暑假自学课第=第12讲 Unit 4 Heroes — 语法练习（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

新初三暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第12讲 Unit 4 Heroes — 语法练习 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新九年级（八升九） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：系统复习被动语态的各种时态结构，掌握主动变被动的转换方法，结合英雄主题强化运用 Part 1 温故知新 —— 被动语态基础回顾 一、被动语态的基本概念 被动语态（Passive Voice）表示主语是动作的承受者，而非执行者。 基本结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by + 动作执行者) 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 People respect heroes. Heroes are respected by people. 一般过去时 The soldier saved the child. The child was saved by the soldier. 一般将来时 We will remember the hero. The hero will be remembered. 现在完成时 They have built a monument. A monument has been built. 二、被动语态的基本转换步骤 第1步：把宾语提到句首做新主语 第2步：谓语改为 be + 过去分词（注意时态） 第3步：原主语前加 by（可省略） 热身练习：将下列句子改为被动语态 1. People admire the hero. The hero ______ ______ by people. 2. The soldiers defeated the enemy. The enemy ______ ______ by the soldiers. 3. We will never forget the brave fighter. The brave fighter ______ never ______ ______. 4. Many people have read the book about heroes. The book about heroes ______ ______ ______ by many people. Part 2 习得新知 —— 被动语态核心考点精讲 一、各时态被动结构速查 时态 被动结构 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 一般将来时 will be + 过去分词 现在完成时 have/has been + 过去分词 过去完成时 had been + 过去分词 情态动词 can/must/should/may + be + 过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are being + 过去分词 1. 一般现在时被动 — am/is/are + done Heroes are respected by everyone. The palace is visited by thousands of tourists every year. 2. 一般过去时被动 — was/were + done The battle was won by the brave soldiers. The monument was built in 1950. 3. 一般将来时被动 — will be + done A new museum will be built in memory of the hero. The story will be told to future generations. 4. 现在完成时被动 — have/has been + done（重点！） Many statues have been put up in the city. The hero has been remembered for centuries. Has the monument been finished yet? 5. 含情态动词的被动 The work must be finished before the war ends. These heroes should be remembered forever. The problem can be solved with courage. 各时态被动练习（用所给词的适当被动语态填空） 1. Heroes ______ (remember) by people forever. 2. The statue ______ (build) in 2010. 3. A new hospital ______ (build) in the town next year. 4. The enemy ______ (defeat) already. 5. The injured soldier ______ (take) to the hospital last night. 6. The letter ______ (write) by the president. 7. The children ______ (save) by the fearless firefighter. 8. More trees ______ (plant) every year on the hill. 二、被动语态的否定和疑问句 否定句：在be动词后加not The work is not finished yet. The hero was not forgotten by his people. 一般疑问句：将be动词提前 Is the hero remembered by everyone? Was the battle won by the soldiers? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词？ When was the monument built? Why was the hero called a fighter? 否定和疑问练习：按要求改写 1. The work is finished.（改为否定句） The work ______ ______ yet. 2. The hero was remembered by everyone.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the hero ______ by everyone? 3. The monument was built in 1950.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the monument built? 4. The letter was written by the president.（改为否定句） The letter ______ ______ by the president. 三、主动表被动的特殊情况（难点） 1. 感官动词（look/sound/taste/smell/feel）+ 形容词 The hero's story sounds inspiring. The food tastes delicious after a long battle. 2. 某些动词用主动表被动含义 This book sells well. （这书卖得好） The cloth washes easily. （这布好洗） 3. need/want + doing = need/want + to be done The monument needs repairing. 需要修理 = The monument needs to be repaired. 主动表被动练习：选择正确形式 1. This kind of story ______ (reads / is read) well. 2. The soup ______ (tastes / is tasted) good. 3. The old castle needs ______ (repairing / being repaired). 4. The hero's words ______ (sound / are sounded) powerful. 5. The floor needs ______ (cleaning / to clean). Part 3 基础巩固（不附答案） 一、单项选择 1. The hero ______ by all the people. A. respects B. is respected C. respected D. is respecting 2. The monument ______ in 1960. A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds 3. A new school ______ in this area next year. A. will build B. will be built C. builds D. built 4. The work must ______ before Friday. A. finish B. be finished C. finished D. be finish 5. Many heroic deeds ______ since the war began. A. recorded B. were recorded C. have been recorded D. are recording 6. ______ the letter ______ by the president? A. Was; written B. Is; written C. Did; write D. Has; written 7. This book ______ well. A. is sold B. sells C. sold D. has sold 8. The old house needs ______. A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. repairs 9. When ______ the battle ______? A. was; won B. is; won C. did; win D. has; won 10. The soldiers ______ for their bravery. A. praised B. were praised C. are praising D. praise 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（注意语态） 1. The hero ______ (remember) forever. 2. The palace ______ (build) in the 15th century. 3. The work ______ (not, finish) yet. 4. Many trees ______ (plant) every year on the hill. 5. A monument ______ (set) up next year. 6. The enemy ______ (defeat) in the battle yesterday. 7. The book about heroes ______ (write) by a famous researcher. 8. The brave soldier ______ (send) to the hospital already. 9. The story ______ (tell) by the old man every evening. 10. The child ______ (save) by the firefighter last night. 三、按要求改写句子 1. People admire the brave fighter.（改为被动语态） The brave fighter ______ ______ by people. 2. We will remember the hero.（改为被动语态） The hero ______ ______ ______. 3. The battle was won by the soldiers.（改为否定句） The battle ______ ______ by the soldiers. 4. They have built a monument for the hero.（改为被动语态） A monument ______ ______ ______ for the hero. 5. The temple was built in 1800.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the temple ______ in 1800? Part 4 提高挑战（不附答案） 一、完形填空——被动语态综合语境 Do you know how heroes ______? A hero is someone who ______ by many people. Throughout history, many brave soldiers ______ for their courage. Their stories ______ down from generation to generation. In China, many monuments ______ to honor national heroes. These heroes ______ for their selfless spirit. They ______ forever. (1) A. define B. are defined C. defined D. is defined (2) A. respects B. is respected C. respected D. has respected (3) A. remember B. are remembered C. were remembered D. have remembered (4) A. pass B. are passed C. were passed D. have passed (5) A. have built B. were built C. are built D. have been built (6) A. admire B. are admired C. were admired D. have admired (7) A. will remember B. will be remembered C. remembered D. are remembering 二、单句改错（主动被动混淆） 1. The hero is respects by everyone. ______ → ______ 2. The monument was build in 1950. ______ → ______ 3. Many trees have planted on the hill. ______ → ______ 4. The work must finish before tomorrow. ______ → ______ 5. The story is sound very inspiring. ______ → ______ 三、翻译句子（运用被动语态） 1. 这位英雄被所有人尊敬。 The hero ______ ______ by everyone. 2. 这座纪念碑建于1960年。 The monument ______ ______ in 1960. 3. 那个勇敢的战士将被永远铭记。 The brave fighter ______ ______ ______ forever. 4. 很多关于英雄的书已经被出版。 Many books about heroes ______ ______ ______. 5. 这扇门需要修理了。 The door needs ______. Part 5 本讲总结 被动语态结构速查： 一般现在时：am/is/are + done 一般过去时：was/were + done 一般将来时：will be + done 现在完成时：have/has been + done 情态动词：can/must/should + be + done 否定：在be后加not 疑问：将be动词提前 主动表被动： 感官动词：The story sounds inspiring. 某些动词：This book sells well. need doing = need to be done 参考答案 Part 1 温故知新 — 热身练习 1. is admired 2. was defeated 3. will; be forgotten 4. has been read Part 2 习得新知 各时态被动练习 1. are remembered 2. was built 3. will be built 4. has been defeated 5. was taken 6. was written 7. were saved 8. are planted 否定和疑问 1. is not finished 2. Was; remembered 3. When was 4. was not written 主动表被动 1. reads（主动表被动） 2. tastes（感官动词） 3. repairing（need doing） 4. sound 5. cleaning / to be cleaned Part 3 基础巩固 一、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 二、用所给词填空 1. is remembered / will be remembered 2. was built 3. hasn't been finished 4. are planted 5. will be set 6. was defeated 7. was written 8. has been sent 9. is told 10. was saved 三、句型转换 1. is admired 2. will be remembered 3. was not won 4. has been built 5. Was; built Part 4 提高挑战 一、完形填空 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. B 二、改错 1. is respects → is respected 2. was build → was built 3. have planted → have been planted 4. must finish → must be finished 5. is sound → sounds（主动表被动） 三、翻译 1. is respected 2. was built 3. will be remembered 4. have been published 5. repairing / to be repaired 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $