专题09 动词的过去时态（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦动词过去时态四大核心考点，通过基础-重难-真题三级递进训练，结合单句与语篇题型，融入文化情境，强化语境中时态运用能力，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|单句23题+语篇3篇|直接考查时态辨析，覆盖四大时态基础用法|从单一概念到简单语境，构建时态基本框架| |重难·创新演练|单句25题+语篇5篇|新情境（文化遗产/饮食等）与变式考法，强调时态区分|从基础应用到复杂语境，深化时态逻辑关系| |真题·实战演练|高考真题32题|高考高频考点再现，检验综合运用能力|对接高考命题趋势，实现知识向应试能力转化|

专题09 动词的过去时态 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时，过去将来时 一、单句语法填空 考向01 一般过去时 1.（2026·河南省新未来联合测评）“Musab, I am sending you New Year greetings from the peak of the world!” This message, which I received at the start of 2025, ranks among my favorite New Year greetings because it came from a friend I (make) in Xizang during a cultural trip last year. 2．（2026·四川省广元市月考）At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which (arise) from his class. 3．（2026·河南省南阳市第一中学校开学考试）It (strike) me that no one was at home when I found I had left my key behind at home. 4.（2026·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟联考）At the Chongxian Qiancun Market in the Linping district of Hangzhou — capital of East China’s Zhejiang province — a group of South Korean tourists recently (draw) attention as they casually chose from its fresh fruit. 5.（2026·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳南山中学实验学校月考）In the 1980s, when international brands (introduce) to China, the villagers began to cultivate coffee plants again. 6. （2026·北京市海淀区入学定位）He (promise) the boy that if he improved his grades, he could choose anything he wanted from the store for free. 7.（2026·福建省厦门双十中学月考）First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory, for to read from the paper was not allowed. 8.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校综合能力测试）About 1,000 years ago, travelers in the mountains of central Asia (spot) some beautiful wildflowers. 9.（2026·江西省赣州市章贡区赣州中学高三上学期开学）Chinese animated film Nobody has become a dark horse at this summer’s box office. It (top) daily charts on Sunday with 106 million yuan, grossing 559 million yuan nine days after release. 10.（2026·广东省揭阳市学情调研）This year, representing Hubei Province, he (perform) a Wudang martial arts routine at the China pavilion, appealing to a steady crowd of onlookers. 11．(2026·河北省邢台市NT20名校联合体月考)The tradition ________ (begin) two decades ago when Dutch artist Bart Rouwenhorst put out a call for 15 red­haired models for an art project in a local newspaper. 12．(2026·江西省于都中学高月考)The parade, organized in the name of the nation, ________ (take) place along Chang'an Avenue and was watched by millions of people across the country. 考向02 过去完成时 1．(2026·陕西省咸阳市实验中学质量检测)The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone ________ (welcome) over 200，000 visits. 2．(2025·北京高考)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ________ (make) several decisions even without noticing. 3.（2026·辽宁名校联盟联考）By the time I remembered, the apples (go) bad, I never saw them, so I never ate them. 4.（2026·重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校月考）By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 5.（2026·河北省保定市部分高中月考）The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone (welcome) over 200,000 visits, generating revenue exceeding 60 million yuan ($8.4 million) — a 40% year-on-year increase. 6．I was having the time of my life with the incredible fifth-grade class this year. One day, a student raised her hand and asked if I (realize) I was wearing two different shoes. 7．（2026·北京市朝阳区北京中学学情调研）There (be) a number of failures before they eventually found a way to clone a monkey successfully. 8．By the early 1980s, before Xi’an undertook a sweeping restoration campaign, much of the structure (fall) into a state of disrepair. 考向03 过去进行时 9．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. 10．He (practice) English speaking from 7 to 9 last night for the exchange program. 11．At this time yesterday, the team   (collect) stories from local teens for the magazine. 12．We (shelter) from the rain at the entrance of a shop when someone handed us an umbrella. 13．As Teachers’ Day (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. 14．We were informed that the leaders (come) to our school soon. 考向04 过去将来时 15．The local government announced that they (build) a new nature reserve in the mountain area the next year. 16．The young man told me that he (spread) the spirit of optimism to more people through his paintings in the coming year. 17．The brothers   (give) Henry a job, but they decided to make a bet instead. 18．Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He (go) to watch this musical with his friend the next week. 19．It was reported that another bridge was (build) across the river the next year. 20．Decades ago, no one would have imagined modern technology (change) the way people get along with others dramatically. 21．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 22．She (start) her presentation when she noticed that the computer wasn’t working, forcing her to do it without any visual aids. 23．He let me write down his instructions to make sure that I would know what was (do) after he went away. 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江西重点中学盟校测试） As the Palace Museum celebrated its 100th anniversary in October, 2025, a small garden in its northeastern section attracted out-sized attention upon its public opening on September 30. Also known as the Ningshou Gong, 1 Palace of Tranquil Longevity, Qianlong Garden was built between 1771 and 1776 as a retirement house for the Qing Dynasty’s fourth 2 (rule), Qianlong, who was particularly fond of the private gardens in southern China. 3 (small) than a soccer field, the 6,000-square-metre garden has four connected courtyards, arranged from south to north, and 27 beautifully designed buildings, all surrounded by cool 4 (rock), old trees and small streams. At each corner of the garden, colorful paintings, fancy carvings, and unique architectures are waiting 5 (discover). So, don’t miss this once-in-a-lifetime chance to explore a piece of history that has been hidden away since China’s last emperor, Puyi, 6 (leave) the Forbidden City in 1924! Restoring the Qianlong Garden took more than two decades, a costly and painstaking process based 7 a cooperation agreement signed in 2000 by the World Monuments Fund and the Palace Museum, 8 amounted to $15 — 18 million. “The restoration team spent years on 9 (rejuvenate) ancient craftsmanship to ensure historical accuracy,” says Annabelle Selldorf, founder of Selldorf Architects, which was invited to restore one of the structures. “Now, we can apply what we have learned from the experiences of restoring the garden to professionally and 10 (scientific) conserving Qing Dynasty architectures across the country.” Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届辽宁丹东市高三总复习质量测试） To understand China, one must first know Jingdezhen porcelain. It has long been 1 important cultural symbol through which the world has come to know China. Today, the city is using small “china” to tell the story of big “China”, presenting Chinese culture with greater 2 (open) and confidence. The effort to make the “thousand-year-old porcelain capital” an even brighter calling card is 3 (increasing) visible in the city’s engagement with the outside world. Jingdezhen now maintains friendly ties with more than 180 cities in over 70 countries. It has also built stronger platforms at home. Since 2004, the China Jingdezhen International Ceramic Expo has grown 4 a flagship event. During last year’s event, Jingdezhen 5 (launch) the 1819 Ceramic Carnival, taking ceramic culture into the streets and the city’s daily life. The city’s official ceramic flagship stores, after expanding from Dubai to Istanbul, have more than 55 online and offline outlets both at home and abroad, with annual sales revenue 6 (reach) 228 million yuan. Jingdezhen’s growing international appeal 7 (root) in something deeper: cultural heritage protection. As one of the 8 (world) rare living ceramic heritage complexes, Jingdezhen preserves a complete traditional porcelain-making system, 9 links raw materials, workshops, kiln sites and urban neighborhoods. In recent years, the city has brought 247 10 (protect) relic units and heritage zones under systematic conservation. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东大湾区名校共同体第一次模拟） The grand conclusion of the 16th Budapest International Circus Festival, 1 featured a high-profile closing ceremony and award presentation, was held on Jan 12. Two original acrobatic (杂技) works, Time — Hoop Diving by China National Acrobatic Troupe and Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses by Beijing Acrobatic School, 2 (claim) the Grand Prix, the festival’s highest honor, earning critical praise for their creative integration of tradition with modern artistic styles. Since its founding in 1996, the festival has become one of the world’s most 3 (influence) circus competitions, held every two years. The Grand Prix is presented only 4 the festival judging panel identifies a performance that goes beyond excellence. This year, 200 artists from over 20 countries and regions competed fiercely 5 top honors with extraordinary acrobatic skills. Both 6 (win) performances represent the depth of contemporary Chinese acrobatics, using distinct physical expressions to tell fascinating stories. In a strategic move that further solidifies the partnership between China and Hungary, a cooperation agreement, 7 (sign) by four institutions at the closing ceremony of the festival, 8 (notable) marks the establishment of the Chinese Acrobatic Troupe European Performance Base in Budapest. This strategic partnership is not only 9 union of artistic institutions, but a powerful step forward in fostering cultural exchanges. It aims to promote circus arts across Europe, enhancing the ecological development of the industry 10 enriching cultural understanding between East and West. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:《蒙娜丽莎》研究(T1) 迎客松(T2);春耕时节的农业(T3);新中式风格服饰(T4)；演出旅行(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·传统文化】（2026届河南省商丘市华大新高考联盟高三4月联考）Older people in Yunnan can still remember the days when merchants with mules (骡子) (travel) along the Tea Horse Road, moving slowly through this millennium-old network of trading routes in the 1980s. 2．【新情境·文化遗产】（2026·云南保山市二模）A conference held the same afternoon (bring) together experts and scholars in the fields of archaeology and cultural heritage from China and Britain to exchange insights on recent findings and opportunities for future collaboration. 3．【新情境】（2026·重庆市永川中学校第三次调研检测）The event, known as the “HIT-Cambridge-Oxford Cup” , (bring) together 14 teams, including those from Oxford, Cambridge and Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), as well as universities from Hong Kong and Macao. 4．【新角度】Named after a mythical dragon, Jiaolong is China’s first manned deep-sea research submersible. It was developed by Chinese designers starting from 2002 and (enter) service in 2010, making China the fifth country in the world with deep-sea exploration technology. 5.【新情境·饮食文化】I was a bit hesitant at first, but soon adjusted and, before long, (find) myself drawn to the famous Peking duck, a local specialty featuring crispy skin and a rich sauce. 6．【新情境·旅游】During his trip, he (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. 7.【新考法】Not until he retired from teaching he consider having a holiday. （用适当的词填空） 8．【新情境·茶文化】4．Once in Beijing, Professor Ding Wenwen took me to a teahouse and the hostess (lead) me through the full ceremony, explaining every step with patience. 9.【新考法】I should have finished my assignment on time, but I (be) busy with other things the other day. 10．【新情境】The team said they (develop) the ultrablack in a laboratory, before making it into a dye to colour cloth. 11.【新考法】By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years to come. 12．【新情境】During my time in China, I discovered that Chinese cuisine was much more diverse and flavorful than I (imagine) before my trip. 13.【新考法】By the time he graduated from college, he (master) three foreign languages, which impressed all the interviewers. 14.【新考法】By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 15.【新考法】By the time you brushed your teeth, you (make) several decisions even without noticing. 16.【新考法】I (intend) to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor when I was about to leave. 17．【新情境】I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. 18．【新情境·传统文化】A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. 19．【新情境·原创题】When I entered the room yesterday afternoon, my sister (type) an important report for her project on the computer. 20．【新情境】The old craftsman announced that he (carve) a lifelike dragon on the wooden table for the town’s anniversary. 21．【新情境】I wasn’t sure whether he (come) the next day so I gave him a call. 22．【新情境】Henry (go) to the tailor’s shop to buy a suit, but he had no money. 23．【新情境】They thought the meeting (start) at 9 a.m., so they arrived ten minutes early. 24.Tony suggested that Claire invite her friends to the house the night before she (be) to leave and Larry was to return. 25．This morning Lisa was about (go) out when the door opened. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·感悟中国】（2026·河北邯郸市第二次模拟） I arrived in China from Australia as a student with a love for travel, culture and adventure. My adventure 1 (begin) in the winter of 2014 at Peking University for my one-year Chinese language learning program. I had never imagined it would turn into a period when I would complete a master’s degree, begin my 2 (profession) life, get married and have two kids. In the busy city of Beijing, each day brought something new. I quickly became 3 (attract) to the hard-working nature of the local students and I soon befriended my classmates from different countries. Things were always happening, new shops were opening and people were 4 the go everywhere. High-speed railways and tall buildings sat alongside traditional ones. In short, the place was exciting. Beyond the 5 (excite) of it all, I was bathed in another culture completely different from my own. When first dating my now-husband, we arranged 6 (play) soccer. I arrived and asked, “Where’s the ball?” He explained we would just join 7 (stranger) already playing. This was foreign to me, as we wouldn’t do that in Australia. Yet, despite being an introvert (内向的), 8 idea was appealing to me and many of my most cherished China memories are related to the collective and community atmosphere there. Other fond memories involve Chinese traditions, like having a yuesao for my post-birth “sitting the month”. This care for mom and baby, with rest and specific foods, contrasts with the experience in the West, 9 new moms often feel pressure to bounce back quickly and handle most things themselves. From my husband’s family to strangers on the streets, Chinese people are very friendly, 10 (inspire) me with their spirit and pride in what they do every day. Passage 2 【新情境·武侠电影《镖人》】（2026·湖南省永州市高考模拟） On a lively Tuesday night in Leicester Square, a moviegoer stood out from the crowd. He was dressed in flowing dark robes (长袍), 1 image that set the tone for the British premiere (首映) of Blades of the Guardians. That night, the film 2 (screen) at the event ahead of its official release in the UK and Ireland on April 17, drawing around 160 guests, including martial arts enthusiasts, film 3 (professional) and curious newcomers. The event highlighted the lasting global appeal 4 wuxia, a genre (体裁) of Chinese story featuring ancient martial artists. Among the attendees was Londoner Azeem Mustafa. As a longtime fan of wuxia cinema, he 5 (praise) the film for bringing a fresh edge while staying true to the moral 6 (deep) of classic wuxia works. He also emphasized the cross - cultural attraction of wuxia, 7 mirrors the British heroic tradition, with its themes of justice and honor. Cedric Behrel, co - founder of distributor Trinity CineAsia, noted that the film gathered four generations of martial arts performers, 8 (offer) multiple entry points for audiences. “ 9 has also benefited the film is its strong word-of-mouth and positive responses from both fans and critics,” Behrel said, adding that wuxia’s ability 10 (evolve) while the genre preserves its spirit is central to its popularity. “It’s one of cinema’s sacred genres. It will never die.” Passage 3 【新情境·太极拳日】（2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔市二模） More than 1,200 Tai Chi practitioners from nine countries and 10 Chinese provincial-level regions gathered at Wuyi Mountain, 1 World Heritage site of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), with the aim 2 (celebrate) UNESCO’s first International Taijiquan Day at the main event. UNESCO established March 21 3 the annual International Taijiquan Day at the 43rd session of the UNESCO General Conference in Uzbekistan on Nov. 5, 2025. Lidia Brito, UNESCO’s Assistant Director-General for Social and Human Sciences, 4 (remark) at the meeting that Taijiquan illustrates how traditional sports and games can 5 (effective) promote peace and serve as a bridge between people and across generations. This represents the first time a martial art has been recognized with an official international day within the United Nations system, showing Taijiquan’s 6 (significant) as both an intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage and a global fitness practice 7 (favor) worldwide. “The date choice around the Chinese solar term Chunfen conveys Tai Chi’s core value: the pursuit of dynamic balance between life and nature,” said Ekarat Janrathitikarn, dean of the Maritime Silk Road Confucius Institute in Thailand, who 8 (practice) Taijiquan for nearly 10 years. Janrathitikarn calls himself a devoted fan of Tai Chi. “The school introduced Taijiquan into 9 (it) courses a year after its founding in 2015. Through the course, students not only learn the exercise but also better understand the Chinese ways of thinking, 10 many former students said has led to their career success,” he said. Passage 4 【新情境·考古新发现】（2026·湖北随州市模拟） The latest discoveries in Central China’s Henan Province are filling critical gaps in understanding of the role that East Asia played in human evolution during a crucial period of the Paleolithic (旧石器时代的) era, 1 (reveal) how ancient residents adapted to the constantly changing environment. Studies on the 2,601 stone artifacts unearthed from the newly excavated Xigou Site in Nanyang, Henan, dating back 160,000 to 72,000 years, reveal 2 (system) strategies for making small stone flakes (薄片) and the earliest known evidence of tool - handling technologies in East Asia. The findings challenge the long-held view that East Asia was less inventive and adaptable 3 its counterparts elsewhere between 300,000 and 50,000 years ago. Researchers note that during this period, East Asia 4 (experience) significant climate changes and ancient humans seemed to adapt to the environment by developing diverse stone tool technologies. More 5 (important), researchers discovered some stone tools had been processed with handles attached, marking 6 earliest known evidence of composite tools in East Asia. These tools combined stone components with handles, and demonstrated complex planning, skilled craftsmanship, and an understanding of how 7 (enhance) tool performance. In recent years, evidence 8 (link) to complex human activities has been uncovered from many Paleolithic sites in China, including the Lingjing Site in Xuchang, Henan, 9 researchers have documented discoid technology, bone tool production and the use of ocher. Together with other evidence, the new discovery is reshaping the traditional narrative of human activity development and environmental 10 (adapt) in East Asia. Passage 5 【新情境·乡村博物馆】（2026·河南信阳市信阳高级中学测试（一）） In recent years, rural museums have become important across China. They help to protect local culture and support village development. By 2023, Yunnan Province in southwest China 1 (build) over 400 such museums. These museums don’t just show old objects; they 2 (true) involve local people in protecting their cultural traditions. These museums are special because they keep traditions in their real setting. For example, they might show an old farming tool together with stories told by village elders, making the experience 3 (meaningful). This helps to keep the true meaning of culture, especially when traditional objects are taken from their original places. The museums also hold classes 4 skilled elders teach young people traditional skills, making sure these special traditions are saved for the future. These museums also help the local economy. Many villages now combine museum visits with fun 5 (activity) like pottery making. This way of mixing culture with tourism has become very popular and successful. 6 it also brings a real economic benefit to local families through homestays and sales of local products. Besides economic benefits, these museums help build community spirit. They make older people feel 7 (value) and give young people new chances by connecting traditional culture with modern life. In this way, the museum becomes 8 unique place that brings people together. However, 9 (keep) being successful, these museums need to balance keeping old traditions and trying new things. 10 this balance, the museums might not be able to help their communities well in the long term. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时，过去将来时 1.（2022·新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 2.（2022·全国高考乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. 3.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 4.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 5.（2021新课标I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________（be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 6.（2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 7.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 8.（2021全国甲卷）We ____________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 9.（2021年浙江卷） Mary's niece wrote, "The little home _________ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. 10.（2021年浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___________ （sell）most of their furniture. 11.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 12.（2020新课标I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 13.（2020新课标III卷）The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 14.（2020新课标III卷）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___________ (point) down the river. 15.（2020山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 16.（2020北京卷）The Neanderthals___ ___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 17.（2020浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food ______(need). 18.（2020浙江卷）By about 6000 BC，people ______ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 19.（2020浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with the rise of science，changes began. New methods __________ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 20.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 21.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 22.（2019新课标II卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene ________（declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 23.（2019新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 24.（2019新课标III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we _________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 25.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 26.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 27.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 28.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 29.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. 30.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 31.（2018新课标III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 32.（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 动词的过去时态 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时，过去将来时 一、单句语法填空 考向01 一般过去时 1.（2026·河南省新未来联合测评）“Musab, I am sending you New Year greetings from the peak of the world!” This message, which I received at the start of 2025, ranks among my favorite New Year greetings because it came from a friend I (make) in Xizang during a cultural trip last year. 【答案】made 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：这是我在2025年年初收到的贺词，是我最喜欢的新年贺词之一，因为这是我去年在西藏文化旅行时认识的一个朋友发来的。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据空处所在句的时间状语“last year”可知，应用一般过去时。故填made。 2．（2026·四川省广元市月考）At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which (arise) from his class. 【答案】arose 【解析】考查时态。句意：课间休息时，我们的班主任着手处理那些源于他所带班级的事务。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合主句谓语got down to可知，从句也用一般过去时。故填arose。 3．（2026·河南省南阳市第一中学校开学考试）It (strike) me that no one was at home when I found I had left my key behind at home. 【答案】struck 【解析】考查固定句型及时态。句意：当我发现把钥匙忘在家里时，我突然想到家里没人。“It strikes sb. that...”是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……” 。由“found”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“strike”的过去式是“struck” ，在句中作谓语。故填struck。 4.（2026·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟联考）At the Chongxian Qiancun Market in the Linping district of Hangzhou — capital of East China’s Zhejiang province — a group of South Korean tourists recently (draw) attention as they casually chose from its fresh fruit. 【答案】drew 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在中国东部浙江省省会杭州临平区的崇贤钱村市场，一群韩国游客随意挑选新鲜水果时，最近吸引了众人的目光。此处为谓语动词，根据从句的谓语动词“chose”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为drew。故填drew。 5.（2026·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳南山中学实验学校月考）In the 1980s, when international brands (introduce) to China, the villagers began to cultivate coffee plants again. 【答案】were introduced 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：20世纪80年代，当国际品牌被引入中国时，村民们又开始种植咖啡树。根据时间状语In the 1980s可知，句子应用一般过去时，introduce与主语international brands之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词应用were。故填were introduced。 6. （2026·北京市海淀区入学定位）He (promise) the boy that if he improved his grades, he could choose anything he wanted from the store for free. 【答案】promised 【解析】考查时态。句意：他向那个男孩承诺，如果他能提高学习成绩，他就可以从商店里免费挑选任何他想要的东西。根据后文“if he improved his grades”及语境，“承诺”这一动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故填promised。 7.（2026·福建省厦门双十中学月考）First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory, for to read from the paper was not allowed. 【答案】lay 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：但最困难的部分在于凭记忆进行口头陈述，因为不允许照着稿子读。根据语境以及上下文的时态可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，lie（在于）的过去式为lay。故填lay。 8.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校综合能力测试）About 1,000 years ago, travelers in the mountains of central Asia (spot) some beautiful wildflowers. 【答案】spotted 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：大约1000年前，中亚山区的旅行者发现了一些美丽的野花。在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“About 1,000 years ago”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，spot的过去式为spotted。故填spotted。 9.（2026·江西省赣州市章贡区赣州中学高三上学期开学）Chinese animated film Nobody has become a dark horse at this summer’s box office. It (top) daily charts on Sunday with 106 million yuan, grossing 559 million yuan nine days after release. 【答案】topped 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：周日，它以1.06亿元的票房登顶每日票房榜，上映九天票房总收入达到5.59亿元。根据时间状语“on Sunday”，可知这里描述的是过去发生的具体动作，所以要用一般过去时。动词top意为“居……之首；为……之冠” ，其过去式为topped。故填topped。 10.（2026·广东省揭阳市学情调研）This year, representing Hubei Province, he (perform) a Wudang martial arts routine at the China pavilion, appealing to a steady crowd of onlookers. 【答案】performed 【解析】考查时态。句意：今年，他代表湖北省在“湖北馆”表演了武当武术节目，吸引了众多观众驻足观看。根据语境及时间状语“This year”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填performed。 11．(2026·河北省邢台市NT20名校联合体月考)The tradition ________ (begin) two decades ago when Dutch artist Bart Rouwenhorst put out a call for 15 red­haired models for an art project in a local newspaper. 【答案】began 【解析】根据时间状语two decades ago可知，应用一般过去时。故填began。 12．(2026·江西省于都中学高月考)The parade, organized in the name of the nation, ________ (take) place along Chang'an Avenue and was watched by millions of people across the country. 【答案】took 【解析】根据and可知，设空处和was watched作并列谓语，应用一般过去时。故填took。 考向02 过去完成时 1．(2026·陕西省咸阳市实验中学质量检测)The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone ________ (welcome) over 200，000 visits. 【答案】had welcomed 【解析】根据时间状语by the morning of July 21可知，应用过去完成时。故填had welcomed。 2．(2025·北京高考)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ________ (make) several decisions even without noticing. 【答案】had made 【解析】根据时间状语By the time you brushed your teeth可知，此处应用过去完成时。故填had made。 3.（2026·辽宁名校联盟联考）By the time I remembered, the apples (go) bad, I never saw them, so I never ate them. 【答案】had gone 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当我想起来的时候，苹果已经坏了。“苹果坏了”这个动作发生在“我想起来”这个过去的动作之前，这是典型的“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had +过去分词”。go的过去分词是gone，所以应填had gone。故填had gone。 4.（2026·重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校月考）By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 【答案】had grown 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到了宋代，在中国传统戏曲兴起之前，它已经发展成为一种高度发达的艺术，能够讲述三国时期的故事。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语By the Song Dynasty可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作，即到宋代为止，皮影戏已经发展成为一种高度发达的艺术。故填had grown。 5.（2026·河北省保定市部分高中月考）The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone (welcome) over 200,000 visits, generating revenue exceeding 60 million yuan ($8.4 million) — a 40% year-on-year increase. 【答案】had welcomed 【解析】考查时态。句意：事实证明，该节日具有巨大的经济效益：截至7月21日上午，仅主会场就接待了20多万人次，收入超过6000万元（840万美元），同比增长40%。分析句子可知，句中的时间状语by the morning of July 21（到7月21日早上为止）是一个典型的过去完成时的标志。它表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，需用过去完成时：had + 过去分词。故填had welcomed。 6．I was having the time of my life with the incredible fifth-grade class this year. One day, a student raised her hand and asked if I (realize) I was wearing two different shoes. 【答案】had realized 【解析】句意：今年我和很棒的五年级班级共度了一段无比快乐的时光。有一天，一名学生举手问我是否意识到自己穿着两只不一样的鞋子。 主句为一般过去时，从句谓语“意识到”发生在asked之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时had realized。 7．（2026·北京市朝阳区北京中学学情调研）There (be) a number of failures before they eventually found a way to clone a monkey successfully. 【答案】had been 【解析】考查时态。句意：在他们最终成功地找到克隆猴子的方法之前，已经有很多次失败了。提示词是“There be句型”中谓语动词，结合时间状语“before they eventually found a way to clone a monkey successfully”可知，动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时态had been。故填had been。 8．By the early 1980s, before Xi’an undertook a sweeping restoration campaign, much of the structure (fall) into a state of disrepair. 【答案】had fallen 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到20世纪80年代初，在西安进行大规模修复工程之前，城墙的大部分已经年久失修。根据时间状语By the early 1980s可知，空处描述的是在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时。故填had fallen。 考向03 过去进行时 9．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. 【答案】was whispering 【解析】句意：她上课正小声和同桌窃窃私语，这时老师突然转身直视她们。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them可知为过去进行时，谓语用单数。 10．He (practice) English speaking from 7 to 9 last night for the exchange program. 【答案】was practicing 【解析】句意：昨晚七点到九点，他一直在为交换项目练习英语口语。根据时间状语“from 7 to 9 last night”可知，使用过去进行时，主语为he，谓语动词用was practicing。 11．At this time yesterday, the team   (collect) stories from local teens for the magazine. 【答案】was collecting 【解析】句意：就在昨天这个时候，这个团队正在当地青少年中收集故事以供该杂志使用。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语At this time yesterday可知，此处表示“在过去某一时间正在进行的动作”，应该用过去进行时，主语是the team，be动词用was，所以填was collecting。 12．We (shelter) from the rain at the entrance of a shop when someone handed us an umbrella. 【答案】were sheltering 【解析】考查时态。句意：我们正在一家商店的入口处避雨，这时有人递给我们一把伞。此处为be doing... when...句型，表示“正在做……这时……”，描述过去正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，主语为We，be动词用were，谓语用were sheltering。故填were sheltering。 13．As Teachers’ Day (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. 【答案】was approaching 【解析】考查时态。句意：随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举办一个聚会来庆祝今年这个重要的日子。在as引导的状语从句中作谓语，此处为进行时表将来，根据后文decided可知为过去进行时。故填was approaching。 14．We were informed that the leaders (come) to our school soon. 【答案】were coming 【解析】考查时态。句意：我们被告知，领导们很快就要来我们学校了。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据soon和主句谓语were informed可知，这里表示过去看来将要发生的事情，应用过去将来时，come是瞬移动词，可用过去进行时was/were doing表过去将来。主语the leaders为复数，be动词用were。故填were coming。 考向04 过去将来时 15．The local government announced that they (build) a new nature reserve in the mountain area the next year. 【答案】would build 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当地政府宣布，他们将于次年在山区新建一个自然保护区。空处作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，结合“announced”和“the next year”可知，build“建造”的动作是从过去某个时间看将要发生，时态应用过去将来时。故填would build。 16．The young man told me that he (spread) the spirit of optimism to more people through his paintings in the coming year. 【答案】would spread 【解析】考查时态。句意：这个年轻人告诉我，他将在来年通过画作把乐观精神传递给更多人。根据从句时间状语 in the coming year（在来年）表示将来，且主句为一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时。故填would spread。 17．The brothers   (give) Henry a job, but they decided to make a bet instead. 【答案】were going to give 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：兄弟俩打算给亨利一份工作，但他们决定改为打赌。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为The brothers，为复数，且此处意为“打算做某事”，应用将来时be going to do，且根据后文decided可知，此处应用过去将来时。故填were going to give。 18．Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He (go) to watch this musical with his friend the next week. 【答案】was going 【解析】考查时态。句意：菲利普买了两张《歌剧魅影》的票。他打算下周和朋友一起去观看这部音乐剧。根据后文the next week可知为将来时，结合上文Philip bought可知用过去将来时，主语为He，谓语用单数。故填was going。 19．It was reported that another bridge was (build) across the river the next year. 【答案】to be built 【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。句意：据报道，第二年将在这条河上再建一座桥。结合时间状语“the next year”和主句的一般过去时可知，build(建造，修建)是过去讨论的将来要去做的事情，应用过去将来时态，结合句意和was，应用be to do结构表示按照计划、安排或官方决定将要去做的事情，且build与主语another bridge之间是被动关系，应用被动语态was to be built。故填to be built。 20．Decades ago, no one would have imagined modern technology (change) the way people get along with others dramatically. 【答案】was to change 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：几十年前，没有人会想到现代科技会极大地改变人们彼此相处的方式。分析句子结构可知，“modern technology ______ (change) the way people get along with others dramatically”为宾语从句，作imagined的宾语。主句谓语动词would have imagined表示对过去情况的想象，而“现代科技改变人们相处方式”是在想象之后发生的事情，即过去看来将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时was to change，“be to do”结构可表示按计划或注定要发生的事情，符合语境。故填was to change。 21．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 【答案】to come 【解析】考查时态。句意：它那灰蒙蒙的岩石，时而黑暗，时而明亮，讲述着过去火山喷发的故事，这可能曾警告过这座城市即将发生什么。what引导名词性从句，在从句中充当主语，空格处应填谓语动词，结合前面的谓语told以及might have warned 可知，空格处应填过去将来时，且主语为what。故填to come。 22．She (start) her presentation when she noticed that the computer wasn’t working, forcing her to do it without any visual aids. 【答案】was about to start 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：她正要开始做报告，突然发现电脑坏了，她不得不在没有任何视觉辅助的情况下做报告。结合when以及forcing her to do it without any visual aids可知，此处指“正要做某事，这时（突然）……”，使用固定句型be about to do sth when...，结合noticed可知使用过去将来时，故填was about to start。 23．He let me write down his instructions to make sure that I would know what was (do) after he went away. 【答案】to be done 【解析】考查过去将来时的被动语态。句意：他让我写下他的指示，以确保我知道他走后要做什么。根据“after he went away”可知，此处是指他走后要做什么，应用was/were to do表示过去将来时。动词do意为“做”，和主语what构成被动关系。故填to be done。 二、语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江西重点中学盟校测试） As the Palace Museum celebrated its 100th anniversary in October, 2025, a small garden in its northeastern section attracted out-sized attention upon its public opening on September 30. Also known as the Ningshou Gong, 1 Palace of Tranquil Longevity, Qianlong Garden was built between 1771 and 1776 as a retirement house for the Qing Dynasty’s fourth 2 (rule), Qianlong, who was particularly fond of the private gardens in southern China. 3 (small) than a soccer field, the 6,000-square-metre garden has four connected courtyards, arranged from south to north, and 27 beautifully designed buildings, all surrounded by cool 4 (rock), old trees and small streams. At each corner of the garden, colorful paintings, fancy carvings, and unique architectures are waiting 5 (discover). So, don’t miss this once-in-a-lifetime chance to explore a piece of history that has been hidden away since China’s last emperor, Puyi, 6 (leave) the Forbidden City in 1924! Restoring the Qianlong Garden took more than two decades, a costly and painstaking process based 7 a cooperation agreement signed in 2000 by the World Monuments Fund and the Palace Museum, 8 amounted to $15 — 18 million. “The restoration team spent years on 9 (rejuvenate) ancient craftsmanship to ensure historical accuracy,” says Annabelle Selldorf, founder of Selldorf Architects, which was invited to restore one of the structures. “Now, we can apply what we have learned from the experiences of restoring the garden to professionally and 10 (scientific) conserving Qing Dynasty architectures across the country.” 【答案】 1．or 2．ruler 3．Smaller 4．rocks 5．to be discovered 6．left 7．on/upon 8．which 9．rejuvenating 10．scientifically 【解析】文章主要介绍乾隆花园的历史、构造及修复情况与价值。 1．考查连词。句意：也被称为宁寿宫，或者叫宁寿宫，乾隆花园建于1771年至1776年之间，是清朝第四位统治者乾隆的颐养之所，他格外喜爱江南的私家园林。the Palace of Tranquil Longevity和Ningshou Gong是乾隆花园的另外两个名称，此处表示选择关系，应用连词or连接。 2．考查名词。句意：也被称为宁寿宫，或者叫宁寿宫，乾隆花园建于1771年至1776年之间，是清朝第四位统治者乾隆的颐养之所，他格外喜爱江南的私家园林。空处作介词for的宾语，表示“统治者”，用名词ruler。前有序数词fourth修饰，应用单数。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：这个6000平方米的花园比足球场还小，有四个相连的庭院，从南到北排列，还有27座设计精美的建筑，周围环绕着凉爽的岩石、古树和小溪。空处与than连用，应用形容词small的比较级smaller，句首单词首字母应大写。 4．考查名词复数。句意：这个6000平方米的花园比足球场还小，有四个相连的庭院，从南到北排列，还有27座设计精美的建筑，周围环绕着凉爽的岩石、古树和小溪。rock“岩石”是可数名词，此处泛指多块岩石，应用复数形式rocks。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在花园的每个角落，都有色彩缤纷的画作、精美的雕刻和独特的建筑等待被发现。wait to do sth.“等待做某事”，discover和逻辑主语colorful paintings, fancy carvings, and unique architectures之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动式to be discovered。 6．考查动词时态。句意：所以，不要错过这个千载难逢的机会，去探索一段自中国最后一位皇帝溥仪1924年离开紫禁城以来一直隐藏起来的历史！空处是since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1924”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，leave应用过去式left。 7．考查介词。句意：修复乾隆花园花了二十多年的时间，这是一个昂贵而艰苦的过程，基于世界纪念碑基金会和故宫博物院在2000年签署的一项合作协议，耗资1500万至1800万美元。固定搭配be based on/upon意为“基于……”，此处用过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词process。 8．考查定语从句。句意：修复乾隆花园花了二十多年的时间，这是一个昂贵而艰苦的过程，基于世界纪念碑基金会和故宫博物院在2000年签署的一项合作协议，耗资1500万至1800万美元。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a cooperation agreement，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：塞尔多夫建筑事务所的创始人安娜贝尔・塞尔多夫表示：“修复团队耗时多年复兴古代工艺，以确保历史原貌的准确性。”该事务所受邀参与修复其中一处建筑。介词on后接动名词rejuvenating作宾语。 10．考查副词。句意：现在，我们可以将从修复花园的经验中学到的知识应用于全国范围内清代建筑的专业和科学保护。空处和professionally并列，修饰动词conserving，应用副词scientifically作状语，表示“科学地”。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届辽宁丹东市高三总复习质量测试） To understand China, one must first know Jingdezhen porcelain. It has long been 1 important cultural symbol through which the world has come to know China. Today, the city is using small “china” to tell the story of big “China”, presenting Chinese culture with greater 2 (open) and confidence. The effort to make the “thousand-year-old porcelain capital” an even brighter calling card is 3 (increasing) visible in the city’s engagement with the outside world. Jingdezhen now maintains friendly ties with more than 180 cities in over 70 countries. It has also built stronger platforms at home. Since 2004, the China Jingdezhen International Ceramic Expo has grown 4 a flagship event. During last year’s event, Jingdezhen 5 (launch) the 1819 Ceramic Carnival, taking ceramic culture into the streets and the city’s daily life. The city’s official ceramic flagship stores, after expanding from Dubai to Istanbul, have more than 55 online and offline outlets both at home and abroad, with annual sales revenue 6 (reach) 228 million yuan. Jingdezhen’s growing international appeal 7 (root) in something deeper: cultural heritage protection. As one of the 8 (world) rare living ceramic heritage complexes, Jingdezhen preserves a complete traditional porcelain-making system, 9 links raw materials, workshops, kiln sites and urban neighborhoods. In recent years, the city has brought 247 10 (protect) relic units and heritage zones under systematic conservation. 【答案】 1．an 2．openness 3．increasingly 4．into 5．launched 6．reaching 7．is rooted 8．world’s 9．which 10．protected 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了景德镇以瓷器为载体，向世界展现中国文化的发展举措与深厚底蕴。 1．考查冠词。句意：长期以来，它一直是一个重要的文化符号，世界通过它认识中国。此处泛指“一个重要的文化符号”，且important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查名词。句意：如今，这座城市正用小小的“瓷器”讲述宏大的“中国”故事，以更开放的姿态和自信展现中国文化。空格处与confidence并列作介词with的宾语，需用名词形式；open的名词形式是openness，意为“开放”。故填openness。 3．考查副词。句意：让这座“千年瓷都”成为更亮眼名片的努力，在这座城市与外界的交往中日益显现。空格处修饰形容词visible，需用副词；increasing的副词形式是increasingly，意为“日益，越来越”。故填increasingly。 4．考查介词。句意：自2004年以来，中国景德镇国际陶瓷博览会已发展成为一项旗舰活动。grow into是固定搭配，表示“发展成为”。故填into。 5．考查时态。句意：在去年的活动中，景德镇启动了1819陶瓷嘉年华，将陶瓷文化推向街头和城市日常生活。根据时间状语During last year’s event可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时；launch的过去式是launched。故填launched。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：该市官方陶瓷旗舰店从迪拜拓展至伊斯坦布尔后，在国内外拥有55多家线上线下门店，年销售收入达2.28亿元。本句已有谓语have，空格处需用非谓语动词；此处考查“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，宾语annual sales revenue与reach是主动关系，需用现在分词reaching作宾语补足语。故填reaching。 7．考查时态与语态。句意：景德镇日益增长的国际吸引力根植于更深层次的文化遗产保护。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Jingdezhen’s growing international appeal与root是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为单数。故填is rooted。 8．考查名词。句意：作为世界罕见的活态陶瓷遗产建筑群之一，景德镇保留了完整的传统制瓷体系，该体系连接了原材料、作坊、窑址与城市社区。空格处修饰名词rare living ceramic heritage complexes，表示“世界的”，需用名词所有格world’s。故填world’s。 9．考查定语从句。句意：作为世界罕见的活态陶瓷遗产建筑群之一，景德镇保留了完整的传统制瓷体系，该体系连接了原材料、作坊、窑址与城市社区。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a complete traditional porcelain-making system，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which。故填which。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，该市将247处受保护的文物单位和遗产区纳入了系统性保护范围。空格处修饰名词relic units and heritage zones，表示“被保护的”，需用过去分词protected作定语。故填protected。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东大湾区名校共同体第一次模拟） The grand conclusion of the 16th Budapest International Circus Festival, 1 featured a high-profile closing ceremony and award presentation, was held on Jan 12. Two original acrobatic (杂技) works, Time — Hoop Diving by China National Acrobatic Troupe and Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses by Beijing Acrobatic School, 2 (claim) the Grand Prix, the festival’s highest honor, earning critical praise for their creative integration of tradition with modern artistic styles. Since its founding in 1996, the festival has become one of the world’s most 3 (influence) circus competitions, held every two years. The Grand Prix is presented only 4 the festival judging panel identifies a performance that goes beyond excellence. This year, 200 artists from over 20 countries and regions competed fiercely 5 top honors with extraordinary acrobatic skills. Both 6 (win) performances represent the depth of contemporary Chinese acrobatics, using distinct physical expressions to tell fascinating stories. In a strategic move that further solidifies the partnership between China and Hungary, a cooperation agreement, 7 (sign) by four institutions at the closing ceremony of the festival, 8 (notable) marks the establishment of the Chinese Acrobatic Troupe European Performance Base in Budapest. This strategic partnership is not only 9 union of artistic institutions, but a powerful step forward in fostering cultural exchanges. It aims to promote circus arts across Europe, enhancing the ecological development of the industry 10 enriching cultural understanding between East and West. 【答案】 1．which 2．claimed 3．influential 4．when 5．for 6．winning 7．signed 8．notably 9．a 10．and 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是第16届布达佩斯国际马戏节圆满落幕，中国杂技节目斩获最高奖，以及中匈双方达成战略合作、设立欧洲演出基地的相关情况。 1．考查定语从句。句意：第16届布达佩斯国际马戏节于1月12日隆重闭幕，本届马戏节举办了备受瞩目的闭幕式与颁奖仪式。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为The 16th Budapest International Circus Festival，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查时态。句意：中国杂技团的Time — Hoop Diving与北京杂技学校的 Mom’s Pride — Contortion with Glasses两件原创杂技作品荣获大赛最高荣誉金奖。他们创造性地将传统与现代艺术风格融为一体，赢得了评论界的赞誉。此空考查谓语动词，主语Two original acrobatic works与claim为主动关系，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填claimed。 3．考查形容词。句意：该马戏节自1996年创办以来，已成为全球最具影响力的马戏赛事之一，每两年举办一次。此处修饰名词competitions，应用形容词形式influential，表“有影响力的”。故填influential。 4．考查连词。句意：这项大奖赛只在艺术节评审团认定某一表演达到卓越水准之上时才会颁发。此处考查固定句型only when，表示“只有当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 5．考查介词。句意：今年，来自20多个国家和地区的200名艺术家凭借精湛的杂技技艺，为争夺最高荣誉展开激烈角逐。此处考查固定搭配compete for…，表示“为……竞争”，符合语境。故填for。 6．考查形容词。句意：两部获奖作品均代表了当代中国杂技的深厚底蕴，通过独特的肢体语言讲述引人入胜的故事。此处修饰名词performances，winning表示“获奖的”，为对应的形容词，作定语。故填winning。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一进一步巩固中匈两国合作关系的战略举措中，四家机构于该艺术节闭幕式上签署的合作协议，也显著标志着中国杂技团欧洲演出基地在布达佩斯正式落成。marks为本句谓语动词，此空考查非谓语，a cooperation agreement与sign为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填signed。 8．考查副词。句意：在这一进一步巩固中匈两国合作关系的战略举措中，四家机构于该艺术节闭幕式上签署的合作协议，也显著标志着中国杂技团欧洲演出基地在布达佩斯正式落成。此处修饰动词marks，应用副词形式notably，表“显著地”，符合语境。故填notably。 9．考查冠词。句意：这一战略合作不仅是艺术机构的联合，更是推动文化交流的有力一步。此处泛指“一个联合”，且union以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查连词。句意：它旨在推动欧洲马戏艺术发展，促进行业生态建设，并丰富东西方文化理解。此处连接并列的现在分词短语enhancing… 和enriching…，表示并列递进关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:《蒙娜丽莎》研究(T1) 迎客松(T2);春耕时节的农业(T3);新中式风格服饰(T4)；演出旅行(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境·传统文化】（2026届河南省商丘市华大新高考联盟高三4月联考）Older people in Yunnan can still remember the days when merchants with mules (骡子) (travel) along the Tea Horse Road, moving slowly through this millennium-old network of trading routes in the 1980s. 【答案】traveled/travelled 【解析】考查动词。句意：在云南，年长的人们仍然记得上世纪八十年代那些骑着骡子的商人沿着茶马古道前行的情景，他们沿着这条有着千年历史的贸易路线缓慢地穿梭其间。根据in the 1980s可知发生在过去用一般过去时。 2．【新情境·文化遗产】（2026·云南保山市二模）A conference held the same afternoon (bring) together experts and scholars in the fields of archaeology and cultural heritage from China and Britain to exchange insights on recent findings and opportunities for future collaboration. 【答案】brought 【解析】考查时态。句意：同日下午举行的会议汇集了中英两国考古和文化遗产领域的专家学者，就最新发现和未来合作机会交换意见。空处作谓语，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，空处用过去式brought。 3．【新情境】（2026·重庆市永川中学校第三次调研检测）The event, known as the “HIT-Cambridge-Oxford Cup” , (bring) together 14 teams, including those from Oxford, Cambridge and Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), as well as universities from Hong Kong and Macao. 【答案】brought 【解析】考查时态。句意：这场被称为“哈工大-剑桥-牛津杯”的赛事汇集了14支队伍，包括来自牛津大学、剑桥大学、哈尔滨工业大学以及香港和澳门高校的队伍。空处作谓语，活动是已经发生的过去事件，用一般过去时，bring的过去式是brought。 4．【新角度】Named after a mythical dragon, Jiaolong is China’s first manned deep-sea research submersible. It was developed by Chinese designers starting from 2002 and (enter) service in 2010, making China the fifth country in the world with deep-sea exploration technology. 【答案】entered 【解析】考查时态。句意：“蛟龙”号以神话中的龙命名，是中国首艘载人深海研究潜水器。它由中国的设计师从2002年开始研发，并于2010年投入使用，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有深海探测技术的国家。此处为句子谓语，根据时间状语in 2010可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填entered。 5.【新情境·饮食文化】I was a bit hesitant at first, but soon adjusted and, before long, (find) myself drawn to the famous Peking duck, a local specialty featuring crispy skin and a rich sauce. 【答案】found 【解析】考查时态。句意：起初我有些犹豫，但很快就适应了，不久后就被著名的北京烤鸭吸引住了，这道当地特色菜以酥脆的鸭皮和香浓的酱汁为特色。设空处为谓语，根据上文was，soon adjusted and, before long可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填found。 6．【新情境·旅游】During his trip, he (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. 【答案】visited 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在旅行期间，他游览了中国东南沿海的主要城市，其中上海和杭州给他留下了深刻的印象。空处作主句谓语，结合“left”可知，此处为一般过去时。故填visited。 7.【新考法】Not until he retired from teaching he consider having a holiday. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】did 【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意：直到他退休，他才考虑度假。not until置于句首，句子需要部分倒装，即将助动词/be动词/情态动词置于主语之前，本句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且consider为实义动词，本空应用助动词did。故填did。 8．【新情境·茶文化】4．Once in Beijing, Professor Ding Wenwen took me to a teahouse and the hostess (lead) me through the full ceremony, explaining every step with patience. 【答案】led 【解析】句意：有一次在北京，丁文文教授带我去了一家茶馆，老板娘带我体验了完整的茶道仪式，耐心讲解每一个步骤。此空考查谓语动词，Professor Ding Wenwen与lead为主动关系，由并列分句谓语took可知，句子应为一般过去时，lead的过去式为led，符合语境。 9.【新考法】I should have finished my assignment on time, but I (be) busy with other things the other day. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态。句意：我本应该按时完成我的作业，但前几天我正忙着别的事情。有时间状语the other day（前几天），可知要用一般过去时态，故填was. 10．【新情境】The team said they (develop) the ultrablack in a laboratory, before making it into a dye to colour cloth. 【答案】had developed 【解析】句意：该团队表示，他们在实验室研发出这种超黑材料，之后再将其制成染料给布料上色。 主句谓语said为一般过去时，“研发超黑材料”发生在“说”这个动作之前，属于过去的过去，用过去完成时had developed。 11.【新考法】By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years to come. 【答案】had collected 【解析】考查时态。句意：迈克尔·菲尔普斯在31岁时退役时，已经在奥运会上共获得23枚金牌、3枚银牌和2枚铜牌，这一成绩在未来很长一段时间内都很难被打破。根据上文By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had collected。 12．【新情境】During my time in China, I discovered that Chinese cuisine was much more diverse and flavorful than I (imagine) before my trip. 【答案】had imagined 【解析】考查时态。句意：在中国期间，我发现中国菜比我旅行前想象的要多样得多，味道也丰富得多。空处作从句谓语，“想象”这一动作发生在“发现中国菜更丰富”之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had imagined。 13.【新考法】By the time he graduated from college, he (master) three foreign languages, which impressed all the interviewers. 【答案】had mastered 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到他大学毕业时，他已经掌握了三门外语，这给所有的面试官留下了很深的印象。时间状语从句“By the time he graduated...”提供了一个过去的截止时间点，从句本身用一般过去时；主句动作“掌握三门语言”是在这个毕业时间点之前完成的，即“过去的过去”，因此用过去完成时。故填had mastered。 14.【新考法】By the Song Dynasty, it (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. 【答案】had grown 【解析】考查时态。句意：到了宋代，在中国传统戏曲兴起之前，它已经发展成为一种高度发达的艺术形式，能够讲述三国故事。By the Song Dynasty表示“到宋朝为止”，强调grow into“成长为”这一动作到到宋代已经完成，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had grown。故填had grown。 15.【新考法】By the time you brushed your teeth, you (make) several decisions even without noticing. 【答案】had made 【解析】考查时态。句意：在你刷牙的时候，甚至在不知不觉中你已经做了好几个决定了。make“做出”。根据“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 16.【新考法】I (intend) to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor when I was about to leave. 【答案】had intended 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算去机场送你，但正当我准备出发时，来了一个意外的访客。结合句意可知，此处考查had intended/ planned/ expected…“本打算/计划/期待”，它们是特殊的虚拟语气，表示没有按计划/安排等完成任务，故填had intended。 17．【新情境】I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. 【答案】had hoped 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我本希望送一份礼物给彼得，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。根据“but I couldn’t manage it”可知，该希望没有实现，应用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望，had hoped to do意为“本希望做而没有做”。故填had hoped。 18．【新情境·传统文化】A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. 【答案】was carving 【解析】句意：一阵微弱的刮擦声把她吸引到附近的一个摊位前，一位老人正在牛皮上雕刻皮影，他手中的刀具几乎纹丝不动。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合“A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall”可知，此处指过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，主语an old man为第三人称单数，助动词用was。 19．【新情境·原创题】When I entered the room yesterday afternoon, my sister (type) an important report for her project on the computer. 【答案】was typing 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：昨天下午我走进房间时，我姐姐正在电脑上为她的课题打一份重要的报告。when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was typing。故填was typing。 20．【新情境】The old craftsman announced that he (carve) a lifelike dragon on the wooden table for the town’s anniversary. 【答案】would carve 【解析】句意：这位老工匠宣布，他将为该镇的周年纪念在木桌上雕刻一条栩栩如生的龙。主句为一般过去时announced，宾语从句遵循时态一致，将原本的一般将来时变为过去将来时，基本结构为：would + 动词原形。 21．【新情境】I wasn’t sure whether he (come) the next day so I gave him a call. 【答案】would come 【解析】考查时态。句意：我不确定他第二天是否会来，所以我给他打了个电话。根据“I wasn’t sure”和“the next day”可知，此处表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，谓语用would come。故填would come。 22．【新情境】Henry (go) to the tailor’s shop to buy a suit, but he had no money. 【答案】was going to go 【解析】考查时态。句意：Henry打算去裁缝店买一套西装，但他没有钱。根据句意可知，此处意为“打算做某事”，故应用将来时be going to do表示对未来的计划，且根据后文had可知，此处应用过去将来时，且主语为Henry，为单数。故填was going to go。 23．【新情境】They thought the meeting (start) at 9 a.m., so they arrived ten minutes early. 【答案】would start / was going to start 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们原以为会议会在上午9点开始，所以他们提前了十分钟就到了。根据句中的they arrived ten minutes early可知，他们原以为会议将在上午9点开始，结合主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态应该用过去将来时，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填would start / was going to start。 24.Tony suggested that Claire invite her friends to the house the night before she (be) to leave and Larry was to return. 【答案】was 【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：托尼建议克莱尔在她要离开、拉里要回来的前一天晚上邀请她的朋友们到家里来。根据was to return可知，从句描述的是过去将要发生的事情，使用过去将来时“be to do sth”。主语she是第三人称单数，be动词的过去式用was。故填was。 25．This morning Lisa was about (go) out when the door opened. 【答案】to go 【解析】考查固定句型。 句意：今天早上Lisa正要出门时，这时门开了。be about to do sth when...为固定句型。故填to go。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·感悟中国】（2026·河北邯郸市第二次模拟） I arrived in China from Australia as a student with a love for travel, culture and adventure. My adventure 1 (begin) in the winter of 2014 at Peking University for my one-year Chinese language learning program. I had never imagined it would turn into a period when I would complete a master’s degree, begin my 2 (profession) life, get married and have two kids. In the busy city of Beijing, each day brought something new. I quickly became 3 (attract) to the hard-working nature of the local students and I soon befriended my classmates from different countries. Things were always happening, new shops were opening and people were 4 the go everywhere. High-speed railways and tall buildings sat alongside traditional ones. In short, the place was exciting. Beyond the 5 (excite) of it all, I was bathed in another culture completely different from my own. When first dating my now-husband, we arranged 6 (play) soccer. I arrived and asked, “Where’s the ball?” He explained we would just join 7 (stranger) already playing. This was foreign to me, as we wouldn’t do that in Australia. Yet, despite being an introvert (内向的), 8 idea was appealing to me and many of my most cherished China memories are related to the collective and community atmosphere there. Other fond memories involve Chinese traditions, like having a yuesao for my post-birth “sitting the month”. This care for mom and baby, with rest and specific foods, contrasts with the experience in the West, 9 new moms often feel pressure to bounce back quickly and handle most things themselves. From my husband’s family to strangers on the streets, Chinese people are very friendly, 10 (inspire) me with their spirit and pride in what they do every day. 【答案】 1．began 2．professional 3．attracted 4．on 5．excitement 6．to play 7．strangers 8．the 9．where 10．inspiring 【解析】文章主要讲述了作者在中国留学、工作、结婚生子的经历及感受。 1．考查动词时态。句意：我的冒险之旅始于2014年冬天，在北京大学参加为期一年的汉语学习项目。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“in the winter of 2014”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。 2．考查形容词。句意：我从未想过这会变成我完成硕士学位、开始职业生涯、结婚并有两个孩子的时期。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词life，profession的形容词为professional“职业的”。 3．考查形容词。句意：我很快就被当地学生勤奋的天性所吸引，并很快与来自不同国家的同学成为朋友。固定搭配be attracted to 表示“被……吸引”。 4．考查介词。句意：新事物层出不穷，新商店开张，人们到处奔波。on the go为固定短语，意为“忙碌，奔波”。 5．考查名词。句意：除了这一切的兴奋之外，我还沉浸在另一种与我的文化完全不同的文化中。beyond为介词，后接名词作宾语，excite的名词为excitement“兴奋”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我第一次和我现在的丈夫约会时，我们安排踢足球。arrange to do sth.为固定短语，意为“安排做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。 7．考查名词复数。句意：他解释说我们会加入已经在那里踢球的陌生人。stranger为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，所以空处需用名词复数。 8．考查冠词。句意：然而，尽管我是一个内向的人，这个想法还是吸引了我，我在中国最珍贵的许多记忆都与那里的集体和社区氛围有关。此处特指前文提到的“加入已经在那里踢球的陌生人”这个想法，所以空处需用定冠词the表示特指。 9．考查定语从句。句意：这种对妈妈和宝宝的照顾，包括休息和特定的食物，与西方的经历形成鲜明对比，在西方，新妈妈们常常感到压力，要迅速恢复并自己处理大部分事情。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the West，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：从我丈夫的家人到街上的陌生人，中国人都非常友好，他们每天所做的事情的精神和自豪感激励着我。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，空处动词inspire与主句主语Chinese people之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。 Passage 2 【新情境·武侠电影《镖人》】（2026·湖南省永州市高考模拟） On a lively Tuesday night in Leicester Square, a moviegoer stood out from the crowd. He was dressed in flowing dark robes (长袍), 1 image that set the tone for the British premiere (首映) of Blades of the Guardians. That night, the film 2 (screen) at the event ahead of its official release in the UK and Ireland on April 17, drawing around 160 guests, including martial arts enthusiasts, film 3 (professional) and curious newcomers. The event highlighted the lasting global appeal 4 wuxia, a genre (体裁) of Chinese story featuring ancient martial artists. Among the attendees was Londoner Azeem Mustafa. As a longtime fan of wuxia cinema, he 5 (praise) the film for bringing a fresh edge while staying true to the moral 6 (deep) of classic wuxia works. He also emphasized the cross - cultural attraction of wuxia, 7 mirrors the British heroic tradition, with its themes of justice and honor. Cedric Behrel, co - founder of distributor Trinity CineAsia, noted that the film gathered four generations of martial arts performers, 8 (offer) multiple entry points for audiences. “ 9 has also benefited the film is its strong word-of-mouth and positive responses from both fans and critics,” Behrel said, adding that wuxia’s ability 10 (evolve) while the genre preserves its spirit is central to its popularity. “It’s one of cinema’s sacred genres. It will never die.” 【答案】 1．an 2．was screened 3．professionals 4．of 5．praised 6．depth 7．which 8．offering 9．What 10．to evolve 【解析】本文讲述国产武侠电影《镖人》在英国莱斯特广场举办伦敦首映礼的相关情况。 1．考查冠词。句意：他身着飘逸的深色长袍，这样一副画面，为《镖人》英国首映礼奠定了基调。image是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且image发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。 2．考查时态语态。句意：当晚，这部影片在英国和爱尔兰4月17日正式上映前，率先在该活动上放映，吸引了约160名嘉宾到场，其中包括武术爱好者、电影专业人士以及感兴趣的普通观众。根据时间状语that night可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语the film和谓语动词screen之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。 3．考查名词复数。句意：当晚，这部影片在英国和爱尔兰4月17日正式上映前，率先在该活动上放映，吸引了约160名嘉宾到场，其中包括武术爱好者、电影专业人士以及感兴趣的普通观众。空处应用名词形式，作宾语，professional“专业人士”是可数名词，根据上文“including martial arts enthusiasts”可知，应用复数形式professionals。 4．考查介词。句意：这场首映活动凸显了武侠在全球范围内经久不衰的吸引力，武侠是以古代武者为核心的中国特色故事体裁。固定搭配the appeal of sth.意为“……的吸引力”，空处需填介词of。 5．考查时态。句意：作为一名资深武侠电影爱好者，他称赞这部影片在保留经典武侠作品道德深度的同时，增添了全新的风格亮点。空处作谓语，全文叙述过去发生的首映事件，整体为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式 praised。 6．考查名词。句意：作为一名资深武侠电影爱好者，他称赞这部影片在保留经典武侠作品道德深度的同时，增添了全新的风格亮点。空处应填名词形式，作介词to的宾语，depth“深度”，抽象名词，不可数。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他还强调了武侠的跨文化吸引力：武侠以正义与荣誉为核心主题，与英国的英雄文化传统不谋而合。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：发行方三一影视亚洲公司联合创始人塞德里克・贝雷尔指出，这部影片集结了四代功夫演员，为不同受众群体提供了多元的观影切入点。空处是非谓语动词，作状语，offer和其逻辑主语the film之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填offering。 9．考查主语从句。句意：贝雷尔表示：“助力影片收获佳绩的，还有强劲的口碑以及影迷和影评人的一致好评。”空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，应用连接代词what引导，句首单词首字母大写。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充道，武侠题材能够坚守精神内核、同时不断创新发展，这是其长久受欢迎的核心原因。ability后常接动词不定式，作后置定语，空处需填to evolve。 Passage 3 【新情境·太极拳日】（2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔市二模） More than 1,200 Tai Chi practitioners from nine countries and 10 Chinese provincial-level regions gathered at Wuyi Mountain, 1 World Heritage site of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), with the aim 2 (celebrate) UNESCO’s first International Taijiquan Day at the main event. UNESCO established March 21 3 the annual International Taijiquan Day at the 43rd session of the UNESCO General Conference in Uzbekistan on Nov. 5, 2025. Lidia Brito, UNESCO’s Assistant Director-General for Social and Human Sciences, 4 (remark) at the meeting that Taijiquan illustrates how traditional sports and games can 5 (effective) promote peace and serve as a bridge between people and across generations. This represents the first time a martial art has been recognized with an official international day within the United Nations system, showing Taijiquan’s 6 (significant) as both an intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage and a global fitness practice 7 (favor) worldwide. “The date choice around the Chinese solar term Chunfen conveys Tai Chi’s core value: the pursuit of dynamic balance between life and nature,” said Ekarat Janrathitikarn, dean of the Maritime Silk Road Confucius Institute in Thailand, who 8 (practice) Taijiquan for nearly 10 years. Janrathitikarn calls himself a devoted fan of Tai Chi. “The school introduced Taijiquan into 9 (it) courses a year after its founding in 2015. Through the course, students not only learn the exercise but also better understand the Chinese ways of thinking, 10 many former students said has led to their career success,” he said. 【答案】 1．a 2．to celebrate 3．as 4．remarked 5．effectively 6．significance 7．favored 8．has practiced 9．its 10．which 【解析】文章主要说明了多国太极爱好者齐聚武夷山庆祝首个国际太极拳日，该节日由联合国教科文组织设立，体现了太极拳的文化意义与全球影响力。 1．考查冠词。句意：来自九个国家以及中国十个省级行政区的1200余名太极拳练习者，齐聚联合国教科文组织世界遗产地武夷山，在主会场庆祝联合国教科文组织首个国际太极拳日。此处World Heritage site为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词为a。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：来自九个国家以及中国十个省级行政区的1200余名太极拳练习者，齐聚联合国教科文组织世界遗产地武夷山，在主会场庆祝联合国教科文组织首个国际太极拳日。短语aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”。 3．考查介词。句意：2025年11月5日，在乌兹别克斯坦举行的第43届联合国教科文组织大会上，联合国教科文组织将3月21日定为每年的国际太极拳日。establish…as…意为“把……确立为……”。 4．考查时态。句意：联合国教科文组织社会与人文科学助理总干事莉迪亚·布里托在会议上表示，太极拳彰显了传统体育与竞技活动如何有效促进和平，并成为人与人之间、代与代之间的桥梁。时间是2025年11月的会议，为过去发生的动作，用一般过去时remarked。 5．考查副词。句意：联合国教科文组织社会与人文科学助理总干事莉迪亚·布里托在会议上表示，太极拳彰显了传统体育与竞技活动如何有效促进和平，并成为人与人之间、代与代之间的桥梁。修饰动词promote用副词effectively。 6．考查名词。句意：这是联合国体系内首个为武术设立的官方国际日，彰显了太极拳作为非物质文化遗产及全球流行健身运动的重要意义。作动词show的宾语，用名词significance，不可数。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是联合国体系内首个为武术设立的官方国际日，彰显了太极拳作为非物质文化遗产及全球流行健身运动的重要意义。favored与favor构成被动关系，用过去分词作定语。 8．考查时态。句意：泰国海上丝绸之路孔子学院院长埃卡拉特·詹拉蒂提卡恩已习练太极拳近十年，他说：“将日期选在中国节气春分前后，传递了太极拳的核心价值：追求生命与自然之间的动态平衡。”根据后文for nearly 10 years可知为现在完成时，定语从句主语为Ekarat Janrathitikarn，助动词用has。 9．考查代词。句意：该校于2015年成立一年后便将太极拳纳入了课程体系。修饰名词courses用形容词性物主代词its。 10．考查定语从句。句意：通过这门课程，学生们不仅掌握了相关技巧，还更深入地理解了中国人独特的思维方式。许多曾经学习过这门课程的学生都表示，这种思维方式帮助他们在职业生涯中取得了成功。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容，并在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 Passage 4 【新情境·考古新发现】（2026·湖北随州市模拟） The latest discoveries in Central China’s Henan Province are filling critical gaps in understanding of the role that East Asia played in human evolution during a crucial period of the Paleolithic (旧石器时代的) era, 1 (reveal) how ancient residents adapted to the constantly changing environment. Studies on the 2,601 stone artifacts unearthed from the newly excavated Xigou Site in Nanyang, Henan, dating back 160,000 to 72,000 years, reveal 2 (system) strategies for making small stone flakes (薄片) and the earliest known evidence of tool - handling technologies in East Asia. The findings challenge the long-held view that East Asia was less inventive and adaptable 3 its counterparts elsewhere between 300,000 and 50,000 years ago. Researchers note that during this period, East Asia 4 (experience) significant climate changes and ancient humans seemed to adapt to the environment by developing diverse stone tool technologies. More 5 (important), researchers discovered some stone tools had been processed with handles attached, marking 6 earliest known evidence of composite tools in East Asia. These tools combined stone components with handles, and demonstrated complex planning, skilled craftsmanship, and an understanding of how 7 (enhance) tool performance. In recent years, evidence 8 (link) to complex human activities has been uncovered from many Paleolithic sites in China, including the Lingjing Site in Xuchang, Henan, 9 researchers have documented discoid technology, bone tool production and the use of ocher. Together with other evidence, the new discovery is reshaping the traditional narrative of human activity development and environmental 10 (adapt) in East Asia. 【答案】 1．revealing 2．systematic 3．than 4．experienced/was experiencing 5．importantly 6．the 7．to enhance 8．linked 9．where 10．adaptation 【解析】文章主要讲述了河南新发现对理解东亚人类进化的重要意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国中部河南省的最新发现填补了理解东亚在旧石器时代一个关键时期的人类进化中所扮演角色的关键空白，揭示了古代居民如何适应不断变化的环境。本句已有谓语动词are filling，所以reveal用非谓语形式，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词revealing作结果状语。 2．考查形容词。句意：对河南南阳新发掘的西沟遗址出土的2601件石器的研究显示，这些石器制作小石薄片的系统策略，以及东亚已知最早的工具处理技术证据。本空修饰名词strategies，用形容词systematic“系统的”作定语。故填systematic。 3．考查介词。句意：这一发现挑战了长期以来认为在30万至5万年前，东亚的创造力和适应性不如其他地区的观点。根据less inventive and adaptable可知，此处是将东亚与其他地区进行比较，用介词than。故填than。 4．考查时态。句意：研究人员指出，在这一时期，东亚经历了显著的气候变化，古代人类似乎通过开发多样化的石器技术来适应环境。根据during this period可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式experienced。或者强调过去某一阶段持续发生的动作，需用过去进行时，谓语用was experiencing。 5．考查副词。句意：更重要的是，研究人员发现一些石器经过了手柄处理，标志着东亚已知最早的复合工具证据。本空修饰句子，作状语，用副词importantly“重要的是”。 6．考查冠词。句意：更重要的是，研究人员发现一些石器经过了手柄处理，标志着东亚已知最早的复合工具证据。最高级earliest前用定冠词the。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些工具将石头部件与手柄结合在一起，展示了复杂的规划、熟练的工艺以及对如何提高工具性能的理解。“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，所以空处填不定式to enhance。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，在中国许多旧石器时代遗址发现了与复杂人类活动有关的证据，包括河南许昌的灵井遗址，研究人员在那里记录了圆盘技术、骨器生产和赭石的使用。本句已有谓语动词has been uncovered，所以link用非谓语形式，be linked to“与……有关”，此处用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰名词evidence。 9．考查定语从句。句意：近年来，在中国许多旧石器时代遗址发现了与复杂人类活动有关的证据，包括河南许昌的灵井遗址，研究人员在那里记录了圆盘技术、骨器生产和赭石的使用。本空引导定语从句，先行词为the Lingjing Site in Xuchang, Henan，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。 10．考查名词。句意：与其他证据一起，这一新发现正在重塑东亚人类活动发展和环境适应的传统叙述。本空与activity development并列，用名词adaptation“适应”，作宾语。 Passage 5 【新情境·乡村博物馆】（2026·河南信阳市信阳高级中学测试（一）） In recent years, rural museums have become important across China. They help to protect local culture and support village development. By 2023, Yunnan Province in southwest China 1 (build) over 400 such museums. These museums don’t just show old objects; they 2 (true) involve local people in protecting their cultural traditions. These museums are special because they keep traditions in their real setting. For example, they might show an old farming tool together with stories told by village elders, making the experience 3 (meaningful). This helps to keep the true meaning of culture, especially when traditional objects are taken from their original places. The museums also hold classes 4 skilled elders teach young people traditional skills, making sure these special traditions are saved for the future. These museums also help the local economy. Many villages now combine museum visits with fun 5 (activity) like pottery making. This way of mixing culture with tourism has become very popular and successful. 6 it also brings a real economic benefit to local families through homestays and sales of local products. Besides economic benefits, these museums help build community spirit. They make older people feel 7 (value) and give young people new chances by connecting traditional culture with modern life. In this way, the museum becomes 8 unique place that brings people together. However, 9 (keep) being successful, these museums need to balance keeping old traditions and trying new things. 10 this balance, the museums might not be able to help their communities well in the long term. 【答案】 1．had built 2．truly 3．more meaningful 4．where 5．activities 6．And 7．valued 8．a 9．to keep 10．Without 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来中国乡村博物馆在保护地方文化、支持村庄发展以及促进经济和社区精神建设方面所发挥的重要作用。 1．考查时态。句意：截至2023年，中国西南部的云南省已经建成了400多个这样的博物馆。 build“建造”。根据时间状语By 2023可知，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had built。故填had built。 2．考查副词。句意：这些博物馆不仅仅展示旧物品；它们真正地让当地人参与到保护他们的文化传统中来。本空修饰动词involve，作状语，用副词truly“真正地”。故填truly。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：例如，他们可能会展示一个古老的农具，同时讲述村里的老人讲述的故事，使体验更有意义。表示“更有意义”，应用形容词meaningful的比较级形式more  meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填more meaningful。 4．考查定语从句。句意：博物馆还开设课程，由技艺高超的长者向年轻人传授传统技能，确保这些特殊传统为未来保存下来。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词classes，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5．考查名词的数。句意：许多村庄现在将参观博物馆与陶艺制作等有趣的活动结合起来。activity“活动”是可数名词，此处表示不止一个活动，用复数形式，作 with的宾语。故填activities。 6．考查连词。句意：并且/但是它还通过民宿和当地产品的销售为当地家庭带来了真正的经济利益。前后两个句子之间可以是递进关系，用and连接，表示“并且”。且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填And。 7．考查形容词。句意：它们让老年人感到自己有价值，并通过将传统文化与现代生活联系起来为年轻人提供新的机会。本空作feel的表语，应用形容词valued“有价值的，被尊重的”。故填valued。 8．考查冠词。句意：通过这种方式，博物馆成为一个将人们聚集在一起的独特场所。此处表示泛指“一个独特场所”，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，为了保持成功，这些博物馆需要在保持旧传统和尝试新事物之间取得平衡。本空作目的状语，应用keep“保持”的不定式形式。故填to keep。 10．考查介词。句意：没有这种平衡，博物馆可能无法长期很好地帮助它们的社区。此处表示“没有这种平衡”，应用介词without“没有”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Without。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时，过去将来时 1.（2022·新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】 were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 2.（2022·全国高考乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. 【答案】addressed 【解析】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。 3.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 【答案】was fixing 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 4.（2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】threw 【解析】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 5.（2021新课标I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________（be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】句意为：你不禁要问,当时的人们要把这些石头放好有多难,根据时间状语then,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,主语为it,故填was. 6.（2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 7.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【答案】was built 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 8.（2021全国甲卷）We ____________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【答案】hired 【解析】考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 9.（2021年浙江卷） Mary's niece wrote, "The little home _________ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. 【答案】was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 10.（2021年浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___________ （sell）most of their furniture. 【答案】sold 【解析】考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。 11.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 12.（2020新课标I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 【答案】touched 【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 13.（2020新课标III卷）The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 【答案】be chosen 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 14.（2020新课标III卷）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___________ (point) down the river. 【答案】pointed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。 15.（2020山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 【答案】formed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。 16.（2020北京卷）The Neanderthals___ ___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 【答案】lived/had lived/had been living 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 17.（2020浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food ______(need). 【答案】was needed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 18.（2020浙江卷）By about 6000 BC，people ______ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 【答案】had discovered 【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 19.（2020浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with the rise of science，changes began. New methods __________ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 20.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 21.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 【答案】be placed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。 22.（2019新课标II卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene ________（declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】declared 【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。 23.（2019新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 【答案】recommended 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended 24.（2019新课标III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we _________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 【答案】were invited 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。 25.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 【答案】will have/has 【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。 26.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 【答案】were invited 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 27.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 【答案】improved 【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 28.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 【答案】voiced 【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填voiced。 29.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. 【答案】suggests/suggested/has suggested 【解析】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 30.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【答案】started 【解析】考查时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 31.（2018新课标III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 32.（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 【答案】was shocked 【解析】考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $