暑假作业06 阅读理解（新闻报道）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦新闻报道阅读理解，构建“文本特征-命题规律-考向预测”三维方法体系，通过典型题材训练提升信息定位与逻辑推理能力，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |新闻阅读|3篇（科技突破/AI研究/月球洞穴）|倒金字塔结构分析、5W核心信息定位、细节题原文溯源、主旨题首段聚焦|文本特征（结构/语言/题材）→命题规律（题型配比/考点侧重）→考向预测（题材偏向/设问变化）递进逻辑|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06阅读理解（新闻报道） 文本特征 1. 结构：倒金字塔，导语首段概括 5W 核心信息，后文补充细节、采访、背景 2. 语言：客观陈述为主，穿插人物引语、数据、事件进程 3. 题材：社会热点、科技突破、文化活动、校园赛事、环保行动、民生实事 历年考情 1. 篇目位置：多 A/B 篇，篇幅 250–380 词，难度中等偏低 2. 题型配比：细节理解为主，搭配少量推理、词义猜测、主旨概括题 3. 选材：外刊短讯、校园快讯、国际简讯，贴合青少年认知 4. 考点侧重：信息定位、事件时间 / 人物 / 成果提取 命题规律 1. 细节题占七成：针对导语、数据、引语、事件举措设题，答案原文可定位 2. 主旨题聚焦首段导语，干扰项为局部片段信息 3. 人物引语高频设题：考查发言者立场、事件目的 4. 极少考查主观态度，文本中立客观，不出现褒贬强烈观点 5. 常设事件先后排序、数字比对类细节题型 考向预测 1. 题材偏向：青年实践、科技创新、非遗传播、低碳公益、中外文化交流活动 2. 命题变化：增加事件意义、举措作用类推理题，减少单纯找数字基础题 3. 文本形式：短讯 + 人物采访结合型新闻增多 4. 设问侧重：挖掘事件背后价值、活动开展初衷、长远影响 Passage 1 Nitrogen fertiliser (氮肥) is essential for modern agriculture but carries a heavy environmental price, contributing to water pollution and soil degradation. However, simply reducing its use is not a solution. Crops typically respond to nitrogen shortage by investing more in root growth to search for nutrients, often at the expense of shoot (茎叶) development and grain production. While adaptive in the wild, this root-shoot trade-off limits agricultural productivity. For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers from Nanjing Agricultural University, the University of Oxford, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. In experiments, the team found that a gene in rice called WRINKLED1a has distinct roles in the shoot and root. In the shoot, it switches on NGR5, a key gene that promotes branching. In the roots, WRINKLED1a supports nitrogen uptake, but also prevents the formation of a protein complex that would otherwise limit root growth. Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. From over 3,000 rice varieties, the team identified a naturally stronger version of the gene and used traditional plant breeding (育种) to cross it into varieties carrying a weaker form. Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use. Lead author Dr. Shan Li noted that WRINKLED1a helps rice avoid the usual “more roots, less shoot” situation under nitrogen limitation, supporting stable yields with lower nitrogen inputs. “The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes,” she added. 1．Which aspect of the root-shoot trade-off does the new study focus on? A．Its economic cost. B．Its nutritional demand. C．Its genetic mechanism. D．Its environmental impact. 2．What can we learn about WRINKLED1a? A．Its function varies in different tissues. B．Its effect is restricted to the shoot. C．It promotes protein complex formation. D．It reduces nitrogen levels in the roots. 3．What might the study help to do according to the text? A．Contribute to food diversity. B．Facilitate sustainable farming. C．Justify nitrogen fertiliser use. D．Advance rice breeding methods. 4．What do Dr. Shan Li’s words suggest? A．The limitation of the research. B．A challenge in applying the findings. C．The need to test the outcomes. D．A possible direction for further study. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文围绕农作物在缺氮环境下的根冠权衡现象展开，介绍科研团队成功锁定调控该现象的关键基因，改良水稻品种实现减肥增产，并展望该研究在其他农作物上的后续应用前景。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. (几十年来，控制这种根冠权衡的基因一直不为人知。在一项新研究中，研究人员不仅找到了关键基因，还证实改良水稻中的该基因，能让水稻在低氮环境下依旧维持茎叶正常生长与产量稳定。)”可知，这项新研究聚焦根冠权衡背后的基因运作机制。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. (有趣的是，WRINKLED1a基因不会在茎叶组织中抑制该蛋白质复合体的形成，这表明它的功能具有组织特异性。)”可知，该基因在不同植物组织中作用不同。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. (这一突破最终有望减少农业对人工化肥的依赖。)”以及第四段“Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use.(在中国海南省和安徽省的三次田间试验中，使用这种改进版本的水稻在不同的氮肥条件下保持了更稳定的根冠平衡，在低化肥使用下产量增加了23.7%，在高化肥使用下增加了19.9%。)”可知，该研究能够减少化肥使用、兼顾增产与生态保护，助力可持续农业发展。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes. (下一步我们将研究小麦、玉米等其他农作物中是否存在同类基因，能否复刻相同的增产效果。)”可知，Shan Li博士的话指明了后续进一步研究的发展方向。 Passage 2 A recent study from Stanford University has found something worrying about artificial intelligence. When you ask AI for advice, it often just tells you what you want to hear. The researchers call this “sycophancy”, and it means the AI acts like a flattering friend who always agrees with you, even when you are clearly wrong. The study, published in the journal Science, tested popular chatbots like ChatGPT and Gemini. The team fed the AI models stories from the Reddit forum “Am I The Asshole.” In these stories, the public had already decided the person telling the story was in the wrong. The results were surprising. Compared to real human advice, the AI agreed with the user’s bad behavior about forty-nine percent more often. It even agreed with people who described harmful actions nearly half of the time. The researchers then wanted to know how this constant agreement changes our minds. In the second period of the study, they had over two thousand people talk to either a flattering AI or a neutral AI about personal problems. The people who talked to the flattering AI felt much more confident that they were right, even if they were not. They also became less willing to apologize or change their actions. Strangely, these same people said they trusted the AI more and wanted to use it again. The findings are particularly alarming given that nearly one-third of U.S. teens now turn to AI for “serious conversations”, using these systems as alternatives to human interaction during critical developmental stages. “This creates perverse incentives for sycophancy to persist: The very feature that causes harm also drives engagement”, the study warns. The research team believes that developers and policymakers need to pay attention to this issue and find ways to make AI more honest and helpful, rather than just agreeable. After all, sometimes the best advice is not what we want to hear, but what we need to hear. 5．What is the core finding of the Stanford study regarding AI’s advice? A．AI’s advice is more reliable than human advice. B．AI tends to support users even when they are wrong. C．AI refuses to deal with complex moral issues. D．AI’s advice is mainly based on online forum data. 6．What can be inferred about the people who talked to the flattering AI? A．They thought flattering AI less intelligent but more fun. B．They insisted their opinions that were considered wrong by AI. C．They trusted the flattering AI more but changed their minds less. D．Most of them could easily tell the flattering AI from the neutral one. 7．What does the phrase “perverse incentives” in the last paragraph refers to? A．Financial rewards for engagement. B．An unintended but harmful motivation. C．Double-edged effects of biased AI. D．AI's internal goal to learn from feedback. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the study? A．Objective. B．Optimistic. C．Critical. D．Concerned. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学关于AI“谄媚”现象的研究，指出其倾向于迎合用户而非提供客观建议，并警示其潜在风险。 【解析】5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When you ask AI for advice, it often just tells you what you want to hear. The researchers call this “sycophancy”, and it means the AI acts like a flattering friend who always agrees with you, even when you are clearly wrong. (当你向AI寻求建议时，它往往只会告诉你你想听的话。研究人员称之为“谄媚”，这意味着AI表现得像一个总是同意你观点的奉承朋友，即使你明显错了。)”可知，斯坦福大学研究的核心发现是AI倾向于支持用户，即使他们是错的。 6．推理判断题。 根据第三段中“The people who talked to the flattering AI felt much more confident that they were right, even if they were not. They also became less willing to apologize or change their actions. Strangely, these same people said they trusted the AI more and wanted to use it again. (与谄媚AI交谈的人即使错了，也更确信自己是对的。他们也变得更不愿意道歉或改变行为。奇怪的是，这些人表示他们更信任该AI，并希望再次使用它。)”可知，与谄媚AI交谈的人更信任它，但更少改变自己的想法。 7．词句猜测题。 根据最后一段中“This creates perverse incentives for sycophancy to persist: The very feature that causes harm also drives engagement (这为谄媚现象的持续创造了“perverse incentives”：导致伤害的特征同时也推动了用户参与度。)”可知，perverse incentives指的是一种非预期但有害的动机，即AI讨好用户虽然有害，但正因为这样用户才更愿意使用它，从而形成恶性循环。 8．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“The findings are particularly alarming given that nearly one-third of U.S. teens now turn to AI for “serious conversations”, using these systems as alternatives to human interaction during critical developmental stages. (这些发现尤其令人担忧，因为目前近三分之一的美国青少年会借助AI进行“严肃对话”，在关键发育阶段将这些系统作为人际互动的替代手段。)”和“After all, sometimes the best advice is not what we want to hear, but what we need to hear. (毕竟，有时候最好的建议不是我们想听的，而是我们需要听的。)”可知，作者对这项研究持关注和担忧的态度。 Passage 3 Researchers have found evidence of a huge underground cave on the moon that is accessible from the surface, making the spot a favourable location to build a future lunar base. The cave appears reachable from an open pit (深坑) in the Mare Tranquillitatis, where the Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin first set foot on the moon. Analysis of data revealed that the Mare Tranquillitatis pit leads to a cave 45 metres wide and up to 80 metres long, about 150 metres beneath the surface. Lorenzo Bruzzone, of the University of Trento in Italy, said the cave was “probably an empty lava (熔岩) tube”, adding that such features could serve as human habitats in the future as they were “a natural shelter against the tough lunar environment”. Many pits spotted by lunar orbiters are thought to be “skylights” that connect to underground caves and giant underground tunnels. Such caves could form the basis for a base or an emergency shelter because the temperature is relatively stable inside and astronauts would be naturally sheltered from harmful space rays, solar radiation and micrometeorites (微陨石). The caves may contain water ice. “The main advantage of caves is that they make available the main structural parts of a possible human base without requiring complex construction activities,” said Leonardo Carrer, the study’s first author. Space agencies are wondering how to assess the structural stability of caves and strengthen their walls and ceilings. Habitats may also need monitoring systems to warn of earth movement and have separate areas for astronauts to withdraw to, should sections of their cave collapse. “Lunar cave systems have been proposed as great places to site future manned bases,” said Katherine Joy, a professor in Earth sciences. “However, we currently know very little about the underground structures below these pit entrances.” Robert Wagner, a researcher at Arizona State University, said one of the biggest challenges would be access. “It’s certainly possible to get in and out, but it will take a significant amount of construction of support systems.” 9．Which aspect of the cave do the researchers value most in the beginning? A．Its size. B．Its accessibility. C．Its location. D．Its depth. 10．Why is the lunar cave good for a future base? A．It offers shelter and basic structure. B．It contains large amounts of water ice. C．It makes building new tunnels easier. D．It is located near the Apollo 11 landing site. 11．What does Wagner stress about the cave? A．Its walls and ceilings need strengthening. B．Its entry requires engineering efforts. C．Little is known about its inner parts. D．It lacks a life support system. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Shelter Built in a Moon Cave B．Plans for a Moon Cave Base C．The Discovery of a Moon Cave D．The Hidden World of Lunar Caves 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了研究人员在月球发现一处可从地表进入的巨大地下洞穴，介绍了该洞穴的位置、规模、形成原因，分析了其适合建造月球基地的多重优势，同时指出目前仍存在结构稳定性、进入方式、内部构造未知等挑战。 【解析】9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers have found evidence of a huge underground cave on the moon that is accessible from the surface, making the spot a favourable location to build a future lunar base.(研究人员发现了月球上一处巨大地下洞穴的踪迹，该洞穴可从地表进入，这使其成为未来建造月球基地的理想地点。)”可知，研究人员起初最看重该洞穴可抵达、易进入的特性。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Such caves could form the basis for a base or an emergency shelter because the temperature is relatively stable inside and astronauts would be naturally sheltered from harmful space rays, solar radiation and micrometeorites.(这类洞穴可作为基地或紧急避难所的基础，因为洞内温度相对稳定，宇航员能天然免受有害太空射线、太阳辐射和微陨石的伤害。)” 以及第三段“The main advantage of caves is that they make available the main structural parts of a possible human base without requiring complex construction activities (洞穴的主要优势是无需复杂建造工程，就能为人类基地提供主体结构条件)” 可知，月球洞穴适合建未来基地，是因为它既能提供天然防护，又具备基地基础结构条件。 11．细节理解题。根据第五段““It’s certainly possible to get in and out, but it will take a significant amount of construction of support systems.”(“进出该洞穴固然可行，但这需要投入大量工程来建造配套支撑系统。”)”可知，Wagner强调洞穴的入口通行需要大量工程建设与技术投入。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers have found evidence of a huge underground cave on the moon that is accessible from the surface, making the spot a favourable location to build a future lunar base.(研究人员发现了月球上一处巨大地下洞穴的踪迹，该洞穴可从地表进入，这使其成为未来建造月球基地的理想地点。)”及全文内容可知，文章围绕月球一处新发现的地下洞穴展开，介绍其特征、建基地优势及现存挑战，核心围绕月球洞穴的发现与价值展开，故最合适的标题为C“月球洞穴的发现”。 Passage 1 A recently released film Dear You has touched millions with its quietly powerful story, but few knew that it was inspired by a true account of loyalty that spanned nearly two decades and two countries. The tale dates back to the 1940s, when Zheng Musheng left his wife Ye Shurou and their three children in the Chaoshan region of Guangdong to escape forced military service, heading to Southeast Asia — a journey then known as “going to Nanyang.” For twenty years, Shurou waited in their old house, raising the children alone. The only thread connecting her to her husband was the regular arrival of qiaopi — a unique form of remittance (汇款) letter that combined family news with funds. Every letter began the same way, “My wife Shurou, I hope this letter finds you well.” Those pieces of paper became her most treasured possessions. The truth, however, was cruelly different. Not long after arriving abroad, Zheng Musheng was killed while trying to protect fellow Chinese immigrants during a robbery. Shurou never knew. The person who picked up the pen and wrote in Musheng’s name was Xie Nanzhi, a second-generation Chinese immigrant in Thailand. Nanzhi had once been helped by Musheng, and when the death notice arrived, she found herself unable to deliver such heartbreaking news to a woman she had never met. Instead, she made an extraordinary choice: she hid the notice and began writing to Shurou, enclosing money from her own hard work. For eighteen years, Nanzhi maintained this quiet act of devotion, supporting two families while never marrying herself. The secret was finally uncovered when Shurou’s grandson traveled to Thailand looking for the grandfather he had never met. When the elderly Shurou eventually faced Nanzhi — who by then was suffering from Alzheimer’s disease — there were no dramatic conflicts. Nanzhi struggled to recognize her visitor and simply asked whether the salted pork she had sent decades ago was tasty. “It was good,” Shurou replied softly. “Then I’ll send more,” Nanzhi said. In an interview, the director noted that the film is a praise of qingyi, a Chinese concept including loyalty, gratitude, and a deep sense of moral responsibility toward others. “In an age of instant communication and temporary connections,” he said, “this story reminds us that the most enduring bonds are sometimes created not by blood, but by a silent commitment to another person’s wellbeing.” 1．What does the underlined word “qiaopi” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to? A．Traditional poems written by homesick Chinese travelers abroad. B．Diaries recording the daily struggles of early Chinese immigrants. C．Official identity documents issued by overseas Chinese organizations. D．Letters that overseas Chinese sent home, containing both personal messages and money. 2．How did Xie Nanzhi handle the news of Zheng Musheng’s death? A．She wanted to inherit Musheng’s property and business in Thailand. B．She was in love with Musheng and wished to stay connected to his family. C．She could not bear to tell Shurou the truth and decided to support her instead. D．Musheng made her promise before his death to take care of his wife and children. 3．What can be inferred about the meeting between Shurou and Nanzhi described in paragraph 4? A．Shurou angrily accused Nanzhi of cheating her for years. B．Shurou refused to forgive Nanzhi and left without accepting her kindness. C．Their conversation was full of deep emotions expressed through simple, everyday words. D．Nanzhi completely forgot everything about the letters and the support she had provided. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for this news report? A．The Rise and Fall of a Nanyang Businessman B．The Lost Art of Qiaopi: A Fading Cultural Tradition C．A Film’s Box-Office Success Built on Chaoshan Dialect D．Beyond Blood: How a Stranger’s Silent Devotion Spanned Two Families 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了电影《给阿嬷的情书》背后的真实故事：郑木生被迫下南洋后遇难，泰国华人谢南芝隐瞒死讯，以其名义写侨批 （含家书与汇款）支持其妻叶淑柔18年，展现了超越血缘的无声奉献与“情义”精神。 【解析】1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“qiaopi — a unique form of remittance (汇款) letter that combined family news with funds. Every letter began the same way, ‘My Wife Shurou, I hope this letter finds you well.’(qiaopi——一种独特的汇款信，结合了家庭消息与资金。每封信开头都是‘我的妻子淑柔，愿此信安好’)”可知，qiaopi(侨批)是海外华人寄回家、包含个人消息和汇款的信件。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“when the death notice arrived, she found herself unable to deliver such heartbreaking news to a woman she had never met. Instead, she made an extraordinary choice: she hid the notice and began writing to Shurou, enclosing money from her own hard work. (当死讯传来时，她发现自己无法将这令人心碎的消息告诉一个从未见过的女人。相反，她做出了一个非凡的选择：隐瞒死讯，开始给淑柔写信，并附上自己辛苦赚来的钱。)”可知，谢南芝因无法忍受告知真相的残忍，选择用写信和汇款支持叶淑柔。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“there were no dramatic conflicts. Nanzhi struggled to recognize her visitor and simply asked whether the salted pork she had sent decades ago was tasty. ‘It was good,’ Shurou replied softly. ‘Then I’ll send more,’ Nanzhi said. (没有戏剧性的冲突。南芝费力地认出来访者，只问她几十年前寄的咸猪肉是否好吃。‘很好吃，’淑柔轻声回答。‘那我再寄些，’南芝说。)”可知，两人对话简单日常，却暗含深厚情感。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In an interview, the director noted that the film is a praise of qingyi , a Chinese concept including loyalty, gratitude, and a deep sense of moral responsibility toward others.(在一次采访中，这位导演指出，这部电影是对“情义”的赞扬，这个汉语概念里包括忠诚、感激和对他人的深刻道德责任感。)”和“the most enduring bonds are sometimes created not by blood, but by a silent commitment to another person’s wellbeing.(最持久的纽带有时不是由血缘建立的，而是由对他人幸福的无声奉献建立的)”并结合全文可知，文章核心是谢南芝作为陌生人，以18年无声奉献连接两个家庭，体现超越血缘的“情义”。选项D“Beyond Blood: How a Stranger’s Silent Devotion Spanned Two Families (超越血缘：一个陌生人的无声奉献如何连接两个家庭)”最贴合主题，适合作标题。 Passage 2 After taking an introductory course in global health last winter, Yashaswi Bista, president of Stanford SupplyHer, was empowered to take action against malaria —a disease that has been claiming hundreds of thousands of lives every year for centuries. Stanford SupplyHer, a student group supporting women’s health through art, hosted an event in partnership with United to Beat Malaria (UBM) to encourage funding for malaria prevention, treatment and research initiatives while tabling at White Plaza last Monday. “Knowing that malaria is especially dangerous to pregnant individuals and children makes advocacy for malaria funding and research essential for our mission,” said Bista. “We in the U. S. need to be aware of the impact of global warming on malaria because less developed countries in other parts of the world are more heavily affected by our emissions,” Bista said. Last year, the U. S. experienced its first local outbreaks of malaria since 2003. Infectious disease experts have warned that climate change will spread malaria and other diseases carried by mosquitoes to areas that were once free of malaria. This summer, after discovering the work of UBM, a global grassroots campaign of the UN Foundation, Bista met with her congressional (国会的) representatives to advocate for malaria treatment and research. To support continued funding for global malaria programs, Bista wrote to officials in Congress. “It’s easy for people to feel like they are powerless with issues as big as malaria. But any person can give input to their decision makers on issues as big as these,” wrote Macgan Cross, a senior advocate at UBM. “By sending messages to your elected officials in support of global health funding, you are making sure your voice is heard.” Bista encouraged students to become involved in initiatives on campus to spread awareness of malaria and other global health issues. “Global health is important to me because there are so many health inequities (不平等) around the world and health itself is important to live a fulfilling life,” Bista said. “Because there are so many health inequities around the world, I want to raise awareness and help people live fulfilling lives.” 5．What inspired Bista to engage in actions against malaria? A．A learning experience. B．A health crisis. C．A grassroots campaign. D．A tabling event. 6．What did Bista do to support malaria prevention? A．She organized a charity sale. B．She launched a research project. C．She campaigned for fundraising. D．She budgeted for malaria treatment. 7．What is the message Maegan Cross intends to convey? A．Community voices secure health funding. B．Malaria outbreaks are difficult to prevent. C．The public needs more knowledge about health. D．Individual efforts matter in government decisions. 8．Which of the following best describes Bista? A．A health advocate. B．A club founder. C．A woman pioneer. D．A disease specialist. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了斯坦福大学的一个学生团体Stanford SupplyHer与United to Beat Malaria合作，在白广场举办活动，鼓励为疟疾的预防、治疗和研究计划提供资金的事情。 【解析】5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“After taking an introductory course in global health last winter, Yashaswi Bista, president of Stanford SupplyHer, was empowered to take action against malaria —a disease that has been claiming hundreds of thousands of lives every year for centuries.(去年冬天，斯坦福大学“Stanford SupplyHer”组织的主席Yashaswi Bista在修完一门全球健康入门课程后，获得了采取行动抗击疟疾的动力。疟疾这种疾病在几个世纪以来，每年都夺走数十万人的生命。)”可知，启发Bista采取行动抗击疟疾的是一次学习经历。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Stanford SupplyHer, a student group supporting women’s health through art, hosted an event in partnership with United to Beat Malaria(UBM)to encourage funding for malaria prevention, treatment and research initiatives while tabling at White Plaza last Monday.(“Stanford SupplyHer”是一个通过艺术来支持女性健康的学生团体。上周一，该团体与“联合抗击疟疾”组织合作，在怀特广场设摊举办了一场活动，旨在鼓励为疟疾的预防、治疗和研究项目提供资金支持。)”可知，Bista所在的组织与“联合抗击疟疾”组织合作举办活动，鼓励为疟疾的预防、治疗和研究项目提供资金支持。由此可知，Bista为支持疟疾预防所做的是为筹款进行宣传活动。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““It’s easy for people to feel like they are powerless with issues as big as malaria. But any person can give input to their decision makers on issues as big as these,” wrote Macgan Cross, a senior advocate at UBM. “By sending messages to your elected officials in support of global health funding, you are making sure your voice is heard.”(“联合抗击疟疾”组织的资深倡导者Macgan Cross写道：“面对像疟疾这样重大的问题，人们很容易觉得自己无能为力。但在这类重大问题上，任何人都可以向决策者表达自己的意见。通过向你选出的官员发送支持全球卫生事业资金投入的信息，你就能确保自己的声音被听到。”)”可知，Maegan Cross认为面对像疟疾这样重大的问题，人们很容易觉得自己无能为力，但实际上任何人都可以就这类重大问题向决策者表达自己的意见，通过向当选官员发送支持全球卫生事业资金投入的信息，就能确保自己的声音被听到。所以Maegan Cross想要传达的信息是个人努力在政府决策中很重要。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Bista在修完全球健康入门课程后，积极采取行动抗击疟疾。她所在的组织与“联合抗击疟疾”组织合作举办活动，鼓励为疟疾的预防、治疗和研究项目提供资金支持；她会见国会议员，为疟疾的治疗和研究进行呼吁；还写信给国会议员，支持对全球疟疾防治项目持续提供资金，并鼓励学生们参与校园里提高人们对疟疾和其他全球健康问题认识的活动。这些行为都表明她是健康问题尤其是抗击疟疾方面的倡导者。故选A。 Passage 3 A new groundbreaking study reveals a landmark breakthrough in the field of snakebite treatment. Researchers, led by David Baker from the University of Washington, have designed new proteins — unlike any found in nature — that can inactivate some of the most poisonous components of snake bite toxins (毒素). Snakebites represent a substantial global health issue, affecting millions of people each year. According to the World Health Organization, over 2 million people suffer from snakebites annually, with more than 100,000 deaths and 300,000 cases of permanent disabilities. Current treatment options, mainly obtained from animal blood, often present drawbacks, including high production costs, limited efficiency, and severe side effects, such as causing shock and breathing difficulties. In light of these challenges, Baker and his team have made effective use of deep learning tools to develop artificial proteins capable of attaching to and inactivating toxins. The study focuses on a specific group of snake proteins known as three-finger toxins. These toxins often bypass the immune (免疫的) system, making conventional treatments ineffective. Notably, the newly designed proteins provide significant protection against deadly amounts of three-finger toxins in mice, achieving survival rates ranging from 80% to 100%. By avoiding the lengthy and resource-intensive processes associated with conventional antibody development, this approach could lead to more accessible and affordable treatments. Also, the new proteins are smaller, allowing for greater penetration (渗透) into body systems to quickly inactivate the toxins and reduce damage. The efficiency and speed at which these proteins can be designed and produced using AI indicate a transformative shift in drug discovery processes, especially in resource-limited settings. While the study’s findings are encouraging, the researchers acknowledge that traditional antitoxins will remain central to snakebite treatment for the near future. The newly created computer-designed antitoxins can be integrated into existing treatment as additions, enhancing the overall effectiveness of established treatments. Meanwhile, scientists believe the new methods employed in this study could be beneficial to tackling other diseases, potentially leading to the emergence of less expensive medicines for various health challenges. 9．Which is a shortcoming of the current snakebite treatments? A．They mainly rely on animal blood. B．They are effective in certain regions. C．They can lead to serious health risks. D．They may leave toxins in patients’ bodies. 10．How did Baker’s team deal with the current challenges? A．By inventing deep learning tools. B．By identifying more snake toxins. C．By enhancing the immune system. D．By designing AI-generated proteins. 11．What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning Baker’s new study? A．Its advantages. B．Its strategies. C．Its procedures. D．Its limitations. 12．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The existing approaches are hard to change. B．The conventional treatments are out of date. C．The new methods might enlighten other treatments. D．The new antitoxins will be the core of future methods. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了一项科学家利用AI设计新型蛋白质，成功中和蛇毒的突破性研究。 【解析】 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Current treatment options, mainly obtained from animal blood, often present drawbacks, including high production costs, limited efficiency, and severe side effects, such as causing shock and breathing difficulties.(目前主要从动物血液中获取的治疗方案往往存在缺点，包括生产成本高、效率有限和严重的副作用，例如引起休克和呼吸困难)”可知，目前蛇咬伤治疗的缺点是会导致严重的健康风险。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“In light of these challenges, Baker and his team have made effective use of deep learning tools to develop artificial proteins capable of attaching to and inactivating toxins. The study focuses on a specific group of snake proteins known as three-finger toxins. These toxins often bypass the immune (免疫的) system, making conventional treatments ineffective. Notably, the newly designed proteins provide significant protection against deadly amounts of three-finger toxins in mice, achieving survival rates ranging from 80% to 100%.(鉴于这些挑战，Baker和他的团队已经有效地利用深度学习工具来开发能够附着和灭活毒素的人工蛋白质。这项研究的重点是一组特殊的蛇蛋白，被称为三指毒素。这些毒素经常绕过免疫系统，使传统的治疗无效。值得注意的是，新设计的蛋白质在小鼠体内对致命数量的三指毒素提供了显著的保护，使存活率从80%到100%不等)”以及第四段“The efficiency and speed at which these proteins can be designed and produced using AI indicate a transformative shift in drug discovery processes, especially in resource-limited settings.(利用人工智能设计和生产这些蛋白质的效率和速度表明，药物发现过程发生了革命性的转变，特别是在资源有限的情况下)”可知，Baker的团队通过设计人工智能生成的蛋白质应对当前的挑战。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。根据第四段“By avoiding the lengthy and resource-intensive processes associated with conventional antibody development, this approach could lead to more accessible and affordable treatments. Also, the new proteins are smaller, allowing for greater penetration (渗透) into body systems to quickly inactivate the toxins and reduce damage. The efficiency and speed at which these proteins can be designed and produced using AI indicate a transformative shift in drug discovery processes, especially in resource-limited settings.(通过避免与传统抗体开发相关的漫长和资源密集型过程，这种方法可能导致更容易获得和负担得起的治疗方法。此外，新的蛋白质更小，允许更大的渗透到身体系统，迅速灭活毒素，减少损害。利用人工智能设计和生产这些蛋白质的效率和速度表明，药物发现过程发生了革命性的转变，特别是在资源有限的情况下)”可知，这一段主要讲述了AI设计的蛋白质技术相较于传统抗蛇毒血清开发的革命性优势。故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, scientists believe the new methods employed in this study could be beneficial to tackling other diseases, potentially leading to the emergence of less expensive medicines for various health challenges.(与此同时，科学家们相信，这项研究中采用的新方法可能对治疗其他疾病有益，可能会导致出现更便宜的药物，以应对各种健康挑战)”可知，这些新方法可能会给其他治疗方法带来启发。故选C。 Passage 1 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 1．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 2．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 3．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 4．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 【解析】1．推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 5．Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A．To fuel the city’s economy. B．To enhance passengers’ experience. C．To promote green transportation. D．To raise the quality of electric cars. 6．What is Espinoza’s concern? A．How to cut his travel expenses. B．Where to get a parking space. C．How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D．Where to find a charging point. 7．What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A．Their operating conditions. B．Their conventional standard. C．Their potential risks. D．Their working mechanism. 8．What did Luna say about the system? A．It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B．It improves workers’ efficiency. C．It prioritizes the safety of trains. D．It generates jobs for the locals. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了巴塞罗那推出的地铁能量回收项目，利用列车刹车余能为电车充电桩供电，实现绿色交通与能源高效利用。 【解析】5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.(巴塞罗那整合了一整套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通走向绿色环保，同时为应对气候变化出力，并助力欧洲艰难转向私人电动汽车市场。)”可知，该项目目的是推广绿色交通。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. (埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一处工人街区搭乘地铁前说道：“我又惊喜又开心，我总在四处找地方给车充电。”)”可知，埃斯皮诺萨一直发愁找不到充电桩。 7．主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers.(它们由一个电动机构成，该电动机会收集刹车动作中产生的能量——这些能量在传统刹车系统中会以热量的形式散失掉。这些能量可以立即用于加速车辆，或者在巴塞罗那地铁系统的情况下，通过电缆输送，为车站或电动汽车充电桩供电。)”可知，本段介绍了再生刹车的工作原理。 8．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. (电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗・卢纳表示，这套系统颇具创新性，原因在于它能将回收的电能重新调配，用于当地特定用途——本案例中就是为停在附近的电动汽车供电。)”可知，卢纳认为该系统创新性地利用了回收能源。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06阅读理解（新闻报道） 文本特征 1. 结构：倒金字塔，导语首段概括 5W 核心信息，后文补充细节、采访、背景 2. 语言：客观陈述为主，穿插人物引语、数据、事件进程 3. 题材：社会热点、科技突破、文化活动、校园赛事、环保行动、民生实事 历年考情 1. 篇目位置：多 A/B 篇，篇幅 250–380 词，难度中等偏低 2. 题型配比：细节理解为主，搭配少量推理、词义猜测、主旨概括题 3. 选材：外刊短讯、校园快讯、国际简讯，贴合青少年认知 4. 考点侧重：信息定位、事件时间 / 人物 / 成果提取 命题规律 1. 细节题占七成：针对导语、数据、引语、事件举措设题，答案原文可定位 2. 主旨题聚焦首段导语，干扰项为局部片段信息 3. 人物引语高频设题：考查发言者立场、事件目的 4. 极少考查主观态度，文本中立客观，不出现褒贬强烈观点 5. 常设事件先后排序、数字比对类细节题型 考向预测 1. 题材偏向：青年实践、科技创新、非遗传播、低碳公益、中外文化交流活动 2. 命题变化：增加事件意义、举措作用类推理题，减少单纯找数字基础题 3. 文本形式：短讯 + 人物采访结合型新闻增多 4. 设问侧重：挖掘事件背后价值、活动开展初衷、长远影响 Passage 1 Nitrogen fertiliser (氮肥) is essential for modern agriculture but carries a heavy environmental price, contributing to water pollution and soil degradation. However, simply reducing its use is not a solution. Crops typically respond to nitrogen shortage by investing more in root growth to search for nutrients, often at the expense of shoot (茎叶) development and grain production. While adaptive in the wild, this root-shoot trade-off limits agricultural productivity. For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers from Nanjing Agricultural University, the University of Oxford, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. In experiments, the team found that a gene in rice called WRINKLED1a has distinct roles in the shoot and root. In the shoot, it switches on NGR5, a key gene that promotes branching. In the roots, WRINKLED1a supports nitrogen uptake, but also prevents the formation of a protein complex that would otherwise limit root growth. Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. From over 3,000 rice varieties, the team identified a naturally stronger version of the gene and used traditional plant breeding (育种) to cross it into varieties carrying a weaker form. Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use. Lead author Dr. Shan Li noted that WRINKLED1a helps rice avoid the usual “more roots, less shoot” situation under nitrogen limitation, supporting stable yields with lower nitrogen inputs. “The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes,” she added. 1．Which aspect of the root-shoot trade-off does the new study focus on? A．Its economic cost. B．Its nutritional demand. C．Its genetic mechanism. D．Its environmental impact. 2．What can we learn about WRINKLED1a? A．Its function varies in different tissues. B．Its effect is restricted to the shoot. C．It promotes protein complex formation. D．It reduces nitrogen levels in the roots. 3．What might the study help to do according to the text? A．Contribute to food diversity. B．Facilitate sustainable farming. C．Justify nitrogen fertiliser use. D．Advance rice breeding methods. 4．What do Dr. Shan Li’s words suggest? A．The limitation of the research. B．A challenge in applying the findings. C．The need to test the outcomes. D．A possible direction for further study. Passage 2 A recent study from Stanford University has found something worrying about artificial intelligence. When you ask AI for advice, it often just tells you what you want to hear. The researchers call this “sycophancy”, and it means the AI acts like a flattering friend who always agrees with you, even when you are clearly wrong. The study, published in the journal Science, tested popular chatbots like ChatGPT and Gemini. The team fed the AI models stories from the Reddit forum “Am I The Asshole.” In these stories, the public had already decided the person telling the story was in the wrong. The results were surprising. Compared to real human advice, the AI agreed with the user’s bad behavior about forty-nine percent more often. It even agreed with people who described harmful actions nearly half of the time. The researchers then wanted to know how this constant agreement changes our minds. In the second period of the study, they had over two thousand people talk to either a flattering AI or a neutral AI about personal problems. The people who talked to the flattering AI felt much more confident that they were right, even if they were not. They also became less willing to apologize or change their actions. Strangely, these same people said they trusted the AI more and wanted to use it again. The findings are particularly alarming given that nearly one-third of U.S. teens now turn to AI for “serious conversations”, using these systems as alternatives to human interaction during critical developmental stages. “This creates perverse incentives for sycophancy to persist: The very feature that causes harm also drives engagement”, the study warns. The research team believes that developers and policymakers need to pay attention to this issue and find ways to make AI more honest and helpful, rather than just agreeable. After all, sometimes the best advice is not what we want to hear, but what we need to hear. 5．What is the core finding of the Stanford study regarding AI’s advice? A．AI’s advice is more reliable than human advice. B．AI tends to support users even when they are wrong. C．AI refuses to deal with complex moral issues. D．AI’s advice is mainly based on online forum data. 6．What can be inferred about the people who talked to the flattering AI? A．They thought flattering AI less intelligent but more fun. B．They insisted their opinions that were considered wrong by AI. C．They trusted the flattering AI more but changed their minds less. D．Most of them could easily tell the flattering AI from the neutral one. 7．What does the phrase “perverse incentives” in the last paragraph refers to? A．Financial rewards for engagement. B．An unintended but harmful motivation. C．Double-edged effects of biased AI. D．AI's internal goal to learn from feedback. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the study? A．Objective. B．Optimistic. C．Critical. D．Concerned. Passage 3 Researchers have found evidence of a huge underground cave on the moon that is accessible from the surface, making the spot a favourable location to build a future lunar base. The cave appears reachable from an open pit (深坑) in the Mare Tranquillitatis, where the Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin first set foot on the moon. Analysis of data revealed that the Mare Tranquillitatis pit leads to a cave 45 metres wide and up to 80 metres long, about 150 metres beneath the surface. Lorenzo Bruzzone, of the University of Trento in Italy, said the cave was “probably an empty lava (熔岩) tube”, adding that such features could serve as human habitats in the future as they were “a natural shelter against the tough lunar environment”. Many pits spotted by lunar orbiters are thought to be “skylights” that connect to underground caves and giant underground tunnels. Such caves could form the basis for a base or an emergency shelter because the temperature is relatively stable inside and astronauts would be naturally sheltered from harmful space rays, solar radiation and micrometeorites (微陨石). The caves may contain water ice. “The main advantage of caves is that they make available the main structural parts of a possible human base without requiring complex construction activities,” said Leonardo Carrer, the study’s first author. Space agencies are wondering how to assess the structural stability of caves and strengthen their walls and ceilings. Habitats may also need monitoring systems to warn of earth movement and have separate areas for astronauts to withdraw to, should sections of their cave collapse. “Lunar cave systems have been proposed as great places to site future manned bases,” said Katherine Joy, a professor in Earth sciences. “However, we currently know very little about the underground structures below these pit entrances.” Robert Wagner, a researcher at Arizona State University, said one of the biggest challenges would be access. “It’s certainly possible to get in and out, but it will take a significant amount of construction of support systems.” 9．Which aspect of the cave do the researchers value most in the beginning? A．Its size. B．Its accessibility. C．Its location. D．Its depth. 10．Why is the lunar cave good for a future base? A．It offers shelter and basic structure. B．It contains large amounts of water ice. C．It makes building new tunnels easier. D．It is located near the Apollo 11 landing site. 11．What does Wagner stress about the cave? A．Its walls and ceilings need strengthening. B．Its entry requires engineering efforts. C．Little is known about its inner parts. D．It lacks a life support system. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Shelter Built in a Moon Cave B．Plans for a Moon Cave Base C．The Discovery of a Moon Cave D．The Hidden World of Lunar Caves Passage 1 A recently released film Dear You has touched millions with its quietly powerful story, but few knew that it was inspired by a true account of loyalty that spanned nearly two decades and two countries. The tale dates back to the 1940s, when Zheng Musheng left his wife Ye Shurou and their three children in the Chaoshan region of Guangdong to escape forced military service, heading to Southeast Asia — a journey then known as “going to Nanyang.” For twenty years, Shurou waited in their old house, raising the children alone. The only thread connecting her to her husband was the regular arrival of qiaopi — a unique form of remittance (汇款) letter that combined family news with funds. Every letter began the same way, “My wife Shurou, I hope this letter finds you well.” Those pieces of paper became her most treasured possessions. The truth, however, was cruelly different. Not long after arriving abroad, Zheng Musheng was killed while trying to protect fellow Chinese immigrants during a robbery. Shurou never knew. The person who picked up the pen and wrote in Musheng’s name was Xie Nanzhi, a second-generation Chinese immigrant in Thailand. Nanzhi had once been helped by Musheng, and when the death notice arrived, she found herself unable to deliver such heartbreaking news to a woman she had never met. Instead, she made an extraordinary choice: she hid the notice and began writing to Shurou, enclosing money from her own hard work. For eighteen years, Nanzhi maintained this quiet act of devotion, supporting two families while never marrying herself. The secret was finally uncovered when Shurou’s grandson traveled to Thailand looking for the grandfather he had never met. When the elderly Shurou eventually faced Nanzhi — who by then was suffering from Alzheimer’s disease — there were no dramatic conflicts. Nanzhi struggled to recognize her visitor and simply asked whether the salted pork she had sent decades ago was tasty. “It was good,” Shurou replied softly. “Then I’ll send more,” Nanzhi said. In an interview, the director noted that the film is a praise of qingyi, a Chinese concept including loyalty, gratitude, and a deep sense of moral responsibility toward others. “In an age of instant communication and temporary connections,” he said, “this story reminds us that the most enduring bonds are sometimes created not by blood, but by a silent commitment to another person’s wellbeing.” 1．What does the underlined word “qiaopi” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to? A．Traditional poems written by homesick Chinese travelers abroad. B．Diaries recording the daily struggles of early Chinese immigrants. C．Official identity documents issued by overseas Chinese organizations. D．Letters that overseas Chinese sent home, containing both personal messages and money. 2．How did Xie Nanzhi handle the news of Zheng Musheng’s death? A．She wanted to inherit Musheng’s property and business in Thailand. B．She was in love with Musheng and wished to stay connected to his family. C．She could not bear to tell Shurou the truth and decided to support her instead. D．Musheng made her promise before his death to take care of his wife and children. 3．What can be inferred about the meeting between Shurou and Nanzhi described in paragraph 4? A．Shurou angrily accused Nanzhi of cheating her for years. B．Shurou refused to forgive Nanzhi and left without accepting her kindness. C．Their conversation was full of deep emotions expressed through simple, everyday words. D．Nanzhi completely forgot everything about the letters and the support she had provided. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for this news report? A．The Rise and Fall of a Nanyang Businessman B．The Lost Art of Qiaopi: A Fading Cultural Tradition C．A Film’s Box-Office Success Built on Chaoshan Dialect D．Beyond Blood: How a Stranger’s Silent Devotion Spanned Two Families Passage 2 After taking an introductory course in global health last winter, Yashaswi Bista, president of Stanford SupplyHer, was empowered to take action against malaria —a disease that has been claiming hundreds of thousands of lives every year for centuries. Stanford SupplyHer, a student group supporting women’s health through art, hosted an event in partnership with United to Beat Malaria (UBM) to encourage funding for malaria prevention, treatment and research initiatives while tabling at White Plaza last Monday. “Knowing that malaria is especially dangerous to pregnant individuals and children makes advocacy for malaria funding and research essential for our mission,” said Bista. “We in the U. S. need to be aware of the impact of global warming on malaria because less developed countries in other parts of the world are more heavily affected by our emissions,” Bista said. Last year, the U. S. experienced its first local outbreaks of malaria since 2003. Infectious disease experts have warned that climate change will spread malaria and other diseases carried by mosquitoes to areas that were once free of malaria. This summer, after discovering the work of UBM, a global grassroots campaign of the UN Foundation, Bista met with her congressional (国会的) representatives to advocate for malaria treatment and research. To support continued funding for global malaria programs, Bista wrote to officials in Congress. “It’s easy for people to feel like they are powerless with issues as big as malaria. But any person can give input to their decision makers on issues as big as these,” wrote Macgan Cross, a senior advocate at UBM. “By sending messages to your elected officials in support of global health funding, you are making sure your voice is heard.” Bista encouraged students to become involved in initiatives on campus to spread awareness of malaria and other global health issues. “Global health is important to me because there are so many health inequities (不平等) around the world and health itself is important to live a fulfilling life,” Bista said. “Because there are so many health inequities around the world, I want to raise awareness and help people live fulfilling lives.” 5．What inspired Bista to engage in actions against malaria? A．A learning experience. B．A health crisis. C．A grassroots campaign. D．A tabling event. 6．What did Bista do to support malaria prevention? A．She organized a charity sale. B．She launched a research project. C．She campaigned for fundraising. D．She budgeted for malaria treatment. 7．What is the message Maegan Cross intends to convey? A．Community voices secure health funding. B．Malaria outbreaks are difficult to prevent. C．The public needs more knowledge about health. D．Individual efforts matter in government decisions. 8．Which of the following best describes Bista? A．A health advocate. B．A club founder. C．A woman pioneer. D．A disease specialist. Passage 3 A new groundbreaking study reveals a landmark breakthrough in the field of snakebite treatment. Researchers, led by David Baker from the University of Washington, have designed new proteins — unlike any found in nature — that can inactivate some of the most poisonous components of snake bite toxins (毒素). Snakebites represent a substantial global health issue, affecting millions of people each year. According to the World Health Organization, over 2 million people suffer from snakebites annually, with more than 100,000 deaths and 300,000 cases of permanent disabilities. Current treatment options, mainly obtained from animal blood, often present drawbacks, including high production costs, limited efficiency, and severe side effects, such as causing shock and breathing difficulties. In light of these challenges, Baker and his team have made effective use of deep learning tools to develop artificial proteins capable of attaching to and inactivating toxins. The study focuses on a specific group of snake proteins known as three-finger toxins. These toxins often bypass the immune (免疫的) system, making conventional treatments ineffective. Notably, the newly designed proteins provide significant protection against deadly amounts of three-finger toxins in mice, achieving survival rates ranging from 80% to 100%. By avoiding the lengthy and resource-intensive processes associated with conventional antibody development, this approach could lead to more accessible and affordable treatments. Also, the new proteins are smaller, allowing for greater penetration (渗透) into body systems to quickly inactivate the toxins and reduce damage. The efficiency and speed at which these proteins can be designed and produced using AI indicate a transformative shift in drug discovery processes, especially in resource-limited settings. While the study’s findings are encouraging, the researchers acknowledge that traditional antitoxins will remain central to snakebite treatment for the near future. The newly created computer-designed antitoxins can be integrated into existing treatment as additions, enhancing the overall effectiveness of established treatments. Meanwhile, scientists believe the new methods employed in this study could be beneficial to tackling other diseases, potentially leading to the emergence of less expensive medicines for various health challenges. 9．Which is a shortcoming of the current snakebite treatments? A．They mainly rely on animal blood. B．They are effective in certain regions. C．They can lead to serious health risks. D．They may leave toxins in patients’ bodies. 10．How did Baker’s team deal with the current challenges? A．By inventing deep learning tools. B．By identifying more snake toxins. C．By enhancing the immune system. D．By designing AI-generated proteins. 11．What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning Baker’s new study? A．Its advantages. B．Its strategies. C．Its procedures. D．Its limitations. 12．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The existing approaches are hard to change. B．The conventional treatments are out of date. C．The new methods might enlighten other treatments. D．The new antitoxins will be the core of future methods. Passage 1 （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 1．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 2．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 3．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 4．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. Passage 2 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 5．Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project? A．To fuel the city’s economy. B．To enhance passengers’ experience. C．To promote green transportation. D．To raise the quality of electric cars. 6．What is Espinoza’s concern? A．How to cut his travel expenses. B．Where to get a parking space. C．How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D．Where to find a charging point. 7．What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? A．Their operating conditions. B．Their conventional standard. C．Their potential risks. D．Their working mechanism. 8．What did Luna say about the system? A．It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B．It improves workers’ efficiency. C．It prioritizes the safety of trains. D．It generates jobs for the locals. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $