junk food. 3. I need to _____(do) more exercise to stay healthy. 4. Don’t _____(play) on the computer all day! 5. _____(be) your brother going to eat healthy food? 三、连词成句（12分，每小题3分） 1. going to / she / is / eat / healthy food / ? _______________________________________________________________________ 2. must / we / less / eat / junk food / . _______________________________________________________________________ 3. you / are / going to / do / what / ? _______________________________________________________________________ 4. don’t / too often / unhealthy food / eat / . _______________________________________________________________________ 四、阅读理解（12分，每小题2分） Read the passage and choose the best answer. Hello! I’m Tingting. I want to stay healthy, so I have a health plan. I’m going to drink a lot of water every day. I need to drink eight glasses of water. I’m going to do exercise too. I’m going to go for a run in the park every morning. My friend Xiaowen is going to do exercise with me. He must eat less junk food. Don’t eat too much unhealthy food, Xiaowen! We’re going to stay healthy together! ( ) 1. What is Tingting going to drink every day? A. Juice. B. A lot of water. C. Milk. ( ) 2. How many glasses of water does Tingting need to drink? A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight. ( ) 3. What is Tingting going to do in the park? A. Go for a run. B. Have a picnic. C. Play football. ( ) 4. What must Xiaowen do? A. Eat more junk food. B. Eat less junk food. C. Drink less water. ( ) 5. Who is going to do exercise with Tingting? A. Her mum. B. Xiaowen. C. Her sister. ( ) 6. What does Tingting say to Xiaowen? A. Eat more healthy food! B. Don’t eat too much unhealthy food! C. You must sleep more! 五、写作（10分） 请用be going to/need to/must/祈使句写一篇短文，介绍你的健康计划。要求： 1. 写出至少3条健康建议；2. 正确使用be going to、need to、must或祈使句；3. 词数40左右。 My Health Plan _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 【知识演练01】 一、1. Are 2. Is 3. Is 4. Are 5. Is 二、1-5 AABAB 【知识演练02】 一、1. What are you going to do? 2. What is she going to do? 3. What is he going to do? 4. What are you going to do? / What are we going to do? 二、1. F → He is going to eat healthy food. 2. T 3. T 4. F → They are going to go for a run. 【知识演练03】 一、1. need to 2. must 3. needs to 4. must 5. needs to 二、1-5 ABBCA 【知识演练04】 一、1. Eat healthy food every day. 2. Don’t eat too much junk food. 3. Drink a lot of water. 4. Do exercise every day. 二、1-5 BCAAA 【综合提升】 一、1-5 BACAA 二、1. is 2. eat 3. do 4. play 5. Is 三、1. Is she going to eat healthy food? 2. We must eat less junk food. 3. What are you going to do? 4. Don’t eat unhealthy food too often. 四、1-6 BCABBB 五、参考范文： My Health Plan I’m going to stay healthy. I need to drink a lot of water every day. I must do exercise and get enough sleep. Don’t eat too much junk food! I’m going to be strong. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $