专题04 Unit4 Living with Technology（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语译林版

专题04 Unit4 Living with Technology （科学与技术） 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit4 Living with Technology核心词汇 考点二 Unit4 Living with Technology词块句型 考点三 Unit4 Living with Technology语法讲解—将来进行时 考点四 Unit4 Living with Technology应用文写作—校园科技节 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 核心词汇 【考点精讲】 1 urge vt.敦促,催促；力劝；大力推荐,竭力主张；驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望 （1）urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 urge that...（should） do sth. 极力主张……做某事 （2）have/feel an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 hold/fight back the urge to do sth. 忍住做某事的冲动 （3）urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 urgency n. 紧急；催促 2 demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n.要求,所需之物；需求,需要 （1）demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 demand that...（should） do... 要求……做…… （2）be in demand 有需求 meet/satisfy one's demand（s） 满足某人的需求 the demand for... 对……的需求 （3）demanding adj. 要求高的；费力的；苛求的 3 threat n.构成威胁的人或（事物）；威胁,恐吓；凶兆 （1）a threat to... 对……的威胁 under threat 受到威胁 （2）threaten v. 威胁到,危及 threaten...with... 用……威胁…… threaten to do sth. 威胁去做某事 （3）threatening adj. 恐吓的,威胁的；有危险的 threatened adj. 受到威胁的；感到危险的 4 engage vt.& vi.吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用,聘用；与……建立密切关系；参与（活动） （1）engage in （使）从事；参与 engage oneself in 从事于；忙于 （2）engaged adj. 忙于……的；从事于……的；已订婚的 be engaged in 参加；从事于；忙于 be engaged to... 与……订婚 （3）engaging adj. 有趣的；迷人的 engagement n. 订婚；约会;约定 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出正确形式 1.Teachers ________ (极力主张) that we (should) take exercise every day, and I feel an ________ (强烈的欲望) to run after class. 2.Workers ________ (强烈要求) their wages be increased, and their reasonable ________ (需求) must be satisfied. 3.Pollution is a serious ________ (威胁) to wildlife, and many species are now ________ (受到威胁的). 4.He ________ (忙于) voluntary work, while his sister is ________ (与…… 订婚) a young doctor. 5.The ________ (紧急的) situation ________ (催促) us to take action right away. 【答案】 1.urge; urge 2.demand; demands 3.threat; threatened 4.is engaged in; engaged to 5.urgent; urged 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.My parents urged me ________ (take) part in the competition and urged that I ________ (be) confident. (urge) 2.The workers demanded that their pay ________ (raise), and the demand ________ better working conditions is reasonable. (demand) 3.Climate change is a threat ________ all living things, and many animals are ________ (threaten) with extinction. (threat) 4.He engages himself ________ charity work and he is ________ (engage) to a kind teacher. (engage) 5.It is ________ (urge) that we deal with the matter because of its ________ (urge). (urge) 【答案】 1.to take; (should) be 2.(should) be raised; for 3.to; threatened 4.in; engaged 5.urgent; urgency 【解析】 1.urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做；urge 后宾语从句用 (should) do虚拟语气 2.demand that从句虚拟(should) do；the demand for… 对…… 的需求 3.a threat to对…… 的威胁；be threatened with受到…… 威胁 4.engage oneself in从事；be engaged to sb.与某人订婚 5.urgent形容词作表语；urgency名词，表紧急状况 二、英汉互译 1.医生极力主张我们立刻做检查，我内心迫切想知道结果。 2.市场对环保产品的需求很大，我们必须满足顾客的各类需求。 3.他常年从事环保工作，且和一名志愿者订了婚。 4.Some factories threaten to cut wages if workers demand better benefits. 5.Many rare plants under threat are engaged in the artificial protection program. 【答案】 1.The doctor urged that we (should) have a check-up at once, and I have an urge to know the result. 2.There is a great demand for eco-friendly products in the market, and we must meet all customers’ demands. 3.He has been engaged in environmental protection for years and is engaged to a volunteer. 4.如果工人们要求更好的福利，一些工厂就威胁要削减工资。 5.许多受到生存威胁的珍稀植物都纳入人工保护项目中。 考点二 词块句型 【考点精讲】 1 break into 强行闯入,撬开；突然开始（笑、唱等）；顺利打入 break into a smile 突然笑起来 break away from 脱离；离开 break in 打断；插嘴；强行进入 break out 爆发；突然发生 break through 突破；克服障碍 break down 崩溃；（身体）垮掉；（机器）出故障；失败,（使）分解 break off 折断；中断；突然中止 break up 粉碎；结束；解散 2 before引导时间状语从句 （1）before用作连词,常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间,有以下译法： ①还没来得及……就……；②……之后才……；③在……之前；④（不久）就……；⑤以免……；⑥趁着……（还没有）； （2）before的常用句式: ①It won't be long before...意为“用不了多久就……”,从句用一般现在时; ②It wasn't long before...意为“没过多久就……”,从句用一般过去时; ③It will be/take+一段时间+before...意为“多久后才……”,从句用一般现在时; ④It was/took+一段时间+before...意为“过了多久才……”,从句用一般过去时； （3）before用作介词,意为“在……以前、在……面前”。 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据汉语提示填入合适的内容 1.When hearing the good news, she ________ (突然笑起来) at once. 2.The thief ________ (强行闯入) the shop last night, but he failed to ________ (摆脱) the police. 3.Talks between the two sides ________ (中断) suddenly and their cooperation finally ________ (结束). 4.The war ________ (爆发) in 1939 and no one could ________ (突破) the heavy blockade. 5.________ (过了三年才) we met each other again after graduation. 【答案】 1.broke into a smile 2.broke into; break away from 3.broke off; broke up 4.broke out; break through 5.It took three years before 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 填入合适的介词、副词或正确时态 1.Hearing the funny story, he broke ________ a loud laugh. 2.The prisoner managed to break ________ the guards and ran away. 3.Their car broke ________ on the highway, so they had to walk. 4.It won’t be long ________ we realize the importance of environmental protection. 5.It was two hours ________ the rescue team arrived at the accident site. 【答案】 1.into 2.away from 3.down 4.before 5.before 【解析】 1.break into a laugh 突然大笑 2.break away from 摆脱，脱离 3.break down (车辆) 出故障 4.It won’t be long before… 不久就…… 5.It was + 时间段 + before… 过了多久才…… 二、英汉互译 1.大火突然爆发，消防员奋力突破浓烟救出居民。 2.没过多久，两国中断谈判，合作关系彻底破裂。 3.再过两个月我们才能再次相聚。 4.He broke off his speech before the audience could react. 5.It took nearly an hour before the machine broke through the thick ice. 【答案】 1.A big fire broke out, and firefighters tried hard to break through heavy smoke to save residents. 2.It wasn’t long before the two countries broke off talks and their cooperation broke up completely. 3.It will be two months before we meet again. 4.观众还没来得及反应，他就中断了演讲。 5.过了将近一小时，这台机器才突破厚厚的冰层。 考点三 语法讲解--将来进行时 【考点精讲】 1. 基本定义 将来进行时表示将来某一特定时刻/时间段正在发生的动作；也可表示按计划、安排将来持续进行的动作，语气委婉，常用来礼貌询问对方安排。 2. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + will be doing 否定句：主语 + will not (won’t) be doing 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be doing? 3. 常用时间标志 at 8 o’clock tomorrow, this time next week, at that time, all day tomorrow, from 2 to 4 tomorrow afternoon 4. 三大核心用法 将来某一时刻正在做某事 This time tomorrow I will be having a math test. 明天这个时候我正在参加数学考试。 将来一段时间持续进行的动作 We will be traveling around the city all summer vacation. 整个暑假我们都会在这座城市游玩。 委婉询问对方未来安排 Will you be using the computer tonight? 你今晚要用电脑吗？ 5. 易混辨析：一般将来时vs将来进行时 will do：单纯表示将来要做某事，无“持续、正在”含义 I will read the book tomorrow. 我明天会读这本书。 will be doing：强调将来某时点动作正在进行，侧重过程 I will be reading the book at 9 tomorrow morning. 明天早上九点我正在看这本书。 6. 补充注意 将来进行时无被动常用结构，若要表达将来某时正在被做，可用will be being done。 【牛刀小试】 用括号内动词的将来进行时填空 1.This time next Friday, we ________ (attend) an English lecture. 2.Don’t call me at 7 p.m. I ________ (have) dinner with my parents then. 3.________ you ________ (take) part in the competition this time tomorrow? 4.They ________ (not / work) in the office all next week. 5.At this time tomorrow morning, my sister ________ (fly) to Beijing. 【答案】 1.will be attending 2.will be having 3.Will; be taking 4.won’t be working 5.will be flying 【即学即练】 一、完成句子：根据中文提示，使用将来进行时补全句子 1.明天下午两点到四点，我们将正在讨论环保方案。 We ________ the environmental plan from 2 to 4 tomorrow afternoon. 2.明天这个时候，他正在实验室测试新设备。 He ________ new equipment in the lab this time tomorrow. 3.下周这几天老师们都将忙着批改试卷。 The teachers ________ exam papers all next week. 4.今晚八点你会在用这个打印机吗？ ________ you ________ this printer at eight tonight? 5.明天晚上我不会在看电影，我要写作业。 I ________ movies tomorrow evening; I will do my homework. 【答案】 1.will be discussing 2.will be testing 3.will be marking 4.Will; be using 5.won’t be watching 二、英汉互译 1.下周同一时间，我们将正在突破重重困难完成项目。 2.明天傍晚六点，工程师们正在抢修受损道路。 3.你明天中午会在和客户沟通吗？ 4.This time next month, we will be learning about passive voices in grammar class. 5.Don’t disturb him at nine tomorrow; he will be dealing with urgent work. 【答案】 1.This time next week, we will be breaking through various difficulties to finish the project. 2.At six tomorrow evening, the engineers will be repairing the damaged road. 3.Will you be communicating with customers at noon tomorrow? 4.下个月这个时候，我们会在语法课上学习各种被动语态。 5.明天九点别打扰他，他那时正在处理紧急工作。 考点四 应用文写作—校园科技节 文体定位：属于活动介绍类说明文，是单元高频应用文，多用于校园英文投稿、活动报道、活动介绍、校园播报。文章语言正式简洁、条理清晰，侧重活动内容、过程、意义与收获，词数80词左右。 核心写作要素：科技节活动背景+具体活动内容+活动现场盛况+活动意义与个人收获。 时态人称：介绍活动安排、意义用一般现在时；描述活动举办过程、参与经历用一般过去时；以第三人称为主，个人感悟用第一人称。 【典型例题】 假定你是李华，你校近期成功举办了校园科技节，请你为校英文报写一篇短文，介绍本次活动，内容包括： ①活动开展的时间与目的； ②主要活动内容（科技作品展示、科技讲座、机器人比赛等）； ③活动带来的意义与你的感受。 注意：词数80左右，语句通顺，逻辑清晰。 【审题剖析】 1.体裁：校园活动介绍说明文，无特殊书信格式，属于校园报道类短文 2.时态：活动举办过程用一般过去时，活动目的、长远意义用一般现在时 3.人称：第三人称介绍整体活动，第一人称抒发个人感受 4.必备要点：活动时间+举办目的+多项科技活动内容+活动价值与个人感悟 5.行文框架： 开头：点明学校举办科技节，说明活动时间与举办初衷； 中间：详细介绍本次科技节的各类特色活动，简述现场氛围； 结尾：总结活动的教育意义，表达个人收获与对科技的认知。 【参考范文】 Our School Science and Technology Festival Our school successfully held the annual Science and Technology Festival last Friday, aiming to enrich students’ school life and arouse our interest in science and technology. A variety of wonderful activities were organized during the festival. Students displayed their creative technological works, ranging from small inventions to hand-made models. Besides, we attended informative science lectures and watched exciting robot competitions, which amazed all the students. The festival was of great significance. It not only broadened our horizons but also inspired us to explore technological knowledge actively. I have gained a deeper understanding of modern technology. 【素材积累】 enrich school life 丰富校园生活 arouse one’s interest in... 激发某人对……的兴趣 a variety of activities 多种多样的活动 range from...to... 从……到……不等 broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 be of great significance 意义重大 【即学即练】 【仿写原题】 假定你是李华，你校即将举办新一届校园科技节，校英文公众号邀请你写一篇短文预告本次活动，内容包括： ①活动举办时间与目的； ②本次活动的特色项目； ③活动期待与号召。 词数80左右。 【写作思路】 开头：介绍学校即将举办科技节，说明活动旨在普及科技知识、培养创新思维； 中间：列举特色活动，如科技创新比赛、人工智能体验、科普作品展等； 结尾：号召同学们积极参与，鼓励大家探索科技、勇于创新。 【参考范文】 Coming Science and Technology Festival To popularize technological knowledge and cultivate students’ innovative thinking, our school will hold the Science and Technology Festival next week. Many interesting and meaningful activities are waiting for us. We can take part in technological innovation competitions and experience artificial intelligence equipment. What’s more, excellent student works will be on show, which will offer us a great chance to learn and communicate. This festival is a good platform for us to get close to modern technology. I sincerely hope all students can take an active part in it and explore the charm of technology. 【仿写素材】 popularize technological knowledge 普及科技知识 cultivate innovative thinking 培养创新思维 take an active part in 积极参与 get close to modern technology 走近现代科技 explore the charm of technology 探索科技魅力 a platform for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事的平台 一、选词填空 阅读下面句子，从方框所给选项中分别选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．temporary  B．complexity  C． target  D．contributions  E. previous  F. presentation  G. highlight 1．Accepting sadness as part of life helps us deal with the emotional of growing up. 2．Usually, sharks don’t people, and they just attack people by mistake. 3．Today we’ll read about the three great people and the they made to our society. 4．What is Lauren’s job before she became a professional photo blogger? 5．The Cove is a great documentary aimed to the cruelty of dolphin hunting. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．G 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：接纳悲伤是生活的一部分，有助于我们应对成长中的情感复杂性。空格前有形容词 emotional 修饰，需填名词；结合句意，complexity(复杂性)符合语境。 2．考查动词。句意：通常鲨鱼不以人类为目标，它们攻击人类只是误击。句子缺少谓语动词，且 don’t 后接动词原形；结合句意，target(把……作为目标)符合语境。 3．考查名词。句意：今天我们要了解三位伟人以及他们对社会做出的贡献。空格前有定冠词the，需填名词；固定搭配 make contributions to(对……做出贡献)符合语境。 4．考查形容词。句意：劳伦成为专业摄影博主之前，她先前的工作是什么？空格修饰名词 job，需填形容词；结合时间逻辑，previous(先前的)符合语境 5．考查动词。句意：《海豚湾》是一部优秀纪录片，旨在突出猎捕海豚的残忍。不定式 to 后接动词原形；结合句意，highlight(突出、强调)符合语境。 二、所给词的适当形式填空 6．He walked slowly, with his hands (bury) in his pockets. 【答案】buried 【详解】句意：他走得很慢，双手插在口袋里。在with复合结构中，bury和宾语his hands是被动关系，用过去分词buried作宾补。 7．There is no need to get (greed) — there is plenty for everyone. 【答案】greedy 【详解】句意：不必贪心——每个人都有足够的东西。get + 形容词是常用系表结构，get在此作系动词，表示“变得……”。greed 是名词，意为“贪婪”；此处需要形容词作表语，其形容词形式为 greedy（贪婪的）。 8．His brave act won high (recognize) from the whole society. 【答案】recognition 【详解】句意：他的英勇行为赢得了全社会的高度认可。形容词high后接名词，recognize对应的名词为recognition意为“认可”，在句中作宾语。 9．Standing on the (mass) grassland and enjoying the beautiful scene, I feel relaxed and comfortable. 【答案】massive 【详解】句意：伫立在广袤草原欣赏美景，我身心倍感惬意舒畅。此处修饰名词用形容词，名词mass的形容词为massive，意为“巨大的”。 10．Weight loss success stories (highlight) balanced diets over extreme measures. 【答案】highlight 【详解】句意：减肥成功案例表明，均衡饮食比极端节食更为有效。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为stories，谓语用原形。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Schools in the UK are making 1 effort to help deal with the growing teacher shortage with the use of classroom robots. So far, two primary schools in Plymouth 2 (start) to use the machines as possible replacements (替代) for teaching assistants. Britain’s lack of teaching staff has been a serious problem over the last twenty years. 3 (graduate) are unwilling to enter the primary education department. Many teachers are giving up the teaching jobs for careers in other fields, 4 makes matters worse. Facing this 5 (alarm) shortage, some schools believe that robots might soon be able to fill the gap. Tests have found that, by 6 (show) various classroom techniques, teachers can train the robots to be teachers in a real teaching setting within just three hours. In one example, the robot teacher 7 (success) guided the students through difficult tasks, giving them praise and 8 (encourage) when necessary. The project has been met with 9 (mix) feelings from teachers. Some are concerned that the robots are here to take their jobs while others optimistically regard the machines 10 a way to reduce their heavy workloads. 【答案】 1．an 2．have started 3．Graduates 4．which 5．alarming 6．showing 7．successfully 8．encouragement 9．mixed 10．as 【导语】文章主要介绍了英国的学校正在尝试使用教室机器人来试图缓解不断增长的师资短缺问题。 【详解】 1．考查冠词。句意：英国的学校正在努力通过使用课堂机器人来解决日益严重的教师短缺问题。此处考查固定搭配make an effort to do sth.，意为“努力做某事”，因此空处应用冠词an。 2．句意：到目前为止，普利茅斯的两所小学已经开始使用这种机器作为助教的替代品。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以空处作本句谓语，根据时间状语So far可知，应该用现在完成时，主语two primary schools为复数，助动词应用have。 3．句意：毕业生不愿意进入小学教育部门。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，graduate意为“大学毕业生”，为可数名词，根据are可知，graduate应用复数形式，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 4．句意：许多教师正在放弃教学工作，从事其他领域的职业，这使事情变得更糟。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词which引导从句。 5．句意：面对这种令人担忧的人才短缺，一些学校认为机器人可能很快就能填补这一空白。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，修饰shortage，描述的事物的性质，应该用-ing形式的形容词。 6．句意：测试发现，通过展示各种课堂技巧，教师可以在短短三个小时内将机器人训练成真实教学环境中的教师。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词showing作宾语。 7．句意：在一个例子中，机器人老师成功地指导学生完成困难的任务，并在必要时给予他们表扬和鼓励。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词successfully修饰。 8．句意：在一个例子中，机器人老师成功地指导学生完成困难的任务，并在必要时给予他们表扬和鼓励。分析句子结构可知，空处和空前的praise并列，作giving的宾语，所以空处应填encourage的名词形式encouragement，为不可数名词。 9．句意：该项目在教师中引发了褒贬不一的反应。空处修饰名词feelings，应为mix的形容词作mixed定语。 10．句意：一些人担心机器人会抢走他们的工作，而另一些人则乐观地认为机器人可以减轻他们繁重的工作量。此处考查固定搭配regard… as…，意为“把……认作/视为……”，因此空处应用介词as。 三、七选五阅读 Ask a parent today what they worry about, and many will mention screen time. 1 And is my kid really doing homework on their computer, or have they been watching YouTube for four hours? Despite these concerns, many parents are resigned (顺从的). They’ll tell their kids they aren’t allowed on social media, only for their children to open accounts anyway. Many parents are driven to extreme despair, and others have simply given up. 2 According to my own experience, talking is just not enough. We need clear rules around technology use because they are kids. Below is my advice. 3 Six out of ten 11-to-17-year-olds use their phone between midnight and 5 a.m. at least once a week, causing them to lose sleep every time the phone buzzes (震动) and they grab their phone to see what’s going on. The mere presence of a phone in the bedroom can disturb sleep, and kids don’t even have to be using it in the middle of the night. Then, first phones should be basic phones. 4 They have no social media and no AI companions, but they can call, text, and take pictures just like a smartphone. If you don’t want your kid on social media until they are 16 or older — and that’s the growing agreement — basic phones make that much easier, while allowing kids to text their friends. Applying these rules is not always easy. But rules like these are much easier to follow than the unclear “every kid is different” advice. Even if you can only follow some of the rules some of the time, your kids will benefit. 5 A．The best is certain to come. B．Teens can’t put down their phones. C．Families care much about their kids. D．Basic phones have no internet browser (浏览器). E．Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good. F．No electronic devices in the bedroom overnight. G．That’s because much advice is difficult to follow. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．E 【导语】主要探讨父母对孩子屏幕使用时间的担忧，并给出管控孩子电子产品使用的几条具体建议。 【详解】 1．根据空前“Ask a parent today what they worry about, and many will mention screen time.(如今问家长们担心什么，很多人都会提到孩子的屏幕使用时间)”以及空后“And is my kid really doing homework on their computer, or have they been watching YouTube for four hours?(我的孩子真的在电脑上写作业吗，还是已经看了四个小时的油管视频？)”可知，此空应承接前文，进一步说明孩子沉迷电子产品的现象，B选项“青少年总是放不下手机”体现了孩子对电子产品的依赖，且引出后文家长的具体顾虑，符合语境。 2．根据空前“Despite these concerns, many parents are resigned (顺从的). They’ll tell their kids they aren’t allowed on social media, only for their children to open accounts anyway. Many parents are driven to extreme despair, and others have simply given up.(尽管有这些担忧，许多家长却只能顺从。他们会告诉孩子不允许使用社交媒体，可孩子们还是会偷偷注册账号。很多家长陷入了极度的绝望，还有一些人干脆选择放弃)”以及空后“According to my own experience, talking is just not enough. We need clear rules around technology use because they are kids.(根据我的经验，光靠说教是远远不够的。因为他们还是孩子，我们需要制定明确的电子产品使用规则)”可知，此空应说明家长无奈放弃的原因，G选项“这是因为很多建议都难以执行”中的that指代前文家长的无奈处境，且衔接后文作者提出的建议，符合语境。 3．此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题格式一致。根据空后“Six out of ten 11-to-17-year-olds use their phone between midnight and 5 a.m. at least once a week, causing them to lose sleep every time the phone buzzes (震动) and they grab their phone to see what’s going on. The mere presence of a phone in the bedroom can disturb sleep, and kids don’t even have to be using it in the middle of the night.(在11到17岁的青少年中，有六成的人每周至少有一次在午夜到凌晨五点之间使用手机，每次手机震动他们就会拿起查看，进而导致睡眠不足。即便孩子半夜不玩手机，卧室里有手机这件事本身也会干扰睡眠)”可知，本段围绕“不让电子产品进卧室”展开，F选项“夜间卧室禁止放置任何电子设备”能准确概括本段主题，符合语境。 4．根据空前“Then, first phones should be basic phones. (那么，孩子的第一部手机应该是功能机)”以及空后“They have no social media and no AI companions, but they can call, text, and take pictures just like a smartphone.(它们没有社交媒体功能，也没有人工智能助手，但可以像智能手机一样打电话、发短信和拍照)”可知，此空应进一步说明功能机的特点，D选项“功能机没有互联网浏览器”承接前文的basic phones，且与后文功能机的特点并列，符合语境。 5．根据上文“Applying these rules is not always easy. But rules like these are much easier to follow than the unclear “every kid is different” advice. Even if you can only follow some of the rules some of the time, your kids will benefit.(应用这些规则并非总是轻而易举之事。但像这样的规则要比那种含糊不清的“每个孩子都是不同的”这种说法容易遵循得多。即便你只能在某些时候遵循部分规则，你的孩子也会从中受益)”可知，前文表示不必全程严格遵守所有规则，E选项“不要让追求完美成为阻碍达成良好结果的因素”符合语境。 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 Unit4 Living with Technology （科学与技术） 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit4 Living with Technology核心词汇 考点二 Unit4 Living with Technology词块句型 考点三 Unit4 Living with Technology语法讲解—将来进行时 考点四 Unit4 Living with Technology应用文写作—校园科技节 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 核心词汇 【考点精讲】 1 urge vt.敦促,催促；力劝；大力推荐,竭力主张；驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望 （1）urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 urge that...（should） do sth. 极力主张……做某事 （2）have/feel an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 hold/fight back the urge to do sth. 忍住做某事的冲动 （3）urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 urgency n. 紧急；催促 2 demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n.要求,所需之物；需求,需要 （1）demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 demand that...（should） do... 要求……做…… （2）be in demand 有需求 meet/satisfy one's demand（s） 满足某人的需求 the demand for... 对……的需求 （3）demanding adj. 要求高的；费力的；苛求的 3 threat n.构成威胁的人或（事物）；威胁,恐吓；凶兆 （1）a threat to... 对……的威胁 under threat 受到威胁 （2）threaten v. 威胁到,危及 threaten...with... 用……威胁…… threaten to do sth. 威胁去做某事 （3）threatening adj. 恐吓的,威胁的；有危险的 threatened adj. 受到威胁的；感到危险的 4 engage vt.& vi.吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用,聘用；与……建立密切关系；参与（活动） （1）engage in （使）从事；参与 engage oneself in 从事于；忙于 （2）engaged adj. 忙于……的；从事于……的；已订婚的 be engaged in 参加；从事于；忙于 be engaged to... 与……订婚 （3）engaging adj. 有趣的；迷人的 engagement n. 订婚；约会;约定 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出正确形式 1.Teachers ________ (极力主张) that we (should) take exercise every day, and I feel an ________ (强烈的欲望) to run after class. 2.Workers ________ (强烈要求) their wages be increased, and their reasonable ________ (需求) must be satisfied. 3.Pollution is a serious ________ (威胁) to wildlife, and many species are now ________ (受到威胁的). 4.He ________ (忙于) voluntary work, while his sister is ________ (与…… 订婚) a young doctor. 5.The ________ (紧急的) situation ________ (催促) us to take action right away. 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.My parents urged me ________ (take) part in the competition and urged that I ________ (be) confident. (urge) 2.The workers demanded that their pay ________ (raise), and the demand ________ better working conditions is reasonable. (demand) 3.Climate change is a threat ________ all living things, and many animals are ________ (threaten) with extinction. (threat) 4.He engages himself ________ charity work and he is ________ (engage) to a kind teacher. (engage) 5.It is ________ (urge) that we deal with the matter because of its ________ (urge). (urge) 二、英汉互译 1.医生极力主张我们立刻做检查，我内心迫切想知道结果。 2.市场对环保产品的需求很大，我们必须满足顾客的各类需求。 3.他常年从事环保工作，且和一名志愿者订了婚。 4.Some factories threaten to cut wages if workers demand better benefits. 5.Many rare plants under threat are engaged in the artificial protection program. 考点二 词块句型 【考点精讲】 1 break into 强行闯入,撬开；突然开始（笑、唱等）；顺利打入 break into a smile 突然笑起来 break away from 脱离；离开 break in 打断；插嘴；强行进入 break out 爆发；突然发生 break through 突破；克服障碍 break down 崩溃；（身体）垮掉；（机器）出故障；失败,（使）分解 break off 折断；中断；突然中止 break up 粉碎；结束；解散 2 before引导时间状语从句 （1）before用作连词,常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间,有以下译法： ①还没来得及……就……；②……之后才……；③在……之前；④（不久）就……；⑤以免……；⑥趁着……（还没有）； （2）before的常用句式: ①It won't be long before...意为“用不了多久就……”,从句用一般现在时; ②It wasn't long before...意为“没过多久就……”,从句用一般过去时; ③It will be/take+一段时间+before...意为“多久后才……”,从句用一般现在时; ④It was/took+一段时间+before...意为“过了多久才……”,从句用一般过去时； （3）before用作介词,意为“在……以前、在……面前”。 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据汉语提示填入合适的内容 1.When hearing the good news, she ________ (突然笑起来) at once. 2.The thief ________ (强行闯入) the shop last night, but he failed to ________ (摆脱) the police. 3.Talks between the two sides ________ (中断) suddenly and their cooperation finally ________ (结束). 4.The war ________ (爆发) in 1939 and no one could ________ (突破) the heavy blockade. 5.________ (过了三年才) we met each other again after graduation. 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 填入合适的介词、副词或正确时态 1.Hearing the funny story, he broke ________ a loud laugh. 2.The prisoner managed to break ________ the guards and ran away. 3.Their car broke ________ on the highway, so they had to walk. 4.It won’t be long ________ we realize the importance of environmental protection. 5.It was two hours ________ the rescue team arrived at the accident site. 二、英汉互译 1.大火突然爆发，消防员奋力突破浓烟救出居民。 2.没过多久，两国中断谈判，合作关系彻底破裂。 3.再过两个月我们才能再次相聚。 4.He broke off his speech before the audience could react. 5.It took nearly an hour before the machine broke through the thick ice. 考点三 语法讲解--将来进行时 【考点精讲】 1. 基本定义 将来进行时表示将来某一特定时刻/时间段正在发生的动作；也可表示按计划、安排将来持续进行的动作，语气委婉，常用来礼貌询问对方安排。 2. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + will be doing 否定句：主语 + will not (won’t) be doing 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + be doing? 3. 常用时间标志 at 8 o’clock tomorrow, this time next week, at that time, all day tomorrow, from 2 to 4 tomorrow afternoon 4. 三大核心用法 将来某一时刻正在做某事 This time tomorrow I will be having a math test. 明天这个时候我正在参加数学考试。 将来一段时间持续进行的动作 We will be traveling around the city all summer vacation. 整个暑假我们都会在这座城市游玩。 委婉询问对方未来安排 Will you be using the computer tonight? 你今晚要用电脑吗？ 5. 易混辨析：一般将来时vs将来进行时 will do：单纯表示将来要做某事，无“持续、正在”含义 I will read the book tomorrow. 我明天会读这本书。 will be doing：强调将来某时点动作正在进行，侧重过程 I will be reading the book at 9 tomorrow morning. 明天早上九点我正在看这本书。 6. 补充注意 将来进行时无被动常用结构，若要表达将来某时正在被做，可用will be being done。 【牛刀小试】 用括号内动词的将来进行时填空 1.This time next Friday, we ________ (attend) an English lecture. 2.Don’t call me at 7 p.m. I ________ (have) dinner with my parents then. 3.________ you ________ (take) part in the competition this time tomorrow? 4.They ________ (not / work) in the office all next week. 5.At this time tomorrow morning, my sister ________ (fly) to Beijing. 【即学即练】 一、完成句子：根据中文提示，使用将来进行时补全句子 1.明天下午两点到四点，我们将正在讨论环保方案。 We ________ the environmental plan from 2 to 4 tomorrow afternoon. 2.明天这个时候，他正在实验室测试新设备。 He ________ new equipment in the lab this time tomorrow. 3.下周这几天老师们都将忙着批改试卷。 The teachers ________ exam papers all next week. 4.今晚八点你会在用这个打印机吗？ ________ you ________ this printer at eight tonight? 5.明天晚上我不会在看电影，我要写作业。 I ________ movies tomorrow evening; I will do my homework. 二、英汉互译 1.下周同一时间，我们将正在突破重重困难完成项目。 2.明天傍晚六点，工程师们正在抢修受损道路。 3.你明天中午会在和客户沟通吗？ 4.This time next month, we will be learning about passive voices in grammar class. 5.Don’t disturb him at nine tomorrow; he will be dealing with urgent work. 考点四 应用文写作—校园科技节 文体定位：属于活动介绍类说明文，是单元高频应用文，多用于校园英文投稿、活动报道、活动介绍、校园播报。文章语言正式简洁、条理清晰，侧重活动内容、过程、意义与收获，词数80词左右。 核心写作要素：科技节活动背景+具体活动内容+活动现场盛况+活动意义与个人收获。 时态人称：介绍活动安排、意义用一般现在时；描述活动举办过程、参与经历用一般过去时；以第三人称为主，个人感悟用第一人称。 【典型例题】 假定你是李华，你校近期成功举办了校园科技节，请你为校英文报写一篇短文，介绍本次活动，内容包括： ①活动开展的时间与目的； ②主要活动内容（科技作品展示、科技讲座、机器人比赛等）； ③活动带来的意义与你的感受。 注意：词数80左右，语句通顺，逻辑清晰。 【审题剖析】 1.体裁：校园活动介绍说明文，无特殊书信格式，属于校园报道类短文 2.时态：活动举办过程用一般过去时，活动目的、长远意义用一般现在时 3.人称：第三人称介绍整体活动，第一人称抒发个人感受 4.必备要点：活动时间+举办目的+多项科技活动内容+活动价值与个人感悟 5.行文框架： 开头：点明学校举办科技节，说明活动时间与举办初衷； 中间：详细介绍本次科技节的各类特色活动，简述现场氛围； 结尾：总结活动的教育意义，表达个人收获与对科技的认知。 【参考范文】 Our School Science and Technology Festival Our school successfully held the annual Science and Technology Festival last Friday, aiming to enrich students’ school life and arouse our interest in science and technology. A variety of wonderful activities were organized during the festival. Students displayed their creative technological works, ranging from small inventions to hand-made models. Besides, we attended informative science lectures and watched exciting robot competitions, which amazed all the students. The festival was of great significance. It not only broadened our horizons but also inspired us to explore technological knowledge actively. I have gained a deeper understanding of modern technology. 【素材积累】 enrich school life 丰富校园生活 arouse one’s interest in... 激发某人对……的兴趣 a variety of activities 多种多样的活动 range from...to... 从……到……不等 broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 be of great significance 意义重大 【即学即练】 【仿写原题】 假定你是李华，你校即将举办新一届校园科技节，校英文公众号邀请你写一篇短文预告本次活动，内容包括： ①活动举办时间与目的； ②本次活动的特色项目； ③活动期待与号召。 词数80左右。 【写作思路】 开头：介绍学校即将举办科技节，说明活动旨在普及科技知识、培养创新思维； 中间：列举特色活动，如科技创新比赛、人工智能体验、科普作品展等； 结尾：号召同学们积极参与，鼓励大家探索科技、勇于创新。 【参考范文】 Coming Science and Technology Festival To popularize technological knowledge and cultivate students’ innovative thinking, our school will hold the Science and Technology Festival next week. Many interesting and meaningful activities are waiting for us. We can take part in technological innovation competitions and experience artificial intelligence equipment. What’s more, excellent student works will be on show, which will offer us a great chance to learn and communicate. This festival is a good platform for us to get close to modern technology. I sincerely hope all students can take an active part in it and explore the charm of technology. 【仿写素材】 popularize technological knowledge 普及科技知识 cultivate innovative thinking 培养创新思维 take an active part in 积极参与 get close to modern technology 走近现代科技 explore the charm of technology 探索科技魅力 a platform for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事的平台 一、选词填空 阅读下面句子，从方框所给选项中分别选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．temporary  B．complexity  C． target  D．contributions  E. previous  F. presentation  G. highlight 1．Accepting sadness as part of life helps us deal with the emotional of growing up. 2．Usually, sharks don’t people, and they just attack people by mistake. 3．Today we’ll read about the three great people and the they made to our society. 4．What is Lauren’s job before she became a professional photo blogger? 5．The Cove is a great documentary aimed to the cruelty of dolphin hunting. 二、所给词的适当形式填空 6．He walked slowly, with his hands (bury) in his pockets. 7．There is no need to get (greed) — there is plenty for everyone. 8．His brave act won high (recognize) from the whole society. 9．Standing on the (mass) grassland and enjoying the beautiful scene, I feel relaxed and comfortable. 10．Weight loss success stories (highlight) balanced diets over extreme measures. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Schools in the UK are making 1 effort to help deal with the growing teacher shortage with the use of classroom robots. So far, two primary schools in Plymouth 2 (start) to use the machines as possible replacements (替代) for teaching assistants. Britain’s lack of teaching staff has been a serious problem over the last twenty years. 3 (graduate) are unwilling to enter the primary education department. Many teachers are giving up the teaching jobs for careers in other fields, 4 makes matters worse. Facing this 5 (alarm) shortage, some schools believe that robots might soon be able to fill the gap. Tests have found that, by 6 (show) various classroom techniques, teachers can train the robots to be teachers in a real teaching setting within just three hours. In one example, the robot teacher 7 (success) guided the students through difficult tasks, giving them praise and 8 (encourage) when necessary. The project has been met with 9 (mix) feelings from teachers. Some are concerned that the robots are here to take their jobs while others optimistically regard the machines 10 a way to reduce their heavy workloads. 三、七选五阅读 Ask a parent today what they worry about, and many will mention screen time. 1 And is my kid really doing homework on their computer, or have they been watching YouTube for four hours? Despite these concerns, many parents are resigned (顺从的). They’ll tell their kids they aren’t allowed on social media, only for their children to open accounts anyway. Many parents are driven to extreme despair, and others have simply given up. 2 According to my own experience, talking is just not enough. We need clear rules around technology use because they are kids. Below is my advice. 3 Six out of ten 11-to-17-year-olds use their phone between midnight and 5 a.m. at least once a week, causing them to lose sleep every time the phone buzzes (震动) and they grab their phone to see what’s going on. The mere presence of a phone in the bedroom can disturb sleep, and kids don’t even have to be using it in the middle of the night. Then, first phones should be basic phones. 4 They have no social media and no AI companions, but they can call, text, and take pictures just like a smartphone. If you don’t want your kid on social media until they are 16 or older — and that’s the growing agreement — basic phones make that much easier, while allowing kids to text their friends. Applying these rules is not always easy. But rules like these are much easier to follow than the unclear “every kid is different” advice. Even if you can only follow some of the rules some of the time, your kids will benefit. 5 A．The best is certain to come. B．Teens can’t put down their phones. C．Families care much about their kids. D．Basic phones have no internet browser (浏览器). E．Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good. F．No electronic devices in the bedroom overnight. G．That’s because much advice is difficult to follow. 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $