内容正文:
专题02 非谓语动词之动词ing形式
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
动词-ing形式作定语、表语
考点二
动词-ing形式作状语
考点三
动词-ing形式作宾语、宾语补足语
考点四
动词-ing形式的时态、语态及独立主格结构
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动词-ing形式(现在分词/动名词)
├─ 基础形式
│ ├─ 一般式主动:doing
│ ├─ 一般式被动:being done
│ ├─ 完成式主动:having done
│ └─ 完成式被动:having been done
├─ 句法功能
│ ├─ 作定语:修饰名词,表主动/进行
│ ├─ 作表语:描述事物性质、特征
│ ├─ 作宾语:固定动词/介词后使用
│ ├─ 作宾补:表动作正在进行
│ └─ 作状语:时间、原因、伴随、结果、条件
└─ 特殊结构
├─ 否定形式:not doing / not having done
└─ 独立主格:逻辑主语 + doing,主从句主语不一致时使用
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考点一 动词-ing形式作定语、表语
【知识精讲】
1.作定语
(1)位置:单个- ing形容词/分词前置,短语形式后置。
(2)含义:表主动关系或动作正在进行。
例:a running boy 一个正在奔跑的男孩(进行)
The girl standing by the window is my sister. 站在窗边的女孩是我妹妹(主动 + 后置定语)。
(3)易混辨析:-ing 形容词VS -ed形容词
doing:修饰事物,表示“令人…… 的”,主语多为物;
done:修饰人,表示“感到…… 的”,主语多为人。
例:The movie is exciting.(这部电影令人激动。)
I am excited.(我感到很激动。)
2.作表语
放在系动词(be, become, keep 等)后,说明主语的性质、特征、状态,不表动作。
例:The story is interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。
3.易错提醒
区分进行时态与- ing作表语:进行时态表“正在做动作”;-ing作表语表“主语本身的特征”。
【典例破题】
例题:The ______ (surprise) news made all of us ______ (surprise).(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】surprising;surprised
【思路点拨】第一空修饰名词 news(事物),用surprising表“令人惊讶的”;第二空修饰人all of us,用surprised表“感到惊讶的”。
【方法提炼】物用- ing,人用- ed,牢记这一核心区分规则。
【巩固提升】
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.The game is very ______ (excite). All the players feel ______ (excite).
2.Look! There is a ______ (sleep) cat on the sofa.
3.The boy ______ (wait) at the door is my classmate.
4.It is a ______ (move) story. Many people were ______ (move).
5.Her job is ______ (look) after the elderly in the community.
【答案】
1.exciting;excited 解析:game为事物用 exciting;主语为人用excited。
2.sleeping 解析:单个- ing词作前置定语,表“正在睡觉的”。
3.waiting 解析:分词短语后置定语,boy与wait为主动关系。
4.moving;moved 解析:修饰story用moving;修饰人用moved。
5.looking 解析:动名词作表语,说明职业内容。
考点二 动词-ing形式作状语
【知识精讲】
1.基本规则
-ing形式作状语时,逻辑主语必须与主句主语保持一致,表主动关系。可转换为对应的状语从句。
2.常见句法功能及例句
(1)时间状语(相当于 when/while 引导的从句)
例:Walking along the street, I saw many flowers. 走在街上,我看到了许多花。
(2)原因状语(相当于 because/since/as 引导的从句)
例:Being ill, she didn’t go to school yesterday. 因为生病了,她昨天没来上学。
(3)伴随/方式状语(主句动作与分词动作同时发生)
例:He sat there, reading a newspaper. 他坐在那里看报纸。
(4)结果状语(多置于句末,表自然而然的结果)
例:The heavy rain lasted for days, causing the river to rise. 大雨连续下了几天,导致河水上涨。
(5)条件状语(相当于if引导的从句)
例:Working hard, you will make progress. 努力学习,你就会取得进步。
3.否定形式
直接在-ing前加not,即not doing。
例:Not knowing the way, he asked a policeman for help. 因为不认识路,他向警察求助。
【典例破题】
例题:______ (walk) to school every day, I can keep healthy.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Walking
【思路点拨】主句主语为I,与walk是主动关系,此处作方式/伴随状语,用现在分词形式。
【方法提炼】句首无连词,主语一致、表主动,优先选用doing作状语。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.______ (not know) his address, I couldn’t find his house.
2.She went out of the room, ______ (sing) a soft song.
3.______ (Study) hard, and you will pass the exam.
4.The fire lasted nearly a week, ______ (leave) nothing valuable.
5.______ (Be) late for school, the boy was criticized by the teacher.
【答案】
1.Not knowing 解析:否定形式,现在分词作原因状语,主语一致且主动。
2.singing 解析:现在分词作伴随状语,动作与主句动作同步。
3.Studying 解析:作条件状语,表主动。
4.leaving 解析:作结果状语,表自然而然产生的结果。
5.Being 解析:作原因状语,be late为固定搭配,用being。
考点三 动词-ing形式作宾语、宾语补足语
【知识精讲】
(一)作宾语
1.只能接- ing作宾语的动词/短语(高频必背)
enjoy, finish, practice, mind, suggest, keep, avoid, miss, imagine, admit;
give up, put off, can’t help (忍不住), feel like 等。
例:I enjoy listening to music. 我喜欢听音乐。
She gave up learning piano. 她放弃了学钢琴。
2.既可接to do又可接doing,含义不同的高频动词
remember/forget:remember/forget to do 记得 / 忘记要去做某事;remember/forget doing 记得/忘记做过某事
stop:stop to do 停下来去做另一件事;stop doing 停止正在做的事
regret:regret to do 遗憾要做某事;regret doing 后悔做过某事
(二)作宾语补足语
多用于感官动词(see, hear, watch, notice, feel)和keep, find等后。
含义:强调动作正在进行;区别于不带to的不定式(强调动作全过程)。
例:I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(进行)
I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。(全过程)
【典例破题】
例题:Would you mind ______ (open) the window for me?(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】opening
【思路点拨】固定搭配 mind doing sth.(介意做某事),mind后只能接动名词作宾语。
【方法提炼】熟记只接doing的动词短语,看到mind、finish、enjoy等直接用doing。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.He finished ______ (write) his report last night.
2.Don’t forget ______ (lock) the door when you leave. I remember ______ (lock) it yesterday.
3.The teacher asked us to stop ______ (talk) and listen to her.
4.I can’t help ______ (laugh) when I see the funny boy.
5.We heard the baby ______ (cry) in the next room at that moment.
【答案】
1.writing 解析:finish doing sth. 完成做某事。
2.to lock;locking 解析:forget to do 忘记要做;remember doing 记得做过。
3.talking 解析:stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事。
4.laughing 解析:can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事。
5.crying 解析:hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事。
考点四 动词-ing形式的时态、语态及独立主格
【知识精讲】
1.时态与语态变化
形式
结构
用法
一般主动式
doing
动作与主句动作同时发生,表主动
一般被动式
being done
动作与主句动作同时发生,表被动、进行
完成主动式
having done
动作先于主句动作发生,表主动
完成被动式
having been done
动作先于主句动作发生,表被动
例:Having finished my homework, I went out to play.(写完作业后,我出去玩了。动作先后)
The building being built now is our new library.(正在被建造的大楼是我们的新图书馆。被动 + 进行)
2.独立主格结构
当分词逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,需在-ing前加上专属逻辑主语,构成“名词/代词 + doing”结构,多作状语。
例:The rain stopping, we went out for a walk. 雨停了,我们出去散步。
3.否定形式
完成式否定:not having done / not having been done
【典例破题】
例题:______ (finish) his homework, Tom went to play basketball.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Having finished
【思路点拨】“完成作业”发生在“去打篮球”之前,主语Tom与finish为主动关系,用完成主动式having done。
【方法提炼】两个动作有明显先后顺序,主语一致且主动,选用having done。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.The bridge ______ (build) now will be open next year.
2.______ (not receive) his reply, I wrote another letter.
3.The storm ______ (pass), we continued our journey.
4.______ (do) all the work, they had a rest.
5.The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting now is very important.
【答案】
1.being built 解析:now提示进行,bridge与build为被动,用一般被动式。
2.Not having received 解析:动作先于主句,否定形式,用完成主动式否定。
3.passing 解析:独立主格,storm为逻辑主语,主动关系。
4.Having done 解析:动作先后,主动关系,用完成式。
5.being discussed 解析:now表进行,problem与discuss被动,用being done。
一、根据中文意思补全句子
1.In the competitive society, teenagers should learn to solve problems by themselves instead of always ________ ________ their parents.
在竞争激烈的社会中,青少年应学会独立解决问题,而不是总是依赖父母。
【答案】relying on
【详解】表示“依赖”可用rely on ,rely在句中作介词of的宾语,因此要用动名词形式。
2.Being a clown doctor means I can help by ________ them.
成为一名小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗乐人们的方式帮助他们。
【答案】entertaining
【详解】根据句意“娱乐”可知用动词entertain,作介词的宾语,用动名词形式。
3.I often _______________ part of my meal for the next day.
我经常会把一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。
【答案】end up saving
【详解】表示“最终做某事”应用end up doing sth.,结合often可知,使用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词用原形,表示“留存”应用save,此处为动名词saving。
4.The law ________________.
这项法规应被视为是实现某些社会目标的一种途径。
【答案】should be viewed as a way of meeting certain social goals
【详解】表示“应被视为”使用被动语态should be viewed as,表示“一种……途径”译为a way of,表示“实现某些社会目标”为meet certain social goals,作介词of的宾语,meet用动名词形式。
5.On a typical day, we spend our time ________ patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too!
平时,我们花时间让病人、病人家属,通常还有医院的工作人员振作起来!
【答案】cheering up
【详解】根据句意,“让……振作起来”用动词短语cheer up,且“spend time (in) doing sth.”为固定搭配,应用动名词cheering up形式作宾语。
二、所给词的适当形式填空
6.We shouldn’t delay (visit) the doctor just because we’re busy; our health should come first.
【答案】visiting
【详解】句意:我们不应该因为忙就推迟看医生,健康应该放在第一位。delay doing sth.是固定用法,表示“推迟做某事”,要将visit变成visiting。
7.Having small children means (restrict) your freedom.
【答案】restricting
【详解】句意:有年幼的孩子意味着限制你的自由。mean作“意味着”讲时,后接动名词作宾语,restrict的动名词形式为restricting。
8.If you don’t put down your mobile phone right now, you’ll end up (ruin) your schedule again.
【答案】ruining
【详解】句意:如果你现在还不放下手机,你就会再次破坏自己的计划安排。短语end up doing sth.表示“最终做某事”,动名词作宾语。
9.Before (tell) the truth, the majority of my classmates had been mistaking me for leaking the secret.
【答案】being told
【详解】句意:在被告知真相之前,大多数同学一直误以为是我泄露了秘密。作介词的宾语,用动名词形式,且classmates与tell构成被动关系,故用being done形式。
10.One develops a reading habit by reading 20 minutes every day and never (skip) it.
【答案】skipping
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一个人可以通过每天阅读20分钟并且从不跳过阅读来养成阅读习惯。空处和reading并列作介词by的宾语,所以空处需用动名词的形式。故填skipping。
11.The cat walked across the narrow wall, carefully (edge) along its length to avoid falling.
【答案】edging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那只猫走过狭窄的墙头,小心翼翼地沿着墙慢慢移动,以免掉下去。句子已有谓语动词walked,空处需填非谓语动词作伴随状语,主语The cat和动词edge“缓慢地移动”之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式edging。故填edging。
12. (generate) a lot of interest among students, the book fair was held successfully in our school.
【答案】Generating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:书展在我们学校成功举办,在学生中引起了极大的兴趣。the book fair与generate之间是主动关系,即书展产生兴趣,这里用现在分词作状语,首字母大写。故填Generating。
13.The musician (compose) cheerful rhythms wins great love from young fans.
【答案】composing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这位创作欢快节奏的音乐家赢得了年轻粉丝的热烈喜爱。The musician与compose是主动关系,即音乐家创作欢快的节奏,所以用现在分词作后置定语修饰The musician,故填composing。
14.Yesterday’s dinner (consist) of several different French dishes tasted very delicious.
【答案】consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天那顿由几道不同法式菜肴组成的晚餐尝起来非常美味。句中已有谓语动词tasted,且空处无连词连接,故consist用非谓语形式;dinner与consist之间为主动关系,consist of为固定搭配,无被动形式,因此用现在分词作后置定语修饰dinner。故填consisting。
15.In this cultural center, you can see numerous artworks (vary) from traditional Chinese paintings to modern oil paintings.
【答案】varying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这个文化中心,你可以看到无数的艺术品,从中国传统绘画到现代油画都有。numerous artworks与vary是主动关系,用现在分词作定语。故填varying。
三、语法填空
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 16 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 17 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018.
18 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 19 unforgettable and adventurous night.
It’s in this magical world 20 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 21 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible.
While told with a wild imagination, the story 22 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 23 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 24 (preserve) and respect the memory of their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 25 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety.
【答案】
16.remarkably 17.which 18.Inspired 19.an 20.that 21.disappearing 22.conveys 23.celebrities 24.to preserve 25.personal
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作《寻梦环游记》的内容、场景以及所想传达给观众的意义。
16.考查副词。句意:但是几乎没有几部电影能描写的像寻梦环游记这样引人注目。空格处单词处于as…as结构中,一般填形容词或副词的原级形式。由于空格处单词修饰动词done,所以应用副词形式。故填remarkably。
17.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:寻梦环游记是迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的最新的动画巨作,它在11月24日上映并且赢得了2018年奥斯卡奖。这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为Coco(指物),从句缺少主语,故填which。
18.考查过去分词作状语。句意:受墨西哥亡灵节的启发,制作团队创作了一个名叫米格尔的小男孩。这句话谓语动词为created,所以空格处应填非谓语动词。这句话的主语the film’s production team与inspire之间是被动关系,故填过去分词Inspired.
19.考查不定冠词。句意:在那儿的时候,米格尔度过了一个难忘的又充满危险的晚上。这里的一个晚上前边没有提到过,是泛指,且unforgettable是以元音音素开始的,故填an。
20.考查强调句。句意:就是在这个有魔力的世界里,米格尔遇到了并发现了关于他祖爷爷的真相。这是一个强调句,强调句的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)...”,这句话中强调的是地点状语,故填that。
21.考查动名词作宾语。句意:为保护祖爷爷不消失,米格尔必须尽可能早的将他的照片带回有生命的世界。“protect…from…”意为“保护……免遭……”,其中from为介词,其后一般跟动名词或名词作宾语。disappear(消失)是动词,所以空格处填动名词形式,故填disappearing。
22.考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:尽管这个故事是以无边的想象的形式讲述的,但是这个故事传达了清晰而温暖的信息。这篇文章整体是以现在时为主的,所以这句话应使用一般现在时。the story是第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填conveys。
23.考查可数名词的复数形式。句意:在一个年轻人很容易被名流吸引的时代,寻梦环游记揭露了这种谄媚的空虚,一方面教给孩子珍藏并尊重关于老人的记忆,一方面让他们知道真正的想象力经常是很私人的。由于这题空格位于介词by后,空格后没有其他名词,所以空格处应填名词形式。“celebrity(名人)”是可数名词,且其前没有冠词之类的限定词,所以应用复数形式。故填celebrities。
24.考查不定式做宾补。句意同上。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份,且只有两个不定式并列式才可以省去第二个不定式的to使用动词原形,所以空格处填t不定式。且“teach sb. to do sth.”是一个固定搭配,意为“教某人做某事”,故填to preserve。
25.考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于be动词后作表语,应用形容词形式。故填personal。
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专题02 非谓语动词之动词ing形式
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
动词-ing形式作定语、表语
考点二
动词-ing形式作状语
考点三
动词-ing形式作宾语、宾语补足语
考点四
动词-ing形式的时态、语态及独立主格结构
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动词-ing形式(现在分词/动名词)
├─ 基础形式
│ ├─ 一般式主动:doing
│ ├─ 一般式被动:being done
│ ├─ 完成式主动:having done
│ └─ 完成式被动:having been done
├─ 句法功能
│ ├─ 作定语:修饰名词,表主动/进行
│ ├─ 作表语:描述事物性质、特征
│ ├─ 作宾语:固定动词/介词后使用
│ ├─ 作宾补:表动作正在进行
│ └─ 作状语:时间、原因、伴随、结果、条件
└─ 特殊结构
├─ 否定形式:not doing / not having done
└─ 独立主格:逻辑主语 + doing,主从句主语不一致时使用
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考点一 动词-ing形式作定语、表语
【知识精讲】
1.作定语
(1)位置:单个- ing形容词/分词前置,短语形式后置。
(2)含义:表主动关系或动作正在进行。
例:a running boy 一个正在奔跑的男孩(进行)
The girl standing by the window is my sister. 站在窗边的女孩是我妹妹(主动 + 后置定语)。
(3)易混辨析:-ing 形容词VS -ed形容词
doing:修饰事物,表示“令人…… 的”,主语多为物;
done:修饰人,表示“感到…… 的”,主语多为人。
例:The movie is exciting.(这部电影令人激动。)
I am excited.(我感到很激动。)
2.作表语
放在系动词(be, become, keep 等)后,说明主语的性质、特征、状态,不表动作。
例:The story is interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。
3.易错提醒
区分进行时态与- ing作表语:进行时态表“正在做动作”;-ing作表语表“主语本身的特征”。
【典例破题】
例题:The ______ (surprise) news made all of us ______ (surprise).(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】surprising;surprised
【思路点拨】第一空修饰名词 news(事物),用surprising表“令人惊讶的”;第二空修饰人all of us,用surprised表“感到惊讶的”。
【方法提炼】物用- ing,人用- ed,牢记这一核心区分规则。
【巩固提升】
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.The game is very ______ (excite). All the players feel ______ (excite).
2.Look! There is a ______ (sleep) cat on the sofa.
3.The boy ______ (wait) at the door is my classmate.
4.It is a ______ (move) story. Many people were ______ (move).
5.Her job is ______ (look) after the elderly in the community.
考点二 动词-ing形式作状语
【知识精讲】
1.基本规则
-ing形式作状语时,逻辑主语必须与主句主语保持一致,表主动关系。可转换为对应的状语从句。
2.常见句法功能及例句
(1)时间状语(相当于 when/while 引导的从句)
例:Walking along the street, I saw many flowers. 走在街上,我看到了许多花。
(2)原因状语(相当于 because/since/as 引导的从句)
例:Being ill, she didn’t go to school yesterday. 因为生病了,她昨天没来上学。
(3)伴随/方式状语(主句动作与分词动作同时发生)
例:He sat there, reading a newspaper. 他坐在那里看报纸。
(4)结果状语(多置于句末,表自然而然的结果)
例:The heavy rain lasted for days, causing the river to rise. 大雨连续下了几天,导致河水上涨。
(5)条件状语(相当于if引导的从句)
例:Working hard, you will make progress. 努力学习,你就会取得进步。
3.否定形式
直接在-ing前加not,即not doing。
例:Not knowing the way, he asked a policeman for help. 因为不认识路,他向警察求助。
【典例破题】
例题:______ (walk) to school every day, I can keep healthy.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Walking
【思路点拨】主句主语为I,与walk是主动关系,此处作方式/伴随状语,用现在分词形式。
【方法提炼】句首无连词,主语一致、表主动,优先选用doing作状语。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.______ (not know) his address, I couldn’t find his house.
2.She went out of the room, ______ (sing) a soft song.
3.______ (Study) hard, and you will pass the exam.
4.The fire lasted nearly a week, ______ (leave) nothing valuable.
5.______ (Be) late for school, the boy was criticized by the teacher.
考点三 动词-ing形式作宾语、宾语补足语
【知识精讲】
(一)作宾语
1.只能接- ing作宾语的动词/短语(高频必背)
enjoy, finish, practice, mind, suggest, keep, avoid, miss, imagine, admit;
give up, put off, can’t help (忍不住), feel like 等。
例:I enjoy listening to music. 我喜欢听音乐。
She gave up learning piano. 她放弃了学钢琴。
2.既可接to do又可接doing,含义不同的高频动词
remember/forget:remember/forget to do 记得 / 忘记要去做某事;remember/forget doing 记得/忘记做过某事
stop:stop to do 停下来去做另一件事;stop doing 停止正在做的事
regret:regret to do 遗憾要做某事;regret doing 后悔做过某事
(二)作宾语补足语
多用于感官动词(see, hear, watch, notice, feel)和keep, find等后。
含义:强调动作正在进行;区别于不带to的不定式(强调动作全过程)。
例:I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(进行)
I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。(全过程)
【典例破题】
例题:Would you mind ______ (open) the window for me?(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】opening
【思路点拨】固定搭配 mind doing sth.(介意做某事),mind后只能接动名词作宾语。
【方法提炼】熟记只接doing的动词短语,看到mind、finish、enjoy等直接用doing。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.He finished ______ (write) his report last night.
2.Don’t forget ______ (lock) the door when you leave. I remember ______ (lock) it yesterday.
3.The teacher asked us to stop ______ (talk) and listen to her.
4.I can’t help ______ (laugh) when I see the funny boy.
5.We heard the baby ______ (cry) in the next room at that moment.
考点四 动词-ing形式的时态、语态及独立主格
【知识精讲】
1.时态与语态变化
形式
结构
用法
一般主动式
doing
动作与主句动作同时发生,表主动
一般被动式
being done
动作与主句动作同时发生,表被动、进行
完成主动式
having done
动作先于主句动作发生,表主动
完成被动式
having been done
动作先于主句动作发生,表被动
例:Having finished my homework, I went out to play.(写完作业后,我出去玩了。动作先后)
The building being built now is our new library.(正在被建造的大楼是我们的新图书馆。被动 + 进行)
2.独立主格结构
当分词逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,需在-ing前加上专属逻辑主语,构成“名词/代词 + doing”结构,多作状语。
例:The rain stopping, we went out for a walk. 雨停了,我们出去散步。
3.否定形式
完成式否定:not having done / not having been done
【典例破题】
例题:______ (finish) his homework, Tom went to play basketball.(用所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Having finished
【思路点拨】“完成作业”发生在“去打篮球”之前,主语Tom与finish为主动关系,用完成主动式having done。
【方法提炼】两个动作有明显先后顺序,主语一致且主动,选用having done。
【巩固提升】
用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.The bridge ______ (build) now will be open next year.
2.______ (not receive) his reply, I wrote another letter.
3.The storm ______ (pass), we continued our journey.
4.______ (do) all the work, they had a rest.
5.The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting now is very important.
一、根据中文意思补全句子
1.In the competitive society, teenagers should learn to solve problems by themselves instead of always ________ ________ their parents.
在竞争激烈的社会中,青少年应学会独立解决问题,而不是总是依赖父母。
2.Being a clown doctor means I can help by ________ them.
成为一名小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗乐人们的方式帮助他们。
3.I often _______________ part of my meal for the next day.
我经常会把一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。
4.The law ________________.
这项法规应被视为是实现某些社会目标的一种途径。
5.On a typical day, we spend our time ________ patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too!
平时,我们花时间让病人、病人家属,通常还有医院的工作人员振作起来!
二、所给词的适当形式填空
6.We shouldn’t delay (visit) the doctor just because we’re busy; our health should come first.
7.Having small children means (restrict) your freedom.
8.If you don’t put down your mobile phone right now, you’ll end up (ruin) your schedule again.
9.Before (tell) the truth, the majority of my classmates had been mistaking me for leaking the secret.
10.One develops a reading habit by reading 20 minutes every day and never (skip) it.
11.The cat walked across the narrow wall, carefully (edge) along its length to avoid falling.
12. (generate) a lot of interest among students, the book fair was held successfully in our school.
13.The musician (compose) cheerful rhythms wins great love from young fans.
14.Yesterday’s dinner (consist) of several different French dishes tasted very delicious.
15.In this cultural center, you can see numerous artworks (vary) from traditional Chinese paintings to modern oil paintings.
三、语法填空
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 16 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 17 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018.
18 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 19 unforgettable and adventurous night.
It’s in this magical world 20 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 21 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible.
While told with a wild imagination, the story 22 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 23 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 24 (preserve) and respect the memory of their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 25 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety.
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