谁能做句子的“主语”？ 讲义-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考英语主语核心考点，系统梳理主语成分（名词、代词、非谓语、从句）及无主语四大解决方案（it、There be、被动、人称代词），通过考点解析、方法归纳、分层练习（单选、语法填空等）和答案反馈，帮助学生构建完整知识体系，突破主谓一致、非谓语作主语等难点。 讲义创新采用“理论-实例-应用”三步教学法，如对比非谓语与名词作主语的用法差异，培养学生思维品质，设计句型转换、汉译英等实战训练提升语言能力。分层练习覆盖不同难度，助力教师精准把控复习节奏，有效提升学生语法应用和应试能力。

谁能做句子的“主语”？ （1）主语的成分 表示行为或状态的主体:名词、代词、非谓语、从句。 例：乐观和勤奋是他的特点。 Being optimistic and diligent is his characteristics.非谓语动词作主语，谓语动词用单词。 或Optimism and diligence are his characteristics.名词作主语。 例：爱美是女生的天性。 Loving beauty is the nature of girls.动词后边跟名词作宾语。 例：科幻小说总能使我着迷。 Science fiction stories always fascinate me.可数名词永远不能单独使用。 例：我的母亲是一个很懦弱但是善良的人是显而易见的。 That my mother is a very weak but kind person is obvious.从句作主语。 （2）主语能不能少——绝对不能 ①无主语的解决方案——it 作主语（不是形式主语）：天气、温度、时间 例：外面很热。 It is hot outside. 例：此时的重庆很冷。 It is very cold in Chongqing now. 例：雨一直下。 It keeps raining. ②无主语的解决方案——There be 句型（倒装）：没有主语，听到“有”的时候使用 例：她的头上有朵花。 There is a flower on her head. 例：有很多人喜欢我。 There are lots of people having affection for me.（ have affection for = like ） ③无主语的解决方案——被动:除①和②之外，当一句话没有主语，或主语是人或人称代词作主语都可以考虑被动。 例：必须指出坚持是成功的必备因素。 Persistence must be pointed out to be essential to success.一句话当中只能有一个动词充当谓语。 例：越来越多的人意识到污染很严重。 Pollution is thought to be serious by an increasing number of people.（an increasing number of = more and more ） 例：尊敬父母很重要。 Respecting parents is argued to be of great importance.（be of +抽象名词 =be+抽象名词对应形容词） ④无主语的解决方案—— 人称代词作主语：I we you 这是最后的选择。 练习：1）河南有很多美食，比如烩面和胡辣汤。 There are many delicious foods in Henan, such as stewed noodles and spicy soup. 2）南极越来越热了，很多企鹅都要迁徙了。 It's getting hotter and hotter in the Antarctic, and many penguins are migrating. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 练习篇 一、单项选择题（10 题，每题考查主语类型 / 无主语处理） ______ optimistic and diligent makes him popular. A. Be B. Being C. Is D. Are ______ a flower on her head. A. It has B. There is C. Have D. There has ______ cold in Antarctic now. A. It’s B. There’s C. That’s D. They’re ______ many people like traditional Chinese food is obvious. A. What B. That C. If D. When Respecting parents ______ of great importance. A. be B. are C. is D. am Lots of people ______ to love spicy food.（被动改写考点） A. think B. are thought C. thought D. is thought ______ keeps raining all day. A. Sky B. Weather C. It D. Rain ______ having affection for me in my class. A. There are students B. Students are C. It has students D. There have students Science fiction stories ______ my favourite. A. is B. are C. was D. am ______ I admire my mother is clear to everyone. A. That B. What C. Which D. Who 二、语法填空题（5 题，填入正确形式，考查动名词 / 主谓一致） ________ (love) beauty is the nature of girls. Optimism and diligence ________ (be) his greatest strengths. Being honest and kind ________ (make) him respected by others. There ________ (be) lots of delicious food in Henan. It ________ (get) hotter and hotter in the Antarctic these years. 三、句型转换题（5 题，无主语改写：It / There be / 被动） 外面很冷。（用 it 作主语改写英文） 桌上有一碗胡辣汤。（用 There be 句型翻译） 人们认为坚持有助于成功。（改为被动语态） 雨一直下。（it 句型翻译） 很多人喜欢传统美食。（There be+doing 结构改写） 四、汉译英（5 题，灵活选用 4 种主语方案） 孝敬父母十分重要。（动名词作主语） 我的妈妈温柔又善良是显而易见的。（主语从句） 河南有烩面和胡辣汤等特色美食。（There be） 现在重庆非常炎热。（it 描述天气温度） 越来越多人认为环境污染很严重。（被动句式） 五、句子改错题（3 题，划出错误并改正） Optimism and diligence is his advantage. There is many people enjoying local snacks. It keeps rain all summer in the south. 六、提取主语（2 题，写出每句主语成分 + 类型：名词 / 动名词 / 从句 /it/there be） That protecting animals matters is widely accepted. Loving ancient culture brings people joy. 答案篇 一、单选 1.B（动名词作主语） 2.B（there be 表 “存在有”） 3.A（it 指代天气） 4.B（that 引导完整主语从句） 5.C（动名词单数谓语 is） 6.B（复数主语被动） 7.C（it 指代天气） 8.A（there be+doing） 9.B（复数名词主语） 10.A（that 主语从句） 二、语法填空 11.Loving 12.are 13.makes 14.are 15.is getting 三、句型转换 16.It is cold outside. 17.There is a bowl of spicy pepper soup on the table. 18.Persistence is thought to help achieve success. 19.It keeps raining. 20.There are lots of people having affection for traditional food. 四、汉译英 21.Respecting parents is argued to be of great importance. 22.That my mother is gentle and kind is obvious. 23.There are special foods such as stewed noodles and spicy pepper soup in Henan. 24.It is very hot in Chongqing now. 25.Pollution is thought to be serious by an increasing number of people. 五、改错 26.is → are（并列复数名词作主语） 27.is → are（many people 复数） 28.rain → raining（keep doing 固定搭配） 六、提取主语 29. 主语：That protecting animals matters；类型：主语从句 30. 主语：Loving ancient culture；类型：动名词（非谓语）作主语 $