专题02 Unit2 Sports Culture（暑假预习讲义）新高二英语译林版

专题02 Unit2 Sports Culture （体育文化） 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit2 Sports Culture核心词汇 考点二 Unit2 Sports Culture词块句型 考点三 Unit2 Sports Culture语法讲解—过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 考点四 Unit2 Sports Culture应用文写作—体育运动 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 核心词汇 【考点精讲】 1 compete vi.参加比赛；竞争；对抗 （1）compete in... 参加……（比赛） compete with/against...（for...） （为争取……而）与……竞争 （2）competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 ［联想发散］ “参加”的其他表达还有participate in、take part in、join in、enter等。 2 faith n.信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰 （1）have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心 keep faith with 恪守对……的信任/支持 break faith with 背弃；背信；脱离 （2）faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的 be faithful to sb./sth. 忠实于某人/某事 faithfully adv. 忠实地；如实地 3 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚,投诉 （1）complain （to sb.） about/of （doing） sth. （向某人）抱怨（做）某事 complain （to sb.） that... （向某人）抱怨…… （2）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make/file a complaint/complaints （to sb.） about/that... （向某人）抱怨……；（向某人）投诉…… 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Three athletes will ________ (竞争) for the only gold medal in the game. 2.In such a ________ (竞争激烈的) market, every ________ (竞争者) needs to improve himself constantly. 3.Don’t lose ________ (信心) in yourself, and be ________ (忠实的) to your original dream. 4.Many customers ________ (投诉) to the manager about poor service, and their ________ (投诉) must be dealt with in time. 5.The two companies ________ (为…… 竞争) each other for more customers, and the ________ (竞争) is becoming fiercer. 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.Two players compete ________ each other ________ the championship. (compete) 2.We have full faith ________ our team, and they are ________ (faith) to their goals. (faith) 3.The customer complained ________ the waiter ________ the terrible food. (complain) 4.This is a highly ________ (compete) market full of powerful ________ (compete). (compete) 5.He made a ________ (complain) that no one kept faith ________ him. (complain; faith) 二、英汉互译 1.许多商家为争夺客源互相竞争。 2.不要对自己的团队失去信心，他们一直忠于自己的使命。 3.她向老板投诉工作环境太差。 4.All competitors will compete in the national competition next month. 5.If you break faith with your partners, they will make complaints about you. 考点二 词块句型 【考点精讲】 1 bring...（back） to life 使……生动；使……恢复生机 come to life 苏醒过来；变得活跃；振作起来；（机器）开始工作 live/lead a（n）...life 过着……的生活 be full of life 充满活力 2 too+adj./adv.（+for sb.）+to do sth. （1）“too+adj./adv.（+for sb.）+to do sth.”表示否定意义,意为“（对某人来说）太……而不能做某事”； （2）“too...to...”结构中,too用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词（anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等）时,动词不定式表示肯定意义； （3）“can never/can't...too...”意为“再怎么……也不过分”。 例句：When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own, the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. 当一名拳击手输得很惨,并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时,教练就会扔一条毛巾到擂台上来结束对抗。 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出对应词或短语 1.The artist’s amazing painting ________ (使…… 恢复生机) the ancient history of the city. 2.After the warm music played, the whole party ________ (变得活跃) at once. 3.These old villagers ________ (过着简单平静的生活) in the mountain village all year round. 4.The box is ________ (太重我搬不动) to carry upstairs alone. 5.You ________ (再小心也不为过) when you walk on the icy road. 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 在空白处填入合适的单词 1.The lively performance brought the old stories ______ life again. 2.As soon as the singer appeared, the audience came ______ life. 3.My grandparents lead ______ relaxing life in the countryside and they are full ______ life every day. 4.The stone is too heavy ______ the little boy ______ move. 5.You can never be ______ careful when you deal with this important task. 二、英汉互译 1.这部电影让古老的传说重焕生机。 2.舞台灯光一亮，全场瞬间热闹起来。 3.做这份工作你再细心都不为过。 4.The little girl was too eager to share her new story with us. 5.He leads a colorful life and his daily life is full of life. 考点三 语法讲解--过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 【考点精讲】 （一）两种被动语态基本结构 1.过去进行时被动语态 含义：过去某一时刻/某段时间正在被…… 结构：was/were + being + 过去分词 单数主语：was being done 复数主语：were being done 否定：was/were not being done 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + being done? 标志：at that time, at 8:00 last night, then, when引导过去动作 例句： The building was being built when the storm came. 暴风雨来的时候，这栋大楼正在被修建。 2.过去完成时被动语态 含义：过去某动作之前已经被……（过去的过去被动） 结构：had been + 过去分词 否定：had not (hadn’t) been done 疑问：Had + 主语 + been done? 标志：by the time + 过去时，before, by + 过去时间，said/knew/reported等主句过去时 例句： All the tickets had been sold out before I arrived. 我到之前所有票就已经被卖光了。 （二）核心区别 过去进行时被动：强调过去正在被做，动作当时未结束； 过去完成时被动：强调过去早已被做完，动作在另一过去动作前已完成。 （三）易错点提醒 过去进行被动必须带 being，不能省略； 过去完成被动固定搭配had been done，无was/were； 短暂动词（sell, finish, break off等）多用过去完成被动；延续动作多用过去进行被动。 【牛刀小试】 用括号内动词的正确被动形式填空 1.The road ________ (repair) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. 2.By the time we got to the hall, all seats ________ (take). 3.When I passed the lab, new machines ________ (test). 4.He told me that his new novel ________ (publish) already. 5.The windows ________ (clean) when a sudden noise broke out. 【即学即练】 一、完成句子 使用对应被动语态补全句子 1.昨天下午三点，这座桥正在被工人修建。 The bridge ________ by workers at three yesterday afternoon. 2．消防员赶到前，大部分房屋已经被大火烧毁。 Most houses ________ by the big fire before the firemen arrived. 3.我走进教室时，试卷正在被分发。 When I walked into the classroom, the papers ________. 4.他说所有任务在截止日期前就已经完成了。 He said all the tasks ________ before the deadline. 5.那场冲突爆发时，相关计划正在被讨论。 The related plans ________ when the conflict broke out. 二、英汉互译 1.我到达车站之前，所有车票都已被售罄。 2.昨晚八点，这个问题正在被老师们讨论。 3.在他摆脱困境之前，他的方案已经被团队采纳。 4.The old museum was being broken into when the police arrived. 5.It was clear that all evidence had been broken down and destroyed. 考点四 应用文写作—体育运动 文体定位：属于说明文+感悟类短文写作，常用于校园英文投稿、运动分享、体育活动介绍、爱好分享类题型。文章语言朴实积极，结构清晰，侧重介绍运动项目、运动价值、个人收获，词数80词左右。 核心写作要素：运动项目介绍+个人参与经历+运动价值/精神+个人感悟与收获。 时态人称：以一般现在时为主，讲述过往运动经历可用一般过去时；第一人称为主，客观介绍运动可用第三人称。 【典型例题】 假定你是李华，校英文报正在举办“我的热爱运动”征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍一项你最喜欢的体育运动，内容包括： ①介绍你喜欢的运动项目； ②简述你参与这项运动的经历； ③这项运动带给你的收获与感悟。 词数80左右，语句通顺，逻辑清晰。 【审题剖析】 1.体裁：话题短文（运动介绍+个人感悟），无特殊格式，纯书面说明文 2.时态：介绍运动特点用一般现在时，个人经历可用一般过去时，感悟总结用一般现在时 3.人称：以第一人称I为主，贴合个人分享语境 4.必备要点：运动名称及特点+个人参与经历+运动价值+自我收获（四点完整覆盖） 5.行文框架： 开头：点明自己最喜爱的体育运动，引出话题； 结尾：阐述运动蕴含的体育精神、个人身心收获。 【参考范文】 My Favorite Sport Of all kinds of sports, I like running best and it has become an important part of my daily life. I have kept running every morning for two years. At first, I felt tired and wanted to give up. However, I stuck to it and made gradual progress. Running is a simple but beneficial sport that requires perseverance and self-discipline. This sport benefits me a lot. It not only builds up my body and keeps me energetic, but also teaches me the spirit of never giving up. Whenever I meet difficulties in study and life, the sports spirit inspires me to keep moving forward. 【素材积累】 make gradual progress 取得稳步进步 require perseverance and self-discipline 需要毅力和自律 build up one’s body 强身健体 keep energetic 保持精力充沛 the spirit of never giving up 永不言弃的精神 Not only..., but also... 不仅……而且…… 【即学即练】 【仿写原题】 假定你是李华，你校英文公众号推送“体育伴我成长”系列短文，请你写一篇短文介绍篮球运动，内容包括： ①简单介绍篮球运动； ②你参与篮球运动的日常； ③篮球运动对你的成长意义。 注意：词数80左右。 【写作思路】 开头：点明篮球是自己最喜爱的团队体育运动； 中间：介绍篮球是热门团队运动，简述自己课余打球、和队友训练的日常； 结尾：提炼篮球运动的团队合作、拼搏进取精神，说明对自己品格和交友的积极影响。 【参考范文】 Basketball Shapes Me Basketball is one of the most popular team sports around the world and it is also my favorite sport. I often play basketball with my teammates after school. It is a fast-paced sport that needs good teamwork and quick reaction. Every training and match teaches me how to cooperate with others and face challenges bravely. Basketball brings me endless benefits. It keeps me healthy and strong. More importantly, it helps me develop the sense of teamwork and positive attitude towards difficulties. It truly accompanies my growth. 【仿写素材】 fast-paced sport 节奏明快的运动 teamwork and quick reaction 团队合作与快速反应 cooperate with others 与他人合作 develop a positive attitude 培养积极的心态 accompany one’s growth 陪伴某人成长 一、选词填空 A．ensure  B．hesitate  C． attach  D．demonstrate  E. surround 1．We should great importance to independent thinking in senior high school study. 2．The experiment is designed to how the new method works in real situations. 3．Warm wishes and kind remarks the little girl whenever she meets difficulties. 4．Strict rules and careful arrangements can the safety of all participants in the activity. 5．Don’t to turn to your teachers or classmates when you are faced with puzzles. 二、所给词的适当形式填空 6．The vegetable didn’t taste very good. They (cook) too long. 7．That was the first time that Lucy (invite) to give a speech on how to communicate with kids. 8．Jim hurried home, never once looking back to see whether he (follow). 9．Instead, the robot has a flexible, humanlike spine and artificial (joint) that allow it to move like a human model. 10．Weight loss success (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. 四、阅读理解 Hopping Around the World Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play. Scotch-HoppersChildren in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. Throw the stone into Box 1. Hop over Box 1 and through the pattern. On the way back, hop into Box 1, pick up the stone, and hop out. Then, toss the puck into Box 2, and so on. If your stone enters the wrong box, start over! The first player to throw the stone into each box and hop through the whole pattern wins. Escargot Escargot is the French word for “snail.” For this game, the pattern looks like a snail. No puck is used. Players hop through the pattern on one foot. You may rest in the center on both feet. After resting, hop back through the pattern and out. If you finish the pattern without stepping on a line, write your name in a space. No other player may land in that space. At the end, the player who owns the most spaces wins. La Thunkuna Children play this game in Bolivia, a country in South America. The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange. Instead of writing a number in each square, players write each day of the week. Throw the puck into the first box. Hop over it into the second box. Next, kick the puck backwards and out of the pattern. Then, hop out. On your next turn, throw the puck into the next space, and so on. The first player to hop all the way through wins. Gat Fei Gei In this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. At the top is the pig’s head. Toss the puck into the pig’s head and hop through the pattern. When you reach boxes 7 and 8, spin around and pick up the puck from behind. If you hop through the pattern without making a mistake, pick a box and write your name in it. No one else can land in that box! The player who owns the most boxes wins. 1．What are the two common things used in hopscotch? A．Coin and pin. B．Box and chair. C．Snail and space. D．Puck and pattern. 2．Which of the following shows the difference of Escargot from other hopscotches? A．It needs more space. B．It doesn’t need a puck. C．It is a snail from France. D．It isn’t a pattern but a line. 3．What is the passage mainly talking about? A．The successful winners in the hopscotch. B．The history and development of hopscotch. C．The rules of different versions of hopscotch. D．The popularity of hopscotch all over the world. 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Unit2 Sports Culture （体育文化） 序号 要点聚焦 考点一 Unit2 Sports Culture核心词汇 考点二 Unit2 Sports Culture词块句型 考点三 Unit2 Sports Culture语法讲解—过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 考点四 Unit2 Sports Culture应用文写作—体育运动 深｜研｜精｜炼 考点一 核心词汇 【考点精讲】 1 compete vi.参加比赛；竞争；对抗 （1）compete in... 参加……（比赛） compete with/against...（for...） （为争取……而）与……竞争 （2）competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 ［联想发散］ “参加”的其他表达还有participate in、take part in、join in、enter等。 2 faith n.信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰 （1）have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心 keep faith with 恪守对……的信任/支持 break faith with 背弃；背信；脱离 （2）faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的 be faithful to sb./sth. 忠实于某人/某事 faithfully adv. 忠实地；如实地 3 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚,投诉 （1）complain （to sb.） about/of （doing） sth. （向某人）抱怨（做）某事 complain （to sb.） that... （向某人）抱怨…… （2）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 make/file a complaint/complaints （to sb.） about/that... （向某人）抱怨……；（向某人）投诉…… 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1.Three athletes will ________ (竞争) for the only gold medal in the game. 2.In such a ________ (竞争激烈的) market, every ________ (竞争者) needs to improve himself constantly. 3.Don’t lose ________ (信心) in yourself, and be ________ (忠实的) to your original dream. 4.Many customers ________ (投诉) to the manager about poor service, and their ________ (投诉) must be dealt with in time. 5.The two companies ________ (为…… 竞争) each other for more customers, and the ________ (竞争) is becoming fiercer. 【答案】 1.compete 2.competitive; competitor 3.faith; faithful 4.complained; complaints 5.compete with; competition 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.Two players compete ________ each other ________ the championship. (compete) 2.We have full faith ________ our team, and they are ________ (faith) to their goals. (faith) 3.The customer complained ________ the waiter ________ the terrible food. (complain) 4.This is a highly ________ (compete) market full of powerful ________ (compete). (compete) 5.He made a ________ (complain) that no one kept faith ________ him. (complain; faith) 【答案】 1.with/against; for 2.in; faithful 3.to; about/of 4.competitive; competitors 5.complaint; with 【解析】 1.compete with/against sb. for sth. 为某物与某人竞争 2.have faith in sb./sth. 对…… 有信心；be faithful to 忠实于 3.complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事 4.competitive 形容词，有竞争力的；competitor 竞争者，复数表多个对手 5.make a complaint 投诉；keep faith with sb. 信守对某人的承诺 二、英汉互译 1.许多商家为争夺客源互相竞争。 2.不要对自己的团队失去信心，他们一直忠于自己的使命。 3.她向老板投诉工作环境太差。 4.All competitors will compete in the national competition next month. 5.If you break faith with your partners, they will make complaints about you. 【答案】 1.Many businesses compete with each other for customers. 2.Don’t lose faith in your team, and they are always faithful to their mission. 3.She complained to the boss about the terrible working environment. 4.所有参赛者下个月都将参加这场全国大赛。 5.如果你背弃你的合作伙伴，他们就会对你进行投诉。 考点二 词块句型 【考点精讲】 1 bring...（back） to life 使……生动；使……恢复生机 come to life 苏醒过来；变得活跃；振作起来；（机器）开始工作 live/lead a（n）...life 过着……的生活 be full of life 充满活力 2 too+adj./adv.（+for sb.）+to do sth. （1）“too+adj./adv.（+for sb.）+to do sth.”表示否定意义,意为“（对某人来说）太……而不能做某事”； （2）“too...to...”结构中,too用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词（anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等）时,动词不定式表示肯定意义； （3）“can never/can't...too...”意为“再怎么……也不过分”。 例句：When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own, the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. 当一名拳击手输得很惨,并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时,教练就会扔一条毛巾到擂台上来结束对抗。 【牛刀小试】 单词拼写：根据句意及汉语提示写出对应词或短语 1.The artist’s amazing painting ________ (使…… 恢复生机) the ancient history of the city. 2.After the warm music played, the whole party ________ (变得活跃) at once. 3.These old villagers ________ (过着简单平静的生活) in the mountain village all year round. 4.The box is ________ (太重我搬不动) to carry upstairs alone. 5.You ________ (再小心也不为过) when you walk on the icy road. 【答案】 1.brings (back) to life 2.came to life 3.live/lead a simple and peaceful life 4.too heavy for me 5.can never/can’t be too careful 【即学即练】 一、单句语法填空 在空白处填入合适的单词 1.The lively performance brought the old stories ______ life again. 2.As soon as the singer appeared, the audience came ______ life. 3.My grandparents lead ______ relaxing life in the countryside and they are full ______ life every day. 4.The stone is too heavy ______ the little boy ______ move. 5.You can never be ______ careful when you deal with this important task. 【答案】 1.back to 2.to 3.a; of 4.for; to 5.too 【解析】 1.bring…(back) to life 使…… 恢复生机 2.come to life 活跃起来 3.lead a … life 过着…… 生活；be full of life 充满活力 4.too + adj. + for sb. to do 太…… 而不能…… 5.can never…too… 再…… 也不过分 二、英汉互译 1.这部电影让古老的传说重焕生机。 2.舞台灯光一亮，全场瞬间热闹起来。 3.做这份工作你再细心都不为过。 4.The little girl was too eager to share her new story with us. 5.He leads a colorful life and his daily life is full of life. 【答案】 1.The movie brings the ancient legends back to life. 2.When the stage lights turned on, the whole hall came to life at once. 3.You can never be too careful to do this job. 4.这个小女孩迫不及待想要和我们分享她的新故事。 5.他过着丰富多彩的生活，日常生活充满活力。 考点三 语法讲解--过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 【考点精讲】 （一）两种被动语态基本结构 1.过去进行时被动语态 含义：过去某一时刻/某段时间正在被…… 结构：was/were + being + 过去分词 单数主语：was being done 复数主语：were being done 否定：was/were not being done 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + being done? 标志：at that time, at 8:00 last night, then, when引导过去动作 例句： The building was being built when the storm came. 暴风雨来的时候，这栋大楼正在被修建。 2.过去完成时被动语态 含义：过去某动作之前已经被……（过去的过去被动） 结构：had been + 过去分词 否定：had not (hadn’t) been done 疑问：Had + 主语 + been done? 标志：by the time + 过去时，before, by + 过去时间，said/knew/reported等主句过去时 例句： All the tickets had been sold out before I arrived. 我到之前所有票就已经被卖光了。 （二）核心区别 过去进行时被动：强调过去正在被做，动作当时未结束； 过去完成时被动：强调过去早已被做完，动作在另一过去动作前已完成。 （三）易错点提醒 过去进行被动必须带 being，不能省略； 过去完成被动固定搭配had been done，无was/were； 短暂动词（sell, finish, break off等）多用过去完成被动；延续动作多用过去进行被动。 【牛刀小试】 用括号内动词的正确被动形式填空 1.The road ________ (repair) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. 2.By the time we got to the hall, all seats ________ (take). 3.When I passed the lab, new machines ________ (test). 4.He told me that his new novel ________ (publish) already. 5.The windows ________ (clean) when a sudden noise broke out. 【答案】 1.was being repaired过去某一时刻正在被维修，单数主语用was being done 2.had been taken到达前座位已被占满，过去的过去被动 3.were being tested经过时机器正在被检测，复数主语 4.had been published主句told为过去，出版发生在告知之前 5.were being cleaned突发声响时窗户正在被擦拭 【即学即练】 一、完成句子 使用对应被动语态补全句子 1.昨天下午三点，这座桥正在被工人修建。 The bridge ________ by workers at three yesterday afternoon. 2．消防员赶到前，大部分房屋已经被大火烧毁。 Most houses ________ by the big fire before the firemen arrived. 3.我走进教室时，试卷正在被分发。 When I walked into the classroom, the papers ________. 4.他说所有任务在截止日期前就已经完成了。 He said all the tasks ________ before the deadline. 5.那场冲突爆发时，相关计划正在被讨论。 The related plans ________ when the conflict broke out. 【答案】 1.was being built 2.had been burned down 3.were being handed out 4.had been finished 5.were being discussed 二、英汉互译 1.我到达车站之前，所有车票都已被售罄。 2.昨晚八点，这个问题正在被老师们讨论。 3.在他摆脱困境之前，他的方案已经被团队采纳。 4.The old museum was being broken into when the police arrived. 5.It was clear that all evidence had been broken down and destroyed. 【答案】 1.All the tickets had been sold out before I got to the station. 2.The problem was being discussed by the teachers at eight last night. 3.Before he broke away from trouble, his plan had been accepted by the team. 4.警察赶到时，这座老旧博物馆正遭到强行闯入。 5.很明显，所有证据早已被拆解销毁。 考点四 应用文写作—体育运动 文体定位：属于说明文+感悟类短文写作，常用于校园英文投稿、运动分享、体育活动介绍、爱好分享类题型。文章语言朴实积极，结构清晰，侧重介绍运动项目、运动价值、个人收获，词数80词左右。 核心写作要素：运动项目介绍+个人参与经历+运动价值/精神+个人感悟与收获。 时态人称：以一般现在时为主，讲述过往运动经历可用一般过去时；第一人称为主，客观介绍运动可用第三人称。 【典型例题】 假定你是李华，校英文报正在举办“我的热爱运动”征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍一项你最喜欢的体育运动，内容包括： ①介绍你喜欢的运动项目； ②简述你参与这项运动的经历； ③这项运动带给你的收获与感悟。 词数80左右，语句通顺，逻辑清晰。 【审题剖析】 1.体裁：话题短文（运动介绍+个人感悟），无特殊格式，纯书面说明文 2.时态：介绍运动特点用一般现在时，个人经历可用一般过去时，感悟总结用一般现在时 3.人称：以第一人称I为主，贴合个人分享语境 4.必备要点：运动名称及特点+个人参与经历+运动价值+自我收获（四点完整覆盖） 5.行文框架： 开头：点明自己最喜爱的体育运动，引出话题； 结尾：阐述运动蕴含的体育精神、个人身心收获。 【参考范文】 My Favorite Sport Of all kinds of sports, I like running best and it has become an important part of my daily life. I have kept running every morning for two years. At first, I felt tired and wanted to give up. However, I stuck to it and made gradual progress. Running is a simple but beneficial sport that requires perseverance and self-discipline. This sport benefits me a lot. It not only builds up my body and keeps me energetic, but also teaches me the spirit of never giving up. Whenever I meet difficulties in study and life, the sports spirit inspires me to keep moving forward. 【素材积累】 make gradual progress 取得稳步进步 require perseverance and self-discipline 需要毅力和自律 build up one’s body 强身健体 keep energetic 保持精力充沛 the spirit of never giving up 永不言弃的精神 Not only..., but also... 不仅……而且…… 【即学即练】 【仿写原题】 假定你是李华，你校英文公众号推送“体育伴我成长”系列短文，请你写一篇短文介绍篮球运动，内容包括： ①简单介绍篮球运动； ②你参与篮球运动的日常； ③篮球运动对你的成长意义。 注意：词数80左右。 【写作思路】 开头：点明篮球是自己最喜爱的团队体育运动； 中间：介绍篮球是热门团队运动，简述自己课余打球、和队友训练的日常； 结尾：提炼篮球运动的团队合作、拼搏进取精神，说明对自己品格和交友的积极影响。 【参考范文】 Basketball Shapes Me Basketball is one of the most popular team sports around the world and it is also my favorite sport. I often play basketball with my teammates after school. It is a fast-paced sport that needs good teamwork and quick reaction. Every training and match teaches me how to cooperate with others and face challenges bravely. Basketball brings me endless benefits. It keeps me healthy and strong. More importantly, it helps me develop the sense of teamwork and positive attitude towards difficulties. It truly accompanies my growth. 【仿写素材】 fast-paced sport 节奏明快的运动 teamwork and quick reaction 团队合作与快速反应 cooperate with others 与他人合作 develop a positive attitude 培养积极的心态 accompany one’s growth 陪伴某人成长 一、选词填空 A．ensure  B．hesitate  C． attach  D．demonstrate  E. surround 1．We should great importance to independent thinking in senior high school study. 2．The experiment is designed to how the new method works in real situations. 3．Warm wishes and kind remarks the little girl whenever she meets difficulties. 4．Strict rules and careful arrangements can the safety of all participants in the activity. 5．Don’t to turn to your teachers or classmates when you are faced with puzzles. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．B 【详解】 1．考查动词短语。句意：在高中学习中，我们应该高度重视独立思考。“attach great importance to...”是固定短语，意为“高度重视……”符合语境，should是情态动词，后接动词原形。 2．考查动词。句意：这个实验旨在展示新方法在实际情况中是如何运作的。根据“how the new method works in real situations.”可知，“demonstrate”意为“展示；证明”符合语境，be designed to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”，to后接动词原形。 3．考查动词。句意：每当这个小女孩遇到困难时，温暖的祝福和善意的话语就围绕着她。“surround”意为“围绕；环绕”符合语境，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语“Warm wishes and kind remarks”是复数，所以动词用原形。 4．考查动词。句意：严格的规则和精心的安排可以确保活动中所有参与者的安全。根据“Strict rules and careful arrangements”可知，ensure”意为“确保；保证”符合语境，can是情态动词，后接动词原形，符合语境。 5．考查动词。句意：当你面临难题时，不要犹豫向老师或同学求助。根据“when you are faced with puzzles.”可知，“hesitate to do sth.”意为“犹豫做某事”符合语境，Don't后接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式。 二、所给词的适当形式填空 6．The vegetable didn’t taste very good. They (cook) too long. 【答案】had been cooked 【详解】根据题意可知：蔬菜是过去尝起来不好，那么煮那些蔬菜这一动作是在didn’t taste之前就完成了，煮这一动作就发生在过去的过去，且蔬菜与煮这一动作之间是被动关系，所以该空要用过去完成时的被动语态“had been done”，故答案为had been cooked。 7．That was the first time that Lucy (invite) to give a speech on how to communicate with kids. 【答案】had been invited 【详解】句意：那是露西第一次被邀请去做一个关于如何与孩子沟通的演讲。That was the first time that...”这个句型中，that从句要用过去完成时，Lucy与invite之间是被动关系，即“被邀请”，所以用过去完成时的被动语态had been invited 。 8．Jim hurried home, never once looking back to see whether he (follow). 【答案】was being followed 【详解】句意：吉姆匆匆回家，从未回头看自己是否正被人跟踪。主句时态为一般过去时，从句描述的是过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作（“被跟踪”），因此需要用过去进行时的被动语态，主谓一致，用was being followed。 9．Instead, the robot has a flexible, humanlike spine and artificial (joint) that allow it to move like a human model. 【答案】joints 【详解】句意：相反，这款机器人拥有灵活的人形脊柱以及人造关节，使其能够像人类模型一样进行移动。此处数量大于一用名词复数形式作宾语。 10．Weight loss success (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. 【答案】stories 【详解】句意：各类减肥成功案例都推崇均衡饮食而非极端方式。此处作主语，谓语动词highlight为动词原形，说明主语是复数名词，story的复数形式是stories。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 1．entirely 2．instructor 3．and 4．feet 5．am supposed 6．which 7．descriptive 8．on 9．being 10．to meet 【导语】文章主要讲述作者首次清晨跟随老师体验太极课程的经历与感悟。 【详解】 1．考查副词。句意：太极课的前十五分钟，我们全程待在原地热身。本空修饰动词remain，作状语，用副词entirely“完全地，全程地”。 2．考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 3．考查连词。句意：你的身心合一。本空连接并列名词mind和body，用并列连词and。 4．考查名词复数。句意：她说：“双脚平行站立，用丹田支撑身体。”foot为可数名词，此处指双脚，用复数形式feet作宾语。 5．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 6．考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 7．考查形容词。句意：这些招式有着形象生动的名字，如“捧碗”和“揽雀尾”。本空修饰名词names，作定语，用形容词descriptive“描绘性的，形象的”。 8．考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one’s eyes on sb./sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：课程结束时才早上八点，天色尚早，我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，be的动名词形式为being。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 四、阅读理解 Hopping Around the World Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play. Scotch-HoppersChildren in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. Throw the stone into Box 1. Hop over Box 1 and through the pattern. On the way back, hop into Box 1, pick up the stone, and hop out. Then, toss the puck into Box 2, and so on. If your stone enters the wrong box, start over! The first player to throw the stone into each box and hop through the whole pattern wins. Escargot Escargot is the French word for “snail.” For this game, the pattern looks like a snail. No puck is used. Players hop through the pattern on one foot. You may rest in the center on both feet. After resting, hop back through the pattern and out. If you finish the pattern without stepping on a line, write your name in a space. No other player may land in that space. At the end, the player who owns the most spaces wins. La Thunkuna Children play this game in Bolivia, a country in South America. The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange. Instead of writing a number in each square, players write each day of the week. Throw the puck into the first box. Hop over it into the second box. Next, kick the puck backwards and out of the pattern. Then, hop out. On your next turn, throw the puck into the next space, and so on. The first player to hop all the way through wins. Gat Fei Gei In this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. At the top is the pig’s head. Toss the puck into the pig’s head and hop through the pattern. When you reach boxes 7 and 8, spin around and pick up the puck from behind. If you hop through the pattern without making a mistake, pick a box and write your name in it. No one else can land in that box! The player who owns the most boxes wins. 1．What are the two common things used in hopscotch? A．Coin and pin. B．Box and chair. C．Snail and space. D．Puck and pattern. 2．Which of the following shows the difference of Escargot from other hopscotches? A．It needs more space. B．It doesn’t need a puck. C．It is a snail from France. D．It isn’t a pattern but a line. 3．What is the passage mainly talking about? A．The successful winners in the hopscotch. B．The history and development of hopscotch. C．The rules of different versions of hopscotch. D．The popularity of hopscotch all over the world. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界各地不同版本的跳房子。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through(跳房子游戏是一种非常古老的游戏。它通常使用一个冰球，比如一块石头，以及一个让玩家跳跃的图案。)”可知，跳房子游戏中最常用的两种东西是冰球和图案。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Scotch-Hoppers部分中的“Children in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. (英格兰和苏格兰的孩子们用石头或硬币玩这个游戏。)”，Escargot部分中的“No puck is used.(不使用冰球)”，La Thunkuna部分中的“The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange(冰球是一块石头或橙子皮)”和Gat Fei Gei部分中的“In this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. (在这个中国版的跳房子游戏中，冰球是一块屋顶瓦片)”可知，Escargot 与其他跳房子的不同之处在于它不需要冰球。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是标题“Hopping Around the World(世界各地的跳房子)”和第一段“Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play.(跳房子游戏是一种非常古老的游戏。它通常使用一个冰球，比如一块石头，以及一个让玩家跳跃的图案。这里有不同的版本。)”可知，文章主要介绍了世界上不同版本跳房子游戏的规则。故选C。 2 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $