专题02 形容词和副词的比较等级（暑假复习）2026-2027学年九年级英语新教材人教版

专题02 形容词和副词的比较等级 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 形容词的用法 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用形容词描述：① 作前置定语修饰普通名词，刻画人、事物外形与特质（如 a warm sweater）；② 修饰不定代词时后置，限定事物属性（如 something important）；③ 置于系动词后作表语，体现主语自身状态特征（如 The park is beautiful.）；④ 作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的特点（如 We keep our bedroom clean.）。 形容词用于修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、属性或特征。基本用法如下： 位置 例句 作定语 放在名词前 This is aninterestingbook. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时,通常后置 I have somethingimportantto tell you. 作表语 放在系动词后,系动词主要有be动词、三变化（turn，get，become）、感官动词以及stay, go, seem等 This activity is meaningful. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. You look very happy. Lucy always stays positive. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep, make, leave等动词之后，说明宾语的性质、状态和特征 We should keep our classroomclean. 作状语 相当于状语从句，可位于句首、句末或句中。 He arrived home,hungryandtired. 【拓展】 （1）形容词alive, alone, afraid, awake, asleep, well（健康的）等只能作表语。如：Don't be afraid! （2）有些形容词位于定冠词the之后，泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用复数（如：be用are/were）。这类词有: young/old, rich/poor, healthy/ill, living/dead等。如： The wise are always listening, not speaking. 【典例破题】I drank too much coffee last night, so I stayed ________ until 2:00 a.m. A．alone B．awake C．scared D．tired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚我喝了太多咖啡，所以我保持清醒直到凌晨2点。 alone独自的；awake醒着的；scared害怕的；tired疲倦的。根据“I drank too much coffee last night”可知，喝咖啡通常会导致难以入睡，结合“until 2:00 a.m.”可知是保持清醒状态。 【巩固提升1】—Eating too much junk food is ________ to our health. —I agree. We should eat more vegetables and fruit. A．helpful B．colorful C．harmful D．useful 【巩固提升2】The book is very ________. I am ________ in it. A．interesting; interested B．interested; interesting C．interesting; interesting D．interested; interested 【巩固提升3】—I think the boy is ________ although that thief ran away. —You are right. We should learn from him. A．happy B．joyful C．brave D．proud 知识点二 副词的用法 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用副词描述：① 修饰实义动词，说明动作的方式、时间、地点、频率（如 She sings beautifully.）；② 修饰形容词或其他副词，表达程度深浅（如 The room is quite big. He runs very fast.）；③ 置于句首修饰整句话，表达评价、语气（如 Luckily, we caught the bus.）；④ 掌握频度副词、方式副词在句中的摆放位置（如 My mother always cooks dinner.）。 1.副词的基本用法 功能 位置 例句 作状语 ①多数副词放在动词之后 It's raining heavily now. ②动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后 The girl listens to the teacher carefully. ③频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后 We can often see the girl read here. ④程度副词修饰形容词或副词，一般放在被修饰词前 I'm almost ready. 作表语 主要限于少数状态或位置副词、时间副词以及其他副词 When will you be back？ 作定语 一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 Life here is full of joy. 作补足语 可作主语补足语或宾语补足语，说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等 He is too young to leave him at home alone.（作宾语补足语） 2.常见副词的位置及分类 类型 典型词汇 用法 频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom,hardly ever, never等 置于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词及情态动词之后，表示动作发生的频率 方式副词 quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等 置于不及物动词之后或及物动词之前，表示动作的行为方式 程度副词 heavily, quite, enough, almost, hardly, rather, a lot, a little, so, too, much等 置于被修饰的词前，表示动词、形容词或另一个副词的强度或程度 时间副词 now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago,just, soon, lately,already, ever, yet等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的时间，是确定句子时态的重要标志 地点副词 outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 疑问副词（词组） when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等 置于特殊疑问句或宾语从句的句首，用于构成特殊疑问句 【注意】enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置。如：The boy is old enough to go to school.（修饰形容词） Sara speaks English well enough to communicate with a British.（修饰副词） 3.其他常考副词 anyway无论如何 abroad在国外 alone独自 also并且；也 besides此外 especially尤其；特别 finally最后；最终 however然而；不过 instead代替；反而 once一次；曾经 perhaps可能；大概 probably大概 【拓展】 （1）有些以-ly结尾的单词是形容词，如： friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, ugly等 （2）同形形容词和副词 ①词义相近的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 We had an early breakfast.（早的） We had breakfast early.（早地） We went by a fast train.（快的） Don't speak so fast.（快地） ②词义不同的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 I want a straight answer.（坦诚的） He went straight to Beijing.（直接地） I don't feel well today.（健康的） Our plans go well.（顺利地） It is as hard as a stone.（坚硬的） The test is so hard.（困难的） She studies hard.（努力地） He holds the paper hard.（用力地） （3）有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly之后意义相差很大，如： 4.副词词义辨析 分析浙江真题，副词词义辨析主要在完形填空中考查，且主要考查的是-ly副词词义辨析，偶尔涉及频度副词词义辨析 【典例破题】—Would you like to have some coffee, Jack? —________ I don’t like it, but I will try a little this time. A．Probably B．Finally C．Especially D．Actually 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你想喝点咖啡吗？——实际上我不喜欢它，但这次我会尝试一点。 Probably大概；Finally最后；Especially尤其；Actually实际上。根据答语中“I don’t like it”可知，说话人是在陈述真实情况，与通常接受邀请的预期形成对比，应用Actually表示“实际上”。故选D。 【巩固提升1】We should speak to the elderly ________ and offer them help when they are in need. A．loudly B．rudely C．politely D．quickly 【巩固提升2】The writer is popular among young people, ________ for his humorous style. A．especially B．completely C．simply D．closely 【巩固提升3】Wearing sunglasses can stop the sun from shining ________ into our eyes in summer. A．exactly B．actually C．directly D．differently 知识点三 形容词和副词比较等级 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级描述：① 运用 as…as、not as/so…as 原级句型表达人或事物程度相同 / 不及对方（如 He runs as fast as his brother.）；② 使用比较级搭配 than，对两个人、两类事物的特征或动作进行对比（如 This story is more interesting than that one.）；③ 运用带 the 的最高级，结合 in/of 限定范围，表示群体中程度最优（如 This is the cheapest shop of all.）；④ 用 much、even、far 等词修饰比较级，加深对比程度（如 Lily sings much better than Lucy.）；⑤ 区分形容词三级、副词三级的句法用法，掌握不规则变化形式（如 good/well-better-best）。 1.形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则 （1）规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 直接加-er, -est young younger youngest 以不发音e结尾的加-r, -st large larger largest 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 以“辅音字母加y”结尾，先变y为i,再加-er, -est happy easy healthy happier easier shier happiest easiest healthiest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more, most careful clever more careful more clever the most careful the most clever （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法 （1）原级的用法 用法 例句 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级 The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 被程度副词very， so， too， enough， quite等修饰时用原级 She's very nice when you get to know her. as+原级+as Jack is as old as Kate. Tom runs as fast as Mike. not+as/so+原级+as This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you. （2）比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级+than”，表示“比” My brother Bob is more hard-working than me. “the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……” The more fruit you eat,the healthier you will be. “比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……” Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner. “the+比较级+of the two…”，表示“两者中比较……的一个” He is the more active of the two boys. “Which/Who+is/谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”, 表示“两者相比较，哪个/谁更……？” Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” =“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”，表示“比任何一个人/物都……”（比较级形式表最高级含义） Li Gang is taller than any other student in his class.=Li Gang is taller than the other students in his class. “A+be/谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A几倍于B” My apples are three times more than yours. 根据语境判断比较级 This pair of shoes is too big for me, so I want to change for a smaller one. 【拓展】比较级前一般可用much, a little, a lot, even, still, far, a bit等词来修饰。如： It is much warmer than yesterday. （3）最高级的用法 “the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”，表示“……是……中最……”（三者或三者以上的） This picture is the best of all in the box. “one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”，表示“……中最……之一” Qipao is one of the most traditional dresses in China. “the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+比较范围”，表示“A是……中第几最……” She is the second tallest girl in our class. “Which/Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C?”,表示“三者比较，哪个/谁最……？” Who is the tallest in your class, Tom, Kate or Bill? 否定词+比较级（+than）或can't/couldn't+比较级（否定词有not, no, never, nothing等） Nobody could do the work better than he did. 根据语境判断最高级 There are four seasons in a year. Autumn is the best one. 【注意】 （1）形容词最高级前要加the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等时，不加the。 （2）副词最高级前的the可省略。 【典例破题】Su Bingtian is as ________ as the wind—he’s a great runner! A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：苏炳添和风一样快——他是一位伟大的跑步运动员！ fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；the fastest最快的。固定搭配as+形容词原级+as表示“和……一样……”，中间需用形容词原级fast。 【巩固提升1】—Why do you volunteer? —Because ________ I do for others, ________ I feel. A．the much; the happy B．the more; the happy C．the much; the happier D．the more; the happier 【巩固提升2】Beijing, the capital of China, is one of ________ cities in the world. A．the most famous B．most famous C．more famous D．famous 【巩固提升3】—China has the second ________ population in the world. —Yes, and it’s also one of the strongest countries. A．biggest B．bigger C．more D．most 一、单项选择 1．This math problem is so ________. I can’t work it out after trying so many times. A．difficult B．different C．easy D．interesting 2．—As far as I know, your English teacher is very humorous. —Yes, she’s the ________ person I know. A．most serious B．prettiest C．funniest D．most hardworking 3．—I stayed up late and my brain isn’t working now. —Get some rest, and then your mind will become ________ and work well. A．pretty B．tiny C．lively D．healthy 4．—Does Tom fall asleep? —No, he is still ________. And he is playing with a model plane. A．brave B．available C．lonely D．awake 5．—It’s a good idea to check your list of things for a journey ________ before starting. —Exactly. It helps save lots of trouble during the trip. A．sadly B．carefully C．suddenly D．luckily 6．My grandma always tells me to eat ________ and do more exercise to keep healthy. A．healthily B．heavily C．quietly D．brightly 7．When we face different choices in life, we need to think ________ before making a final decision. A．sincerely B．wisely C．surprisingly D．importantly 8．— The movie is so interesting. — Yes, I have ________ seen it twice. A．already B．yet C．just D．ever 9．—I think English is as ________ as math. —I agree with you. We should study both hard. A．important B．more important C．the most important D．importance 10．Nanjing isn’t so big ________ Shanghai, but it’s the second ________ in East China. A．like; big B．as; bigger C．like; biggest D．as; biggest 11．If everyone tries his best to work hard, our country will be ________. A．better and better B．clean and clean C．more cleaner and cleaner D．good and better 12．________ you study, ________ grades you will get. A．Hard；good B．The hard；the good C．The harder；the better D．The hardest；the best 13．My mother is a hard-working woman. ________ she is, ________ she feels. A．The busier; happier B．Busier; happier C．Busier; the happier D．The busier; the happier 14．—How tall the boy is! —Yes, he is taller than ________ in his class. A．any other student B．any student C．the other student D．other student 15．Julia is taller than ________ in our lass. A．other student B．any other student C．others students D．any other students 16．—They are twins. I don’t know which one of them is Tina. —Tina is ________ of the two. A．strong B．the taller C．the tallest D．shorter 17．—Tom did a good job. He got the second ________ score in the school. —Yes. He has already worked ________ this term than before. A．higher; more harder B．highest; much hardest C．highest; much harder D．higher; hardest 18．I think the basketball club is one of ________ clubs in my school. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 19．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is the third ________ river in the world. A．longer; long B．longest; long C．longest; longer D．longer; longest 20．—Who is ________ student in your class? —Li Ming. He is taller than ________ student. A．taller; any other B．the tallest; the other C．the tallest; any other D．taller; the other 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Wall of China is a very famous place of interest. It is the 1 (long) man-made wall in the world. It goes up and down from mountain to mountain like a huge dragon. It is one of the great 2 (wonder) in human history. People built it to protect the country. They used stones and bricks to make it strong. It has a long history of over 2,000 years. The 3 (one) part of it was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. The most famous parts of the wall were built in the Ming Dynasty. It became stronger and longer. The wall has tall towers where people can watch for danger. If they 4 (see) something, they would send a signal to others. Soldiers would walk along the wall 5 (protect) it. Today, it is a place for people to visit and learn about China’s history and culture. Many people from all over the world come to see it. They like to climb up the Great Wall. It’s exciting to go up the steps and see the view from high up. When they get 6 the top, they often take pictures to remember the moment 7 (happy). The Great Wall is more than just 8 wall. It’s like a big storybook that opens up and tells us stories about the past. It shows how the Chinese people worked together to build something so 9 (amaze) and strong. It’s a treasure that shows the courage 10 hard work of the Chinese people long ago. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 形容词和副词的比较等级 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 形容词的用法 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用形容词描述：① 作前置定语修饰普通名词，刻画人、事物外形与特质（如 a warm sweater）；② 修饰不定代词时后置，限定事物属性（如 something important）；③ 置于系动词后作表语，体现主语自身状态特征（如 The park is beautiful.）；④ 作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的特点（如 We keep our bedroom clean.）。 形容词用于修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、属性或特征。基本用法如下： 位置 例句 作定语 放在名词前 This is aninterestingbook. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时,通常后置 I have somethingimportantto tell you. 作表语 放在系动词后,系动词主要有be动词、三变化（turn，get，become）、感官动词以及stay, go, seem等 This activity is meaningful. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. You look very happy. Lucy always stays positive. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep, make, leave等动词之后，说明宾语的性质、状态和特征 We should keep our classroomclean. 作状语 相当于状语从句，可位于句首、句末或句中。 He arrived home,hungryandtired. 【拓展】 （1）形容词alive, alone, afraid, awake, asleep, well（健康的）等只能作表语。如：Don't be afraid! （2）有些形容词位于定冠词the之后，泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用复数（如：be用are/were）。这类词有: young/old, rich/poor, healthy/ill, living/dead等。如： The wise are always listening, not speaking. 【典例破题】I drank too much coffee last night, so I stayed ________ until 2:00 a.m. A．alone B．awake C．scared D．tired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚我喝了太多咖啡，所以我保持清醒直到凌晨2点。 alone独自的；awake醒着的；scared害怕的；tired疲倦的。根据“I drank too much coffee last night”可知，喝咖啡通常会导致难以入睡，结合“until 2:00 a.m.”可知是保持清醒状态。 【巩固提升1】—Eating too much junk food is ________ to our health. —I agree. We should eat more vegetables and fruit. A．helpful B．colorful C．harmful D．useful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。——我同意。我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果。 helpful有帮助的；colorful色彩丰富的；harmful有害的；useful有用的。根据常识及答句“We should eat more vegetables and fruit.”可知，吃太多垃圾食品对健康是有害的，固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”，应用harmful。 【巩固提升2】The book is very ________. I am ________ in it. A．interesting; interested B．interested; interesting C．interesting; interesting D．interested; interested 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书非常有趣。我对它很感兴趣。 interesting有趣的（常修饰物）；interested感兴趣的（常修饰人）。第一空主语“The book”是物，用interesting；第二空主语“I”是人，且be interested in...“对……感兴趣”，表明对书感兴趣。用interested。 【巩固提升3】—I think the boy is ________ although that thief ran away. —You are right. We should learn from him. A．happy B．joyful C．brave D．proud 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为那个男孩是勇敢的，尽管那个小偷跑掉了。——你是对的。我们应该向他学习。 happy快乐的；joyful高兴的；brave勇敢的；proud骄傲的。根据“although that thief ran away”和“We should learn from him”可知，面对小偷需要勇气，即使小偷跑了，男孩的行为也是勇敢的，值得学习。应填brave。 知识点二 副词的用法 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用副词描述：① 修饰实义动词，说明动作的方式、时间、地点、频率（如 She sings beautifully.）；② 修饰形容词或其他副词，表达程度深浅（如 The room is quite big. He runs very fast.）；③ 置于句首修饰整句话，表达评价、语气（如 Luckily, we caught the bus.）；④ 掌握频度副词、方式副词在句中的摆放位置（如 My mother always cooks dinner.）。 1.副词的基本用法 功能 位置 例句 作状语 ①多数副词放在动词之后 It's raining heavily now. ②动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后 The girl listens to the teacher carefully. ③频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后 We can often see the girl read here. ④程度副词修饰形容词或副词，一般放在被修饰词前 I'm almost ready. 作表语 主要限于少数状态或位置副词、时间副词以及其他副词 When will you be back？ 作定语 一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 Life here is full of joy. 作补足语 可作主语补足语或宾语补足语，说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等 He is too young to leave him at home alone.（作宾语补足语） 2.常见副词的位置及分类 类型 典型词汇 用法 频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom,hardly ever, never等 置于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词及情态动词之后，表示动作发生的频率 方式副词 quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等 置于不及物动词之后或及物动词之前，表示动作的行为方式 程度副词 heavily, quite, enough, almost, hardly, rather, a lot, a little, so, too, much等 置于被修饰的词前，表示动词、形容词或另一个副词的强度或程度 时间副词 now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago,just, soon, lately,already, ever, yet等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的时间，是确定句子时态的重要标志 地点副词 outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等 一般置于句尾，表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 疑问副词（词组） when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等 置于特殊疑问句或宾语从句的句首，用于构成特殊疑问句 【注意】enough修饰形容词或副词时需后置。如：The boy is old enough to go to school.（修饰形容词） Sara speaks English well enough to communicate with a British.（修饰副词） 3.其他常考副词 anyway无论如何 abroad在国外 alone独自 also并且；也 besides此外 especially尤其；特别 finally最后；最终 however然而；不过 instead代替；反而 once一次；曾经 perhaps可能；大概 probably大概 【拓展】 （1）有些以-ly结尾的单词是形容词，如： friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, ugly等 （2）同形形容词和副词 ①词义相近的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 We had an early breakfast.（早的） We had breakfast early.（早地） We went by a fast train.（快的） Don't speak so fast.（快地） ②词义不同的同形形容词和副词 形容词 副词 I want a straight answer.（坦诚的） He went straight to Beijing.（直接地） I don't feel well today.（健康的） Our plans go well.（顺利地） It is as hard as a stone.（坚硬的） The test is so hard.（困难的） She studies hard.（努力地） He holds the paper hard.（用力地） （3）有些词虽然既可作形容词也可作副词，但加了-ly之后意义相差很大，如： 4.副词词义辨析 分析浙江真题，副词词义辨析主要在完形填空中考查，且主要考查的是-ly副词词义辨析，偶尔涉及频度副词词义辨析 【典例破题】—Would you like to have some coffee, Jack? —________ I don’t like it, but I will try a little this time. A．Probably B．Finally C．Especially D．Actually 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你想喝点咖啡吗？——实际上我不喜欢它，但这次我会尝试一点。 Probably大概；Finally最后；Especially尤其；Actually实际上。根据答语中“I don’t like it”可知，说话人是在陈述真实情况，与通常接受邀请的预期形成对比，应用Actually表示“实际上”。故选D。 【巩固提升1】We should speak to the elderly ________ and offer them help when they are in need. A．loudly B．rudely C．politely D．quickly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该礼貌地与老人交谈，并在他们需要时提供帮助。 loudly大声地；rudely粗鲁地；politely 礼貌地；quickly快速地。根据“We should speak to the elderly... and offer them help when they are in need.”可知，对待老人应尊重并在需要时提供帮助，推测出说话方式应该是礼貌的。 【巩固提升2】The writer is popular among young people, ________ for his humorous style. A．especially B．completely C．simply D．closely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位作家很受年轻人欢迎，尤其是因为他幽默的风格。 especially尤其；completely完全地；simply仅仅；closely紧密地。根据语境，句子强调作家受欢迎的原因中，幽默风格是特别突出的一点，especially用于强调某一情况的突出方面，符合语境；其他选项completely、simply、closely均无法表达这种强调关系。应填especially。 【巩固提升3】Wearing sunglasses can stop the sun from shining ________ into our eyes in summer. A．exactly B．actually C．directly D．differently 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在夏天，戴太阳镜可以防止太阳光直射入我们的眼睛。 exactly确切地；actually实际上；directly直接地；differently不同地。根据常识可知，太阳镜的主要作用是阻挡阳光直接照射眼睛，尤其是在夏季阳光强烈时。 知识点三 形容词和副词比较等级 【课标要求】能在口头和书面表达中正确使用形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级描述：① 运用 as…as、not as/so…as 原级句型表达人或事物程度相同 / 不及对方（如 He runs as fast as his brother.）；② 使用比较级搭配 than，对两个人、两类事物的特征或动作进行对比（如 This story is more interesting than that one.）；③ 运用带 the 的最高级，结合 in/of 限定范围，表示群体中程度最优（如 This is the cheapest shop of all.）；④ 用 much、even、far 等词修饰比较级，加深对比程度（如 Lily sings much better than Lucy.）；⑤ 区分形容词三级、副词三级的句法用法，掌握不规则变化形式（如 good/well-better-best）。 1.形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则 （1）规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 直接加-er, -est young younger youngest 以不发音e结尾的加-r, -st large larger largest 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 以“辅音字母加y”结尾，先变y为i,再加-er, -est happy easy healthy happier easier shier happiest easiest healthiest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more, most careful clever more careful more clever the most careful the most clever （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法 （1）原级的用法 用法 例句 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级 The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 被程度副词very， so， too， enough， quite等修饰时用原级 She's very nice when you get to know her. as+原级+as Jack is as old as Kate. Tom runs as fast as Mike. not+as/so+原级+as This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn't walk as/so slowly as you. （2）比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级+than”，表示“比” My brother Bob is more hard-working than me. “the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……” The more fruit you eat,the healthier you will be. “比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……” Our city is becoming cleaner and cleaner. “the+比较级+of the two…”，表示“两者中比较……的一个” He is the more active of the two boys. “Which/Who+is/谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”, 表示“两者相比较，哪个/谁更……？” Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” =“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”，表示“比任何一个人/物都……”（比较级形式表最高级含义） Li Gang is taller than any other student in his class.=Li Gang is taller than the other students in his class. “A+be/谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A几倍于B” My apples are three times more than yours. 根据语境判断比较级 This pair of shoes is too big for me, so I want to change for a smaller one. 【拓展】比较级前一般可用much, a little, a lot, even, still, far, a bit等词来修饰。如： It is much warmer than yesterday. （3）最高级的用法 “the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”，表示“……是……中最……”（三者或三者以上的） This picture is the best of all in the box. “one of the+最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”，表示“……中最……之一” Qipao is one of the most traditional dresses in China. “the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+比较范围”，表示“A是……中第几最……” She is the second tallest girl in our class. “Which/Who+be+the+最高级，A, B or C?”,表示“三者比较，哪个/谁最……？” Who is the tallest in your class, Tom, Kate or Bill? 否定词+比较级（+than）或can't/couldn't+比较级（否定词有not, no, never, nothing等） Nobody could do the work better than he did. 根据语境判断最高级 There are four seasons in a year. Autumn is the best one. 【注意】 （1）形容词最高级前要加the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等时，不加the。 （2）副词最高级前的the可省略。 【典例破题】Su Bingtian is as ________ as the wind—he’s a great runner! A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：苏炳添和风一样快——他是一位伟大的跑步运动员！ fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；the fastest最快的。固定搭配as+形容词原级+as表示“和……一样……”，中间需用形容词原级fast。 【巩固提升1】—Why do you volunteer? —Because ________ I do for others, ________ I feel. A．the much; the happy B．the more; the happy C．the much; the happier D．the more; the happier 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么做志愿者？——因为我为他人做得越多，我就感到越快乐。 根据句式结构可知，此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。第一空应填much的比较级more；第二空应填happy的比较级happier。选项A、B、C中均包含原级形式，不符合该固定句式的语法要求。 【巩固提升2】Beijing, the capital of China, is one of ________ cities in the world. A．the most famous B．most famous C．more famous D．famous 【答案】A 【详解】句意：北京，中国的首都，是世界上最著名的城市之一。 the most famous最著名的(最高级)；most famous语法错误；more famous更著名的(比较级)；famous著名的。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”。在该句中“cities”是名词复数，“famous”是形容词，要表达“世界上最著名的城市之一”，“famous”需用最高级形式“the most famous”。 【巩固提升3】—China has the second ________ population in the world. —Yes, and it’s also one of the strongest countries. A．biggest B．bigger C．more D．most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国是世界第二大人口大国。——是的，它也是世界上最强大的国家之一。 考查形容词最高级。biggest最大的；bigger更大的；more更多的；most最多的。表示人口多用big；由“in the world”可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。故选A 一、单项选择 1．This math problem is so ________. I can’t work it out after trying so many times. A．difficult B．different C．easy D．interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这道数学题太难了。我试了很多次都解不出来。 difficult困难的；different不同的；easy容易的；interesting有趣的。根据“I can’t work it out after trying so many times.”可知，试了很多次都解不出，说明题目很难。应填difficult。 2．—As far as I know, your English teacher is very humorous. —Yes, she’s the ________ person I know. A．most serious B．prettiest C．funniest D．most hardworking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据我所知，你的英语老师非常幽默。——是的，她是我认识的最有趣的人。 most serious最严肃的；prettiest最漂亮的；funniest最有趣的；most hardworking最努力的。根据上文“your English teacher is very humorous”及答语“Yes”可知，此处应表示老师很幽默，funny与humorous意思相近。 3．—I stayed up late and my brain isn’t working now. —Get some rest, and then your mind will become ________ and work well. A．pretty B．tiny C．lively D．healthy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 我熬夜了，现在大脑转不动了。—— 休息一下，然后你的大脑会变得活跃的并且运转良好。 pretty漂亮的；tiny微小的；lively充满活力的；healthy健康的。根据“I stayed up late and my brain isn’t working now.”可知说话人因熬夜导致大脑状态不佳，建议休息后大脑应恢复活力，lively符合语境。应填lively。 4．—Does Tom fall asleep? —No, he is still ________. And he is playing with a model plane. A．brave B．available C．lonely D．awake 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆睡着了吗？——没有，他还醒着。而且他正在玩模型飞机。 brave勇敢的；available可获得的；lonely孤独的；awake醒着的。根据“No”和“playing with a model plane”可知，他没有睡着，是醒着的，应填awake。 5．—It’s a good idea to check your list of things for a journey ________ before starting. —Exactly. It helps save lots of trouble during the trip. A．sadly B．carefully C．suddenly D．luckily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在出发前仔细检查你的旅行物品清单是个好主意。——没错，这有助于避免旅途中的很多麻烦。 sadly悲伤地；carefully仔细地，认真地；suddenly突然地；luckily幸运地。句中check（检查）是动词，需要用副词修饰。根据答语“这有助于避免旅途中的很多麻烦”可知，只有“仔细地”检查清单才能达到这个效果，carefully符合语境。 6．My grandma always tells me to eat ________ and do more exercise to keep healthy. A．healthily B．heavily C．quietly D．brightly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我奶奶总是告诉我要健康地吃，多做运动来保持身体健康。 healthily健康地；heavily沉重地；quietly安静地；brightly明亮地。根据"to keep healthy"可知，为了保持健康，应该吃得健康。 7．When we face different choices in life, we need to think ________ before making a final decision. A．sincerely B．wisely C．surprisingly D．importantly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们在生活中面临不同的选择时，我们在做最终决定之前需要明智地思考。 sincerely真诚地；wisely明智地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；importantly重要地。根据“When we face different choices in life…before making a final decision.”可知，面对选择做决定时，应该“明智地”思考，符合语境。因此应填入wisely。 8．— The movie is so interesting. — Yes, I have ________ seen it twice. A．already B．yet C．just D．ever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这部电影真有趣。——是的，我已经看过它两次了。 already已经；yet还；已经；just刚刚；ever曾经。根据“Yes”及句子结构可知该句为肯定句。yet常用于否定句或疑问句末尾；ever常用于疑问句；just强调动作刚刚发生；already常用于肯定句，强调动作已经完成。此处表示已经看过两次，符合语境。故填already。 9．—I think English is as ________ as math. —I agree with you. We should study both hard. A．important B．more important C．the most important D．importance 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为英语和数学一样重要。——我同意你的看法。两门都应该努力学习。 important重要的（形容词原级）；more important更重要的（形容词比较级）；the most important最重要的（形容词最高级）；importance重要性（名词）。根据题干“as ________ as math”可知，as...as是同级比较结构，中间应用形容词原级，表示“和……一样……”，应填important。 10．Nanjing isn’t so big ________ Shanghai, but it’s the second ________ in East China. A．like; big B．as; bigger C．like; biggest D．as; biggest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：南京不像上海那么大，但是它是中国东部第二大城市。 考查形容词句型。like像，介词；as像……一样。big大的；bigger较大的；biggest最大的。第一空考查短语not so…as不如……；第二空考查“序数词+最高级+名词”结构，表示“第几最……”。故选D。 11．If everyone tries his best to work hard, our country will be ________. A．better and better B．clean and clean C．more cleaner and cleaner D．good and better 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果每个人都尽力努力工作，我们的国家将会越来越好。 考查比较级结构。better and better越来越好；clean and clean干净又干净；more cleaner and cleaner结构错误；good and better，不符合语法规则。根据“If everyone tries his best to work hard, our country will be”可知，国家会随着人们的努力而“越来越好”，应用“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示“越来越……”。故选A。 12．________ you study, ________ grades you will get. A．Hard；good B．The hard；the good C．The harder；the better D．The hardest；the best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。    “the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，意为“越……，越……”。hard“努力地”的比较级是harder，good“好的”的比较级是better。应填The harder；the better。 13．My mother is a hard-working woman. ________ she is, ________ she feels. A．The busier; happier B．Busier; happier C．Busier; the happier D．The busier; the happier 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的妈妈是一个勤劳的女性。她越忙，就越感到开心。 考查比较级的特殊用法。busier更忙的；happier更快乐。根据句意和“...she is, ...she feels.”可知，句子表达的是“越忙，越开心”，符合“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……，就越……”。所以第一空用“The busier”，第二空用“the happier”。故选D。 14．—How tall the boy is! —Yes, he is taller than ________ in his class. A．any other student B．any student C．the other student D．other student 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个男孩真高啊！——是的，他比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。 考查不定代词辨析及比较级用法。any other student其他任何学生，单数名词，不包括本人在内；any student任何学生，单数名词，包括本人在内；the other student另一个学生，通常用于“两者中的另一个”；other student其他学生，名词应用复数形式。根据“he is taller than”及“in his class”可知，此处是在同一范围内作比较，应用any other+名词单数，表示除主语外的所有人。故选A。 15．Julia is taller than ________ in our lass. A．other student B．any other student C．others students D．any other students 【答案】B 【详解】句意：朱莉娅比我们班上其他任何一个学生都高。 考查代词的用法。“any other+可数名词单数”表示“同一范围内其他任何一个……”，根据“in our class”可知，此处表示比其他任何一个学生都高，用any other student。故选B。 16．—They are twins. I don’t know which one of them is Tina. —Tina is ________ of the two. A．strong B．the taller C．the tallest D．shorter 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——她们是双胞胎。我不知道哪个是Tina。——Tina是两个中较高的那个。 考查比较级。根据“of the two”可知，两者中的比较要用比较级，此处特指两者中的某一个，比较级前要加the，故选B。 17．—Tom did a good job. He got the second ________ score in the school. —Yes. He has already worked ________ this term than before. A．higher; more harder B．highest; much hardest C．highest; much harder D．higher; hardest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆做得很好。他在学校得了第二高的分数。——是的。这学期他已经比以前努力多了。 根据“He got the second…score in the school.”可知，此处结构为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”，表示“第二最……”，应用highest；根据“worked…than before”可知，此处应用副词比较级，hard的比较级为 harder，much可修饰比较级，应用much harder。 18．I think the basketball club is one of ________ clubs in my school. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为篮球俱乐部是我的学校里最受欢迎的俱乐部之一。 根据题干“one of ... clubs in my school”可知，one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数表示“最……之一”，应填the most popular。 19．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is the third ________ river in the world. A．longer; long B．longest; long C．longest; longer D．longer; longest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——长江和黄河哪条河更长？——长江。它是世界上第三长的河流。 考查形容词的比较级和最高级。根据“the Yangtze River or the Yellow River?”可知，第一空是比较两条河，填比较级longer；根据“It is the third…river in the world.”可知，此处应该填最高级longest。故选D。 20．—Who is ________ student in your class? —Li Ming. He is taller than ________ student. A．taller; any other B．the tallest; the other C．the tallest; any other D．taller; the other 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁是你们班最高的学生？——李明。他比其他任何学生都高。 考查形容词最高级和比较级用法。taller更高，比较级；the tallest最高的，最高级；any other其他任何一个，后常接单数名词，通常强调“同一范围内，除了某个之外的其他任何一个”；the other另一个，通常用于两者中的另一个或特定范围内的其余全部。第一空，根据“in your class”可知，是在班级范围内比较，应用最高级“the tallest”；第二空，表示“比其他任何学生都高”用“any other student”。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Wall of China is a very famous place of interest. It is the 1 (long) man-made wall in the world. It goes up and down from mountain to mountain like a huge dragon. It is one of the great 2 (wonder) in human history. People built it to protect the country. They used stones and bricks to make it strong. It has a long history of over 2,000 years. The 3 (one) part of it was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. The most famous parts of the wall were built in the Ming Dynasty. It became stronger and longer. The wall has tall towers where people can watch for danger. If they 4 (see) something, they would send a signal to others. Soldiers would walk along the wall 5 (protect) it. Today, it is a place for people to visit and learn about China’s history and culture. Many people from all over the world come to see it. They like to climb up the Great Wall. It’s exciting to go up the steps and see the view from high up. When they get 6 the top, they often take pictures to remember the moment 7 (happy). The Great Wall is more than just 8 wall. It’s like a big storybook that opens up and tells us stories about the past. It shows how the Chinese people worked together to build something so 9 (amaze) and strong. It’s a treasure that shows the courage 10 hard work of the Chinese people long ago. 【答案】 1．longest 2．wonders 3．first 4．saw 5．to protect 6．to 7．happily 8．a 9．amazing 10．and 【解析】本文介绍了中国长城的地位、历史、功能与文化意义。 1．句意：它是世界上最长的人造城墙。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，long的最高级为longest。 2．句意：它是人类历史上最伟大的奇迹之一。固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，wonder的复数形式为wonders。 3．句意：它的第一部分建于春秋时期。此处表示“第一部分”，需用序数词，one的序数词形式为first。 4．句意：如果他们看到什么，就会向其他人发出信号。句子描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，see的过去式为saw。 5．句意：士兵们会沿着城墙行走以保护它。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示士兵巡逻的目的是保护城墙，故填to protect。 6．句意：当他们到达山顶时，他们经常拍照来快乐地纪念这一刻。固定搭配get to表示“到达”。 7．句意：当他们到达山顶时，他们经常拍照来快乐地纪念这一刻。此处需用副词修饰动词take pictures，happy的副词形式为happily。 8．句意：长城不仅仅是一堵墙。此处表示“一堵墙”，wall以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 9．句意：它展示了中国人民如何共同努力建造出如此令人惊叹和坚固的东西。此处需用形容词修饰不定代词something，amaze的形容词形式amazing表示“令人惊叹的”。 10．句意：它是一件展示了很久以前中国人民的勇气和辛勤工作的宝藏。courage和hard work为并列的名词，用连词and连接。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $