专题02 限定性定语从句速通（暑假复习讲义）新高一英语外研版

专题02 限定性定语从句速通 考点序号 考点聚焦 考点一 限定性定语从句 考点二 关系代词引导的定语从句 考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句 考点四 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 考点一 限定性定语从句 【知识精讲】 限定性定语从句 一．定义 用来限定、明确先行词（前面的名词 / 代词）的定语从句，无逗号与主句隔开；从句是主句不可或缺的一部分，去掉从句后主句含义模糊、指代不清，无法独立表意。 作用：缩小先行词范围，区分同类人 / 事物，起限定辨别作用。 二．结构 万能公式：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分 名词解释 - 先行词：被修饰的名词/代词（放在从句最前面） - 关系词：who/whom/whose/which/that/when/where/why，连接主句从句，替代先行词 - 核心特点：从句和主句之间无逗号隔开，从句不可删除 例句：The boy who wears a jacket is my friend. 句子拆分（对应万能公式）： 1. 先行词：the boy（被修饰名词，指代人） 2. 关系词：who（连接句子，代替the boy，从句作主语） 3. 从句：who wears a jacket（限定：穿夹克的，用来区分别的男孩） 4. 主句：The boy is my friend 三．限定性定语从句 vs 非限定性定语从句 1. 有无逗号（最直观区分标志） 限定：I like the books that you bought. 我喜欢你买的那些书。（无逗号） 非限定：I like these books, which you bought. 我很喜欢这些书，这些书是你买的。（有逗号） 2. 从句是否必不可少 限定（删去看不懂）： The girl who wears red is my deskmate. 穿红衣服的女孩是我同桌。 删从句：The girl is my deskmate.（哪个女孩？指代模糊） 非限定（删去主干完整）： My deskmate, who wears red, loves music. 我的同桌，她穿红衣服，喜欢音乐。 删从句：My deskmate loves music.（句意完整） 3. that 的使用规则 限定可用 that：This is the best gift that I have got. 非限定禁止 that（错误）：He passed the exam, that made us happy. 正确：He passed the exam, which made us happy. 4. 关系词能否省略 限定（作宾语可省）：The pen (which/that) I lost is new. 非限定（不可省）：This pen, which I lost, is new. 不能去掉 which 5. which 指代整件事（仅非限定独有） 非限定可指代前面整句话，限定不行： He failed the test, which made his mom angry. 他考试不及格，这件事让妈妈很生气。 【典例破题】 用适当的关系代词填空，并判断该从句是限定性还是非限定性定语从句。 1.The man ______ is wearing a red tie is my uncle. 2.My uncle, ______ is wearing a red tie, is coming to dinner tonight. 【巩固提升】 请标出定语从句 1.The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 2.The book that I borrowed from the library is very thick. 3.My uncle, who is a painter, will visit us tomorrow. 4.The house which stands on the corner has been sold. 5.This city, where I was born, has changed a lot. 6.The scientist whom we interviewed is famous. 7.My best friend, whose father is a pilot, loves traveling. 8.The students who finish the test early may leave. 9.The park that we visited yesterday was beautiful. 10.The Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris, is a popular landmark. 考点二 关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 1． 关系代词及其用法 二．只用 that（不能用 which）的5种情况（指物时）： 1.先行词被序数词（first, last）或最高级（best, most）修饰时。 This is the most touching movie that I have ever seen. 2.先行词是不定代词（all, everything, nothing, little, much, none）时。 All that glitters is not gold.（闪光的未必都是金子） 3.先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时。 It is the very book that I am looking for. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 We talked about the people and the things that we remembered. 5.主句以 which 开头（避免重复）时。 Which is the bike that you lost? 【易错】关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 He is one of the students who are good at math.（先行词是students，复数） He is the only one of the students who is good at math.（先行词是one，单数，因为加了the only） 【典例破题】填写关系代词 The book ______ I bought yesterday is useful. 【巩固提升】 单选 1. The girl ______ helped me with my English is my deskmate A. which B. who C. what D. where 2. This is the old bike ______ my father bought ten years ago. A. that B. what C. when D. who 3. I know the boy ______ you met at the school gate yesterday. A. whose B. whom C. where D. why 4. This is the only storybook ______ I like best. A. which B. that C. what D. who 5. We visited the village ______ houses were built last year. A. whose B. which C. that D. whom 6. All ______ we need is enough time to finish the work. A. which B. that C. what D. who 7. The man ______ car broke down needs help now. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 8. The people and dogs ______ we saw there were very friendly. A. which B. that C. who D. what 9. The pen ______ I wrote homework is lost today. A. that B. when C. where D. why 10. He is the first student ______ passed the difficult exam. A. which B. who C. that D. what 考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 经典例句： when：I still remember the day when we first met.（我还记得我们初次见面的那一天。） where：This is the café where I used to work.（这是我以前工作的咖啡馆。） why：Tell me the reason why you were late.（告诉我你迟到的原因。） 二．where 不只指“具体地点” 在高级写作和阅读中，where 引导的定语从句可以修饰抽象名词，表示“在...方面/阶段/情况下”。 where 的先行词可以是：situation（情况）, case（案例）, point（地步）, stage（阶段）, condition（条件）, activity（活动）, system（体系）。 We have reached a point where a change is needed.（我们已经到了需要变革的地步。） He got into a situation where it was hard to make a decision.（他陷入了难以做决定的境地。） 三．如何区分用“关系代词”还是“关系副词”？ 判断法则： 缺主语或宾语 → 用关系代词 (who/whom/which/that) 缺状语（主谓宾齐全）→ 用关系副词 (when/where/why) 对比： 1.This is the factory that/which I visited last year. 从句是 I visited __。visit 是及物动词，后面缺宾语（参观“工厂”）。→ 用 which/that（作宾语）。 2.This is the factory where I worked last year. 从句是 I worked __。work 是不及物动词，主谓齐全，不缺宾语，缺的是地点状语（在工厂里）。→ 用 where（作状语）。 3.I will never forget the days that/which I spent with you. spend 是及物动词，后面缺宾语（度过“那些日子”）。→ 用 which/that。 4.I will never forget the days when we played together. play 是不及物动词，主谓齐全，缺时间状语。→ 用 when。 【典例破题】 填写关系副词 I still remember the day ______ I first met you. 【巩固提升】 1. I will never forget the day ______ I joined the music club. A. which B. when C. who D. what 2. This is the small town ______ my grandparents live. A. where B. that C. which D. whom 3. Please tell me the reason ______ you were late for school. A. which B. who C. why D. when 4. I like the park ______ I can relax myself on weekends. A. when B. where C. that D. whose 5. Do you know the time ______ the sports meeting will start? A. why B. where C. when D. which 6. This is the office ______ my father works every day. A. which B. where C. who D. that 7. The reason ______ he gave up the job is unknown to us. A. why B. when C. whose D. whom 8. I still remember the summer ______ we travelled together. A. where B. when C. that D. which 9. The shop ______ I bought my bag is near our school. A. when B. why C. where D. who 10. We don’t know the reason ______ she left quietly. A. which B. why C. where D. when 考点四 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 二、介词到底怎么选？ 1. 来自从句中的动词固定搭配（最常见） 介词必须与从句中的谓语动词构成固定短语。 She is the person to whom I talked yesterday.（talk to sb.） This is the goal for which we are striving.（strive for） 2. 来自从句中的形容词固定搭配 介词与从句中的形容词构成搭配。 It was a challenge of which we were proud.（be proud of） 3. 来自先行词与介词的逻辑关系（表时间/地点/方式） 此时相当于关系副词的正式版。 I still remember the day on which we met.（= when） This is the room in which I live.（= where） That is the way in which he solved it.（= how，但不能用 how 引导定语从句，只能用 in which 或 that/省略） 【注意】介词绝对不能提前的两种情况！ 陷阱一：固定动词短语中的介词不能前置（“动介”不分离） 如果动词和介词是不可分割的固定短语（尤其是表示动作的短语），介词必须留在动词后面，不能提前。 ❌ This is the baby of whom I take care.（错误） ✅ This is the baby (whom/who/that) I take care of.（正确，因为 take care of 是一个整体） ❌ These are the issues about which we have talked.（注意：talk about 可以提前，因为不是固定习语？不对，talk about 通常认为是可以拆的。真正不能拆的是：look for, listen to, call on, get over, go through 等） 更准确的判断标准：如果去掉介词，动词意思会发生剧变或不成短语，则不能前置。 I found the pen which I was looking for.（不能写成 for which，虽然语法允许，但口语习惯后置。正式书面语中，为了优雅有时会强行提前，但look for 太口语化，一般后置。核心陷阱是：如果介词与动词结合极紧，如 depend on, rely on, laugh at，虽然语法上可以提前，但会让句子极不自然，考试中常考的是 in which 等方位介词，而不是动作短语的介词。） 陷阱二：介词后面绝不能接 that 或 who 记住公式：介词 + whom（人）/ which（物）。即使你想用 that，语法上完全错误。 【典例破题】 填写介词+关系代词 This is the room ______ ______ I lived last year. 【巩固提升】 单选 1. The famous scientist ______ we have learned a great deal is going to give us a lecture next week. A. who B. that C. from whom D. about whom 2. The speed ______ which the car was traveling was alarming. A. by B. at C. in D. on 3. The old painter ______ I learned the basic skills has passed away. A. who B. from whom C. about whom D. whom 4. She has three daughters, two ______ are doctors. A. of which B. of whom C. who D. that 5. The stadium ______ we watched the football match last night has a history of 50 years. A. where B. which C. in which D. that 6. The company, ______ he worked for ten years, went bankrupt last month. A. which B. that C. for which D. in which 7. Fortunately, we had a map, without ______ we would have got lost. A. which B. that C. it D. what 8. The guitar ______ she accompanied her singing was made in Spain. A. which B. with which C. by which D. on which 9. The classroom, the door ______ is broken, needs to be repaired. A. whose B. of which C. which D. that 10. He made a great contribution to the project, ______ we are proud. A. of which B. about which C. which D. for which 1． 填写适当的连接词 1. This is the best movie ______ I have ever seen. 2. I will never forget the park ______ we had a picnic last weekend. 3. The boy ______ father is a doctor studies very hard. 4. The girl ______ we met on the street is my new classmate. 5. I know the reason ______ he refused the invitation. 6. This is the school ______ ______ I studied for six years. 7. Everything ______ he told me is true. 8. The man ______ ______ I spoke is my English teacher. 9. The day ______ I joined the club was unforgettable. 10. He is the only person ______ can help you out of trouble. 二．单选 1. 2023.3 Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A.why B.which C.that D.where 2. 2022.6 Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler,______routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 3. 2022.3 When people think about operating systems were developed for the personal computer, Microsoft may come to mind. A. what B. where C. who D. which 4. 2021.03 William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes___ we can learn without repeating them. A.from which B.in which C.with whom D.for whom 5. 2021.06 In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. A. when B. where C. what D. which 6. 2020.7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ______he gave it to his grandson. A. which B. when C. where D. who 7. 2020.6. Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 8. 2019. 11. Their child is at the stage________she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 9. 2019. 14. The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ____ up to half will be from abroad. A. who B. of which C. when D. of whom 10. 2018.2．Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia． A. whom B.that C.whose D.her / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 限定性定语从句速通 考点序号 考点聚焦 考点一 限定性定语从句 考点二 关系代词引导的定语从句 考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句 考点四 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 考点一 限定性定语从句 【知识精讲】 限定性定语从句 一．定义 用来限定、明确先行词（前面的名词 / 代词）的定语从句，无逗号与主句隔开；从句是主句不可或缺的一部分，去掉从句后主句含义模糊、指代不清，无法独立表意。 作用：缩小先行词范围，区分同类人 / 事物，起限定辨别作用。 二．结构 万能公式：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分 名词解释 - 先行词：被修饰的名词/代词（放在从句最前面） - 关系词：who/whom/whose/which/that/when/where/why，连接主句从句，替代先行词 - 核心特点：从句和主句之间无逗号隔开，从句不可删除 例句：The boy who wears a jacket is my friend. 句子拆分（对应万能公式）： 1. 先行词：the boy（被修饰名词，指代人） 2. 关系词：who（连接句子，代替the boy，从句作主语） 3. 从句：who wears a jacket（限定：穿夹克的，用来区分别的男孩） 4. 主句：The boy is my friend 三．限定性定语从句 vs 非限定性定语从句 1. 有无逗号（最直观区分标志） 限定：I like the books that you bought. 我喜欢你买的那些书。（无逗号） 非限定：I like these books, which you bought. 我很喜欢这些书，这些书是你买的。（有逗号） 2. 从句是否必不可少 限定（删去看不懂）： The girl who wears red is my deskmate. 穿红衣服的女孩是我同桌。 删从句：The girl is my deskmate.（哪个女孩？指代模糊） 非限定（删去主干完整）： My deskmate, who wears red, loves music. 我的同桌，她穿红衣服，喜欢音乐。 删从句：My deskmate loves music.（句意完整） 3. that 的使用规则 限定可用 that：This is the best gift that I have got. 非限定禁止 that（错误）：He passed the exam, that made us happy. 正确：He passed the exam, which made us happy. 4. 关系词能否省略 限定（作宾语可省）：The pen (which/that) I lost is new. 非限定（不可省）：This pen, which I lost, is new. 不能去掉 which 5. which 指代整件事（仅非限定独有） 非限定可指代前面整句话，限定不行： He failed the test, which made his mom angry. 他考试不及格，这件事让妈妈很生气。 【典例破题】 用适当的关系代词填空，并判断该从句是限定性还是非限定性定语从句。 1.The man ______ is wearing a red tie is my uncle. 2.My uncle, ______ is wearing a red tie, is coming to dinner tonight. 答案 小题 填空 从句类型 关键依据 1 who / that 限定性 无逗号，说明“穿红领带”是必要的限定，用来明确是哪个男人（暗示说话者可能有多个叔叔）。 2 who（不可用that） 非限定性 有逗号，说明“穿红领带”是补充说明，因为前面“My uncle”已经明确了是唯一的叔叔，去掉该从句句子依然完整。 【巩固提升】 请标出定语从句 1.The woman who lives next door is a doctor. 2.The book that I borrowed from the library is very thick. 3.My uncle, who is a painter, will visit us tomorrow. 4.The house which stands on the corner has been sold. 5.This city, where I was born, has changed a lot. 6.The scientist whom we interviewed is famous. 7.My best friend, whose father is a pilot, loves traveling. 8.The students who finish the test early may leave. 9.The park that we visited yesterday was beautiful. 10.The Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris, is a popular landmark. 答案（括号内即为定语从句） 1.The woman (who lives next door) is a doctor. 2.The book (that I borrowed from the library) is very thick. 3.My uncle, (who is a painter) , will visit us tomorrow. 4.The house (which stands on the corner) has been sold. 5.This city, (where I was born) , has changed a lot. 6.The scientist (whom we interviewed) is famous. 7.My best friend, (whose father is a pilot) , loves traveling. 8.The students (who finish the test early) may leave. 9.The park (that we visited yesterday) was beautiful. 10.The Eiffel Tower, (which is in Paris) , is a popular landmark. 考点二 关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 1． 关系代词及其用法 二．只用 that（不能用 which）的5种情况（指物时）： 1.先行词被序数词（first, last）或最高级（best, most）修饰时。 This is the most touching movie that I have ever seen. 2.先行词是不定代词（all, everything, nothing, little, much, none）时。 All that glitters is not gold.（闪光的未必都是金子） 3.先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时。 It is the very book that I am looking for. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 We talked about the people and the things that we remembered. 5.主句以 which 开头（避免重复）时。 Which is the bike that you lost? 【易错】关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 He is one of the students who are good at math.（先行词是students，复数） He is the only one of the students who is good at math.（先行词是one，单数，因为加了the only） 【典例破题】填写关系代词 The book ______ I bought yesterday is useful. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词the book指物，从句缺宾语，限定性定语从句，可用that/which 【巩固提升】 单选 1. The girl ______ helped me with my English is my deskmate A. which B. who C. what D. where 2. This is the old bike ______ my father bought ten years ago. A. that B. what C. when D. who 3. I know the boy ______ you met at the school gate yesterday. A. whose B. whom C. where D. why 4. This is the only storybook ______ I like best. A. which B. that C. what D. who 5. We visited the village ______ houses were built last year. A. whose B. which C. that D. whom 6. All ______ we need is enough time to finish the work. A. which B. that C. what D. who 7. The man ______ car broke down needs help now. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 8. The people and dogs ______ we saw there were very friendly. A. which B. that C. who D. what 9. The pen ______ I wrote homework is lost today. A. that B. when C. where D. why 10. He is the first student ______ passed the difficult exam. A. which B. who C. that D. what 答案+精简解析 1. B 先行词指人，从句缺主语，用who 2. A 先行词指物，限定从句可用that 3. B 先行词指人，从句缺宾语，用whom 4. B 考点：the only后，限定从句只能用that 5. A 表所属“村庄的房子”，用whose 6. B 考点：不定代词all后，只能用that 7. C 表所属“男士的车”，用whose 8. B 考点：先行词人+物，只能用that 9. A 先行词指物，从句缺宾语，用that 10. C 考点：序数词the first后，只能用that 考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 经典例句： when：I still remember the day when we first met.（我还记得我们初次见面的那一天。） where：This is the café where I used to work.（这是我以前工作的咖啡馆。） why：Tell me the reason why you were late.（告诉我你迟到的原因。） 二．where 不只指“具体地点” 在高级写作和阅读中，where 引导的定语从句可以修饰抽象名词，表示“在...方面/阶段/情况下”。 where 的先行词可以是：situation（情况）, case（案例）, point（地步）, stage（阶段）, condition（条件）, activity（活动）, system（体系）。 We have reached a point where a change is needed.（我们已经到了需要变革的地步。） He got into a situation where it was hard to make a decision.（他陷入了难以做决定的境地。） 三．如何区分用“关系代词”还是“关系副词”？ 判断法则： 缺主语或宾语 → 用关系代词 (who/whom/which/that) 缺状语（主谓宾齐全）→ 用关系副词 (when/where/why) 对比： 1.This is the factory that/which I visited last year. 从句是 I visited __。visit 是及物动词，后面缺宾语（参观“工厂”）。→ 用 which/that（作宾语）。 2.This is the factory where I worked last year. 从句是 I worked __。work 是不及物动词，主谓齐全，不缺宾语，缺的是地点状语（在工厂里）。→ 用 where（作状语）。 3.I will never forget the days that/which I spent with you. spend 是及物动词，后面缺宾语（度过“那些日子”）。→ 用 which/that。 4.I will never forget the days when we played together. play 是不及物动词，主谓齐全，缺时间状语。→ 用 when。 【典例破题】 填写关系副词 I still remember the day ______ I first met you. 答案：when 解析：先行词the day表时间，从句主谓结构完整，不缺主语宾语，用关系副词when 【巩固提升】 1. I will never forget the day ______ I joined the music club. A. which B. when C. who D. what 2. This is the small town ______ my grandparents live. A. where B. that C. which D. whom 3. Please tell me the reason ______ you were late for school. A. which B. who C. why D. when 4. I like the park ______ I can relax myself on weekends. A. when B. where C. that D. whose 5. Do you know the time ______ the sports meeting will start? A. why B. where C. when D. which 6. This is the office ______ my father works every day. A. which B. where C. who D. that 7. The reason ______ he gave up the job is unknown to us. A. why B. when C. whose D. whom 8. I still remember the summer ______ we travelled together. A. where B. when C. that D. which 9. The shop ______ I bought my bag is near our school. A. when B. why C. where D. who 10. We don’t know the reason ______ she left quietly. A. which B. why C. where D. when 答案+精简解析 1. B 先行词the day表时间，从句句意完整，用when 2. A 先行词town表地点，从句句意完整，用where 3. C 先行词reason表原因，固定用why 4. B 先行词park表地点，从句不缺主干，用where 5. C 先行词time表时间，从句完整，用when 6. B 先行词office地点，从句完整，用where 7. A 先行词reason原因，限定从句用why 8. B 先行词summer时间，从句完整，用when 9. C 先行词shop地点，从句完整，用where 10. B 先行词reason原因，从句完整，用why 考点四 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识精讲】 二、介词到底怎么选？ 1. 来自从句中的动词固定搭配（最常见） 介词必须与从句中的谓语动词构成固定短语。 She is the person to whom I talked yesterday.（talk to sb.） This is the goal for which we are striving.（strive for） 2. 来自从句中的形容词固定搭配 介词与从句中的形容词构成搭配。 It was a challenge of which we were proud.（be proud of） 3. 来自先行词与介词的逻辑关系（表时间/地点/方式） 此时相当于关系副词的正式版。 I still remember the day on which we met.（= when） This is the room in which I live.（= where） That is the way in which he solved it.（= how，但不能用 how 引导定语从句，只能用 in which 或 that/省略） 【注意】介词绝对不能提前的两种情况！ 陷阱一：固定动词短语中的介词不能前置（“动介”不分离） 如果动词和介词是不可分割的固定短语（尤其是表示动作的短语），介词必须留在动词后面，不能提前。 ❌ This is the baby of whom I take care.（错误） ✅ This is the baby (whom/who/that) I take care of.（正确，因为 take care of 是一个整体） ❌ These are the issues about which we have talked.（注意：talk about 可以提前，因为不是固定习语？不对，talk about 通常认为是可以拆的。真正不能拆的是：look for, listen to, call on, get over, go through 等） 更准确的判断标准：如果去掉介词，动词意思会发生剧变或不成短语，则不能前置。 I found the pen which I was looking for.（不能写成 for which，虽然语法允许，但口语习惯后置。正式书面语中，为了优雅有时会强行提前，但look for 太口语化，一般后置。核心陷阱是：如果介词与动词结合极紧，如 depend on, rely on, laugh at，虽然语法上可以提前，但会让句子极不自然，考试中常考的是 in which 等方位介词，而不是动作短语的介词。） 陷阱二：介词后面绝不能接 that 或 who 记住公式：介词 + whom（人）/ which（物）。即使你想用 that，语法上完全错误。 【典例破题】 填写介词+关系代词 This is the room ______ ______ I lived last year. 答案：in which 解析：先行词room地点，live in为固定搭配，限定性定语从句，介词提前，用in which（等同于where） 【巩固提升】 单选 1. The famous scientist ______ we have learned a great deal is going to give us a lecture next week. A. who B. that C. from whom D. about whom 2. The speed ______ which the car was traveling was alarming. A. by B. at C. in D. on 3. The old painter ______ I learned the basic skills has passed away. A. who B. from whom C. about whom D. whom 4. She has three daughters, two ______ are doctors. A. of which B. of whom C. who D. that 5. The stadium ______ we watched the football match last night has a history of 50 years. A. where B. which C. in which D. that 6. The company, ______ he worked for ten years, went bankrupt last month. A. which B. that C. for which D. in which 7. Fortunately, we had a map, without ______ we would have got lost. A. which B. that C. it D. what 8. The guitar ______ she accompanied her singing was made in Spain. A. which B. with which C. by which D. on which 9. The classroom, the door ______ is broken, needs to be repaired. A. whose B. of which C. which D. that 10. He made a great contribution to the project, ______ we are proud. A. of which B. about which C. which D. for which 答案解析与考点提炼 1. 正确答案：C. from whom 解析：从句结构为 we have learned a great deal __。固定搭配 learn a great deal from sb.（从某人那里学到很多）。指代“人”（scientist），且介词 from 前置，关系代词必须用 whom。A（who）不能直接放在介词后；D（about whom）搭配错误。 考点：介词来自从句谓语动词的固定搭配 + 指人用 whom。 2. 正确答案：B. at 解析：从句为 the car was traveling __ the speed。固定搭配 travel at a speed of...（以……速度行驶）。speed 前面习惯搭配介词 at。此题直接考查介词选择。 考点：介词与先行词的逻辑搭配（表方式/状态）。 3. 正确答案：B. from whom 解析：从句为 I learned the basic skills __ the painter。固定搭配 learn from sb.。同样是指人 + 介词前置，选 from whom。C（about whom）意为“关于他”，不符合语境。 考点：同上，巩固“learn from”的介词前置。 4. 正确答案：B. of whom 解析：先行词是 three daughters（人），从句表示“其中两个”。结构为 数词/代词 + of + 关系代词。指人用 of whom，指物用 of which。A（of which）指物；C/D 不能构成“部分与整体”结构。 考点：表示整体中的一部分（two of whom）。 5. 正确答案：C. in which 解析：从句为 we watched the football match __ the stadium。固定搭配 in the stadium（在体育场里）。A（where）虽然语法也正确，但本题专项考查“介词+关系代词”，且 C 能完美替换 where。B/D 在从句中无法作地点状语（缺主语或宾语时才用）。 考点：表地点的正式语体（in which = where）。 6. 正确答案：C. for which 解析：从句为 he worked __ the company for ten years。固定搭配 work for a company（为某公司工作）。有逗号隔开，是非限制性定语从句，指物用 which，介词用 for。D（in which）意为“在里面工作”，但 work in 更强调在某个场所内部，而 work for 强调“效力于”，结合语境（公司）用 for 更佳；此处严格按搭配选 C。 考点：非限制性定语从句 + 介词来自“work for”。 7. 正确答案：A. which 解析：从句为 without __ we would have got lost。先行词是 a map（物）。介词 without 提前，指物只能用 which。虚拟语气提示如果没有地图就会迷路。B（that）不能放在介词后；C（it）不能引导定语从句；D（what）不能引导定语从句。 考点：介词 + 关系代词（无生命物体，用 which）。 8. 正确答案：B. with which 解析：从句为 she accompanied her singing __ the guitar。固定搭配 accompany sb. with a musical instrument（用吉他伴奏），或者理解为“弹着吉他伴奏”，工具用介词 with。指物用 which。C（by which）通常表方式或被动语态中的施动者，不用于乐器伴奏。 考点：介词来自表示“工具”的搭配（with）。 9. 正确答案：B. of which 解析：从句意为“教室的门坏了”。先行词 classroom（物）与 the door 是所属关系。定语从句中表“某物的……”，可用 whose + 名词 或 名词 + of which。本题空格前是 the door，所以必须用 of which（the door of which = whose door）。如果空格前没有 the door（如 ____ door is broken），则选 A（whose）。 考点：所属关系的两种表达（whose / of which）的选择，看名词位置。 10. 正确答案：A. of which 解析：从句为 we are proud __ the project。固定搭配 be proud of...（为……感到自豪）。非限制性定语从句中指物，介词 of 前置，用 of which。D（for which）搭配错误。 考点：介词来自从句形容词的固定搭配（proud of）。 1． 填写适当的连接词 1. This is the best movie ______ I have ever seen. 2. I will never forget the park ______ we had a picnic last weekend. 3. The boy ______ father is a doctor studies very hard. 4. The girl ______ we met on the street is my new classmate. 5. I know the reason ______ he refused the invitation. 6. This is the school ______ ______ I studied for six years. 7. Everything ______ he told me is true. 8. The man ______ ______ I spoke is my English teacher. 9. The day ______ I joined the club was unforgettable. 10. He is the only person ______ can help you out of trouble. 答案+逐题考点解析 1. that 考点：最高级the best修饰先行词，限定从句只用that 2. where 考点：先行词地点，从句主谓完整，用关系副词where 3. whose 考点：表所属“男孩的爸爸”，限定从句用whose 4. who/whom/that 考点：先行词指人，从句缺宾语，三者均可 5. why 考点：先行词reason，表原因，用关系副词why 6. in which考点：study in the school固定搭配，介词提前 7. that 考点：不定代词everything作先行词，只用that 8. to whom 考点：speak to sb固定搭配，先行词指人，介词提前 9. when 考点：先行词表时间，从句结构完整，用when 10. that 考点：the only修饰先行词，限定从句只能用that 二．单选 1. 2023.3 Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A.why B.which C.that D.where 2. 2022.6 Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler,______routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A. for which B. with which C. for whom D. with whom 3. 2022.3 When people think about operating systems were developed for the personal computer, Microsoft may come to mind. A. what B. where C. who D. which 4. 2021.03 William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes___ we can learn without repeating them. A.from which B.in which C.with whom D.for whom 5. 2021.06 In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. A. when B. where C. what D. which 6. 2020.7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ______he gave it to his grandson. A. which B. when C. where D. who 7. 2020.6. Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 8. 2019. 11. Their child is at the stage________she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 9. 2019. 14. The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ____ up to half will be from abroad. A. who B. of which C. when D. of whom 10. 2018.2．Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia． A. whom B.that C.whose D.her 答案 1. 答案：D【解析】先行词class discussion抽象地点，从句主谓完整不缺主干，用where作地点状语。 2. 答案：B【解析】先行词guide books指物，固定搭配suggest routes with guide books（借助旅游手册规划路线），介词with提前，选with which。 3. 答案：D【解析】先行词operating systems指物，从句缺主语，限定性定语从句，用which。what不可引导定语从句。 4. 答案：A【解析】固定搭配learn from mistakes（从错误中学习），先行词mistakes指物，介词from提前，选from which。 5. 答案：A【解析】先行词season季节表时间，从句句子完整，用关系副词when。 6. 答案：B【解析】先行词the early 1990s表时间，非限定定语从句，从句完整，用when。 7. 答案：A【解析】先行词Dr. Rowan指人，表所属“他的秘书”，非限定从句，用whose。 8. 答案：B【解析】先行词stage抽象地点（阶段），从句结构完整，固定考点：stage后常用where。 9. 答案：D【解析】先行词100 students指人，half of the students，介词of提前，非限定从句用of whom。 10. 答案：C【解析】先行词Kate指人，表所属“凯特的姐姐”，非限定从句，用whose；that不能引导非限定定语从句。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $