第05讲 Unit 5 Wild animals（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材译林版

第05讲 Unit 5 Wild animals （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与介绍野生动物相关的词汇。 2. 能理解表达对于野生动物问题、后果等的核心句型：如It is difficult for… to…, …may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 3. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如野生动物面临的生存危机和原因以及已经获得的帮助等），正确使用动词不定式谈论一次动物园之旅。 4. 综合运用话题词汇和语篇结构知识与表达，撰写一篇文章，以建议书的形式提出改善校园生活的建议，体悟学校教育的重要性，塑造优秀的品格。 学习重点 1. 掌握介绍野生动物的基本信息、面临问题及后果、保护野生动物的措施及成效的核心句型及应答； 2. 正确使用动词不定式。 学习难点 1. 介绍野生动物的基本信息、面临问题及后果、保护野生动物的措施及成效； 2. 在语境中准确运用动词不定式。 1. Half a year later, she weighed over 35 kilograms. 半年后，她体重超过了 35 公斤。 【详解】weigh 英 /weɪ/ 美 /weɪ/过去式、过去分词：weighed 现在分词：weighing 名词形式：weight /weɪt/n. 重量 一、动词两大核心用法 用法 1：系动词用法（无被动，表 “体重是……；重达”）结构：主语 + weigh + 数字 + 重量单位 含义：某物 / 某人重量为多少 例句： She weighs 35 kilos. 她重 35 公斤。 The box weighs ten kilograms. 这个箱子重 10 公斤。 用法 2：实义动词（及物），表 “称量；称重”结构：weigh + 人 / 物品 例句： Please weigh the apples. 称一下这些苹果。 The nurse weighed me this morning.护士今早给我称了体重。 二、拓展引申义：权衡，斟酌 weigh sth /weigh up sth 权衡利弊 weigh the pros and cons 权衡利弊 单词 词性 例句 weigh 动词，称重、重达 The baby weighs 6kg. weight 名词，重量 The baby’s weight is 6kg. 对体重提问两种句型（对应 weigh /weight） 一、用动词 weigh 提问（最常用） 句型：How much + do/does/did + 主语 + weigh? 现在时（主语三单）How much does she weigh?她多重？答句：She weighs 35 kilos. 过去时（你原句是 weighed 过去式）How much did she weigh half a year later?半年后她体重多少？ 答：She weighed over 35 kilograms. 主语非三单 How much do you weigh? 你多重？ 二、用名词 weight 提问 句型：What's one's weight? What's her weight? 她体重是多少？答：Her weight is over 35 kg. What's your weight? 你的体重多少？ 【典例】1．He's getting heavier. The doctor told him to himself every morning.（　　） A．connect B．carry C．weigh D．teach 【即练1】The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born.Do you know her ______ now？（　　） A．weighs；weight B．weighed；weight C．weight；weigh D．weighed；weighs 【即练2】—_____did Xi Wang weigh at four months old？（　　） —About eight kilograms． A．How heavy B．How long C．How much D．How many 【即练3】______ does the bag over there weigh？Its ______ is 50 KG.（　　） A．How heavy；weigh B．How heavy；weight C． How much；weight D．How much；weigh 2. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang grow into a big ball of fur. 没有什么比看到希望长 成一个毛茸茸的大球更令人满意的。 【详解】satisfying 英 /ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ/ 美 /ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ/ 一、词性与核心含义 形容词 adj. 令人满意的；让人舒心的；有成就感的。修饰事物 / 事情，主语通常是事、物、行为。 同源词区分（必考辨析） satisfying（物作主语）令人满足的 satisfied（人作主语）感到满足的 be satisfied with sth 对某物 / 某事感到满意I am satisfied with my score.我对自己的分数很满意。 be satisfied to do sth 乐意做某事；做某事感到满足She is satisfied to stay at home with her pet.陪着宠物待在家，她就很满足。 satisfy v. 使满意；满足（需求） satisfaction n. 满足，满意 对比例句 · It’s satisfying to finish homework.写完作业很有成就感。（事令人舒心→satisfying） · I feel satisfied after finishing homework.写完作业我感到很满足。（人感到满足→satisfied） 二、常用固定句型：There is nothing more satisfying than… 含义：没有什么比…… 更让人舒心 / 治愈了（最高级含义，比较级表最高级） 结构解析： nothing + 比较级 = 最高级 more satisfying 更让人满足的 例句： There is nothing more satisfying than reading on rainy days.没有什么比下雨天看书更治愈了。 【典例】The tastes of the food were not good enough to __________ everyone.（　　） A．satisfied B．satisfy C．pleased D．pleasure 【即练1】—Many schools have started the "second﹣hand goods recycling" activity recently. Students donate their old books and stationery to countryside schools. How do people feel about this activity？ —It's really ________ to see children share things and help each other.（　　） A．dangerous B．satisfying C．meaningless D．serious 【即练2】After hours of practice，Lily felt with her progress in playing the piano.（　　） A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy D．satisfaction 【即练3】The more ______ the employees are with their workshop conditions，the more ______their daily tasks seem，leading to higher productivity.（　　） A．satisfied；satisfied B．satisfied；satisfying C．satisfying；satisfying D．satisfying；satisfied 3. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself. 她 20 个月大的时候，就学会了照顾自己。 【详解】learn 英 /lɜːn/ 美 /lɜːrn/ 过去式：learnt（英式） / learned（美式） 过去分词：learnt /learned 现在分词：learning 一、两大核心含义 1. 学习；学会（侧重掌握技能、知识） 固定搭配 1. learn to do sth 学会做某事 When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.她 20 个月大时学会了照顾自己。 2. learn sth 学习某物 learn English 学英语, learn a song 学一首歌 3. learn from sb/sth 向…… 学习；从…… 吸取教训 We should learn from each other. 我们应该互相学习。 2. 得知；听说（= find out） 例：I learnt the news yesterday.我昨天得知了这个消息。 常用短语 1. learn by heart 熟记，背诵 2. learn well 学得好 3. learn quickly 学得快 4. learn by oneself自学 【典例】— Who teaches ________ volleyball？ — Nobody，they learn it by ________.（　　） A． them；themself B． them；them C． their；themselves D． them；themselves 【即练1】You have to learn to 　 　 （pronunciation） this word correctly. 【即练2】We students should learn how 　 　 （protect） ourselves at school. 4 Also, they live mainly on bamboo, but the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. 除此之外，它们主要以竹子为食，然而竹林的面积正变得越来越小。 【详解】mainly英 /ˈmeɪnli/ 美 /ˈmeɪnli/ 副词 adv. 词根变形main (adj. 主要的) + ly → mainly (adv. 主要地；大部分) 一、核心用法 修饰动词、形容词、介词短语，表示 “主要、多半、大部分”。 1. 修饰动词（你原句用法） they live mainly on bamboo mainly 修饰动词 live，译为：主要以竹子为生 例句： People mainly eat rice in the south.南方人主要吃米饭。 2. 修饰名词前的形容词 The shop sells mainly fresh fruit.这家店主要售卖新鲜水果。 3. 放句首，修饰整句话 Mainly, we go there for fun.我们去那儿主要是为了玩乐。 二、同义替换 mostly 大多，主要（日常最通用，和 mainly 几乎可互换） largely 在很大程度上 【典例】Longjing tea is a kind of green tea. It ______ grows in the hills next to Hangzhou's West Lake.（　　） A．early B．mainly C．finally D．recently 【即练1】The giant pandas in this area are doing very well.________ the hard work of the researchers，they ________ a special kind of bamboo.（　　） A．Thanks to；mainly live on B．Thanks for；live mainly on C．Thanks for；mainly live in D．Thanks to；live mainly in 【即练2】In the past，we ________ got information from paper books.（　　） A．seldom B．terribly C．wildly D．mainly 5. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 结果，大熊猫可能会失去栖息地，或是没有足够的食物果腹。 【详解】一、as a result（短语副词，单独使用）含义：因此、结果 用法： 1. 后面加逗号，再接完整句子 2. 只能放在句首 / 句中 / 句末，不能直接接名词 / 短语 结构：完整句子 + . As a result, + 结果句 例句 1. Pandas’ homes are destroyed. As a result, they lack food.熊猫的家园遭到破坏，因此它们缺少食物。 2. He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.他不努力学习，结果考试不及格。 3. The river is polluted. Many fish died as a result.河水被污染，许多鱼因此死去。 二、as a result of（介词短语）含义：由于、因为…… 核心区别：后面必须接名词、代词、动名词 doing 结构：As a result of + 名词 /doing, 主句（表结果） 例句 1. As a result of habitat loss, pandas don’t have enough food.由于栖息地消失，熊猫没有充足食物。 2. As a result of heavy rain, the sports meeting was put off.因为大雨，运动会推迟了。 3. He got ill as a result of staying up late.他因为熬夜生病了。 同义替换 · as a result = therefore /so（连词 / 副词，接句子） · as a result of = because of /due to（介词，接名词） 【典例】Many foreigners share videos about their trips in China.________，we have seen more foreign travelers this spring.（　　） A．As a result B．For example C．In a word D．By accident 【即练1】I take good care of the classroom plant every day.______，it grows strong.（　　） A． As a result B．In fact C． For example D．At first 【即练2】Tom got a high mark in the math exam hard work.（　　） A．as a result B．because C．as a result of D．which resulted in 【即练3】 working hard，Tom won first place in the exam.（　　） A．As a result of B．Including C．Instead of D．Aside from 5.Thanks to all the efforts, the number of giant pandas is increasing. 多亏了各方的努力，大熊猫的数量正在不断增加。 【详解】1. the number of含义：…… 的数量 后面接可数名词复数，但主语核心是 number（数字），谓语动词用单数 结构：the number of + 名词复数 + 动词单数 例句： The number of giant pandas is increasing.大熊猫的数量正在增长。 2.a number of含义：许多，大量 = many 后面接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数 结构：a number of + 名词复数 + 动词复数 例句： A number of giant pandas live in Sichuan.许多大熊猫生活在四川。 【典例】—Sam，do you know if Alice ________ to my party next week？ —I think she will come if she ________.（　　） A．will come；will have time B．will come；has time C．comes；will have time D．comes；has time 【答案】B 【详解】come来，动词。分析句子可知，第一空为if引导的宾语从句，根据时间状语"next week"可知，从句应用一般将来时will come；第二空为if引导条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现"原则，主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用has。 故选：B。 【即练1】—How many students are in the classroom？ —______ them ______ forty.（　　） A．The number of；are B．A number of；are C．The number of；is D．A number of；is 【即练2】The number of the trees around my village is getting .（　　） A．larger and larger B．higher and higher C．more and more D．less and less 【即练3】The number of foreign tourists visiting Tianshui during the May Day holiday increasing every year.（　　） A．were B．are C．is D．be 7. A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree. 几分钟后，他决定爬上一棵树。 【详解】主语 + 动词 + to do sth. to do 叫动词不定式，to + 动词原形，放在部分动词后面作宾语。 二、核心含义 前面动词表达 “打算、决定、想要、希望、计划” 等，后面用 to do 说明要去做的事，动作还没发生。 三、常考必背动词（后只加 to do，不加 doing） 1. decide to do 决定做 He decided to climb a tree. 他决定爬树。 2. want to do 想要做 3. hope to do 希望做 4. plan to do 计划做 5. wish to do 希望做 6. learn to do 学习做 7. try to do 尽力做 8. agree to do 同意做 9. choose to do 选择做 10. refuse to do 拒绝做 11. promise to do 承诺做 12. offer to do 主动提出做 例句： She hopes to see pandas. 她希望看见熊猫。 They plan to protect wild animals. 他们计划保护野生动物。 四、否定形式：动词 + not to do decide not to do 决定不做 want not to do 不想做 He decided not to go out. 他决定不出去。 【典例】—Amy，don't forget your mask （口罩） when you go out. —Don't worry，mom. I will.（　　） A．wear B．wears C．to wear D．wearing 【即练1】The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree it.（　　） A．sell B．sells C．sold D．to sell 【即练2】Today is Father's Day，and I plan______a dinner for my father.（　　） A． to prepare B． preparing C． prepared D． prepare 8. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. 我们准备各种各样的食物，为了给她提供健康的饮食。 【详解】不定式 to do 表目的 一、基本含义 to do 放在句子后，用来表示前面动作的目的，翻译：为了……、用来…… 基础结构:主语 + 谓语 + 其他，to do sth. 例句： I get up early to catch the bus.我早起，为了赶公交。 二、两种句式位置 1. 放句末（最常用） He climbs trees to look for food.他爬树去找食物。 2. 放句首，加强语气，后面加逗号 To look for food, he climbs trees.为了寻找食物，他爬上树。 三、否定形式：not to do（为了不……） He walked quietly not to wake the panda.他轻手轻脚走路，为了不吵醒熊猫。 四、拓展：in order to /so as to（同样表目的） 三者都 + 动词原形，区别： 1. to do 最简单，书面口语通用 2. in order to do 可放句首、句末，正式作文优选 3. so as to do 只能放句末，不能放句首 例句： In order to protect pandas, people plant more bamboo.（句首可用） People plant more bamboo so as to protect pandas.（只能句末） 【典例】—Why do we need to cover our face and nose with a wet towel when there's a fire？ — ourselves from heavy smoke.（　　） A．To protect B．Protect C．Protecting D．Protected 【即练1】 the environment，many people begin to ride a bicycle to work instead of driving a car.（　　） A． Protect B． Protects C． To protect D． Protecting 【即练2】______ more about rare wild animals，I spent some time searching online last night.（　　） A． To learn B． Learning C．Learned D．Learn 9. I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. 我看见一只幼狮待在妈妈身旁以求保护。 【详解】 结构 1：动词 + 宾语 + to do（带 to 不定式） 结构 2：动词 + 宾语 + do（不带 to，省略 to） 二、第一类：必须加 to do（v. + sb. + to do） 常考动词： want, ask, tell, order, invite, allow, encourage, wish, expect, help（可省 to） 例句 1. I want you to stay. 我想让你留下。 2. The mother lion tells the cub to hide. 母狮告诉幼崽藏起来。 否定：v.+sb.+not to do He asked me not to run fast. 三、第二类：主动语态省略 to，只用 do（v.+sb.+do） 1. 感官动词五看三听一感觉 五看：see, watch, look at, notice, observe 三听：hear, listen to 一感觉：feel 含义：看见 / 听见 / 感觉到某人做完整个动作、经常性动作 例句 I saw the baby lion stay near mum. saw + 宾语 + stay（原形，无 to） 对比进行：doing（正在做） I saw the lion staying near mum.（当时正待在旁边） 2. 使役动词三让：make, let, have · make sb. do 迫使 / 让某人做 · let sb. do 允许、任由某人做 · have sb. do 叫 / 让某人做 例句： Mum lion makes the cub learn to hunt.母狮让幼崽学习捕猎。 四、被动语态要还原 to 上面省 to 的动词，改成被动时，to 必须加回来 主动：We saw him run. 被动：He was seen to run. 主动：They made me work. 被动：I was made to work. 五、特殊词 help 两用法都可以 help sb. do = help sb. to do（to 可加可省） I help the cub (to) find food. 动词类型 主动结构 被动结构 want/ask/tell 等 v. sb. to do sb. be wanted/told to do（始终带 to） see/watch/hear/make/let/have v. sb. do（无 to） sb. be seen/made to do（还原 to） help help sb. (to) do sb. be helped to do 【典例】I often see my brother soccer with his friends on weekends.（　　） A．play B．to play C．plays 【即练1】—I worked in an old people's home last summer． —Oh，what did they ask you_________ out with？（　　） A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【即练2】—Miss Li，can you tell me how to improve my writing skills？ —Certainly. I advise you ________ a diary in English every day.（　　） A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keep 【即练3】Let Jack _____those boxes down for you.（　　） A． get B． gets C．getting D．to get 10. Now it is against the law to hunt us, but we are still at risk. 现在猎杀我们是违法的，但我们依旧身处危险之中。 【详解】risk 一、词性 1：名词 n. /rɪsk/ 危险，风险 核心搭配 1. at risk 处于危险中（你原句短语） We are still at risk. 我们仍然身处险境。 同义：in danger 2. at the risk of… 冒着…… 的风险 He saved the panda at the risk of his own life.他冒着生命危险救下熊猫。 3. take risks / take a risk 冒险 Don’t take risks when you meet wild animals.遇到野生动物不要冒险。 4. the risk of (doing) sth. …… 的风险 the risk of losing homes 失去栖息地的风险 例句 There is a high risk of starvation for pandas.大熊猫面临很高的挨饿风险。 二、词性 2：动词 v. /rɪsk/ 冒险；冒失去…… 的风险 固定用法：risk doing sth. ⚠️ 重点考点：risk 后面只能加动名词 doing，不能加 to do 1. risk losing everything 冒着失去一切的风险 2. risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 例句： Hunters risk going to jail to hunt rare animals.猎人为捕猎珍稀动物不惜冒着坐牢的风险。 三、形容词 risky /ˈrɪski/ 危险的，有风险的 It’s risky to get close to wild lions.靠近野生狮子很危险。 【典例】They were at ______ of getting lost in the forest because they forgot to take a map.（　　） A．rest B．called C． peace D．risk 【即练1】—It's dangerous to drive after drinking. —That's true. It can increase the ________ of traffic accidents （交通事故）. （　　） A．reason B．method C．safety D．risk 【即练2】—Jack saved my life at the of his own. —How great he is! In fact，he isn't good at swimming.（　　） A．sale B．risk C．start D．moment 11. Please stop using our horns for your own needs. 请不要再为满足你们自身的需求而取走我们的角。 【详解】stop doing sth. 含义：停止正在做的事 doing 是正在进行的动作，把这件事停下来。 结构：stop + 动名词（doing） 例句： Please stop using our horns.请停止取用我们的角。 Stop talking. 别说话了。 He stopped driving. 他停下开车（不再开了）。 2. stop to do sth.含义：停下手中事，去做另一件新事 to do 是要去做的新动作。 结构：stop + 不定式（to do） 例句： He stopped to rest.他停下手里的事，去休息一会儿。 She stopped to look at the pandas.她停下来去看大熊猫。 【典例】Stop ，please. I have something important you.（　　） A．to talk；to tell B．to talk；telling C．talking；telling D．talking；to tell 【即练1】We can't live in the world ______ trees，so we must stop ______ down trees.（　　） A．with；to cut B．without；to cut C．without；cutting D．with；cutting 【即练2】— I really like this video game，mum. Why must I stop playing it？ — For your health，my dear. You ________ go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes.（　　） A．could B．couldn't C．should D．shouldn't 一、单项选择 1．—What's your favourite animal？ —It's the ______.It has broad wings and can fly high.（　　） A．fox B．giraffe C．whale D．eagle 2．—Why do we need to cover our face and nose with a wet towel when there's a fire？ — ourselves from heavy smoke.（　　） A．To protect B．Protect C．Protecting D．Protected 3．The boy didn't take the coat with him on a cold night.______，he caught a cold. （　　） A．For example B．In fact C．Because of D．As a result 4．The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born. Do you know her ______ now？（　　） A．weighs；weight B．weighed；weight C．weight；weigh D．weighed；weighs 5．—Our English teacher asks us ______ English every day. —So my mother made me ______ the English text for half an hour yesterday evening.（　　） A．read；to read B．to read；to read C． to read；read D．read；reading 6．—Wearing goggles （护目镜） when you are swimming. It's a good way to ________ your eyes from being injured. —OK. Mom.（　　） A． protect B．hold C．save D．stop 7．—________ is the bag of rice？ —It's five kilos，I think.（　　） A．How many B．How much C．How heavy D．How long 8．Usually，______ is difficult______ a boy of five years old to dress himself.（　　） A．that；for B．that；of C．it；for D．it；of 9．The habit of using earphones to listen to music may put your hearing______.So remember not to do that for a long time. （　　） A．at risk B．in trouble C．under control D．for fun 10．—Safety comes first !Everyone should stop the kids from ______in the lake or river. —Life is valuable. Kids must remember ______the school rules.（　　） A．swim；to follow B．swim；following C．swimming；following D．swimming；to follow 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1． It is surprising for us to know that 　 　 （wolf） are afraid of humans. 2．The earth is 　 　 made of iron and silicon and things like that.（main） 3．My teacher always encourages me 　 　 （stick） to my dream whenever I want to give up. 4．The number of swimmers here 　 　 （increase） quickly because it's very hot these days. 5．He decided 　 　 （not order） dishes at that restaurant. 6．Every summer，schools all over China warn students 　 　 （not swim） in rivers. 7．—What's your favourite animal？ —I like squirrels 　 　 （well）. 8． We want everybody to know the importance of animal 　 　 （protect）. 9．Don't always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to 　 　 （ill）. 10．There's nothing 　 　 （satisfy）than creating something of lasting value. 三、阅读理解 Like people，animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest. Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead（前方） far into the sea when they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouth when they are ready to sleep. Then there's a bubble around them. The bubble protects them when they sleep. Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks sleep curled up （蜷缩） in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter，they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored （储存的） food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot and dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months. High above the ground，monkeys find leafy（叶茂的） places in trees m each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning，it is also ready for work. （1）What animals blow bubbles when they sleep？ A.Sea otters. B.Monkeys. C.Desert frogs. D.Parrotfish. （2）What do we know about chipmunks according to the text？ A.They rest with their eyes open. B.They never sleep curled up in a ball. C.They wake up about every 2 weeks in winter. D.They don't eat any food during the whole winter. （3）What is the structure（结构） of the text？ （Paragraph 1＝ ①） A. B. C. D. （4）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？ A.Forests where monkeys can sleep safely. B.The animals that sleep above the ground. C.The ways that keep animals away from danger. D.The reason why bees climb down into flowers. 四、任务型阅读 The sun bear is the smallest bear，with a body length of 48 to 60 inches. Sun bears prefer rainforests. They are believed to sleep in trees. The sun bear is not a big meat﹣eater. The sun bear often uses its long tongue（舌头） for eating termites（白蚁）. The name sun bear comes from the pale circle on its chest （胸膛）.They have short，black fur with a golden or white horseshoe shape on their chest. It is also known as "honey bear" because of its love for the sweet food. With only 600 to 1，000 left in the wild in the rainforests of South Asia，it is in danger. People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bear lives are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears. So the sun bear needs our help. （1）What's the sun bear？ 　 　 （2）Where does the sun bear sleep？ 　 　 （3）How does the sun bear eat？ 　 　 （4）Why people call it sun bear？ 　 　 （5）What may the next part of the passage talk about？ 　 　 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第05讲 Unit 5 Wild animals （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 能识别并朗读与介绍野生动物相关的词汇。 2. 能理解表达对于野生动物问题、后果等的核心句型：如It is difficult for… to…, …may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 3. 能在听力活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如野生动物面临的生存危机和原因以及已经获得的帮助等），正确使用动词不定式谈论一次动物园之旅。 4. 综合运用话题词汇和语篇结构知识与表达，撰写一篇文章，以建议书的形式提出改善校园生活的建议，体悟学校教育的重要性，塑造优秀的品格。 学习重点 1. 掌握介绍野生动物的基本信息、面临问题及后果、保护野生动物的措施及成效的核心句型及应答； 2. 正确使用动词不定式。 学习难点 1. 介绍野生动物的基本信息、面临问题及后果、保护野生动物的措施及成效； 2. 在语境中准确运用动词不定式。 1. Half a year later, she weighed over 35 kilograms. 半年后，她体重超过了 35 公斤。 【详解】weigh 英 /weɪ/ 美 /weɪ/过去式、过去分词：weighed 现在分词：weighing 名词形式：weight /weɪt/n. 重量 一、动词两大核心用法 用法 1：系动词用法（无被动，表 “体重是……；重达”）结构：主语 + weigh + 数字 + 重量单位 含义：某物 / 某人重量为多少 例句： She weighs 35 kilos. 她重 35 公斤。 The box weighs ten kilograms. 这个箱子重 10 公斤。 用法 2：实义动词（及物），表 “称量；称重”结构：weigh + 人 / 物品 例句： Please weigh the apples. 称一下这些苹果。 The nurse weighed me this morning.护士今早给我称了体重。 二、拓展引申义：权衡，斟酌 weigh sth /weigh up sth 权衡利弊 weigh the pros and cons 权衡利弊 单词 词性 例句 weigh 动词，称重、重达 The baby weighs 6kg. weight 名词，重量 The baby’s weight is 6kg. 对体重提问两种句型（对应 weigh /weight） 一、用动词 weigh 提问（最常用） 句型：How much + do/does/did + 主语 + weigh? 现在时（主语三单）How much does she weigh?她多重？答句：She weighs 35 kilos. 过去时（你原句是 weighed 过去式）How much did she weigh half a year later?半年后她体重多少？ 答：She weighed over 35 kilograms. 主语非三单 How much do you weigh? 你多重？ 二、用名词 weight 提问 句型：What's one's weight? What's her weight? 她体重是多少？答：Her weight is over 35 kg. What's your weight? 你的体重多少？ 【典例】1．He's getting heavier. The doctor told him to himself every morning.（　　） A．connect B．carry C．weigh D．teach 【答案】C 【解答】A．连接；B．搬运；C．称重；D．教学。根据He's getting heavier.（他越来越重了。）可知，此处是医生告诉他每天早上要称一下自己的体重。 故选：C。 【即练1】The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born.Do you know her ______ now？（　　） A．weighs；weight B．weighed；weight C．weight；weigh D．weighed；weighs 【答案】B 【解答】weigh称重，动词；weight重量，名词。根据The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born.（这个婴儿出生时.......3公斤。）可知第一空需用一般过去时，且缺少谓语动词，排除A和C选项。根据her可知第二空缺少名词，排除D选项。 故选：B。 【即练2】—_____did Xi Wang weigh at four months old？（　　） —About eight kilograms． A．How heavy B．How long C．How much D．How many 【答案】C 【解答】答案：C． how long多久，how heavy多重，how many多少，提问可数名词数量；how much多少，询问不可数名词的数量，根据About eight kilograms，这里应该询问体重，询问体重时如果用动词weigh的话，要用how much询问．故选C． 【即练3】______ does the bag over there weigh？Its ______ is 50 KG.（　　） A．How heavy；weigh B．How heavy；weight C． How much；weight D．How much；weigh 【答案】C 【解答】How heavy（多重），询问物体的重量，用系动词be，此句中有实义动词weigh和助动词does，要用how much，how much通常用于询问价格或数量的多少，排除选项A和B。在第二个空中，weight是名词，意为"重量"，句子中"Its（它的）"后需接名词作表语；weigh是动词，意为"称重"，不能直接放在形容词性物主代词后，因此排除D。 故选：C。 2. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang grow into a big ball of fur. 没有什么比看到希望长 成一个毛茸茸的大球更令人满意的。 【详解】satisfying 英 /ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ/ 美 /ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ/ 一、词性与核心含义 形容词 adj. 令人满意的；让人舒心的；有成就感的。修饰事物 / 事情，主语通常是事、物、行为。 同源词区分（必考辨析） satisfying（物作主语）令人满足的 satisfied（人作主语）感到满足的 be satisfied with sth 对某物 / 某事感到满意I am satisfied with my score.我对自己的分数很满意。 be satisfied to do sth 乐意做某事；做某事感到满足She is satisfied to stay at home with her pet.陪着宠物待在家，她就很满足。 satisfy v. 使满意；满足（需求） satisfaction n. 满足，满意 对比例句 · It’s satisfying to finish homework.写完作业很有成就感。（事令人舒心→satisfying） · I feel satisfied after finishing homework.写完作业我感到很满足。（人感到满足→satisfied） 二、常用固定句型：There is nothing more satisfying than… 含义：没有什么比…… 更让人舒心 / 治愈了（最高级含义，比较级表最高级） 结构解析： nothing + 比较级 = 最高级 more satisfying 更让人满足的 例句： There is nothing more satisfying than reading on rainy days.没有什么比下雨天看书更治愈了。 【典例】The tastes of the food were not good enough to __________ everyone.（　　） A．satisfied B．satisfy C．pleased D．pleasure 【答案】B 【解答】satisfied满意的，形容词；satisfy使满意，动词；pleased高兴的，形容词；pleasure高兴，名词。enough to do sth"足够……做某事"，此处应用动词原形。 故选：B。 【即练1】—Many schools have started the "second﹣hand goods recycling" activity recently. Students donate their old books and stationery to countryside schools. How do people feel about this activity？ —It's really ________ to see children share things and help each other.（　　） A．dangerous B．satisfying C．meaningless D．serious 【答案】B 【解答】dangerous危险的；satisfying令人满意的；meaningless毫无意义的；serious严肃的、严重的。题干描述的是公益捐赠、分享互助的积极活动，因此需要填入一个正面情感的形容词。"satisfying"强调 "带来满足感、令人欣慰"，完美契合看到孩子践行善意时的感受。其他选项均为负面或中性偏严肃的词汇，与公益活动的温暖氛围不匹配。 故选：B。 【即练2】After hours of practice，Lily felt with her progress in playing the piano.（　　） A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy D．satisfaction 【答案】A 【解答】A.满意的；B.令人满意的；C.使……满足；D.满足感。根据her progress（她的进步）可知，此处是莉莉对自己的钢琴进步感到满意。feel satisfied with...对……感到满意。 故选：A。 【即练3】The more ______ the employees are with their workshop conditions，the more ______their daily tasks seem，leading to higher productivity.（　　） A．satisfied；satisfied B．satisfied；satisfying C．satisfying；satisfying D．satisfying；satisfied 【答案】B 【解答】satisfied感到满意的，描述人的感受；常用结构为"be satisfied with"，表示"（人）对……感到满意的"；satisfying是形容词，用来修饰事物，表示"令人满意的，使人满足的"，描述事物的性质。在本题第一个空，主语是"employees（员工）"，描述员工的感受，应使用"satisfied"，构成"be satisfied with（对……满意）"的固定搭配；第二个空修饰"their daily tasks（日常任务）"，描述任务具有令人满意的性质，应使用"satisfying"。 故选：B。 3. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself. 她 20 个月大的时候，就学会了照顾自己。 【详解】learn 英 /lɜːn/ 美 /lɜːrn/ 过去式：learnt（英式） / learned（美式） 过去分词：learnt /learned 现在分词：learning 一、两大核心含义 1. 学习；学会（侧重掌握技能、知识） 固定搭配 1. learn to do sth 学会做某事 When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself.她 20 个月大时学会了照顾自己。 2. learn sth 学习某物 learn English 学英语, learn a song 学一首歌 3. learn from sb/sth 向…… 学习；从…… 吸取教训 We should learn from each other. 我们应该互相学习。 2. 得知；听说（= find out） 例：I learnt the news yesterday.我昨天得知了这个消息。 常用短语 1. learn by heart 熟记，背诵 2. learn well 学得好 3. learn quickly 学得快 4. learn by oneself自学 【典例】— Who teaches ________ volleyball？ — Nobody，they learn it by ________.（　　） A． them；themself B． them；them C． their；themselves D． them；themselves 【答案】D 【解答】them他们，代词宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。第一空作动词teaches的宾语，需用宾格代词them（他们）；第二空表示"他们自己"，且by oneself是固定搭配，主语they对应反身代词themselves。 故选：D。 【即练1】You have to learn to 　 　 （pronunciation） this word correctly. 【答案】pronounce 【解答】pronunciation发音，名词。learn to do sth"学习做某事"，固定搭配，用动词原形pronounce"发音"。 故答案为：pronounce。 【即练2】We students should learn how 　 　 （protect） ourselves at school. 【答案】to protect 【解答】protect保护，动词。观察可知题干中使用了"疑问词+动词不定式"结构作宾语的结构（how to protect如何保护）。 故填：to protect。 4 Also, they live mainly on bamboo, but the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. 除此之外，它们主要以竹子为食，然而竹林的面积正变得越来越小。 【详解】mainly英 /ˈmeɪnli/ 美 /ˈmeɪnli/ 副词 adv. 词根变形main (adj. 主要的) + ly → mainly (adv. 主要地；大部分) 一、核心用法 修饰动词、形容词、介词短语，表示 “主要、多半、大部分”。 1. 修饰动词（你原句用法） they live mainly on bamboo mainly 修饰动词 live，译为：主要以竹子为生 例句： People mainly eat rice in the south.南方人主要吃米饭。 2. 修饰名词前的形容词 The shop sells mainly fresh fruit.这家店主要售卖新鲜水果。 3. 放句首，修饰整句话 Mainly, we go there for fun.我们去那儿主要是为了玩乐。 二、同义替换 mostly 大多，主要（日常最通用，和 mainly 几乎可互换） largely 在很大程度上 【典例】Longjing tea is a kind of green tea. It ______ grows in the hills next to Hangzhou's West Lake.（　　） A．early B．mainly C．finally D．recently 【答案】B 【解答】early提前；mainly主要地；finally最终；recently最近。根据"It…grows in the hills next to Hangzhou's West Lake."（它……生长在杭州西湖附近的山上。）以及常识可知，龙井茶的核心产区是西湖周边山区，mainly符合。 故选：B。 【即练1】The giant pandas in this area are doing very well.________ the hard work of the researchers，they ________ a special kind of bamboo.（　　） A．Thanks to；mainly live on B．Thanks for；live mainly on C．Thanks for；mainly live in D．Thanks to；live mainly in 【答案】A 【解答】Thanks to由于、多亏，mainly live on主要以……为食；Thanks for感谢，live mainly on主要以……为食；mainly live in主要居住在……；live mainly in主要居住在……。根据句意可知，大熊猫过得好是由于研究人员的辛勤工作，表示原因，第一空用"thanks to"；根据句意可知，此处指熊猫主要以竹子为食，第二空用"mainly live on"。 故选：A。 【即练2】In the past，we ________ got information from paper books.（　　） A．seldom B．terribly C．wildly D．mainly 【答案】D 【解答】seldom很少；terribly可怕地；wildly疯狂地；mainly主要地。根据In the past，we ________ got information from paper books（在过去，我们......从纸质书籍中获取信息）可知，过去纸质书籍是"主要"信息来源。 故选：D。 5. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 结果，大熊猫可能会失去栖息地，或是没有足够的食物果腹。 【详解】一、as a result（短语副词，单独使用）含义：因此、结果 用法： 1. 后面加逗号，再接完整句子 2. 只能放在句首 / 句中 / 句末，不能直接接名词 / 短语 结构：完整句子 + . As a result, + 结果句 例句 1. Pandas’ homes are destroyed. As a result, they lack food.熊猫的家园遭到破坏，因此它们缺少食物。 2. He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.他不努力学习，结果考试不及格。 3. The river is polluted. Many fish died as a result.河水被污染，许多鱼因此死去。 二、as a result of（介词短语）含义：由于、因为…… 核心区别：后面必须接名词、代词、动名词 doing 结构：As a result of + 名词 /doing, 主句（表结果） 例句 1. As a result of habitat loss, pandas don’t have enough food.由于栖息地消失，熊猫没有充足食物。 2. As a result of heavy rain, the sports meeting was put off.因为大雨，运动会推迟了。 3. He got ill as a result of staying up late.他因为熬夜生病了。 同义替换 · as a result = therefore /so（连词 / 副词，接句子） · as a result of = because of /due to（介词，接名词） 【典例】Many foreigners share videos about their trips in China.________，we have seen more foreign travelers this spring.（　　） A．As a result B．For example C．In a word D．By accident 【答案】A 【解答】As a result因此；For example例如；In a word总而言之；By accident偶然地。根据"share videos about their trips in China"和"have seen more foreign travelers"可知，更多的外国游客因为看了中国旅行的视频而来中国旅游，前句"分享视频"是原因，后句"看到更多游客"是结果，空缺处需填入表示因果关系的连接语As a result。 故选：A。 【即练1】I take good care of the classroom plant every day.______，it grows strong.（　　） A． As a result B．In fact C． For example D．At first 【答案】A 【解答】As a result结果；In fact事实上；For example例如；At first首先。根据前面句意"我每天都精心照料教室里的植物"和选项提示可知，后面句意为"结果，它长得很壮"，要选"结果"，其它选项语意不通。 故选：A。 【即练2】Tom got a high mark in the math exam hard work.（　　） A．as a result B．because C．as a result of D．which resulted in 【答案】C 【解答】as a result结果；because因为；as a result of由于；which resulted in导致。根据前面句意"汤姆在数学考试中得了高分"可知，后面意思为"由于努力学习"，要填"由于"，其它选项语意不通。 故选：C。 【即练3】 working hard，Tom won first place in the exam.（　　） A．As a result of B．Including C．Instead of D．Aside from 【答案】A 【解答】As a result of由于；Including包括；Instead of代替，而不是；Aside from除……之外。根据Tom won first place in the exam.（汤姆在考试中赢得了第一名。）可知，此处是说"由于努力学习，汤姆在考试中赢得了第一名。" 故选：A。 5.Thanks to all the efforts, the number of giant pandas is increasing. 多亏了各方的努力，大熊猫的数量正在不断增加。 【详解】1. the number of含义：…… 的数量 后面接可数名词复数，但主语核心是 number（数字），谓语动词用单数 结构：the number of + 名词复数 + 动词单数 例句： The number of giant pandas is increasing.大熊猫的数量正在增长。 2.a number of含义：许多，大量 = many 后面接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数 结构：a number of + 名词复数 + 动词复数 例句： A number of giant pandas live in Sichuan.许多大熊猫生活在四川。 【典例】—Sam，do you know if Alice ________ to my party next week？ —I think she will come if she ________.（　　） A．will come；will have time B．will come；has time C．comes；will have time D．comes；has time 【答案】B 【详解】come来，动词。分析句子可知，第一空为if引导的宾语从句，根据时间状语"next week"可知，从句应用一般将来时will come；第二空为if引导条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现"原则，主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用has。 故选：B。 【即练1】—How many students are in the classroom？ —______ them ______ forty.（　　） A．The number of；are B．A number of；are C．The number of；is D．A number of；is 【答案】C 【解答】The number of......的数量；A number of很多，都是固定短语。is和are都是系动词。根据前句句意"教室里有多少个学生"可知，要回答"他们的数量是四十"，前空要填"......的数量"；教室里的学生数是一个数字，主语是第三人称单数，系动词用is。 故选：C。 【即练2】The number of the trees around my village is getting .（　　） A．larger and larger B．higher and higher C．more and more D．less and less 【答案】A 【解答】larger and larger越来越大；higher and higher越来越高；more and more越来越多；less and less越来越少。"the number of"意为"……的数量"，表示数量的多少用large和small。 故选：A。 【即练3】The number of foreign tourists visiting Tianshui during the May Day holiday increasing every year.（　　） A．were B．are C．is D．be 【答案】C 【解答】were是，are的过去式；are是，一般现在时；is是，一般现在时；be是，动词原形。由"every year"可知，使用一般现在时；the number of意为"……的数量"，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，应填is。 故选：C。 7. A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree. 几分钟后，他决定爬上一棵树。 【详解】主语 + 动词 + to do sth. to do 叫动词不定式，to + 动词原形，放在部分动词后面作宾语。 二、核心含义 前面动词表达 “打算、决定、想要、希望、计划” 等，后面用 to do 说明要去做的事，动作还没发生。 三、常考必背动词（后只加 to do，不加 doing） 1. decide to do 决定做 He decided to climb a tree. 他决定爬树。 2. want to do 想要做 3. hope to do 希望做 4. plan to do 计划做 5. wish to do 希望做 6. learn to do 学习做 7. try to do 尽力做 8. agree to do 同意做 9. choose to do 选择做 10. refuse to do 拒绝做 11. promise to do 承诺做 12. offer to do 主动提出做 例句： She hopes to see pandas. 她希望看见熊猫。 They plan to protect wild animals. 他们计划保护野生动物。 四、否定形式：动词 + not to do decide not to do 决定不做 want not to do 不想做 He decided not to go out. 他决定不出去。 【典例】—Amy，don't forget your mask （口罩） when you go out. —Don't worry，mom. I will.（　　） A．wear B．wears C．to wear D．wearing 【答案】C 【解答】wear戴，动词原形；wears第三人称单数形式；to wear不定式；wearing动名词/现在分词。forget to do sth忘记做某事，还没做；forget doing sth忘记做过某事。这里表示"你出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。"用不定式to wear。 故选：C。 【即练1】The painting is really valuable to him. He will never agree it.（　　） A．sell B．sells C．sold D．to sell 【答案】D 【解答】固定短语agree to do sth同意做某事。 故选：D。 【即练2】Today is Father's Day，and I plan______a dinner for my father.（　　） A． to prepare B． preparing C． prepared D． prepare 【答案】A 【解答】to prepare准备，不定式；preparing准备，现在分词；prepared准备，过去式；prepare准备，动词原形。plan to do sth为固定搭配，表示"计划做某事"，可知此处应用不定式to prepare。 故选：A。 8. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. 我们准备各种各样的食物，为了给她提供健康的饮食。 【详解】不定式 to do 表目的 一、基本含义 to do 放在句子后，用来表示前面动作的目的，翻译：为了……、用来…… 基础结构:主语 + 谓语 + 其他，to do sth. 例句： I get up early to catch the bus.我早起，为了赶公交。 二、两种句式位置 1. 放句末（最常用） He climbs trees to look for food.他爬树去找食物。 2. 放句首，加强语气，后面加逗号 To look for food, he climbs trees.为了寻找食物，他爬上树。 三、否定形式：not to do（为了不……） He walked quietly not to wake the panda.他轻手轻脚走路，为了不吵醒熊猫。 四、拓展：in order to /so as to（同样表目的） 三者都 + 动词原形，区别： 1. to do 最简单，书面口语通用 2. in order to do 可放句首、句末，正式作文优选 3. so as to do 只能放句末，不能放句首 例句： In order to protect pandas, people plant more bamboo.（句首可用） People plant more bamboo so as to protect pandas.（只能句末） 【典例】—Why do we need to cover our face and nose with a wet towel when there's a fire？ — ourselves from heavy smoke.（　　） A．To protect B．Protect C．Protecting D．Protected 【答案】A 【解答】To protect是动词不定式；Protect是动词原形；Protecting是动名词和现在分词；Protected是过去式和过去分词。根据前句句意"为什么在火灾时我们需要用湿毛巾遮住脸和鼻子"和选项提示可知，后句句意为"为了保护自己免受浓烟的伤害"，要用动词不定式作目的状语，其它选项语意不通，也不符合语法。 故选：A。 【即练1】 the environment，many people begin to ride a bicycle to work instead of driving a car.（　　） A． Protect B． Protects C． To protect D． Protecting 【答案】C 【解答】protect保护。选项A是动词原形；选项B是第三人称单数形式；选项C是动词不定式；选项D是动名词。根据观察可知题干使用了动词不定式作目的状语的用法，本题答案是C。 故选：C。 【即练2】______ more about rare wild animals，I spent some time searching online last night.（　　） A． To learn B． Learning C．Learned D．Learn 【答案】A 【解答】learn，动词，学习。选项A是动词不定式；选项B是动名词或现在分词；选项C是过去式或过去分词；选项D是动词原形。分析结构和句意可知题干使用了动词不定式作目的状语（昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索的目的是更多了解有关稀有野生动物的知识）。 故选：A。 9. I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. 我看见一只幼狮待在妈妈身旁以求保护。 【详解】 结构 1：动词 + 宾语 + to do（带 to 不定式） 结构 2：动词 + 宾语 + do（不带 to，省略 to） 二、第一类：必须加 to do（v. + sb. + to do） 常考动词： want, ask, tell, order, invite, allow, encourage, wish, expect, help（可省 to） 例句 1. I want you to stay. 我想让你留下。 2. The mother lion tells the cub to hide. 母狮告诉幼崽藏起来。 否定：v.+sb.+not to do He asked me not to run fast. 三、第二类：主动语态省略 to，只用 do（v.+sb.+do） 1. 感官动词五看三听一感觉 五看：see, watch, look at, notice, observe 三听：hear, listen to 一感觉：feel 含义：看见 / 听见 / 感觉到某人做完整个动作、经常性动作 例句 I saw the baby lion stay near mum. saw + 宾语 + stay（原形，无 to） 对比进行：doing（正在做） I saw the lion staying near mum.（当时正待在旁边） 2. 使役动词三让：make, let, have · make sb. do 迫使 / 让某人做 · let sb. do 允许、任由某人做 · have sb. do 叫 / 让某人做 例句： Mum lion makes the cub learn to hunt.母狮让幼崽学习捕猎。 四、被动语态要还原 to 上面省 to 的动词，改成被动时，to 必须加回来 主动：We saw him run. 被动：He was seen to run. 主动：They made me work. 被动：I was made to work. 五、特殊词 help 两用法都可以 help sb. do = help sb. to do（to 可加可省） I help the cub (to) find food. 动词类型 主动结构 被动结构 want/ask/tell 等 v. sb. to do sb. be wanted/told to do（始终带 to） see/watch/hear/make/let/have v. sb. do（无 to） sb. be seen/made to do（还原 to） help help sb. (to) do sb. be helped to do 【典例】I often see my brother soccer with his friends on weekends.（　　） A．play B．to play C．plays 【答案】A 【解答】see sb do sth表示"看到某人做某事的全过程"，或"看到某人经常做某事"（强调动作的经常性、习惯性）；see sb doing sth表示"看到某人正在做某事"（强调动作正在进行）。题干中有时间状语 often（经常）和on weekends（在周末），说明动作是习惯性的，因此用see sb do sth结构，用动词原形作宾补。to play不符合感官动词后接不定式作宾补的用法；plays是第三人称单数形式，不能直接作 see 的宾补，因此都是错误的。 故选：A。 【即练1】—I worked in an old people's home last summer． —Oh，what did they ask you_________ out with？（　　） A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【解答】help out with帮助解决。选项A是动词原形；选项B是动词不定式；选项C是动词的ing形式；选项D是过去式。根据观察和分析可知题干使用了ask sb to do sth句型，据此可知本题正确答案是B。 故选：B。 【即练2】—Miss Li，can you tell me how to improve my writing skills？ —Certainly. I advise you ________ a diary in English every day.（　　） A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keep 【答案】A 【解答】keep a diary写日记。选项A是动词不定式；选项B是动词的ing形式；选项C是过去式；选项D是动词原形。句中的谓语动词是advise（建议），其用法是advise sb to do sth.（建议某人做某事），因此本题正确答案是A。 故选：A。 【即练3】Let Jack_____those boxes down for you.（　　） A． get B． gets C．getting D．to get 【答案】A 【解答】get拿，第三人称单数形式是gets，现在分词是getting，动词不定式是to get。根据Let Jack...（让杰克...）可知，let为使役动词，此处为固定搭配let sb.do sth.，意为"让某人做某事"。 故选：A。 10. Now it is against the law to hunt us, but we are still at risk. 现在猎杀我们是违法的，但我们依旧身处危险之中。 【详解】risk 一、词性 1：名词 n. /rɪsk/ 危险，风险 核心搭配 1. at risk 处于危险中（你原句短语） We are still at risk. 我们仍然身处险境。 同义：in danger 2. at the risk of… 冒着…… 的风险 He saved the panda at the risk of his own life.他冒着生命危险救下熊猫。 3. take risks / take a risk 冒险 Don’t take risks when you meet wild animals.遇到野生动物不要冒险。 4. the risk of (doing) sth. …… 的风险 the risk of losing homes 失去栖息地的风险 例句 There is a high risk of starvation for pandas.大熊猫面临很高的挨饿风险。 二、词性 2：动词 v. /rɪsk/ 冒险；冒失去…… 的风险 固定用法：risk doing sth. ⚠️ 重点考点：risk 后面只能加动名词 doing，不能加 to do 1. risk losing everything 冒着失去一切的风险 2. risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 例句： Hunters risk going to jail to hunt rare animals.猎人为捕猎珍稀动物不惜冒着坐牢的风险。 三、形容词 risky /ˈrɪski/ 危险的，有风险的 It’s risky to get close to wild lions.靠近野生狮子很危险。 【典例】They were at ______ of getting lost in the forest because they forgot to take a map.（　　） A．rest B．called C． peace D．risk 【答案】D 【解答】rest休息；called称为；peace和平；risk风险。根据"because they forgot to take a map"（因为他们忘记带地图了。）可知，没带地图在森林里容易迷路，处于危险中，at risk of意为"冒着……的风险"，所以选risk。 故选：D。 【即练1】—It's dangerous to drive after drinking. —That's true. It can increase the ________ of traffic accidents （交通事故）. （　　） A．reason B．method C．safety D．risk 【答案】D 【解答】reason原因；method方法；safety安全；risk风险。根据"It's dangerous to drive after drinking."（这会增加交通事故的风险。）可知，酒后驾车会增加交通事故的风险。 故选：D。 【即练2】—Jack saved my life at the of his own. —How great he is! In fact，he isn't good at swimming.（　　） A．sale B．risk C．start D．moment 【答案】B 【解答】A出售；B冒险；C开始；D时刻；根据所给名词词义以及语境可知：杰克冒着生命危险救了我的命。此时at the risk of...是一个固定搭配，意思是"冒……的风险"。 故选：B。 11. Please stop using our horns for your own needs. 请不要再为满足你们自身的需求而取走我们的角。 【详解】stop doing sth. 含义：停止正在做的事 doing 是正在进行的动作，把这件事停下来。 结构：stop + 动名词（doing） 例句： Please stop using our horns.请停止取用我们的角。 Stop talking. 别说话了。 He stopped driving. 他停下开车（不再开了）。 2. stop to do sth.含义：停下手中事，去做另一件新事 to do 是要去做的新动作。 结构：stop + 不定式（to do） 例句： He stopped to rest.他停下手里的事，去休息一会儿。 She stopped to look at the pandas.她停下来去看大熊猫。 【典例】Stop ，please. I have something important you.（　　） A．to talk；to tell B．to talk；telling C．talking；telling D．talking；to tell 【答案】D 【解答】talk谈话，动词；tell告诉，动词。stop to do sth停下来去做另一件事；stop doing sth停止做某事。根据句意可知此处应填talking，表示停止谈话；第二个空格填to tell you，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰something。 故选：D。 【即练1】We can't live in the world ______ trees，so we must stop ______ down trees.（　　） A．with；to cut B．without；to cut C．without；cutting D．with；cutting 【答案】C 【解答】with带有，具有；without没有；cut down"砍倒"，是动词短语。第一空是"我们不能生活在没有树木的世界上"，第一空用介词without；第二空是"所以我们必须停止砍伐树木"，stop doing sth."停止做某事"；此处用cut的动名词cutting。 故选：C。 【即练2】— I really like this video game，mum. Why must I stop playing it？ — For your health，my dear. You ________ go out to take in fresh air and relax your eyes.（　　） A．could B．couldn't C．should D．shouldn't 【答案】C 【解答】could能；couldn't不能；should应该；shouldn't不应该。根据"你......出去呼吸新鲜空气，让眼睛放松。"可知，表示建议，填should"应该"。 故选：C。 一、单项选择 1．—What's your favourite animal？ —It's the ______.It has broad wings and can fly high.（　　） A．fox B．giraffe C．whale D．eagle 【答案】D 【解答】A.狐狸，B.长颈鹿，C.鲸鱼，D.老鹰，根据It has broad wings and can fly high.（它有宽阔的翅膀，能飞得很高。）可知是老鹰。 故选：D。 2．—Why do we need to cover our face and nose with a wet towel when there's a fire？ — ourselves from heavy smoke.（　　） A．To protect B．Protect C．Protecting D．Protected 【答案】A 【解答】To protect是动词不定式；Protect是动词原形；Protecting是动名词和现在分词；Protected是过去式和过去分词。根据前句句意"为什么在火灾时我们需要用湿毛巾遮住脸和鼻子"和选项提示可知，后句句意为"为了保护自己免受浓烟的伤害"，要用动词不定式作目的状语，其它选项语意不通，也不符合语法。 故选：A。 3．The boy didn't take the coat with him on a cold night.______，he caught a cold. （　　） A．For example B．In fact C．Because of D．As a result 【答案】D 【解答】For example例如；In fact事实上；Because of因为；As a result结果。根据The boy didn't take the coat with him on a cold night.（在寒冷的夜晚，男孩没有带外套。）可知，他没有带外套，结果他感冒了。 故选：D。 4．The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born. Do you know her ______ now？（　　） A．weighs；weight B．weighed；weight C．weight；weigh D．weighed；weighs 【答案】B 【解答】weigh称重，动词；weight重量，名词。根据The baby ______ 3 kilograms when she was born.（这个婴儿出生时.......3公斤。）可知第一空需用一般过去时，且缺少谓语动词，排除A和C选项。根据her可知第二空缺少名词，排除D选项。 故选：B。 5．—Our English teacher asks us ______ English every day. —So my mother made me ______ the English text for half an hour yesterday evening.（　　） A．read；to read B．to read；to read C． to read；read D．read；reading 【答案】C 【解答】read，动词，读，现在分词或动名词是reading；过去式或过去分词是read。根据观察可知首句使用了ask sb to do sth短语，意思是"叫某人干某事"，动词不定式作宾语补足语，空格处填to read。答语中使用了make sb do sth短语，意思是"让某人做某事"，空格处填read。 故选：C。 6．—Wearing goggles （护目镜） when you are swimming. It's a good way to ________ your eyes from being injured. —OK. Mom.（　　） A． protect B．hold C．save D．stop 【答案】A 【解答】protect保护；hold保持；save拯救；stop阻止。根据"Wearing goggles （护目镜） when you are swimming."（当你在游泳时戴上护目镜。）可知，"护目镜"用于保护眼睛，protect…from…"保护……免受……"。 故选：A。 7．—________ is the bag of rice？ —It's five kilos，I think.（　　） A．How many B．How much C．How heavy D．How long 【答案】C 【解答】how many多少；how much多少；how heavy多重；how long多久，多长。根据the bag of rice（这袋米）及It's five kilos（它是5公斤）可知，询问这袋米的重量。 故选：C。 8．Usually，______ is difficult______ a boy of five years old to dress himself.（　　） A．that；for B．that；of C．it；for D．it；of 【答案】C 【解答】that那个；for对于；it可以作形式主语；of属于……的。It is + adj. + for sb.to do sth."，表示"对某人来说做某事是怎样的"，是固定句型。其中it 作形式主语（真正的主语是后面的不定式短语；for"用于引出动作的对象（a boy of five years old）；若用 of，则强调人的品质或能力（如 kind/nice of you），但此处不适用。 故选：C。 9．The habit of using earphones to listen to music may put your hearing______.So remember not to do that for a long time. （　　） A．at risk B．in trouble C．under control D．for fun 【答案】A 【解答】at risk处于危险中；in trouble陷入麻烦；under control受控制；for fun为了好玩；根据The habit of using earphones to listen to music may put your hearing...So remember not to do that for a long time.（用耳机听音乐的习惯可能会使你的听力......所以切记不要长时间这样做。）可知，此处指用耳机听音乐的习惯可能会使你的听力处于危险之中，因此选at risk。 故选：A。 10．—Safety comes first !Everyone should stop the kids from ______in the lake or river. —Life is valuable. Kids must remember ______the school rules.（　　） A．swim；to follow B．swim；following C．swimming；following D．swimming；to follow 【答案】D 【解答】根据观察和分析可知题干使用了stop sb from doing sth句型以及remember to do sth句型结构。stop sb from doing sth的意思是"阻止某人干某事"；remember to do sth的意思是"记住要干某事"，此事未做。因此本题正确答案是D。 故选：D。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1． It is surprising for us to know that 　 　 （wolf） are afraid of humans. 【答案】wolves 【解答】wolf狼，可数名词。由复数are可知，主语用复数wolves。 故答案为：wolves。 2．The earth is 　 　 made of iron and silicon and things like that.（main） 【答案】mainly 【解答】main主要的，是形容词。根据made（组成）是动词可知，此处应该用副词修饰。main的副词为mainly（主要地）。 故填：mainly。 3．My teacher always encourages me 　 　 （stick） to my dream whenever I want to give up. 【答案】to stick 【解答】stick to坚持。根据观察可知题干中使用了encourage sb to do sth短语，意思是"鼓励某人做某事"，空格处填to stick。 故答案为：to stick。 4．The number of swimmers here 　 　 （increase） quickly because it's very hot these days. 【答案】is increasing 【解答】increase"增加"，动词。根据because it's very hot these days.（因为这些天天气很热。）可知，这里游泳的人数正在迅速增加，该句用现在进行时，be+动词现在分词，主语是The number of swimmers here（这里游泳的人数），为单数，所以be动词用is，increase的现在分词是increasing。 故填：is increasing。 5．He decided 　 　 （not order） dishes at that restaurant. 【答案】not to order 【解答】句子中decide not to do sth表示决定不做某事，使用动词不定式not to order。 故填：not to order。 6．Every summer，schools all over China warn students 　 　 （not swim） in rivers. 【答案】not to swim 【解答】not是否定副词；swim游泳，是动词。warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事，是固定搭配，用动词不定式的否定形式作宾补。 故答案为：not to swim。 7．—What's your favourite animal？ —I like squirrels 　 　 （well）. 【答案】best 【解答】根据What's your favourite animal？（你最喜欢的动物是什么？）可知是固定搭配like...best最喜欢，所以要用well的最高级best。 故填：best。 8． We want everybody to know the importance of animal 　 　 （protect）. 【答案】protection 【解答】protect保护，动词。animal protection"动物保护"，填不可数名词protection"保护"。 故答案为：protection。 9．Don't always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to 　 　 （ill）. 【答案】illnesses 【解答】ill生病的，形容词。这里介词to后跟可数名词illness的复数illnesses"疾病"作宾语，表示泛指。 故答案为：illnesses 10．There's nothing 　 　 （satisfy）than creating something of lasting value. 【答案】more satisfying 【解答】分析句子可知，主系表结构，此处应使用形容词；由比较级的标志词than可知，此处是二者相比较，应使用形容词比较级。satisfy"令人满意"，动词，对应的形容词是satisfying，现在分词作形容词，用于描述"事物"的性质，意为"令人满意的"，比较级为more satisfying，意为"更令人满意的"。 故填：more satisfying。 三、阅读理解 Like people，animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest. Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead（前方） far into the sea when they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouth when they are ready to sleep. Then there's a bubble around them. The bubble protects them when they sleep. Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks sleep curled up （蜷缩） in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter，they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored （储存的） food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot and dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months. High above the ground，monkeys find leafy（叶茂的） places in trees m each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning，it is also ready for work. （1）What animals blow bubbles when they sleep？ A.Sea otters. B.Monkeys. C.Desert frogs. D.Parrotfish. （2）What do we know about chipmunks according to the text？ A.They rest with their eyes open. B.They never sleep curled up in a ball. C.They wake up about every 2 weeks in winter. D.They don't eat any food during the whole winter. （3）What is the structure（结构） of the text？ （Paragraph 1＝ ①） A. B. C. D. （4）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？ A.Forests where monkeys can sleep safely. B.The animals that sleep above the ground. C.The ways that keep animals away from danger. D.The reason why bees climb down into flowers. 【答案】DCAB 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Parrotfish blow something from their mouth when they are ready to sleep.Then there's a bubble around them.The bubble protects them when they sleep.（当鹦嘴鱼准备睡觉时，它们会从嘴里吹出一些东西。然后在它们周围有一个气泡。当它们睡觉的时候，泡泡会保护它们。）可知，当鹦嘴鱼睡觉时，会崔楚泡泡保护自己。故选D。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段In winter，they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored （储存的） food.（在冬天，它们睡两个星期，然后醒来吃储存的食物。）可知，在冬天，花栗鼠大约每两周醒来一次。故选C。 （3）篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总起全文，引出话题，为第一部分；第二、三、四段在分别介绍不同动物的睡觉方式。所以文章的结构为：总﹣分。故选A。 （4）段落大意题。根据最后一段High above the ground，monkeys find leafy（叶茂的） places in trees m each evening before they sleep.（每天晚上睡觉前，猴子们会在离地面很高的树上找个多叶的地方。）以及Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal.A bee may climb down into a flower to rest.（有些昆虫甚至睡在树叶下，这将是它们的下一餐。蜜蜂可以爬到花里休息。）可知，最后一段主要讲述的是地面上的动物如何睡觉。故选B。 四、任务型阅读 The sun bear is the smallest bear，with a body length of 48 to 60 inches. Sun bears prefer rainforests. They are believed to sleep in trees. The sun bear is not a big meat﹣eater. The sun bear often uses its long tongue（舌头） for eating termites（白蚁）. The name sun bear comes from the pale circle on its chest （胸膛）.They have short，black fur with a golden or white horseshoe shape on their chest. It is also known as "honey bear" because of its love for the sweet food. With only 600 to 1，000 left in the wild in the rainforests of South Asia，it is in danger. People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bear lives are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears. So the sun bear needs our help. （1）What's the sun bear？ 　 　 （2）Where does the sun bear sleep？ 　 　 （3）How does the sun bear eat？ 　 　 （4）Why people call it sun bear？ 　 　 （5）What may the next part of the passage talk about？ 　 　 【答案】（1）It's the smallest bear./The smallest bear. （2）In trees. （3）By using its long tongue. （4）Because of the pale circle. （5）How to protect the sun bears. 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"The sun bear is the smallest bear，with a body length of 48 to 60 inches."（太阳熊是最小的熊，身体长度为48到60英寸。）可知太阳熊是最小的熊，太阳熊睡在树上。故填It's the smallest bear./The smallest bear. （2）细节理解题。根据第1段"They are believed to sleep in trees."（人们相信它们睡在树上。）可知，太阳熊睡在树上。故填In trees. （3）细节理解题。根据第1段"The sun bear often uses its long tongue（舌头） for eating termites（白蚁）."（太阳熊经常用它的长舌来吃白蚁。）可知，太阳熊是通过使用长舌头来吃白蚁的，即它是通过长舌头来吃东西。故填By using its long tongue. （4）细节理解题。根据第2段"The name sun bear comes from the pale circle on its chest （胸膛）."（太阳熊这个名字来源于它胸部的苍白圆圈。）可知，太阳熊的名字来自它胸膛上的白色圈圈，这也是人们之所以叫它太阳熊的原因。故填Because of the pale circle. （5）细节理解题。根据第4段"So the sun bear needs our help."（所以太阳熊需要我们的帮助。）可知，文章接下来最有可能讲到该如何保护太阳熊。故填How to protect the sun bears. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $