Unit 2 Getting along Grammar课件2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时，核心知识点包括“have/has+过去分词”结构、for/since用法及延续性动词应用。课堂通过视频导入引导学生发现语法点，结合阅读文章例句总结规则，经练习、对话和写作形成从理解到应用的学习支架。 其亮点是以真实新闻语境（Uncle Jimmy故事）和任务型活动（分享经历对话）培养语言能力，通过for/since转换、时态对比提升思维品质，分层作业和思维导图小结助力学习能力发展。学生能联系生活实际，教师可直接利用丰富资源高效教学。

2 Unit Getting along Grammar 2026新外研版八上 In this class, you will: ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ use “have/has + past participle” for past actions related to now. use present perfect with “for/since” to show action duration and start. apply present perfect to describe personal experiences and changes in real life. Enjoy the video: What grammar can you find? Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. The Giant has been away for a long time. Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there. for后接什么(时间段/时间点) ？ for+时间段 since后接什么 (时间段/时间点) ？ since+过去时间点 时间状语 5 Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. “I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year,” says the Giant. I haven’t heard that beautiful birdsong for a while. 在表示行为或状态一直持续到现在时，通常用与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。这类状语通常由for或since引导。 for后接一段时间，如for a long time, for five years等。 要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，也可以借助现在完成时。该用法中的动词多是延续性动词。 \ 现在完成时 (2) e.g. I have had the dog for three months now. 这条狗我现在已经养了三个月了。 We have played football for a year now. 我们现在已经踢了一年的足球了。 I have been like this since Friday. 从周五开始我就一直这样。 I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自从去年有了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼了。 since后多接时间点 如since August 2023, since yesterday, since two o’clock等。 在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以相互转换。 e.g. Mary has been in Beijing for two days. =Mary has been in Beijing since two days ago. for + _________ (时间点/时间段）： 指某个动作或情况到现在为止持续了多久 时间段 since + _________ (时间点/时间段）： 指某个动作或情况从过去某个时间点一直持续到现在 时间点 for + 时间段 = since + 时间段+ ago 在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，常用how long。 e.g. How long have you played football? 你踢足球踢了多长时间了？ How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了？ How long have you had the dog? 这条狗你养了多久了？ _______ + have/has+主语+过去分词+其他成分 How long e.g. I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer. 去年夏天我在这家酒店住了一周 I have stayed in the hotel for a week now. 迄今我已在这家酒店住了一周了。 I will stay in the hotel for a week next month. 下个月我要在这家酒店住一周时间。 在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，需要使用不同的时态。 讲的是去年夏天的事情，一般过去 到现在为止已经住了一周，现在完成 讲下个月的事情，一般将来 e.g. Tom has been here for two hours. Tom已经来了两小时了。 Tom has just come. Tom刚到。 在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的状语连用；而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 来了的状态还在持续 到达的动作已经完成 e.g. Tom has come to Canada for two days.  × My mum hasn't come to my home for half a year. I haven't seen the little girl since last month. 在英语中，一些表示短暂意义的动词(come, go, leave, buy …) 可以用在现在完成时，但它们一般不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但可以用在现在完成时的否定句中。 come是短暂性动词，不能和for two days连用 e.g. I have learnt 2- English songs. 我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。 I have collected 300 stamps. 我已经收集了300枚邮票。 除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。 Complete the sentences with for or since. 1. We have been friends _______ Grade 3. 2. They have been together _______ three years. 3. _______ last year, we’ve shared a lot of happy moments. since for Since 6 Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets. Most people hope to receive birthday gifts. But Jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy”, does things differently. 7 Every year, on 22 March – his birthday – he 2 _______ (offer) free ice creams. He has done this 3 _______ his 70th birthday. The 74-year-old has sold ice creams 1 ______ the past 17 years in Singapore. for offers since 15 He 6 _______ (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends 7 _______ they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made many friends online 8 ______ then. This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. “People 4 __________ (be) quite stressed recently and I want to help,” he said. “Sharing has made me feel happy 5 _______ the past four years.” have been for enjoys since since 16 The 74-year-old has sold ice creams for the past 17 years in Singapore. He has done this since his 70th birthday. Every year, on 22 March – his birthday – he offers free ice creams. Some students helped him set up social media pages. Read these sentences. 体会不同时态的语用功能。 17 1. When does Jimmy Teng offer free ice creams? Every year, on 22 March. 2. How does he feel about sharing? Sharing has made him feel happy. 3. What do you think are the priceless gifts? I think the priceless gifts here are not just the free ice creams, but also the joy of sharing and the friendships he built. 4. What have you learnt from the news article? Shared joy is a double joy. Answer the following questions. 18 1. I haven’t eaten anything __________ breakfast. (since / for) 2. My cousin has been in Beijing __________ two weeks. (since / for) 3. —__________ have you practised playing basketball? (How far / How long) —Since 2018. 根据句子或对话意思从括号内选择恰当的单词完成下列各题。  since   for  How long  4. Mr Smith has lived alone in King Street ________ two months. (since / for) 5. I’ve changed my address _________ last year. (since / for) for   since  根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词。 1. They have lived here since five years ago.     (改为同义句) They have lived here ________ ________ ________. 2. Mr. Jackson has been in China for three years.      (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ has Mr. Jackson been in China? 3. Bruce has learned to swim since two months ago.      (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ has Bruce learned to swim? for five years      How long           How long           1. Every year, on 22 March-his birthday – he offers free ice creams. 每年3月22日，他的生日，他都会提供免费的冰激凌。 offer v. 提供，给予 offer sb. sth. / offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物 e.g. *We are going to offer clothes and food to people in the earthquake.   我们将为地震中的人们提供衣服和食物。 *Jenny offered me some useful advice.   Jenny为我提供了很多有用的建议。 e.g. *The kids offered to do the dishes. 孩子们主动要求洗盘子。 *My dad has offered to pick us up. 我爸爸表示愿意开车来接我们。 offer to do sth. 主动提出要做某事，愿意做某事 2. This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. 今年，吉米叔叔计划送800个冰激凌。 plan v. 计划 e.g. *They are planning a trip. 他们正在计划一次旅行。 *We plan to go swimming after school this afternoon. 我们计划今天下午正常后去游泳。 *It's never too early to start planning for the future. 开始规划未来永远不会太早。 plan n. 计划 have a plan 有计划 make a plan 制定计 e.g. *Do you have any plans for the summer? 这个夏天你有什么打算？ *Don’t worry – I have a plan. 别担心，我有计划。 25 1) 周末你有什么计划？ What’s your _______ _______ this weekend? 2) 孩子们计划去动物园。 The children plan _______ _______ to the zoo. 3) 他们正在制定计划吗？ Are they _______ _______ _______? 【语境应用】完成句子请根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 plan for  to go  making a plan 3. People are quite stressed recently and I want to help. 最近人们压力很大，我想帮忙。 quite adv. 很；较为 e.g. The talent show was quite boring. 这场才艺秀很无聊。 quite a few 相当多 e.g. We saw quite a few apples on the trees. 我们看见树上有相当多的苹果。 quite +(a / an)+形容词+名词 e.g. He’s quite a good soccer player. 他是个相当不错的足球运动员。 quite与very都可以修饰形容词或副词，这时二者可以互换。 e.g. The picture on the wall is quite / very beautiful. 挂在墙上的画非常漂亮。 quite作为副词还可修饰动词，而very不能修饰动词。 e.g. Anna quite likes listening to music. Ann很喜欢听音乐。 【语境应用】 选择quite或very填空。 1) Robert is __________ an active boy in class. 2) Jane sings ___________ well. 3) Molly __________ wants to buy that book.  quite      very / quite   quite Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 8 When did it happen? What happen? How did you feel about it? What have you learnt from it? I have shared…with… for / since… Sharing really brings… Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me… One day… How does sharing make you feel? It makes me feel… allow v. 使有可能 e.g. WeChat allows people to communicate with each other easier.  微信让人们相互交流更容易。 Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me… allow v. 允许，容许，准许 allow sb. to do sth. / allow doing sth. e.g. Our teacher allows us to go out for a walk after class. 我们老师允许我们课后出去散步。 They don’t allow talking loudly in the library. 他们不允许在图书馆里大声说话。 A: When did it happen? B: It happened last year. It was our school trip to City Park. A: What happened? B: My classmate Lin Mei forgot to bring her lunch. She was hungry and sad. A: That’s really bad. Who helped her? B: I shared my fried rice with her. Two other classmates shared their fruit and milk with her. A: You were really kind! How did you feel? B: It made me feel happy. A: What have you learnt from it? B: Sharing really brings us closer as friends. Since then, I've also shared many things with other friends. A: That's very nice. A: When did it happen? B: It happened… A: What happened? B: … A: That’s really… What did you do? B: I shared... with… A: You were really kind! How does sharing make you feel? B: It makes me feel... A: What have you learnt from it? B: Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me… A: That’s very nice. 讲述了一次与分享有关的经历。 描述了在这次经历中的感受。 描述了在这次经历中得到的启示。 尽可能多地使用了本版块的核心词汇和Useful expressions中的表达。 正确使用了现在完成时。(for, since) 表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，也可以借助现在完成时。该用法中的动词多是延续性动词。 在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，常用how long。 现在完成时 for since for/since 后接时间段r 后接时间点r for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago r 后跟延续性动词 根据所给汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 自从Jim开始在我们学校学习以来，他已经学到了很多关于中国文化的知识。 Jim ________ ________ a lot about Chinese culture ________ he began to study in our school. 2. Milly学习日语大约八年了，所以她的日语说得很好。 Milly ________ _________ Japanese ________ about eight years, so she can speak Japanese very well. has learned / learnt has studied / learned since  for  I CAN 通过情境体验，能够了解含有目标语言for / since的现在完成时句型的基本结构 能够在实际运用中体会和领悟语言形式的表意功能，创造性地连接自我生活经验，解决现实问题。 39 Must do: Discuss your experience of sharing. Complete your writing. Choose to do Preview Developing ideas. Homework Lavf59.14.100 52374.773 $