专题06 动词的时态与语态（结构化知识+题型提升练）2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破

该高中英语高考复习学案系统覆盖动词时态与语态专题，将八大时态（一般现在时、过去时等）和被动语态（含特殊句式）按“真题分析-知识清单-易混对比”架构梳理，通过2026年真题语篇实例解析时态使用规律，结合表格对比易混时态，引导学生自主构建“时态判定-语态辨析”知识网络，夯实语言能力基础。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层提升设计，开篇设置语篇动词时态语态分析表，学生通过填写核心动词类型、时态、语态自主诊断薄弱点，培养思维品质。配套真题演练（阅读理解、完形填空等）和解题技巧指导（找时间标志、看动作先后），助力学生自主提升，教师可依据诊断结果实施个性化指导，有效培养学习能力。

2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题06 动词的时态与语态 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 知识运用题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 知｜识｜清｜单 Group 1 英语的时态 真题分析 【2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷)，阅读理解B篇】Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. I felt a small pain in my chest. The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college, even without the book. And it wasn’t, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 25. How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A. Annoyed. B. Disappointed. C. Encouraged. D. Astonished. 26. What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A. It helped her through college. B. It was given to Kevin as a gift. C. It bore witness to her efforts. D. It was a valuable limited edition. 27. What has the author come to realize about learning? A. It is never too late to start. B. Motivation is what really matters. C. Children need role models. D. Dictionaries are still a useful tool. （答案：24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B） 【要点分析】 时态运用特点简析 原文节选 核心谓语动词 时态类型 时态判定依据 高考阅读语篇时态使用规律 1 Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. asked 一般过去时 时间标志词：Not long ago（不久前），全文为回忆类记叙文，整体叙事背景为过去 1. 记叙文讲述过去发生的故事，主线叙事动词统一用一般过去时，是高考阅读、完形最高频时态；<br>2. 有明确过去时间状语（long ago/yesterday/then等），动作一律用一般过去时 2 “Look it up,” I responded. responded 一般过去时 母子对话发生在过去，主句转述对话动作为过去动作 人物间对话的“说、答、问”等转述动词（say/ask/reply/respond），均用一般过去时；引号内直接引语时态独立，不受主句影响 3 “But my screen time is off,” he said. said 一般过去时 说话这个行为发生在过去 同上，转述对话的谓语动词固定一般过去时；引号内is为直接引语内部一般现在时 4 I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed dramatically. looked、held、sighed 一般过去时 连续发生的过去连贯动作，书架摆放字典是当时客观状态 多个先后发生、并列的过去动作，用and连接，全部使用一般过去时 5 “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. asked 一般过去时 提问动作发生在当日过去场景 询问、感叹类转述动词统一一般过去时 6 Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. occurred、did not know 一般过去时 it occurred to sb that 固定过去句型；孩子“不认识字典”是当时持续状态 过去瞬间想到某事、过去长期存在的状态，均用一般过去时 7 I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. took down、read、handed 一般过去时 一连串先后完成的过去动作，before连接先后时序 有before/after表过去动作先后，主句、从句动词都用一般过去时 8 It took him a few tries to find the word in question. took 一般过去时 句型It took sb +时间 to do，描述过去花费时间 描述过去做某事耗费时长，固定用一般过去时take 9 While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” kept saying（完整结构：he was going through） 过去进行时 时间连词While（当……时），强调翻阅书页过程中持续说话 高考高频考点：while引导从句，强调过去某一时间段持续进行的动作，用过去进行时；常省略主语+be动词（while doing） 10 After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” looked、asked 一般过去时 过去先后动作；引号内Do you know为直接引语一般现在时 叙事主线动词不变，直接引语描述当下提问，用一般现在时 11 “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. said 一般过去时 转述说话动作；引语内do not know一般现在时 转述动词统一过去，引语表达当下认知用现在时 12 I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. had 一般过去时 13岁生日是过去时间点，拥有字典是过去状态 回忆人生过往经历、过去拥有的物品，用一般过去时 13 I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. decided、wanted、started、looked up 一般过去时 一连串过去心理、行为动作 过去一系列心理活动（decide/want）、行为动作并列，全部一般过去时 14 I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. continued、went off、packed 一般过去时 for years表过去持续多年的行为；上大学、收拾行李为过去动作 过去持续多年的习惯性行为，不用过去完成时，直接用一般过去时 15 Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. wanted 一般过去时 儿子当时的想法，过去心理状态 过去瞬时/长期心理感受（want/feel/think）用一般过去时 16 I felt a small pain in my chest. felt 一般过去时 当时内心感受，过去感官状态 感官动词feel/smell/see描述过去感受，一般过去时 17 The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. was stolen 一般过去时（被动语态） 字典“被偷”发生在大一结束（过去时间） 过去发生的被动事件，时态仍为一般过去时，仅增加被动结构，高考完形常考过去时被动 18 “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” said 一般过去时；引语内is、know一般现在时 说话动作发生在过去，引语表达当下观点 转述动词过去时，引语客观评价、现有认知用一般现在时 19 I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college. realized、was、made 一般过去时 当时意识到、大学后续三年的经历，均为过去 过去产生的认知、后续过去时间段的经历，统一一般过去时 20 Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. understand、may be learning、is learning 一般现在时、现在进行时 时间标志Now，文章结尾跳出回忆，抒发当下感悟 1. 文末总结人生道理、作者当下想法，用一般现在时；<br>2. may be learning / is learning 现在进行时表现阶段持续发生的动作，是高考阅读理解高频考点 21 It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. is、learn 一般现在时 全文升华的客观哲理 阐述恒久不变的道理、普遍规律，固定使用一般现在时 ▲试题语篇时态整体使用规律 ①记叙文叙事基底（90%动词）：一般过去时 回忆类故事、人物对话转述、过去动作/状态/心理/被动事件，无特殊提示全部用一般过去时，是高考完形填空时态题第一考点。 ②过去持续动作专用：过去进行时 如搭配while，强调过去某一刻正在进行的动作，常考省略结构 while doing。 ③直接引语时态独立 引号内时态不受主句过去时限制：描述当下认知、客观道理用一般现在时。 ④文章首尾分层时态 中间叙事全为过去时；开头无特殊，结尾升华感悟用一般现在时、现在进行时表当下现状与长期趋势。 知识回顾 一、英语常用时态总览 时态 基本概念 核心谓语结构（以实义动词do为例） 一般现在时 表示经常性、习惯性动作/客观真理、状态 主语三单：does；其余人称：do 否定：don't/doesn't do 疑问：Do/Does + 主语 + do 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作/存在的状态 did 否定：didn't do 疑问：Did + 主语 + do 一般将来时 表示将来要发生的动作、计划、意愿 will do / be going to do 否定：won't do / be not going to do 现在进行时 此时此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 am/is/are + doing 过去进行时 过去某一时刻/时段正在进行的动作 was/were + doing 现在完成时 过去发生、持续到现在，或对现在造成影响 have/has + done 过去完成时 过去之前就已完成的动作（过去的过去） had + done 现在完成进行时 从过去开始，持续到现在、仍在进行的动作 have/has + been doing 二、八大时态的主要用法 （一）一般现在时 1.核心用法 经常性、习惯性动作、日常爱好； 客观真理、自然规律、永恒事实； 表示现阶段固定状态、身份、特征； 特殊考点：时间表、时刻表（列车、航班、节目）用一般现在时表将来 2.常用时间标志 often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, once a week, never, seldom 例句： He studies English every morning.（习惯性动作） 他每天早上学英语。 The earth goes around the sun.（客观真理） 地球绕着太阳转。 The train leaves at 8 o'clock.（时刻表表将来） 火车八点发车。 （二）一般过去时 1.核心用法 过去具体时间发生的一次性动作； 过去存在的状态、习惯（现已改变；） 2.常用时间标志 yesterday, last week, just now, ... ago, in 2020, at that time 例句： I met my friend on the street yesterday. 我昨天在街上遇见了我的朋友。 She lived in Beijing five years ago. 五年前她住在北京。 （三）一般将来时 1.两种结构区分（高考高频考点） will + 动词原形：临时决定、主观意愿、单纯预测； be going to + 动词原形：事先计划、安排；有迹象表明即将发生 2.常用时间标志 tomorrow, next week, soon, in + 时间段（多久以后） 例句： — The phone is ringing. — I will answer it.（临时决定） —电话响了。 —我来接。 We are going to have a picnic tomorrow.（计划安排） 我们明天打算去野餐。 Look! It is going to rain.（有迹象） 看！要下雨了。 注意：现在进行时（come/go/leave/fly）也可表将来： He is leaving for Shanghai tonight. 他今晚动身去上海。 （四）现在进行时 1.核心用法 此刻正在进行的动作； 现阶段一直在做（此刻不一定在做）； 与 always 连用：表赞扬、抱怨、厌烦等情绪 2.常用时间标志 now, look, listen, at present, these days 例句： Listen! Someone is singing in the room.（此刻进行） 听！有人在房间里唱歌。 He is writing a novel these days.（现阶段） 他这段时间在写小说。 You are always talking in class.（抱怨） 你总在课堂上讲话。 （五）过去进行时 1.核心用法 过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作； 过去某一段时间持续的动作； 固定句型：was/were doing when did（正在做…这时突然…） 2.常用时间标志 at 8 last night, at this time yesterday, then 例句： I was watching TV at nine last night. 昨晚九点我正在看电视。 She was reading a book when I came in. 我进来时，她正在看书。 （六）现在完成时（高考重难点） 1.核心含义：连接过去与现在，不强调过去时间，侧重现在结果/影响 2.三大用法 动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响； 动作从过去开始，持续到现在（可延续动词）； 经历、经验（“曾经做过”） 3.常用时间标志 already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, up to now, since, for + 时间段 关键区分：since / for for + 一段时间（持续多久） since + 时间点/一般过去时句子（自从…） 例句： I have finished my homework.（对现在有影响：作业写完了） 我已经做完作业了。 He has lived here for 10 years.（动作持续至今） 他在这里住了十年了。 I have never been to Japan.（经历） 我从没去过日本。 ▲易错点（必考）：短暂动词不能和 for/since 连用 He has left for two days.（错误） He left two days ago.（正确） He has been away for two days.（正确） 常见转换：leave → be away；buy → have；die → be dead；join → be in （七）过去完成时 1.核心概念：过去的过去 即动作发生在另一个过去动作之前，即“先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时”。 2.常用时间标志 by + 过去时间，before, when, after, by the end of last year 例句： By yesterday evening, I had learned 500 words. 到昨晚为止，我已经学了500个单词。 The train had left when I arrived at the station. 我到车站时，火车已经开走了。 （八）现在完成进行时 1.核心用法 动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并且仍在进行； 强调动作的持续性、反复性，常带有情绪色彩 2.结构：have/has been doing 例句： I have been waiting for you for an hour. 我已经等你一个小时了（现在还在等）。 She has been learning piano since she was five. 她从五岁开始就学钢琴（至今仍在学）。 ▲与现在完成时对比（易混考点） I have read the book.（已读完，强调结果） I have been reading the book.（还在读，强调过程/持续） 三、高考易混时态对比表 对比组合 区别要点 例句 一般过去时 VS 现在完成时 一般过去时：有具体过去时间，只讲过去 现在完成时：无具体过去时间，侧重现在影响 1. I saw him yesterday.（过去时，有yesterday） 2. I have seen him.（完成时，影响：见过了） 现在进行时 VS 一般现在时 进行时：此刻/现阶段动作 一般现在时：长期习惯、常态 1. He works hard.（一贯努力） 2. He is working hard today.（今天格外努力） 过去进行时 VS 一般过去时 过去进行时：过去正在做（长动作） 一般过去时：过去做完了（短动作） 1. I was cooking yesterday evening.（一直在做饭） 2. I cooked dinner yesterday.（做了晚饭） 时态解题通用技巧 找时间标志词：优先判断时态（最快解题法） 看动作先后：两个过去动作，先发生用过去完成时 看动作状态：持续进行 → 进行时；持续到现在 → 完成/完成进行时 看语境逻辑：客观真理永远用一般现在时；计划安排多用 be going to Group 2 英语的语态 真题分析 【2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷)，阅读理解B篇】（参见前文） 【要点分析】 语篇中的语态使用规律 1.被动语态的使用 原文句子 被动结构拆解 对应时态 主语特征 省略by短语原因 高考被动语态使用规律 The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. was（be动词）+ stolen（steal过去分词） 一般过去时被动 主语the dictionary（物品，无自主行为能力） 偷窃者是谁不清楚，动作执行者不重要，无需点明 1. 被动语态核心使用场景：事物作主语，是动作承受者；<br>2. 叙事类记叙文描述过去发生的意外、丢失、损坏事件，多用一般过去时被动：was/were + done；<br>3. 不知道执行者、执行者无关紧要时，省略by sb，是完形填空最高频考法 2.无被动语态对比总结 动词类型 原文例句 原因（无被动） 高考易错考点 不及物动词（无宾语） it occurred to me; happen; sigh; occur 无宾语，没有动作承受对象，不能用于被动语态 happen/occur/appear/arrive 永远无被动，选择题高频干扰项 表拥有、容纳的静态动词 the bookshelf that held three dictionaries; I had my first dictionary hold/have表拥有、容纳，只用主动表状态，无被动 不可说was held，直接用主动描述物品属性 心理、感官动词 I felt a pain; I decided; I wanted 主语是人，人主动产生心理/感官感受，只用主动 feel/want/realize/think 极少使用被动 固定句型专用主动 It took him a few tries… It takes sb time to do 固定只有主动结构，无被动变形 take表“花费”不用于被动 人作主语的行为动词 asked, looked, read, packed, learned 人是动作发出者，叙事优先主动语态 记叙文人物动作90%使用主动，被动多用于物品遭遇意外 ▲语篇的语态使用总结 1.主动语态（文本绝大多数动词，高考基础考点） 使用场景： ① 人作为主语，发出询问、阅读、书写、思考、感受、交谈等动作； ② hold、contain、occur、happen、take（花费）等不及物 / 静态动词，无被动语态，只能用主动； ③ 心理动词（want/decide/realize/feel）、感官动词，永远主动。 时态搭配：记叙文主线一般过去时主动；文末感悟用一般现在时、现在进行时主动。 2.被动语态（全文仅 1 处，高考高频难点） 触发条件：主语是物品 / 事物，不能主动完成动作，只能承受动作（本句字典 “被偷走”）；动作执行者未知、不重要，省略 by + 人。 结构公式：时态体现在 be 动词 + 实义动词过去分词 本文：一般过去时被动 → was/were + done 高考命题偏好 故事中物品丢失、损坏、制作、使用常考过去时被动；完形填空常区分主动 did 和被动 was done。 知识回顾 一、基本概念 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态、被动语态。 语态 核心含义 句式结构 使用场景 主动语态 主语是动作的发出者 主语 + 谓语（主动）+ 宾语 强调执行者，日常表达最常用 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 主语 + be + 过去分词(done) 1. 不知道动作执行者 2. 强调动作承受者 3. 正式文体、科技、新闻、公文 注意： 被动语态核心公式：be + 动词过去分词 (done) 时态、人称、单复数变化只改变 be 动词，过去分词永远不变。 二、八大时态对应的被动语态 1. 一般现在时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done 肯定：English is taught in our school. （我们学校教英语。） 否定：Rice isn't grown here. （这里不种水稻。） 疑问：Are the letters sent every day? （信件每天都寄出吗？） 2. 一般过去时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般过去时 was / were + done 肯定：The bridge was built in 1990. （这座桥建于1990年。） 否定：The tasks weren't finished yesterday. （昨天任务没完成。） 疑问：Was the house repaired last week? （房子上周修缮了吗？） 3. 一般将来时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般将来时 will be + done ； am/is/are going to be + done 肯定：A new hospital will be built soon. （很快会建一座新医院。） 否定：The plan won't be discussed tomorrow. （明天不讨论这个方案。） 疑问：Is the problem going to be solved? （这个问题会被解决吗？） 4. 过去将来时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去将来时 would be + done was/were going to be + done He said the work would be finished soon. （他说工作很快就会做完。） 5. 现在进行时 时态 被动结构 例句 现在进行时 am / is / are + being + done The classroom is being cleaned now. （教室此刻正在被打扫。） 易错点：必须加 being，不能漏掉。 6. 过去进行时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去进行时 was / were + being + done I saw that the wall was being painted. （我看见墙当时正在被粉刷。） 7. 现在完成时 时态 被动结构 例句 现在完成时 have / has + been + done All the papers have been handed in. （所有试卷都已经上交了。） 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, so far 8. 过去完成时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去完成时 had + been + done The letter had been sent before I arrived. （我到之前，信就已经寄出了。） 三、含情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词 + be + done 常用情态动词：can / may / must / should / need / will / would 用法 例句 can be done 能够被… The rules can be understood easily. （这些规则很容易被理解。） must be done 必须被… Your homework must be finished on time. （作业必须按时完成。） should be done 应该被… Old people should be respected. （老人应该被尊重。） need be done 需要被… The room needs to be cleaned. （房间需要打扫。） 四、特殊句式的被动语态（高考重难点） 1. 带双宾语动词的被动 常用动词：give, send, tell, show, teach, buy 主动：Sb + give + sb + sth 两种被动形式： 间接宾语作主语：She was given a book.（她得到了一本书。） 直接宾语作主语：A book was given to her. 2. 带复合宾语（宾补）的被动 主动：Sb + make / let / see / hear / watch + sb + 动词原形 被动：主语 + be + made/seen/heard + to do（必须加 to） 主动：We saw him go out. 被动：He was seen to go out.（易错考点：漏 to） 3. 短语动词的被动（介词/副词不可丢） 短语动词整体看作一个及物动词，介词/副词必须保留 look after 照顾 → The children are looked after well. take care of 照顾 → The old man is taken care of. listen to 听 → The song is listened to everywhere. 4. 主动形式表被动含义（必考易混点） 下列动词形式主动，含义被动，不用被动语态： 感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel The cloth feels soft. 这块布摸起来很柔软。（不说 is felt） 表示“畅销、耐磨、好写”：sell, wash, write, read, wear The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 want / need / require + doing（= to be done）表“需要被…” The bike needs repairing = The bike needs to be repaired. 5. 不及物动词无被动语态 不及物动词（无宾语）永远不能用于被动： happen, appear, disappear, rise, fall, arrive, come, go, occur, take place 错误：An accident was happened. 正确：An accident happened. 发生了一场事故。 基｜础｜练｜习 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to China’s cultural ambassadors, food, pandas and other symbols enjoy worldwide fame. However, the ancient art of embroidery (刺绣), as a national intangible 1 (culture) heritage, has a lower global profile. From March 5, an exhibition 2 (title) Suzhou Embroidery: The Awakening of a 1,000-Year Tradition was held in London, aiming to introduce this delicate art 3 a wider audience. Jointly presented by a Chinese publishing group and 4 (it) British partner, the show displayed 58 works by embroidery masters Yao Huifen, Yao Huiqin and contemporary artist Wu Jianan. These works, divided into three sections, combine traditional 5 (technique) with modern innovations, breaking old rules and regarding embroidery as independent art rather than just a skill. Yao, 6 has decades of experience and has exhibited globally, stressed that they inherit traditions while making great innovations. Wu noted that embroidery 7 (require) slow and calm creation, much like meditation (冥想), and he hoped the exhibition would enhance its global 8 (recognize). Yu Junyao, a young supporter, also highlighted the importance of protecting and promoting this heritage, 9 (view) it not only as China’s treasure but also as a common legacy of humanity. The exhibition serves as 10 window to help the world understand the charm of Suzhou embroidery and feel the beauty created by Chinese craftspeople. 二、根据上文试题语篇的内容，完成下列有关动词的时态与语态的使用分析。 原句 核心动词（含填空词） 动词类型 时态 语态 1 When it comes to China’s cultural ambassadors, food, pandas and other symbols enjoy worldwide fame. comes；enjoy 谓语动词 一般现在时 主动 2 However, the ancient art of embroidery…has a lower global profile. 3 From March 5, an exhibition titled Suzhou Embroidery: The Awakening of a 1,000-Year Tradition was held in London 4 …aiming to introduce this delicate art to a wider audience. 5 Jointly presented by a Chinese publishing group and its British partner, the show displayed 58 works… 6 These works…combine traditional techniques with modern innovations, breaking old rules and regarding embroidery as independent art… 7 Yao, who has decades of experience and has exhibited globally, stressed that they inherit traditions while making great innovations. 8 Wu noted that embroidery requires slow and calm creation… 9 …he hoped the exhibition would enhance its global recognition. 10 Yu Junyao…also highlighted the importance of protecting and promoting this heritage, viewing it not only as China’s treasure… 11 The exhibition serves as a window to help the world understand the charm of Suzhou embroidery and feel the beauty created by Chinese craftspeople. ◇Part 02 知识运用题型强化 一、阅读理解 1 “A hero is any person who is really keen on making the society a better place for all people.” Every time I read the quote, I always have the Australian micro-influencer Tennilles_deals in mind. Who exactly is Tennilles_deals? Firstly, she’s the Mother Teresa of Aussie supermarkets, committed and self-giving. Secondly, I don’t know anything about her personally because this content creator doesn’t market herself like average influencers. She lets her work speak for itself. The work in question? She posts weekly uploads of supermarket walk-through videos where she carefully goes through major supermarkets to show what’s on special that week. Her gentle voice and steady hand accompany you through a sea of yellow price tags which signal special promotions or deals. It’s detailed, thoughtful, and necessary work. Even today, I still remember how I used to eagerly wait for the catalogues (目录) from my favorite supermarkets every Monday. Nothing can outshine the feeling of a hard-to-find European snack or a new washing machine with a 75% discount. For me, browsing (浏览) a supermarket catalogue produces a pleasure: the anticipation of what could soon be yours. But the days of glancing through paper catalogues are over. That’s why Tennilles_deals is so important, giving us tight, three-minute videos that provide us with a 360-degree view of each product: a walking, talking catalogue. There’s a reason that Tennilles_deals has almost 100,000 followers. What Tennilles_deals is doing is building community. One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”, and my only way to give credit to her is via this public essay. 1．What distinguishes Tennilles_deals from typical influencers? A．Her unique marketing style. B．Her practical video content. C．Her focus on personal brand. D．Her choice of supermarkets. 2．What is the theme of Tennilles_deals’ videos? A．The operation of supermarkets. B．The presentation of new products. C．The display of discounted items. D．The exposure of product packaging. 3．Why does the author value Tennilles_deals’ videos? A．They teach useful video creating strategies. B．They provide new perspectives on the goods. C．They replace the need to visit physical stores. D．They bring back the joy of catalogue browsing. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A．To praise Tennilles_deals’ selfless contribution. B．To vote Tennilles_deals the Australian of the Year. C．To defend Tennilles_deals against online criticism. D．To show shift from paper catalogues to digital ones. 2 A 16-year-old Granite Bay High School student is spreading holiday cheer by helping make sure kids in the community don’t go without a present this Christmas. Livy Hickey, a responsible youth ambassador for Marine (海军) Toys for Tots (a charity program), is on a mission to make this holiday season brighter for children in need. Her journey with the nonprofit started when she was in eighth grade after she saw an activity for the organization, which has been providing holiday joy to families since 1947. “I love Christmas, it’s my favorite time of year, and I just value it so much,” said Livy, reflecting on her passion for the holiday season. Livy’s efforts didn’t go unnoticed. Matt Vidosh, the local organizer for Marine Toys for Tots, quickly recognized her potential (潜力). “She was so well-spoken, warm and friendly. I honestly thought she was already a junior or senior in high school. She acted older than she actually was,” Vidosh said. For Livy, the desire to give back has deep roots. “My grandpa was a Marine, so I wanted to honor his legacy (遗产). That’s really what inspired me to take part in the program,” she explained. She threw herself into the mission by buying toys, sorting them in the warehouse, and personally handing them out to families in need. Her hard work paid off when she was selected as one of just 35 student ambassadors nationwide for the program. In 2024, the local Toys for Tots collected over 28, 000 toys, reaching more than 12,000 kids. The program depends on the generosity of people like Livy, and they’re always looking for donations of new, unwrapped toys. “We’re always accepting new, unwrapped toys, and if you’re someone who loves to make toys at home, we’ll take those too. Every little bit helps,” Vidosh added. For Livy, the true reward (回报) comes when the kids open their gifts. “Seeing the smiles on the kids’ faces is priceless. It lights up their entire face. Honestly, it brightens my day and my whole year,” she said. 5．What impressed Matt Vidosh most about Livy Hickey at first? A．Her excellent qualities. B．Her school achievements. C．Her skills in collecting toys. D．Her strong interest in making gifts. 6．Why did Livy Hickey join Marine Toys for Tots? A．She wanted to get volunteer experience. B．Her grandfather’s background touched her. C．The local organizer personally invited her. D．She desired to share her favorite holiday joy. 7．What can we know from Livy’s words in the last paragraph? A．She hopes to get valuable rewards. B．The program helps kids build confidence. C．The joy of helping others is lasting. D．She expects more teens to join the program. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Donate Toys to Children B．Marine Toys for Tots: A Care Program C．A Teenage Volunteer’s Holiday Journey D．Spreading Holiday Joy: A Teen’s Mission 3 Money and the Meaning of Life is not a typical personal finance book. Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save, but as a mirror that reflects who we really are. The book grew out of a course Needleman taught, where he noticed how deeply money shapes people’s emotions and decisions. To make his ideas easy to understand, Needleman creates two fictional characters based on the rich exchanges with his students: Bill, a millionaire who has everything except happiness, and Alyssa, an artist who becomes an accountant (会计) to feel safe but loses her passion along the way. Their stories help readers see that money cannot buy self-understanding, love, or true friendship. As Needleman writes, expecting money to give your life meaning is like expecting a hammer (锤子) to build a house by itself — it is just a tool. Some readers might find this book a bit challenging because it asks deep questions rather than giving simple answers. However, for high school students, especially freshmen, it is a great introduction to thinking critically (批判性地) about money and values. You do not need to be a philosophy expert to enjoy it. The language is clear, and the examples come from everyday life. What makes this book especially valuable for young readers is that it speaks directly to teenagers and young adults, who are just starting to form their views on money and success. Needleman reminds us that it’s important to use money wisely, not to waste it on unnecessary things, but also not to let the fear of being poor or the desire for wealth control our decisions. He encourages readers to ask themselves: What do I really want from life? How can money help me achieve that, rather than become a problem? I highly recommend this book to every high school student who wants to gain a clear understanding of money’s role in life and avoid falling into the trap of blind materialism. It is a valuable guide that will benefit us for a lifetime. 9．What can we learn about Bill and Alyssa? A．They show a common job mistake. B．They’re created based on real experience. C．They prove artists earn less money. D．They are skilled at managing finance. 10．What does the hammer example imply? A．Tools are useless without workers. B．Building houses requires teamwork. C．It’s challenging to use money wisely. D．Money alone cannot create meaningful life. 11．What does the author suggest about teenagers? A．They easily fall into materialism. B．They lack interest in philosophy. C．They are forming their sense of values. D．They should ignore the impact of wealth. 12．What type of writing is this text? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A personal diary. D．A research paper. 4 A new study shows that vitamin D might help people age more slowly. Scientists found that vitamin D may protect telomeres. Telomeres are parts at the end of our DNA that get shorter as we get older. 13 The study used data from a larger project called the VITAL trial. In this study, over 1,000 adults were followed for five years. The results showed that vitamin D helped slow the shortening of telomeres. 14 Experts say these results are interesting, but they want more research. 15 It can help keep bones strong, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease. But too much vitamin D can cause health problems, like high calcium levels or kidney issues. To get vitamin D, people can spend time in the sun, take supplements, or eat certain foods. These include fatty fish like salmon and tuna, egg yolks, and vitamin D-fortified milk. 16 Doctors say it’s best to check your vitamin D level before taking supplements. 17 Good sleep, exercise, a healthy diet, and not smoking are still the best ways to stay young and healthy. A．When do we need vitamin D? B．Vitamin D has other known health benefits. C．Some mushrooms and cheese also contain small amounts. D．However, omega-3 did not show any effect on telomere length. E．When they get too short, they can cause health problems like cancer. F．This may mean that vitamin D slows biological aging by about three years. G．In healthy people with normal levels, extra vitamin D might not be helpful. 附加题：阅读理解试题中被动结构使用分析 语篇 原句 使用规律分析 阅读理解1 One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”. 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 阅读理解2 She was selected as one of just 35 student ambassadors nationwide for the program. 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 阅读理解3 Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save... 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 二、完形填空 I was heading home when a display in a shop window caught my eye. Upon closer 18 , I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle (拼图游戏) and the shop was full of such puzzles. When I stepped inside, I found my mind kept 19 back to my childhood. Long ago, well before the 20 of cellphones and video games, on long summer days my sisters and I would spend the afternoons 21 jigsaw puzzles of colorful waterfalls and other natural 22 . Many decades later, as I 23 shelf after shelf of puzzles, I wondered: Could fitting them together today be as 24 as in bygone years? Indeed, the two puzzles I purchased were just as fun as those of the past and I found the skills I had 25 over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles now and 26 the deep value of this pastime. I knew I would need an eagle’s eye for different color matches and distinguishing details in 27 of just the right piece. And when the puzzles seemed extremely 28 , I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece that had long 29 me. Among the valuable lessons that these puzzles offer is that 30 and willpower are enhanced. But what is most beneficial is how we look for answers or clues, working tirelessly to find the 31 fit. It’s an approach that pays off when meeting any 32 that life presents. 18．A．connection B．location C．inspection D．comparison 19．A．thinking B．dating C．pacing D．flashing 20．A．operation B．appearance C．growth D．decline 21．A．finding B．watching C．solving D．building 22．A．responses B．wonders C．resources D．disasters 23．A．glanced through B．stormed into C．checked out D．went after 24．A．tough B．shocking C．incredible D．exciting 25．A．ignored B．forgotten C．acquired D．needed 26．A．appreciate B．explain C．predict D．share 27．A．favor B．search C．possession D．charge 28．A．odd B．vibrant C．difficult D．flexible 29．A．surprised B．amused C．confused D．escaped 30．A．integrity B．patience C．curiosity D．ambition 31．A．typical B．distinct C．significant D．perfect 32．A．challenge B．prospect C．amazement D．clue 附加题：完形填空语篇时态使用分析 原句 考查时态 动词形态与时态使用规律分析 1 I was heading home when a display in a shop window caught my eye. 过去进行时+一般过去时（when经典句型） 动词形态：was heading（过去进行时谓语）；caught（一般过去时谓语） 使用分析：固定句型sb. was/were doing sth. when sth. did sth.，表示“某人过去正在做某事，这时突然发生了另一件突发动作”。延续性动作用过去进行时（回家是持续动作），短暂突发动作用一般过去时（橱窗展品吸引目光是瞬间动作），是完形和语法填空超高频时态句型。 2 Upon closer inspection, I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle and the shop was full of such puzzles. 动词形态： 使用分析： 3 When I stepped inside, I found my mind kept flashing back to my childhood. 动词形态： 使用分析： 4 my sisters and I would spend the afternoons solving jigsaw puzzles of colorful waterfalls and other natural wonders. 动词形态： 使用分析： 5 Many decades later, as I glanced through shelf after shelf of puzzles, I wondered: Could fitting them together today be as exciting as in bygone years? 动词形态： 使用分析： 6 I found the skills I had acquired over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles now and appreciate the deep value of this pastime. 动词形态： 使用分析： 7 And when the puzzles seemed extremely difficult, I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece that had long escaped me. 动词形态： 使用分析： 8 Among the valuable lessons that these puzzles offer is that patience and willpower are enhanced. 动词形态： 使用分析： 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 20th China Wuqiao International Circus Festival was held in Wuqiao County, Hebei Province — 33 historic birthplace of Chinese acrobatics (杂技). The festival, first 34 (establish) in 1987, is recognized as one of the world’s top three circus competitions, alongside those in Monte-Carlo and Paris. This year’s celebration attracted great performers from 19 countries and regions, who presented 28 amazing acts 35 mixed artistry, strength, and innovation. In Wuqiao, acrobatics has long been more than entertainment — it is a cultural identity. 36 (generation) of performers have traveled the world, spreading Chinese artistry and 37 (exchange) ideas with performers from other countries. Beyond its artistic value, the festival has become an 38 (influence) force in boosting local development. Wuqiao Acrobatics World, a large cultural park, now attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year. The park recreates ancient performance scenes, employs over 300 staff, and 39 (support) nearly 10,000 jobs in tourism and related industries. The county’s acrobatic school 40 (train) more than 1,000 students from over 30 nations since 2002. “Acrobatics is an international language that connects people 41 (genuine) through creativity and courage,” said Maria Teresa, a festival judge. True 42 its name — Wuqiao, meaning “bridge” — this small county continues to link cultures, proving that artistry can bring people together. 四、写作 43．假定你是李华，原定本周五下午3点在校图书馆门口与交换生朋友Tom见面，一起为校英语报的“校园文化”栏目拍摄照片。但你因临时接到班级紧急会议通知，无法按时赴约。请给Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．表达歉意； 2．说明原因； 3．提出补救方案。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年高考英语一轮复习能力突破（结构化知识+题型提升练） 专题06 动词的时态与语态 目录 第一部分 必备知识结构化清单 梳理必备的语言知识点，夯实语言基础能力 第二部分 知识运用题型强化练 必备知识与能力提升练，提升语言运用能力 ◇Part 01 必备知识结构化清单 知｜识｜清｜单 Group 1 英语的时态 真题分析 【2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷)，阅读理解B篇】Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed (叹气) dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. It took him a few tries to find the word in question. While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” I smiled. “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. “But that’s why this is one of my favorite books.” I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. I felt a small pain in my chest. The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college, even without the book. And it wasn’t, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 25. How did Kevin feel while looking up the word in the dictionary? A. Annoyed. B. Disappointed. C. Encouraged. D. Astonished. 26. What can we learn about the author’s first dictionary? A. It helped her through college. B. It was given to Kevin as a gift. C. It bore witness to her efforts. D. It was a valuable limited edition. 27. What has the author come to realize about learning? A. It is never too late to start. B. Motivation is what really matters. C. Children need role models. D. Dictionaries are still a useful tool. （答案：24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B） 【要点分析】 时态运用特点简析 原文节选 核心谓语动词 时态类型 时态判定依据 高考阅读语篇时态使用规律 1 Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. asked 一般过去时 时间标志词：Not long ago（不久前），全文为回忆类记叙文，整体叙事背景为过去 1. 记叙文讲述过去发生的故事，主线叙事动词统一用一般过去时，是高考阅读、完形最高频时态；<br>2. 有明确过去时间状语（long ago/yesterday/then等），动作一律用一般过去时 2 “Look it up,” I responded. responded 一般过去时 母子对话发生在过去，主句转述对话动作为过去动作 人物间对话的“说、答、问”等转述动词（say/ask/reply/respond），均用一般过去时；引号内直接引语时态独立，不受主句影响 3 “But my screen time is off,” he said. said 一般过去时 说话这个行为发生在过去 同上，转述对话的谓语动词固定一般过去时；引号内is为直接引语内部一般现在时 4 I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed dramatically. looked、held、sighed 一般过去时 连续发生的过去连贯动作，书架摆放字典是当时客观状态 多个先后发生、并列的过去动作，用and连接，全部使用一般过去时 5 “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. asked 一般过去时 提问动作发生在当日过去场景 询问、感叹类转述动词统一一般过去时 6 Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. occurred、did not know 一般过去时 it occurred to sb that 固定过去句型；孩子“不认识字典”是当时持续状态 过去瞬间想到某事、过去长期存在的状态，均用一般过去时 7 I took down one of the dictionaries, and we read it together for a few minutes before I handed it to him. took down、read、handed 一般过去时 一连串先后完成的过去动作，before连接先后时序 有before/after表过去动作先后，主句、从句动词都用一般过去时 8 It took him a few tries to find the word in question. took 一般过去时 句型It took sb +时间 to do，描述过去花费时间 描述过去做某事耗费时长，固定用一般过去时take 9 While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” kept saying（完整结构：he was going through） 过去进行时 时间连词While（当……时），强调翻阅书页过程中持续说话 高考高频考点：while引导从句，强调过去某一时间段持续进行的动作，用过去进行时；常省略主语+be动词（while doing） 10 After a while, he looked at me and asked, “Do you know all these words, Mom?” looked、asked 一般过去时 过去先后动作；引号内Do you know为直接引语一般现在时 叙事主线动词不变，直接引语描述当下提问，用一般现在时 11 “I definitely do not know all these words,” I said. said 一般过去时 转述说话动作；引语内do not know一般现在时 转述动词统一过去，引语表达当下认知用现在时 12 I had my first dictionary as a gift for my 13th birthday. had 一般过去时 13岁生日是过去时间点，拥有字典是过去状态 回忆人生过往经历、过去拥有的物品，用一般过去时 13 I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I looked up with a pencil to measure my progress. decided、wanted、started、looked up 一般过去时 一连串过去心理、行为动作 过去一系列心理活动（decide/want）、行为动作并列，全部一般过去时 14 I continued to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. continued、went off、packed 一般过去时 for years表过去持续多年的行为；上大学、收拾行李为过去动作 过去持续多年的习惯性行为，不用过去完成时，直接用一般过去时 15 Kevin wanted to see the dictionary. wanted 一般过去时 儿子当时的想法，过去心理状态 过去瞬时/长期心理感受（want/feel/think）用一般过去时 16 I felt a small pain in my chest. felt 一般过去时 当时内心感受，过去感官状态 感官动词feel/smell/see描述过去感受，一般过去时 17 The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. was stolen 一般过去时（被动语态） 字典“被偷”发生在大一结束（过去时间） 过去发生的被动事件，时态仍为一般过去时，仅增加被动结构，高考完形常考过去时被动 18 “That’s so sad,” he said, “but you still know all those words, even without the book.” said 一般过去时；引语内is、know一般现在时 说话动作发生在过去，引语表达当下观点 转述动词过去时，引语客观评价、现有认知用一般现在时 19 I realized that this was true. I still made it through the next three years of college. realized、was、made 一般过去时 当时意识到、大学后续三年的经历，均为过去 过去产生的认知、后续过去时间段的经历，统一一般过去时 20 Now I understand that although my son may be learning differently, he is still learning. understand、may be learning、is learning 一般现在时、现在进行时 时间标志Now，文章结尾跳出回忆，抒发当下感悟 1. 文末总结人生道理、作者当下想法，用一般现在时；<br>2. may be learning / is learning 现在进行时表现阶段持续发生的动作，是高考阅读理解高频考点 21 It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. is、learn 一般现在时 全文升华的客观哲理 阐述恒久不变的道理、普遍规律，固定使用一般现在时 ▲试题语篇时态整体使用规律 ①记叙文叙事基底（90%动词）：一般过去时 回忆类故事、人物对话转述、过去动作/状态/心理/被动事件，无特殊提示全部用一般过去时，是高考完形填空时态题第一考点。 ②过去持续动作专用：过去进行时 如搭配while，强调过去某一刻正在进行的动作，常考省略结构 while doing。 ③直接引语时态独立 引号内时态不受主句过去时限制：描述当下认知、客观道理用一般现在时。 ④文章首尾分层时态 中间叙事全为过去时；开头无特殊，结尾升华感悟用一般现在时、现在进行时表当下现状与长期趋势。 知识回顾 一、英语常用时态总览 时态 基本概念 核心谓语结构（以实义动词do为例） 一般现在时 表示经常性、习惯性动作/客观真理、状态 主语三单：does；其余人称：do 否定：don't/doesn't do 疑问：Do/Does + 主语 + do 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作/存在的状态 did 否定：didn't do 疑问：Did + 主语 + do 一般将来时 表示将来要发生的动作、计划、意愿 will do / be going to do 否定：won't do / be not going to do 现在进行时 此时此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 am/is/are + doing 过去进行时 过去某一时刻/时段正在进行的动作 was/were + doing 现在完成时 过去发生、持续到现在，或对现在造成影响 have/has + done 过去完成时 过去之前就已完成的动作（过去的过去） had + done 现在完成进行时 从过去开始，持续到现在、仍在进行的动作 have/has + been doing 二、八大时态的主要用法 （一）一般现在时 1.核心用法 经常性、习惯性动作、日常爱好； 客观真理、自然规律、永恒事实； 表示现阶段固定状态、身份、特征； 特殊考点：时间表、时刻表（列车、航班、节目）用一般现在时表将来 2.常用时间标志 often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, once a week, never, seldom 例句： He studies English every morning.（习惯性动作） 他每天早上学英语。 The earth goes around the sun.（客观真理） 地球绕着太阳转。 The train leaves at 8 o'clock.（时刻表表将来） 火车八点发车。 （二）一般过去时 1.核心用法 过去具体时间发生的一次性动作； 过去存在的状态、习惯（现已改变；） 2.常用时间标志 yesterday, last week, just now, ... ago, in 2020, at that time 例句： I met my friend on the street yesterday. 我昨天在街上遇见了我的朋友。 She lived in Beijing five years ago. 五年前她住在北京。 （三）一般将来时 1.两种结构区分（高考高频考点） will + 动词原形：临时决定、主观意愿、单纯预测； be going to + 动词原形：事先计划、安排；有迹象表明即将发生 2.常用时间标志 tomorrow, next week, soon, in + 时间段（多久以后） 例句： — The phone is ringing. — I will answer it.（临时决定） —电话响了。 —我来接。 We are going to have a picnic tomorrow.（计划安排） 我们明天打算去野餐。 Look! It is going to rain.（有迹象） 看！要下雨了。 注意：现在进行时（come/go/leave/fly）也可表将来： He is leaving for Shanghai tonight. 他今晚动身去上海。 （四）现在进行时 1.核心用法 此刻正在进行的动作； 现阶段一直在做（此刻不一定在做）； 与 always 连用：表赞扬、抱怨、厌烦等情绪 2.常用时间标志 now, look, listen, at present, these days 例句： Listen! Someone is singing in the room.（此刻进行） 听！有人在房间里唱歌。 He is writing a novel these days.（现阶段） 他这段时间在写小说。 You are always talking in class.（抱怨） 你总在课堂上讲话。 （五）过去进行时 1.核心用法 过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作； 过去某一段时间持续的动作； 固定句型：was/were doing when did（正在做…这时突然…） 2.常用时间标志 at 8 last night, at this time yesterday, then 例句： I was watching TV at nine last night. 昨晚九点我正在看电视。 She was reading a book when I came in. 我进来时，她正在看书。 （六）现在完成时（高考重难点） 1.核心含义：连接过去与现在，不强调过去时间，侧重现在结果/影响 2.三大用法 动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响； 动作从过去开始，持续到现在（可延续动词）； 经历、经验（“曾经做过”） 3.常用时间标志 already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, up to now, since, for + 时间段 关键区分：since / for for + 一段时间（持续多久） since + 时间点/一般过去时句子（自从…） 例句： I have finished my homework.（对现在有影响：作业写完了） 我已经做完作业了。 He has lived here for 10 years.（动作持续至今） 他在这里住了十年了。 I have never been to Japan.（经历） 我从没去过日本。 ▲易错点（必考）：短暂动词不能和 for/since 连用 He has left for two days.（错误） He left two days ago.（正确） He has been away for two days.（正确） 常见转换：leave → be away；buy → have；die → be dead；join → be in （七）过去完成时 1.核心概念：过去的过去 即动作发生在另一个过去动作之前，即“先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时”。 2.常用时间标志 by + 过去时间，before, when, after, by the end of last year 例句： By yesterday evening, I had learned 500 words. 到昨晚为止，我已经学了500个单词。 The train had left when I arrived at the station. 我到车站时，火车已经开走了。 （八）现在完成进行时 1.核心用法 动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并且仍在进行； 强调动作的持续性、反复性，常带有情绪色彩 2.结构：have/has been doing 例句： I have been waiting for you for an hour. 我已经等你一个小时了（现在还在等）。 She has been learning piano since she was five. 她从五岁开始就学钢琴（至今仍在学）。 ▲与现在完成时对比（易混考点） I have read the book.（已读完，强调结果） I have been reading the book.（还在读，强调过程/持续） 三、高考易混时态对比表 对比组合 区别要点 例句 一般过去时 VS 现在完成时 一般过去时：有具体过去时间，只讲过去 现在完成时：无具体过去时间，侧重现在影响 1. I saw him yesterday.（过去时，有yesterday） 2. I have seen him.（完成时，影响：见过了） 现在进行时 VS 一般现在时 进行时：此刻/现阶段动作 一般现在时：长期习惯、常态 1. He works hard.（一贯努力） 2. He is working hard today.（今天格外努力） 过去进行时 VS 一般过去时 过去进行时：过去正在做（长动作） 一般过去时：过去做完了（短动作） 1. I was cooking yesterday evening.（一直在做饭） 2. I cooked dinner yesterday.（做了晚饭） 时态解题通用技巧 找时间标志词：优先判断时态（最快解题法） 看动作先后：两个过去动作，先发生用过去完成时 看动作状态：持续进行 → 进行时；持续到现在 → 完成/完成进行时 看语境逻辑：客观真理永远用一般现在时；计划安排多用 be going to Group 2 英语的语态 真题分析 【2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷)，阅读理解B篇】（参见前文） 【要点分析】 语篇中的语态使用规律 1.被动语态的使用 原文句子 被动结构拆解 对应时态 主语特征 省略by短语原因 高考被动语态使用规律 The dictionary was stolen at the end of my freshman year of college. was（be动词）+ stolen（steal过去分词） 一般过去时被动 主语the dictionary（物品，无自主行为能力） 偷窃者是谁不清楚，动作执行者不重要，无需点明 1. 被动语态核心使用场景：事物作主语，是动作承受者；<br>2. 叙事类记叙文描述过去发生的意外、丢失、损坏事件，多用一般过去时被动：was/were + done；<br>3. 不知道执行者、执行者无关紧要时，省略by sb，是完形填空最高频考法 2.无被动语态对比总结 动词类型 原文例句 原因（无被动） 高考易错考点 不及物动词（无宾语） it occurred to me; happen; sigh; occur 无宾语，没有动作承受对象，不能用于被动语态 happen/occur/appear/arrive 永远无被动，选择题高频干扰项 表拥有、容纳的静态动词 the bookshelf that held three dictionaries; I had my first dictionary hold/have表拥有、容纳，只用主动表状态，无被动 不可说was held，直接用主动描述物品属性 心理、感官动词 I felt a pain; I decided; I wanted 主语是人，人主动产生心理/感官感受，只用主动 feel/want/realize/think 极少使用被动 固定句型专用主动 It took him a few tries… It takes sb time to do 固定只有主动结构，无被动变形 take表“花费”不用于被动 人作主语的行为动词 asked, looked, read, packed, learned 人是动作发出者，叙事优先主动语态 记叙文人物动作90%使用主动，被动多用于物品遭遇意外 ▲语篇的语态使用总结 1.主动语态（文本绝大多数动词，高考基础考点） 使用场景： ① 人作为主语，发出询问、阅读、书写、思考、感受、交谈等动作； ② hold、contain、occur、happen、take（花费）等不及物 / 静态动词，无被动语态，只能用主动； ③ 心理动词（want/decide/realize/feel）、感官动词，永远主动。 时态搭配：记叙文主线一般过去时主动；文末感悟用一般现在时、现在进行时主动。 2.被动语态（全文仅 1 处，高考高频难点） 触发条件：主语是物品 / 事物，不能主动完成动作，只能承受动作（本句字典 “被偷走”）；动作执行者未知、不重要，省略 by + 人。 结构公式：时态体现在 be 动词 + 实义动词过去分词 本文：一般过去时被动 → was/were + done 高考命题偏好 故事中物品丢失、损坏、制作、使用常考过去时被动；完形填空常区分主动 did 和被动 was done。 知识回顾 一、基本概念 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态、被动语态。 语态 核心含义 句式结构 使用场景 主动语态 主语是动作的发出者 主语 + 谓语（主动）+ 宾语 强调执行者，日常表达最常用 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者 主语 + be + 过去分词(done) 1. 不知道动作执行者 2. 强调动作承受者 3. 正式文体、科技、新闻、公文 注意： 被动语态核心公式：be + 动词过去分词 (done) 时态、人称、单复数变化只改变 be 动词，过去分词永远不变。 二、八大时态对应的被动语态 1. 一般现在时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done 肯定：English is taught in our school. （我们学校教英语。） 否定：Rice isn't grown here. （这里不种水稻。） 疑问：Are the letters sent every day? （信件每天都寄出吗？） 2. 一般过去时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般过去时 was / were + done 肯定：The bridge was built in 1990. （这座桥建于1990年。） 否定：The tasks weren't finished yesterday. （昨天任务没完成。） 疑问：Was the house repaired last week? （房子上周修缮了吗？） 3. 一般将来时 时态 被动结构 肯定/否定/疑问例句 一般将来时 will be + done ； am/is/are going to be + done 肯定：A new hospital will be built soon. （很快会建一座新医院。） 否定：The plan won't be discussed tomorrow. （明天不讨论这个方案。） 疑问：Is the problem going to be solved? （这个问题会被解决吗？） 4. 过去将来时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去将来时 would be + done was/were going to be + done He said the work would be finished soon. （他说工作很快就会做完。） 5. 现在进行时 时态 被动结构 例句 现在进行时 am / is / are + being + done The classroom is being cleaned now. （教室此刻正在被打扫。） 易错点：必须加 being，不能漏掉。 6. 过去进行时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去进行时 was / were + being + done I saw that the wall was being painted. （我看见墙当时正在被粉刷。） 7. 现在完成时 时态 被动结构 例句 现在完成时 have / has + been + done All the papers have been handed in. （所有试卷都已经上交了。） 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, so far 8. 过去完成时 时态 被动结构 例句 过去完成时 had + been + done The letter had been sent before I arrived. （我到之前，信就已经寄出了。） 三、含情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词 + be + done 常用情态动词：can / may / must / should / need / will / would 用法 例句 can be done 能够被… The rules can be understood easily. （这些规则很容易被理解。） must be done 必须被… Your homework must be finished on time. （作业必须按时完成。） should be done 应该被… Old people should be respected. （老人应该被尊重。） need be done 需要被… The room needs to be cleaned. （房间需要打扫。） 四、特殊句式的被动语态（高考重难点） 1. 带双宾语动词的被动 常用动词：give, send, tell, show, teach, buy 主动：Sb + give + sb + sth 两种被动形式： 间接宾语作主语：She was given a book.（她得到了一本书。） 直接宾语作主语：A book was given to her. 2. 带复合宾语（宾补）的被动 主动：Sb + make / let / see / hear / watch + sb + 动词原形 被动：主语 + be + made/seen/heard + to do（必须加 to） 主动：We saw him go out. 被动：He was seen to go out.（易错考点：漏 to） 3. 短语动词的被动（介词/副词不可丢） 短语动词整体看作一个及物动词，介词/副词必须保留 look after 照顾 → The children are looked after well. take care of 照顾 → The old man is taken care of. listen to 听 → The song is listened to everywhere. 4. 主动形式表被动含义（必考易混点） 下列动词形式主动，含义被动，不用被动语态： 感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel The cloth feels soft. 这块布摸起来很柔软。（不说 is felt） 表示“畅销、耐磨、好写”：sell, wash, write, read, wear The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 want / need / require + doing（= to be done）表“需要被…” The bike needs repairing = The bike needs to be repaired. 5. 不及物动词无被动语态 不及物动词（无宾语）永远不能用于被动： happen, appear, disappear, rise, fall, arrive, come, go, occur, take place 错误：An accident was happened. 正确：An accident happened. 发生了一场事故。 基｜础｜练｜习 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to China’s cultural ambassadors, food, pandas and other symbols enjoy worldwide fame. However, the ancient art of embroidery (刺绣), as a national intangible 1 (culture) heritage, has a lower global profile. From March 5, an exhibition 2 (title) Suzhou Embroidery: The Awakening of a 1,000-Year Tradition was held in London, aiming to introduce this delicate art 3 a wider audience. Jointly presented by a Chinese publishing group and 4 (it) British partner, the show displayed 58 works by embroidery masters Yao Huifen, Yao Huiqin and contemporary artist Wu Jianan. These works, divided into three sections, combine traditional 5 (technique) with modern innovations, breaking old rules and regarding embroidery as independent art rather than just a skill. Yao, 6 has decades of experience and has exhibited globally, stressed that they inherit traditions while making great innovations. Wu noted that embroidery 7 (require) slow and calm creation, much like meditation (冥想), and he hoped the exhibition would enhance its global 8 (recognize). Yu Junyao, a young supporter, also highlighted the importance of protecting and promoting this heritage, 9 (view) it not only as China’s treasure but also as a common legacy of humanity. The exhibition serves as 10 window to help the world understand the charm of Suzhou embroidery and feel the beauty created by Chinese craftspeople. 【答案】1．cultural 2．titled 3．to 4．its 5．techniques 6．who 7．requires 8．recognition 9．viewing 10．a 【解析】这篇文章主要报道了苏绣作为非遗国际知名度偏低，伦敦举办相关展览展出诸多佳作。作品融合传统技艺与现代创意，此次展览也助力苏绣走向世界，弘扬传统工艺之美。 1．考查形容词。句意：说到中国的文化使者，美食、熊猫以及其他一些象征符号在全世界都享有盛誉，然而历史悠久且作为国家级非物质文化遗产的古老刺绣艺术，其在全球的知名度却较低。修饰名词heritage需要用形容词cultural “文化的”。固定搭配intangible cultural heritage意为“非物质文化遗产”。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：自3月5日起，在伦敦举办了一场名为《苏绣：千年传统的觉醒》的展览，旨在向更广泛的受众介绍这种精致的艺术。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰exhibition，exhibition和title“给……命名”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 3．考查固定短语。句意：自3月5日起，在伦敦举办了一场名为《苏绣：千年传统的觉醒》的展览，旨在向更广泛的受众介绍这种精致的艺术。此处为固定搭配introduce sth. to sb.，意为“把某物介绍给某人”。 4．考查代词。句意：该展览由一家中国出版集团及其英国合作伙伴联合举办，展示了刺绣大师姚惠芬、姚慧琴以及当代艺术家邬建安的 58 件作品。修饰名词partner（合作伙伴）需要用形容词性物主代词its。 5．考查名词复数形式。句意：这些作品分为三个部分，将传统技法与现代创新相结合，打破了旧有的规则，将刺绣视为独立的艺术形式而非仅仅是一种技能。technique“技艺”是可数名词，此处指多种传统技艺，且与后面的复数名词innovations并列，故用复数形式。 6．考查定语从句。句意：有着数十年经验并曾在全球展出的姚惠芬强调，他们既传承传统又进行重大创新。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Yao（指人），且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：邬建安指出，刺绣需要缓慢而平静的创作过程，就像冥想一样，他希望这次展览能提高刺绣在全球的知名度。宾语从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语embroidery“刺绣”是单数概念，故谓语动词require“需要”用第三人称单数形式requires。 8．考查名词。句意：邬建安指出，刺绣需要缓慢而平静的创作过程，就像冥想一样，他希望这次展览能提高刺绣在全球的认可度。作动词enhance的宾语，用名词recognition“承认，认可”。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：俞君瑶是一位年轻的爱好者，她也强调了保护和弘扬这一遗产的重要性，她认为它不仅是中国的瑰宝，也是全人类共同的遗产。句子谓语动词为highlighted，此处为非谓语动词，view“认为”与其逻辑主语Yu Junyao之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。 10．考查冠词。句意：此次展览为世人打开了一扇了解苏州刺绣魅力、感受中国工匠所创造之美的窗口。此处表示“一扇窗户”，是泛指概念；window以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 二、根据上文试题语篇的内容，完成下列有关动词的时态与语态的使用分析。 原句 核心动词（含填空词） 动词类型 时态 语态 1 When it comes to China’s cultural ambassadors, food, pandas and other symbols enjoy worldwide fame. comes；enjoy 谓语动词 一般现在时 主动 2 However, the ancient art of embroidery…has a lower global profile. 3 From March 5, an exhibition titled Suzhou Embroidery: The Awakening of a 1,000-Year Tradition was held in London 4 …aiming to introduce this delicate art to a wider audience. 5 Jointly presented by a Chinese publishing group and its British partner, the show displayed 58 works… 6 These works…combine traditional techniques with modern innovations, breaking old rules and regarding embroidery as independent art… 7 Yao, who has decades of experience and has exhibited globally, stressed that they inherit traditions while making great innovations. 8 Wu noted that embroidery requires slow and calm creation… 9 …he hoped the exhibition would enhance its global recognition. 10 Yu Junyao…also highlighted the importance of protecting and promoting this heritage, viewing it not only as China’s treasure… 11 The exhibition serves as a window to help the world understand the charm of Suzhou embroidery and feel the beauty created by Chinese craftspeople. 【答案与解析】 原句 核心动词（含填空词） 动词类型 时态 语态 解析 1 When it comes to China’s cultural ambassadors, food, pandas and other symbols enjoy worldwide fame. comes；enjoy 谓语动词 一般现在时 主动 1. When it comes to 固定句式，客观常识用一般现在时； 2. 主语为复数名词（food, pandas…），表客观事实、固有属性，主动语态，谓语动词原形 2 However, the ancient art of embroidery…has a lower global profile. has 谓语动词 一般现在时 主动 主语art为单数，介绍刺绣客观现状，表拥有、存在，一般现在时主动 3 From March 5, an exhibition titled Suzhou Embroidery: The Awakening of a 1,000-Year Tradition was held in London titled；was held 1.titled：非谓语（过去分词） 2.was held：谓语动词 一般过去时（谓语） 1.titled：被动含义 2.was held：被动语态 1. exhibition与title是“展览被命名”，过去分词作后置定语，表被动完成； 2. 展览举办是过去发生的一次性事件，主语exhibition是动作承受者，一般过去时被动：was/were done 4 …aiming to introduce this delicate art to a wider audience. aiming 非谓语（现在分词） 无（非谓语） 主动 主句主语exhibition和aim是主动关系（展会旨在…），现在分词作伴随状语，表主动、同时发生 5 Jointly presented by a Chinese publishing group and its British partner, the show displayed 58 works… presented；displayed 1.presented：非谓语过去分词 2.displayed：谓语动词 一般过去时（谓语） 1.presented：被动 2.displayed：主动 1. show与present“展会被联合展出”，过去分词作状语表被动； 2. 全篇描述伦敦过往展览，过去发生动作，主语show主动展出展品，一般过去时主动 6 These works…combine traditional techniques with modern innovations, breaking old rules and regarding embroidery as independent art… combine；breaking；regarding 1.combine：谓语动词 2.breaking/regarding：现在分词非谓语 一般现在时 1.combine：主动 2.breaking/regarding：主动 1. 介绍刺绣作品本身固有特点，客观属性用一般现在时主动； 2. 分词作伴随状语，主语works主动做出“打破、视作”动作，现在分词表主动伴随 7 Yao, who has decades of experience and has exhibited globally, stressed that they inherit traditions while making great innovations. has；has exhibited；stressed；inherit；making 1.has/has exhibited：定语从句谓语 2.stressed：主句谓语 3.inherit：宾语从句谓语 4.making：非谓语现在分词 1.现在完成时(has exhibited) 2.一般过去时(stressed) 3.一般现在时(inherit) 全部主动 1. has decades of experience：表长期拥有，一般现在时；has exhibited：从过去持续到现在的经历，现在完成时主动； 2. stressed：姚慧芬过去接受采访发言，一次性过去动作，一般过去时主动； 3. inherit：阐述刺绣创作一贯理念，客观真理，从句用一般现在时； 4. while making=while they are making，省略主语，主动用现在分词 8 Wu noted that embroidery requires slow and calm creation… noted；requires 1.noted：主句谓语 2.requires：宾语从句谓语 1.一般过去时(noted) 2.一般现在时(requires) 全部主动 1. noted：吴建安当时发表观点，过去动作，一般过去时； 2. require描述刺绣固有创作要求，恒定客观特点，从句用一般现在时，主语单数三单变形 9 …he hoped the exhibition would enhance its global recognition. hoped；would enhance 1.hoped：主句谓语 2.would enhance：宾语从句谓语 1.一般过去时(hoped) 2.过去将来时(would do) 全部主动 1. hoped为过去心理动作； 2. 主句过去时，从句表“当时眼中未来会发生”，用would+动词原形（过去将来时） 10 Yu Junyao…also highlighted the importance of protecting and promoting this heritage, viewing it not only as China’s treasure… highlighted；protecting；promoting；viewing 1.highlighted：谓语动词 2.protecting/promoting/viewing：动名词/现在分词 一般过去时(highlighted) 全部主动 1. highlighted：青年参观者当时表达看法，过去动作，一般过去时主动； 2. of介词后接动名词protecting/promoting；主语Yu主动产生“认为”的伴随动作，viewing现在分词作状语 11 The exhibition serves as a window to help the world understand the charm of Suzhou embroidery and feel the beauty created by Chinese craftspeople. serves；help；understand；feel；created 1.serves：谓语动词 2.help/understand/feel：不定式 3.created：过去分词非谓语 一般现在时(serves) 1.serves：主动 2.created：被动 1. 总结展览长期具备的作用，客观价值，一般现在时主动； 2. to do不定式作目的状语，help后省to； 3. beauty与create“美被工匠创造”，过去分词后置定语表被动 ◇Part 02 知识运用题型强化 一、阅读理解 1 “A hero is any person who is really keen on making the society a better place for all people.” Every time I read the quote, I always have the Australian micro-influencer Tennilles_deals in mind. Who exactly is Tennilles_deals? Firstly, she’s the Mother Teresa of Aussie supermarkets, committed and self-giving. Secondly, I don’t know anything about her personally because this content creator doesn’t market herself like average influencers. She lets her work speak for itself. The work in question? She posts weekly uploads of supermarket walk-through videos where she carefully goes through major supermarkets to show what’s on special that week. Her gentle voice and steady hand accompany you through a sea of yellow price tags which signal special promotions or deals. It’s detailed, thoughtful, and necessary work. Even today, I still remember how I used to eagerly wait for the catalogues (目录) from my favorite supermarkets every Monday. Nothing can outshine the feeling of a hard-to-find European snack or a new washing machine with a 75% discount. For me, browsing (浏览) a supermarket catalogue produces a pleasure: the anticipation of what could soon be yours. But the days of glancing through paper catalogues are over. That’s why Tennilles_deals is so important, giving us tight, three-minute videos that provide us with a 360-degree view of each product: a walking, talking catalogue. There’s a reason that Tennilles_deals has almost 100,000 followers. What Tennilles_deals is doing is building community. One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”, and my only way to give credit to her is via this public essay. 1．What distinguishes Tennilles_deals from typical influencers? A．Her unique marketing style. B．Her practical video content. C．Her focus on personal brand. D．Her choice of supermarkets. 2．What is the theme of Tennilles_deals’ videos? A．The operation of supermarkets. B．The presentation of new products. C．The display of discounted items. D．The exposure of product packaging. 3．Why does the author value Tennilles_deals’ videos? A．They teach useful video creating strategies. B．They provide new perspectives on the goods. C．They replace the need to visit physical stores. D．They bring back the joy of catalogue browsing. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text? A．To praise Tennilles_deals’ selfless contribution. B．To vote Tennilles_deals the Australian of the Year. C．To defend Tennilles_deals against online criticism. D．To show shift from paper catalogues to digital ones. 2 A 16-year-old Granite Bay High School student is spreading holiday cheer by helping make sure kids in the community don’t go without a present this Christmas. Livy Hickey, a responsible youth ambassador for Marine (海军) Toys for Tots (a charity program), is on a mission to make this holiday season brighter for children in need. Her journey with the nonprofit started when she was in eighth grade after she saw an activity for the organization, which has been providing holiday joy to families since 1947. “I love Christmas, it’s my favorite time of year, and I just value it so much,” said Livy, reflecting on her passion for the holiday season. Livy’s efforts didn’t go unnoticed. Matt Vidosh, the local organizer for Marine Toys for Tots, quickly recognized her potential (潜力). “She was so well-spoken, warm and friendly. I honestly thought she was already a junior or senior in high school. She acted older than she actually was,” Vidosh said. For Livy, the desire to give back has deep roots. “My grandpa was a Marine, so I wanted to honor his legacy (遗产). That’s really what inspired me to take part in the program,” she explained. She threw herself into the mission by buying toys, sorting them in the warehouse, and personally handing them out to families in need. Her hard work paid off when she was selected as one of just 35 student ambassadors nationwide for the program. In 2024, the local Toys for Tots collected over 28, 000 toys, reaching more than 12,000 kids. The program depends on the generosity of people like Livy, and they’re always looking for donations of new, unwrapped toys. “We’re always accepting new, unwrapped toys, and if you’re someone who loves to make toys at home, we’ll take those too. Every little bit helps,” Vidosh added. For Livy, the true reward (回报) comes when the kids open their gifts. “Seeing the smiles on the kids’ faces is priceless. It lights up their entire face. Honestly, it brightens my day and my whole year,” she said. 5．What impressed Matt Vidosh most about Livy Hickey at first? A．Her excellent qualities. B．Her school achievements. C．Her skills in collecting toys. D．Her strong interest in making gifts. 6．Why did Livy Hickey join Marine Toys for Tots? A．She wanted to get volunteer experience. B．Her grandfather’s background touched her. C．The local organizer personally invited her. D．She desired to share her favorite holiday joy. 7．What can we know from Livy’s words in the last paragraph? A．She hopes to get valuable rewards. B．The program helps kids build confidence. C．The joy of helping others is lasting. D．She expects more teens to join the program. 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Donate Toys to Children B．Marine Toys for Tots: A Care Program C．A Teenage Volunteer’s Holiday Journey D．Spreading Holiday Joy: A Teen’s Mission 3 Money and the Meaning of Life is not a typical personal finance book. Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save, but as a mirror that reflects who we really are. The book grew out of a course Needleman taught, where he noticed how deeply money shapes people’s emotions and decisions. To make his ideas easy to understand, Needleman creates two fictional characters based on the rich exchanges with his students: Bill, a millionaire who has everything except happiness, and Alyssa, an artist who becomes an accountant (会计) to feel safe but loses her passion along the way. Their stories help readers see that money cannot buy self-understanding, love, or true friendship. As Needleman writes, expecting money to give your life meaning is like expecting a hammer (锤子) to build a house by itself — it is just a tool. Some readers might find this book a bit challenging because it asks deep questions rather than giving simple answers. However, for high school students, especially freshmen, it is a great introduction to thinking critically (批判性地) about money and values. You do not need to be a philosophy expert to enjoy it. The language is clear, and the examples come from everyday life. What makes this book especially valuable for young readers is that it speaks directly to teenagers and young adults, who are just starting to form their views on money and success. Needleman reminds us that it’s important to use money wisely, not to waste it on unnecessary things, but also not to let the fear of being poor or the desire for wealth control our decisions. He encourages readers to ask themselves: What do I really want from life? How can money help me achieve that, rather than become a problem? I highly recommend this book to every high school student who wants to gain a clear understanding of money’s role in life and avoid falling into the trap of blind materialism. It is a valuable guide that will benefit us for a lifetime. 9．What can we learn about Bill and Alyssa? A．They show a common job mistake. B．They’re created based on real experience. C．They prove artists earn less money. D．They are skilled at managing finance. 10．What does the hammer example imply? A．Tools are useless without workers. B．Building houses requires teamwork. C．It’s challenging to use money wisely. D．Money alone cannot create meaningful life. 11．What does the author suggest about teenagers? A．They easily fall into materialism. B．They lack interest in philosophy. C．They are forming their sense of values. D．They should ignore the impact of wealth. 12．What type of writing is this text? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A personal diary. D．A research paper. 4 A new study shows that vitamin D might help people age more slowly. Scientists found that vitamin D may protect telomeres. Telomeres are parts at the end of our DNA that get shorter as we get older. 13 The study used data from a larger project called the VITAL trial. In this study, over 1,000 adults were followed for five years. The results showed that vitamin D helped slow the shortening of telomeres. 14 Experts say these results are interesting, but they want more research. 15 It can help keep bones strong, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease. But too much vitamin D can cause health problems, like high calcium levels or kidney issues. To get vitamin D, people can spend time in the sun, take supplements, or eat certain foods. These include fatty fish like salmon and tuna, egg yolks, and vitamin D-fortified milk. 16 Doctors say it’s best to check your vitamin D level before taking supplements. 17 Good sleep, exercise, a healthy diet, and not smoking are still the best ways to stay young and healthy. A．When do we need vitamin D? B．Vitamin D has other known health benefits. C．Some mushrooms and cheese also contain small amounts. D．However, omega-3 did not show any effect on telomere length. E．When they get too short, they can cause health problems like cancer. F．This may mean that vitamin D slows biological aging by about three years. G．In healthy people with normal levels, extra vitamin D might not be helpful. 附加题：阅读理解试题中被动结构使用分析 语篇 原句 使用规律分析 阅读理解1 One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”. 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 阅读理解2 She was selected as one of just 35 student ambassadors nationwide for the program. 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 阅读理解3 Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save... 1. 句式结构： 2. 动词搭配： 3. 使用场景： 二、完形填空 I was heading home when a display in a shop window caught my eye. Upon closer 18 , I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle (拼图游戏) and the shop was full of such puzzles. When I stepped inside, I found my mind kept 19 back to my childhood. Long ago, well before the 20 of cellphones and video games, on long summer days my sisters and I would spend the afternoons 21 jigsaw puzzles of colorful waterfalls and other natural 22 . Many decades later, as I 23 shelf after shelf of puzzles, I wondered: Could fitting them together today be as 24 as in bygone years? Indeed, the two puzzles I purchased were just as fun as those of the past and I found the skills I had 25 over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles now and 26 the deep value of this pastime. I knew I would need an eagle’s eye for different color matches and distinguishing details in 27 of just the right piece. And when the puzzles seemed extremely 28 , I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece that had long 29 me. Among the valuable lessons that these puzzles offer is that 30 and willpower are enhanced. But what is most beneficial is how we look for answers or clues, working tirelessly to find the 31 fit. It’s an approach that pays off when meeting any 32 that life presents. 18．A．connection B．location C．inspection D．comparison 19．A．thinking B．dating C．pacing D．flashing 20．A．operation B．appearance C．growth D．decline 21．A．finding B．watching C．solving D．building 22．A．responses B．wonders C．resources D．disasters 23．A．glanced through B．stormed into C．checked out D．went after 24．A．tough B．shocking C．incredible D．exciting 25．A．ignored B．forgotten C．acquired D．needed 26．A．appreciate B．explain C．predict D．share 27．A．favor B．search C．possession D．charge 28．A．odd B．vibrant C．difficult D．flexible 29．A．surprised B．amused C．confused D．escaped 30．A．integrity B．patience C．curiosity D．ambition 31．A．typical B．distinct C．significant D．perfect 32．A．challenge B．prospect C．amazement D．clue 附加题：完形填空语篇时态使用分析 原句 考查时态 动词形态与时态使用规律分析 1 I was heading home when a display in a shop window caught my eye. 过去进行时+一般过去时（when经典句型） 动词形态：was heading（过去进行时谓语）；caught（一般过去时谓语） 使用分析：固定句型sb. was/were doing sth. when sth. did sth.，表示“某人过去正在做某事，这时突然发生了另一件突发动作”。延续性动作用过去进行时（回家是持续动作），短暂突发动作用一般过去时（橱窗展品吸引目光是瞬间动作），是完形和语法填空超高频时态句型。 2 Upon closer inspection, I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle and the shop was full of such puzzles. 动词形态： 使用分析： 3 When I stepped inside, I found my mind kept flashing back to my childhood. 动词形态： 使用分析： 4 my sisters and I would spend the afternoons solving jigsaw puzzles of colorful waterfalls and other natural wonders. 动词形态： 使用分析： 5 Many decades later, as I glanced through shelf after shelf of puzzles, I wondered: Could fitting them together today be as exciting as in bygone years? 动词形态： 使用分析： 6 I found the skills I had acquired over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles now and appreciate the deep value of this pastime. 动词形态： 使用分析： 7 And when the puzzles seemed extremely difficult, I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece that had long escaped me. 动词形态： 使用分析： 8 Among the valuable lessons that these puzzles offer is that patience and willpower are enhanced. 动词形态： 使用分析： 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 20th China Wuqiao International Circus Festival was held in Wuqiao County, Hebei Province — 33 historic birthplace of Chinese acrobatics (杂技). The festival, first 34 (establish) in 1987, is recognized as one of the world’s top three circus competitions, alongside those in Monte-Carlo and Paris. This year’s celebration attracted great performers from 19 countries and regions, who presented 28 amazing acts 35 mixed artistry, strength, and innovation. In Wuqiao, acrobatics has long been more than entertainment — it is a cultural identity. 36 (generation) of performers have traveled the world, spreading Chinese artistry and 37 (exchange) ideas with performers from other countries. Beyond its artistic value, the festival has become an 38 (influence) force in boosting local development. Wuqiao Acrobatics World, a large cultural park, now attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year. The park recreates ancient performance scenes, employs over 300 staff, and 39 (support) nearly 10,000 jobs in tourism and related industries. The county’s acrobatic school 40 (train) more than 1,000 students from over 30 nations since 2002. “Acrobatics is an international language that connects people 41 (genuine) through creativity and courage,” said Maria Teresa, a festival judge. True 42 its name — Wuqiao, meaning “bridge” — this small county continues to link cultures, proving that artistry can bring people together. 四、写作 43．假定你是李华，原定本周五下午3点在校图书馆门口与交换生朋友Tom见面，一起为校英语报的“校园文化”栏目拍摄照片。但你因临时接到班级紧急会议通知，无法按时赴约。请给Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．表达歉意； 2．说明原因； 3．提出补救方案。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 参考答案 一、 1 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【解析】文章讲述了一名叫做Tennilles_deals的澳大利亚网红博主在网络上分享逛超市的视频，视频中博主无私展示了超市中打折的商品，让观看者得到实惠的帮助，同时也享受观看的快乐。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Secondly, I don’t know anything about her personally because this content creator doesn’t market herself like average influencers.(其次，我对她的个人生活一无所知，因为这位内容创作者不像普通网红那样营销自己。)”以及第三段中“She posts weekly uploads of supermarket walk-through videos where she carefully goes through major supermarkets to show what’s on special that week.(她每周发布超市逛店视频，仔细走遍各大超市，展示当周的特价商品。)”可知，她不靠自我营销，只发布实用的超市优惠视频，和普通网红的区别是视频内容很实用。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She posts weekly uploads of supermarket walk-through videos where she carefully goes through major supermarkets to show what’s on special that week.(她每周发布超市逛店视频，仔细走遍各大超市，展示当周的特价商品。)”可知，她的视频主题是展示打折商品。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“For me, browsing (浏览) a supermarket catalogue produces a pleasure: the anticipation of what could soon be yours. But the days of glancing through paper catalogues are over. That’s why Tennilles_deals is so important, giving us tight, three-minute videos that provide us with a 360-degree view of each product: a walking, talking catalogue.(对我来说，浏览超市目录会产生一种愉悦感：期待即将属于你的东西。但翻阅纸质目录的日子已经结束了。这就是为什么Tennilles_deals如此重要，她用紧凑的三分钟视频为我们提供每个产品的360度视角：一个会行走、会说话的目录。)”可知，作者看重她的视频是因为它们带回了浏览目录的乐趣。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A hero is any person who is really keen on making the society a better place for all people.(英雄是任何真正热衷于让社会对所有人变得更美好的人。)”以及最后一段中“One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”, and my only way to give credit to her is via this public essay.(一位粉丝评论说她应该被授予“年度澳大利亚人”称号，而我唯一能向她表达敬意的方式就是通过这篇公开文章。)”可知，作者写此文是为了赞扬Tennilles_deals无私的奉献。 2 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 【解析】本文描述了16岁少女Livy受当过海军的祖父影响，投身圣诞玩具公益项目，采购整理玩具、帮扶贫困孩童，在孩子们的笑容里收获助人的快乐。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She was so well-spoken, warm and friendly. I honestly thought she was already a junior or senior in high school. She acted older than she actually was,(她谈吐得体、待人热忱友善，我原本以为她已经是高中高年级学生，心智远比实际年龄成熟，)”可知， Livy优秀的个人品质给Matt Vidosh留下深刻印象。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My grandpa was a Marine, so I wanted to honor his legacy (遗产). That’s really what inspired me to take part in the program,(我的祖父曾是海军陆战队队员，我想要传承他的精神，这是我参与项目的真正动因，)”可知，祖父的从军经历打动了她，促使她加入该公益项目。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Seeing the smiles on the kids’ faces is priceless. It lights up their entire face. Honestly, it brightens my day and my whole year,(看见孩子们的笑容弥足珍贵，这份快乐不仅点亮孩子，也让我一整年都心情愉悦，)”可知，助人带来的快乐绵长持久。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A 16-year-old Granite Bay High School student is spreading holiday cheer by helping make sure kids in the community don’t go without a present this Christmas.(一名16岁高中生传递节日暖意，确保贫困孩子圣诞节能收到礼物。)” 并结合全文可知，文章讲述少女Livy Hickey以公益为使命、散播节日欢乐的故事。所以D项“Spreading Holiday Joy: A Teen’s Mission(传递节日暖意：一名少年的暖心行动)”符合文意。 3 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 【解析】本文是一篇书评，介绍了一本另类理财书籍。作者借虚构人物与比喻阐明金钱只是工具，建议青少年树立正确金钱观，理性看待财富。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“To make his ideas easy to understand, Needleman creates two fictional characters based on the rich exchanges with his students: Bill, a millionaire who has everything except happiness, and Alyssa, an artist who becomes an accountant (会计) to feel safe but loses her passion along the way.(为了使自己的观点易于理解，尼德尔曼根据与学生们的深入交流，创造出了两个虚构人物：比尔是一位拥有一切却缺少幸福的百万富翁；艾莉莎则是一位艺术家，为了感到安全而转行成为了一名会计，但在这过程中她也失去了自己的热情)”可知，比尔和艾莉莎是基于真实经历创作出来的。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段“As Needleman writes, expecting money to give your life meaning is like expecting a hammer (锤子) to build a house by itself — it is just a tool.(正如尼德尔曼所言，指望金钱能赋予你的生活以意义，就好比指望一把锤子能够独自建成房屋——它不过是一种工具而已)”可知，锤子的例子意味着单靠金钱无法创造有意义的人生。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“What makes this book especially valuable for young readers is that it speaks directly to teenagers and young adults, who are just starting to form their views on money and success.(这本书对于青少年读者而言尤其具有价值，原因在于它能够直接与那些刚刚开始思考金钱与成功问题的青少年及年轻人进行交流)”可知，作者提出青少年正在形成自己的价值观。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Money and the Meaning of Life is not a typical personal finance book. Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save, but as a mirror that reflects who we really are.(《金钱与生命的意义》并非一本常见的个人理财书籍。该书由旧金山州立大学的哲学教授雅各布·尼德尔曼所著，它引导读者不要将金钱视为需要消费或储蓄的东西，而应将其视为一面镜子，能反映出我们真实的自我)”以及文章介绍了一本另类理财书籍。作者借虚构人物与比喻阐明金钱只是工具，建议青少年树立正确金钱观，理性看待财富。可知，这篇文章属于书评。 4 13．E 14．F 15．B 16．C 17．G 【解析】文章围绕“维生素D与延缓衰老的关联”这一研究成果展开，先通过新研究引出维生素D保护端粒、延缓衰老的结论，再逐步介绍维生素D的其他健康作用、获取方式及补充注意事项。 13．空格前“Telomeres are parts at the end of our DNA that get shorter as we get older.(端粒是我们DNA末端的部分，会随着年龄增长而变短。)”介绍了端粒的定义及其随年龄增长的变化。E选项“When they get too short, they can cause health problems like cancer.(当端粒变得太短时，它们会引发癌症等健康问题。)”中的“they”指代前文的“Telomeres”，既承接了前文“端粒变短”的事实，又进一步解释了端粒过短的危害，为后文“维生素D保护端粒”的研究意义做了铺垫，完美衔接上下文逻辑。 14．空格前“The results showed that vitamin D helped slow the shortening of telomeres.(研究结果表明，维生素D有助于减缓端粒的缩短。)”公布了维生素D对端粒的作用。F选项“This may mean that vitamin D slows biological aging by about three years.(这可能意味着维生素D能将生物学衰老进程延缓约三年。)”中的“This”指代前文“维生素D减缓端粒缩短”的研究结果，将科学发现转化为更直观的“延缓衰老”结论，呼应了文章开头“维生素D可能帮助人们更慢地衰老”的主题，同时引出后文专家对研究结果的看法，逻辑连贯。 15．空格后“It can help keep bones strong, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease.(它有助于保持骨骼强壮、降低血压，还能降低患糖尿病和心脏病的风险。)”列举了维生素D的多项健康益处。B选项“Vitamin D has other known health benefits.(维生素D还有其他已知的健康益处。)”中的“other known health benefits”正好引出后文的具体益处，作为段落主旨句统领全段内容，与前文“延缓端粒缩短”的益处形成并列关系，丰富了维生素D的作用维度，衔接自然。 16．空格前“These include fatty fish like salmon and tuna, egg yolks, and vitamin D-fortified milk.(这些食物包括三文鱼、金枪鱼等富含脂肪的鱼类、蛋黄和维生素D强化牛奶。)”列举了富含维生素D的食物。C选项“Some mushrooms and cheese also contain small amounts.(一些蘑菇和奶酪也含有少量维生素D。)”中的“also”承接前文的食物列表，补充了蘑菇和奶酪这两类食物，使食物举例更全面，符合段落“获取维生素D的饮食途径”的主题，逻辑顺畅。 17．空格前“Doctors say it’s best to check your vitamin D level before taking supplements.(医生表示，在服用补充剂之前最好先检查你的维生素D水平。)”给出了服用维生素D补充剂的建议。空格后“Good sleep, exercise, a healthy diet, and not smoking are still the best ways to stay young and healthy.(良好的睡眠、运动、健康的饮食和不吸烟仍然是保持年轻健康的最佳方式。)”强调了健康生活方式的重要性。G选项“In healthy people with normal levels, extra vitamin D might not be helpful.(对于维生素D水平正常的健康人来说，额外补充维生素D可能没有帮助。)”承接前文“检查维生素D水平”的建议，进一步说明“正常水平无需额外补充”的观点，同时与后文“健康生活方式才是最佳方式”形成呼应，强调了理性补充维生素D的重要性，完美收尾。 附加题：阅读理解试题中被动结构使用分析 语篇 原句 使用规律分析 阅读理解1（网红博主介绍） One fan comments that she should have been awarded “the Australian of the Year”. 1. 句式结构：情态动词should + have been + 过去分词，属于情态动词完成被动式； 2. 动词搭配：award为及物动词，含义为“授予奖项”，主语she是动作的承受者，表达“本应该被授予奖项”，暗含说话人对博主的认可、惋惜情绪； 3. 使用场景：用于人物评价类记叙文，表达对人物的主观评价与虚拟语气含义，描述本该发生但未发生的被动动作。 阅读理解2（青少年志愿者） She was selected as one of just 35 student ambassadors nationwide for the program. 1. 句式结构：一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词； 2. 动词搭配：select及物动词，意为“挑选、选拔”，主语she是选拔动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，有明确的事件先后语境； 3. 使用规律：记叙文中描述过去发生的客观事件、人物经历，侧重客观陈述事实，不强调动作执行者，直接省略by+执行者； 阅读理解3（书评：金钱与人生） Written by Jacob Needleman, a philosophy professor at San Francisco State University, it invites readers to look at money not as something to spend or save... 1. 句式结构：过去分词作状语（省略被动结构），完整形式为As it is written by...，状语从句中主从句主语一致，且从句含be动词，直接省略主语和be动词； 2. 动词使用规律：write为不规则动词，过去分词written；书籍、文章类文本常用被动语态，因为书籍是被作者撰写，客观介绍书籍属性； 3. 语篇特点：说明文/书评高频省略被动，精简句式，避免句式冗余，是书面高级被动用法。 二、 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者在商店橱窗里看到拼图后，回忆起童年玩拼图的经历，并从中领悟到人生道理。 18．考查名词。句意：走近仔细检查后，我意识到那是一个拼图游戏，而且这家商店摆满了这样的拼图。A. connection联系；B. location位置；C. inspection检查；D. comparison比较。根据上文“a display in a shop window caught my eye”和下文“I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle”可知，作者先是注意到橱窗里的陈列品，然后需要走近并“仔细检查”才能确认那是一个拼图，closer inspection 意为“仔细检查/近距离观察”。 19．考查动词。句意：当我走进去时，我发现我的思绪不停地闪回到童年。A. thinking思考；B. dating约会，追溯；C. pacing踱步；D. flashing闪现，闪回。根据下文“back to my childhood”可知，作者的思绪回到了童年。flashing back为固定搭配，意为“闪回、突然回想起”，表示记忆或思绪突然回到过去。 20．考查名词。句意：很久以前，早在手机和电子游戏出现之前，在漫长的夏日里，我和姐妹们会花下午的时间拼彩色瀑布和其他自然奇观的拼图。A. operation操作，运行；B. appearance出现；C. growth成长；D. decline衰退。根据下文“of cellphones and video games”和语境“Long ago, well before”可知，此处指在手机和电子游戏“出现”之前。 21．考查动词。句意：很久以前，早在手机和电子游戏出现之前，在漫长的夏日里，我和姐妹们会花下午的时间拼彩色瀑布和其他自然奇观的拼图。A. finding寻找；B. watching观看；C. solving解决，拼解；D. building建造。根据上文“jigsaw puzzles”可知，玩拼图常用的动词是solving（拼解，解谜），solve jigsaw puzzles为固定搭配，意为“拼拼图”。 22．考查名词。句意：很久以前，早在手机和电子游戏出现之前，在漫长的夏日里，我和姐妹们会花下午的时间拼彩色瀑布和其他自然奇观的拼图。A. responses回应；B. wonders奇观；C. resources资源；D. disasters灾难。根据上文“colorful waterfalls”可知，瀑布属于自然景观，与之并列的应是其他“自然奇观”，natural wonders意为“自然奇观”。 23．考查动词短语。句意：许多年后，当我浏览了一排又一排的拼图时，我想知道：今天把它们拼在一起还会像过去一样令人兴奋吗？A. glanced through浏览；B. stormed into闯入；C. checked out结账，查看；D. went after追求。根据下文“shelf after shelf of puzzles”可知，作者在店里“浏览”了一排又一排的拼图，glanced through意为“快速浏览、扫视”，符合语境。 24．考查形容词。句意： 许多年后，当我浏览了一排又一排的拼图时，我想知道：今天把它们拼在一起还会像过去一样令人兴奋吗？A. tough艰难的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文“the two puzzles I purchased were just as fun as those of the past”可知，作者想知道拼图是否还和过去一样“令人兴奋”。 25．考查动词。句意：事实上，我购买的两个拼图和过去的那些一样有趣，而且我发现我在这几十年里获得的技能让我现在能更好地完成拼图，并欣赏这种消遣方式的深层价值。A. ignored忽视；B. forgotten忘记；C. acquired获得；D. needed需要。根据下文“over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles”可知，这些技能是作者在过去几十年中“获得”的。 26．考查动词。句意：事实上，我购买的两个拼图和过去的那些一样有趣，而且我发现我在这几十年里获得的技能让我现在能更好地完成拼图，并欣赏这种消遣方式的深层价值。A. appreciate欣赏，理解；B. explain解释；C. predict预测；D. share分享。根据下文“the deep value of this pastime”可知，作者通过拼图能够“欣赏”这种娱乐活动的深层价值。 27．考查名词 句意：我知道我需要敏锐的眼力来匹配不同的颜色，以及在寻找合适的拼图块时辨别图像中的细节。A. favor喜爱，支持；B. search搜索，寻找；C. possession拥有；D. charge费用，负责。根据下文“of just the right piece”可知，作者需要敏锐的眼力来“寻找”合适的拼图块，in search of 意为“寻找”。 28．考查形容词。句意：当拼图看起来极其困难时，我就休息一下，精神焕发地回来，很快就找到了那块一直让我找不到的拼图块。A. odd奇怪的；B. vibrant充满活力的；C. difficult困难的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“I simply took a break”可知，作者是因为拼图“困难”而感到需要休息，休息后回来就找到了之前缺失的那块。 29．考查动词。句意：当拼图看起来极其困难时，我就休息一下，精神焕发地回来，很快就找到了那块一直让我找不到的拼图块。A. surprised使惊讶；B. amused使发笑；C. confused使困惑；D. escaped逃脱，被遗忘。根据上文“quickly found the piece that had long”可知，那块拼图之前一直“逃脱了”作者的寻找，escape 在此处意为“（从记忆中）溜走、被忽略、未被注意到”，表示作者一直找不到那块拼图。 30．考查名词。句意：这些拼图所提供的宝贵教训之一是，耐心和意志力得到了增强。A. integrity完整性，诚实；B. patience耐心；C. curiosity好奇心；D. ambition野心。根据上文“I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece”可知，与willpower并列，用“耐心”，即拼图需要坚持和耐心。 31．考查形容词。句意：但最有益的是我们如何寻找答案或线索，不知疲倦地努力寻找最完美的契合。A. typical典型的；B. distinct不同的；C. significant重要的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“finding the right pieces”和拼图最终目标是拼合完整可知，作者寻找的是“完美的”契合。 32．考查名词。句意：这是一种在应对生活中出现的任何挑战时都会得到回报的方法。A. challenge挑战；B. prospect前景；C. amazement惊奇；D. clue线索。根据全文主旨（拼图教会我们如何面对困难）可知，这种方法在面对生活中的任何“挑战”时都会奏效。 附加题：完形填空语篇时态使用分析 原句 考查时态 动词形态与时态使用规律分析 1 I was heading home when a display in a shop window caught my eye. 过去进行时+一般过去时（when经典句型） 动词形态：was heading（过去进行时谓语）；caught（一般过去时谓语） 使用分析：固定句型sb. was/were doing sth. when sth. did sth.，表示“某人过去正在做某事，这时突然发生了另一件突发动作”。延续性动作用过去进行时（回家是持续动作），短暂突发动作用一般过去时（橱窗展品吸引目光是瞬间动作），是完形和语法填空超高频时态句型。 2 Upon closer inspection, I realized it was a jigsaw puzzle and the shop was full of such puzzles. 一般过去时（宾语从句主过从过） 动词形态：realized（主句一般过去时）；was/was（从句一般过去时） 使用分析：宾语从句遵循主过从必过原则。主句谓语realized为一般过去时，从句客观事实不受客观真理影响，从句谓语统一改为一般过去时，不使用一般现在时。 3 When I stepped inside, I found my mind kept flashing back to my childhood. 一般过去时+非谓语动词固定搭配 动词形态：stepped/found/kept（全部一般过去时）；flashing（非谓语动名词） 使用分析：全文叙事背景为过去，所有主句谓语动词统一用一般过去时；同时固定搭配keep doing sth.（一直做某事），无论主句时态如何，keep后永久接动名词作宾语，属于时态语境下的非谓语固定考点。 4 my sisters and I would spend the afternoons solving jigsaw puzzles of colorful waterfalls and other natural wonders. would+动词原形（描述过去习惯性动作） 动词形态：would spend（过去习惯性动作谓语） 使用分析：would+动词原形，专门用来描述过去反复、习惯性的动作，常搭配过去时间状语（long ago, in the past等）；区别于used to do，would侧重过去具体重复的动作，本句侧重童年夏日每天下午拼拼图的固定习惯。 5 Many decades later, as I glanced through shelf after shelf of puzzles, I wondered: Could fitting them together today be as exciting as in bygone years? 一般过去时（过去伴随动作叙事） 动词形态：glanced through/wondered（一般过去时）；could（can的过去式，过去语境下情态动词时态倒退） 使用分析：as引导时间状语从句，主从句动作同步发生，均为过去发生的动作，主从句谓语统一使用一般过去时；一般现在时情态动词can，在过去叙事语境中需改为过去式could。 6 I found the skills I had acquired over the decades prepared me to better complete the puzzles now and appreciate the deep value of this pastime. 过去完成时（过去的过去） 动词形态：found/prepared（一般过去时，过去基准时间）；had acquired（过去完成时） 使用分析：过去完成时核心逻辑：动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。“习得拼图技巧”发生在“发现技巧有用、准备好拼拼图”之前，属于过去的过去，因此用had+过去分词结构。 7 And when the puzzles seemed extremely difficult, I simply took a break, returned refreshed, and quickly found the piece that had long escaped me. 过去完成时（定语从句时态倒退） 动词形态：seemed/took/returned/found（一般过去时，过去基准动作）；had escaped（过去完成时） 使用分析：定语从句中，先行词对应的动作“一直找不到拼图碎片”，发生在主句动作“找到碎片”之前，存在明显先后顺序，从句动词使用过去完成时，体现动作先后层级。 8 Among the valuable lessons that these puzzles offer is that patience and willpower are enhanced. 一般现在时（客观真理/客观事实，打破主过从过） 动词形态：offer/are enhanced（一般现在时） 使用分析：整篇文章为过去叙事，但该从句讲述客观人生道理、永恒不变的事实，不受全文过去时态影响，依旧使用一般现在时，是时态考点中的特殊例外规则。 三、 33．the 34．established 35．that/which 36．Generations 37．exchanging 38．influential 39．supports 40．has trained 41．genuinely 42．to 【解析】文章介绍第二十届吴桥国际杂技节，讲述其价值及对当地文旅与文化交流的推动作用。 33．考查冠词。句意：第二十届中国吴桥国际杂技艺术节在河北省吴桥县举办，这里是中国杂技历史发源地。此处特指中国杂技唯一的发源地，用定冠词the。故填the。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：该艺术节于1987年首次创办，与蒙特卡洛、巴黎马戏节并称世界三大顶级马戏赛事。主句已有谓语动词is recognized，establish与其逻辑主语festival为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 35．考查定语从句。句意：今年的庆典吸引了来自19个国家和地区的优秀表演者，他们呈现了28场融合了艺术技巧、力量和创新的精彩表演。本空引导定语从句，先行词为acts，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。 36．考查名词复数。句意：一代又一代表演者走遍世界各地，传播中国艺术。generations of为固定搭配，表示“一代又一代的”，句首单词首字母大写。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：一代又一代表演者走遍世界各地，传播中国艺术，与各国表演者交流理念。根据and及spreading可知，本空用现在分词exchanging，作状语，与spreading并列。 38．考查形容词。句意：除艺术价值外，该艺术节也成为推动当地发展的一股有影响力的力量。空处修饰名词force，需用形容词influential，表示“有影响力的”，作定语。 39．考查一般现在时。句意：该园区还原古代表演场景，聘用三百多名员工，为旅游及相关行业提供近一万个岗位。根据前文的recreates和employs可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语the park为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式supports，与recreates和employs构成并列的谓语动词。 40．考查现在完成时。句意：自2002年以来，该县杂技学校已培养来自三十多个国家的一千余名学员。根据since 2002可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语The county’s acrobatic school为单数，谓语用has trained。 41．考查副词。句意：“杂技是一种国际语言，通过创造力和勇气真正地将人们联系在一起，”节日评委Maria Teresa说道。本空修饰动词connects，应用副词形式genuinely“真正地”，作状语。 42．考查固定介词搭配。句意：名副其实——吴桥寓意桥梁，这座小城持续联通多元文化。true to its name为固定搭配，意为“名副其实，正如其名”，本空用介词to。 四、 Dear Tom, I am writing to express my sincere apologies for being unable to meet you at the school library gate at 3:00 p.m. this Friday as planned. Unfortunately, an urgent class meeting has just come up, and my attendance is required. I feel terrible about this last-minute change. Would it be possible for us to reschedule for Saturday morning? Alternatively, if you prefer to start without me, you could take some shots of the campus scenes first, and I will join you as soon as I can. Please let me know what works best for you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给交换生Tom写道歉邮件，因临时班级紧急会议无法按时赴约拍照，需表达歉意、说明缘由并提出补救方案。 1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 真诚的：sincere→genuine 按计划：as planned→as scheduled 糟糕的：terrible→horrible 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I feel terrible about this last-minute change. 拓展句：I feel terrible about this last-minute change which brings you inconvenience. 【高分句型1】Would it be possible for us to reschedule for Saturday morning?（运用了“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”结构） 【高分句型2】Alternatively, if you prefer to start without me, you could take some shots of the campus scenes first, and I will join you as soon as I can.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $