衔接点11 一般现在时（讲义，全国通用）英语小升初衔接

衔接点11 一般现在时（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1.一般现在时的定义及标志词 2.第三人称单数（三单）变化规则 3.四大基本句型转换 1.一般现在时的用法 2.一般现在时的构成 衔接引导 小学阶段： 小学阶段主要侧重认识一般现在时，学生借助 often、usually、every day 等明显时间标志词判断时态，只需掌握基础动词变形，考点浅显直观。 常见题型为： ①用所给单词的正确形式填空 ②在选词填空中选择合适动词形式填空 ③单项选择题 ④连词成句 初中阶段： 初中阶段要求吃透一般现在时全部用法，除经常性动作外，还要掌握客观真理、客观事实、常态特征等隐性用法，可脱离标志词依靠上下文语境判断，考题综合性更强，出题形式灵活多变。 主要的题型为： ①用所给单词的适当形式填空 ②选择合适的词，用其正确的形式填空 ③句型转换（肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句互换） ④句子改错题 ⑤短文填空和完形填空 ⑥书面表达 小学一般现在时考点梳理 核心定义：表示经常性、习惯性动作 / 状态；客观真理、客观事实；长期不变的特征、爱好。 一、高频时间标志词（填空 / 单选必考） 1. 频度副词（放主语后、实义动词前） always 总是 > usually 通常 > often 经常 > sometimes 有时 > seldom 很少 > never 从不 例句：I often get up at seven. 2. 短语标志 every + 名词：every day/every morning/every week/every year on Sundays /on Monday（每逢周几，复数表每周） in spring（一年四季、固定季节） once a week 一周一次，twice a month 一月两次 3. 真理类无标志词 The sun rises in the east. 太阳东升。 二、第三人称单数（三单）变化规则（必考笔试题） 行为动词在主语是“三单”时，动词要加后缀，这是小学最核心的考点。 1. 什么是“三单”主语？（记这四类） 他/她/它：he, she, it 单个人名/称呼：Tom, My mother, Miss Li 单数可数事物：The dog, A book, This apple 不可数名词：Water, Milk, Bread (水不会自己跑步，但做主语时算单数) 2. 动词加后缀的规则（与名词变复数类似）： 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 直接加 s read→reads， swim→swims 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾 加 es watch→watches， go→goes， do→does 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i+es fly→flies， study→studies (注意：元音+y，如play→plays 直接加s) 特殊情况（have） 变为 has I have → He has 三、四大基本句型转换（句式结构） 这是试卷上“改写句子”的拿分关键。一定要分阵营操作： 句型 阵营A（Be动词） 阵营B（行为动词） 肯定句 She is a teacher. She likes dogs. 否定句 直接在后面加not She is not (isn't) a teacher. 借助助动词 don't/doesn't 注意：动词变回原形！ She doesn't like dogs. (去掉likes的s) 一般疑问句 Be动词提前 Is she a teacher? 助动词 Do/Does 提到句首 注意：动词变回原形！ Does she like dogs? (去掉likes的s) 肯定/否定回答 Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 超级重要考点（逢考必坑）：在否定句和疑问句中，does 一旦出现，后面的动词必须打回原形！这是小学丢分第一名的陷阱。 错误：Does he likes reading? （双重三单了） 正确：Does he like reading? 即学即练习 1．I want to learn from Alice because she ________ very hard every day. A．work B．works C．is working D．worked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想向爱丽丝学习，因为她每天工作都很努力。时间状语“every day”提示句子时态为一般现在时；主语“she”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式，所以应填works。 2．She always ________ a book before going to bed . A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她总是在睡前读一本书。read读（动词原形或过去式）；reads动词第三人称单数；reading现在分词；to read动词不定式。句中always表示经常性动作，是一般现在时的标志词，且句子缺少谓语。主语She是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式reads。故选B。 3．—How do you keep healthy? —I ________ for at least an hour every day after school. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．swimming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你如何保持健康？——我每天放学后至少游泳一个小时。swim游泳（动词原形）；swam游泳（过去式）；swims游泳（第三人称单数）；swimming游泳（现在分词）。根据时间状语“every day”可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语是“I”，谓语动词应该用原形。 4．Ben ________ magic tricks very much. He ________ some magic tricks at my birthday party yesterday. A．likes; performed B．likes; performs C．liked; performs D．like; performed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：本非常喜欢魔术。他昨天在我的生日聚会上表演了一些魔术。考查动词时态。根据“Ben…magic tricks very much.”可知，“喜欢魔术”是习惯性喜好，用一般现在时，主语Ben是第三人称单数，故第一空填likes；根据“yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故第二空填performed。故选A。 5．The dog ________ running in the park. A．like B．likes C．liking D．liked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这只狗喜欢在公园里跑步。句子描述的是一般性事实，即狗的习性，应用一般现在时，主语“The dog”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，应填likes。 6．Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！这本书里有一些关于交通安全的信息。考查There be句型和时态。根据“Look! There...some information about traffic safety in this book.”可知，用一般现在时，主语“some information”是不可数名词，故选A。 易混易错 易错 1：does /doesn’t 后面动词必须变回原形 错：Does he likes music? 对：Does he like music? 易错 2：be 动词和实义动词不能共存 错：He is like dogs. 对：He likes dogs. 易错 3：频度副词位置 实义动词前：She often walks to school. be 动词后：She is often late. 易错 4：客观真理永远用一般现在时，不受时间影响 The earth goes around the sun.（哪怕主句是过去式，真理仍用现三单） 易错 5：every day 分开作状语；everyday 合起来是形容词 “日常的” I go to school every day. everyday life 日常生活 解题方略 1.圈出时间标志词，锁定一般现在时 2.划出主语，判断是否第三人称单数 3.看句式：肯定 / 否定 / 疑问 4.否定、疑问有 do/does → 动词用原形 5.肯定无助动词：三单变 s/es，非三单用原形 6.检查拼写（y、ch/sh/o 结尾变形） 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．My friend Jack ________ sports. He only ________ them on TV. A．like; watch B．likes; watch C．like; watches D．likes; watches 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的朋友杰克喜欢运动。他只在电视上观看运动。考查主谓一致。第一空主语“My friend Jack”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式likes；第二空主语“He”也是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式watches。故选D。 2．Mike usually ________ TV after dinner, but now he ________ a book. A．watches; is reading B．watches; reads C．is watching; reads D．is watching; is reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克通常晚饭后看电视，但现在他正在读书。考查动词时态辨析。watches看，一般现在时；is reading正在读，现在进行时；reads读，一般现在时；is watching正在看，现在进行时。根据“usually”可知，前半句表示经常性习惯，用一般现在时；根据now可知，后半句表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。故选A。 3．—Look! The boy in blue ________ a science magazine. —Yes, he always ________ reading during break time. A．reads; is enjoying B．is reading; enjoys C．read; is enjoying D．is reading; is enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩正在读一本科学杂志。——是的，他总是在课间休息时享受阅读。考查动词时态。reads读，用于一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；is enjoying正在享受，用于现在进行时；is reading正在读，用于现在进行时；enjoys享受，用于一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。分析句子结构及结合Look可知，第一空表示正在发生的动作，时态应用现在进行时，其结构为“be doing”；再结合第二空所在句中的频率副词always及选项可知，第二空表示习惯性行为，时态为一般现在时，应用动词三单形式作谓语。故选B。 4．The sun ______ in the east every morning. A．rise B．rises C．rose D．is rising 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每天早晨太阳从东方升起。考查动词时态。根据“every morning”可知句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故选B。 5．I ________ to school by bike yesterday, but today I ________ to school on foot. A．go; go B．went; go C．go; went D．went; went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我昨天骑车去上学，但是今天我步行上学。考查动词时态。根据“yesterday”可知，第一句是一般过去时，动词用过去式went；根据“today”可知，第二句是一般现在时，动词用原形go。故选B。 6．—________ Tom often go to the library? —Sometimes. He ________ some books from the library last week. A．Did; borrowed B．Does; borrows C．Does; borrowed D．Did; borrows 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆经常去图书馆吗？——有时去。上周他从图书馆借了一些书。考查一般现在时和一般过去时。Did助动词，在一般过去时中引导一般疑问句；Does助动词，修饰主语为第三人称单数形式，在一般现在时中引导一般疑问句；borrowed借，动词过去式；borrows借，动词三单形式。结合问句中的时间状语often可知，问句询问经常性行为，时态一般现在时，且问句的主语Tom为第三人称单数，应用助动词Does引导一般疑问句；再结合答句中的时间状语“last week”可知，该句表明动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，应用动词的过去式borrowed作谓语。故选C。 7．My cousin ________ reading books. Look! She ________ in the library now. A．like; reads B．likes; reads C．like; is reading D．likes; is reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我表妹喜欢读书。看！她现在正在图书馆里读书。考查主谓一致和动词时态。第一空陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语“My cousin”为第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式“likes”；第二空根据“Look!”和“now”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时“is reading”。故选D。 8．My family often ________ the country park in spring or autumn. A．visit B．visited C．are visiting D．are going to visit 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的家人经常在春天或秋天去参观郊野公园。考查动词时态。根据“often”可知，句子描述的是经常性的动作，所以应该用一般现在时，主语“My family”表示“我的家人”，是复数概念，所以谓语动词用原形“visit”。故选A。 9．My sister usually ________ to school at 7:30 a.m. A．go B．goes C．went D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的妹妹通常在早上7:30去上学。考查动词时态。句中“usually”表示习惯性动作，需用一般现在时；主语“My sister”是第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式“goes”。故选B。 10．My brother likes playing basketball very much. He ________ basketball with his friends every Saturday afternoon. A．play B．plays C．played D．will play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的哥哥非常喜欢打篮球。他每个星期六下午都和他的朋友们打篮球。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“every Saturday afternoon”可知，动作为习惯性发生，需用一般现在时；主语He是第三人称单数，因此动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 二、单词拼写 11．Lisa’s pet cat is very cute. She ________ (like) it very much. 【答案】likes 【详解】句意：莉萨的宠物猫很可爱。她非常喜欢它。句子前半句“Lisa’s pet cat is very cute”使用一般现在时，描述客观事实。后半句主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“like”需用第三人称单数形式“likes”，保持时态一致。 12．My uncle ________ (have) a big farm. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：我叔叔有一个大农场。主语是第三人称单数形式，一般现在时have变has，故填has。 13．Ms Brown ________ (be) our English teacher. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：布朗女士是我们的英语老师。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语单数，be动词用is。 14．My grandpa always ________ (watch) TV in the evening. 【答案】watches 【详解】句意：我爷爷总是在晚上看电视。根据句子中的“always”可知，该句描述的是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时。主语“My grandpa”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“watch”要相应地变为第三人称单数形式“watches”。故填watches。 15．They often ________ (play) basketball after school. 【答案】play 【详解】句意：他们经常在放学后打篮球。play“玩”，动词；根据“often”可知，句子描述经常性习惯，应用一般现在时。主语“They”为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填play。 16．My father is a teacher. He ________ (teach) Chinese in our school. 【答案】teaches 【详解】句意：我爸爸是一名教师，他在我们学校教语文。句子描述的是日常的职业行为（一般现在时），主语“He”是第三人称单数，“teach”的第三人称单数形式是“teaches”。故填teaches。 17．The park ________ people to walk their dogs there. (allow) 【答案】allows 【详解】句意：这个公园允许人们在那里遛狗。本句描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时；主语The park是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，allow的第三人称单数形式为allows。故填allows。 18．My brother ________ (go) to school by bike every morning. 【答案】goes 【详解】句意：我的哥哥每天早上骑自行车去上学。根据“every morning”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“My brother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，go的第三人称单数为goes。故填goes。 19．He usually ________ (get) up at 6:30 a.m. and has breakfast. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：他通常在早上六点半起床然后吃早餐。get up“起床”，动词短语；句中usually是一般现在时的标志词，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数形式，get的第三人称单数是gets。故填gets。 20．She ________ (study) hard and stays healthy. 【答案】studies 【详解】句意：她学习很努力，而且保持着健康的状态。根据“and stays”可知，此处用一般现在时态，主语she是第三人称单数，因为study要用第三人称单数形式studies。故填studies。 三、完成句子 21．汤姆不整洁，他的磁带到处都是。 Tom isn’t tidy. His tapes ________ ________. 【答案】 are everywhere 【详解】句中“到处都是”需用“be动词+everywhere”表达。根据句中“Tom isn’t tidy”可知使用的是一般现在时，后句时态需保持一致。主语His tapes为复数，be动词用are。 22．我叔叔每天花费大量时间打网球。 My uncle ________ a lot of time ________ tennis every day. 【答案】 spends playing 【详解】原句中“花费”和“打”是关键词，分别对应单词“spend”和“play”。表示“某人花费时间做某事”常用结构为sb. spend time doing sth.。主语My uncle是第三人称单数，且时间状语every day表明句子为一般现在时，因此谓语动词spend需变为spends。根据短语搭配，动词play需使用动名词形式playing。 23．格林一家每天做早操。 The Greens ________ ________ __________ every morning. 【答案】 do morning exercises 【详解】原句中“做早操”是关键词，对应的英文是“do morning exercises”，其中“do”为动词，“morning exercises”为名词短语，共三个单词，正好填入三个空。主语The Greens指一家人，视为复数，一般现在时用动词原形do。故填do; morning; exercises。 24．猕猴桃的名字来自几维鸟。 The name of the kiwi fruit ________ ________ kiwi birds. 【答案】 comes from 【详解】据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“来自”。“come from”是固定搭配，意为“来自”。句子主语“The name of the kiwi fruit”是单数，且句子为一般现在时，因此动词come使用第三人称单数形式comes。故填comes；from。 25．她和她父母住在一起。 She ________ ________ her parents . 【答案】 lives with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“与……住在一起”，英文表达为live with，陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，主语she为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填lives；with。 26．琳达每次去旅行都会拍照。 Linda ________ ________ every time she takes a trip. 【答案】 takes photos/pictures 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“拍照”，译为takes photos/pictures，是固定搭配；结合“every time”可知用一般现在时，主语“Linda”后接动词第三人称单数形式takes。 故填takes；photos/pictures。 27．我妹妹每天都听音乐。 My sister ________ _________ music every day. 【答案】 listens to 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空处应该填的是“听”，listen to music“听音乐”，由“every day”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语“My sister”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词listen要用第三人称单数形式listens。故填listens；to。 28．我姐姐看起来不同。她个头矮而且留着棕色的长发。 My sister ________ ________. She is short and she has long brown hair. 【答案】 looks different 【详解】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“看起来不同”，look“看起来”，different“不同的”，本句为一般现在时，主语是My sister，动词look用三单形式looks。故填looks；different。 29．我有时在傍晚6:30去购物。 I ________ go ________ at 6:30 p. m.. 【答案】 sometimes shopping 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“有时”和“购物”。sometimes表示“有时”；go shopping固定搭配，表示“购物”。故填sometimes；shopping。 30．我们经常在周末一起看电影。 We often ________ ________ together on weekends. 【答案】 watch movies/films 【详解】根据often和on weekends可知，此句时态为一般现在时，固定短语watch movies/films“看电影”，主语是第一人称，动词用原形。故填watch；movies/films。 【培优提升】 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I have a good friend. We are in the same class and he 31 very kind. 32 name is Li Ming. He lives near my home, so we often go to school by 33 bike together every day. We both like English very much. When I can’t find my dictionary in class, I often borrow 34 dictionary to look up new words. We also practice speaking English with each other and read 35 in the library after class. On weekends, we can 36 basketball together in the park near our neighborhood. He always helps me 37 my math. “Does he like music?” You may ask. Yes, he 38 . He sings very 39 and sometimes he teaches me to sing English songs. 40 everyone thinks he is a good friend! Do you think so? 31．A．is B．am C．are 32．A．Him B．He C．His 33．A．a B．/ C．the 34．A．Li Ming B．Li Mings’ C．Li Ming’s 35．A．book B．books C．book’s 36．A．play B．plays C．playing 37．A．with B．on C．to 38．A．do B．does C．likes 39．A．nice B．good C．well 40．A．So B．But C．Or 【答案】 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者和好朋友李明在同一个班级，他们经常一起上学、学习、玩耍，李明还经常帮助作者学习数学，并且擅长唱歌，大家都认为他是一个好朋友。 【详解】31．句意：我们在同一个班级，他非常善良。 is是（be的第三人称单数形式）；am是（be的第一人称单数形式）；are是（be的第二人称单复数及复数形式）。主语“he”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。 32．句意：他的名字是李明。 Him他（宾格）；He他（主格）；His他的（形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词）。根据“name”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词。故选C。 33．句意：他住在我家附近，所以我们每天经常一起骑自行车上学。 a一个（不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；/不填；the这个（定冠词）。“by bike”表示“骑自行车”，中间不加冠词。故选B。 34．句意：当我在课堂上找不到我的字典时，我经常借李明的字典来查新单词。 Li Ming李明；Li Mings’李明们的（名词所有格，复数形式）；Li Ming’s李明的（名词所有格）。根据“dictionary”可知，此处指借李明的字典，用名词所有格Li Ming’s。故选C。 35．句意：我们还在课后一起练习说英语，并在图书馆读书。 book书（单数）；books书（复数）；book’s书的（名词所有格）。根据“read...”可知，此处指读书，用复数形式books。故选B。 36．句意：周末，我们可以一起在我们社区附近的公园打篮球。 play玩（动词原形）；plays玩（动词第三人称单数形式）；playing玩（现在分词或动名词）。情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故选A。 37．句意：他总是帮助我学习数学。 with和……一起；on在……上；to到……。help sb with sth表示“帮助某人做某事”。故选A。 38．句意：是的，他喜欢。 do做（动词原形或助动词）；does做（动词第三人称单数形式或助动词）；likes喜欢（动词第三人称单数形式）。根据“Yes”可知，此处是肯定回答，用助动词does。故选B。 39．句意：他唱得很好，有时他教我唱英文歌。 nice美好的（形容词）；good好的（形容词）；well好地（副词）。根据“sings”可知，此处用副词well修饰动词。故选C。 40．句意：所以每个人都认为他是一个好朋友！ So所以（表示因果关系）；But但是（表示转折关系）；Or或者（表示选择关系）。根据“He sings very...and sometimes he teaches me to sing English songs.”可知，前后句是因果关系，用so连接。故选A。 五、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 act  put  problems  at  always  modern  same  my  because  are  plays  life My name is Kate Smith and I am a 13-year-old student. I like my school. It’s very beautiful and 41 . My classroom is clean and big. There 42 twenty brown chairs and twenty white desks in it. Each desk has a drawer. We can 43 our school things in it. In my class, each student can sit in different places 44 we change our seats every week. This week, Jenny sits next to me. Jenny is good 45 maths. She often helps me work out maths 46 . Jenny is also in the 47 club as me. After school, we 48 go to the club together. I have all kinds of subjects at school. Of them, 49 favourite is PE. My PE teacher is kind to us. She always 50 games with us. In her classes, we always have lots of fun. I really enjoy my school life. 【答案】 41．modern 42．are 43．put 44．because 45．at 46．problems 47．same 48．always 49．my 50．plays 【导语】本文主要讲述了13岁学生Kate的学校生活，包括学校环境、班级安排、同学互助及喜爱的课程等内容。 41．句意：它非常漂亮且现代化。根据语境及所给词，modern“现代化的”是形容词，与“beautiful”并列描述学校，符合语义。故填modern。 42．句意：教室里有二十把棕色椅子和二十张白色书桌。“there be”句型遵循 “就近原则”，靠近be动词的“chairs”是复数，因此用“are”。故填are。 43．句意：我们可以把学习用品放在里面。“put”表示“放置”，“can”后接动词原形，符合“把物品放进抽屉”的语境。故填put。 44．句意：在我的班级里，每个学生可以坐在不同的位置，因为我们每周换座位。根据前后句的因果关系，用连词“because”表示“因为”。故填because。 45．句意：Jenny擅长数学。“be good at”是固定搭配，意为“擅长……”。故填 at。 46．句意：她经常帮我解决数学难题。problems“难题”是名词复数，符合“解决数学问题”的语境。故填problems。 47．句意：Jenny 和我在同一个俱乐部。“the same”是固定搭配，意为“相同的”，符合“和我在同一个俱乐部”的语义。故填 same。 48．句意：放学后，我们总是一起去俱乐部。always“总是”是副词，修饰动词“go”，体现频率。故填always。 49．句意：其中，我最喜欢的是体育。my“我的”是形容词性物主代词，修饰“favourite”，表示“我的最爱”。故填my。 50．句意：她总是和我们一起玩游戏。“plays games”是固定搭配，主语“She”是第三人称单数，因此用“plays”。故填plays。 六、短文填空 Baduanjin (八段锦) is a kind of Qigong. It 51 (have) a history of over 800 years, from the Song Dynasty. It is one of the oldest health exercises in China. Baduanjin is different 52 other sports like ball games or swimming. Baduanjin is slow and people 53 (usual) do it with soft music, so it’s a good way for the old people 54 (relax), but young people are now also getting 55 (interest) in it. Yesterday, I learnt a lot about Baduanjin by watching videos on Bilibili, and one of the teaching 56 (video) has been viewed over 10 million times. Why does Baduanjin become so popular? 57 it’s a great sport for office workers and school students, as they often sit at the desk. It helps stop the pain (疼痛) in 58 (they) necks and backs after long working hours. “I do Baduanjin for about half 59 hour every day.” A young man said, “It gives me a 60 (health) lifestyle and helps me sleep better and get stronger.” Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise, is becoming more and more popular among young people around the world. 【答案】 51．has 52．from 53．usually 54．to relax 55．interested 56．videos 57．Because 58．their 59．an 60．healthy 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统的健身运动——八段锦的历史、特点以及它在现代社会中越来越受各个年龄段人群欢迎的原因。 【详解】51．句意：它有800多年的历史，源于宋朝。主语It（指代Baduanjin）是第三人称单数，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，动词have变为has。 52．句意：八段锦不同于球类或游泳等其他运动。固定搭配be different from 表示“与……不同”，故填from。 53．句意：八段锦节奏缓慢，人们通常伴着轻柔的音乐来做……修饰动词do需用副词，形容词usual的副词形式是usually（通常）。 54．句意：所以它是老年人放松的好方式。固定句型It is a good way for sb. to do sth.表示“对某人来说做某事是好方法”，因此用to relax。 55．句意：但现在年轻人也开始对它产生兴趣。固定搭配get interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，需用形容词interested。 56．句意：昨天我在B站上了解了很多关于八段锦的内容，其中一个教学视频的播放量超过了1000万次。one of the+复数名词表示 “……之一”，名词video要变为复数videos。 57．句意：为什么八段锦变得如此受欢迎？因为它对上班族和学生来说是一项很棒的运动。前文提出问题Why...?，此处需用Because引导原因状语从句，注意句首单词首字母需大写。 58．句意：它能帮助缓解他们长时间伏案后颈部和背部的疼痛。修饰名词necks and backs需用形容词性物主代词，人称代词they变为their（他们的）。 59．句意：“我每天大约练半小时八段锦。” 固定表达half an hour表示“半小时”，hour以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 60．句意：一位年轻人说：“它让我拥有健康的生活方式，帮我睡得更好、变得更强壮。”修饰名词lifestyle需用形容词，名词health的形容词形式是healthy（健康的）。 初中一般现在时考点梳理 考向一：一般现在时的用法 ①表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。 I often take a walk in the park. 我经常在公园散步。 ②表示客观事实、真理。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 ③在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go bike riding in the open air. 如果明天不下雨，我将在户外骑自行车。 I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。 ④表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start，begin，leave，go，come，arrive，return，take place等。 考向二：一般现在时的构成 在一般情况下用动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s，o，x，ch，sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i，再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has be→am/is/are 【易错提醒】 1.表示客观真理时，宾语从句不受主句的限制，用一般现在时。 2.if 条件状语从句中可用shall 或will 表示意愿，但不表示时态。 3.be ,like ,hate, sound, believe, want, belong等，常用一般现在时。 4.句型I hope, I bet等候面的that...从句及句型 make sure that从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 典例示范 1．—Yesterday, Tom ________ his grandparents with his parents. —He usually ________ to see them on weekends, right? A．visits; go B．visited; goes C．visited; go D．visits; goes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天，汤姆和他的父母去拜访了他的祖父母。——他通常在周末去看望他们，对吗？ 根据第一句中的时间状语“Yesterday”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，第一空填visited；根据第二句中的频度副词“usually”以及主语“He”可知，句子描述的是一种习惯性、经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，且谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，第二空填goes。 2．My mum usually ________ some reading after dinner. Look! She ________ a magazine now. A．does; is reading B．is doing; reads C．does; reads D．is doing; is reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈通常晚饭后阅读。看！她现在正在看一本杂志。 usually是一般现在时标志，主语my mum为三单用does；Look和now是现在进行时标志，主语she搭配is reading。 3．I ________ long hair and my sister ________ short hair. A．have; have B．have; has C．has; has D．has; have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我留着长发，我的妹妹留着短发。本句时态为一般现在时，第一空主语为第一人称单数“I”，谓语动词用原形have；第二空主语“my sister”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用has。 4．The earth ________ around the sun. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地球围绕太阳转。考查动词时态和主谓一致。go去，动词原形；goes去，动词第三人称单数；went去，动词过去式；going去，现在分词/动名词。根据句意，地球围绕太阳转是一个永恒的科学事实，需用一般现在时；主语“The earth”是第三人称单数，因此动词必须用第三人称单数形式“goes”。故选B。 5．The colourful lights ________ this tree ________ very pretty. A．makes; look B．makes; looks C．make; look D．make; looks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：彩灯使这棵树看起来很漂亮。本句为一般现在时，主语The colourful lights是复数，第一空谓语动词用make；make sb./sth. do sth.表示“使某人/某物做某事”，第二空用动词原形look。 6．—________ your pictures. They’re very nice. —Thanks. A．Here is B．Here are C．He is D．She is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是你的照片，它们非常漂亮。——谢谢。 考查倒装句和主谓一致。Here这里；He他；She她。空格后your pictures为复数形式，be动词应用are。故选B。 7．The train ________ at 8:00 tomorrow morning. A．leave B．leaves C．will leave D．is leaving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：火车明天早上8点出发。考查一般现在时表示将来的用法。一般现在时可以用来表示按照计划或时刻表安排的将来事件，尤其适用于交通工具（如火车、飞机等）的出发时间。“at 8:00 tomorrow morning”是将来时间，火车出发通常是按照时刻表等既定安排，所以这里用一般现在时，主语“the train”是第三人称单数，leave要用第三人称单数形式leaves。故选B。 即学即练习 1．—________ your brother like animals? —Yes, he ________ with the dog every day. A．Does; plays B．Does; play C．Do; plays D．Do; play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥喜欢动物吗？——是的，他每天都和狗一起玩。问句主语“your brother”是第三人称单数，句中有实义动词“like”，构成一般疑问句需借助助动词“Does”；答句主语“he”是第三人称单数，根据时间状语“every day”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词play需用第三人称单数形式plays。 2．My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football. A．cleans; plays B．is cleaning; is playing C．cleans; is playing D．is cleaning; plays 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥通常放学后打扫他的房间，但现在他正在踢足球。第一空根据“usually”可知，是经常性、习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语“My brother”是第三人称单数，动词用cleans；第二空根据“now”可知，是正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，结构为“be+动词现在分词”，主语he对应的be动词是is，play的现在分词形式是playing。故填cleans；is playing。 3．David ________ so hard. He is always the first to come and the last to leave. A．will work B．works C．worked D．are working 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫工作很努力。他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。考查一般现在时。根据“He is always the first to come and the last to leave.”可知，他平时很努力，描述一般事实，用一般现在时。故选B。 4．—There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room. —Oh, really? Shall we go there this afternoon? A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们学校阅览室里有很多新杂志。—— 哦，真的吗？我们今天下午去那里好吗？ 考查there be句型的主谓一致。根据“There...a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.”可知，句子属于“There be句型”，遵循“就近原则”，主语“a lot of new magazines”是复数，且对话描述当前情况，时态应用一般现在时，be动词应用are。故选B。 5．Look! Here ________. She is my good friend. A．the girl is B．she is C．is she D．Helen is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！她在这里。她是我的好朋友。考查倒装句结构。the girl is非倒装句；she is正常语序；is she倒装句；Helen is正常语序。根据“Here...”可知当here/there位于句首且主语是名词时，句子需用完全倒装（Here/There + 动词 + 名词主语），当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装，应为“Here she is”。故选B。 6．—Can you help me find out when the bus will leave? —Look at the screen (屏幕). The next bus ________ at 10:00 PM. A．will leave B．is leaving C．leave D．leaves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能帮我查一下公交车什么时候发车吗？ ——看屏幕。下一班公交车晚上10点发车。 考查一般现在时表示将来。leave表示“出发”时可以用一般现在时表示将来。表示已经安排好的事情，例如火车，飞机等交通工具的出发时间。此句表示公交车的出发时间，需要用一般现在时表示将来，因此排除A和B两项；再根据主语bus可知是单数名词作主语，因此谓语动词用三单形式，故用leaves。故选D。 解题方略 步骤 1：判断是否用一般现在时（两层判断） 显性标志：often, usually, always, sometimes, every…, once a week 无标志看语境，满足任意一条即用一般现在时： ① 长期习惯、日常动作；② 客观真理、常识；③ 客观状态、物品属性； ④ 时间 / 条件状语从句表将来（主将从现，从句用现三单 / 原形）。 步骤 2：判断主语，确定动词形式 主语三单（he/she/it/ 单数人名 / 单数名词 / 不定代词）→动词变三单； 主语 I/you/ 复数名词 / 复数人称→动词用原形。 步骤 3：句式变形规则（单选、句型转换专用） 否定句：三单主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形；其他人称 + don’t + 动词原形； 一般疑问句：Does + 三单主语 + 动词原形；Do + 其余主语 + 动词原形； be 动词句直接把 am/is/are 提前 / 后加 not，不加 do/does。 步骤 4：特殊场景固定规则 客观真理：无论主句什么时态，从句永远一般现在时； 主将从现：if/when/until 引导从句，从句用一般现在时表将来； there be：遵循就近原则，看靠近 be 动词的名词单复数。 步骤 5：检查避坑（做完必核对） 有助动词 do/does/doesn’t，后面动词必须是原形； 一句话不能同时出现 be 动词和实义动词原形； 核对三单变形规则，y、o、ch、sh 结尾重点复查； 代入整句通读，判断逻辑与时态是否匹配。 【基础通关】 一、单词拼写 1．Sometimes Lin Tao ________ (join) our school art festival to show the paper-cutting. 【答案】joins 【详解】句意：林涛有时会参加我们学校的艺术节来展示剪纸。根据“sometimes”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语Lin Tao是第三人称单数，谓语动词join用三单形式joins。 2．The boy ________ (not like) drawing. He thinks it’s hard for him. 【答案】doesn’t like 【详解】句意：这个男孩不喜欢画画。他认为这对他来说很难。主语The boy为第三人称单数，一般现在时的否定需借助助动词doesn’t，后接动词原形like。故填doesn’t like。 3．They ________ (read) a book every week. 【答案】read 【详解】句意：他们每周读一本书。时间状语every week表示“经常性、习惯性”的动作，应用“一般现在时”，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形read。 4．Daniel ________ (want) to be a scientist one day. 【答案】wants 【详解】句意：Daniel希望有朝一日成为一名科学家。本句描述长久的理想，使用一般现在时，主语“Daniel”是第三人称单数，谓语动词要变形为三单形式。 5．He often ________ (play) football with his friends after school. 【答案】plays 【详解】句意：他经常放学后和朋友们踢足球。频度副词often代表一般现在时；主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词play要使用第三人称单数形式plays。 6．My mother often ________ (do) housework in the afternoon. 【答案】does 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常在下午做家务。句中“often”是一般现在时标志，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数。一般现在时中，三单主语后的动词要变三单形式，“do”的三单形式是“does”，应填does。 7．Simon sometimes ________ (watch) games on TV. 【答案】watches 【详解】句意：西蒙有时在电视上观看比赛。根据sometimes可知，句子应用一般现在时；主语Simon为第三人称单数，动词watch应用第三人称单数形式watches。 8．Leather ________ (feel) cold and hard in winter. 【答案】feels 【详解】句意：皮革在冬天摸起来冰凉又坚硬。本句描述皮革的固有特性，使用一般现在时；主语leather是不可数名词，视为单数，感官系动词feel要使用第三人称单数形式feels。 9．My brother usually ________ (fly) kites with me at weekends. 【答案】flies 【详解】句意：我哥哥经常在周末陪我放风筝。根据频率副词usually，可知句子是一般现在时；主语my brother是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式flies。 10．When the Chinese New Year ________ (come), people often say gong xi fa cai to each other. 【答案】comes 【详解】句意：当中国新年来临时，人们经常互相说恭喜发财。句子是when引导的时间状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，come的第三人称单数是comes。 二、单项选择 11．—________ Jim have a basketball? —No, he ________. A．Does; doesn’t B．Do; don’t C．Is; isn’t D．Does; does 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Jim有一个篮球吗？——不，他没有。根据“Jim”可知，主语是第三人称单数，句中“have”为实义动词，构成一般疑问句需借助助动词Does；根据“No”可知，回答为否定形式，即doesn’t。 12．Bob always ________ in the park but now he ________ in his room. A．plays; studies B．is playing; studies C．is playing; is studying D．plays; is studying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Bob总是在公园玩，但现在他正在房间里学习。根据“always”可知，第一空是描述经常性、习惯性的动作，用一般现在时，主语Bob是第三人称单数，谓语动词用plays；根据“now”可知，第二空是描述此时此刻正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语是he，谓语用is studying。 13．Our neighbors are very kind, because they often ________ us ________ all kinds of problems. A．help; / B．helps; / C．help; with D．helps; with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的邻居非常善良，因为他们经常帮助我们解决各种问题。主语they是复数，谓语动词用原形help；固定搭配help sb. with sth. 表示“在某方面帮助某人”，第二空填with。 14．—What do you do on Sunday morning? —We often ________ butterflies (蝴蝶) in the park. A．catching B．catches C．catch D．to catch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你周日早上做什么？——我们经常在公园里捉蝴蝶。根据答语中的频度副词“often”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“We”是复数，谓语动词应用原形。故选C。 15．My brother _______ playing football. A．like B．likes C．liking D．to like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我哥哥喜欢踢足球。 考查动词时态。描述现在的能力/特征/性格要用一般现在时，主语“My brother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式likes。故选B。 16．The sun ________ in the east and ________ in the west. A．rise; set B．rises; sets C．rose; set D．is rising; setting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。考查一般现在时和主谓一致。rise升起，set落下；rises升起，第三人称单数形式，sets落下，第三人称单数形式；rose升起，过去式，set落下，过去式；is rising正在升起，现在进行时，setting正在落下，现在进行时。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语“the sun”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式，即“rise”变为“rises”，“set”变为“sets”。故选B。 17．The weather ________ cloudy now, but it ________ sunny this afternoon. A．is; will be B．are; is C．will be; is D．are; will be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在天气多云，但今天下午将是晴朗的。根据now可知第一空描述现在状态，用一般现在时，主语The weather是单数，be动词用is；根据“this afternoon”可知，第二空表示将来预测，应用一般将来时will be。 18．—Here ________ some books and a pen for you. —Thanks, but I don’t like(喜欢) ________. A．is; it B．is; them C．are; they D．are; them 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是给你的一些书和一支钢笔。——谢谢，但是我不喜欢它们。考查主谓一致以及代词辨析。here be是倒装句，遵循“就近原则”，离be动词最近的主语books是复数形式，be动词用are。they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格。在动词like后用人称代词宾格作宾语，故选D。 19．—When does the Yaohan Centre ________ on Saturday? —At 10:30 p.m. The shopping center ________ for about twelve hours. Let’s go shopping. A． opens; is open B．open; is open C．opens; open D．open; opens 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——耀汉中心星期六什么时候开放？——晚上十点半。购物中心大约开放12个小时。我们去购物吧。考查动词时态和形容词用法。根据“When does the Yaohan Centre”可知，本句时态为一般现在时， 助动词does后跟动词原形；“for about twelve hours”是一个持续的时间段，谓语应用持续性动词，动词open“打开”是非延续性动词，则此处应用形容词open作表语，表示“打开的”，主语the shopping center是第三人称单数，be动词应用is。故选B。 20．Tom with his parents ________ to visit his grandparents once a month. A．go B．to go C．will go D．goes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆和他的父母每个月去看望他的祖父母一次。主语Tom后跟with his parents时，谓语动词应跟主语Tom保持一致，为第三人称单数。时间状语“once a month”表示时态为一般现在时，所以谓语用动词的三单形式，应用goes。 三、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。 get one’s money’s worth, try to, manage, make a budget, matter, at the beginning, coin, in need, spend, do with 21．My mother money well. She never wastes money. 22．My family always save money every month. 23．We don't have much money, so my father every month. 24．Time for us students. We should value it. 25．Good shopping habits can . 26．They raise money to help the children . 27．I make a plan for my study of the term. 28．As we know, every has two sides. 29．We should learn what to our red packets. 30．It is a good idea to manage money and have habits. 【答案】 21．manages 22．tries to 23．makes a budget 24．matters 25．get our money’s worth 26．in need 27．at the beginning 28．coin 29．do with 30．spending 【详解】21．句意：我妈妈很会理财，她从不乱花钱。根据后文“never wastes money”和备选词可知此处表示管理钱财；manage意为“管理”，主语my mother是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，动词用三单形式manages。 22．句意：我们家每个月都尽力存钱。根据“save money”及备选短语可知此处表示尽力做某事；try to意为“尽力”，主语my family表家庭整体视作单数，一般现在时动词用三单tries to 23．句意：我们家没多少钱，所以爸爸每个月都会做预算。根据前文没钱的语境及备选短语可知此处指制定预算；make a budget意为“做预算”，主语my father为三单，一般现在时动词用三单makes a budget。 24．句意：时间对我们学生很重要，我们应当珍惜它。根据后一句“value it”和备选词可知此处表示要紧、重要；matter意为“要紧，有重大影响”，主语time是不可数名词，一般现在时动词用三单matters。 25．句意：良好的购物习惯能让我们物有所值。根据“shopping habits”购物相关语境及备选短语可知此处表示花得值；get one’s money worth意为“物有所值”，主语是habits，对应物主代词our，can后接动词原形。 26．句意：他们筹钱去帮助有困难的孩子。根据“help the children”及备选短语可知此处作后置定语，表示有需要的；in need意为“处于困境、有需要”，固定短语直接作后置修饰语。 27．句意：我会在学期初制定学习计划。根据“make a plan”制定计划的时间逻辑及备选短语可知此处表示开端；at the beginning意为“在……开端”，固定搭配at the beginning of（在……之初）。 28．句意：众所周知，任何事物都有两面性。固定谚语every coin has two sides，coin意为“硬币”，every后接可数名词单数。 29．句意：我们应当学会如何处理我们的红包。根据“red packets”红包及备选短语可知此处表示处理；do with意为“处理”，固定结构what to do with（如何处理某物）。 30．句意：理财并养成理性消费的习惯是个好主意。根据“manage money”理财语境及备选词可知此处表示花钱；spend意为“花费”，此处修饰habits需变为动名词作定语spending。 【培优提升】 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意， 根据语法和上下文连贯的要求， 从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Lily is a 12-year-old girl. She enjoys 31 the piano and wants to play in a big music competition (比赛). When the competition 32 , she is 33 to wear her best dress and go to the competition. Lily tries her best in the competition 34 when the winners are announced (宣布), she isn’t one of them. She feels sad. Then, a man looks at her and says, “ 35 do you look so sad? You play very well!” Lily is surprised to hear this. 36 man tells her, “Keep playing the piano and you will win one day.” Lily feels a warm feeling. She makes 37 with the man and goes home with a new hope. Months later, Lily goes to another competition. This time, she wins first prize! She is so happy and she also thinks 38 the kind man. This story shows us that a friendly greeting can help someone 39 better. It’s good to be nice to others because it can make a big difference in 40 life. 31．A．play B．to play C．playing 32．A．comes B．come C．came 33．A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 34．A．and B．but C．or 35．A．Why B．How C．What 36．A．A B．The C．An 37．A．friends B．friend’s C．friend 38．A．of B．over C．about 39．A．feels B．felt C．feel 40．A．them B．their C．my 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．A 36．B 37．A 38．A 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文讲述了一个12岁女孩莉莉参加钢琴比赛的故事。 【详解】31．句意：她喜欢弹钢琴，并且想参加一场大型音乐比赛。 enjoy doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，应用playing。play为动词原形，so play结构错误。 32．句意：当比赛到来时，她很兴奋地穿上她最好的裙子去参加比赛。 本文主体时态为一般现在时，主语the competition是单数第三人称，谓语动词应用comes。come为动词原形，came为过去式，均不符合时态和主谓一致要求。 33．句意：她很兴奋地穿上她最好的裙子去参加比赛。 主语she是人，应用excited表示“感到兴奋的”；exciting用于修饰事物，意为“令人兴奋的”；excitedly是副词，修饰动词，此处作表语应用形容词。故应用excited。 34．句意：莉莉在比赛中尽了最大努力，但当获奖者被宣布时，她不在其中。 前后句存在转折关系——尽力了却没有获奖，应用but。and表顺承，or表选择。 35．句意：你为什么看起来这么难过？ 根据答语“You play very well!”可知，男士询问她难过的原因，应用Why。How询问方式或程度，What询问内容，均不符合。 36．句意：那个男人告诉她：“继续弹钢琴，总有一天你会赢的。” 前文已提及a man，此处再次提到同一人，应用定冠词The表示特指。A和An均为不定冠词，用于首次提及。 37．句意：她和那个男人交了朋友，带着新的希望回家了。 make friends with sb. 是固定搭配，意为“与某人交朋友”，应用friends。friend’s是所有格形式，friend为单数，均不符合固定搭配。 38．句意：她很高兴，也想起这个善良的男人。 of……的；over超过；about关于。根据“she also thinks…the kind man.”可知是指想起这个男人，think of“想起”；think about“考虑”意思不符合。 39．句意：这个故事告诉我们，友好的问候可以帮助某人感觉更好。 help sb. do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，应用feel。feels为第三人称单数形式，felt为过去式。 40．句意：对别人好是件好事，因为它可以在他们的生活中产生很大的影响。 此处指代前文提到的其他人，应用their表示“他们的”。them是宾格，my“我的”指代错误。 五、短文填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m Alice, an English girl. I live in London 41 my parents and sister. We often have four meals (餐) a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. On weekdays, we always have a quick breakfast. My sister and I only have some bread and then go to school 42 we don’t want to be late. My father drinks some coffee and my mother 43 (have) some salad. We don’t have lunch at home on weekdays. My parents have it in the restaurant. My sister and I have it at school. Tea time is usually at about 4:00 pm. We have cakes, chocolate or 44 (banana). Dinner is often after 7:00 pm. My parents often give 45 (we) a big meal. I like the food for dinner. There 46 (be) vegetables, chicken and fish. After dinner, we often do some sports. My mother usually runs for 47 hour with my sister. I play ping-pong with my father at the park. And I’m 48 (interest) in it. The biggest meal of a week is the Sunday roast (周日烤肉大餐). It is a relaxing time. We have roast beef, lamb (羊肉) and some salad 49 Sunday afternoon. After that, my sister often eats some ice-cream, but I don’t. I don’t want 50 (get) fat. 【答案】 41．with 42．because 43．has 44．bananas 45．us 46．are 47．an 48．interested 49．on 50．to get 【导语】本文主要讲述英国女孩爱丽丝介绍自家一日四餐的饮食安排、餐后活动，以及特色的周日烤肉大餐和个人饮食习惯。 【详解】41．句意：我和父母以及姐姐住在伦敦。live with为固定搭配，意为“与……一起居住”。 42．句意：我和姐姐只吃一些面包然后去上学，因为我们不想迟到。前后句为因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句。 43．句意：我父亲喝一些咖啡，我母亲吃一些沙拉。由“and”和前文“drinks”可知，此处用have的第三人称单数形式has。 44．句意：我们吃蛋糕、巧克力或香蕉。根据“cakes”和“or”可知，也需使用banana的复数形式bananas表示泛指。 45．句意：我的父母经常给我们一顿丰盛的饭。give后接人称代词宾格作宾语，we的宾格为us。 46．句意：有蔬菜、鸡肉和鱼。there be句型中，be动词与后面最近的主语保持一致，主语“vegetables”为复数，用are。 47．句意：我母亲通常和我姐姐跑步一小时。hour以元音音素/aʊ/开头，且表示“一小时”，用不定冠词an。 48．句意：我对它很感兴趣。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，主语I为人，用interested。 49．句意：我们在星期天下午吃烤牛肉、羊肉和一些沙拉。表示在具体的某一天下午用介词on。 50．句意：我不想变胖。want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，后接不定式to get。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $衔接点11 一般现在时（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1.一般现在时的定义及标志词 2.第三人称单数（三单）变化规则 3.四大基本句型转换 1.一般现在时的用法 2.一般现在时的构成 衔接引导 小学阶段： 小学阶段主要侧重认识一般现在时，学生借助 often、usually、every day 等明显时间标志词判断时态，只需掌握基础动词变形，考点浅显直观。 常见题型为： ①用所给单词的正确形式填空 ②在选词填空中选择合适动词形式填空 ③单项选择题 ④连词成句 初中阶段： 初中阶段要求吃透一般现在时全部用法，除经常性动作外，还要掌握客观真理、客观事实、常态特征等隐性用法，可脱离标志词依靠上下文语境判断，考题综合性更强，出题形式灵活多变。 主要的题型为： ①用所给单词的适当形式填空 ②选择合适的词，用其正确的形式填空 ③句型转换（肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句互换） ④句子改错题 ⑤短文填空和完形填空 ⑥书面表达 小学一般现在时考点梳理 核心定义：表示经常性、习惯性动作 / 状态；客观真理、客观事实；长期不变的特征、爱好。 一、高频时间标志词（填空 / 单选必考） 1. 频度副词（放主语后、实义动词前） always 总是 > usually 通常 > often 经常 > sometimes 有时 > seldom 很少 > never 从不 例句：I often get up at seven. 2. 短语标志 every + 名词：every day/every morning/every week/every year on Sundays /on Monday（每逢周几，复数表每周） in spring（一年四季、固定季节） once a week 一周一次，twice a month 一月两次 3. 真理类无标志词 The sun rises in the east. 太阳东升。 二、第三人称单数（三单）变化规则（必考笔试题） 行为动词在主语是“三单”时，动词要加后缀，这是小学最核心的考点。 1. 什么是“三单”主语？（记这四类） 他/她/它：he, she, it 单个人名/称呼：Tom, My mother, Miss Li 单数可数事物：The dog, A book, This apple 不可数名词：Water, Milk, Bread (水不会自己跑步，但做主语时算单数) 2. 动词加后缀的规则（与名词变复数类似）： 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 直接加 s read→reads， swim→swims 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾 加 es watch→watches， go→goes， do→does 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i+es fly→flies， study→studies (注意：元音+y，如play→plays 直接加s) 特殊情况（have） 变为 has I have → He has 三、四大基本句型转换（句式结构） 这是试卷上“改写句子”的拿分关键。一定要分阵营操作： 句型 阵营A（Be动词） 阵营B（行为动词） 肯定句 She is a teacher. She likes dogs. 否定句 直接在后面加not She is not (isn't) a teacher. 借助助动词 don't/doesn't 注意：动词变回原形！ She doesn't like dogs. (去掉likes的s) 一般疑问句 Be动词提前 Is she a teacher? 助动词 Do/Does 提到句首 注意：动词变回原形！ Does she like dogs? (去掉likes的s) 肯定/否定回答 Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 超级重要考点（逢考必坑）：在否定句和疑问句中，does 一旦出现，后面的动词必须打回原形！这是小学丢分第一名的陷阱。 错误：Does he likes reading? （双重三单了） 正确：Does he like reading? 即学即练习 1．I want to learn from Alice because she ________ very hard every day. A．work B．works C．is working D．worked 2．She always ________ a book before going to bed . A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 3．—How do you keep healthy? —I ________ for at least an hour every day after school. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．swimming 4．Ben ________ magic tricks very much. He ________ some magic tricks at my birthday party yesterday. A．likes; performed B．likes; performs C．liked; performs D．like; performed 5．The dog ________ running in the park. A．like B．likes C．liking D．liked 6．Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book. A．is B．are C．was D．were 易混易错 易错 1：does /doesn’t 后面动词必须变回原形 错：Does he likes music? 对：Does he like music? 易错 2：be 动词和实义动词不能共存 错：He is like dogs. 对：He likes dogs. 易错 3：频度副词位置 实义动词前：She often walks to school. be 动词后：She is often late. 易错 4：客观真理永远用一般现在时，不受时间影响 The earth goes around the sun.（哪怕主句是过去式，真理仍用现三单） 易错 5：every day 分开作状语；everyday 合起来是形容词 “日常的” I go to school every day. everyday life 日常生活 解题方略 1.圈出时间标志词，锁定一般现在时 2.划出主语，判断是否第三人称单数 3.看句式：肯定 / 否定 / 疑问 4.否定、疑问有 do/does → 动词用原形 5.肯定无助动词：三单变 s/es，非三单用原形 6.检查拼写（y、ch/sh/o 结尾变形） 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．My friend Jack ________ sports. He only ________ them on TV. A．like; watch B．likes; watch C．like; watches D．likes; watches 2．Mike usually ________ TV after dinner, but now he ________ a book. A．watches; is reading B．watches; reads C．is watching; reads D．is watching; is reading 3．—Look! The boy in blue ________ a science magazine. —Yes, he always ________ reading during break time. A．reads; is enjoying B．is reading; enjoys C．read; is enjoying D．is reading; is enjoying 4．The sun ______ in the east every morning. A．rise B．rises C．rose D．is rising 5．I ________ to school by bike yesterday, but today I ________ to school on foot. A．go; go B．went; go C．go; went D．went; went 6．—________ Tom often go to the library? —Sometimes. He ________ some books from the library last week. A．Did; borrowed B．Does; borrows C．Does; borrowed D．Did; borrows 7．My cousin ________ reading books. Look! She ________ in the library now. A．like; reads B．likes; reads C．like; is reading D．likes; is reading 8．My family often ________ the country park in spring or autumn. A．visit B．visited C．are visiting D．are going to visit 9．My sister usually ________ to school at 7:30 a.m. A．go B．goes C．went D．will go 10．My brother likes playing basketball very much. He ________ basketball with his friends every Saturday afternoon. A．play B．plays C．played D．will play 二、单词拼写 11．Lisa’s pet cat is very cute. She ________ (like) it very much. 12．My uncle ________ (have) a big farm. 13．Ms Brown ________ (be) our English teacher. 14．My grandpa always ________ (watch) TV in the evening. 15．They often ________ (play) basketball after school. 16．My father is a teacher. He ________ (teach) Chinese in our school. 17．The park ________ people to walk their dogs there. (allow) 18．My brother ________ (go) to school by bike every morning. 19．He usually ________ (get) up at 6:30 a.m. and has breakfast. 20．She ________ (study) hard and stays healthy. 三、完成句子 21．汤姆不整洁，他的磁带到处都是。 Tom isn’t tidy. His tapes ________ ________. 22．我叔叔每天花费大量时间打网球。 My uncle ________ a lot of time ________ tennis every day. 23．格林一家每天做早操。 The Greens ________ ________ __________ every morning. 24．猕猴桃的名字来自几维鸟。 The name of the kiwi fruit ________ ________ kiwi birds. 25．她和她父母住在一起。 She ________ ________ her parents . 26．琳达每次去旅行都会拍照。 Linda ________ ________ every time she takes a trip. 27．我妹妹每天都听音乐。 My sister ________ _________ music every day. 28．我姐姐看起来不同。她个头矮而且留着棕色的长发。 My sister ________ ________. She is short and she has long brown hair. 29．我有时在傍晚6:30去购物。 I ________ go ________ at 6:30 p. m.. 30．我们经常在周末一起看电影。 We often ________ ________ together on weekends. 【培优提升】 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I have a good friend. We are in the same class and he 31 very kind. 32 name is Li Ming. He lives near my home, so we often go to school by 33 bike together every day. We both like English very much. When I can’t find my dictionary in class, I often borrow 34 dictionary to look up new words. We also practice speaking English with each other and read 35 in the library after class. On weekends, we can 36 basketball together in the park near our neighborhood. He always helps me 37 my math. “Does he like music?” You may ask. Yes, he 38 . He sings very 39 and sometimes he teaches me to sing English songs. 40 everyone thinks he is a good friend! Do you think so? 31．A．is B．am C．are 32．A．Him B．He C．His 33．A．a B．/ C．the 34．A．Li Ming B．Li Mings’ C．Li Ming’s 35．A．book B．books C．book’s 36．A．play B．plays C．playing 37．A．with B．on C．to 38．A．do B．does C．likes 39．A．nice B．good C．well 40．A．So B．But C．Or 五、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 act  put  problems  at  always  modern  same  my  because  are  plays  life My name is Kate Smith and I am a 13-year-old student. I like my school. It’s very beautiful and 41 . My classroom is clean and big. There 42 twenty brown chairs and twenty white desks in it. Each desk has a drawer. We can 43 our school things in it. In my class, each student can sit in different places 44 we change our seats every week. This week, Jenny sits next to me. Jenny is good 45 maths. She often helps me work out maths 46 . Jenny is also in the 47 club as me. After school, we 48 go to the club together. I have all kinds of subjects at school. Of them, 49 favourite is PE. My PE teacher is kind to us. She always 50 games with us. In her classes, we always have lots of fun. I really enjoy my school life. 六、短文填空 Baduanjin (八段锦) is a kind of Qigong. It 51 (have) a history of over 800 years, from the Song Dynasty. It is one of the oldest health exercises in China. Baduanjin is different 52 other sports like ball games or swimming. Baduanjin is slow and people 53 (usual) do it with soft music, so it’s a good way for the old people 54 (relax), but young people are now also getting 55 (interest) in it. Yesterday, I learnt a lot about Baduanjin by watching videos on Bilibili, and one of the teaching 56 (video) has been viewed over 10 million times. Why does Baduanjin become so popular? 57 it’s a great sport for office workers and school students, as they often sit at the desk. It helps stop the pain (疼痛) in 58 (they) necks and backs after long working hours. “I do Baduanjin for about half 59 hour every day.” A young man said, “It gives me a 60 (health) lifestyle and helps me sleep better and get stronger.” Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise, is becoming more and more popular among young people around the world. 初中一般现在时考点梳理 考向一：一般现在时的用法 ①表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。 I often take a walk in the park. 我经常在公园散步。 ②表示客观事实、真理。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 ③在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go bike riding in the open air. 如果明天不下雨，我将在户外骑自行车。 I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。 ④表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start，begin，leave，go，come，arrive，return，take place等。 考向二：一般现在时的构成 在一般情况下用动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s，o，x，ch，sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i，再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has be→am/is/are 【易错提醒】 1.表示客观真理时，宾语从句不受主句的限制，用一般现在时。 2.if 条件状语从句中可用shall 或will 表示意愿，但不表示时态。 3.be ,like ,hate, sound, believe, want, belong等，常用一般现在时。 4.句型I hope, I bet等候面的that...从句及句型 make sure that从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 典例示范 1．—Yesterday, Tom ________ his grandparents with his parents. —He usually ________ to see them on weekends, right? A．visits; go B．visited; goes C．visited; go D．visits; goes 2．My mum usually ________ some reading after dinner. Look! She ________ a magazine now. A．does; is reading B．is doing; reads C．does; reads D．is doing; is reading 3．I ________ long hair and my sister ________ short hair. A．have; have B．have; has C．has; has D．has; have 4．The earth ________ around the sun. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 5．The colourful lights ________ this tree ________ very pretty. A．makes; look B．makes; looks C．make; look D．make; looks 6．—________ your pictures. They’re very nice. —Thanks. A．Here is B．Here are C．He is D．She is 7．The train ________ at 8:00 tomorrow morning. A．leave B．leaves C．will leave D．is leaving 即学即练习 1．—________ your brother like animals? —Yes, he ________ with the dog every day. A．Does; plays B．Does; play C．Do; plays D．Do; play 2．My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football. A．cleans; plays B．is cleaning; is playing C．cleans; is playing D．is cleaning; plays 3．David ________ so hard. He is always the first to come and the last to leave. A．will work B．works C．worked D．are working 4．—There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room. —Oh, really? Shall we go there this afternoon? A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．Look! Here ________. She is my good friend. A．the girl is B．she is C．is she D．Helen is 6．—Can you help me find out when the bus will leave? —Look at the screen (屏幕). The next bus ________ at 10:00 PM. A．will leave B．is leaving C．leave D．leaves 解题方略 步骤 1：判断是否用一般现在时（两层判断） 显性标志：often, usually, always, sometimes, every…, once a week 无标志看语境，满足任意一条即用一般现在时： ① 长期习惯、日常动作；② 客观真理、常识；③ 客观状态、物品属性； ④ 时间 / 条件状语从句表将来（主将从现，从句用现三单 / 原形）。 步骤 2：判断主语，确定动词形式 主语三单（he/she/it/ 单数人名 / 单数名词 / 不定代词）→动词变三单； 主语 I/you/ 复数名词 / 复数人称→动词用原形。 步骤 3：句式变形规则（单选、句型转换专用） 否定句：三单主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形；其他人称 + don’t + 动词原形； 一般疑问句：Does + 三单主语 + 动词原形；Do + 其余主语 + 动词原形； be 动词句直接把 am/is/are 提前 / 后加 not，不加 do/does。 步骤 4：特殊场景固定规则 客观真理：无论主句什么时态，从句永远一般现在时； 主将从现：if/when/until 引导从句，从句用一般现在时表将来； there be：遵循就近原则，看靠近 be 动词的名词单复数。 步骤 5：检查避坑（做完必核对） 有助动词 do/does/doesn’t，后面动词必须是原形； 一句话不能同时出现 be 动词和实义动词原形； 核对三单变形规则，y、o、ch、sh 结尾重点复查； 代入整句通读，判断逻辑与时态是否匹配。 【基础通关】 一、单词拼写 1．Sometimes Lin Tao ________ (join) our school art festival to show the paper-cutting. 2．The boy ________ (not like) drawing. He thinks it’s hard for him. 3．They ________ (read) a book every week. 4．Daniel ________ (want) to be a scientist one day. 5．He often ________ (play) football with his friends after school. 6．My mother often ________ (do) housework in the afternoon. 7．Simon sometimes ________ (watch) games on TV. 8．Leather ________ (feel) cold and hard in winter. 9．My brother usually ________ (fly) kites with me at weekends. 10．When the Chinese New Year ________ (come), people often say gong xi fa cai to each other. 二、单项选择 11．—________ Jim have a basketball? —No, he ________. A．Does; doesn’t B．Do; don’t C．Is; isn’t D．Does; does 12．Bob always ________ in the park but now he ________ in his room. A．plays; studies B．is playing; studies C．is playing; is studying D．plays; is studying 13．Our neighbors are very kind, because they often ________ us ________ all kinds of problems. A．help; / B．helps; / C．help; with D．helps; with 14．—What do you do on Sunday morning? —We often ________ butterflies (蝴蝶) in the park. A．catching B．catches C．catch D．to catch 15．My brother _______ playing football. A．like B．likes C．liking D．to like 16．The sun ________ in the east and ________ in the west. A．rise; set B．rises; sets C．rose; set D．is rising; setting 17．The weather ________ cloudy now, but it ________ sunny this afternoon. A．is; will be B．are; is C．will be; is D．are; will be 18．—Here ________ some books and a pen for you. —Thanks, but I don’t like(喜欢) ________. A．is; it B．is; them C．are; they D．are; them 19．—When does the Yaohan Centre ________ on Saturday? —At 10:30 p.m. The shopping center ________ for about twelve hours. Let’s go shopping. A． opens; is open B．open; is open C．opens; open D．open; opens 20．Tom with his parents ________ to visit his grandparents once a month. A．go B．to go C．will go D．goes 三、选词填空 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。 get one’s money’s worth, try to, manage, make a budget, matter, at the beginning, coin, in need, spend, do with 21．My mother money well. She never wastes money. 22．My family always save money every month. 23．We don't have much money, so my father every month. 24．Time for us students. We should value it. 25．Good shopping habits can . 26．They raise money to help the children . 27．I make a plan for my study of the term. 28．As we know, every has two sides. 29．We should learn what to our red packets. 30．It is a good idea to manage money and have habits. 【培优提升】 四、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意， 根据语法和上下文连贯的要求， 从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Lily is a 12-year-old girl. She enjoys 31 the piano and wants to play in a big music competition (比赛). When the competition 32 , she is 33 to wear her best dress and go to the competition. Lily tries her best in the competition 34 when the winners are announced (宣布), she isn’t one of them. She feels sad. Then, a man looks at her and says, “ 35 do you look so sad? You play very well!” Lily is surprised to hear this. 36 man tells her, “Keep playing the piano and you will win one day.” Lily feels a warm feeling. She makes 37 with the man and goes home with a new hope. Months later, Lily goes to another competition. This time, she wins first prize! She is so happy and she also thinks 38 the kind man. This story shows us that a friendly greeting can help someone 39 better. It’s good to be nice to others because it can make a big difference in 40 life. 31．A．play B．to play C．playing 32．A．comes B．come C．came 33．A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 34．A．and B．but C．or 35．A．Why B．How C．What 36．A．A B．The C．An 37．A．friends B．friend’s C．friend 38．A．of B．over C．about 39．A．feels B．felt C．feel 40．A．them B．their C．my 五、短文填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m Alice, an English girl. I live in London 41 my parents and sister. We often have four meals (餐) a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. On weekdays, we always have a quick breakfast. My sister and I only have some bread and then go to school 42 we don’t want to be late. My father drinks some coffee and my mother 43 (have) some salad. We don’t have lunch at home on weekdays. My parents have it in the restaurant. My sister and I have it at school. Tea time is usually at about 4:00 pm. We have cakes, chocolate or 44 (banana). Dinner is often after 7:00 pm. My parents often give 45 (we) a big meal. I like the food for dinner. There 46 (be) vegetables, chicken and fish. After dinner, we often do some sports. My mother usually runs for 47 hour with my sister. I play ping-pong with my father at the park. And I’m 48 (interest) in it. The biggest meal of a week is the Sunday roast (周日烤肉大餐). It is a relaxing time. We have roast beef, lamb (羊肉) and some salad 49 Sunday afternoon. After that, my sister often eats some ice-cream, but I don’t. I don’t want 50 (get) fat. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $