暑假自学课第6讲 Unit 1 Teenagers today 语法练习（讲义） 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

新初三暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第6讲 Unit 1 Teenagers today — 语法练习 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新九年级（八升九） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：学习被动语态的基本结构和用法，掌握一般现在时、一般过去时及情态动词的被动语态 Part 1 温故知新 —— 语态基础回顾 一、主动语态 vs 被动语态 英语中有两种语态： 主动语态（Active Voice）：主语是动作的执行者。 → The boy cleans the room every day.（男孩每天打扫房间。） 被动语态（Passive Voice）：主语是动作的承受者。 → The room is cleaned by the boy every day.（房间每天被男孩打扫。） 二、被动语态的基本结构 时态 被动结构 一般现在时 am / is / are + 过去分词 一般过去时 was / were + 过去分词 一般将来时 will be + 过去分词 情态动词 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 三、小学已学的被动表达回顾 同学们在小学已经接触过一些被动表达，例如： 句子 说明 English is spoken in many countries. 一般现在时被动 The window was broken yesterday. 一般过去时被动 The work must be done today. 情态动词被动 The cake was made by my mother. by + 动作执行者 Part 2 习得新知 —— 被动语态精讲 一、一般现在时被动语态 结构：am / is / are + 过去分词 用法：描述经常发生或客观事实的被动动作。 ● 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + done + (by ...) ● 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + done + (by ...) ● 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done + (by ...)? 【例句】 Many trees are planted every year. 每年种很多树。 English is spoken in many countries. 很多国家说英语。 The room is cleaned by my mother every day. 房间每天被我妈妈打扫。 【当堂练习】用am/is/are + 动词的适当形式填空 (1) Tea ______ (grow) in many parts of China. (2) These books ______ (write) in English. (3) The classroom ______ (clean) by the students every day. (4) Computers ______ (use) in nearly every office. (5) The car ______ (make) in Japan. 二、一般过去时被动语态 结构：was / were + 过去分词 用法：描述过去发生的被动动作。 ● 肯定句：主语 + was/were + done + (by ...) ● 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + done + (by ...) ● 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + done + (by ...)? 【例句】 The bridge was built in 1990. 这座桥建于1990年。 The performance was enjoyed by everyone. 这场表演受到了大家的喜爱。 The letters were sent yesterday. 这些信昨天被寄出去了。 【当堂练习】用was/were + 动词的适当形式填空 (1) The house ______ (build) in 2005. (2) These songs ______ (write) by a famous musician. (3) The window ______ (break) during the storm. (4) The students ______ (tell) to be quiet. (5) The kite ______ (make) by my grandfather. 三、情态动词被动语态 结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 常见的搭配情态动词：can / must / should / may / need ● 肯定句：主语 + 情态动词 + be + done + (by ...) ● 否定句：主语 + 情态动词 + not + be + done + (by ...) ● 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + be + done + (by ...)? 【例句】 Teenagers should be encouraged to express their ideas. 青少年应该被鼓励表达自己的想法。 This work must be finished today. 这项工作必须在今天完成。 The problem can be solved easily. 这个问题可以轻松解决。 The window may be opened if necessary. 如有必要，窗户可以被打开。 【当堂练习】用情态动词被动语态填空 (1) The book ______ (can / find) in the library. (2) Teenagers ______ (must / treat) with respect. (3) The rules ______ (should / follow) by everyone. (4) This problem ______ (can / solve) in two ways. (5) The task ______ (must / finish) before Friday. 四、主动语态变被动语态三步法 步骤 操作 第一步 将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语 第二步 将谓语动词改为 be + 过去分词（be的时态与原句一致） 第三步 将主动句的主语放在 by 后面（变为宾格，可省略） 【示例】 主动句：The students cleaned the classroom. 第一步：The classroom → 变成主语 第二步：cleaned → was cleaned 第三步：The students → by the students 被动句：The classroom was cleaned by the students. 【注意】 1. 如果主动句的宾语是代词，宾格变主格。 He wrote it. → It was written by him. 2. 如果主动句的主语是we / they / someone / people等泛指主语， 在被动句中通常省略 by 短语。 People speak English all over the world. → English is spoken all over the world (by people). 【当堂练习】将下列主动句变为被动句 (1) My mother waters the flowers every day. → The flowers ______ ______ by my mother every day. (2) The students wrote the reports. → The reports ______ ______ by the students. (3) We should respect old people. → Old people ______ ______ ______ by us. (4) Someone stole my bike yesterday. → My bike ______ ______ yesterday. (5) The teacher will announce the results. → The results ______ ______ ______ by the teacher. Part 3 基础巩固（不附答案） 一、单项选择 1. Tea ______ in many parts of China. A. grow B. is grown C. grew D. was grown 2. The bridge ______ in 1990. A. built B. is built C. was built D. builds 3. Teenagers should ______ to express their opinions. A. encourage B. be encouraged C. encouraging D. are encouraged 4. English ______ in many countries around the world. A. speaks B. is speaking C. is spoken D. spoke 5. This problem can ______ easily. A. be solved B. solved C. solving D. is solved 6. The classroom ______ by the students every day. A. clean B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 7. The letter ______ yesterday. A. sent B. was sent C. is sent D. sends 8. The work must ______ before Friday. A. finish B. finished C. finishing D. be finished 9. These songs ______ by a famous musician. A. were wrote B. were written C. written D. are writing 10. The child ______ good care of. A. should take B. should be taken C. should taken D. should be taking 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The Great Wall ______ (visit) by millions of tourists every year. 2. The book ______ (write) by Mo Yan in 2012. 3. These trees ______ (plant) last spring. 4. Teenagers should ______ (treat) fairly. 5. This kind of machine ______ (make) in China. 6. The meeting ______ (hold) in Room 301 tomorrow. 7. The old man ______ (take) to the hospital last night. 8. The classroom must ______ (keep) clean. 9. English ______ (teach) in our school. 10. The window ______ (break) by a naughty boy. 三、将下列句子改为被动语态 1. The students clean the blackboard every day. → The blackboard ______ ______ by the students every day. 2. My father bought a new car last week. → A new car ______ ______ by my father last week. 3. We should protect the environment. → The environment ______ ______ ______ by us. 4. Someone stole my wallet yesterday. → My wallet ______ ______ yesterday. 5. The teacher praised the little boy. → The little boy ______ ______ by the teacher. Part 4 提高挑战（不附答案） 一、完形填空 — 短文填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） Teenagers today (1) ______ (give) more chances to express themselves. In many schools, different activities (2) ______ (organize) to help them develop. Last month, a talent show (3) ______ (hold) in our school. It (4) ______ (enjoy) by both students and teachers. Some wonderful performances (5) ______ (put on) by the students. I think teenagers should (6) ______ (support) to pursue their dreams. They should not (7) ______ (laugh at) when they make mistakes. With the help of parents and teachers, every teenager can (8) ______ (help) to grow better. 二、翻译句子 1. 很多国家都说英语。 English ______ ______ in many countries. 2. 这座桥建于1990年。 The bridge ______ ______ in 1990. 3. 青少年应该被鼓励表达自己的想法。 Teenagers should ______ ______ to express their own ideas. 4. 我的自行车昨天被偷了。 My bike ______ ______ yesterday. 5. 房间每天由我妈妈打扫。 The room ______ ______ by my mother every day. 6. 这些歌是由一位著名音乐家写的。 These songs ______ ______ by a famous musician. 7. 这项工作必须在周五前完成。 The work must ______ ______ before Friday. 8. 窗户是被一个淘气的男孩打破的。 The window ______ ______ by a naughty boy. 三、改错题（每句有一处错误，找出并改正） 1. English is speak in many countries. ______ → ______ 2. The bridge was build in 1990. ______ → ______ 3. The work can be do easily. ______ → ______ 4. The classroom cleaned by the students every day. ______ → ______ 5. These songs were wrote by a famous singer. ______ → ______ Part 5 本讲总结 被动语态结构：be + 过去分词 一般现在时 → am/is/are + done 一般过去时 → was/were + done 一般将来时 → will be + done 情态动词 → 情态动词 + be + done 主动变被动三步法：宾语变主语 → 谓语变be+done → 主语变by+宾语（可省略） 参考答案 Part 2 习得新知 — 当堂练习 一、一般现在时被动语态 1. is grown 2. are written 3. is cleaned 4. are used 5. is made 二、一般过去时被动语态 1. was built 2. were written 3. was broken 4. were told 5. was made 三、情态动词被动语态 1. can be found 2. must be treated 3. should be followed 4. can be solved 5. must be finished 四、主动句变被动句 1. are watered 2. were written 3. should be respected 4. was stolen 5. will be announced Part 3 基础巩固 一、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. B 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. is visited 2. was written 3. were planted 4. be treated 5. is made 6. will be held 7. was taken 8. be kept 9. is taught 10. was broken 三、将下列句子改为被动语态 1. is cleaned 2. was bought 3. should be protected 4. was stolen 5. was praised Part 4 提高挑战 一、短文填空 1. are given 2. are organized 3. was held 4. was enjoyed 5. were put on 6. be supported 7. be laughed at 8. be helped 二、翻译句子 1. is spoken 2. was built 3. be encouraged 4. was stolen 5. is cleaned 6. were written 7. be finished 8. was broken 三、改错题 1. speak → spoken 2. build → built 3. do → done 4. cleaned → is cleaned 5. wrote → written 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $