专题04 不定代词和反身代词（暑假复习）2026-2027学年九年级英语新教材人教版

专题04 复合不定代词和反身代词 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 复合不定代词 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用复合不定代词描述：① 泛指不确定的人或事物，指代未知、无需指明的对象（如 Someone is waiting for you outside.）；② 区分 some 类与 any 类复合不定代词在肯定句、否定句、疑问句中的不同用法（如 I don’t have anything new.）；③ 遵循主谓一致规则，复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词统一使用单数形式（如 Everything is ready.）；④ 牢记形容词修饰复合不定代词需后置的语序规则（如 There is nothing interesting in the newspaper.）；⑤ 辨析 every 类、no 类复合不定代词含义，完成日常情景交际与书面语句表达（如 Nobody knows the answer.）。 复合不定代词 一、语法概述 复合不定代词是由 some, any, no, every 加上 -body, -one, -thing 构成的不定代词，具有不明确指代对象的特点。 二、常见的复合不定代词 类别 -body -one -thing some-类 somebody（某人；有人） someone（某人；有人） something（某事；某物） any-类 anybody（任何人） anyone（任何人） anything（任何事物） no-类 nobody（没有人） no one（没有人） nothing（没有什么） every-类 everybody（每人；所有人） everyone（每人；所有人） everything（每件事；一切） 三、复合不定代词的考点（重点） 【考点1】复合不定代词作主语 规则：复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式（be动词用is，实义动词用第三人称单数）。 No one wants to go there again. 没有人想再去那里。 Everyone hopes to win the match. 每个人都想赢得比赛。 Everything is OK. 一切正常 【考点2】复合不定代词被定语修饰 规则：定语（形容词、不定式to do、else等）需后置，即“复合不定代词 + 定语”。 常考点：形容词修饰时必须后置。 nothing special 没有什么特别的事情 something interesting 有趣的地方 There is something wrong with my car. 我的车有些问题 I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 【考点3】some-类和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别 ①some和含some 不定代词用于肯定句，any和含any的不定代词用于否定句和疑问句。 I will ask someone to carry the box for me. 我有重要事情告诉你。 There is not anything in the box. 盒子里面什么也没有。 ② 表示请求、建议等疑问句，或者问话者希望得到肯定回答的时候，用some或者含some的不定代词。 Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝点什么吗？ ③肯定句中，用含any的不定代词表示“任何人/事” I can do anything for you. 我可以为你做任何事。 【考点4】no one，none , nothing 辨析 ①no one =nobody，只能指人，不与of 连用，回答who引导特殊疑问句。 No one likes him. 没有人喜欢他 ②none 没有一个，既可指人也可指物，可以和of 连用，回答how many/much引导特殊疑问句。 None of the water is wasted. 没有一滴水被浪费。（none of+不可数名词，谓语用单数） None of the books are/is mine. 所有的书都不是我的（+可数名词复数，谓语单复数皆可） ③ nothing 没有任何东西，只能指物。回答What引导的特殊疑问句。 What’s in the box? -Nothing.盒子里有什么？-什么也没有。 【典例破题】I was so hungry at that time that I couldn’t ________. A．saying something B．say anything C．say something D．saying anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那时候我太饿了，以至于说不出任何话来。 考查不定代词。情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形say，否定句中用anything而不用something。故选B。 【巩固提升1】The story of Yu Gong tells us that ______ is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【巩固提升2】—How many tigers are there in this area? —________. Because all of them have been taken to the reserve for safety. A．No B．Nothing C．No one D．None 【巩固提升3】The question is so easy that ________ can answer it. A．no one B．someone C．anyone D．nobody 知识点二 反身代词 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用反身代词描述：① 作动词或介词宾语，表示动作施加在主语自身（如 She can look after herself.）；② 作名词、人称代词的同位语，加强语气，意为 “亲自、本人”（如 I myself cleaned the room.）；③ 掌握含反身代词的固定搭配（enjoy oneself, teach oneself, help oneself 等）；④ 依据主语人称、单复数正确选用对应形式的反身代词；⑤ 在日常交际与书面写作中借助反身代词表达自立、强调等语义。 一、含义：反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。 基本含义为：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、数上保持一致。 Eg: He saw himself in the mirror.     他在镜中里看见了他自己。    (himself 和he为同一人) He saw him in the mirror.     他在镜子里看见了他。      (him指另一个人) 二、形式 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves   我们自己 第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves  你们自己   第三人称 himself  他自己   themselves   他/她/它们自己 herself  她自己 itself 它自己 Eg: She can look after herself very well.   她可以很好地照顾自己。 注意：Oneself是不定代词one的反身代词 三、用法 ①反身代词作动词或介词宾语，经常放在enjoy（享受）、hurt（伤害）、introduce（介绍）、express（表达）、amuse（娱乐）、behave（表现）等词后，如： * She teachers herself English. 她自学英语。 （注：herself时she的反身代词，作teach的宾语） * I planted tree by myself. 这棵树时未自己种的。 （注：myself用作介词by的宾语，表示“由我自己”） ②反身代词表强调，反身代词用作同位语，位于名词或代词后，表示强调，意为“亲自，本人，自身”，如： * The teacher herself visited the boy's parents. 老师亲自拜访了这个男孩的父母。 ③常用的反身代词的固定搭配 by oneself 独自      help oneself to 随便吃 make yourself at home 别拘束，像在自己家一样 hurt oneself 弄伤自己   teach oneself 自学 say to yourself 对自己说，自言自语 by oneself 独自地, 单独地 devote oneself to 致力于...，专注于... enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得快乐 in oneself 本身，自身 help oneself (to sth) 自便，自取 lose oneself (in) 沉迷于, 专注于; 迷路 【典例破题】My brother is only two. He is too young to look after ________. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我弟弟只有两岁。他年龄太小了不能照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“ He is too young to”可知，弟弟年龄太小不能照顾自己，主语为He，此处应用look after oneself表示“照顾某人自己”，he的反身代词为himself。故选D。 【巩固提升1】Boys and girls, believe in ________. It is the secret of success (成功的秘诀). A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．themselves 【巩固提升2】The work is not difficult. Ben and I can do it well by ________. A．ourselves B．yourselves C．herself D．themselves 【巩固提升3】My boys, help ________ to some fish. A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．herself 一、单项选择 1．—Anna, what are you going to give your friend for her birthday? —I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her ________. A．special something B．anything special C．special anything D．something special 2．—Is there ________ interesting in today’s newspaper? —No, nothing special. A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 3．________ is too difficult if you put your heart into it and keep trying. A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing 4．—Where would you like to go?   —I’d like to go ________. A．warm places B．somewhere cool C．peaceful somewhere D．places warm 5．Before we start the trip, our teacher will make sure ________ is ready and safe. A．anybody B．everybody C．nobody D．somebody 6．—Did you call me yesterday? —Yes, I did. I tried several times, but ________ answered. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 7．—I can’t find my pen. Did you see it? —Maybe ________ took it by mistake. Let’s ask the class. A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 8．Is there ________ in the classroom? I want to ask for help. A．somebody else B．anybody else C．else anybody D．else somebody 9．— Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well, so there’s _________ to fear. — Thanks for encouraging me. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 10．—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you? They’re delicious. —________. I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody 11．Don’t lose ________ in computer games, boys. It’s bad for your eyes. A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 12．—Who teaches ________ volleyball? —Nobody, they learn it by ________. A．them; themself B．them; themselves C．themselves; them D．themselves; themselves 13．Don’t worry about Mary. She can look after ________ well. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 14．—Maria, you should believe in ________.   —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 15．I can take care of ________. Don’t worry about me. A．me B．my C．mine D．myself 16．Peter hurt ________ when he climbed the mountains in Utah. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 17．Be careful with the knife and you can avoid cutting ________. A．us B．you C．yourself D．ourselves 18．Mr. Wang enjoys ________ a lot when he helps his students and we all like him. A．his B．he C．him D．himself 19．Gulliver was surprised to find ________ lying on the grass with many tiny men all over him. A．him B．he C．his D．himself 20．Hello! Tom and Mike. Welcome to my house. Please help ________ to some fish. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 二、完形填空 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 It was winter. The 1 was cold and wet. The wind was blowing and I could see thick 2 on the ground. Mother was ill and I went to town to buy some 3 for her. The bus station was half an hour’s walk from our 4 . And when I got there, a lot of people were waiting for the bus. I 5 it was Saturday and farmers went to 6 their fruit and vegetables and fowls (家禽) in the market. About half an hour 7 , the bus came and there were many people at the station. As soon as it stopped, people crowded onto it. I was young and 8 got on. There were so many people in the bus that it was difficult for some people to put their 9 down. We waited for a long time, but it didn’t start and a few people 10 their patience and shouted loudly. A young man 11 something and the bus began to 12 down the slope (斜坡). But we felt happy only for a short time. A woman called out, “Where’s the driver?” At that moment, we saw the driver 13 after the bus. Do you know why the driver 14 the bus? He found there was something wrong with the bus at the station. He got off to 15 it. But he couldn’t get on any longer! 1．A．room B．weather C．air D．field 2．A．water B．rain C．snow D．clouds 3．A．food B．clothes C．drink D．medicine 4．A．village B．town C．city D．island 5．A．thought B．hoped C．remembered D．counted 6．A．lend B．show C．buy D．sell 7．A．ago B．later C．before D．after 8．A．slowly B．easily C．politely D．sadly 9．A．feet B．hands C．arms D．heads 10．A．kept B．found C．lost D．won 11．A．hurt B．touched C．closed D．hit 12．A．fly B．stop C．swim D．move 13．A．walking B．running C．looking D．pushing 14．A．caught B．watched C．missed D．broke 15．A．repair B．pull C．see D．make 三、阅读理解 When 16-year-old Grace started high school, she didn’t realize how important friends would become. At first, she focused only on her classes and grades. But as the year went on, she found herself talking more and more with a girl in her art class named Zoe. They shared jokes at lunch, helped each other with homework, and sometimes walked home together. Grace says, “Talking to Zoe makes me feel understood when I’m stressed.” Grace’s experience is not unique. A large study of teenagers found that friendships play a big role in teenagers’ emotional lives. Many teenagers say they have close friends they can turn to when they feel upset or overwhelmed. These friendships help teenagers feel accepted, supported, and less lonely when life gets difficult. Friendships do more than that. Research suggests these close relationships help teenagers learn important social skills, such as listening to someone else, sharing feelings, and solving disagreements. However, teenagers sometimes disagree or feel hurt by friends. Studies show that arguments and misunderstandings are common, and working through them helps teenagers learn how to communicate more clearly and build trust with others. For many teenagers, friendships also help shape their identity. They influence how teenagers see themselves and how they connect with the world. Friends can encourage each other to try new activities, and help one another grow into better young adults. In short, friendships are a central part of teenagers’ lives. They provide emotional support, help teenagers develop important life skills, and contribute to personal growth. Even when friendships face challenges, they teach valuable lessons about understanding, care, and connection. 1．The author uses Grace’s example in the first paragraph to introduce ________. A．the situation of a new high school B．the importance of high school classes C．the improvement of her study with the help of her friends D．the topic that friendship is important for teenagers 2．The underlined word “overwhelmed” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．relaxed B．bored C．under stress D．confident 3．In the passage, close relationship helps teenagers learn social skills except ________. A．listening to others B．working together with others C．sharing feelings D．solving disagreements 4．According to the studies, it is ________ to have arguments and misunderstanding between friends. A．common B．strange C．rare D．crazy 5．With the encouragement from his friend, Tom decided to try rock climbing. The example shows friendship helps ________. A．provide emotional support B．solve disagreements C．shape identity D．build trust 四、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Last summer, my family and I went on a trip to Mount Green. We 1 (drive) there early in the morning. The mountain was about 100 kilometers from our city, so the trip took us two hours. When we arrived, we were 2 (surprise) by the beautiful scenery. The air was 3 (clean) than in the city, and the trees were green. We started climbing at 9:00 a.m. At first, I felt excited, but after an hour, my legs became heavy. My father encouraged me, “Don’t give up! The view from the top is the 4 (good).” Finally, we reached the top at noon. We could see the whole city below. It was amazing! We took many photos and ate some sandwiches for lunch. On the way down, we met a group of 5 (tourist) from Canada. They spoke English, so I tried 6 (talk) with them. I was a little nervous at first, but they were very 7 (friend). We got home at 6:00 p.m. I was tired but happy. This trip was 8 unforgettable experience for me. I learned that 9 we face difficulties, we should keep trying. I hope I can go there again 10 my friends next year. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 复合不定代词和反身代词 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 复合不定代词 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用复合不定代词描述：① 泛指不确定的人或事物，指代未知、无需指明的对象（如 Someone is waiting for you outside.）；② 区分 some 类与 any 类复合不定代词在肯定句、否定句、疑问句中的不同用法（如 I don’t have anything new.）；③ 遵循主谓一致规则，复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词统一使用单数形式（如 Everything is ready.）；④ 牢记形容词修饰复合不定代词需后置的语序规则（如 There is nothing interesting in the newspaper.）；⑤ 辨析 every 类、no 类复合不定代词含义，完成日常情景交际与书面语句表达（如 Nobody knows the answer.）。 复合不定代词 一、语法概述 复合不定代词是由 some, any, no, every 加上 -body, -one, -thing 构成的不定代词，具有不明确指代对象的特点。 二、常见的复合不定代词 类别 -body -one -thing some-类 somebody（某人；有人） someone（某人；有人） something（某事；某物） any-类 anybody（任何人） anyone（任何人） anything（任何事物） no-类 nobody（没有人） no one（没有人） nothing（没有什么） every-类 everybody（每人；所有人） everyone（每人；所有人） everything（每件事；一切） 三、复合不定代词的考点（重点） 【考点1】复合不定代词作主语 规则：复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式（be动词用is，实义动词用第三人称单数）。 No one wants to go there again. 没有人想再去那里。 Everyone hopes to win the match. 每个人都想赢得比赛。 Everything is OK. 一切正常 【考点2】复合不定代词被定语修饰 规则：定语（形容词、不定式to do、else等）需后置，即“复合不定代词 + 定语”。 常考点：形容词修饰时必须后置。 nothing special 没有什么特别的事情 something interesting 有趣的地方 There is something wrong with my car. 我的车有些问题 I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 【考点3】some-类和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别 ①some和含some 不定代词用于肯定句，any和含any的不定代词用于否定句和疑问句。 I will ask someone to carry the box for me. 我有重要事情告诉你。 There is not anything in the box. 盒子里面什么也没有。 ② 表示请求、建议等疑问句，或者问话者希望得到肯定回答的时候，用some或者含some的不定代词。 Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝点什么吗？ ③肯定句中，用含any的不定代词表示“任何人/事” I can do anything for you. 我可以为你做任何事。 【考点4】no one，none , nothing 辨析 ①no one =nobody，只能指人，不与of 连用，回答who引导特殊疑问句。 No one likes him. 没有人喜欢他 ②none 没有一个，既可指人也可指物，可以和of 连用，回答how many/much引导特殊疑问句。 None of the water is wasted. 没有一滴水被浪费。（none of+不可数名词，谓语用单数） None of the books are/is mine. 所有的书都不是我的（+可数名词复数，谓语单复数皆可） ③ nothing 没有任何东西，只能指物。回答What引导的特殊疑问句。 What’s in the box? -Nothing.盒子里有什么？-什么也没有。 【典例破题】I was so hungry at that time that I couldn’t ________. A．saying something B．say anything C．say something D．saying anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那时候我太饿了，以至于说不出任何话来。 考查不定代词。情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形say，否定句中用anything而不用something。故选B。 【巩固提升1】The story of Yu Gong tells us that ______ is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：愚公的故事告诉我们，如果我们永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。 考查不定代词用法。something某件事；nothing没有什么；anything任何事情；everything每件事。根据“...is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up.”可知，永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。故选B。 【巩固提升2】—How many tigers are there in this area? —________. Because all of them have been taken to the reserve for safety. A．No B．Nothing C．No one D．None 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个地区有多少只老虎？——一只也没有。因为它们都被送到保护区以确保安全。 考查不定代词。no不；nothing没什么事；no one没有人；none没有一个。根据“Because all of them have been taken to the reserve for safety.”可知，所有的老虎都被送到保护区了，所以这个地区一只老虎都没有了。故选D。 【巩固提升3】The question is so easy that ________ can answer it. A．no one B．someone C．anyone D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个问题太简单了，任何人都能回答。 考查不定代词辨析。no one没有人；someone某人；anyone任何人；nobody没有人。根据“The question is so easy”可知，问题非常简单，任何人都能回答。故选C。 知识点二 反身代词 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用反身代词描述：① 作动词或介词宾语，表示动作施加在主语自身（如 She can look after herself.）；② 作名词、人称代词的同位语，加强语气，意为 “亲自、本人”（如 I myself cleaned the room.）；③ 掌握含反身代词的固定搭配（enjoy oneself, teach oneself, help oneself 等）；④ 依据主语人称、单复数正确选用对应形式的反身代词；⑤ 在日常交际与书面写作中借助反身代词表达自立、强调等语义。 一、含义：反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。 基本含义为：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、数上保持一致。 Eg: He saw himself in the mirror.     他在镜中里看见了他自己。    (himself 和he为同一人) He saw him in the mirror.     他在镜子里看见了他。      (him指另一个人) 二、形式 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves   我们自己 第二人称 yourself你自己 yourselves  你们自己   第三人称 himself  他自己   themselves   他/她/它们自己 herself  她自己 itself 它自己 Eg: She can look after herself very well.   她可以很好地照顾自己。 注意：Oneself是不定代词one的反身代词 三、用法 ①反身代词作动词或介词宾语，经常放在enjoy（享受）、hurt（伤害）、introduce（介绍）、express（表达）、amuse（娱乐）、behave（表现）等词后，如： * She teachers herself English. 她自学英语。 （注：herself时she的反身代词，作teach的宾语） * I planted tree by myself. 这棵树时未自己种的。 （注：myself用作介词by的宾语，表示“由我自己”） ②反身代词表强调，反身代词用作同位语，位于名词或代词后，表示强调，意为“亲自，本人，自身”，如： * The teacher herself visited the boy's parents. 老师亲自拜访了这个男孩的父母。 ③常用的反身代词的固定搭配 by oneself 独自      help oneself to 随便吃 make yourself at home 别拘束，像在自己家一样 hurt oneself 弄伤自己   teach oneself 自学 say to yourself 对自己说，自言自语 by oneself 独自地, 单独地 devote oneself to 致力于...，专注于... enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得快乐 in oneself 本身，自身 help oneself (to sth) 自便，自取 lose oneself (in) 沉迷于, 专注于; 迷路 【典例破题】My brother is only two. He is too young to look after ________. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我弟弟只有两岁。他年龄太小了不能照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“ He is too young to”可知，弟弟年龄太小不能照顾自己，主语为He，此处应用look after oneself表示“照顾某人自己”，he的反身代词为himself。故选D。 【巩固提升1】Boys and girls, believe in ________. It is the secret of success (成功的秘诀). A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩女孩们，要相信你们自己。这是成功的秘诀。 考查反身代词。yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据“Boys and girls”可知，此处是指相信你们自己，用yourselves。故选B。 【巩固提升2】The work is not difficult. Ben and I can do it well by ________. A．ourselves B．yourselves C．herself D．themselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这项工作不难。本和我可以自己把它做好。 考查反身代词的用法。ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己；herself她自己；themselves他们自己。by oneself表示“独自，靠自己”。句子主语是Ben and I，第一人称复数，其对应的反身代词是ourselves。故选A。 【巩固提升3】My boys, help ________ to some fish. A．yourself B．yourselves C．himself D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩们，请随便吃点鱼。 考查代词辨析。yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；himself他自己；herself她自己。根据“boys”可知，此处是对多个男孩说的，所以对应的反身代词应该是yourselves“你们自己”，表示让这些男孩子们随意吃鱼。故选B。 一、单项选择 1．—Anna, what are you going to give your friend for her birthday? —I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her ________. A．special something B．anything special C．special anything D．something special 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Anna，你打算送你朋友什么生日礼物？——我不确定。但我会给她买些特别的东西。 形容词修饰复合不定代词时需后置，排除A、C选项；something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句，本句为肯定句，排除B选项。 2．—Is there ________ interesting in today’s newspaper? —No, nothing special. A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天的报纸有什么有趣的事吗？——不，没什么特别的。 something某事；everything一切；nothing没有什么；anything任何事。根据“Is there…?”可知句子是一般疑问句，应用“anything”。 3．________ is too difficult if you put your heart into it and keep trying. A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你全心投入并坚持尝试，没有什么事是太难的。 Something某事；Anything任何事；Everything每件事；Nothing没什么。根据“if you put your heart into it and keep trying”可知，只要努力坚持，就没有什么是困难的，符合语境。故填Nothing。 4．—Where would you like to go?   —I’d like to go ________. A．warm places B．somewhere cool C．peaceful somewhere D．places warm 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想去哪里？——我想去某个凉爽的地方。 somewhere是不定副词，形容词修饰不定副词时要放在其后，即somewhere cool；go后接地点副词somewhere无需加介词to，而接名词places通常需要加to。 5．Before we start the trip, our teacher will make sure ________ is ready and safe. A．anybody B．everybody C．nobody D．somebody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们开始旅行之前，我们的老师会确保每个人都准备好并且是安全的。 anybody任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；everybody每个人，指全体；nobody没有人，表示否定；somebody某人，常用于肯定句。根据常识，旅行出发前老师应确认所有学生都准备好且安全。此处应表示“所有人”，应填everybody。 6．—Did you call me yesterday? —Yes, I did. I tried several times, but ________ answered. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天你给我打电话了吗？——是的，我打了。我试了几次，但是没人接听。 everybody所有人；每个人；somebody某人；有人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“I tried several times”和“but”可知，此处是说“没人接听电话”，用nobody。 7．—I can’t find my pen. Did you see it? —Maybe ________ took it by mistake. Let’s ask the class. A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我找不到我的钢笔。你看到它了吗？——也许有人拿错了。让我们问问班上的同学。 someone某人，有人；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everyone每个人。根据“Let’s ask the class.”可知，此处表示不确定的某个人，即有人拿错了钢笔，应填someone。 8．Is there ________ in the classroom? I want to ask for help. A．somebody else B．anybody else C．else anybody D．else somebody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教室里还有其他人吗？我想寻求帮助。 else修饰不定代词时应置于其后，排除C和D；根据语境是一般疑问句，询问是否有别人。一般疑问句中通常使用anybody，应填anybody else。 9．— Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well, so there’s _________ to fear. — Thanks for encouraging me. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——别担心考试。你准备得很好，所以没什么可害怕的。——感谢你的鼓励。 考查不定代词辨析。something某事；anything任何事；nothing没什么；everything一切。根据“Don’t worry about the exam. You’ve prepared well”可知，因为准备充分，所以没有什么需要害怕的，应选择表示否定意义的词nothing。故选C。 10．—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you? They’re delicious. —________. I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁为你做的热干面？它们很好吃。——没有人。我自己在互联网上学会做它们的。 考查不定代词辨析。Everybody每个人；Somebody某人；Nobody没有人；Anybody任何人。根据答句“I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet.”可知，说话者是自己动手做的，因此没有人帮忙做面条，需用表示否定的Nobody。故选C。 11．Don’t lose ________ in computer games, boys. It’s bad for your eyes. A．yourself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩们，不要沉迷于电脑游戏。这对你们的眼睛不好。 yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。lose oneself in为固定短语，意为“沉迷于……”。本句为祈使句，隐含主语为you，根据称呼语“boys”可知是复数，故反身代词应用第二人称复数yourselves。 12．—Who teaches ________ volleyball? —Nobody, they learn it by ________. A．them; themself B．them; themselves C．themselves; them D．themselves; themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁教他们排球？——没有人，他们自学的。   them他们，代词宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词。“teach sb. sth.”意为“教某人某事”，“teach”后接宾格代词作宾语，故第一空填“them”；“learn by oneself”意为“自学”，“oneself”需与主语“they”保持一致，第二空应用“themselves”。 13．Don’t worry about Mary. She can look after ________ well. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别担心玛丽。她能照顾好她自己。 himself他自己；herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据前句“Don’t worry about Mary”及后句主语“She”可知，此处表示照顾好“她自己”，应该用反身代词，主语she是女性单数，照顾的对象应与主语一致，应填herself。 14．—Maria, you should believe in ________.   —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，你应该相信你自己。——好的，我会的。 myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“Maria, you should…”可知，说话者是对玛丽亚提出建议，句子主语隐含为you，因此反身代词应用yourself。 15．I can take care of ________. Don’t worry about me. A．me B．my C．mine D．myself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我能照顾自己。别担心我。 句中“take care of”后应接反身代词，表示“照顾自己”，主语“I”对应的反身代词为“myself”，故填myself。 16．Peter hurt ________ when he climbed the mountains in Utah. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】【解析】：句意：彼得在犹他州爬山时伤到了他自己。 myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据主语“Peter”及后半句“he climbed”可知，彼得是男性，且伤到了他自己，应用 himself。 17．Be careful with the knife and you can avoid cutting ________. A．us B．you C．yourself D．ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小心用刀，你可以避免割伤你自己。 us我们；you你；yourself你自己；ourselves我们自己。祈使句隐含主语为you，当动作发出者和承受者为同一人时，宾语需用反身代词。根据“Be careful... you can avoid...”可知主语是you，对应反身代词yourself。 18．Mr. Wang enjoys ________ a lot when he helps his students and we all like him. A．his B．he C．him D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：王先生在帮助学生时过得非常愉快，我们都喜欢他。 his他的；he他；him他；himself他自己。固定搭配enjoy oneself意为“过得愉快”，主语Mr. Wang是男性，故反身代词用himself。 19．Gulliver was surprised to find ________ lying on the grass with many tiny men all over him. A．him B．he C．his D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：格列佛惊讶地发现他自己躺在草地上，身上爬满了许多小矮人。 him他，宾格；he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“lying on the grass with many tiny men all over him”可知，此处表示“他发现自己躺在草地上”，应用反身代词himself表示“他自己”。 20．Hello! Tom and Mike. Welcome to my house. Please help ________ to some fish. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你好！汤姆和迈克。欢迎来到我家。请随便吃鱼。 you你/你们；your你的/你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。help oneself to意为“请随便吃”，根据“Tom and Mike”可知是对两个人说话，反身代词应用复数形式。故选D。 二、完形填空 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 It was winter. The 1 was cold and wet. The wind was blowing and I could see thick 2 on the ground. Mother was ill and I went to town to buy some 3 for her. The bus station was half an hour’s walk from our 4 . And when I got there, a lot of people were waiting for the bus. I 5 it was Saturday and farmers went to 6 their fruit and vegetables and fowls (家禽) in the market. About half an hour 7 , the bus came and there were many people at the station. As soon as it stopped, people crowded onto it. I was young and 8 got on. There were so many people in the bus that it was difficult for some people to put their 9 down. We waited for a long time, but it didn’t start and a few people 10 their patience and shouted loudly. A young man 11 something and the bus began to 12 down the slope (斜坡). But we felt happy only for a short time. A woman called out, “Where’s the driver?” At that moment, we saw the driver 13 after the bus. Do you know why the driver 14 the bus? He found there was something wrong with the bus at the station. He got off to 15 it. But he couldn’t get on any longer! 1．A．room B．weather C．air D．field 2．A．water B．rain C．snow D．clouds 3．A．food B．clothes C．drink D．medicine 4．A．village B．town C．city D．island 5．A．thought B．hoped C．remembered D．counted 6．A．lend B．show C．buy D．sell 7．A．ago B．later C．before D．after 8．A．slowly B．easily C．politely D．sadly 9．A．feet B．hands C．arms D．heads 10．A．kept B．found C．lost D．won 11．A．hurt B．touched C．closed D．hit 12．A．fly B．stop C．swim D．move 13．A．walking B．running C．looking D．pushing 14．A．caught B．watched C．missed D．broke 15．A．repair B．pull C．see D．make 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者在冬天去镇上给生病的母亲买药，乘坐公共汽车时发生的意外事件——司机下车修车，结果车滑下斜坡，司机在后面追赶。 1．句意：天气又冷又湿。 下文提到风在吹，说明描述的是“天气”，weather“天气”符合。room“房间”，air“空气”，field“田野”，均与冷湿的描述不符。 2．句意：风呼呼地吹，我能看到地上厚厚的积雪。 冬天提示有“雪”，snow“雪”符合。water“水”，rain“雨”，clouds“云”，均与地上积累的白色物体不符。 3．句意：母亲病了，我去镇上给她买些药。 母亲生病需要“药”，medicine“药”符合。food“食物”，clothes“衣服”，drink“饮料”，均与看病买药不符。 4．句意：公交车站离我们村有半小时的步行路程。 作者从家出发去镇上，说明住在“村庄”里，village“村庄”符合。town“镇”，city“城市”，island“岛”，均与居住地不符。 5．句意：我想起那天是星期六，农民们去市场卖他们的水果、蔬菜和家禽。 作者“想起”当天是星期六，remembered“想起，记起”符合。thought“想”（表示曾经以为是，实际不是），hoped“希望”，counted“数”，均与记起不符。 6．句意：我想起那天是星期六，农民们去市场卖他们的水果、蔬菜和家禽。 农民去市场是为了“卖”农产品，sell“卖”符合。lend“借”，show“展示”，buy“买”，均与农民去市场的目的不符。 7．句意：大约半小时后，公共汽车来了，车站有很多人。 等待了“半小时后”，later“之后”符合。ago“以前”，before“在……之前”，after“在……之后”后接时间段时通常用after + 时间段，after不置于句末。 8．句意：我年轻，很容易就上了车。 年轻人身体灵活，“容易地”挤上车，easily“容易地”符合。slowly“缓慢地”，politely“礼貌地”，sadly“悲伤地”，均与上车难易无关。 9．句意：车上人太多，有些人连脚都放不下。 车上拥挤，连“脚”都没地方放，feet“脚”符合。hands“手”，arms“手臂”，heads“头”，均与站立空间无关。 10．句意：一些人失去了耐心，大声喊叫。 等待太久，“失去”了耐心，lost their patience“失去耐心”，lost“失去”符合。kept“保持”，found“发现”，won“赢得”，均与耐心不符。 11．句意：一个年轻人碰到了什么东西，公共汽车开始滑下斜坡。 车开始移动，说明有人“碰到了”什么东西，touched“碰到，触摸”符合。hurt“受伤”侧重伤害，hit“撞击”力度较重，closed“关闭”，均与动作不符。 12．句意：一个年轻人碰到了什么东西，公共汽车开始滑下斜坡。 车开始“移动”，move down the slope“滑下斜坡”，move“移动”符合。fly“飞”，stop“停止”，swim“游泳”，均与车辆运动不符。 13．句意：在那一刻，我们看到司机在公共汽车后面跑。 司机在车后面“追赶”，running“跑”符合。walking“走”速度太慢，looking“看”，pushing“推”，均与追赶动作不符。 14．句意：你知道为什么司机错过了公共汽车吗？ 司机没能上车，说明“错过了”公交车，missed“错过”符合。caught“抓住”，watched“观看”，broke“打破”，均与错过不符。 15．句意：他下车去修理它。 司机下车是为了“修理”故障，repair“修理”符合。pull“拉”，see“看见”，make“制作”，均与修车不符。 三、阅读理解 When 16-year-old Grace started high school, she didn’t realize how important friends would become. At first, she focused only on her classes and grades. But as the year went on, she found herself talking more and more with a girl in her art class named Zoe. They shared jokes at lunch, helped each other with homework, and sometimes walked home together. Grace says, “Talking to Zoe makes me feel understood when I’m stressed.” Grace’s experience is not unique. A large study of teenagers found that friendships play a big role in teenagers’ emotional lives. Many teenagers say they have close friends they can turn to when they feel upset or overwhelmed. These friendships help teenagers feel accepted, supported, and less lonely when life gets difficult. Friendships do more than that. Research suggests these close relationships help teenagers learn important social skills, such as listening to someone else, sharing feelings, and solving disagreements. However, teenagers sometimes disagree or feel hurt by friends. Studies show that arguments and misunderstandings are common, and working through them helps teenagers learn how to communicate more clearly and build trust with others. For many teenagers, friendships also help shape their identity. They influence how teenagers see themselves and how they connect with the world. Friends can encourage each other to try new activities, and help one another grow into better young adults. In short, friendships are a central part of teenagers’ lives. They provide emotional support, help teenagers develop important life skills, and contribute to personal growth. Even when friendships face challenges, they teach valuable lessons about understanding, care, and connection. 1．The author uses Grace’s example in the first paragraph to introduce ________. A．the situation of a new high school B．the importance of high school classes C．the improvement of her study with the help of her friends D．the topic that friendship is important for teenagers 2．The underlined word “overwhelmed” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．relaxed B．bored C．under stress D．confident 3．In the passage, close relationship helps teenagers learn social skills except ________. A．listening to others B．working together with others C．sharing feelings D．solving disagreements 4．According to the studies, it is ________ to have arguments and misunderstanding between friends. A．common B．strange C．rare D．crazy 5．With the encouragement from his friend, Tom decided to try rock climbing. The example shows friendship helps ________. A．provide emotional support B．solve disagreements C．shape identity D．build trust 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文主要通过Grace的交友经历引出主题，阐述友谊对青少年至关重要，能给予他们情感慰藉，还能帮助青少年掌握倾听、共情、化解矛盾等社交能力。 1．第一段通过Grace的具体事例引出话题，接着第二段指出“Grace’s experience is not…in teenagers’ emotional lives. ”表明该事例是为了引出友谊对青少年很重要这一普遍主题。 2．根据划线词所在句“when they feel upset or overwhelmed”及后文“when life gets difficult”可知，此处指生活困难时感到的负面情绪，与“under stress（处于压力下）”意思相近。 3．根据第三段“ these close relationships help…and solving disagreements”可知，文中明确提到了倾听、分享情感和解决分歧，未提及“working together with others”。 4．根据第四段“Studies show that arguments and misunderstandings are common”可知，研究表明朋友间的争吵和误解是常见的。 5．根据第五段“For many teenagers, friendships also help shape their identity... Friends can encourage each other to try new activities”可知，鼓励尝试新活动（如攀岩）属于友谊帮助塑造身份认同的一部分。 四、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Last summer, my family and I went on a trip to Mount Green. We 1 (drive) there early in the morning. The mountain was about 100 kilometers from our city, so the trip took us two hours. When we arrived, we were 2 (surprise) by the beautiful scenery. The air was 3 (clean) than in the city, and the trees were green. We started climbing at 9:00 a.m. At first, I felt excited, but after an hour, my legs became heavy. My father encouraged me, “Don’t give up! The view from the top is the 4 (good).” Finally, we reached the top at noon. We could see the whole city below. It was amazing! We took many photos and ate some sandwiches for lunch. On the way down, we met a group of 5 (tourist) from Canada. They spoke English, so I tried 6 (talk) with them. I was a little nervous at first, but they were very 7 (friend). We got home at 6:00 p.m. I was tired but happy. This trip was 8 unforgettable experience for me. I learned that 9 we face difficulties, we should keep trying. I hope I can go there again 10 my friends next year. 【答案】 1．drove 2．surprised 3．cleaner 4．best 5．tourists 6．to talk 7．friendly 8．an 9．when 10．with 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者去年夏天和家人去青山旅行的经历，作者在这次旅行中克服困难登上山顶，还结识了外国游客，收获了难忘的体验与成长感悟。 1．句意：我们一大早就开车去了那里。句首“Last summer”表明故事发生在过去，句子需用一般过去时，动词drive的过去式为drove。 2．句意：当我们到达时，我们被美丽的景色惊呆了。“be surprised by...”是固定搭配，表示“对……感到惊讶/吃惊”，主语是人，用surprised。 3．句意：这里的空气比城市里的更清新，树木也很绿。句中出现“than”，表示两者比较，需用形容词clean的比较级cleaner。 4．句意：别放弃！山顶的景色是最美的。句中“the”后接形容词最高级，山顶的景色是所有景色中最好的，good的最高级为best。 5．句意：下山的路上，我们遇到了一群来自加拿大的游客。“a group of”后接可数名词复数，tourist的复数形式为tourists。 6．句意：他们说英语，所以我试着和他们交谈。try to do sth.表示“尽力/尝试做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用动词不定式to talk。 7．句意：一开始我有点紧张，但他们非常友好。句中“were”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，friend的形容词形式为friendly“友好的”。 8．句意：这次旅行对我来说是一次难忘的经历。“unforgettable experience”中，unforgettable以元音音素开头，且experience在此处为可数名词单数，表示“一次经历”，需用不定冠词an。 9．句意：我明白了当我们面对困难时，我们应该继续努力。此处需用引导时间状语从句的连词表达“当……的时候”的含义，用when。 10．句意：我希望明年能和我的朋友们再去那里。表示“和……一起”用介词with，构成短语with my friends“和我的朋友们一起”。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $