2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下学期期末 练习

**基本信息** 以寓言故事、空气质量指数等生活化素材构建情境，通过完形填空、四篇阅读及职业规划写作，综合考查语言运用与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题|动词、连词等词汇辨析|以“烧水”寓言考查目标达成策略，渗透思维品质| |阅读理解|4篇18题|细节理解、词义猜测等技能|结合AQI环保热点、大象科普、志愿服务及家庭运动，强化文化意识与社会认知| |书面表达|1题|篇章结构与情感表达|以“I Want to Be a(n)...”引导职业规划，提升语言能力与学习能力|

【英语】2026 四川八年级下期末精编卷 一、完形填空 One day a young man went to see a wise old man. He wanted to know why he wasn’t able to 1 all of his life goals (目标). He found the wise man reading in a small house by the river. With a smile, the wise man listened to the young man’s 2 and told him, “Come and help me boil a kettle (水壶) of water.” The young man saw a big kettle standing in the corner next to a small stove (火炉), but he didn’t see any wood. So he went out to 3 some. He came back with some dry wood, filled up the kettle with water and put it 4 the stove. Then he put some wood in the stove and started a fire. When the wood burned up, the water did not boil, 5 the kettle was too big. The poor young man had to run off to get more. When he returned, the water had 6 turned cold. This time he learned his 7 and prepared more wood ahead. The water boiled very quickly. “If you don’t have 8 wood, how would you boil so much water?” the wise man asked. The young man thought for a moment, shook his head. “Well, just pour out some water from the kettle!” the old man said. The young man nodded (点头) in thought, but still had no idea 9 the wise man meant. “At first, you set too many goals. It’s just like the big kettle full of water. If you want to make the water boil, then you will have to either pour some water out or prepare 10 wood,” the old man said. 1. A. manage B. reach C. set D. break 2. A. messages B. news C. stories D. excuses 3. A. pull down B. throw away C. look after D. search for 4. A. on B. beside C. under D. in 5. A. if B. because C. although D. unless 6. A. hardly B. suddenly C. almost D. never 7. A. lesson B. meaning C. idea D. opinion 8. A. broken B. dry C. clean D. enough 9. A. why B. how C. when D. what 10. A. much B. more C. little D. less 二、阅读理解 Passage 1 Do you know the Air Quality Index (空气质量指数) or AQI reported in the newspaper? The AQI helps us understand what the air quality around us means to our health. The AQI uses colors, numbers 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 and words to tell us about the air. What do these colors and numbers mean? Let’s have a look. AQI Colors AQI Numbers Health Words Green 0-50 Good: enjoying the clean air Yellow 51-100 Moderate (适中的)：fine for most people Orange 101-150 Unhealthy for sensitive (敏感的) groups: less outdoor activities for those with lung disease Red 151-200 Unhealthy: less time outside for everyone Purple 201-300 Very Unhealthy: no going outside for everybody 11. Which AQI color means the air quality is good for most people? A. Orange. B. Red. C. Purple. D. Yellow. 12. What should we do if the AQI number is 250? A. Enjoy the clean air. B. Spend more time outside. C. Try not to go outside. D. Do some outdoor activities. 13. Which of following can best show the relationship between the quality and the AQI number? A. B. C. D. Passage 2 Elephants are the largest land animals. They weigh as much as 5,000 kilos, with big bodies, large ears, and a long trunk ( 鼻子). Their trunk can be used for breathing, smelling, and taking things. Elephants also have two long teeth. Elephants live in Africa and parts of Asia. They can be found in forests and grasslands. They eat grasses, leaves, bark, and roots. Because of their size, they spend much of their day eating, about 150 kilos of food a day. Elephants are very social. They live in groups usually led by the oldest cow elephant. Young males (公象) leave the family group when they grow up and live alone or in small groups with other males. Elephants are greatly clever. They have large brains and can use tools, solve problems, and even recognize themselves in mirrors. They also have great memory, which helps them find food and water and the way back home. Elephants are animals with high EQ. They love their family strongly and show great sadness, staying around long, when a family member dies. They have also been known to help other animals in trouble. In many cultures, elephants have important symbolic meanings. In India, the elephant-headed god symbolizes wisdom and good luck. Elephants are also seen as symbols of strength in various cultures around the world. 14. Where do elephants mainly live? A. In deserts and mountains. B. In forests and grasslands. C. In oceans and rivers. 15. How much food do elephants eat in a day? A. About 50 kilos. B. About 150 kilos. C. About 5000 kilos. 16. What is the trunk of an elephant used for? A. Eating B. Finding food and water. C. Breathing, smelling, holding things. 17. What can we know about elephants from the passage? A. They are ready to help other animals. B. They are partly clever. C. They are alone. 18. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Elephants’ living environment. B. Elephants’ appearance. C. Elephants’ introduction. Passage 3 Volunteering helps others, but it can also help you. If you’re upset about something that’s happened—like a storm or other disasters (灾难)—doing something about it can be a great way to cope (处理) with your feelings. Volunteering also lets you see your own life in new ways. Sometimes it’s easy to worry about things like grades or get angry because you don’t have the most expensive gym shoes or the newest computer game. Volunteering lets you spend some time focusing on others for a while. Lots of people and kids find that they really enjoy volunteering. Volunteer experiences often put you in a different environment and show you people and situations that you wouldn’t have come across in your life. For example, you might learn that just on the edge (边缘) of your town are some kids who really need winter clothes. It is good to be able to meet a need like that. You’ll know that, thanks to you, some kids have warm coats, hats, gloves and boots. So whether it’s winter clothes, food for the hungry, or homes for unwanted pets, doing volunteer work means one very important thing: You make a difference in the world. So where do you start? 19. What should you do if someone is in trouble? A. Help him. B. Keep quiet. C. Go away quickly. D. Stay away from him. 20. Volunteering can make you according to the passage. A. worry about your grades B. get angry and tired C. see your own life in new ways D. spend some time with your parents 21. What does the underlined word “unwanted” mean in the passage? A. 讨厌的 B. 空闲的 C. 有害的 D. 流浪的 22. Which of the following is NOT true? A. It’s not important for us to do volunteer work. B. Many people find that they really enjoy volunteering. C. It is good to help some kids who really need winter clothes. D. Volunteer experiences often put you in a different environment. 23. The writer wrote the passage to . A. tell people what volunteer work is B. encourage people to do volunteer work C. tell people that many people enjoy volunteering D. encourage people to see their own life in new ways Passage 4 The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (燃烧卡路里). Running Running burns about 700 calories an hour. When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything. As we all know, the best thing in life is free. Rope Jumping Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour. Ropes are convenient to carry. You can pack one in your bag for exercise wherever you go. And your parents can also take one while they travel. Dancing Are you interested in dancing? Why not dance to music at home? Having a family dance party makes parents and children happy and also get some exercise. Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour. Walking a Dog It’s good for your health to walk a dog. One reason may be that you can take more walks when you walk a dog. Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour. If your daily walks have become more like a chore, add some fun. Go with a friend, pick different ways each day, or do some running. 24. Which is NOT the good points of running according to the passage? A. It can make your body healthy. B. You don’t need to cost anything. C. You can enjoy fresh air and beautiful sights. D. You can do it at any place and any time. 25. Which activity can burn the most calories an hour? A. Running. B. Rope jumping. C. Dancing. D. Walking a dog. 26. If Mary has hip hop dancing for one hour and a half, how many calories can she burn? A. 300. B. 400. C. 500. D. 600. 27. What do the activities above have in common? A. They are not easy to do. B. They can only be done outdoors. C. They can help burning some calories. D. They are not interesting at all. 28. What’s the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1） A. ①②③④/⑤ B. ①/②③④⑤ C. ①/②③④/⑤ D. ①/②③/④⑤三、书面表达 亲爱的同学们，时间如指缝流沙，转眼又一学年过去了。你对未来的自己有着怎样的期待呢？ 请你以“I Want to Be a(n)...”为题，根据以下提示及要求写一篇英语文章，勉励一下自己。提示： 1. 你要成为一个什么样的人；2. 你即将从事的职业、原因以及达成途径。要求： 1. 请先将标题补充完成；2. 语句通顺，合乎逻辑，书写规范； 3. 文中不得使用真实的姓名及学校名称；4. 70 词左右。 I Want to Be a(n) 一、完形填空 【英语】2026 四川八年级下期末精编卷答案解析 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了智者通过捡木头烧水的故事来向年轻人讲述如何实现人生理想。 【详解】 1. 句意：他想知道为什么自己不能实现所有的人生目标。 manage 设法；reach 达到，实现；set 设置；break 打破。根据“why he wasn’t able to ... all of his life goals”可知，此处指达到所有的人生目标，应用 reach。故选 B。 2. 句意：智者笑着听了年轻人讲的故事，并告诉他：“来帮我烧开一壶水。” messages 信息；news 新闻；stories 故事；excuses 借口。根据“the wise man listened to the young man’s ...可知，此处表示“智者听年轻人讲故事”。故选C。 3. 句意：于是他出去寻找一些。 pull down 摧毁；throw away 扔掉；look after 照顾；search for 寻找。根据“but he didn’t see any wood” 可知，烧火没有柴，此处表示“出去找柴”。故选 D。 4. 句意：他拿了些干木头回来，把水壶填满水，放在炉子上。 on 在……上面；beside 在……旁边；under 在……下面；in 在……里面。根据“filled up the kettle with water and put it ... the stove”可知，要把水壶放在炉子上。故选 A。 5. 句意：因为水壶太大，木头烧起来的时候，水没有烧开。 if 如果；because 因为；although 尽管；unless 除非。根据“the water did not boil, ...the kettle was too big”可知，此处表示“没有烧开是因为水壶太大”，用 because 引导原因状语从句。故选 B。 6. 句意：当他回来时，水都快凉了。 hardly 几乎不；suddenly 突然；almost 几乎；never 从不。根据“The poor young man had to run off to get more.”可知，烧水途中柴火不够，又去找，回来时水应是几乎变成凉水了。故选 C。 7. 句意：这次他吸取了教训，提前准备了更多的木柴。 lesson 教训，课；meaning 意义；idea 主意；opinion 观点。根据“This time he learned his... ”可知，第一次柴不够又去找，结果回来时水快凉了，第二次提前准备更多木柴是因为吸取了教训。故选 A。 8. 句意：“如果没有足够的木头，你怎么烧这么多水？”智者问。 broken 坏掉的；dry 干的；clean 干净的；enough 足够的。根据“so much water”可知，是问木柴不够时如何烧开这么多水。故选 D。 9. 句意：年轻人在沉思中点了点头，但仍然不明白智者的意思。 why 为什么；how 怎么样；when 什么时候；what 什么。根据“but still had no idea ... the wise man meant”可知，空白处需填入疑问代词，作 meant 的宾语。表示“不明白智者意指什么”。what 意为 “什么”，引导宾语从句。故选 D。 10. 句意：如果你想烧开水，你可以倒出一些水或者准备更多的柴。 much 许多；more 更多的；little 少的；less 更少的。根据“prepare ... wood”中，要想烧开水，智者建议要么倒出水，要么准备更多木头，more 意为“更多”，符合对比语境。故选 B。 二、阅读理解 11. D 12. C 13. B Passage 1 【导语】本文介绍了空气质量指数，它通过颜色、数字和文字来告知人们空气质量对健康的影响，详细说明了不同 AQI 颜色对应的数值范围及健康提示，帮助人们理解空气质量与健康的关系。 11. 细节理解题。根据“Yellow”对应的“Health Words”是“Moderate (适中的): fine for most people” 可知，即黄色表示空气质量对大多数人良好。故选 D。 12. 细节理解题。根据“Purple”对应的数值范围是“201-300”可知，健康提示是 Very Unhealthy: no going outside for everybody，250 在该范围，所以应尽量不外出。故选 C。 13. 细节理解题。通读原文可知，从表格可知，AQI 数值越小，空气质量越好；数值越大，空气质量越差，即空气质量随 AQI 数值增大而变差，呈负相关。故选 B。 Passage 2 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍大象的生活环境、饮食、生理特征、社会性、智慧及文化象征意义。 14. 细节理解题。根据“Elephants live in Africa and parts of Asia. They can be found in forests and grasslands.”可知，大象主要生活在森林和草原。故选B。 15. 细节理解题。根据“Because of their size, they spend much of their day eating, about 150 kilos of food a day.”可知，大象一天吃约 150 公斤食物。故选 B。 16. 细节理解题。根据“Their trunk can be used for breathing, smelling, and taking things.”可知，大象的鼻子用于呼吸、嗅闻和抓取东西。故选 C。 17. 细节理解题。根据“They have also been known to help other animals in trouble.”可知，大象会帮助其他动物。故选 A。 18. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从生活环境、饮食、生理特征、社会性、智慧到文化象征，全面介绍大象，“Elephants’ introduction.”贴合主旨。故选 C。 Passage 3 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 【导语】文章是一篇说明文，主要围绕志愿工作展开，阐述了志愿工作不仅能帮助他人，对自己也有益处，如可以帮助处理个人情绪、以新的视角看待自己的生活，还能让人们接触到不同的人 和环境，获得不一样的体验。同时通过举例说明帮助他人带来的成就感，强调志愿工作的重要意义，目的是鼓励人们积极参与志愿工作 。 19. 细节理解题。根据“Volunteering helps others, but it can also help you.”以及文章整体倡导帮助他人做志愿工作可知，如果有人遇到麻烦应该帮助他，故选 A。 20. 细节理解题。根据“Volunteering also lets you see your own life in new ways.”可知，志愿活动能让你以新的方式看待自己的生活，故选 C。 21. 词句猜测题。根据“homes for unwanted pets”可知，这里说的是为那些没人要的宠物提供住所，所以“unwanted”意思是“流浪的”，故选 D。 22. 细节理解题。根据“doing volunteer work means one very important thing: You make a difference in the world.”可知，做志愿工作是很重要的，A 选项“对我们来说做志愿工作不重要”表述错误，故选 A。 23. 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了志愿工作对自己和他人的好处，最后还引导人们思考从哪里开始做志愿工作，所以作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们做志愿工作，故选 B。 Passage 4 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了简单的活动让我们家里的每个人都离开椅子，帮助我们在燃烧卡路里的同时让家人更亲近。 【详解】24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful views along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything.”可知，当你跑步的时候，你不仅可以享受沿途的新鲜空气和美丽的景色，还可以使你的身体健康，你不需要付出任何代价，因此 D 项“你可以在任何时间任何地点做这件事。”文中未提及。故选 D。 25. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约 700 卡路里；根据第三段中“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧 600 卡路里；根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约 400 卡路里；根据第五段中“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧 200 卡路里。因此跑步一小时能燃烧最多的卡路里。故选 A。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约 400 卡路里。如果玛丽跳嘻哈舞跳了一个半小时，一个半小时消耗(400 ×1.5 = 600) 卡路里，因此她燃烧 600 卡路里。故选 D。 27. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约 700 卡路里；根据第三段中“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧 600 卡路里；根据第四段中“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约 400 卡路里；根据第五段中“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧 200 卡路里。因此，这些活动都帮助燃烧一些卡路里。故选 C。 28. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二到第五段分别介绍了跑步、跳绳、跳舞和遛狗这几项运动，它们让我们家里的每个人都离开椅子，帮助我们在燃烧卡路里的同时让家人更亲近。所以文章的结构为总分结构，即①/②③④⑤。故选B。 三、书面表达例文： I Want to Be a Doctor Time flies like sand through fingers. Another school year has passed. I have a clear goal for my future—I want to be a doctor. Being a doctor means saving lives and bringing hope. When I see doctors cure patients, I’m deeply moved. To achieve this, I’ll study hard, especially science subjects. I’ll also do more volunteer work to gain experience. I believe with my efforts, I can make my dream come true. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为自我勉励性质的英语文章； ②时态：时态主要为“一般将来时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已明确给出，考生需围绕“想成为什么样的人、即将从事的职业、原因及达成途径”进行阐述，不要遗漏提示中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接点明“I Want to Be a(n)...”的主题，引出下文要介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“想成为的职业、原因以及达成途径”几个方面展开详细介绍；第三步，书写结语。表达自己为实现目标而努力的决心或期待。 [亮点词汇] ①make...come true 使……成为现实 [高分句型] ①Being a doctor means saving lives and bringing hope.（动名词短语作主语） $