精品解析：上海杨浦区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题

2025学年度第二学期期末（样题） 高二年级英语学科 试卷 2026年6月 考生注意： 1．考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2．本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Michelin Guide Near the end of the 19th century, two brothers founded the Michelin tire company in France. At the time, there were fewer than 3,000 cars in the country. To boost sales, they created a guidebook ____1____ people would drive more and their company could sell more tires. This book contained maps, maintenance tips, and suggestions for places ____2____ travelers could stop, especially restaurants. The Michelin Guide was first published free of charge, hoping to encourage longer journeys. Since that small beginning, its popularity ____3____ (grow) quickly. Hoping to expand the business, they began rating restaurants. Today, these stars are highly sought-after worldwide. ____4____ makes this guide so powerful is its strict standards. Only about 400 places have two stars, and fewer than 140 have three. Stars are awarded ____5____ (base) on secret checks. Urged not to reveal ____6____, inspectors keep their identity a secret. This prevents special treatment, ____7____ (allow) bosses to decide ratings fairly. Most reviewed restaurants receive zero stars, but a few are recognized. In order to maintain standards, inspectors revisit existing starred restaurants. If quality drops, stars ____8____ (take) away. Additionally, Michelin offers other awards. The Bib Gourmand highlights restaurants ____9____ great food at low prices. The Michelin Plate recognizes restaurants that are not good enough for a star but still serve delicious meals. The Green Star is given to eco-friendly restaurants. As a result, these strict rules keep the guide _____10_____ (direct) food lovers to the best meals. Many tourists plan their trips according to the guide, which shows its huge influence on modern travel. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. browsing B. drain C. exposure D. fuel E. fulfillment F. genuinely G. guilty H. initial I. originally J. prioritizing K. temporary Think Before You Buy We have all given in to the temptation to buy something we don’t truly need. Often, while ____11____ online, we see a product with glowing reviews and, unable to resist, click “buy” immediately. Impulse buying (冲动购物) is the act of making unplanned purchases without careful thought. This habit can quickly ____12____ your bank account and prevent you from reaching your long-term goals. Social media only makes this worse; studies show nearly half of users have made an impulse purchase, yet most later felt sorry about it. Giving in to impulse purchases can have serious effects on our savings. Here are ways to stop it: 1. Stick to a Shopping List Make a list of items you ____13____ need before you shop. This provides a clear plan and reduces the chance of being influenced by sudden urges. 2. Follow the 24-Hour Rule When you feel the urge to buy something, force yourself to wait for 24 hours. Often, the ____14____ excitement fades during this cooling-off period. Use this time wisely to research the item’s features, read customer reviews, compare prices online and check if the purchase fits your budget. 3. Clean Up Your Feed Social media is full of livestream shopping (直播带货) that ____15____ our desire to spend. Unfollow brands and influencers that tempt you. Reducing your ____16____ to this shopping format is a direct way to save money. You might even want to delete shopping apps from your phone to remove the temptation completely. 4. Focus on Long-Term Goals Set clear financial goals instead of just saying you want to save, and ____17____ these goals helps you control your spending and avoid wasting money. 5. Pay with Cash Withdraw a specific amount of cash for your purchases. Using physical money makes you more aware of how much you spend and helps you avoid overspending. 6. Recognize the Warning Signs Watch for red flags like spending more than you intended, hiding purchases from family, or feeling ____18____ about your spending. It is easy to give in to ____19____ pleasures, but reminding yourself of your goals helps you find lasting ____20____. By controlling impulses, you can take control of your financial future. Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Companies spend billions advertising to children and young teens. Though most don’t have jobs or a steady income, Generation Alpha in the U.S. still managed to spend US$101 billion in 2024, indicating to advertisers that they are a ____21____ market. Young people represent a goldmine of future ____22____, so if companies develop brand loyalty early, they’ll have customers for life. And though young people’s ready cash is limited, they possess the ability to ____23____ their parents to buy them things. With no living expenses to pay, children are easily tempted into purchasing ____24____ products. Their still-developing brains also make them easy ____25____ for advertisers as they may be too young to recognize false claims made in ads. As children’s use of internet-connected devices increases, so does the reach of advertising. Ads are ____26____ into video games, TikToks, movies and even school materials. Advertising has its uses. It informs consumers about ____27____ products and encourages business competition. However, it can have a negative impact on consumers — especially children and teens. Advertisers use bright colors, prizes, humor, music, characters and celebrity support to suggest that a product brings happiness or earns you ____28____. For children and youth, who have lower self-control, these advertisements have a powerful effect. They can lead to unhealthy choices like smoking, drinking or eating junk food. Ads can also harm one’s self-image by promoting ____29____ beauty standards. They also encourage ____30____, making people believe happiness comes from shopping. This constant pressure to keep up with trends leaves many feeling anxious and dissatisfied. As advertising increases, so does the need for government ____31____. Ads are already ____32____ on kids’ channels, and false claims are illegal. As of January 2025, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also requires parents’ permission before companies can use children’s data to ____33____ ads. Though regulations can help protect you from some of advertising’s negative influences, they aren’t enough. It’s important to understand how ads work to gain greater control over your buying habits. Use ____34____ thinking: What does the ad promise? Is it too good to be true? Can the source be trusted? Finally, ____35____ screen time to avoid ads and reduce unplanned spending. While advertising is an unavoidable part of modern life, it doesn’t have to control your choices or decide your lifestyle. 21. A. mature B. worthwhile C. global D. typical 22. A. trends B. generations C. profits D. goals 23. A. persuade B. forbid C. attract D. appeal 24. A. undersized B. undervalued C. overestimated D. overpriced 25. A. targets B. access C. alternative D. victory 26. A. involved B. transformed C. woven D. divided 27. A. standard B. innovative C. potential D. vital 28. A. health B. sympathy C. stability D. admiration 29. A. unrelated B. unremarkable C. unrealistic D. unreliable 30. A. consumerism B. perseverance C. sustainability D. competition 31. A. insurance B. interaction C. intervention D. investigation 32. A. allowed B. restricted C. adapted D. granted 33. A. tailor B. deliver C. remove D. process 34. A. contradictory B. creative C. conventional D. critical 35. A. pay attention to B. keep up with C. cut back on D. get down to Section B Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Dinosaur fossil (化石) are valuable in many different ways. They can sell for huge sums of money at auction (拍卖会) but they are also important to science, because they help scientists learn about animals that lived long before humans existed. Most dinosaur fossils used to be sold to museums. However, in the 1990s, fossil collectors began to sell their finds to private buyers at auction. This interest in dinosaur remains was partly driven by the 1993 film Jurassic Park. Some people are unhappy about this. They think dinosaur fossils should be given to museums, where they can be carefully studied by scientists and be put on show for everyone. Others say fossil collectors should be able to sell their finds for what they are worth, even if that means they go to private buyers. What’s your view? Should dinosaur fossils be sold at auction? It doesn’t seem fair that museums have the right to own all dinosaur fossils. Why shouldn’t fossil collectors be able to sell their finds for what they are truly worth? If that means the fossils end up with private buyers at auction, not museums, then so be it. Many of these buyers are responsible owners who take care of their collections and many have loaned their dinosaur fossils to museums so the public can still see them. Besides, allowing dinosaur fossils to be sold to private buyers for lots of money builds interest in the area. This in turn encourages people to learn about fossils and go out to look for them. Without these fossil hunters, perhaps some important discoveries may never have been made. Dinosaur fossils are important historical and scientific items, so they should be made available to museums and scientists where they can be properly studied and cared for. As records of the planet’s history, they should be accessible to everyone, and the best way this can be done is through museums. It’s not a good idea to allow objects that could reveal so much information about Earth to be sold at auction. What if the buyers aren’t responsible and don’t look after them properly? Private buyers might also keep them hidden from public view, so no one gets to see them. Nowadays, some dinosaur fossils sell for huge sums of money, and it isn’t fair if only the very richest people have access to them. 36. Why did more dinosaur fossils start going to private collectors in the 1990s? A. Because few museums had space to display them. B. Because the film Jurassic Park raised public interest. C. Because private buyers offered better care for fossils. D. Because scientists found more fossils in the 1990s. 37. What is one argument made by supporters of fossil auction? A. It prevents fossil hunters from making illegal discoveries. B. It guarantees that fossils will always be displayed in museums. C. It sparks interest and encourages more people to search for fossils. D. It ensures that fossils are sold at the prices beyond their true value. 38. The underlined word “this” in the right column refers to ________. A. making fossils accessible to everyone B. banning individuals buying fossils C. keeping fossils in good condition D. studying the history of the planet 39. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how dinosaur fossils are formed. B. To describe the process of auctioning fossils. C. To encourage readers to buy dinosaur fossils. D. To present two opposing views on fossil ownership. (B) 2026 Colorado Book Awards The 2026 Colorado Book Awards are presented in partnership with the Metropolitan State University of Denver (MSU Denver) and the Denver Project for Humanistic inquiry (Dphi), Design credit: Mia Moreno (MSU Denver student). Submit to the 2026 Colorado Book Awards We are now accepting submissions for the 2026 Colorado Book Awards. Books published between November 1,2024 and December 31, 2025 qualify. The Colorado Book Awards annually celebrate the accomplishments of Colorado’s outstanding authors, editors, illustrators and photographers. Volunteer selectors and judges from across Colorado read submissions to choose finalists and winners. Deadline to submit: March 22, 2026 Requirements: ● Books published for the first time between November 1, 2024 and December 31, 2025 are accepted. ● A primary contributor to the book must currently live in Colorado and have a Colorado address. ● All submitted books must have a valid ISBN and a 2025 publication date. However, books published in November or December 2024 are also accepted. ● Reprinted editions or books previously published in another form must feature at least 50% new content to be considered (documentation will be required). ● We strongly recommend that books be professionally edited. Independently published work is welcome. ● Please note that all book submissions must be shipped to MSU Denver. ● More entry requirements and directions are provided on the submission form (click below). 40. Which of the following books would most likely qualify for the award? A. A novel by a Colorado resident, published in October 2024. B. A photography book published in 2025 by a New York editor. C. A reprinted edition with 60% new content, published in 2025. D. An independently published book without professional editing. 41. When and where should the submitted books be sent this year? A. To Dphi before November 1,2026. B. To MSU Denver before March 22,2026. C. To volunteer judges before the end of 2026. D. To Mia Moreno before December 31,2026. 42. The text is most likely to appear ________. A. on a website B. on a university poster C. in a newspaper D. in a literature magazine (C) Fashion trends are said to come and go over the years, and this may be true for orcas (虎鲸) as well. Whale watchers and researchers recently spotted a behavior that was previously seen in the 1980s: Some of the whales are sporting dead salmon (三文鱼) on top of their heads like a hat. Last October, a photographer captured a picture of a 33-year-old male orca known as J27, nicknamed “Blackberry,” carrying a salmon on its head. Blackberry is a member of an orca population called the southern resident whales, which live off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Researcher Deborah Giles told NBC News that in early November she also saw a southern resident whale with a salmon on its head. The sightings reminded some observers of the year 1987, when a female southern resident orca started wearing a salmon on her head, inspiring members of her group and two other groups to start doing the same. This behavior was considered an example of orcas participating in a cultural fad (something popular but short-lived). Within a year, the fashion trend appeared to have ended. Researcher Andrew Foote from the University of Oslo told New Scientist it’s possible that some orcas who experienced the salmon hat trend in 1987 have now restarted it, but other scientists say there is not enough evidence to declare that the southern residents are bringing back a decades-old fad. “In my opinion, it’s a stretch to say it was a salmon hat,” Monika Wieland Shields of the Orca Behavior Institute told CHEK News, “and an even greater stretch to say the fad is back off a single photo.” The reason why orcas carry salmon around is still a mystery to scientists. One possibility is that when plenty of food is available, the creatures like to save an extra fish as a snack for later. The “hats” could also be a way to impress a mate or a silly form of play. Drones equipped with cameras — technology that was not available in 1987 — could help scientists solve this mystery by following the orcas to see what they ultimately do with the salmon. Furthermore, these drone videos allow researchers to share the footage with the public instantly, turning a scientific observation into a popular moment that raises awareness about marine life conservation. 43. What phenomenon was observed among the southern resident orcas recently? A. They were seen carrying dead salmon on their heads. B. They began hunting salmon in groups more frequently. C. They began to show signs of stress due to lack of food. D. They started to follow the behavior of orcas in other areas. 44. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? A. The orca Blackberry wasn’t the one that started the trend in the 1980s. B. The behavior decades ago was considered a short-lived cultural fashion. C. Andrew Foote believed the trend was possibly a restart of the 1987 event. D. Recent sightings proved that the southern orcas had migrated to new areas. 45. How did Monika Wieland Shields react to the return of the “salmon hat” fad? A. She agreed it was a clear restart of a cultural tradition. B. She believed it indicated orcas had long-term memory. C. She regarded it as an overstatement with little evidence. D. She insisted it was a sign of a serious threat to the ecosystem. 46. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Scientists should do something to promote marine life protection. B. The public might get a chance to see how the “salmon hats” are used. C. Technology could provide supportive evidence to prove the fad is back. D. Scientists have figured out the exact reason why orcas wear salmon hats. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Creating a New Type of Plastic From toothbrushes and shampoo bottles to furniture and toys, plastic is used to make many everyday items — but only about 9% of the plastic we use is recycled. The rest is burned or thrown into a landfill. ____47____ If it gets thrown away, it often makes its way into the ocean, where it can take hundreds of years to biodegrade and harms marine wildlife. To help tackle the plastic waste problem, scientists have developed a type of plastic that will break down in seawater. Biodegradable plastics are ones that break down naturally. Currently, however, existing biodegradable plastics don’t break down completely in the sea. ____48____ Microplastics also end up in our soil, water, and food supplies, eventually making their way into our bodies. To address this issue, the new plastic could be part of the solution. It was created by researchers at the RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science in Japan. ____49____ When it dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances it was made from, and then bacteria can break those down fully. Tests have shown that the plastic can break down within a few hours in seawater and in about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other benefits, too. It is not poisonous and nonflammable, so it can’t easily be burned. When the new material is heated to a temperature of 248°F, it can be shaped into a variety of forms. It can be customized to have a hard and scratch-resistant surface, turned into flexible rubber objects, or used to manufacture strong items that hold a lot of weight. ____50____ Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said, “With this new material, we have created a new family of plastics that are strong, stable, recyclable, can serve multiple functions, and importantly, do not generate microplastics.” A. Instead, they break up into tiny pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds, and animals. B. This new material can meet our needs without costing too much money. C. The plastic could be used in 3D printing and to create common products, such as medical equipment or single-use packaging. D. When plastic waste is burned, it releases gases that harm the environment. E. German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. F. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully disappears in salty seawater. Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What Is Your Emotional Quotient (EQ)? Have you ever tried to talk with someone who constantly dominates the conversation? Perhaps, you can’t get a word in because they talk over you. This person probably suffers from low emotional intelligence or has a low emotional quotient. EQ is the ability to be aware of, manage and express your own emotions in appropriate ways. It also includes being aware of the emotions of those around you and responding in appropriate ways. Many people with a high EQ often have good communication as well as strong problem-solving abilities. This helps them handle tricky social situations, which sometimes involve multiple viewpoints and many emotions. These abilities are beneficial in professional and personal settings alike, whereas a low EQ can cause problems. A low EQ means you have trouble expressing your emotions and difficulty recognizing what others are feeling. You don’t value other people’s opinions, which often contributes to difficulty in maintaining relationships. You don’t like to admit your faults, and you don’t usually give praise. You often give inappropriate responses in social and professional settings, causing others to feel confused or embarrassed. If you believe you have a low EQ, take heart; you can make changes and improve it. First, work to become more aware of your emotions and how you respond to various situations. Understanding your feelings makes it easier to manage them. Next, actively listen to others by asking questions and watching their body language. This will enable you to respond correctly and give them valuable advice and encouragement. Finally, staying positive and calm can help those around you to stay calm in stressful situations. When you develop a high EQ, it will provide benefits and victories in many areas of your life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 春日里看见满地落叶让我心中充满惆怅。（fill）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 在这种危急时刻你应该施以援手而不是袖手旁观。（rather）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 这款应用软件操作简便且功能强大，深受年轻人的喜爱。(which) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 人工智能驱动的在线平台与教育的融合能否取代传统课堂在培养核心素养方面的作用目前尚无定论。(It) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 结合具体事例,谈谈你对“A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor.”这句谚语的理解与看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年度第二学期期末（样题） 高二年级英语学科 试卷 2026年6月 考生注意： 1．考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2．本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Michelin Guide Near the end of the 19th century, two brothers founded the Michelin tire company in France. At the time, there were fewer than 3,000 cars in the country. To boost sales, they created a guidebook ____1____ people would drive more and their company could sell more tires. This book contained maps, maintenance tips, and suggestions for places ____2____ travelers could stop, especially restaurants. The Michelin Guide was first published free of charge, hoping to encourage longer journeys. Since that small beginning, its popularity ____3____ (grow) quickly. Hoping to expand the business, they began rating restaurants. Today, these stars are highly sought-after worldwide. ____4____ makes this guide so powerful is its strict standards. Only about 400 places have two stars, and fewer than 140 have three. Stars are awarded ____5____ (base) on secret checks. Urged not to reveal ____6____, inspectors keep their identity a secret. This prevents special treatment, ____7____ (allow) bosses to decide ratings fairly. Most reviewed restaurants receive zero stars, but a few are recognized. In order to maintain standards, inspectors revisit existing starred restaurants. If quality drops, stars ____8____ (take) away. Additionally, Michelin offers other awards. The Bib Gourmand highlights restaurants ____9____ great food at low prices. The Michelin Plate recognizes restaurants that are not good enough for a star but still serve delicious meals. The Green Star is given to eco-friendly restaurants. As a result, these strict rules keep the guide _____10_____ (direct) food lovers to the best meals. Many tourists plan their trips according to the guide, which shows its huge influence on modern travel. 【答案】1. so 2. where 3. has grown 4. What 5. based 6. themselves 7. allowing 8. will be taken 9. with 10. directing 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了《米其林指南》的创立背景、发展历程、星级评定标准、其他奖项以及其对美食和旅游业的巨大影响。 【1题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：为了促进销售，他们创建了一本指南，以便人们会更多地开车，他们的公司就能卖出更多轮胎。根据句意，设空处引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”用“so that”引导目的状语从句，that在非正式语境下可以省略。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这本书包含地图、维修提示以及游客可以停留的地方的建议，尤其是餐厅。先行词为“places”，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词“where”引导定语从句。 【3题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自那微小的开端以来，它的受欢迎程度已经迅速增长。根据时间状语“Since that small beginning”可知，动作从过去持续至今，应用现在完成时；主语“popularity”为单数，谓语动词用单数。 【4题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：使这本指南如此有影响力的是其严格的标准。设空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，故用“What”。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：星级评定是基于秘密检查授予的。“be based on”为固定搭配，意为“基于”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词“based”作状语。 【6题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：检查员被要求不要暴露自己，他们对身份保密。主语“inspectors”与reveal的宾语指代一致，用反身代词“themselves”作“reveal”的宾语，表示“暴露自身身份”。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这防止了特殊对待，使得老板们能公平决定评级。设空处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词“allowing”。 【8题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：如果质量下降，星级将被取消。条件状语从句用一般现在时（drops），主句用一般将来时；主语“stars”与“take away”为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：必比登推介突出那些以低价提供优质食物的餐厅。设空处后为名词短语，作“restaurants”的定语，用介词“with”表示“具有，带有”。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：结果，这些严格的规定使指南持续引导美食爱好者找到最佳餐食。本句为“keep +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词“direct”与宾语“the guide”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. browsing B. drain C. exposure D. fuel E. fulfillment F. genuinely G. guilty H. initial I. originally J. prioritizing K. temporary Think Before You Buy We have all given in to the temptation to buy something we don’t truly need. Often, while ____11____ online, we see a product with glowing reviews and, unable to resist, click “buy” immediately. Impulse buying (冲动购物) is the act of making unplanned purchases without careful thought. This habit can quickly ____12____ your bank account and prevent you from reaching your long-term goals. Social media only makes this worse; studies show nearly half of users have made an impulse purchase, yet most later felt sorry about it. Giving in to impulse purchases can have serious effects on our savings. Here are ways to stop it: 1. Stick to a Shopping List Make a list of items you ____13____ need before you shop. This provides a clear plan and reduces the chance of being influenced by sudden urges. 2. Follow the 24-Hour Rule When you feel the urge to buy something, force yourself to wait for 24 hours. Often, the ____14____ excitement fades during this cooling-off period. Use this time wisely to research the item’s features, read customer reviews, compare prices online and check if the purchase fits your budget. 3. Clean Up Your Feed Social media is full of livestream shopping (直播带货) that ____15____ our desire to spend. Unfollow brands and influencers that tempt you. Reducing your ____16____ to this shopping format is a direct way to save money. You might even want to delete shopping apps from your phone to remove the temptation completely. 4. Focus on Long-Term Goals Set clear financial goals instead of just saying you want to save, and ____17____ these goals helps you control your spending and avoid wasting money. 5. Pay with Cash Withdraw a specific amount of cash for your purchases. Using physical money makes you more aware of how much you spend and helps you avoid overspending. 6. Recognize the Warning Signs Watch for red flags like spending more than you intended, hiding purchases from family, or feeling ____18____ about your spending. It is easy to give in to ____19____ pleasures, but reminding yourself of your goals helps you find lasting ____20____. By controlling impulses, you can take control of your financial future. 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. F 14. H 15. D 16. C 17. J 18. G 19. K 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了冲动购物的危害及六种克制冲动消费的实用方法。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：通常，在网上浏览时，我们看到一款好评如潮的产品，便忍不住立即点击“购买”。根据空后“online”可知，此处指在网上浏览商品，应用动词browse“浏览”，在while引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语都是we，且从句含有be动词，省略“主语+be动词”，用现在分词形式browsing。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这个习惯会迅速耗尽你的银行账户，阻碍你实现长期目标。根据空后“your bank account”及空前情态动词can可知，空处应填drain，意为“耗尽，使流光”，为动词原形，在句中作谓语。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：在购物前列出你真正需要的物品。空处修饰动词need，应用副词genuinely，意为“真正地”，强调列出的物品是确实需要的。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通常，最初的兴奋感会在这段冷静期内消退。此处修饰名词excitement，应用形容词initial，意为“最初的”，指刚产生购物冲动时的兴奋感。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：社交媒体上充斥着直播带货，它们助长了我们的消费欲望。空前that引导的定语从句修饰先行词livestream shopping，从句缺少谓语动词，应用动词fuel，意为“刺激，加强”，作谓语，与desire搭配，表示直播带货加剧了购物欲望。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：减少你对这种购物形式的接触是省钱的直接方式。根据空前“your”可知，空处需填名词exposure，意为“接触、暴露”，在句中作动名词reducing的宾语，与to搭配，表示减少接触直播购物。 【17题详解】 考查动名词。句意：设定明确的财务目标，而不是只说你想存钱，优先考虑这些目标能帮助你控制开支。根据空后“these goals”可知，空处需要动名词形式prioritizing作主语，意为“优先考虑”。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：注意危险信号，比如花超预算、向家人隐瞒购买行为，或对自己的消费感到内疚。空处作表语，应用形容词guilty，意为“内疚的”，feel guilty about意为“对……感到内疚”。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：屈服于短暂的快乐很容易，但提醒自己目标能帮你找到持久的满足感。此处修饰名词pleasures，应用形容词temporary作定语，意为“短暂的”，与后文的lasting“持久的”形成对比。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：屈服于短暂的快乐很容易，但提醒自己目标能帮你找到持久的满足感。根据空前形容词lasting可知，空处需填名词fulfillment，意为“满足感，成就感”，在句中作动词find的宾语。 Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Companies spend billions advertising to children and young teens. Though most don’t have jobs or a steady income, Generation Alpha in the U.S. still managed to spend US$101 billion in 2024, indicating to advertisers that they are a ____21____ market. Young people represent a goldmine of future ____22____, so if companies develop brand loyalty early, they’ll have customers for life. And though young people’s ready cash is limited, they possess the ability to ____23____ their parents to buy them things. With no living expenses to pay, children are easily tempted into purchasing ____24____ products. Their still-developing brains also make them easy ____25____ for advertisers as they may be too young to recognize false claims made in ads. As children’s use of internet-connected devices increases, so does the reach of advertising. Ads are ____26____ into video games, TikToks, movies and even school materials. Advertising has its uses. It informs consumers about ____27____ products and encourages business competition. However, it can have a negative impact on consumers — especially children and teens. Advertisers use bright colors, prizes, humor, music, characters and celebrity support to suggest that a product brings happiness or earns you ____28____. For children and youth, who have lower self-control, these advertisements have a powerful effect. They can lead to unhealthy choices like smoking, drinking or eating junk food. Ads can also harm one’s self-image by promoting ____29____ beauty standards. They also encourage ____30____, making people believe happiness comes from shopping. This constant pressure to keep up with trends leaves many feeling anxious and dissatisfied. As advertising increases, so does the need for government ____31____. Ads are already ____32____ on kids’ channels, and false claims are illegal. As of January 2025, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also requires parents’ permission before companies can use children’s data to ____33____ ads. Though regulations can help protect you from some of advertising’s negative influences, they aren’t enough. It’s important to understand how ads work to gain greater control over your buying habits. Use ____34____ thinking: What does the ad promise? Is it too good to be true? Can the source be trusted? Finally, ____35____ screen time to avoid ads and reduce unplanned spending. While advertising is an unavoidable part of modern life, it doesn’t have to control your choices or decide your lifestyle. 21. A. mature B. worthwhile C. global D. typical 22. A. trends B. generations C. profits D. goals 23. A. persuade B. forbid C. attract D. appeal 24. A. undersized B. undervalued C. overestimated D. overpriced 25. A. targets B. access C. alternative D. victory 26. A. involved B. transformed C. woven D. divided 27. A. standard B. innovative C. potential D. vital 28. A. health B. sympathy C. stability D. admiration 29. A. unrelated B. unremarkable C. unrealistic D. unreliable 30. A. consumerism B. perseverance C. sustainability D. competition 31. A. insurance B. interaction C. intervention D. investigation 32. A. allowed B. restricted C. adapted D. granted 33. A. tailor B. deliver C. remove D. process 34. A. contradictory B. creative C. conventional D. critical 35. A. pay attention to B. keep up with C. cut back on D. get down to 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了面向儿童与青少年的广告投放现状，阐述了广告的正向作用、其对未成年人的多重负面影响，以及政府监管措施和个人规避广告不良影响的方法。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管大多数阿尔法一代没有工作或稳定收入，2024年美国的这一群体仍消费了1010亿美元，这向广告商表明他们是一个值得投入的市场。A. mature成熟的；B. worthwhile有价值的；C. global全球的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“Generation Alpha in the U.S. still managed to spend US$101 billion in 2024”可知，该群体消费规模庞大，对广告商而言是具备商业价值的市场。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：年轻人是未来利润的金矿，因此如果企业早早培养品牌忠诚度，就能收获终身客户。A. trends趋势；B. generations一代人；C. profits利润；D. goals目标。根据下文“so if companies develop brand loyalty early, they’ll have customers for life”可知，长期稳定的客户群能为企业带来持续收益，profits对应金矿的商业价值属性。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管年轻人的可支配现金有限，但他们有能力说服父母为自己购买物品。A. persuade说服；B. forbid禁止；C. attract吸引；D. appeal呼吁。根据上文“young people’s ready cash is limited”并结合常识可知，未成年人自身购买力不足，但会说服家长为自己消费。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于无需支付生活开支，孩子们很容易被诱惑购买定价过高的产品。A. undersized尺寸过小的；B. undervalued被低估的；C. overestimated被高估的；D. overpriced定价过高的。根据上文“With no living expenses to pay, children are easily tempted into purchasing”可知，孩子没有经济压力，容易冲动购买价格虚高的商品。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们尚未发育完全的大脑也使其成为广告商容易锁定的目标，因为他们可能年龄太小，无法识别广告中的虚假宣传。A. targets目标；B. access通道；C. alternative可供选择的事物；D. victory胜利。根据下文“as they may be too young to recognize false claims made in ads”可知，儿童辨别能力弱，容易成为广告针对的目标。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：广告被植入电子游戏、抖音短视频、电影甚至校园材料中。A. involved涉及；B. transformed转变；C. woven编织；D. divided分开。根据上文“As children’s use of internet-connected devices increases, so does the reach of advertising.”可知，广告的覆盖范围不断扩大，渗透到各类儿童接触的内容中，woven与into搭配表示“植入”，契合语境。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：广告有其积极作用，它向消费者介绍创新产品，并促进商业竞争。A. standard标准的；B. innovative创新的；C. potential潜在的；D. vital至关重要的。根据上文“Advertising has its uses”可知，此处说明广告的正向功能，介绍创新产品是广告的典型作用。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：广告商运用鲜艳的色彩、奖品、幽默、音乐、卡通角色和名人代言，暗示产品能带来快乐，或是帮你赢得他人赞赏。A. health健康；B. sympathy同情；C. stability稳定；D. admiration赞赏。根据上文“suggest that a product brings happiness”可知，此处与“brings happiness”并列，是广告营造的社交价值，admiration符合广告的营销逻辑。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：广告还会通过宣扬不切实际的审美标准，损害人们的自我认知。A. unrelated无关的；B. unremarkable平凡的；C. unrealistic不切实际的；D. unreliable不可靠的。根据上文“Ads can also harm one’s self-image”可知，不切实际的审美标准会打击人的自我认知。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们还会助长消费主义，让人们相信幸福源于购物。A. consumerism消费主义；B. perseverance毅力；C. sustainability可持续性；D. competition竞争。根据下文“making people believe happiness comes from shopping”可知，幸福来自购物是消费主义的典型观念。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着广告投放增多，政府干预的必要性也随之提升。A. insurance保险；B. interaction互动；C. intervention干预；D. investigation调查。根据下文“As of January 2025, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also requires parents’ permission”可知，此处指政府对广告行业的监管干预。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：儿童频道的广告已受到限制，虚假宣传属于违法行为。A. allowed允许；B. restricted限制；C. adapted适应；D. granted授予。根据下文“and false claims are illegal”可知，前后并列说明对广告的监管约束，restricted体现了对儿童频道广告的限制要求。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：截至2025年1月，美国联邦贸易委员会还要求，企业在利用儿童数据定制个性化广告前，必须征得家长同意。A. tailor定制；B. deliver递送；C. remove移除；D. process处理。根据上文“use children’s data”可知，利用用户数据的核心目的是投放个性化、定制化的精准广告。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：运用批判性思维：这款广告承诺了什么？它是否好得不真实？信息来源是否可信？A. contradictory矛盾的；B. creative有创造力的；C. conventional传统的；D. critical批判性的。根据下文“What does the ad promise? Is it too good to be true? Can the source be trusted?”可知，此处指理性审视、辩证思考广告内容。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：最后，减少屏幕使用时间以避开广告，降低非计划消费。A. pay attention to注意；B. keep up with跟上；C. cut back on减少；D. get down to开始认真做。根据下文“to avoid ads and reduce unplanned spending”可知，要达到规避广告、减少冲动消费的目的，需要减少接触电子屏幕的时长。 Section B Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Dinosaur fossil (化石) are valuable in many different ways. They can sell for huge sums of money at auction (拍卖会) but they are also important to science, because they help scientists learn about animals that lived long before humans existed. Most dinosaur fossils used to be sold to museums. However, in the 1990s, fossil collectors began to sell their finds to private buyers at auction. This interest in dinosaur remains was partly driven by the 1993 film Jurassic Park. Some people are unhappy about this. They think dinosaur fossils should be given to museums, where they can be carefully studied by scientists and be put on show for everyone. Others say fossil collectors should be able to sell their finds for what they are worth, even if that means they go to private buyers. What’s your view? Should dinosaur fossils be sold at auction? It doesn’t seem fair that museums have the right to own all dinosaur fossils. Why shouldn’t fossil collectors be able to sell their finds for what they are truly worth? If that means the fossils end up with private buyers at auction, not museums, then so be it. Many of these buyers are responsible owners who take care of their collections and many have loaned their dinosaur fossils to museums so the public can still see them. Besides, allowing dinosaur fossils to be sold to private buyers for lots of money builds interest in the area. This in turn encourages people to learn about fossils and go out to look for them. Without these fossil hunters, perhaps some important discoveries may never have been made. Dinosaur fossils are important historical and scientific items, so they should be made available to museums and scientists where they can be properly studied and cared for. As records of the planet’s history, they should be accessible to everyone, and the best way this can be done is through museums. It’s not a good idea to allow objects that could reveal so much information about Earth to be sold at auction. What if the buyers aren’t responsible and don’t look after them properly? Private buyers might also keep them hidden from public view, so no one gets to see them. Nowadays, some dinosaur fossils sell for huge sums of money, and it isn’t fair if only the very richest people have access to them. 36. Why did more dinosaur fossils start going to private collectors in the 1990s? A. Because few museums had space to display them. B. Because the film Jurassic Park raised public interest. C. Because private buyers offered better care for fossils. D. Because scientists found more fossils in the 1990s. 37. What is one argument made by supporters of fossil auction? A. It prevents fossil hunters from making illegal discoveries. B. It guarantees that fossils will always be displayed in museums. C. It sparks interest and encourages more people to search for fossils. D. It ensures that fossils are sold at the prices beyond their true value. 38. The underlined word “this” in the right column refers to ________. A. making fossils accessible to everyone B. banning individuals buying fossils C. keeping fossils in good condition D. studying the history of the planet 39. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how dinosaur fossils are formed. B. To describe the process of auctioning fossils. C. To encourage readers to buy dinosaur fossils. D. To present two opposing views on fossil ownership. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要围绕“恐龙化石是否应该被拍卖”这一话题，分别呈现了支持者和反对者的不同观点。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, in the 1990s, fossil collectors began to sell their finds to private buyers at auction. This interest in dinosaur remains was partly driven by the 1993 film Jurassic Park.(然而，到了20世纪90年代，化石收藏者开始将他们的发现通过拍卖出售给私人买家。这种对恐龙遗骸的兴趣部分是由1993年的电影《侏罗纪公园》推动的。)”可知，20世纪90年代更多恐龙化石流向私人收藏者的原因是电影《侏罗纪公园》提升了公众兴趣。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格左栏倒数第二句“Besides, allowing dinosaur fossils to be sold to private buyers for lots of money builds interest in the area. This in turn encourages people to learn about fossils and go out to look for them.(此外，允许恐龙化石以高价卖给私人买家会激发人们对这一领域的兴趣，这反过来又鼓励人们了解化石并去寻找它们。)”可知，支持者认为拍卖能激发兴趣并鼓励更多人寻找化石。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。题干中的“this”位于右栏（即反对观点段）。根据画线词所在句“As records of the planet’s history, they should be accessible to everyone, and the best way this can be done is through museums.(作为地球历史的记录，它们应该对所有人开放，而实现这一目标的最好方式就是通过博物馆。)”可知，“this”指代前文的“be accessible to everyone”，即“让化石对所有人可及”。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题，第二段提出两种对立看法，第三段详述支持拍卖的理由（如“It doesn’t seem fair that museums have the right to own all dinosaur fossils.( 博物馆拥有所有恐龙化石的权利似乎并不公平。)”），第四段详述反对拍卖的理由（如“Dinosaur fossils are important historical and scientific items, so they should be made available to museums and scientists where they can be properly studied and cared for. (恐龙化石是重要的历史和科学文物，因此应将其提供给博物馆和科学家，以便他们能够得到妥善的研究和保护。)”可推断，文章旨在呈现两种对立观点。 (B) 2026 Colorado Book Awards The 2026 Colorado Book Awards are presented in partnership with the Metropolitan State University of Denver (MSU Denver) and the Denver Project for Humanistic inquiry (Dphi), Design credit: Mia Moreno (MSU Denver student). Submit to the 2026 Colorado Book Awards We are now accepting submissions for the 2026 Colorado Book Awards. Books published between November 1,2024 and December 31, 2025 qualify. The Colorado Book Awards annually celebrate the accomplishments of Colorado’s outstanding authors, editors, illustrators and photographers. Volunteer selectors and judges from across Colorado read submissions to choose finalists and winners. Deadline to submit: March 22, 2026 Requirements: ● Books published for the first time between November 1, 2024 and December 31, 2025 are accepted. ● A primary contributor to the book must currently live in Colorado and have a Colorado address. ● All submitted books must have a valid ISBN and a 2025 publication date. However, books published in November or December 2024 are also accepted. ● Reprinted editions or books previously published in another form must feature at least 50% new content to be considered (documentation will be required). ● We strongly recommend that books be professionally edited. Independently published work is welcome. ● Please note that all book submissions must be shipped to MSU Denver. ● More entry requirements and directions are provided on the submission form (click below). 40. Which of the following books would most likely qualify for the award? A. A novel by a Colorado resident, published in October 2024. B. A photography book published in 2025 by a New York editor. C. A reprinted edition with 60% new content, published in 2025. D. An independently published book without professional editing. 41. When and where should the submitted books be sent this year? A. To Dphi before November 1,2026. B. To MSU Denver before March 22,2026. C. To volunteer judges before the end of 2026. D. To Mia Moreno before December 31,2026. 42. The text is most likely to appear ________. A. on a website B. on a university poster C. in a newspaper D. in a literature magazine 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是2026年科罗拉多图书奖的投稿征集通知，介绍了奖项的合作方、投稿资格、投稿要求与截止日期等内容， 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题Requirements:中第四条“Reprinted editions or books previously published in another form must feature at least 50% new content to be considered (documentation will be required).(重印版或此前以其他形式出版的书籍，必须包含至少50%的新内容方可被考虑（需提供相关证明文件）)”可知，2025年出版的重印版，新增内容占60%的书籍最有可能符合该奖项的参评资格。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题“Deadline to submit: March 22,2026(投稿截止日期：2026年3月22日)”以及第三个小标题Requirements:中第六条“Please note that all book submissions must be shipped to MSU Denver(请注意，所有投稿图书必须寄往丹佛大都会州立大学)”，可知本次投稿需要在2026年3月22日前寄往丹佛大都会州立大学，对应选项B，其余选项的时间、地点均不符合原文内容。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“More entry requirements and directions are provided on the submission form (click below)(更多投稿要求和说明在投稿表格中，点击下方即可查看)”可知，“click(点击)”是网页才有的交互操作，可推知本文最可能出现在网站上。 (C) Fashion trends are said to come and go over the years, and this may be true for orcas (虎鲸) as well. Whale watchers and researchers recently spotted a behavior that was previously seen in the 1980s: Some of the whales are sporting dead salmon (三文鱼) on top of their heads like a hat. Last October, a photographer captured a picture of a 33-year-old male orca known as J27, nicknamed “Blackberry,” carrying a salmon on its head. Blackberry is a member of an orca population called the southern resident whales, which live off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Researcher Deborah Giles told NBC News that in early November she also saw a southern resident whale with a salmon on its head. The sightings reminded some observers of the year 1987, when a female southern resident orca started wearing a salmon on her head, inspiring members of her group and two other groups to start doing the same. This behavior was considered an example of orcas participating in a cultural fad (something popular but short-lived). Within a year, the fashion trend appeared to have ended. Researcher Andrew Foote from the University of Oslo told New Scientist it’s possible that some orcas who experienced the salmon hat trend in 1987 have now restarted it, but other scientists say there is not enough evidence to declare that the southern residents are bringing back a decades-old fad. “In my opinion, it’s a stretch to say it was a salmon hat,” Monika Wieland Shields of the Orca Behavior Institute told CHEK News, “and an even greater stretch to say the fad is back off a single photo.” The reason why orcas carry salmon around is still a mystery to scientists. One possibility is that when plenty of food is available, the creatures like to save an extra fish as a snack for later. The “hats” could also be a way to impress a mate or a silly form of play. Drones equipped with cameras — technology that was not available in 1987 — could help scientists solve this mystery by following the orcas to see what they ultimately do with the salmon. Furthermore, these drone videos allow researchers to share the footage with the public instantly, turning a scientific observation into a popular moment that raises awareness about marine life conservation. 43. What phenomenon was observed among the southern resident orcas recently? A. They were seen carrying dead salmon on their heads. B. They began hunting salmon in groups more frequently. C. They began to show signs of stress due to lack of food. D. They started to follow the behavior of orcas in other areas. 44. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? A. The orca Blackberry wasn’t the one that started the trend in the 1980s. B. The behavior decades ago was considered a short-lived cultural fashion. C. Andrew Foote believed the trend was possibly a restart of the 1987 event. D. Recent sightings proved that the southern orcas had migrated to new areas. 45. How did Monika Wieland Shields react to the return of the “salmon hat” fad? A. She agreed it was a clear restart of a cultural tradition. B. She believed it indicated orcas had long-term memory. C. She regarded it as an overstatement with little evidence. D. She insisted it was a sign of a serious threat to the ecosystem. 46. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Scientists should do something to promote marine life protection. B. The public might get a chance to see how the “salmon hats” are used. C. Technology could provide supportive evidence to prove the fad is back. D. Scientists have figured out the exact reason why orcas wear salmon hats. 【答案】43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍研究人员近期在太平洋西北海岸的南部居留虎鲸种群中，观测到了上世纪80年代曾出现过的虎鲸头顶着死三文鱼的行为，科学家对该行为是否是复古潮流、该行为的成因持有不同观点，同时提到新科技有望帮助解开谜题，还能提升公众的海洋生物保护意识。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Whale watchers and researchers recently spotted a behavior that was previously seen in the 1980s: Some of the whales are sporting dead salmon (三文鱼) on top of their heads like a hat.(最近，观鲸者和研究人员发现了一种此前在1980年代就曾出现的行为：一些鲸鱼头上戴着死三文鱼，就像戴一个帽子)”可知，被观测到的现象就是虎鲸头顶着死三文鱼。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。题目要求选出表述错误的一项。逐一验证选项：根据第三段“...the year 1987, when a female southern resident orca started wearing a salmon on her head, inspiring members of her group and two other groups to start doing the same.(1987年，当时一头雌性南部居留鲸开始将三文鱼戴在头上，这一行为激励了其所属群体以及另外两个群体也效仿)”可知，80年代的潮流是由一头雌性虎鲸发起的，而Blackberry是近年被拍到的雄性虎鲸，因此A正确；根据第三段“This behavior was considered an example of orcas participating in a cultural fad (something popular but short-lived). Within a year, the fashion trend appeared to have ended.(这种行为被认为是一种虎鲸参与文化潮流的体现（即流行但短暂的现象）。一年之内，这种时尚趋势似乎便消失了)”可知，数十年前的该行为被认为是短期的文化潮流，B项正确；根据第四段“Researcher Andrew Foote from the University of Oslo told New Scientist it’s possible that some orcas who experienced the salmon hat trend in 1987 have now restarted it(奥斯陆大学的研究员安德鲁·富特向《新科学家》表示，1987年经历过“三文鱼帽”风潮的某些虎鲸，可能如今已重新掀起这一潮流)”可知，Andrew Foote认为该潮流有可能是1987年事件的重启，C正确。文中从未提及南部虎鲸迁徙到新区域，D选项表述无原文依据，错误。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段Monika的话“In my opinion, it’s a stretch to say it was a salmon hat...and an even greater stretch to say the fad is back off a single photo.(在我看来，说这是一次‘三文鱼帽’风潮说得太夸张了……仅凭一张照片就说潮流回归，这就更牵强了)”可推知，她认为这一说法缺乏证据，属于夸大表述，过度解读。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Drones equipped with cameras — technology that was not available in 1987 — could help scientists solve this mystery by following the orcas to see what they ultimately do with the salmon. Furthermore, these drone videos allow researchers to share the footage with the public instantly, turning a scientific observation into a popular moment that raises awareness about marine life conservation.(配备摄像头的无人机——这种技术在1987年并不存在——可以帮助科学家追踪虎鲸的行为，了解它们最终如何处理这些三文鱼。此外，这些无人机拍摄的视频还能让研究人员立即与公众分享，将科学观察转化为大众关注的热门时刻，从而提高人们对海洋生物保护的认识)”可推知，靠着现代无人机技术，公众有机会看到“三文鱼帽”是如何被使用的。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Creating a New Type of Plastic From toothbrushes and shampoo bottles to furniture and toys, plastic is used to make many everyday items — but only about 9% of the plastic we use is recycled. The rest is burned or thrown into a landfill. ____47____ If it gets thrown away, it often makes its way into the ocean, where it can take hundreds of years to biodegrade and harms marine wildlife. To help tackle the plastic waste problem, scientists have developed a type of plastic that will break down in seawater. Biodegradable plastics are ones that break down naturally. Currently, however, existing biodegradable plastics don’t break down completely in the sea. ____48____ Microplastics also end up in our soil, water, and food supplies, eventually making their way into our bodies. To address this issue, the new plastic could be part of the solution. It was created by researchers at the RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science in Japan. ____49____ When it dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances it was made from, and then bacteria can break those down fully. Tests have shown that the plastic can break down within a few hours in seawater and in about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other benefits, too. It is not poisonous and nonflammable, so it can’t easily be burned. When the new material is heated to a temperature of 248°F, it can be shaped into a variety of forms. It can be customized to have a hard and scratch-resistant surface, turned into flexible rubber objects, or used to manufacture strong items that hold a lot of weight. ____50____ Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said, “With this new material, we have created a new family of plastics that are strong, stable, recyclable, can serve multiple functions, and importantly, do not generate microplastics.” A. Instead, they break up into tiny pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds, and animals. B. This new material can meet our needs without costing too much money. C. The plastic could be used in 3D printing and to create common products, such as medical equipment or single-use packaging. D. When plastic waste is burned, it releases gases that harm the environment. E. German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. F. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully disappears in salty seawater. 【答案】47. D 48. A 49. F 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了日本科研团队研发的一种可在海水中完全降解的新型塑料，阐述了传统塑料的污染现状、现有可生物降解塑料的缺陷，以及该新型塑料的降解原理、性能优势与应用前景。 【47题详解】 由上文“The rest is burned or thrown into a landfill.(剩余塑料会被焚烧或送入垃圾填埋场)”以及下文“If it gets thrown away, it often makes its way into the ocean, where it can take hundreds of years to biodegrade and harms marine wildlife.(一旦被丢弃，这类物品往往会流入海洋，它们需要数百年时间才能生物降解，还会危害海洋生物)”可知，上文点明了塑料垃圾的两种处理方式，下文具体说明塑料被丢弃后的危害，本空应承接上文，说明焚烧塑料带来的环境危害。D项“When plastic waste is burned, it releases gases that harm the environment.(焚烧塑料垃圾时，会释放危害环境的气体)”能承接上文的焚烧处理方式，与下文丢弃入海的危害形成并列逻辑，符合题意。 【48题详解】 由上文“Currently, however, existing biodegradable plastics don’t break down completely in the sea.(但目前现有的可生物降解塑料无法在海洋中完全降解)”以及下文“Microplastics also end up in our soil, water, and food supplies, eventually making their way into our bodies.(微塑料同样会进入土壤、水源与食物供应链，最终进入人体)”可知，上文指出现有可生物降解塑料的缺陷，下文进一步说明微塑料的危害，本空应承接上下文，说明不完全降解的产物是微塑料。A项“Instead, they break up into tiny pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds, and animals.(相反，它们会分解成被称为微塑料的微小碎片，而鱼类、鸟类以及其他各类动物常会误食这些碎片)”既承接了上文无法完全降解的特点，又引出下文微塑料的相关危害，符合题意。 【49题详解】 由上文“It was created by researchers at the RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science in Japan.(它由日本理化学研究所新兴物质科学研究中心的研究人员研发)”以及下文“When it dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances it was made from, and then bacteria can break those down fully.(它溶解时会分解为原本的组成物质，随后细菌可将其完全降解)”可知，上文引出新型塑料的研发背景，下文具体说明其降解过程，本空应点明该新型塑料的核心降解特性。F项“Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully disappears in salty seawater.(与其他可生物降解塑料不同，这种新型塑料能在咸海水中完全消失)”承接上文引出新型塑料的独特性，与下文完全降解的原理形成呼应，符合题意。 【50题详解】 由上文“It can be customized to have a hard and scratch-resistant surface, turned into flexible rubber objects, or used to manufacture strong items that hold a lot of weight.(它可以被定制为坚硬耐刮的表面、制成柔性橡胶制品，或是用于生产承重力强的物件)”以及下文“With this new material, we have created a new family of plastics that are strong, stable, recyclable, can serve multiple functions, and importantly, do not generate microplastics.(凭借这种新型材料，我们研发出了一类全新塑料，这类塑料强度高、性质稳定、可回收利用、具备多种功能，且关键一点是不会产生微塑料)”可知，上文介绍了新型塑料的多样性能，下文是对其价值的总括，本空应承接性能特点，说明其应用场景。C项“The plastic could be used in 3D printing and to create common products, such as medical equipment or single-use packaging.(这种塑料可应用于3D打印，以及制造医疗设备、一次性包装等常见产品)”承接上文的性能优势，说明其实际用途，自然引出下文的总结评价，承上启下，符合题意。 Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What Is Your Emotional Quotient (EQ)? Have you ever tried to talk with someone who constantly dominates the conversation? Perhaps, you can’t get a word in because they talk over you. This person probably suffers from low emotional intelligence or has a low emotional quotient. EQ is the ability to be aware of, manage and express your own emotions in appropriate ways. It also includes being aware of the emotions of those around you and responding in appropriate ways. Many people with a high EQ often have good communication as well as strong problem-solving abilities. This helps them handle tricky social situations, which sometimes involve multiple viewpoints and many emotions. These abilities are beneficial in professional and personal settings alike, whereas a low EQ can cause problems. A low EQ means you have trouble expressing your emotions and difficulty recognizing what others are feeling. You don’t value other people’s opinions, which often contributes to difficulty in maintaining relationships. You don’t like to admit your faults, and you don’t usually give praise. You often give inappropriate responses in social and professional settings, causing others to feel confused or embarrassed. If you believe you have a low EQ, take heart; you can make changes and improve it. First, work to become more aware of your emotions and how you respond to various situations. Understanding your feelings makes it easier to manage them. Next, actively listen to others by asking questions and watching their body language. This will enable you to respond correctly and give them valuable advice and encouragement. Finally, staying positive and calm can help those around you to stay calm in stressful situations. When you develop a high EQ, it will provide benefits and victories in many areas of your life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 This passage introduces what EQ is: it refers to the ability to recognize and properly manage both your own and others’emotions. It explains benefits of high EQ, harms of low EQ, and methods to improve low EQ. 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章定义了情商（EQ）的概念，说明了高情商的优势、低情商的负面影响，同时介绍了提升情商的可行方法，指出高情商能为生活诸多领域带来益处。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①EQ is the ability to be aware of, manage and express your own emotions in appropriate ways. ②Many people with a high EQ often have good communication as well as strong problem-solving abilities.  ③A low EQ means you have trouble expressing your emotions and difficulty recognizing what others are feeling.  ④If you believe you have a low EQ, take heart; you can make changes and improve it.  2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行重组整合，将第4个要点进行句意转换。 3.遣词造句 This passage introduces what EQ is: it refers to the ability to recognize and properly manage both your own and others’emotions. It explains benefits of high EQ, harms of low EQ, and methods to improve low EQ. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This passage introduces what EQ is: it refers to the ability to recognize and properly manage both your own and others’emotions.(运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型1】It explains benefits of high EQ, harms of low EQ, and methods to improve low EQ.(运用了省略that的宾语从句) Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 春日里看见满地落叶让我心中充满惆怅。（fill）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The sight of fallen leaves all over the ground in spring fills me with a sense of sadness. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意以及句子提示词可知，表示“落叶的景象”应为名词短语The sight of fallen leaves；表示“满地”应为固定短语all over the ground；表示“在春日里”应为固定短语in spring；表示“让我心中充满惆怅”应为动词短语fill me with a sense of sadness；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述一般事实，为一般现在时。 53. 在这种危急时刻你应该施以援手而不是袖手旁观。（rather）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 At such a critical moment, you should offer help rather than stand by. 【解析】 【详解】“在这种危急时刻”译为At such a critical moment，句首单词首字母大写；“应该”用情态动词should表示建议或责任；“施以援手”译为offer help，情态动词后用动词原形；“而不是”用固定搭配rather than，连接两个并列结构；“袖手旁观”译为stand by，用动词原形与前面的offer help形式保持一致。 54. 这款应用软件操作简便且功能强大，深受年轻人的喜爱。(which) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This app, which is easy to operate and powerful, is deeply loved by young people. 【解析】 【详解】句子可看作是描述当前的情况，时态用一般现在时，整个句子可处理为主从复合句，主句为“这款应用软件深受年轻人的喜爱”，“操作简便且功能强大”可用which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词“这款应用软件”；主句中主语“这款应用软件”可用名词短语this app，谓语“深受……的喜爱”可用动词短语be deeply loved by，“年轻人”可用名词短语young people；从句中which代替先行词this app作主语，“操作简便”可用形容词短语be easy to do和动词operate搭配，“功能强大”可用形容词powerful。 55. 人工智能驱动的在线平台与教育的融合能否取代传统课堂在培养核心素养方面的作用目前尚无定论。(It) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At present it remains undecided whether the integration of AI-driven online platforms and education can replace the role of traditional classrooms in cultivating core literacy. 【解析】 【详解】句子可用it作形式主语的结构，把过长的真正主语“人工智能驱动的在线平台与教育的融合能否取代传统课堂在培养核心素养方面的作用”后置，避免头重脚轻；“目前尚无定论”描述当前客观事实，用一般现在时，“目前”可用固定短语at present，“尚无定论”可译为it remains undecided；“能否”指“是否能够”，表不确定性，用whether“是否”引导的名词性从句作真正的主语，从句的主语“……和……的融合”可用名词短语the integration of… and…，“人工智能驱动的在线平台”可用名词短语AI-driven online platforms，“教育”可用名词education，谓语“能够取代”可用表示能力的情态动词can和动词replace搭配，宾语“某物在做某事方面的作用”可用名词短语the role of sth in doing sth，“传统课堂”可用名词短语traditional classrooms，“培养核心素养”可用动词cultivate和名词短语core literacy搭配。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 结合具体事例,谈谈你对“A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor.”这句谚语的理解与看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor” means that challenges and difficulties are essential for personal growth and skill development. Without facing adversity, one cannot truly become competent or experienced. I learned this lesson during my first year of high school when I struggled with public speaking. I was extremely nervous and performed poorly in my first English presentation. However, instead of avoiding future speeches, I actively sought opportunities to practice. I joined the debate club, volunteered for class presentations, and recorded myself to improve. Each failure taught me valuable lessons about body language, voice control, and confidence building. After two years of consistent efforts, I won third place in our school’s English Speech Contest. This experience proved that comfort zones prevent progress. Just as sailors develop navigation skills through stormy seas, we develop our abilities through difficult situations. Therefore, we should embrace challenges rather than fear them. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生结合具体事例，谈谈自己对“A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor.”这句谚语的理解与看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加入：join → become a member of/register for/enroll in 逃避：avoid → escape 积极地：actively → vigorously/enthusiastically 培养：develop → cultivate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, we should embrace challenges rather than fear them. 拓展句：Therefore, we should embrace challenges rather than fear them, for they are the true teachers that shape us into capable individuals. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Just as sailors develop navigation skills through stormy seas, we develop our abilities through difficult situations. (运用了as引导方式状语从句) 【高分句型2】This experience proved that comfort zones prevent progress. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $