专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语(复习讲义)(天津专用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-07-08
| 2份
| 16页
| 897人阅读
| 22人下载
精品

摘要:

该高中英语讲义聚焦非谓语动词作主语、宾语核心考点,按“基本用法—it形式主/宾语—动词及介词后非谓语”逻辑架构知识,通过考点梳理(如不定式与动名词作主语的区别)、方法指导(归纳只跟不定式/动名词的动词清单)、真题训练(近5年高考题及模拟题)等环节,帮助学生构建系统知识网络,突破语境应用难点。 讲义以“语篇统领+文化融入”为特色,如在讲解动名词作宾语时,结合“devote...to...”等短语融入文化案例,培养学生文化意识与思维品质。设置“考向破译”分层练习(基础题+拔高题),配合真题溯源感知命题逻辑,能在有限时间内提升学生语境推理与解题能力,为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

内容正文:

专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 非谓语动词 不定式 首考 5 二考4 无 二考6 现在分词 无 首考 14 首考 7 二考10,15 二考9 过去分词 首考 6 首考7 二考11 无 首考 2 动名词 无 无 无 无 独立主格 二考9 无 无 无 考情分析 近 5 年天津高考英语单项选择非谓语动词部分主要以做状语和定语为主;兼有非谓语动词做主语、做宾语、做宾语补足语、With的复合结构等。 复习目标 考查非谓语动词在语境中的正确应用,重语篇统领与语境推理;素养上深考思维,融文化于语法,强化实用与文化自信。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 非谓语动词作主语 知识点1 非谓语动词作主语的基本用法 情况 用法 示例 说明 不定式作主语 具体的、一次性的动作 To hesitate means failure. 犹豫不决就意味着失败。 通常可以互换,但主语和表语一般是对称的 动名词作主语 抽象的、经常性的动作 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 Walking is a good form of exercise. 散步是一种很好的锻炼方式。 知识点2 it作形式主语 情况 句型 示例 不定式作真正主语 It takes/took sb.+ 时间 / 金钱 + to do sth. It took us three days to finish the task. 我们花了三天完成这项任务。 It is+n./adj.+to do sth. It's wrong to be late. 迟到是不应该的。 It's a virtue to admit and overcome one's own shortcomings. 承认并克服自己的缺点是一种美德。 动名词作真正主语 It is+fun/no good/no use+doing sth. It is a waste of time doing … It is worthwhile doing… It's no use complaining without action. 不行动只抱怨没有用。 It's not much fun going to a party alone. 独自参加聚会没什么意思。 知识点2 非谓语动词作宾语 知识点1 动词 + 非谓语作宾语 情况 示例 只跟不定式 agree 同意 attempt 尝试 choose 选择;宁愿 decline 拒绝 determine 下决心 fail 未做成 manage 设法做成 offer 主动提出 prepare 准备 pretend 假装 promise 承诺 refuse 拒绝 tend 往往会 volunteer 志愿 只跟动名词 admit 承认 advise/suggest 建议 advocate 支持 appreciate 感激 avoid/escape 避免 consider 仔细考虑 delay/postpone 推迟 deny 否认 enjoy 享受,喜欢 finish 完成 imagine 想象 include 包括 involve 包含 keep (on) 继续 mention 提到 mind 介意 miss 错过 practise 练习 resist 抵制,忍住 risk 冒险 既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词 意义无区别 begin/start 开始 意义有区别 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事 continue/ go on to do sth. 继续去做另一件事 continue/ go on doing sth. 继续做正在做的事 remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得已经做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事 regret to say/tell/inform… 遗憾地说 / 告知 / 通知… regret doing sth. 后悔已经做过某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事(=can't help but do sth. ) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 知识点2 介词 + 非谓语作宾语:介词后往往用动名词作宾语。 能接动名词的短语有:think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out, insist on, be/get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, be good at, do well in, be fond of, be interested in, be tired of, be afraid of, spend…(in), feel like, prefer…to…, instead of, in case of等等。例如: 在下面的结构中,介词in常可省略: S + have + trouble/difficulty/problems/fun/ a good time/a hard time + (in) +v.ing S + spend time/money + (in) +V.ing S + be busy + (in) +V.ing Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息还是着手做我们的工作好呢? Ann has been looking forward to coming to China for a long time. Ann 长久以来一直盼望着来中国。 They broke into loud cheers on hearing the news. 一听到这个消息他们都高声欢呼。 Dressing well is about being polite. 穿着讲究是有教养的表现。 Reading a good book is like talking with a wise person. 读一本好书就像是和一位智者谈话。 知识点3 it作形式宾语 不定式或动名词作宾语时,如果宾语后带有宾补,常用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置,构成结构:v.+it+n./adj.+to do/doing。 I find it my responsibility to help those in need. 我觉得帮助那些需要帮助的人是我的责任。 I consider it important to always be kind and respectful to others. 我认为总是善待和尊重他人是很重要的。 We think it useless learning a theory without practice. 我们认为学习理论而不实践是没有用的。 考●向●破●译 1.(2025·天津·二模)As a cross-border doctor, my primary mission was ________ all those African patients. A.to save B.being saved C.save D.to be saved 2.(2023·天津南开·一模)Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A.to promote B.having promoted C.to be promoted D.promoted 3.(2018·天津河东·一模)He let me write down his instructions sure that I would know what was after he went away. A.making; doing B.making; to do C.to make; to do D.to make; to be done 4.(2019·天津·一模)-Late again!Where_____________? -Sorry,I________________ in the heavy traffic,or I would have been here earlier. A.were you;have got stuck B.have you been;have got stuck C.were you;got stuck D.have you been;got stuck 5.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)After ________ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A.being struck, were trapped B.struck, having been trapped C.being struck, trapped D.having been struck ; were trapped 6.(2025·天津宝坻·二模)The principal emphasized the importance of ________ cultural differences when organizing international exchange programs. A.being respected B.respected C.to respect D.respecting 7.(2025·天津和平·三模)As a foreigner here, she is not accustomed to ______ like this in public. A.treat B.treating C.being treated D.be treated 8.(2025·天津红桥·一模)During our holidays, we should avoid ________ up at night and oversleeping in the morning. A.staying B.to stay C.stayed D.stay 9.(2024·天津河东·模拟预测)He tried to avoid ______ my questions. A.to answer B.answered C.answering D.answer 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 1. (2005年天津高考) I don’t want _______like I' m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 2. (2018年天津高考) I didn’t mean _____anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_____ it. A.  to eat;to try B. eating;trying C. eating;to try D. to eat; trying 3. (2019年天津高考) __________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 非谓语动词 不定式 首考 5 二考4 无 二考6 现在分词 无 首考 14 首考 7 二考10,15 二考9 过去分词 首考 6 首考7 二考11 无 首考 2 动名词 无 无 无 无 独立主格 二考9 无 无 无 考情分析 近 5 年天津高考英语单项选择非谓语动词部分主要以做状语和定语为主;兼有非谓语动词做主语、做宾语、做宾语补足语、With的复合结构等。 复习目标 考查非谓语动词在语境中的正确应用,重语篇统领与语境推理;素养上深考思维,融文化于语法,强化实用与文化自信。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 非谓语动词作主语 知识点1 非谓语动词作主语的基本用法 情况 用法 示例 说明 不定式作主语 具体的、一次性的动作 To hesitate means failure. 犹豫不决就意味着失败。 通常可以互换,但主语和表语一般是对称的 动名词作主语 抽象的、经常性的动作 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 Walking is a good form of exercise. 散步是一种很好的锻炼方式。 知识点2 it作形式主语 情况 句型 示例 不定式作真正主语 It takes/took sb.+ 时间 / 金钱 + to do sth. It took us three days to finish the task. 我们花了三天完成这项任务。 It is+n./adj.+to do sth. It's wrong to be late. 迟到是不应该的。 It's a virtue to admit and overcome one's own shortcomings. 承认并克服自己的缺点是一种美德。 动名词作真正主语 It is+fun/no good/no use+doing sth. It is a waste of time doing … It is worthwhile doing… It's no use complaining without action. 不行动只抱怨没有用。 It's not much fun going to a party alone. 独自参加聚会没什么意思。 知识点2 非谓语动词作宾语 知识点1 动词 + 非谓语作宾语 情况 示例 只跟不定式 agree 同意 attempt 尝试 choose 选择;宁愿 decline 拒绝 determine 下决心 fail 未做成 manage 设法做成 offer 主动提出 prepare 准备 pretend 假装 promise 承诺 refuse 拒绝 tend 往往会 volunteer 志愿 只跟动名词 admit 承认 advise/suggest 建议 advocate 支持 appreciate 感激 avoid/escape 避免 consider 仔细考虑 delay/postpone 推迟 deny 否认 enjoy 享受,喜欢 finish 完成 imagine 想象 include 包括 involve 包含 keep (on) 继续 mention 提到 mind 介意 miss 错过 practise 练习 resist 抵制,忍住 risk 冒险 既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词 意义无区别 begin/start 开始 意义有区别 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事 continue/ go on to do sth. 继续去做另一件事 continue/ go on doing sth. 继续做正在做的事 remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得已经做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事 regret to say/tell/inform… 遗憾地说 / 告知 / 通知… regret doing sth. 后悔已经做过某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事(=can't help but do sth. ) try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 知识点2 介词 + 非谓语作宾语:介词后往往用动名词作宾语。 能接动名词的短语有:think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out, insist on, be/get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, be good at, do well in, be fond of, be interested in, be tired of, be afraid of, spend…(in), feel like, prefer…to…, instead of, in case of等等。例如: 在下面的结构中,介词in常可省略: S + have + trouble/difficulty/problems/fun/ a good time/a hard time + (in) +v.ing S + spend time/money + (in) +V.ing S + be busy + (in) +V.ing Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息还是着手做我们的工作好呢? Ann has been looking forward to coming to China for a long time. Ann 长久以来一直盼望着来中国。 They broke into loud cheers on hearing the news. 一听到这个消息他们都高声欢呼。 Dressing well is about being polite. 穿着讲究是有教养的表现。 Reading a good book is like talking with a wise person. 读一本好书就像是和一位智者谈话。 知识点3 it作形式宾语 不定式或动名词作宾语时,如果宾语后带有宾补,常用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置,构成结构:v.+it+n./adj.+to do/doing。 I find it my responsibility to help those in need. 我觉得帮助那些需要帮助的人是我的责任。 I consider it important to always be kind and respectful to others. 我认为总是善待和尊重他人是很重要的。 We think it useless learning a theory without practice. 我们认为学习理论而不实践是没有用的。 考●向●破●译 1.(2025·天津·二模)As a cross-border doctor, my primary mission was ________ all those African patients. A.to save B.being saved C.save D.to be saved 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名跨境医生,我的首要任务是拯救所有非洲病人。分析句子结构可知,句子的主语是my primary mission,was是系动词,后面需要用不定式作表语来补充说明主语的内容。逻辑主语与save之间为主动关系,所以用不定式的主动形式。故选A。 2.(2023·天津南开·一模)Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place. A.to promote B.having promoted C.to be promoted D.promoted 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:考虑到世博会的主题是促进文化交流和加强相互合作,敦煌是一个理想的地方。此处说明theme的内容用不定式作表语,且主语the theme of the Expo与promote是逻辑主动关系,故选A。 3.(2018·天津河东·一模)He let me write down his instructions sure that I would know what was after he went away. A.making; doing B.making; to do C.to make; to do D.to make; to be done 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他让我写下他的指示,以确保我知道他离开后要做什么。第一空是动词不定式表目的,指让我写的目的。第二空处宾语从句的主语what和动词do是被动关系,是不定式作表语,用不定式的被动形式。故选D。 4.(2019·天津·一模)-Late again!Where_____________? -Sorry,I________________ in the heavy traffic,or I would have been here earlier. A.were you;have got stuck B.have you been;have got stuck C.were you;got stuck D.have you been;got stuck 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意:——又迟到了?你去哪了?——对不起,我遇上交通拥挤了,否则我就会早点到。第一空根据语境“又迟到了”可知,已经回来了,所以用现在完成时态,第二空:短语be/get stuck in 被困住,动作发生在过去所以用一般过去式,故选D。 5.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)After ________ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A.being struck, were trapped B.struck, having been trapped C.being struck, trapped D.having been struck ; were trapped 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在遭受特大暴雨袭击后,河南省景区受损严重,许多游客被困在灾区。第一空after是介词,后面要接动名词作宾语,strike(侵袭,袭击)与其逻辑主语Henan province之间是被动关系,要用动名词的被动式being struck;第二空是独立主格结构:逻辑主语tourists和trap是被动关系,即游客被困,用过去分词 trapped,故选C。 6.(2025·天津宝坻·二模)The principal emphasized the importance of ________ cultural differences when organizing international exchange programs. A.being respected B.respected C.to respect D.respecting 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:校长强调在组织国际交流项目时,尊重文化差异的重要性。作介词of的宾语,respect用动名词形式。故选D。 7.(2025·天津和平·三模)As a foreigner here, she is not accustomed to ______ like this in public. A.treat B.treating C.being treated D.be treated 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为这里的一个外国人,她不习惯在公共场合被这样对待。be accustomed to doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“习惯于做某事”,其中to为介词,后接动名词形式作宾语;由句意可知,treat和句子主语she之间是被动关系,所以应用动名词的被动形式。故选C项。 8.(2025·天津红桥·一模)During our holidays, we should avoid ________ up at night and oversleeping in the morning. A.staying B.to stay C.stayed D.stay 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在假期,我们应该避免晚上熬夜和早晨睡过头。此处是固定搭配:avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”,动名词作avoid的宾语。故选A。 9.(2024·天津河东·模拟预测)He tried to avoid ______ my questions. A.to answer B.answered C.answering D.answer 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他试图回避回答我的问题。固定短语avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事,回避做某事”,因此用answer的动名词形式,作宾语。故选C。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 1. (2005年天津高考) I don’t want _______like I' m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词固定搭配与主动表被动。 ①固定搭配:want to do sth. 想要做某事,排除 C(sounding 动名词); ②sound 是系动词,意为 “听起来”,无被动语态,不用 to be sounded,排除 B; ③to have sounded 是不定式完成式,表示动作发生在主句动作之前,本句不存在先后时间差,无需完成式,排除 D; 句意:我不想听起来像是在说任何人坏话,但经理的方案确实不公平。 2. (2018年天津高考) I didn’t mean _____anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_____ it. A.  to eat;to try B. eating;trying C. eating;to try D. to eat; trying 【答案】D 【详解】考查两组易混非谓语固定短语。 ①mean to do sth. 打算 / 有意做某事;mean doing sth. 意味着做某事。本句 “我本来没打算吃东西”,用 to eat; ②can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事;can’t help to do sth. 不能帮忙做某事。此处 “忍不住尝了一口”,用 trying; 句意:我本来没打算吃东西,但冰淇淋看着太诱人了,我忍不住尝了尝。 3. (2019年天津高考) __________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词作主语。 句子谓语为 is,空格处需要主语。动词原形 (A)、过去分词 (B) 不能单独作主语,直接排除 A、B。 Learning(动名词一般式):表示泛指 “学会批判性思考” 这件事,描述一般性、常态的行为,符合本句客观陈述的语境。Having learned 是动名词完成式,强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,本句无时间先后对比,不需要完成式,排除 D。 句意:学会批判性思考是如今孩子们未来所需的一项重要技能。 1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语(复习讲义)(天津专用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
1
专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语(复习讲义)(天津专用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
2
专题11 非谓语动词作主语、宾语(复习讲义)(天津专用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。