Unit 2 Inspiring People（02阅读写作） 人教版 2026-2027学年上学期九年级英语单元巩固提升

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦“Unit 2 Inspiring People”主题，系统整合阅读与写作两大核心模块，搭建从基础词句储备到深度能力提升的递进式学习支架，涵盖写作必备的文体分析、框架模板、高分句式、核心词汇及范文拓展，以及阅读必备的拓展词汇、句式和能力提升的阅读理解与书面表达训练。 清单以分类分级方式构建知识体系，如写作部分按“文体定位-框架结构-高分句式-核心词汇”分层呈现，通过表格明确段落功能与内容，用“开篇引入-困境描写-行动刻画-感悟升华”分类高分句式，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。阅读部分拓展词汇按人物身份、励志品质等分类，附加题设计科学家信息归纳表格，助力知识关联与应用。范文示例结合简析，书面表达题覆盖多种文体，既方便学生自主学习，也为教师提供精准教学支持，提升课堂实效。

2026-2027学年上学期九年级英语单元巩固提升(人教版2024) Unit 2 Inspiring People阅读写作 目录 第一部分 写作必备锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 阅读必备词句储备 变式巩固 第三部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 写作必备 类｜型｜结｜构 一、文体分析 1. 文体定位 该写作属社交网络博文，是中考九年级高频应用文，面向同龄读者，语言真诚自然，介于口语与书面语之间，不需要正式书信格式，带有分享、抒情属性。 2. 核心要求 内容：人物基本信息 + 具体励志事迹 + 个人成长感悟 语言：多用细节描写，避免空洞赞美；使用复合句提升档次 二、写作框架 1.框架结构 段落 功能 内容 Para 1 开篇引入 点题，介绍人物 打招呼+引出我心中最励志的人+简单身份/整体品质，总起全文 Para 2 主体叙事 讲述励志事迹（核心段） 交代人物遇到的困难 + 他/她的坚持/善良行动 + 当时我的感受（细节描写） Para 3 结尾升华 感悟+互动 这个人带给我的改变与启发 + 号召/提问互动（朋友圈专属结尾）+话题标签 2.写作模版 Today I want to share my inspiring person, ________. He/She is a ________ (身份). Years ago, he/she faced ________ (困难). Instead of giving up, he/she ________ (行动). He/She spent lots of time ________ (事迹). I admire him/her for his/her ________ and ________ (品质). When I ________ (自身困境), his/her story always encourages me to keep going. I will learn from him/her and ________ (未来行动). 三、高分句式 （一）开篇引入人物 1. Among all people I have met, the most inspiring one is… 在我认识的所有人中，最鼓舞我的人是…… 2. I’d like to share a person who greatly encourages me in my daily life. 我想分享一位在生活中深深激励我的人。 3. Today I want to talk about someone that sets a good example to me. 今天我想聊聊一位为我树立好榜样的人。 （二）描写人物困境 1. He/She once faced a lot of trouble, but never gave up easily. 他/她曾遭遇许多困境，却从不轻易放弃。 2. Life was full of challenges for him/her, yet he kept moving forward. 生活对他/她充满挑战，但他始终向前。 3. It was hard for him to overcome the difficulty at first. 起初对他而言，克服困难十分艰难。 （三）刻画人物励志行动 1. Instead of feeling upset, he spent all his spare time making progress step by step. 他没有消沉，而是利用所有空余时间一步步提升自己。 2. Whenever others were in trouble, she was always ready to give a hand without thinking twice. 每当他人陷入困境，她总会毫不犹豫伸出援手。 3. He stuck to his dream and tried his best to break through all difficulties. 他坚守梦想，拼尽全力冲破所有难关。 （四）抒发感悟升华 1. From him, I learn that nothing is impossible as long as we hold on to our goals. 从他身上我学到：只要坚守目标，一切皆有可能。 2. His spirit teaches me to be brave and positive when meeting difficulties. 他的精神教会我遭遇困境时要勇敢乐观。 3. This person lights up my way and pushes me to become a better version of myself. 这个人照亮我的前路，督促我成为更好的自己。 （五）互动结尾句式 1. Who is the inspiring person in your heart? Welcome to share your story below! 你心中励志的人是谁？欢迎在下方分享你的故事！ 2. Hope we can all learn from those warm and strong people around us. 希望我们都能向身边温暖又坚韧的人学习。 （六）过渡连接词（串联文章逻辑） To start with; However; What’s more; As a result; In a word; From then on 四、话题核心词汇 1. 人物身份：teacher, volunteer, athlete, parent, classmate, doctor 2. 励志品质：persistent 坚持不懈的；brave 勇敢的；warm-hearted 热心的；positive 乐观的；hard-working 勤奋的 3. 困难挫折：difficulty, trouble, failure, challenge, pressure 4. 行动动词：insist on 坚持；overcome 克服；struggle for 为……奋斗；cheer up 振作；offer help 提供帮助 5. 感悟词汇：inspire v. 鼓舞；encourage v. 激励；set an example 树立榜样；make a difference 带来改变 五、范文示例 【参考范文】 The Teacher Who Inspires Me Hi everyone! Among all my teachers, Ms. Li is the most inspiring person to me. She is our English teacher, gentle but full of strength. Last term, I failed my English exam and nearly lost confidence. I hid myself and refused to talk to others. Ms. Li noticed my sadness. She spent her free time helping me review knowledge every afternoon. No matter how busy she was, she never missed our small lessons. She told me that mistakes are chances to improve instead of failures. Now my English has improved a lot. I realize persistence matters most. Ms. Li teaches me to face weaknesses bravely. Who is your inspiring person? Feel free to leave your comments! 译文： 鼓舞我的那位老师 大家好！ 在我所有老师里，李老师是最激励我的人。她是我们的英语老师，温柔却充满力量。 上学期，我的英语考试失利，几乎失去信心。我把自己封闭起来，不愿和任何人交流。李老师察觉到了我的低落。她每天抽出空闲的下午帮我补习知识点。无论多忙碌，她从未缺席我们的小辅导。她告诉我，错误是进步的机会，而非彻底的失败。 如今我的英语提升了许多。我明白了坚持最重要。李老师教会我勇敢面对自身不足。 谁是你心中励志的人？欢迎留言分享！ 【范文简析】 1. 第一段（引入）：开门见山点明人物Ms. Li，简单介绍身份，总起全文 2. 第二段（核心叙事）：写出具体挫折（英语失利）+老师的暖心行动+老师的鼓励话语，细节饱满，不空洞 3. 第三段（升华互动）：写自身改变+收获的人生道理+朋友圈互动提问，贴合post文体特色 写｜作｜拓｜展 一、拓展词汇 ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. admire 敬佩 2. inspire 激励 3. encourage 鼓舞 4. respect 尊敬 5. praise 赞扬 6. achieve 实现 7. overcome 克服 8. sacrifice 牺牲 9. persist 坚持 10. explore 探索 11. creative 有创造力的 12. brave 勇敢的 13. wise 睿智的 14. hard-working 勤奋的 15. selfless 无私的 16. modest 谦逊的 17. outstanding 杰出的 18. remarkable 卓越的 19. extraordinary 非凡的 20. admirable 令人敬佩的 21. inspiring 鼓舞人心的 22. persistent 坚持不懈的 23. fearless 无畏的 24. warm-hearted 热心的 25. determined 意志坚定的 26. lifelong 毕生的 27. valuable 宝贵的 28. significant 意义重大的 29. precious 珍贵的 30. brilliant 才华出众的 31. hardship 苦难 32. mission 使命 33. spirit 精神 34. dream 理想 35. effort 努力 36. determination 决心 37. devotion 奉献 38. struggle 奋斗 39. progress 进步 40. glory 荣光 41. reputation 声誉 42. legacy 精神遗产 43. model 榜样 44. role-model 楷模 45. pioneer 先行者 46. hero 英雄 47. idol 偶像 48. guide 指引 49. motivation 动力 50. inspiration 精神源泉 二、拓展句式 1. look up to sb as my greatest role model 将某人视作我最伟大的榜样 2. be deeply inspired by one’s life story 被某人的人生故事深深打动 3. devote all one’s time and energy to public causes 将全部时间精力投入公共事业 4. never give up in the face of countless difficulties 面对无数困境永不放弃 5. set a great example for teenagers all over the world 为全球青少年树立优秀榜样 6. It is wise of sb. to stick to one’s original dream 某人坚守初心十分睿智 7. It was brave of sb. to step into unknown dangerous areas 某人勇闯未知危险之地 8. It is amazing that sb. made such great achievements at a young age 某人年少便取得斐然成就令人惊叹 9. It is important for us to learn noble spirits from inspiring people 我们理应学习伟人高尚精神 10. One’s perseverance teaches me to keep moving forward 某人的毅力教会我勇往直前 11. Sb.’s selfless devotion moves me deeply 某人无私奉献深深打动我 12. draw endless strength from sb’s life experience 从某人人生经历中汲取无穷力量 13. carry forward the valuable spirit left by great people 传承伟人留下的宝贵精神 14. follow in sb’s footsteps to realize my own dream 追随某人脚步实现自我理想 15. overcome all kinds of hardships to finish the mission 克服重重磨难完成使命 16. spare no effort to make contributions to society 竭尽全力为社会做贡献 17. put public interests above personal gains 将集体利益置于个人得失之上 18. hold firm belief and never lose hope no matter what happens 坚守信念无论遭遇何事绝不绝望 19. devote oneself to the field that benefits all mankind 投身造福全人类的领域 20. break through limits and create unprecedented achievements 突破局限创造前所未有的成就 21. spread positive spirits to people around the whole world 向全世界传递正能量 22. spend decades doing research without any complaint 数十年潜心研究毫无怨言 23. train a large number of young talents for the country 为国家培养大批青年人才 24. leave precious spiritual wealth for later generations 为后人留下珍贵精神财富 25. face challenges calmly and find solutions actively 从容面对挑战主动寻找办法 26. turn impossible tasks into reality through continuous efforts 凭借不懈努力将不可能变为现实 27. show great care and kindness to ordinary people 对普通民众满怀关怀与善意 28. keep curiosity alive and explore the mysteries of nature 永葆好奇心探索自然奥秘 29. sacrifice personal family time for long-term public work 牺牲个人家庭时光投身长期公共工作 30. make groundbreaking discoveries that change the world 做出改变世界的开创性发现 31. combine eastern culture with western ideas perfectly 完美融合东方文化与西方理念 32. break the unfair limits set for women in old times 打破旧时针对女性的不公束缚 33. travel thousands of miles to complete important tasks 跋涉千里完成重要任务 34. improve people’s living conditions with professional knowledge 用专业知识改善民众生活 35. plant seeds of hope in the hearts of young people 在年轻人心中种下希望的种子 36. remind us to hold on to our dreams in difficult times 提醒我们困境中坚守理想 37. gain wide respect from people of all ages 收获各年龄段民众广泛尊敬 38. use one’s knowledge to solve practical social problems 运用知识解决现实社会难题 39. refuse to give in to hard conditions and outside pressure 不屈服于艰苦环境与外界压力 40. create balanced and harmonious works admired worldwide 创作举世称赞的平衡和谐作品 41. teach people to love peace and treat everyone equally 教导人们热爱和平、平等待人 42. protect natural resources for the sustainable development 为可持续发展保护自然资源 43. record true history to pass down valuable lessons 记录真实历史传承宝贵经验 44. build convenient facilities that push national development 修建助力国家发展的便民设施 45. cure more patients and stop the spread of diseases 救治更多病患阻断疾病传播 46. realize the dream that no one believed could come true 实现无人看好的梦想 47. support and encourage young people to chase their goals 支持鼓励年轻人追逐目标 48. understand the importance of teamwork in big projects 明白大型项目中团队协作的重要性 49. leave a lasting influence on the development of science 对科学发展留下深远影响 50. become the light that guides young people forward 成为指引青年前行的光 三、拓展范文 范文1： Everyone has someone to look up to, and my inspiring person is Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He devoted his whole life to rice research. At that time, many people suffered from hunger. He worked outdoors in hot fields year after year, ignoring tiredness and difficulties. Finally, his hybrid rice helped feed billions of people around the world. What moves me most is his perseverance and selflessness. Even in his old age, he still kept walking in rice fields. Whenever I meet hard problems in study, I will think of him and cheer myself up. I decide to study science harder and do something useful for society in the future. 范文2： I want to write a post about my classmate Li Hua, who truly inspires me. Li Hua was born with a leg problem, so walking is hard for him. However, he never asks for special care. He arrives at school earliest every morning and takes part in all sports activities. Last term, he kept practicing running for the sports meeting and finished the race at last. He always smiles and encourages classmates who fall behind. His optimism teaches me not to complain about small troubles. From now on, I will stop giving up easily and face challenges bravely just like him. 范文3： If you ask me who inspires me most, the answer is Zhang Guimei. She built a free high school for girls in mountain areas. She was weak and suffered from many illnesses, but she never stopped helping poor girls receive education. She spent all her money on students instead of herself. She holds the belief that every girl deserves a chance to study. Her devotion makes me realize the power of kindness and persistence. I will cherish my study chance and learn to help people around me. ◇Part 02 阅读必备 一、必备拓展词汇 1. biologist 生物学家 2. botanist 植物学家 3. explorer 探险家 4. pioneer 先驱 5. researcher 研究员 6. historian 历史学家 7. physicist 物理学家 8. chemist 化学家 9. architect 建筑师 10. astronaut 宇航员 11. engineer 工程师 12. nurse 护士 13. mathematician 数学家 14. philosopher 思想家 15. scientist 科学家 16. professor 教授 17. scholar 学者 18. inventor 发明家 19. pilot 飞行员 20. volunteer 志愿者 21. curiosity 好奇心 22. courage 勇气 23. wisdom 智慧 24. dedication 奉献 25. perseverance 毅力 26. creativity 创造力 27. ambition 志向 28. modesty 谦逊 29. loyalty 忠诚 30. kindness 善良 31. achievement 成就 32. discovery 发现 33. invention 发明 34. exploration 探索 35. contribution 贡献 36. legacy 遗产，毕生成果 37. expedition 远征考察 38. agriculture 农业 39. astronomy 天文学 40. engineering 工程学 41. medicine 医学 42. architecture 建筑学 43. calendar 历法 44. seedbank 种子库 45. wilderness 荒野 46. poverty 贫困 47. starvation 饥饿 48. civilization 文明 49. dynasty 朝代 50. expedition 远行考察 二、必备拓展句式 1. devote one’s whole life to research 毕生投身研究 2. collect plant samples across remote areas 在偏远地区采集植物样本 3. overcome harsh climate and high altitudes 克服恶劣气候与高海拔 4. train young local researchers 培养本土青年科研人员 5. preserve rare plant species 保护珍稀植物物种 6. reduce global hunger 缓解全球饥饿问题 7. conduct experiments without formal schooling 未接受正规教育仍开展实验 8. record historical events in written works 以著作记录历史事件 9. break gender barriers in scientific fields 打破科学界性别壁垒 10. win multiple international science awards 斩获多项国际科学奖项 11. design buildings combining eastern and western styles 设计融合东西方风格建筑 12. complete space live teaching from orbit 完成太空在轨直播授课 13. build railway lines across mountains 修建穿山铁路干线 14. improve medical sanitation standards 提升医疗卫生标准 15. lay foundation for computer technology 奠定计算机技术基础 16. spread ideas of peace and universal love 传播和平兼爱思想 17. travel along ancient trade routes 沿古商路远行 18. fight against endemic infectious diseases 对抗地方性传染病 19. pursue scientific dreams despite hardships 历经磨难追逐科学理想 20. pass down academic spirit to students 将治学精神传承给学生 21. devote spare time to public welfare 空余时间投身公益 22. explore unknown regions for resource collection 踏足未知区域收集资源 23. overcome life-threatening difficulties 克服危及生命的困境 24. publish academic papers on unique species 发表独有物种学术论文 25. establish long-term research programs 设立长期科研项目 26. sacrifice personal comfort for public interests 舍弃个人安逸服务大众 27. break previous records in aviation 打破航空领域过往纪录 28. promote cultural communication between nations 促进各国文化交流 29. correct misunderstandings of natural laws 纠正对自然规律的误解 30. record accurate astronomical observations 记录精准天文观测数据 31. create new theories to explain natural phenomena 创立新理论解释自然现象 32. relieve people’s suffering during wars 减轻战争中民众苦难 33. invent practical tools for daily production 发明实用生产工具 34. carry out long-distance diplomatic missions 执行长途外交使命 35. develop new crop varieties with high yields 培育高产新型作物 36. share research findings with global scholars 与全球学者共享研究成果 37. encourage teenagers to engage in scientific exploration 鼓励青少年参与科学探索 38. face dangerous environments without fear 无畏面对危险环境 39. maintain firm faith in personal missions 坚守自身使命信念 40. bridge gaps between different civilizations 搭建不同文明沟通桥梁 41. fight poverty in remote rural villages 在偏远乡村脱贫攻坚 42. conduct field research in extreme weather 极端天气下开展实地调研 43. compile complete historical records 编撰完整史学典籍 44. improve medical care for wounded soldiers 改善伤员医疗护理条件 45. study radioactive elements for medical use 研究放射性元素医用价值 46. design landmark buildings for world museums 为世界博物馆设计地标建筑 47. finish transoceanic flights alone 独自完成跨洋飞行 48. advocate equal kindness to all people 倡导人人平等仁爱 49. protect biodiversity for future generations 为后代保护生物多样性 50. inherit and carry forward noble spiritual qualities 传承发扬高尚精神品质 ◇Part 03 能力提升 一、阅读理解 1 Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong. He was a great scientist and the “Father of China’s Sky Eye”. His work helps us learn more about the stars and the universe. Nan was born in 1945. From a young age, he showed great interest in the sky and stars. He studied hard and later became a famous astronomer (天文学家). In 1993, he had a big dream—to build the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜) in China. At that time, many people thought it was too difficult, but Nan never gave up. For the next 22 years, Nan put all his heart into this project. He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place. He worked with his team day and night, even when he was ill. Finally, in 2016, the “Sky Eye” was finished. It is 500 meters wide and can “hear” sounds from far away in space. Standing beside the huge telescope, Nan often said that science needs patience and courage. The big dish looks like a huge ear, listening to messages from space. Because of him, China now has the most powerful eye to watch the universe. He gave his whole life to science and the country. His story tells us that big dreams are not easy to achieve and need great effort. Today, people around the world respect his great work. His spirit will continue to encourage young students to reach for the stars. We should all learn from his dedication (奉献) to science and his love for our country. China is proud of having such a great scientist. 1．What does the writer suggest by mentioning Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou in Paragraph 1? A．To show they are more famous than Nan Rendong. B．To explain why Nan Rendong chose to study stars. C．To introduce a less-known great scientist to readers. D．To compare their achievements with Nan’s project. 2．Why did Nan Rendong walk over many mountains in Guizhou? A．To look for a suitable place for the telescope. B．To study the local plants and wildlife there. C．To find a quiet place to watch the stars. D．To get away from the busy city life. 3．Which of the following best describes Nan Rendong’s spirit according to the passage? A．Rich and successful. B．Warm-hearted and friendly. C．Careful and humorous. D．Strong-minded and hard-working. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To describe what the “Sky Eye” looks like. B．To encourage readers to learn from Nan’s spirit. C．To explain how the telescope was built step by step. D．To show the difficulties Nan faced during the project. 2 Yuan Longping (1930—2021) is known as a great scientist who was the first person to develop hybrid rice (杂交水稻). His research greatly solved the problem of the food shortage (短缺) in the world. Yuan Longping started the research in 1964. He put forward the idea of hybrid rice, did experiments on the farm, and succeeded in 1973. The new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974, and then he continued to test it in other areas. China has become the first country that can produce hybrid rice and Yuan is called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Besides being a respected scientist, he was also a romantic husband and a caring grandfather. Yuan’s granddaughters remembered that when he traveled to Hong Kong, he wanted to buy his wife a new watch, but it was too expensive, so he bought a candy instead. When he was 90 years old, his family held a birthday party. Hundreds of people came to the party. There was a moving moment: Yuan cut the first piece of cake and immediately gave it to his wife. They also said that their grandfather paid much attention to their English and maths studies. No matter how tired he was after work, he would still ask about their studies. Yuan Longping loved playing the violin, swimming and driving. What’s more, he had a special habit—playing mahjong (麻将) with friends for an hour every evening to train his brain. Just like common people, the scientist laughed when he won and didn’t hide his disappointment (失望) when he lost. This is Yuan Longping: an ordinary person who made great achievements (成就). 5．Yuan Longping developed hybrid rice in order to ________. A．build a research center B．test his ideas in all areas C．make himself famous in China D．solve the problem of the food shortage 6．Yuan Longping brought ________ for his wife in Hong Kong at last. A．a cake B．a candy C．a watch D．a violin 7．What does the underlined word “ordinary” mean in Paragraph 6? A．Careful. B．Helpful. C．Common. D．Honest. 8．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．Yuan Longping tested the new technology in other areas in 1964 B．Yuan Longping was good at hiding his feelings when he played mahjong C．on Yuan Longping’s 90th birthday, he cut the first piece of cake for himself D．Yuan Longping paid much attention to his granddaughters’ English and maths studies 9．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A great but ordinary scientist—Yuan Longping. B．The close relationship of Yuan Longping’s family. C．Yuan Longping’s different hobbies in his free time. D．The scientific process (科学流程) to produce hybrid rice. 3 Many people believe that light bulbs were invented by Thomas Edison. Is that true? Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA．In school, Edison was often absent-minded, and his teacher did not think that he was very smart. In 1854, his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where young Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains from Port Huron to Detroit. These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman and eventually (最后) to found fourteen companies, including ‘ General Electric’, which still exists today. Edison started his career as an inventor in Newark, New Jersey. In 1878, Edison formed the Edison Electric Light Company. During his first public demonstration (展示) of his incandescent light (白炽灯) bulb on December 31, 1879, he said, “We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.” Light bulbs were not the only things Edison worked on. He also built the first industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. There, Edison and his assistant, William J. Hammer, worked on the telephone, phonograph (留声机), electric railway, and electric lighting. However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them so that they could be sold to the public. He did not invent the electric light bulb either. He did, however, start the first company that made and sold electric light bulbs. The only major invention that he actually did invent was the phonograph. It was his invention of the phonograph in 1877 that made him famous, and he became known as “The Wizard of Menlo Park” (门洛帕克的奇才), New Jersey. 10．What is the main idea of the article? A．Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which has helped humankind to see in the dark. B．Thomas Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented, but he did improve many of the inventions we use today. C．Thomas Edison was the first scientist to use an industrial research laboratory. D．Thomas Edison invented a lot of things, including the light bulb. 11．What are some of the things that Edison worked on? A．The light bulb, electric railway, and phonograph. B．The steam engine, fax machine, and television. C．The phonograph, computer, and telephone. D．The light bulb, camera, and phonograph. 12．Which of the following sentences can be used to best describe Edison? A．He was absent-minded and not very smart indeed. B．He was a good businessman as well as an inventor. C．He was famous for his great invention: the light bulb. D．He was a businessman but not an inventor. 13．In which magazine would you most likely find this article? A．Travel&Leisure B．People Weekly C．Business Week D．Culture 4 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor (教授) Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds (种子). Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed bank. These special banks make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity (好奇心) for the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus(焦点) of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from across Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students to do field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 areas. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 14．Which of the following can best describe Zhong Yang? A．Kind and honest. B．Strict and friendly. C．Creative and helpful. D．Brave and hard-working. 15．Which is the right order of the events? ① He became a professor at Fudan University. ② He began a programme to train local students. ③ He travelled around Xizang to collect seeds himself. ④ He studied radio engineering and became interested in plants. A．④①③② B．④①②③ C．①②③④ D．④②①③ 16．What can we infer(推断) from the last paragraph? A．All seeds they collected will grow next year. B．Zhong Yang didn’t care about his students at all. C．Zhong Yang’s students will carry on with his work. D．Zhong Yang was sad that he could not finish his work. 17．What would be the best title of the passage? A．The Great Seed Scientist B．A Seed Programme in China C．Important Seeds for the Future D．How to Build a Seed Bank in China 5 British scientist Jane Goodall known for her pioneering studies of chimpanzees (黑猩猩), passed away on Oct. 1, 2025 at the age of 91. A post on the Jane Goodall Institute’s Instagram page said she died of natural causes while on a speaking tour. Born in England in 1934, Goodall had a natural love for wild animals and dreamed of working with them in Africa. In July, 1960, Goodall finally traveled to Tanzania and entered the world of wild chimpanzees. Over the next 60 years, Goodall’s research changed how people understand human relationships with chimpanzees and introduced a new way to study wildlife. Goodall’s research was pioneering because she lived closely with wild chimpanzee groups to learn about their social lives. She gave names to each chimp and formed close relationships with them, learning how similar they were to us. She saw that chimpanzees have complex (复杂的) social lives and different personalities, such as being shy or outgoing. Two of Goodall’s most important discoveries came in 1960. That year, she saw a group of chimpanzees eating red meat, challenging the old idea that chimps only ate plants. She also saw something even more surprising — a male chimpanzee making and using tools. This finding changed the long-held idea that humans are the only animals that use tools. Since then, scientists have found many other animals can also use tools in the world. Besides her research, Goodall traveled the world to speak about the dangers to chimpanzees and the environmental challenges on Earth. She encouraged people to take action for all wild animals on the planet. “The least I can do is to speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves,” Goodall told National Geographic magazine.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 18．When did Jane Goodall first travel to Tanzania to study chimpanzees? A．In 1934. B．In 1960. C．At the age of 91. D．When she was 20. 19．Which is the right order of the following things? ① Jane Goodall was born in England. ② Jane Goodall passed away on a speaking tour. ③ Jane Goodall went to Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. ④ Scientists found many other animals can also use tools. A．①③④② B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③④①② 20．Why was Goodall’s discovery of chimpanzees using tools so important? A．Because it helped protect chimpanzees from being hunted. B．Because it made her the most famous scientist in the world. C．Because it showed chimpanzees are smarter than other animals. D．Because it showed humans are not the only tool-using animals. 21．What does the underlined word “those” in the last paragraph refer to (指代)? A．Humans. B．Challenges. C．Wild animals. D．Scientists. 22．Which of the following is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Giving Nature a Voice. B．Jane Goodall’s Life in Africa. C．Chimpanzees: Tool-Using Animals. D．The History of Wildlife Research. 6 When Marie Curie was a little girl, she was known for her amazing memory and love of learning. She was the youngest of five children in a Polish teacher’s family. Her father taught physics and her mother ran a girls’ school. From a young age, Marie watched her father study his science books and look at his glass lab equipment. Marie was a very hard-working student. She always came top in her class at primary school. But life was not easy for her family. When Marie was only 10 years old, her mother died of illness. The family fell on hard times, but Marie never gave up her love for learning. At that time, women in Poland were not allowed to go to university. Marie and her older sister Bronisława both wanted to study, but they had no money to go abroad. So they made a plan: Marie would work as a governess to pay for her sister’s studies in Paris first. When Bronisława finished and became a doctor, she would help Marie go to school. For five years, Marie worked hard and saved every coin. She read as many science books as she could in her free time. She often stayed up late studying by candlelight, even after a long day of work. She never complained, because she knew she was working toward her dream. Finally, in 1891, Marie left for Paris to study physics and mathematics at the Sorbonne. Life there was also hard. She lived in a cold small room and ate very simple food. But she spent all her time in the library and the lab. She graduated with first-class honors in both subjects. That little girl who loved to read science books grew up to be one of the greatest scientists in history. Her early love of learning and strong will laid the foundation for her future discoveries of radium and polonium, and her two Nobel Prizes. 23．Why couldn’t Marie go to university in Poland? A．Because her family was too poor. B．Because women were not allowed to. C．Because her mother died when she was young. D．Because she wanted to study in Paris. 24．What did Marie do to help her sister study abroad? A．She sold their family’s house. B．She borrowed money from her father. C．She worked as a governess to earn money. D．She taught her sister at home. 25．What can we learn about Marie from Paragraph 4? A．She gave up studying because of hard work. B．She complained about her life as a governess. C．She kept studying even when life was difficult. D．She spent all her money on science books. 26．What does the story mainly tell us? A．How Marie Curie discovered radium and won Nobel Prizes. B．Why Marie Curie moved from Poland to Paris to study. C．Marie Curie’s childhood and early life shaped her great future. D．The difficult life of women scientists in the 19th century. 7 In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 27．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 28．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 29．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 30．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 31．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. 8 Zu Chongzhi, who lived during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, was one of the greatest mathematicians and astronomers (a person who studies stars, planets and other objects in space) in ancient China. He was born in a family with a rich knowledge background. When he was young, he read many books on maths, astronomy and engineering, and developed a lifelong love for science. He often studied late to learn and work out hard math problems, and he was never afraid to challenge traditional ideas. Zu Chongzhi’s greatest achievement in mathematics is working out of pi. Using only wooden counting sticks, he spent years working out the value of pi and narrowed it down between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. This was the most advanced result in the world at that time. It was not until the 15th century, more than 900 years later, that someone else could reach such high precision. Some people even suggested naming pi after him in praise of his great talent. He and his son Zu Geng also developed a proper method to work out the volume of a sphere (球体体积), and their work was recorded in the book Zhui Shu. It even later became an official math textbook in the Tang Dynasty, used by students across the country. In astronomy, Zu also made great important achievements. He created the Daming Calendar. It is China’s first calendar to consider natural time rules, which helped people tell time and plan farm work more correctly. Besides his work in science, he was also a skilled inventor. He designed the south-pointing carriage and a fast 1000-li boat that could travel 100 li (1 li = 1/2 kilometer) per day, an achievement of ancient engineering. Zu was one of the few Chinese mathematicians who had a place on the moon named after him. People named a crater at the back of the moon “Zu Chongzhi crater” in memory of him. Additionally, a small star in space is also called “1888 Zu Chongzhi” in his honor. 32．What does the underlined word “precision” mean? A．Speed. B．Correctness. C．Power. D．Idea. 33．What can we know about the book Zhui Shu? A．It mainly talked about how to work out the value of pi. B．It was an official math textbook in the Tang Dynasty. C．It was widely used to guide farming work. D．It recorded ways to make ancient inventions. 34．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole passage? (①=Para. 1, ②=Para. 2…) A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①②/③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥ 35．What can we learn about Zu Chongzhi from the passage? A．He only devoted himself to mathematical research. B．He created many famous books on farming with his son. C．He first found the movement rules of the stars in China. D．He made progress in astronomy and invented useful things. 9 Yang Chen-Ning, a famous scientist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away in Beijing on Oct 18, 2025 at the age of 103. He was a professor (教授) at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1957, he and Tsung-Dao Lee won the Nobel Prize in Physics for finding parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions (弱相互作用). Yang went on to achieve more than one big discovery. He worked in many areas of physics. His work helped scientists understand how tiny particles (粒子) act in the universe. At age 35, Yang became the first Chinese Nobel Prize winner. He held a Chinese passport then, but during the Cold War, he could not visit China or even receive the tea sent by his father. In 1971, when the US allowed travel to China, Yang returned and became one of the first Chinese-American scientists to visit after years of separation. He traveled between China and the US, giving lectures and working hard to inspire (激励) young people. In December 2003, at age 81, he moved back to Beijing, where he had studied and grown up. A year later, he began teaching students physics at Tsinghua University. In 2015, Yang gave up his US citizenship and decided to stay in China for good. Yang Chen-Ning spent his whole life exploring science and made great achievements. More importantly, he always loved his country and cared about young students in China. He is a true hero that we will always remember. 36．How does the writer develop the text? A．In order of time. B．In order of place. C．In order of importance. D．In order of character. 37．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The reason for Yang Chen-Ning’s success. B．The influence of the Nobel Prize in Physics. C．The family background of Yang Chen-Ning. D．The great achievements of Yang Chen-Ning. 38．Why was Yang Chen-Ning unable to return to his hometown? A．Because he didn’t have a passport. B．Because China didn’t allow him to. C．Because of the international situation. D．Because of the cold weather in China. 39．Which word can best describe Yang Chen-Ning? A．Wealth-hunting. B．Time-saving. C．Easy-going. D．Nation-loving. 10 Zhao Jiuzhang was an important scientist from China. He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program. Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang graduated from Tsinghua University at the age of 26. Two years later, he began his three-year doctoral studies at Humboldt University of Berlin in Germany. After getting his doctorate, he returned to China and became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US. It became one of the most famous theories in the history of meteorology (气象学) development and one of the basic theories of weather forecasting. After the first satellite in the world was sent into space in October 1957, Zhao called for the development of China’s satellites. In the following years, he not only led the scientific team to do a lot of research and basic work for China’s satellites, but personally carried on research in the field of space physics. On April 24, 1970, China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which carried his efforts, was sent into space. Regrettably, this scientific pioneer passed away before finishing his goals on October 26, 1968. In 2007, to remember the 100th year of Zhao Jiuzhang’s birth, the Chinese Academy of Sciences named asteroid (小行星) 7811 “Zhao Jiuzhang Star”. Today, China’s space science and technology have developed rapidly. Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered. 40．What is Zhao Jiuzhang known as according to the passage? A．The Father of Chinese Meteorology. B．The Father of China’s Satellites. C．The Pioneer of World Space Physics. D．The Founder of Tsinghua University. 41．When did Zhao Jiuzhang become a professor? A．In 1907. B．In 1937. C．In 1938. D．In 1946. 42．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Zhao Jiuzhang’s report. B．The University of Chicago. C．The theory of “planetary wave instability”. D．The history of meteorology development. 43．What is Zhao Jiuzhang like? A．Honest and active. B．Smart and humorous. C．Brave and helpful. D．Hard-working and great. 44．What’s the theme of this passage? A．Study and life. B．Sports and health. C．Travel and culture. D．Science and technology. 附加题：请根据上述10篇阅读理解的相关内容，完成下列表格 Brief Introduction of Great Scientists Name Nationality Main Achievements Nan Rendong Yuan Longping Thomas Edison Zhong Yang Jane Goodall Marie Curie Hua Luogeng Zu Chongzhi Yang Chen-Ning Zhao Jiuzhang 二、书面表达 写作概览 写作题号 写作类型 写作话题 核心写作事件/写作任务 1 发言稿（演讲稿） The Great Minds（伟大人物） 结合小组讨论结果，分别介绍Tina心中的伟人袁隆平、Jim心中的伟人屠呦呦，自主补充一位伟人及至少两点理由；贴合小组发言场景，整合三人观点完成英文发言稿 2 命题作文 A Hero in My Heart（我心中的英雄） 分三层写作：介绍心中英雄基本信息；阐述英雄主要事迹与贡献；说明英雄的优秀品质，以及该人物对自身成长带来的影响 3 主题征文 Role Model’s Power（榜样的力量） 紧扣英语俱乐部征文主题，介绍自己崇敬的科学家，说明科学家核心贡献，结合人物事迹阐述自身收获与成长启发 4 网站投稿作文 致敬伟大发明家 以李华身份给英文网站投稿，回答三个核心问题：介绍最喜欢的发明家；说明喜爱该发明家的原因；讲述从发明家身上学到的精神品质 5 英语比赛演讲稿 The Power of a Hero（英雄的力量） 以李华身份参与校园演讲比赛，内容分为两部分：讲述一位英雄的具体事迹；结合英雄故事，分享自己从中获得的人生启发与感悟 6 报刊人物介绍短文 美国著名作家欧·亨利人物介绍 以校园英文周刊记者身份，介绍欧·亨利：梳理人生成长经历、罗列经典代表作、讲解作品特点、补充作品行业评价，可适度自主拓展内容 7 报刊专栏投稿作文 The Craftsman I Admire（我敬佩的工匠） 贴合校园英文报工匠专栏要求，依次完成：介绍工匠人物、详细阐述工匠真实事迹、说明自己日常如何践行工匠精神，可自主补充感悟内容 8 人物介绍短文 中国女科学家屠呦呦人物介绍及感悟 完整罗列屠呦呦生平、科研经历、科研成果、所获荣誉，结合她坚持不懈、甘于奉献的科研经历，写出个人真实感悟与学习决心 写作试题 1．假如你们的外教 Neil布置了一次小组演讲任务, 话题是“The Great Minds”。以下表格是你们小组的讨论结果， 请你根据表格内容， 用英语写一篇发言稿。 组员 心目中的伟人 原因 Tina   袁隆平 ● 被誉为“杂交水稻(hybrid rice) 之父”，一生致力于杂交水稻的研究和开发   ● 帮助解决了许多国家的粮食短缺问题 Jim 屠呦呦 ● 中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家   ● 成功研发青蒿素( artemisinin) ，挽救了发展中国家数百万人的生命 你? (请你补充) ? (请你补充至少两点) 注意： 1. 80-120词左右 (短文的开头已给出， 不计入总词数)。 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息， 否则不予评分。 Dear fellow students, I’m honored to share our group’s ideas about the great minds with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．不论哪个时代，哪个行业，都会有永驻人心的英雄，因而诗人说：“英雄儿女耀千秋”。你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是阅兵场上的军人，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人，亦或是你身边的守护者。请以“A Hero in My Heart”为题，写写你心中这位英雄的故事以及他 (她) 对你的影响。 1. 简单介绍这位英雄 (如姓名、所处时代等基本信息)； 2. 描述他/她的主要成就、贡献或故事； 3. 说明他/她身上哪些品质让你钦佩，以及对你产生了怎样的影响。 要求： 1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．榜样的精神引领我们成长。古人云“高山仰止，景行行止”，优秀人物的品质与成就总能给我们带来深刻的启迪。在我们的生活中，许多科学家用他们的智慧与坚持改变了世界，他们的故事值得我们铭记与学习。假如你校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Role Model’s Power”为主题的征文活动，请你根据下面提示和写作要求，用英语写一篇短文介绍你所崇敬的科学家。 提示： （1）你崇敬的科学家是谁？他/她主要做出了什么贡献？ （2）他/她的事迹对你有怎样的启发？ 要求： （1）短文须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥； （2）短文中不得出现考生姓名和学校名称； （3）100词左右。 Role Model’s Power ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．某英文网站正在开展以“致敬伟大发明家”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍你最喜欢的发明家，他/她为什么是你最喜欢的发明家以及你从他/她身上学到了什么。字数120字左右。 提示词：scientist, invent, great, teach 提示问题： 1. Who is your favourite inventor? 2. Why is he/she your favourite inventor? 3. What did you learn from him/her?   There are many famous inventors. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．假定你是李华，即将参加学校组织的以“The Power of a Hero”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1) 英雄人物事迹； (2) 你获得的启发。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．假如你是李华，是学校英文周刊的一名记者。为了让同学们了解一些国外著名作家，下周英文周刊将刊登有关国外作家的文章。请你根据下面表格中的提示信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍美国著名作家欧·亨利，发表在周刊上。 欧·亨利（1862—1910）是一位著名的美国作家，也是美国现代短篇小说的奠基人。 人生经历：1.三岁丧母，由祖母和姑姑养大； 2.从事过歌手、银行职员、记者等工作。 著名作品：《麦琪的礼物》；《最后一片叶子》 作品特点： 1.短小精悍，易于理解，具有幽默性； 2.结局出人意料； 3.善于描写美国各行各业普通人的生活。 作品评价：美国人生活的百科全书。 要求：1.包含提示信息，可以根据自己对该作家的了解，适当增添内容； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，行文连贯； 3.100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 A famous American writer—O. Henry O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．假定你是李辉，你校英文报开设“工匠人物”专栏，描述人物事迹、弘扬工匠精神。请你结合下面要点写一篇短文投稿。 要点：1. 介绍人物； 2. 事迹阐述； 3. 践行方式； 4. …… 要求：1. 语句通顺，符合逻辑，可适当发挥； 2. 不可出现真实姓名与学校名称； 3. 词数80-100。 参考词汇：工匠 the craftsman The Craftsman I Admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8． 假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇关于我国著名女科学家屠呦呦的短文并谈谈你的感受。 (1) 屠呦呦1930年出生在宁波，她因发现青蒿素而闻名； (2) 青蒿素能有效对抗疟疾——种很严重的疾病； (3) 历经190次失败后，她在中草药中发现了青蒿素，这种药已拯救了数百万人的生命； (4) 2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖； (5) 你认为…… 参考词汇：草药herb  青蒿素qinghaosu  疟疾malaria  有效地effectively  对抗fight  诺贝尔生理学或医学奖Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 要求：    (1) 词数：80~100个。 (2) 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 (3) 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。 Tu Youyou Tu Youyou is a well-known woman scientist from China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $2026-2027学年上学期九年级英语单元巩固提升(人教版2024) Unit 2 Inspiring People阅读写作 目录 第一部分 写作必备锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 阅读必备词句储备 变式巩固 第三部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 写作必备 类｜型｜结｜构 一、文体分析 1. 文体定位 该写作属社交网络博文，是中考九年级高频应用文，面向同龄读者，语言真诚自然，介于口语与书面语之间，不需要正式书信格式，带有分享、抒情属性。 2. 核心要求 内容：人物基本信息 + 具体励志事迹 + 个人成长感悟 语言：多用细节描写，避免空洞赞美；使用复合句提升档次 二、写作框架 1.框架结构 段落 功能 内容 Para 1 开篇引入 点题，介绍人物 打招呼+引出我心中最励志的人+简单身份/整体品质，总起全文 Para 2 主体叙事 讲述励志事迹（核心段） 交代人物遇到的困难 + 他/她的坚持/善良行动 + 当时我的感受（细节描写） Para 3 结尾升华 感悟+互动 这个人带给我的改变与启发 + 号召/提问互动（朋友圈专属结尾）+话题标签 2.写作模版 Today I want to share my inspiring person, ________. He/She is a ________ (身份). Years ago, he/she faced ________ (困难). Instead of giving up, he/she ________ (行动). He/She spent lots of time ________ (事迹). I admire him/her for his/her ________ and ________ (品质). When I ________ (自身困境), his/her story always encourages me to keep going. I will learn from him/her and ________ (未来行动). 三、高分句式 （一）开篇引入人物 1. Among all people I have met, the most inspiring one is… 在我认识的所有人中，最鼓舞我的人是…… 2. I’d like to share a person who greatly encourages me in my daily life. 我想分享一位在生活中深深激励我的人。 3. Today I want to talk about someone that sets a good example to me. 今天我想聊聊一位为我树立好榜样的人。 （二）描写人物困境 1. He/She once faced a lot of trouble, but never gave up easily. 他/她曾遭遇许多困境，却从不轻易放弃。 2. Life was full of challenges for him/her, yet he kept moving forward. 生活对他/她充满挑战，但他始终向前。 3. It was hard for him to overcome the difficulty at first. 起初对他而言，克服困难十分艰难。 （三）刻画人物励志行动 1. Instead of feeling upset, he spent all his spare time making progress step by step. 他没有消沉，而是利用所有空余时间一步步提升自己。 2. Whenever others were in trouble, she was always ready to give a hand without thinking twice. 每当他人陷入困境，她总会毫不犹豫伸出援手。 3. He stuck to his dream and tried his best to break through all difficulties. 他坚守梦想，拼尽全力冲破所有难关。 （四）抒发感悟升华 1. From him, I learn that nothing is impossible as long as we hold on to our goals. 从他身上我学到：只要坚守目标，一切皆有可能。 2. His spirit teaches me to be brave and positive when meeting difficulties. 他的精神教会我遭遇困境时要勇敢乐观。 3. This person lights up my way and pushes me to become a better version of myself. 这个人照亮我的前路，督促我成为更好的自己。 （五）互动结尾句式 1. Who is the inspiring person in your heart? Welcome to share your story below! 你心中励志的人是谁？欢迎在下方分享你的故事！ 2. Hope we can all learn from those warm and strong people around us. 希望我们都能向身边温暖又坚韧的人学习。 （六）过渡连接词（串联文章逻辑） To start with; However; What’s more; As a result; In a word; From then on 四、话题核心词汇 1. 人物身份：teacher, volunteer, athlete, parent, classmate, doctor 2. 励志品质：persistent 坚持不懈的；brave 勇敢的；warm-hearted 热心的；positive 乐观的；hard-working 勤奋的 3. 困难挫折：difficulty, trouble, failure, challenge, pressure 4. 行动动词：insist on 坚持；overcome 克服；struggle for 为……奋斗；cheer up 振作；offer help 提供帮助 5. 感悟词汇：inspire v. 鼓舞；encourage v. 激励；set an example 树立榜样；make a difference 带来改变 五、范文示例 【参考范文】 The Teacher Who Inspires Me Hi everyone! Among all my teachers, Ms. Li is the most inspiring person to me. She is our English teacher, gentle but full of strength. Last term, I failed my English exam and nearly lost confidence. I hid myself and refused to talk to others. Ms. Li noticed my sadness. She spent her free time helping me review knowledge every afternoon. No matter how busy she was, she never missed our small lessons. She told me that mistakes are chances to improve instead of failures. Now my English has improved a lot. I realize persistence matters most. Ms. Li teaches me to face weaknesses bravely. Who is your inspiring person? Feel free to leave your comments! 译文： 鼓舞我的那位老师 大家好！ 在我所有老师里，李老师是最激励我的人。她是我们的英语老师，温柔却充满力量。 上学期，我的英语考试失利，几乎失去信心。我把自己封闭起来，不愿和任何人交流。李老师察觉到了我的低落。她每天抽出空闲的下午帮我补习知识点。无论多忙碌，她从未缺席我们的小辅导。她告诉我，错误是进步的机会，而非彻底的失败。 如今我的英语提升了许多。我明白了坚持最重要。李老师教会我勇敢面对自身不足。 谁是你心中励志的人？欢迎留言分享！ 【范文简析】 1. 第一段（引入）：开门见山点明人物Ms. Li，简单介绍身份，总起全文 2. 第二段（核心叙事）：写出具体挫折（英语失利）+老师的暖心行动+老师的鼓励话语，细节饱满，不空洞 3. 第三段（升华互动）：写自身改变+收获的人生道理+朋友圈互动提问，贴合post文体特色 写｜作｜拓｜展 一、拓展词汇 ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. admire 敬佩 2. inspire 激励 3. encourage 鼓舞 4. respect 尊敬 5. praise 赞扬 6. achieve 实现 7. overcome 克服 8. sacrifice 牺牲 9. persist 坚持 10. explore 探索 11. creative 有创造力的 12. brave 勇敢的 13. wise 睿智的 14. hard-working 勤奋的 15. selfless 无私的 16. modest 谦逊的 17. outstanding 杰出的 18. remarkable 卓越的 19. extraordinary 非凡的 20. admirable 令人敬佩的 21. inspiring 鼓舞人心的 22. persistent 坚持不懈的 23. fearless 无畏的 24. warm-hearted 热心的 25. determined 意志坚定的 26. lifelong 毕生的 27. valuable 宝贵的 28. significant 意义重大的 29. precious 珍贵的 30. brilliant 才华出众的 31. hardship 苦难 32. mission 使命 33. spirit 精神 34. dream 理想 35. effort 努力 36. determination 决心 37. devotion 奉献 38. struggle 奋斗 39. progress 进步 40. glory 荣光 41. reputation 声誉 42. legacy 精神遗产 43. model 榜样 44. role-model 楷模 45. pioneer 先行者 46. hero 英雄 47. idol 偶像 48. guide 指引 49. motivation 动力 50. inspiration 精神源泉 二、拓展句式 1. look up to sb as my greatest role model 将某人视作我最伟大的榜样 2. be deeply inspired by one’s life story 被某人的人生故事深深打动 3. devote all one’s time and energy to public causes 将全部时间精力投入公共事业 4. never give up in the face of countless difficulties 面对无数困境永不放弃 5. set a great example for teenagers all over the world 为全球青少年树立优秀榜样 6. It is wise of sb. to stick to one’s original dream 某人坚守初心十分睿智 7. It was brave of sb. to step into unknown dangerous areas 某人勇闯未知危险之地 8. It is amazing that sb. made such great achievements at a young age 某人年少便取得斐然成就令人惊叹 9. It is important for us to learn noble spirits from inspiring people 我们理应学习伟人高尚精神 10. One’s perseverance teaches me to keep moving forward 某人的毅力教会我勇往直前 11. Sb.’s selfless devotion moves me deeply 某人无私奉献深深打动我 12. draw endless strength from sb’s life experience 从某人人生经历中汲取无穷力量 13. carry forward the valuable spirit left by great people 传承伟人留下的宝贵精神 14. follow in sb’s footsteps to realize my own dream 追随某人脚步实现自我理想 15. overcome all kinds of hardships to finish the mission 克服重重磨难完成使命 16. spare no effort to make contributions to society 竭尽全力为社会做贡献 17. put public interests above personal gains 将集体利益置于个人得失之上 18. hold firm belief and never lose hope no matter what happens 坚守信念无论遭遇何事绝不绝望 19. devote oneself to the field that benefits all mankind 投身造福全人类的领域 20. break through limits and create unprecedented achievements 突破局限创造前所未有的成就 21. spread positive spirits to people around the whole world 向全世界传递正能量 22. spend decades doing research without any complaint 数十年潜心研究毫无怨言 23. train a large number of young talents for the country 为国家培养大批青年人才 24. leave precious spiritual wealth for later generations 为后人留下珍贵精神财富 25. face challenges calmly and find solutions actively 从容面对挑战主动寻找办法 26. turn impossible tasks into reality through continuous efforts 凭借不懈努力将不可能变为现实 27. show great care and kindness to ordinary people 对普通民众满怀关怀与善意 28. keep curiosity alive and explore the mysteries of nature 永葆好奇心探索自然奥秘 29. sacrifice personal family time for long-term public work 牺牲个人家庭时光投身长期公共工作 30. make groundbreaking discoveries that change the world 做出改变世界的开创性发现 31. combine eastern culture with western ideas perfectly 完美融合东方文化与西方理念 32. break the unfair limits set for women in old times 打破旧时针对女性的不公束缚 33. travel thousands of miles to complete important tasks 跋涉千里完成重要任务 34. improve people’s living conditions with professional knowledge 用专业知识改善民众生活 35. plant seeds of hope in the hearts of young people 在年轻人心中种下希望的种子 36. remind us to hold on to our dreams in difficult times 提醒我们困境中坚守理想 37. gain wide respect from people of all ages 收获各年龄段民众广泛尊敬 38. use one’s knowledge to solve practical social problems 运用知识解决现实社会难题 39. refuse to give in to hard conditions and outside pressure 不屈服于艰苦环境与外界压力 40. create balanced and harmonious works admired worldwide 创作举世称赞的平衡和谐作品 41. teach people to love peace and treat everyone equally 教导人们热爱和平、平等待人 42. protect natural resources for the sustainable development 为可持续发展保护自然资源 43. record true history to pass down valuable lessons 记录真实历史传承宝贵经验 44. build convenient facilities that push national development 修建助力国家发展的便民设施 45. cure more patients and stop the spread of diseases 救治更多病患阻断疾病传播 46. realize the dream that no one believed could come true 实现无人看好的梦想 47. support and encourage young people to chase their goals 支持鼓励年轻人追逐目标 48. understand the importance of teamwork in big projects 明白大型项目中团队协作的重要性 49. leave a lasting influence on the development of science 对科学发展留下深远影响 50. become the light that guides young people forward 成为指引青年前行的光 三、拓展范文 范文1： Everyone has someone to look up to, and my inspiring person is Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He devoted his whole life to rice research. At that time, many people suffered from hunger. He worked outdoors in hot fields year after year, ignoring tiredness and difficulties. Finally, his hybrid rice helped feed billions of people around the world. What moves me most is his perseverance and selflessness. Even in his old age, he still kept walking in rice fields. Whenever I meet hard problems in study, I will think of him and cheer myself up. I decide to study science harder and do something useful for society in the future. 范文2： I want to write a post about my classmate Li Hua, who truly inspires me. Li Hua was born with a leg problem, so walking is hard for him. However, he never asks for special care. He arrives at school earliest every morning and takes part in all sports activities. Last term, he kept practicing running for the sports meeting and finished the race at last. He always smiles and encourages classmates who fall behind. His optimism teaches me not to complain about small troubles. From now on, I will stop giving up easily and face challenges bravely just like him. 范文3： If you ask me who inspires me most, the answer is Zhang Guimei. She built a free high school for girls in mountain areas. She was weak and suffered from many illnesses, but she never stopped helping poor girls receive education. She spent all her money on students instead of herself. She holds the belief that every girl deserves a chance to study. Her devotion makes me realize the power of kindness and persistence. I will cherish my study chance and learn to help people around me. ◇Part 02 阅读必备 一、必备拓展词汇 1. biologist 生物学家 2. botanist 植物学家 3. explorer 探险家 4. pioneer 先驱 5. researcher 研究员 6. historian 历史学家 7. physicist 物理学家 8. chemist 化学家 9. architect 建筑师 10. astronaut 宇航员 11. engineer 工程师 12. nurse 护士 13. mathematician 数学家 14. philosopher 思想家 15. scientist 科学家 16. professor 教授 17. scholar 学者 18. inventor 发明家 19. pilot 飞行员 20. volunteer 志愿者 21. curiosity 好奇心 22. courage 勇气 23. wisdom 智慧 24. dedication 奉献 25. perseverance 毅力 26. creativity 创造力 27. ambition 志向 28. modesty 谦逊 29. loyalty 忠诚 30. kindness 善良 31. achievement 成就 32. discovery 发现 33. invention 发明 34. exploration 探索 35. contribution 贡献 36. legacy 遗产，毕生成果 37. expedition 远征考察 38. agriculture 农业 39. astronomy 天文学 40. engineering 工程学 41. medicine 医学 42. architecture 建筑学 43. calendar 历法 44. seedbank 种子库 45. wilderness 荒野 46. poverty 贫困 47. starvation 饥饿 48. civilization 文明 49. dynasty 朝代 50. expedition 远行考察 二、必备拓展句式 1. devote one’s whole life to research 毕生投身研究 2. collect plant samples across remote areas 在偏远地区采集植物样本 3. overcome harsh climate and high altitudes 克服恶劣气候与高海拔 4. train young local researchers 培养本土青年科研人员 5. preserve rare plant species 保护珍稀植物物种 6. reduce global hunger 缓解全球饥饿问题 7. conduct experiments without formal schooling 未接受正规教育仍开展实验 8. record historical events in written works 以著作记录历史事件 9. break gender barriers in scientific fields 打破科学界性别壁垒 10. win multiple international science awards 斩获多项国际科学奖项 11. design buildings combining eastern and western styles 设计融合东西方风格建筑 12. complete space live teaching from orbit 完成太空在轨直播授课 13. build railway lines across mountains 修建穿山铁路干线 14. improve medical sanitation standards 提升医疗卫生标准 15. lay foundation for computer technology 奠定计算机技术基础 16. spread ideas of peace and universal love 传播和平兼爱思想 17. travel along ancient trade routes 沿古商路远行 18. fight against endemic infectious diseases 对抗地方性传染病 19. pursue scientific dreams despite hardships 历经磨难追逐科学理想 20. pass down academic spirit to students 将治学精神传承给学生 21. devote spare time to public welfare 空余时间投身公益 22. explore unknown regions for resource collection 踏足未知区域收集资源 23. overcome life-threatening difficulties 克服危及生命的困境 24. publish academic papers on unique species 发表独有物种学术论文 25. establish long-term research programs 设立长期科研项目 26. sacrifice personal comfort for public interests 舍弃个人安逸服务大众 27. break previous records in aviation 打破航空领域过往纪录 28. promote cultural communication between nations 促进各国文化交流 29. correct misunderstandings of natural laws 纠正对自然规律的误解 30. record accurate astronomical observations 记录精准天文观测数据 31. create new theories to explain natural phenomena 创立新理论解释自然现象 32. relieve people’s suffering during wars 减轻战争中民众苦难 33. invent practical tools for daily production 发明实用生产工具 34. carry out long-distance diplomatic missions 执行长途外交使命 35. develop new crop varieties with high yields 培育高产新型作物 36. share research findings with global scholars 与全球学者共享研究成果 37. encourage teenagers to engage in scientific exploration 鼓励青少年参与科学探索 38. face dangerous environments without fear 无畏面对危险环境 39. maintain firm faith in personal missions 坚守自身使命信念 40. bridge gaps between different civilizations 搭建不同文明沟通桥梁 41. fight poverty in remote rural villages 在偏远乡村脱贫攻坚 42. conduct field research in extreme weather 极端天气下开展实地调研 43. compile complete historical records 编撰完整史学典籍 44. improve medical care for wounded soldiers 改善伤员医疗护理条件 45. study radioactive elements for medical use 研究放射性元素医用价值 46. design landmark buildings for world museums 为世界博物馆设计地标建筑 47. finish transoceanic flights alone 独自完成跨洋飞行 48. advocate equal kindness to all people 倡导人人平等仁爱 49. protect biodiversity for future generations 为后代保护生物多样性 50. inherit and carry forward noble spiritual qualities 传承发扬高尚精神品质 ◇Part 03 能力提升 一、阅读理解 1 Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong. He was a great scientist and the “Father of China’s Sky Eye”. His work helps us learn more about the stars and the universe. Nan was born in 1945. From a young age, he showed great interest in the sky and stars. He studied hard and later became a famous astronomer (天文学家). In 1993, he had a big dream—to build the world’s largest radio telescope (望远镜) in China. At that time, many people thought it was too difficult, but Nan never gave up. For the next 22 years, Nan put all his heart into this project. He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place. He worked with his team day and night, even when he was ill. Finally, in 2016, the “Sky Eye” was finished. It is 500 meters wide and can “hear” sounds from far away in space. Standing beside the huge telescope, Nan often said that science needs patience and courage. The big dish looks like a huge ear, listening to messages from space. Because of him, China now has the most powerful eye to watch the universe. He gave his whole life to science and the country. His story tells us that big dreams are not easy to achieve and need great effort. Today, people around the world respect his great work. His spirit will continue to encourage young students to reach for the stars. We should all learn from his dedication (奉献) to science and his love for our country. China is proud of having such a great scientist. 1．What does the writer suggest by mentioning Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou in Paragraph 1? A．To show they are more famous than Nan Rendong. B．To explain why Nan Rendong chose to study stars. C．To introduce a less-known great scientist to readers. D．To compare their achievements with Nan’s project. 2．Why did Nan Rendong walk over many mountains in Guizhou? A．To look for a suitable place for the telescope. B．To study the local plants and wildlife there. C．To find a quiet place to watch the stars. D．To get away from the busy city life. 3．Which of the following best describes Nan Rendong’s spirit according to the passage? A．Rich and successful. B．Warm-hearted and friendly. C．Careful and humorous. D．Strong-minded and hard-working. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To describe what the “Sky Eye” looks like. B．To encourage readers to learn from Nan’s spirit. C．To explain how the telescope was built step by step. D．To show the difficulties Nan faced during the project. 2 Yuan Longping (1930—2021) is known as a great scientist who was the first person to develop hybrid rice (杂交水稻). His research greatly solved the problem of the food shortage (短缺) in the world. Yuan Longping started the research in 1964. He put forward the idea of hybrid rice, did experiments on the farm, and succeeded in 1973. The new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974, and then he continued to test it in other areas. China has become the first country that can produce hybrid rice and Yuan is called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Besides being a respected scientist, he was also a romantic husband and a caring grandfather. Yuan’s granddaughters remembered that when he traveled to Hong Kong, he wanted to buy his wife a new watch, but it was too expensive, so he bought a candy instead. When he was 90 years old, his family held a birthday party. Hundreds of people came to the party. There was a moving moment: Yuan cut the first piece of cake and immediately gave it to his wife. They also said that their grandfather paid much attention to their English and maths studies. No matter how tired he was after work, he would still ask about their studies. Yuan Longping loved playing the violin, swimming and driving. What’s more, he had a special habit—playing mahjong (麻将) with friends for an hour every evening to train his brain. Just like common people, the scientist laughed when he won and didn’t hide his disappointment (失望) when he lost. This is Yuan Longping: an ordinary person who made great achievements (成就). 5．Yuan Longping developed hybrid rice in order to ________. A．build a research center B．test his ideas in all areas C．make himself famous in China D．solve the problem of the food shortage 6．Yuan Longping brought ________ for his wife in Hong Kong at last. A．a cake B．a candy C．a watch D．a violin 7．What does the underlined word “ordinary” mean in Paragraph 6? A．Careful. B．Helpful. C．Common. D．Honest. 8．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．Yuan Longping tested the new technology in other areas in 1964 B．Yuan Longping was good at hiding his feelings when he played mahjong C．on Yuan Longping’s 90th birthday, he cut the first piece of cake for himself D．Yuan Longping paid much attention to his granddaughters’ English and maths studies 9．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A great but ordinary scientist—Yuan Longping. B．The close relationship of Yuan Longping’s family. C．Yuan Longping’s different hobbies in his free time. D．The scientific process (科学流程) to produce hybrid rice. 3 Many people believe that light bulbs were invented by Thomas Edison. Is that true? Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA．In school, Edison was often absent-minded, and his teacher did not think that he was very smart. In 1854, his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where young Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains from Port Huron to Detroit. These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman and eventually (最后) to found fourteen companies, including ‘ General Electric’, which still exists today. Edison started his career as an inventor in Newark, New Jersey. In 1878, Edison formed the Edison Electric Light Company. During his first public demonstration (展示) of his incandescent light (白炽灯) bulb on December 31, 1879, he said, “We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles.” Light bulbs were not the only things Edison worked on. He also built the first industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. There, Edison and his assistant, William J. Hammer, worked on the telephone, phonograph (留声机), electric railway, and electric lighting. However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them so that they could be sold to the public. He did not invent the electric light bulb either. He did, however, start the first company that made and sold electric light bulbs. The only major invention that he actually did invent was the phonograph. It was his invention of the phonograph in 1877 that made him famous, and he became known as “The Wizard of Menlo Park” (门洛帕克的奇才), New Jersey. 10．What is the main idea of the article? A．Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which has helped humankind to see in the dark. B．Thomas Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented, but he did improve many of the inventions we use today. C．Thomas Edison was the first scientist to use an industrial research laboratory. D．Thomas Edison invented a lot of things, including the light bulb. 11．What are some of the things that Edison worked on? A．The light bulb, electric railway, and phonograph. B．The steam engine, fax machine, and television. C．The phonograph, computer, and telephone. D．The light bulb, camera, and phonograph. 12．Which of the following sentences can be used to best describe Edison? A．He was absent-minded and not very smart indeed. B．He was a good businessman as well as an inventor. C．He was famous for his great invention: the light bulb. D．He was a businessman but not an inventor. 13．In which magazine would you most likely find this article? A．Travel&Leisure B．People Weekly C．Business Week D．Culture 4 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor (教授) Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds (种子). Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed bank. These special banks make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity (好奇心) for the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus(焦点) of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from across Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students to do field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 areas. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 14．Which of the following can best describe Zhong Yang? A．Kind and honest. B．Strict and friendly. C．Creative and helpful. D．Brave and hard-working. 15．Which is the right order of the events? ① He became a professor at Fudan University. ② He began a programme to train local students. ③ He travelled around Xizang to collect seeds himself. ④ He studied radio engineering and became interested in plants. A．④①③② B．④①②③ C．①②③④ D．④②①③ 16．What can we infer(推断) from the last paragraph? A．All seeds they collected will grow next year. B．Zhong Yang didn’t care about his students at all. C．Zhong Yang’s students will carry on with his work. D．Zhong Yang was sad that he could not finish his work. 17．What would be the best title of the passage? A．The Great Seed Scientist B．A Seed Programme in China C．Important Seeds for the Future D．How to Build a Seed Bank in China 5 British scientist Jane Goodall known for her pioneering studies of chimpanzees (黑猩猩), passed away on Oct. 1, 2025 at the age of 91. A post on the Jane Goodall Institute’s Instagram page said she died of natural causes while on a speaking tour. Born in England in 1934, Goodall had a natural love for wild animals and dreamed of working with them in Africa. In July, 1960, Goodall finally traveled to Tanzania and entered the world of wild chimpanzees. Over the next 60 years, Goodall’s research changed how people understand human relationships with chimpanzees and introduced a new way to study wildlife. Goodall’s research was pioneering because she lived closely with wild chimpanzee groups to learn about their social lives. She gave names to each chimp and formed close relationships with them, learning how similar they were to us. She saw that chimpanzees have complex (复杂的) social lives and different personalities, such as being shy or outgoing. Two of Goodall’s most important discoveries came in 1960. That year, she saw a group of chimpanzees eating red meat, challenging the old idea that chimps only ate plants. She also saw something even more surprising — a male chimpanzee making and using tools. This finding changed the long-held idea that humans are the only animals that use tools. Since then, scientists have found many other animals can also use tools in the world. Besides her research, Goodall traveled the world to speak about the dangers to chimpanzees and the environmental challenges on Earth. She encouraged people to take action for all wild animals on the planet. “The least I can do is to speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves,” Goodall told National Geographic magazine.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 18．When did Jane Goodall first travel to Tanzania to study chimpanzees? A．In 1934. B．In 1960. C．At the age of 91. D．When she was 20. 19．Which is the right order of the following things? ① Jane Goodall was born in England. ② Jane Goodall passed away on a speaking tour. ③ Jane Goodall went to Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. ④ Scientists found many other animals can also use tools. A．①③④② B．①④③② C．③①②④ D．③④①② 20．Why was Goodall’s discovery of chimpanzees using tools so important? A．Because it helped protect chimpanzees from being hunted. B．Because it made her the most famous scientist in the world. C．Because it showed chimpanzees are smarter than other animals. D．Because it showed humans are not the only tool-using animals. 21．What does the underlined word “those” in the last paragraph refer to (指代)? A．Humans. B．Challenges. C．Wild animals. D．Scientists. 22．Which of the following is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Giving Nature a Voice. B．Jane Goodall’s Life in Africa. C．Chimpanzees: Tool-Using Animals. D．The History of Wildlife Research. 6 When Marie Curie was a little girl, she was known for her amazing memory and love of learning. She was the youngest of five children in a Polish teacher’s family. Her father taught physics and her mother ran a girls’ school. From a young age, Marie watched her father study his science books and look at his glass lab equipment. Marie was a very hard-working student. She always came top in her class at primary school. But life was not easy for her family. When Marie was only 10 years old, her mother died of illness. The family fell on hard times, but Marie never gave up her love for learning. At that time, women in Poland were not allowed to go to university. Marie and her older sister Bronisława both wanted to study, but they had no money to go abroad. So they made a plan: Marie would work as a governess to pay for her sister’s studies in Paris first. When Bronisława finished and became a doctor, she would help Marie go to school. For five years, Marie worked hard and saved every coin. She read as many science books as she could in her free time. She often stayed up late studying by candlelight, even after a long day of work. She never complained, because she knew she was working toward her dream. Finally, in 1891, Marie left for Paris to study physics and mathematics at the Sorbonne. Life there was also hard. She lived in a cold small room and ate very simple food. But she spent all her time in the library and the lab. She graduated with first-class honors in both subjects. That little girl who loved to read science books grew up to be one of the greatest scientists in history. Her early love of learning and strong will laid the foundation for her future discoveries of radium and polonium, and her two Nobel Prizes. 23．Why couldn’t Marie go to university in Poland? A．Because her family was too poor. B．Because women were not allowed to. C．Because her mother died when she was young. D．Because she wanted to study in Paris. 24．What did Marie do to help her sister study abroad? A．She sold their family’s house. B．She borrowed money from her father. C．She worked as a governess to earn money. D．She taught her sister at home. 25．What can we learn about Marie from Paragraph 4? A．She gave up studying because of hard work. B．She complained about her life as a governess. C．She kept studying even when life was difficult. D．She spent all her money on science books. 26．What does the story mainly tell us? A．How Marie Curie discovered radium and won Nobel Prizes. B．Why Marie Curie moved from Poland to Paris to study. C．Marie Curie’s childhood and early life shaped her great future. D．The difficult life of women scientists in the 19th century. 7 In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 27．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 28．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 29．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 30．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 31．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. 8 Zu Chongzhi, who lived during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, was one of the greatest mathematicians and astronomers (a person who studies stars, planets and other objects in space) in ancient China. He was born in a family with a rich knowledge background. When he was young, he read many books on maths, astronomy and engineering, and developed a lifelong love for science. He often studied late to learn and work out hard math problems, and he was never afraid to challenge traditional ideas. Zu Chongzhi’s greatest achievement in mathematics is working out of pi. Using only wooden counting sticks, he spent years working out the value of pi and narrowed it down between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. This was the most advanced result in the world at that time. It was not until the 15th century, more than 900 years later, that someone else could reach such high precision. Some people even suggested naming pi after him in praise of his great talent. He and his son Zu Geng also developed a proper method to work out the volume of a sphere (球体体积), and their work was recorded in the book Zhui Shu. It even later became an official math textbook in the Tang Dynasty, used by students across the country. In astronomy, Zu also made great important achievements. He created the Daming Calendar. It is China’s first calendar to consider natural time rules, which helped people tell time and plan farm work more correctly. Besides his work in science, he was also a skilled inventor. He designed the south-pointing carriage and a fast 1000-li boat that could travel 100 li (1 li = 1/2 kilometer) per day, an achievement of ancient engineering. Zu was one of the few Chinese mathematicians who had a place on the moon named after him. People named a crater at the back of the moon “Zu Chongzhi crater” in memory of him. Additionally, a small star in space is also called “1888 Zu Chongzhi” in his honor. 32．What does the underlined word “precision” mean? A．Speed. B．Correctness. C．Power. D．Idea. 33．What can we know about the book Zhui Shu? A．It mainly talked about how to work out the value of pi. B．It was an official math textbook in the Tang Dynasty. C．It was widely used to guide farming work. D．It recorded ways to make ancient inventions. 34．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole passage? (①=Para. 1, ②=Para. 2…) A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①②/③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥ 35．What can we learn about Zu Chongzhi from the passage? A．He only devoted himself to mathematical research. B．He created many famous books on farming with his son. C．He first found the movement rules of the stars in China. D．He made progress in astronomy and invented useful things. 9 Yang Chen-Ning, a famous scientist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away in Beijing on Oct 18, 2025 at the age of 103. He was a professor (教授) at Tsinghua University and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1957, he and Tsung-Dao Lee won the Nobel Prize in Physics for finding parity non-conservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions (弱相互作用). Yang went on to achieve more than one big discovery. He worked in many areas of physics. His work helped scientists understand how tiny particles (粒子) act in the universe. At age 35, Yang became the first Chinese Nobel Prize winner. He held a Chinese passport then, but during the Cold War, he could not visit China or even receive the tea sent by his father. In 1971, when the US allowed travel to China, Yang returned and became one of the first Chinese-American scientists to visit after years of separation. He traveled between China and the US, giving lectures and working hard to inspire (激励) young people. In December 2003, at age 81, he moved back to Beijing, where he had studied and grown up. A year later, he began teaching students physics at Tsinghua University. In 2015, Yang gave up his US citizenship and decided to stay in China for good. Yang Chen-Ning spent his whole life exploring science and made great achievements. More importantly, he always loved his country and cared about young students in China. He is a true hero that we will always remember. 36．How does the writer develop the text? A．In order of time. B．In order of place. C．In order of importance. D．In order of character. 37．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The reason for Yang Chen-Ning’s success. B．The influence of the Nobel Prize in Physics. C．The family background of Yang Chen-Ning. D．The great achievements of Yang Chen-Ning. 38．Why was Yang Chen-Ning unable to return to his hometown? A．Because he didn’t have a passport. B．Because China didn’t allow him to. C．Because of the international situation. D．Because of the cold weather in China. 39．Which word can best describe Yang Chen-Ning? A．Wealth-hunting. B．Time-saving. C．Easy-going. D．Nation-loving. 10 Zhao Jiuzhang was an important scientist from China. He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program. Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang graduated from Tsinghua University at the age of 26. Two years later, he began his three-year doctoral studies at Humboldt University of Berlin in Germany. After getting his doctorate, he returned to China and became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US. It became one of the most famous theories in the history of meteorology (气象学) development and one of the basic theories of weather forecasting. After the first satellite in the world was sent into space in October 1957, Zhao called for the development of China’s satellites. In the following years, he not only led the scientific team to do a lot of research and basic work for China’s satellites, but personally carried on research in the field of space physics. On April 24, 1970, China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, which carried his efforts, was sent into space. Regrettably, this scientific pioneer passed away before finishing his goals on October 26, 1968. In 2007, to remember the 100th year of Zhao Jiuzhang’s birth, the Chinese Academy of Sciences named asteroid (小行星) 7811 “Zhao Jiuzhang Star”. Today, China’s space science and technology have developed rapidly. Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered. 40．What is Zhao Jiuzhang known as according to the passage? A．The Father of Chinese Meteorology. B．The Father of China’s Satellites. C．The Pioneer of World Space Physics. D．The Founder of Tsinghua University. 41．When did Zhao Jiuzhang become a professor? A．In 1907. B．In 1937. C．In 1938. D．In 1946. 42．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Zhao Jiuzhang’s report. B．The University of Chicago. C．The theory of “planetary wave instability”. D．The history of meteorology development. 43．What is Zhao Jiuzhang like? A．Honest and active. B．Smart and humorous. C．Brave and helpful. D．Hard-working and great. 44．What’s the theme of this passage? A．Study and life. B．Sports and health. C．Travel and culture. D．Science and technology. 附加题：请根据上述10篇阅读理解的相关内容，完成下列表格 Brief Introduction of Great Scientists Name Nationality Main Achievements Nan Rendong Yuan Longping Thomas Edison Zhong Yang Jane Goodall Marie Curie Hua Luogeng Zu Chongzhi Yang Chen-Ning Zhao Jiuzhang 参考答案 1 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“中国天眼之父”南仁东从小对星空的热爱、为建造世界最大射电望远镜“中国天眼”付出的22年心血，以及他身上坚韧不拔、为国奉献的精神，展现了这位科学家的伟大贡献与人格魅力。 1．根据文章第一段中“Most students know Yuan Longping and Tu Youyou, but few know the name Nan Rendong.”可知，作者通过对比大家熟知的科学家与鲜为人知的南仁东，旨在引出并介绍这位伟大的科学家。 2．根据文章第三段中“He walked over many mountains in Guizhou to find the best place.”可知，南仁东走遍贵州群山是为了给望远镜寻找最佳的选址（suitable place）。 3．根据文章第二段中“never gave up（从不放弃）”、第三段中“put all his heart into this project... worked... day and night, even when he was ill（全心投入、日夜工作、生病坚持）”以及第四段中“patience and courage（耐心与勇气）”和“dedication（奉献）”，可以看出他意志坚强且勤奋工作。 4．根据文章最后一段中“His spirit will continue to encourage young students...（他的精神将继续鼓励年轻学生）”以及“We should all learn from his dedication...（我们都应学习他的奉献）”，表明该段的主要目的是号召读者学习南仁东的精神。 2 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 【解析】本文主要介绍“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的科研成就，同时也介绍了他温情的家庭形象与生活爱好。 5．根据第一段第二句“His research greatly solved the problem of the food shortage in the world.”可知，袁隆平的研究极大地解决了世界粮食短缺的问题，因此他研发杂交水稻是为了解决粮食短缺问题。 6．根据第四段“he wanted to buy his wife a new watch, but it was too expensive, so he bought a candy instead.”可知，他想买手表但太贵，最后买了一块糖果。 7．根据第五段“Just like common people, the scientist laughed when he won”可知，文章描述袁隆平就像普通人一样生活。此处ordinary意为“普通的”，与“common”意思相近。 8．根据第四段倒数第二句“They also said that their grandfather paid much attention to their English and maths studies.”可知，袁隆平非常关注孙女们的英语和数学学习。根据第二段“Yuan Longping started the research in 1964.”1964 年才开始研究，排除选项A；根据倒数第二段“the scientist laughed…disappointment when he lost.”可知，打麻将输了的时候，他没有隐藏自己的失望，排除选项B；根据第四段“Yuan cut the first piece of cake and immediately gave it to his wife.”可知，第一块蛋糕给了妻子，排除选项C 。 9．文章第一段和第二段介绍了袁隆平在科学上的伟大成就，第四段和第五段也描述了他作为丈夫、祖父及普通人的生活点滴，最后一段总结为“an ordinary person who made great achievements”。选项A“一位伟大而平凡的科学家——袁隆平”最能概括全文主旨。 3 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了爱迪生的故事，他并非电灯泡的原创发明者，他擅长改进已有发明并商业化。他创办了通用电气公司，真正的主要发明是留声机，并因此闻名。 10．第四段首句“However, Edison did not invent many of the things he is said to have invented; he only improved them...”澄清了爱迪生并非发明了许多东西，而是改良了它们，B选项准确概括了这一中心思想。 11．第三段最后一句“...worked on the telephone, phonograph, electric railway, and electric lighting.”指出，爱迪生研究过电话、留声机、电气化铁路和电灯，A选项中的物品均在文中提及。 12．第二段中的句子“These early sales experiences led Edison to discover his talents as a businessman...”以及后文详述的发明家生涯，表明他兼具商人和发明家双重身份。 13．本文主要介绍了著名人物爱迪生的生平事迹及澄清了一些误解，属于人物传记类文章，最可能出现在《人物周刊》上。 4 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．A 【解析】本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文，主要讲述了生物学家钟扬教授一生致力于植物与种子研究，远赴西藏收集种子、培养科研人才，为国家种子库奉献一生的感人故事，赞扬了他勇敢、勤奋、无私奉献的高尚品质。 14．根据第三段“It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work.”可知，他不畏严寒、高原险阻，即便生病依旧坚持工作，体现出brave“勇敢的”、hard-working“勤奋刻苦的”。 15．根据第二段“There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants.”可知，他学习无线电工程，之后对植物产生兴趣 (④)；根据第二段“he became a professor at Fudan University”可知，他成为复旦大学教授 (①)；根据第三段“When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from across Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang.”可知，他亲自去西藏收集种子 (③)；根据第四段“He began a programme to find and train local students to do field research to become scientists.”可知，他开展项目培养当地学生 (②)。因此，正确顺序是：④①③②，对应选项A。 16．根据最后一段“My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.”可知，他的学生会继续走在科学探索的道路上，也就是学生会继承、继续他的科研事业。 17．全文围绕钟扬这位毕生研究、收集种子的伟大生物学家展开，讲述他的生平事迹与精神传承；选项A“伟大的种子科学家”概括了全文主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 5 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．C 22．A 【解析】本文介绍了英国科学家简・古道尔的生平、她在坦桑尼亚对黑猩猩的开创性研究及其重大发现，以及她为野生动物保护所做的贡献。 18．根据第二段第二句“In July, 1960, Goodall finally traveled to Tanzania and entered the world of wild chimpanzees.”可知，她于1960年前往坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩。 19．根据文章内容梳理时间线：“Born in England in 1934”对应①出生于1934年；第二段“In July, 1960... traveled to Tanzania”对应③1960年去坦桑尼亚；第四段“Since then, scientists have found many other animals can also use tools”对应④此后科学家发现其他动物也会使用工具；第一段“passed away on Oct. 1, 2025”对应②2025年去世。正确顺序为①③④②。 20．根据第四段倒数第二句“This finding changed the long-held idea that humans are the only animals that use tools.”可知，这一发现改变了人类是唯一会使用工具的动物的旧观念。 21．根据最后一段第二句“She encouraged people to take action for all wild animals on the planet.”以及划线词所在句“speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves”可知，她倡导为无法为自己发声的野生动物代言，故“those”指代“Wild animals”。 22．文章不仅介绍了珍·古德的研究成就，还重点提到了她为全球野生动物发声、鼓励人们采取行动的保护工作。选项A“给自然发声”最能概括她的研究精神与保护使命。 6 23．B 24．C 25．C 26．C 【解析】本文讲述了居里夫人从小热爱学习、记忆力超群，在家庭贫困、母亲早逝、祖国波兰禁止女性上大学的困境下，她通过做家庭教师资助姐姐留学，最终自己赴巴黎大学深造，并以顽强意志和勤奋奠定未来科学成就的故事。 23．第三段明确指出：“At that time, women in Poland were not allowed to go to university.”玛丽不能在波兰上大学是因为当时政策不允许女性上大学。 24．第三段第三句指出：“So they made a plan: Marie would work as a governess to pay for her sister’s studies in Paris first.”玛丽通过做家庭教师赚钱来资助姐姐留学。 25．第四段内容，玛丽工作了五年，攒下每一分钱，利用空闲时间阅读科学书籍，甚至熬夜学习，且从未抱怨。这表明即使生活艰难，她依然坚持学习。 26．前五段详细描述了玛丽·居里的童年家庭、求学受阻、与姐姐互助以及刻苦求学的经历，最后一段总结指出“Her early love of learning and strong will laid the foundation for her future discoveries...”她早期对学习的热爱和坚强的意志为她未来的发现奠定了基础。因此，文章的主旨是她的童年和早年生活塑造了她伟大的未来。 7 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了数学家华罗庚放弃美国的工作，毅然回国，投身祖国科学事业的故事，以及纪录片《回归》展现的20世纪50年代归国科学家们的家国情怀，并探讨了该纪录片对青少年的教育意义。 27．原文第一段指出，华罗庚的公开信“showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists”，直接说明了这封信表达了海外中国科学家对祖国的深切热爱。 28．原文第三段提到“In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. ”，明确给出了华罗庚离开普林斯顿大学的时间。 29．原文第二段提到“The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s.”，核心内容是讲述上世纪50年代归国科学家们的故事。 30．根据第三段内容，“At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress.”和“ He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.”，可知他不仅有远见，而且意志坚定，不畏艰难。 31．原文最后一段提到“I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists.”，点明了制作纪录片的目的。 8 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【解析】本文是说明文，文章整体介绍我国古代科学家祖冲之。 32．第2段“he spent years working out the value of pi and narrowed it down between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927...It was not until the 15th century...that someone else could reach such high precision.”指出，他算出圆周率在3.1415926和3.1415927之间，直到15世纪才有其他人达到这么高的精准度。“precision”表示“精准度”，意思与“Correctness”相近。 33．第3段“It even later became an official math textbook in the Tang Dynasty, used by students across the country.”表明，《缀术》后来成为唐代官方数学教材，全国学生使用。 34．通读全文，第①段总述祖冲之基本信息；②③④⑤段介绍各类科学成就；第⑥段介绍后世纪念方式。文章结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥。 35．第4段“In astronomy, Zu also made great important achievements.”表明，祖冲之在天文学取得重大成就；第5段“he was also a skilled inventor.”指出，他还是一名技艺精湛的发明家。即祖冲之在天文学方面取得了进步，并发明了一些有用的东西。 9 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．D 【解析】本文是一篇人物传记，主要讲述了著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁的生平事迹，包括他的科学成就、获奖经历、回国历程以及他对祖国和年轻学子的热爱，展现了一位真正的科学英雄形象。 36．文章按时间顺序展开：1957年获奖→35岁成为首位华人诺贝尔奖得主→1971年首次回国→2003年搬回北京→2004年在清华任教→2015年放弃美国国籍。 37．第二段主要讲述杨振宁在1957年与李政道共同获得诺贝尔物理学奖，之后又在多个物理学领域取得重大发现，帮助科学家理解粒子在宇宙中的行为，这都是在介绍他的伟大成就。 38．第三段明确指出：“during the Cold War, he could not visit China”，冷战属于国际政治局势，正是国际形势使他无法回国。 39．最后一段点明：“More importantly, he always loved his country and cared about young students in China”，说明杨振宁最突出的品质是热爱祖国。 10 40．B 41．C 42．C 43．D 44．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了“中国人造卫星之父”赵九章的生平与主要贡献：他提出重要气象学理论，领导并推动了中国首颗人造卫星“东方红一号”的研发工作。为纪念他，一颗小行星被命名为“赵九章星”。 40．第一段“He is known as the “Father of China’s Satellites (人造卫星)” for he helped China start its satellite program.”直接表明，赵九章被称为“中国人造卫星之父”，选项B与之对应。 41．第一段“Born in Kaifeng in October 1907, Zhao Jiuzhang...became a professor at the National Southwestern Associated University.”表明，赵九章成为国立西南联合大学的教授时31岁，即1938年。选项C与之对应。 42．第二段“In 1946, Zhao Jiuzhang put forward the theory of “planetary wave instability (行星波不稳定理论)” in his report at the University of Chicago in the US.”表明，赵九章提出了行星波不稳定理论，下文中的it指代这个理论，选项C与之对应。 43．第三段“In the following years, he not only...carried his efforts, was sent into space.”表明赵九章很努力，最后一段“Zhao’s influential achievements for China will always be remembered.”表明赵九章很伟大，选项D与之对应。 44．结合全文，本文主要讲解了赵九章提出重要气象学理论，领导并推动了中国首颗人造卫星“东方红一号”的研发工作，属于科学与技术的主题，选项D与之对应。 附加题： Brief Introduction of Great Scientists Name Nationality Main Achievements Nan Rendong Chinese He is the "Father of China’s Sky Eye". He spent 22 years leading the team to build the world’s largest 500-meter radio telescope. The telescope helps humans study stars and the universe deeply. Yuan Longping Chinese He is the "Father of Hybrid Rice". He successfully developed hybrid rice, which greatly solved the global food shortage problem and made China the first country to produce hybrid rice. Thomas Edison American He improved many inventions like light bulbs and set up the first industrial research lab. He invented the phonograph and founded General Electric. He made electric products widely used by the public. Zhong Yang Chinese A famous biologist focusing on plant seeds. He traveled to Xizang to collect over 40 million seeds and trained local researchers. His seed collection protects plant species from disappearing forever. Jane Goodall British She carried out long-term research on wild chimpanzees in Tanzania. She found chimpanzees eat meat and can make tools, changing people’s old ideas about animals. She also works hard to protect wild animals worldwide. Marie Curie Polish She overcame hard conditions to study physics and maths in Paris. She discovered polonium and radium, and won two Nobel Prizes for her great scientific discoveries. Hua Luogeng Chinese A top mathematician. He returned from the US to China in 1950. He built China’s first computer research group and laid an important foundation for China’s early computer science development. Zu Chongzhi Chinese (Ancient Southern and Northern Dynasties) He worked out the most accurate value of pi in his time. He created the Daming Calendar, calculated the sphere volume with his son, and invented the south-pointing carriage and fast boats. A lunar crater and a star are named after him. Yang Chen-Ning Chinese He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 for discovering parity non-conservation. He promoted scientific communication between China and the US and taught physics at Tsinghua University to inspire young Chinese students. Zhao Jiuzhang Chinese He is the "Father of China’s Satellites". He put forward the important planetary wave instability theory in meteorology. He led research for China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1. An asteroid was named after him to honor his contributions. 二、书面表达 写作概览 写作题号 写作类型 写作话题 核心写作事件/写作任务 1 发言稿（演讲稿） The Great Minds（伟大人物） 结合小组讨论结果，分别介绍Tina心中的伟人袁隆平、Jim心中的伟人屠呦呦，自主补充一位伟人及至少两点理由；贴合小组发言场景，整合三人观点完成英文发言稿 2 命题作文 A Hero in My Heart（我心中的英雄） 分三层写作：介绍心中英雄基本信息；阐述英雄主要事迹与贡献；说明英雄的优秀品质，以及该人物对自身成长带来的影响 3 主题征文 Role Model’s Power（榜样的力量） 紧扣英语俱乐部征文主题，介绍自己崇敬的科学家，说明科学家核心贡献，结合人物事迹阐述自身收获与成长启发 4 网站投稿作文 致敬伟大发明家 以李华身份给英文网站投稿，回答三个核心问题：介绍最喜欢的发明家；说明喜爱该发明家的原因；讲述从发明家身上学到的精神品质 5 英语比赛演讲稿 The Power of a Hero（英雄的力量） 以李华身份参与校园演讲比赛，内容分为两部分：讲述一位英雄的具体事迹；结合英雄故事，分享自己从中获得的人生启发与感悟 6 报刊人物介绍短文 美国著名作家欧·亨利人物介绍 以校园英文周刊记者身份，介绍欧·亨利：梳理人生成长经历、罗列经典代表作、讲解作品特点、补充作品行业评价，可适度自主拓展内容 7 报刊专栏投稿作文 The Craftsman I Admire（我敬佩的工匠） 贴合校园英文报工匠专栏要求，依次完成：介绍工匠人物、详细阐述工匠真实事迹、说明自己日常如何践行工匠精神，可自主补充感悟内容 8 人物介绍短文 中国女科学家屠呦呦人物介绍及感悟 完整罗列屠呦呦生平、科研经历、科研成果、所获荣誉，结合她坚持不懈、甘于奉献的科研经历，写出个人真实感悟与学习决心 写作试题 1．假如你们的外教 Neil布置了一次小组演讲任务, 话题是“The Great Minds”。以下表格是你们小组的讨论结果， 请你根据表格内容， 用英语写一篇发言稿。 组员 心目中的伟人 原因 Tina   袁隆平 ● 被誉为“杂交水稻(hybrid rice) 之父”，一生致力于杂交水稻的研究和开发   ● 帮助解决了许多国家的粮食短缺问题 Jim 屠呦呦 ● 中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家   ● 成功研发青蒿素( artemisinin) ，挽救了发展中国家数百万人的生命 你? (请你补充) ? (请你补充至少两点) 注意： 1. 80-120词左右 (短文的开头已给出， 不计入总词数)。 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息， 否则不予评分。 Dear fellow students, I’m honored to share our group’s ideas about the great minds with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．不论哪个时代，哪个行业，都会有永驻人心的英雄，因而诗人说：“英雄儿女耀千秋”。你的心中也一定有一位英雄，他也许是阅兵场上的军人，也许是攻克难题的科学家，也许是一位感动大家的普通人，亦或是你身边的守护者。请以“A Hero in My Heart”为题，写写你心中这位英雄的故事以及他 (她) 对你的影响。 1. 简单介绍这位英雄 (如姓名、所处时代等基本信息)； 2. 描述他/她的主要成就、贡献或故事； 3. 说明他/她身上哪些品质让你钦佩，以及对你产生了怎样的影响。 要求： 1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥； 3. 词数在100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．榜样的精神引领我们成长。古人云“高山仰止，景行行止”，优秀人物的品质与成就总能给我们带来深刻的启迪。在我们的生活中，许多科学家用他们的智慧与坚持改变了世界，他们的故事值得我们铭记与学习。假如你校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Role Model’s Power”为主题的征文活动，请你根据下面提示和写作要求，用英语写一篇短文介绍你所崇敬的科学家。 提示： （1）你崇敬的科学家是谁？他/她主要做出了什么贡献？ （2）他/她的事迹对你有怎样的启发？ 要求： （1）短文须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥； （2）短文中不得出现考生姓名和学校名称； （3）100词左右。 Role Model’s Power ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．某英文网站正在开展以“致敬伟大发明家”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍你最喜欢的发明家，他/她为什么是你最喜欢的发明家以及你从他/她身上学到了什么。字数120字左右。 提示词：scientist, invent, great, teach 提示问题： 1. Who is your favourite inventor? 2. Why is he/she your favourite inventor? 3. What did you learn from him/her?   There are many famous inventors. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．假定你是李华，即将参加学校组织的以“The Power of a Hero”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1) 英雄人物事迹； (2) 你获得的启发。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．假如你是李华，是学校英文周刊的一名记者。为了让同学们了解一些国外著名作家，下周英文周刊将刊登有关国外作家的文章。请你根据下面表格中的提示信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍美国著名作家欧·亨利，发表在周刊上。 欧·亨利（1862—1910）是一位著名的美国作家，也是美国现代短篇小说的奠基人。 人生经历：1.三岁丧母，由祖母和姑姑养大； 2.从事过歌手、银行职员、记者等工作。 著名作品：《麦琪的礼物》；《最后一片叶子》 作品特点： 1.短小精悍，易于理解，具有幽默性； 2.结局出人意料； 3.善于描写美国各行各业普通人的生活。 作品评价：美国人生活的百科全书。 要求：1.包含提示信息，可以根据自己对该作家的了解，适当增添内容； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，行文连贯； 3.100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 A famous American writer—O. Henry O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．假定你是李辉，你校英文报开设“工匠人物”专栏，描述人物事迹、弘扬工匠精神。请你结合下面要点写一篇短文投稿。 要点：1. 介绍人物； 2. 事迹阐述； 3. 践行方式； 4. …… 要求：1. 语句通顺，符合逻辑，可适当发挥； 2. 不可出现真实姓名与学校名称； 3. 词数80-100。 参考词汇：工匠 the craftsman The Craftsman I Admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8． 假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇关于我国著名女科学家屠呦呦的短文并谈谈你的感受。 (1) 屠呦呦1930年出生在宁波，她因发现青蒿素而闻名； (2) 青蒿素能有效对抗疟疾——种很严重的疾病； (3) 历经190次失败后，她在中草药中发现了青蒿素，这种药已拯救了数百万人的生命； (4) 2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖； (5) 你认为…… 参考词汇：草药herb  青蒿素qinghaosu  疟疾malaria  有效地effectively  对抗fight  诺贝尔生理学或医学奖Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 要求：    (1) 词数：80~100个。 (2) 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 (3) 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。 Tu Youyou Tu Youyou is a well-known woman scientist from China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1． Dear fellow students, I’m honored to share our group’s ideas about the great minds with you. Tina talked about Yuan Longping, who is known as the“ Father of Hybrid Rice”. He devoted his life to researching and developing hybrid rice, which has helped to solve the food shortage problem in many countries. Jim introduced Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to win the Nobel Prize. After years of hard work, she successfully discovered and developed artemisinin. As for me, I consider Zhang Guimei as one of the great minds.She tries hard to raise money and set up a high school for girls, giving thousands of girls a chance to study and fight for their future life. 【写作解析】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英语演讲稿，介绍类书面表达 明确要点：依次介绍组员心中的伟大人物袁隆平、屠呦呦，补充自己心中的伟人及两点核心事迹原因 确定时态：以一般现在时为主，客观介绍人物事迹 确定人称：第三人称介绍伟人，第一人称阐述个人观点 注意事项：词数80-120词，不透露个人真实信息，要点完整、语句通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： I 开头段：承接题干给定内容，引出小组分享的伟人主题 II 主体段：分别介绍Tina、Jim心中的伟人及对应贡献 III 结尾段：补充个人心中的伟人，阐述其伟大事迹与价值 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍袁隆平 核心身份：杂交水稻之父 主要贡献：devote one’s life to doing sth/research and develop hybrid rice/solve food shortage problems/improve grain output/benefit the world等 要点二：介绍屠呦呦 核心身份：中国首位诺贝尔女科学家 主要贡献：discover and develop artemisinin/save millions of lives/through years of hard work/make great contributions to…等 要点三：个人补充伟人（张桂梅） 事迹：：set up a free high school/mountainous areas/help poor girls receive education/provide learning chances/change one’s fate等 2． A Hero in My Heart When it comes to heroes, opinions are different from person to person. As for me, the hero in my heart is Qian Xuesen. He was a great scientist who lived in the 20th century. He is considered the pioneer of China’s space technology programme. Though he faced many difficulties, he never gave up. He worked hard to help China build its rockets and satellites. What I admire most about him is his love for his country and his strong will. His story teaches me to keep working hard and never lose heart when facing problems. I will learn from him and become a better person. 【写作解析】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主 明确要点：英雄的基本信息、主要成就/故事、敬佩的品质及对自己的影响 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) + 第三人称 (he/his) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、校名和地名，词数100词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接已给出的句子，点明心中的英雄是谁 主体段：介绍英雄的基本信息、主要成就与贡献 结尾段：说明敬佩的品质，以及对自己的影响与感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：英雄基本信息与主要成就 人物选择：Qian Xuesen/Zhang Guimei/Yuan Longping等 信息描述：He was a great scientist who lived in the 20th century./He is considered the pioneer of China’s space technology programme./She is widely known for founding the first free high school for girls in China./He is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.等 具体贡献：Though he faced many difficulties, he never gave up./He worked hard to help China build its rockets and satellites./She has helped thousands of girls from poor families go to college and change their lives./He worked hard to develop high-yield hybrid rice, which helped feed millions of people around the world.等 要点二：敬佩的品质与个人影响 品质说明：His love for his country and his strong will./Her selfless love for students and her unyielding spirit are what I admire most./His love for his country and his strong will to solve hunger problems are truly inspiring.等 影响说明：His story teaches me to keep working hard and never lose heart when facing problems./I will learn from him and become a better person./Her story teaches me to care for others and never give up on helping people in need./I will learn from him to pursue my dreams and help others in the future.等 3． Role Model’s Power My role model is Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He spent his life researching how to grow more rice to help feed people. Because of his hard work, millions of people have enough food to eat. His story teaches me two important things. First, we should work hard for our dreams. Second, helping others is a great thing to do. I will study hard like him and try my best to help people in need. I truly believe that his spirit will live on in all of us forever. Yuan Longping’s power encourages me to be a better person every day. 【写作解析】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般现在时为主。 明确要点：崇敬的科学家是谁及主要贡献；对自己的启发。 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）和第三人称（He/his）。 注意事项：不得出现真实姓名和学校名称，字数 100 词左右。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明榜样是袁隆平，介绍他的称号与贡献。 主体段：讲述他的事迹给自己带来的启发。 结尾段：表达向他学习的决心，升华榜样力量的主题。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：科学家及贡献 人物：Yuan Longping 称号：Father of Hybrid Rice 贡献：spent his life researching/help feed people 要点二：个人启发 努力追梦：work hard for our dreams 乐于助人：help people in need 要点三：学习决心 决心：study hard 4．   There are many famous inventors. My favourite one is Thomas Edison. He was a great American scientist who invented over 1,000 things, including the light bulb.​​   ​He is my favourite inventor not only because of his brilliant inventions, but also because of his positive attitude. His famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” has taught me a lot. It shows that hard work is the key to success, not just talent.​​ ​  From him, I learned that we should never give up easily when facing difficulties. His spirit encourages me to keep trying in my own study and life. He is truly a great person to learn from.​ 【写作解析】［总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步：开篇点明最喜欢的发明家是托马斯·爱迪生，并简要介绍其身份和代表性发明； 第二步：从发明成就和个人态度两个维度阐述喜欢原因，重点引用其名言说明成功真谛； 第三步：总结从爱迪生身上学到的道理，说明其精神对个人的积极影响。 ［亮点词汇］ ①brilliant杰出的 ②positive积极的 ③not only ... but also...不但……而且…… ［高分句型］ ①He was a great American scientist who invented over 1,000 things, including the light bulb. (运用who引导定语从句) ②He is my favourite inventor not only because of his brilliant inventions, but also because of his positive attitude. (运用not only ... but also...并列连词结构) 5． Dear fellow students, Good morning, everyone! My hero is Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He worked tirelessly for decades to develop high-yield hybrid rice, solving food shortages for millions both in China and around the world. His selfless dedication to scientific research teaches me that true power lies in perseverance and serving others. I am deeply inspired to study hard and contribute to society like him. Let’s all learn from heroes and make our world better. Thank you! 【写作解析】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，介绍英雄事迹并谈启发 明确要点：介绍英雄人物的事迹，说明自己获得的启发 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：词数80个左右，语言流畅，符合演讲语气，不得透露真实姓名和学校名称   [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：问候听众，点明自己心中的英雄是谁 主体段：详细介绍英雄的主要事迹与贡献 结尾段：总结英雄带来的启发，发出呼吁并致谢   [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：英雄人物事迹 选择的英雄：Yuan Longping/Zhang Guimei 日常行为：worked tirelessly/was devoted to education 应对行动：developed high-yield hybrid rice/help thousands of girls go to school 表现与结果：solving food shortages for millions/won great respect from the world 要点二：你获得的启发 启发：true power lies in perseverance/serving others is the greatest power 成长变化：I am deeply inspired to study hard/become more willing to contribute to society 6． A famous American writer—O. Henry O. Henry was a well-known American writer and the founder of modern American short stories. He had a hard life. His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt. He worked as a singer, a bank clerk, a journalist and so on. O. Henry wrote many famous works, such as The Gift of the Magi and The Last Leaf. His works are short and easy to understand, and they are humorous. The endings of his stories are always unexpected. He was good at describing the lives of ordinary people in different jobs in the United States. O. Henry’s works are regarded as an encyclopedia of American life. 【写作解析】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，介绍O. Henry的生平经历、作品特点及文学地位，内容简洁明了，重点突出。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍核心人物O. Henry的人生经历。 第二步，介绍O. Henry的代表作品、创作风格及文学评价。 [亮点词汇] ①well-known著名的 ②such as例如 ③be regarded as被视为 [高分句型] His mother died when he was three years old, and he was raised by his grandmother and aunt.（when引导的时间状语从句） 7． The Craftsman I Admire The craftsman I deeply admire is Meng Fanchao, who is a renowned bridge engineer. He took the lead in the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. During the process, he encountered numerous tough problems, like the complex ocean environment. But he persisted, spending years on research and innovation to perfect every detail. We should follow his example. In our daily life, we should be persistent in our studies and tasks, and face difficulties with courage. 【写作解析】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，需介绍工匠人物、阐述其事迹，并说明践行工匠精神的方式。 [写作步骤] 第一步，确定要介绍的工匠人物（文中为孟凡超），点明对其钦佩之情； 第二步，详细描述该工匠在工作中（如港珠澳大桥建设）遇到的困难及坚持解决问题的事迹； 第三步，阐述我们在日常生活中应如何以该工匠为榜样践行工匠精神。 [亮点词汇] ① take the lead in 在……中带头 ② encounter problems 遇到问题 ③ follow one’s example 以某人为榜样 [高分句型] ① The craftsman I deeply admire is Meng Fanchao, who is a renowned bridge engineer.（who引导的定语从句） ② During the process, he encountered numerous tough problems, like the complex ocean environment.（like引导的介词短语作插入语，举例说明） 8． Tu Youyou is a well-known woman scientist from China. She was born in Ningbo in 1930. She is famous for discovering qinghaosu. It can effectively fight against malaria, a very serious disease. After 190 failures, she succeeded in discovering it in Chinese herbs. The medicine has saved millions of lives. In 2015, she became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. I think she is one of the greatest scientists in China because her discovery is seen as a great contribution to human health. I think we should learn from her. 【写作解析】[总体分析] ①题材：这是一篇材料作文，为记叙文； ②时态：主要是“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据所给要点进行写作，适当补充，注意时态，要求语法正确、条理清晰。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍屠哟哟的个人经历； 第二步，介绍自己的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①be famous for 因……而出名 ②succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 ③a great contribution to 对……的巨大贡献 [高分句型] I think she is one of the greatest scientists in China because her discovery is seen as a great contribution to human health. （宾语从句，原因状语从句） $