2027届高考英语语法考点之介词 学习任务单

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统梳理了介词核心考点，以思维导图为统领，整合动词、名词、形容词及其他词的介词搭配，构建“总-分-例”知识网络。通过真题典例引路和任务驱动设计，引导学生自主归纳介词用法规律，形成层次分明的备考体系。 亮点在于诊断性自测与个性化提升结合，开篇设置17道真题典例作为自测工具，配套22道举一反三练习，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。每个模块含思维导图梳理任务，助力学生自主诊断薄弱点，教师可依据练习反馈精准指导，有效提升备考实效。

【真题典例】 1.as　句意:由于北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空处表“作为”,as是介词,意为“作为”,故填as。 2.at　根据语境“七岁时”可知,此处用at。 3.in　句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全被修复了。表“在某个朝代”应用介词in。 4.until　此处表 “直到20世纪80年代后期它才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表 “直到……才……”用固定句型 “not ... until ...”。故填until。 5.on　句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。 6.in　in the evening意为“在晚上”,为固定搭配。故填in。 7.on　句意:在一个寒冷的夜晚,当他骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“(在具体的某一天的)早上、中午、晚上”等,需用介词on。故填on。 8.by　by hand“用手工”,是固定搭配。故填by。 9.as　固定短语:serve as “充当;担任”。 10.to　from ... to ... “从……到……”,是固定搭配。 11.by　动词name的执行者,表被动。 12.from　此处表“从西安飞往喀什噶尔”,应用介词from。固定搭配:from ... to ... 表“从……到……”,故填from。 13.of　various types of 为固定搭配,表“各种各样的”,故填of。 14.for　句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。大多数博物馆也欢迎学校团体,并为儿童安排特别活动。根据语境可知,此处是动词短语:compete for “为……竞争”,故填for。 15.than　句意:……因为它比熟悉的近地面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。 16.from　此处是指“当他们来回上下班时”。学生平时多用from ... to ...连接起始点,而本题涉及同一个地点,表示“往返”,一些学生由于没有掌握to和from的用法而误填其他介词。 17.to　句意:她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的:呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注;引起对……的注意”的短语为call attention to。故填to。 【举一反三】 1.with　句意:新场馆将是一个现代化的展览空间,具有提供文物保护、修复和游客服务等多种功能。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处用介词with表示“有,具有”。故填with。 2.In; on　第一空是地点, 表“在一些地区”, 用介词in,句首首字母大写,填介词In;第二空特指冬至的第一天, 用介词on。 3.as　由“evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”可知,这片废墟作为中国文明至少存在5 000年的证据被世界认可,故空处填介词as “作为”。 4.Without　句意:河流上的桥梁对当地人来说无疑是必不可少的,因为它们使居住在这些偏远地区的人能够前往不同地区。没有桥梁,获得基本服务、医疗和学校教育将会极其困难。 without “没有”。 5.in　此处表示“在红色背景下留下白色的文字”。本句中 in的基本意义是“处于某种状态”。类似用法有 in love “热恋中”, in good repair “状况良好”, in order “有序的”等。另外,“in+颜色/服装款式”还常用来表示穿某种颜色或款式的衣服。 6.during/in　句意:一项研究发现,早晨锻炼的参与者在白天增加了体育锻炼,更少被食物分散注意力,睡眠质量更好。during/in the day表示“在白天”。during 在此的基本意义是“在……期间”。 7.with　句意: ChatGPT 仍然是一个应用非常有限的产品。它有潜力用于增强搜索引擎的功能性,但作为预训练语言模型,它的用途有限。with 在本句中意为“有,具有”。 8.by　此处指增长的幅度, 介词by表“增长了”。故填by。 9.Unlike　句意:不像与狗有关的研究,分析猫的行为很困难,这也是人类对它们了解较少的部分原因。空后是名词,根据句意,用介词unlike “不像”,构成介宾短语作状语,故填Unlike。 10.among　句意:一份报告指出,不健康的生活方式在大学生中很普遍。根据句意以及空后的college students可知,此处为介词among表示“在……之间”,满足句意要求。故填among。 11.to　句意:该园的布局与苏州拙政园的结构相似。be similar to “与……相似”。故填 to。 12.in　句意:执行任务的载人飞船也处于研发阶段。in the middle of为固定表达,表示“处于某事过程中”。故填in。 13.for　句意:令我们吃惊的是,餐馆那天的晚餐只收了我们20美元。很值得。charge sb. for “向某人收费……”,故填for。 14.on　句意:日本和服是在唐代袍的基础上制成的,它已成为日本的民族服装。on the basis of “根据; 以……为基础”。故填 on。 15.to　句意:研究发现,那些对牛奶过敏的人可能会对奶酪有不良反应。be allergic to ... “对……过敏”。故填to。 16.of; to　句意:如果你需要延长期限,只需向教授解释情况。in need of“需要……”;explain sth. to sb. “向某人解释……”。 17.as　根据语境“其中包括被公认为‘中华第一灯’的长信宫灯”可知,此处是 be acknowledged as ... “被公认为”。故填as。 18.By　此处表“偶然”, 是固定短语 by chance,空处位于句首,故填By。 19.between　between ... and ... 是固定搭配,意为“在……和……之间”。故填 between。 20.of/from　句意:他不得不每天吃三次药,以摆脱腿部的疼痛。be free of/from “免除……,摆脱……”是固定短语。故填of/from。 21.to　句意:人们不能确定它的起源,但古代中国人将自己的智慧归功于黄帝的妻子嫘祖。分析句子可知,这里考查credit ... to ... 表“认为是……的功劳;把……归于”,为固定搭配。故填to。 22.after　句意:此外,这座城市的许多地方都以丝绸制造工艺命名,如荣庄街和锦绣作坊。be named after“以……命名”。故填after。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考点2 介词 一、介词用法思维导图 二、介词构成的搭配 1．介词与动词构成的搭配 call for需要，要求 apply for申请 refer to提及，参考 contribute to贡献，有助于，促成 focus on集中于 feel like想要 hold up举起 exchange...for...用……来交换…… cope with处理，对付 2．介词与名词构成的搭配 at a loss不知所措 at the cost of以……的代价 on behalf of代表 with fear害怕地 by accident/chance偶然地 in charge of掌管…… in return作为回报 in detail详细地 in spite of尽管 in exchange for作为交换 in favor of支持，赞成 in honour of为向……表示敬意 in possession of拥有，有， in memory of为了纪念…… 3．介词与形容词构成的搭配 be curious about对……好奇 be particular about对……讲究/挑剔 be absorbed in专注于…… be engaged/occupied in忙于…… be fit for适合，胜任…… be grateful to/for对……心存感激 be aware of意识到…… be fond of喜欢…… be ashamed of为……感到羞愧 be patient with对……有耐心 be qualified for 胜任…… 4．介词与其他词构成的搭配 but for要不是 instead of代替 regardless of不管，不顾 along with随着 according to根据 owing to因为 【真题典例】 1.Thanks to Beijing’s long history ___________ the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. (2023·浙江首考) 2.Luc Gandarias, who’s now 13, went blind suddenly ___________ age seven. (2022·浙江卷) 3.It was built originally to protect the city ___________ the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). (2021·全国甲卷) 4.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___________ the late 1980s.(2021·全国乙卷) 5.The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ___________ earth, Mother Nature.(全国卷Ⅲ) 6.Helen was walking down the street late ___________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. (2022·北京卷) 7.While riding his bike home ___________ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. (2021·北京卷) 8.There you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumplings and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed ___________ hand rather than rolled. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 9.Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 10.From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ___________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. (2023·全国乙卷) 11.May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. (2022·全国乙卷) 12.He flew 4,700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022·全国甲卷) 13.Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. (2021·全国乙卷) 14.Museums must compete ___________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 15.The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so ___________ the familiar near side.(全国卷Ⅰ) 16.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ___________ work.(全国卷Ⅱ) 17.Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ___________ global water issues. (2023·北京卷) 【举一反三】 1.The new venue will be a modern exhibition space ___________ multiple functions to provide relic preservation, repair work, and visitor services. 2.___________ some regions south of the Yangtze River ___________ the first day of Winter Solstice, the whole family gets together to have a meal made of red bean and glutinous rice to drive away evil things. 3.The ruins have gained worldwide recognition ___________ evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization. 4.The bridges over rivers are certainly essential for the local people, for they allow people living in these remote areas to travel to different areas. ___________ the bridges, access to essential services, medical treatment and school education would be extremely difficult. 5.Seals are carved in one of two ways: the material is carved away from the character, leaving a red ink outline when used on paper, or the character is carved into the material, leaving the character ___________ white against a red background. 6.A study found participants who exercised in the morning, and increased their physical activity ___________ the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. 7.ChatGPT is still a product___________ very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use. 8.The total amount of packaging increased ___________ 12% between 1999 and 2005. 9.___________ studies involving dogs, analyzing cat behavior is difficult, which is part of why humans understand them less. 10.A report pointed out that unhealthy lifestyle is common ___________ college students. 11.The layout of the garden is similar ___________ the structure of the Humble Administrator Garden in Suzhou. 12.The manned spacecraft for the mission is also ___________ the middle of its research and development stage. 13.To our amazement, the restaurant charged us only $20 ___________ dinner that day. It was well worth it. 14.The Japanese kimono (和服) is made ___________ the basis of pao of the Tang Dynasty, and it has become the national clothing of Japan. 15.The study has found that those who are allergic ___________ milk are likely to react to cheese. 16.If you are in need ___________ a deadline extension, simply explain the situation ___________ the professor. 17.In 1968, many precious relics were unearthed in the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty including the Changxin Palace Lamp, which is acknowledged ___________ “the first lamp of China”. 18.As a teenager, he enjoyed watching Chinese kungfu films. ___________ chance, he saw a video of a man named Yuan Shimao performing Wudang martial arts. 19.A living heritage is an endless dialogue ___________ the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a carrier to pass that legacy on. 20.He had to take the medicine three times a day, so as to be free ___________the pain in the leg. 21.Delicate, shining and soft to the touch, silk has threaded its way throughout China’s history. One can’t be certain of its origin, but ancient Chinese credited their own wisdom ___________ Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor as the inventor. 22.Besides, many places in the city are named ___________ silk manufacturing processes, such as Rongzhuang Street and Jinxiu Workshop. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $