暑假作业12 完形填空（夹叙夹议文）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦夹叙夹议完形填空，构建“考情-规律-预测”三维方法体系，以文体特征为逻辑起点，提炼主旨导向解题策略，培养语言理解与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考情分析|3篇夹叙夹议文|明确文体（叙事+议论）、主题（自我反思等）、高频词（抽象名词/态度形容词）|从文体特征切入，建立“形式-内容”关联| |命题规律|15空/篇|行文结构（铺垫→过渡→升华）、线索（观点匹配）、选项（抽象词义辨析）|以“主旨决定答案”为核心，推导解题优先级| |考向预测|观点标志词（I realized等）|区分叙事/议论段、抓观点标志词、正向价值观匹配|从命题逻辑到应试策略，形成“识别-分析-判断”闭环|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业12完形填空（夹叙夹议文） 历年考情 文体：一半叙事 + 一半观点感悟，结尾必有升华议论段 篇幅：240–280 词，15 空，难度高于纯记叙文 主题：自我反思、人生感悟、看待得失、心态与选择 高频词：抽象名词（信心、遗憾、勇气）、态度类形容词 命题规律 行文：故事铺垫→中间过渡感悟→末尾点明人生道理 线索：不只看情节，还要匹配作者观点、价值导向 选项：大量抽象词义辨析，容易混淆情感态度词 主旨决定答案，局部通顺不符合中心直接排除 考向预测 区分叙事段和议论段，议论句是全文解题钥匙 抓 I realized/I learned/in fact 等观点标志词 所有选项贴合积极正向价值观，贴合作者感悟 Passage 1 I was watching Portrait Artist of the Year when I first heard the expression “tinker time”. In case you’ve not seen this 1 , each week a group of artists have to paint a portrait in four hours. They are divided into three groups, each having a different celebrity 2 for them. It was getting to the 3 moments. The camera focused on one of the artists. I can’t remember his name or which celebrity he was painting, I do remember thinking his painting looked 4 but he was still adding tiny touches to it. He said it was tinker time. I 5 wrote down those two words in my notebook. Tinker time, I think, is what we do when writing, or what we should do. I finish a short story. I leave it until the next day and 6 it again to edit and do some 7 . That’s the main part over with. The following day I take another look at the 8 . I check all my punctuation and spellings. I read each sentence 9 , and out loud. Reading aloud makes such a difference. It’s easier to spot 10 that way. A few days later I 11 the story and I guess this is when I spend some tinker time on it. It seems fully done but, if I tinker a little more, could I 12 it? This is when I might decide a word could be 13 . For instance, is fear the word I want or would terror be more powerful? 14 , there is nearly always a little something that can be improved on, just like those final tiny touches in the 15 . I shall leave this now and come back in a few days to spend some tinker time on it. 1．A．picture B．program C．expression D．competition 2．A．posing B．voting C．speaking D．drawing 3．A．embarrassing B．precious C．final D．magical 4．A．unique B．realistic C．damaged D．finished 5．A．unwillingly B．immediately C．nervously D．secretly 6．A．go through B．come across C．refer to D．forget about 7．A．outlining B．reading C．rewriting D．brainstorming 8．A．show B．portrait C．work D．quote 9．A．slowly B．smoothly C．eagerly D．proudly 10．A．ideas B．risks C．mistakes D．clues 11．A．make up B．hand in C．pass on D．return to 12．A．enhance B．illustrate C．popularize D．repeat 13．A．understood B．changed C．remembered D．crafted 14．A．Relatively B．Fortunately C．Unexpectedly D．Normally 15．A．notebook B．story C．speech D．painting Passage 2 Failure is often seen as a stop sign, but in fact, it is a 16 sign on the road to success. Those who fear failure never truly 17 , while those who accept it learn to grow stronger and wiser. A fixed mindset sees mistakes as shame, 18 a growth mindset regards them as valuable feedback. Every time you overcome a difficulty, you build greater 19 for future challenges. Successful people don’t avoid failures; they 20 from them and keep moving forward. Thomas Edison once said he had not failed 1,000 times but had   21   1,000 ways that did not work. In school and work, many people give up too soon because they cannot 22 temporary frustration. They focus on the result instead of the 23 . However, real progress lies in the learning process, not just the final outcome. Failure teaches responsibility, patience, and humility. It makes you 24 your weaknesses and improve your strengths. When you stand up after falling, you gain confidence that no success can 25 . Resilience (韧性) is not about never feeling down, but about rising again 26 you fall. It is a skill that can be 27   with practice and positive thinking. In conclusion, failure is not the opposite of success but a 28 of it. It shapes our personality, tests our determination, and 29 our potential. To achieve meaningful growth, we must face failure bravely, learn from it wisely, and 30 moving toward our dreams. 16．A．wrong B．quiet C．guiding D．random 17．A．succeed B．forget C．appear D．escape 18．A．so B．while C．since D．unless 19．A．doubt B．courage C．surprise D．regret 20．A．suffer B．hide C．learn D．die 21．A．found B．refused C．thanked D．blamed 22．A．stand B．check C．catch D．carry 23．A．end B．loss C．process D．pain 24．A．ignore B．recognize C．hide D．create 25．A．match B．lose C．copy D．accept 26．A．as if B．even though C．so that D．ever since 27．A．lost B．exchanged C．developed D．affected 28．A．result B．choice C．enemy D．part 29．A．limits B．unlocks C．wastes D．controls 30．A．stop B．avoid C．keep D．finish Passage 3 In the 1980s, I first encountered tai chi in Dundonald Park. I watched people move in loose formation at an unhurried pace. The 31 of their movements was like a water lily (睡莲) opening in slow motion. I found tai chi as 32 , but I couldn’t see its point. I defined fitness 33 and strength. Moving slowly did not build muscles, so I chose to 34 myself from the practice. Still, the 35 stayed with me, a seed planted. After retirement, with a doctor’s 36 , I returned to that park, no longer a watcher but inside the group, awkwardly moving toward the growth once seeded long ago. My early 37 were discouraging. I joined one class, then left; joined another, and 38 , failing to complete the routines. I assumed that mastering tai chi meant memorizing all the 39 . But I soon learned otherwise: What needed mastering were my own habits — impatience, resistance to correction. Everything changed in my first expert-led class. Surrounded by advanced 40 , I felt like a beginner when the instructor 41 singled me out for instruction. Embarrassed, I listened attentively, watched closely and 42 my body to move by copying him. Ultimately, this focus helped 43 my embarrassment. In that instant, my emotion 44 , from embarrassment to empowerment. I learned not just a move, but a patient and open way of being. I became that lily unfolding, awakened not by force, but by this 45 martial art. 31．A．order B．power C．grace D．precision 32．A．reliable B．fascinating C．familiar D．strange 33．A．flexibility B．tolerance C．balance D．speed 34．A．distance B．protect C．isolate D．free 35．A．answer B．response C．presence D．image 36．A．treatment B．recommendation C．assessment D．announcement 37．A．observations B．memories C．attempts D．mistakes 38．A．struggled B．hesitated C．panicked D．followed 39．A．positions B．settings C．rules D．moves 40．A．instructors B．learners C．athletes D．performers 41．A．reluctantly B．casually C．unexpectedly D．briefly 42．A．willed B．trained C．urged D．allowed 43．A．hide away B．bring about C．build up D．crowd out 44．A．settled B．shifted C．progressed D．softened 45．A．traditional B．demanding C．gentle D．complex Passage 1 My life has always been driven by a passion for progress. I love physics and engineering, dreaming of a future shaped by technology. My grandfather’s world is the 1 of mine. His passion is a massive old oak tree (橡树) that stands in the center of town. At first, I 2 to understand his dedication to something that, in my view, served no 3 purpose. It was just a tree to me, but to him, it was a living record of 4 . Every evening, I read the local newspaper to Grandpa. One day, I found a heated debate: the town council 5 to cut down the oak to make way for a new parking lot. They 6 it was for progress. My initial 7 was logical: a parking lot would be more useful. But then, I saw deep sadness in my grandpa’s eyes. He began sharing the 8 of the tree — how generations had gathered under its branches for celebrations and comfort. He spoke of its 9 as a strong link that joined people through the years. For the first time, I saw that his passion was not just about the past, but about real value that I had 10 . So I researched town laws, 11 alternative plans that would save the tree, and used data to convince the council that progress didn’t mean 12 the past. I tried to save the tree, for the 13 meaning it held in my grandpa’s heart. In the end, we saved the oak. That summer taught me that passion is not just about building the 14 ; it is equally about preserving the essential. Progress and respect for the past can grow 15 — just like the deep roots and strong branches of that old tree. 1．A．copy B．development C．opposite D．reflection 2．A．failed B．refused C．pretended D．hesitated 3．A．particular B．practical C．primary D．different 4．A．memories B．achievements C．struggles D．dreams 5．A．continued B．promised C．managed D．intended 6．A．recognized B．admitted C．agreed D．argued 7．A．reply B．reaction C．reason D．message 8．A．growth B．characters C．stories D．changes 9．A．future B．history C．name D．appearance 10．A．ignored B．emphasized C．admired D．studied 11．A．reread B．rewrote C．abandoned D．designed 12．A．sharing B．remembering C．destroying D．mixing 13．A．special B．common C．basic D．suitable 14．A．big B．small C．new D．old 15．A．in order B．in harmony C．in silence D．in trouble Passage 2 We usually feel the desire to civilize teenagers, but maybe that’s wrong. We should think about how we could fruitfully be more like them. I have always taken the 16 view that it is my job to 17 my teenager, but now I am thinking maybe it is his job to disorganize me. I am the 18 who arrives at airports four hours in advance. My teenager, however, is very Zen (放松). He 19 his eyebrows at my excessive worrying. I can suddenly 20 myself through his eyes, needlessly anxious, absurdly concerned with 21 . His way of moving through the airport seems 22 , wearing headphones, sliding indifferently, even if there is the slightest 23 that, left to his own devices, he would miss a flight. My son recently wrote a speech based on Emerson’s idea about living “above time” — not thinking about either the past or the future, 24 to-do lists and existential (存在主义的) worries. As he was practicing, I was 25 by the energy of his speech. I thought to myself, why is this so good? He actually 26 the idea, which is a teenage thing. We should view their way of life as gentle but powerful 27 of our own. He had totally 28 with this entirely new view of how life could be. He was also able to imagine casting aside all kinds of rooted 29 and behaviors. As a writer and professor, I like to think I am open to new ideas, but am I genuinely prepared to adopt the fresh 30 on life? I would like to be. 16．A．strict B．conventional C．academic D．different 17．A．tend B．tolerate C．accept D．organize 18．A．model B．subject C．type D．fool 19．A．raises B．shaves C．draws D．shapes 20．A．see B．compose C．express D．kill 21．A．details B．rules C．timelines D．trips 22．A．preferable B．logical C．dynamic D．cautious 23．A．problem B．chance C．sign D．delay 24．A．looking for B．taking up C．focusing on D．leaving behind 25．A．built B．challenged C．struck D．defeated 26．A．doubted B．embraced C．justified D．exploded 27．A．support B．rejection C．praise D．criticism 28．A．engaged B．faced C．collaborated D．wrestled 29．A．fears B．differences C．habits D．plants 30．A．narratives B．regulations C．measures D．perspectives Passage 3 Sam Schreim has been his own boss for 20 years. He opened a consultancy and launched start-ups. But the 54-year-old now admits: “If I could turn back time, I might not have taken the leap.” 31 your job to become your own boss has rarely been more popular. In 2022, new U.S. business applications hit a 2004-high, with over five million new firms. But when Silicon Valley Bank fell in 2023, small businesses lost access to their 32 , revealing the tough side of running a business. Schreim learned this the hard way during the 2008 crisis. He paid 15 staff from savings, suffered sleepless nights and 33 . His later start-ups failed. “It was like trying to climb a mountain with no safety net,” he reflects. Even now, he regrets not to have 34 with his big consultancy job. It isn’t 35 for business realities to conflict with expectations, says U.K. career coach Ayesha Murray: “As owners, we want success but often have 36 expectations. If you had a successful career first, there may be a(n) 37 next ventures will be smooth sailing.” Catherine Warrilow, who founded her PR agency in 2006, also faced this. From outside, it seemed a 38 move. The agency thrived, with 7 employees and top clients. “But I felt 39 always. Nothing felt good enough,” she says. The 40 made her a “control oddball”, micro-managing her team. It wasn’t what she 41 . “I thought running a business meant 42 — setting your own hours,” she admits. Reality? “Clients demand availability.” So in 2015. the mother of two chose to 43 the company. “Quitting self-employment was my proudest professional moment,” she says. “A weight lifted off my shoulders.” Of course, there are success stories; many who strike out on their own never look back. Still, Schreim warns against 44 others: “Entrepreneurship, innovation or excellence-creating can be a roller-coaster; therefore, you must be 45 of highs and lows.” 31．A．Keeping B．Getting C．Quitting D．Changing. 32．A．schedules B．accounts C．markets D．contracts 33．A．cash B．debt C．energy D．information 34．A．stuck B．dealt C．begun D．interacted 35．A．unacceptable B．unfair C．unfortunate D．uncommon 36．A．enthusiastic B．romantic C．unrealistic D．inefficient 37．A．assumption B．competition C．demonstration D．explanation 38．A．alternative B．positive C．objective D．conservative 39．A．content B．curious C．anxious D．hopeless 40．A．stress B．boredom C．sorrow D．affection 41．A．prepared B．experienced C．mastered D．imagined 42．A．motion B．freedom C．innovation D．responsibility 43．A．take over B．look into C．give up D．rely on 44．A．making an appeal to B．making a compromise with C．throwing the towel on D．giving your word to 45．A．confident B．fond C．proud D．aware Passage 1 Over 30 years ago, I started to build my dream house in a rural town. It was a 1 process, worsened by a demanding career that kept me traveling across Asia and the Pacific. 2 work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me. One day I walked into a lighting shop. The shopkeeper wasn’t exactly 3 but, as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my 4 . I asked her some questions and received only one-or two-word answers. After 5 some lighting fittings, I was about to leave when she looked me firmly in the eyes and said, “However 6 your life seems, someone always has it far worse.” Then she went into the back of the shop. I was taken aback by her 7 and vividly remember getting into my truck and thinking how 8 and out of line she was. But as I returned home I 9 her words. Then it hit me — she was 10 right. The shopkeeper wasn’t offering those words with kindness but that is 11 . What she said deeply impacted my life. She must have seen something in me that 12 her comment, and it helped me 13 the vital truth: perspective (视角) is everything. I don’t think that woman could have 14 how much I would take her words on board. Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer. Yet I’ve gone through various treatments, and now I feel 15 simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is. 1．A．lonely B．stressful C．gradual D．regular 2．A．Balancing B．Integrating C．Skipping D．Choosing 3．A．silent B．serious C．friendly D．honest 4．A．business B．trust C．admiration D．approval 5．A．replacing B．fixing C．examining D．purchasing 6．A．plain B．fruitless C．tough D．changeable 7．A．strategy B．comment C．complaint D．advice 8．A．rude B．selfish C．strict D．wise 9．A．believed in B．reflected on C．worried about D．benefited from 10．A．absolutely B．slightly C．barely D．temporarily 11．A．evident B．meaningless C．irrelevant D．typical 12．A．indicated B．interrupted C．confirmed D．motivated 13．A．declare B．analyze C．expose D．realize 14．A．forgotten B．imagined C．recorded D．proved 15．A．calm B．surprised C．fortunate D．confused Passage 2 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The 16 of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived 17 three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The 18 were never-ending. I was a 19 in their eyes. As I grow older, I’m more and more 20 for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved to 21 about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere; 22 , as I finish up my junior year of college, I’m convinced that it took 23 our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what exactly we loved about it. The pace of life is slow and people 24 connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an 25 of your family. Much of this 26 centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your 27 is a critical part of the culture. As I move through my college years, I 28 the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the 29 that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can 30 my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 16．A．fantasy B．prejudice C．realization D．expectation 17．A．only B．indeed C．still D．even 18．A．tests B．questions C．games D．debates 19．A．success B．victim C．novelty D．problem 20．A．thankful B．hopeful C．suitable D．reliable 21．A．dream B．lie C．hear D．complain 22．A．therefore B．however C．instead D．otherwise 23．A．touring B．changing C．leaving D．protecting 24．A．value B．admit C．fear D．remember 25．A．advantage B．example C．honor D．extension 26．A．lifestyle B．landscape C．procedure D．personality 27．A．findings B．surroundings C．belongings D．greetings 28．A．give up B．put off C．face up to D．look forward to 29．A．confidence B．reputation C．experience D．opportunity 30．A．inspire B．trust C．remind D．challenge 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业12完形填空（夹叙夹议文） 历年考情 文体：一半叙事 + 一半观点感悟，结尾必有升华议论段 篇幅：240–280 词，15 空，难度高于纯记叙文 主题：自我反思、人生感悟、看待得失、心态与选择 高频词：抽象名词（信心、遗憾、勇气）、态度类形容词 命题规律 行文：故事铺垫→中间过渡感悟→末尾点明人生道理 线索：不只看情节，还要匹配作者观点、价值导向 选项：大量抽象词义辨析，容易混淆情感态度词 主旨决定答案，局部通顺不符合中心直接排除 考向预测 区分叙事段和议论段，议论句是全文解题钥匙 抓 I realized/I learned/in fact 等观点标志词 所有选项贴合积极正向价值观，贴合作者感悟 Passage 1 I was watching Portrait Artist of the Year when I first heard the expression “tinker time”. In case you’ve not seen this 1 , each week a group of artists have to paint a portrait in four hours. They are divided into three groups, each having a different celebrity 2 for them. It was getting to the 3 moments. The camera focused on one of the artists. I can’t remember his name or which celebrity he was painting, I do remember thinking his painting looked 4 but he was still adding tiny touches to it. He said it was tinker time. I 5 wrote down those two words in my notebook. Tinker time, I think, is what we do when writing, or what we should do. I finish a short story. I leave it until the next day and 6 it again to edit and do some 7 . That’s the main part over with. The following day I take another look at the 8 . I check all my punctuation and spellings. I read each sentence 9 , and out loud. Reading aloud makes such a difference. It’s easier to spot 10 that way. A few days later I 11 the story and I guess this is when I spend some tinker time on it. It seems fully done but, if I tinker a little more, could I 12 it? This is when I might decide a word could be 13 . For instance, is fear the word I want or would terror be more powerful? 14 , there is nearly always a little something that can be improved on, just like those final tiny touches in the 15 . I shall leave this now and come back in a few days to spend some tinker time on it. 1．A．picture B．program C．expression D．competition 2．A．posing B．voting C．speaking D．drawing 3．A．embarrassing B．precious C．final D．magical 4．A．unique B．realistic C．damaged D．finished 5．A．unwillingly B．immediately C．nervously D．secretly 6．A．go through B．come across C．refer to D．forget about 7．A．outlining B．reading C．rewriting D．brainstorming 8．A．show B．portrait C．work D．quote 9．A．slowly B．smoothly C．eagerly D．proudly 10．A．ideas B．risks C．mistakes D．clues 11．A．make up B．hand in C．pass on D．return to 12．A．enhance B．illustrate C．popularize D．repeat 13．A．understood B．changed C．remembered D．crafted 14．A．Relatively B．Fortunately C．Unexpectedly D．Normally 15．A．notebook B．story C．speech D．Painting 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者从一档绘画节目了解到 “微调时刻”，并将其运用于写作。文章讲述反复修改、打磨文字的过程，说明细节润色能不断优化作品。 【解析】1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你还没看过这个节目的话，每周都会有这样的一群艺术家，他们要在四小时内完成一幅肖像画的绘制。A. picture图片；B. program节目；C. expression短语；D. competition比赛。结合前文“I was watching Portrait Artist of the Year when I first heard the expression “tinker time”.”可知，作者在观看一档绘画电视节目，此处指代该节目。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被分成三组，每组都有不同的名人供其摆姿势作画。A. posing摆姿势；B. voting投票；C. speaking讲话；D. drawing画画。根据上文“They are divided into three groups, each having a different celebrity”结合绘画场景，可知，名人需要摆出姿势供画家创作。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间来到了最后的时刻。A. embarrassing尴尬的；B. precious宝贵的；C. final最终的；D. magical神奇的。结合后文“but he was still adding tiny touches to it”画家添加细小笔触、完善细节，说明创作接近尾声。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记不清他的名字了，也不记得他画的是哪位名人了，但我记得当时觉得他的画已经完成了——但他还在不断添加一些细微的修饰。A. unique独特的；B. realistic写实的；C. damaged破损的；D. finished完成的。结合后文“but he was still adding tiny touches to it”可知，他依旧在添加细节修饰，画面整体已完工。故选D。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻在笔记本上写下了这两个单词。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. immediately立刻；C. nervously紧张地；D. secretly秘密地。结合后文“wrote down those two words in my notebook”可知，作者认可这个新概念，于是马上记录下来。故选B。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我先把它搁置一旁，直到第二天再重新阅读一遍，进行修改并做一些重新润色的工作。A. go through浏览通读；B. come across偶然遇见；C. refer to查阅；D. forget about忘记。根据上文“I finish a short story.”可知，写作完成后需要通读全文检查。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我先把它搁置一旁，直到第二天再重新阅读一遍，进行修改并做一些重新润色的工作。A. outlining列提纲；B. reading阅读；C. rewriting改写；D. brainstorming头脑风暴。结合上文“to edit and do some”可知，编辑、修改文稿的行为，改写是完善文章的关键步骤。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我会再回看这份作品。A. show演出；B. portrait肖像；C. work作品；D. quote引语。根据上文“I finish a short story.”可知，此处指代前文完成的短篇故事，属于个人写作作品。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我缓慢朗读每一个句子，并且大声读出来。A. slowly缓慢地；B. smoothly流畅地；C. eagerly急切地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据上文“I check all my punctuation and spellings.”可知，有检查文字错误的需求，慢速朗读更容易发现问题。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：用这种方式更容易发现错误。A. ideas想法；B. risks风险；C. mistakes错误；D. clues线索。根据上文“I check all my punctuation and spellings.”可知，目的是找出文中各类错误。故选C。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几天后，我再回过头来看这篇故事，我想这就是我对它进行细节打磨完善的时候。A. make up编造；B. hand in上交；C. pass on传递；D. return to重回回看。结合后文“when I spend some tinker time on it.”可知，作者再次打磨文字，指回头重新审视旧作。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看似全部完成，再多一点打磨，看能否优化提升它？A. enhance提升优化；B. illustrate说明；C. popularize普及；D. repeat重复。根据上文“if I tinker a little more”可知，作者之所以反复调整细节，目的是提升文章整体质量。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我会思考某个单词是否可以被替换更改。A. understood理解；B. changed更换；C. remembered记住；D. crafted精心制作。结合后文“For instance, is fear the word I want or would terror be more powerful?”更换近义词的举例，此处指改换用词。故选B。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常来说，几乎总有细节可以改进完善，就像绘画创作中最后的细微修饰一样。A. Relatively相对地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Unexpectedly意外地；D. Normally通常。根据后文“there is nearly always a little something that can be improved on”可知，结合普遍的写作规律，大多数文章都有优化空间。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常来说，几乎总有细节可以改进完善，就像绘画创作中最后的细微修饰一样。A. notebook笔记本；B. story故事；C. speech演讲；D. painting绘画。结合文章开头“I can’t remember his name or which celebrity he was painting, I do remember thinking his painting looked but he was still adding tiny touches to it.”画家修饰画作的例子，首尾呼应关联绘画。故选D。 Passage 2 Failure is often seen as a stop sign, but in fact, it is a 16 sign on the road to success. Those who fear failure never truly 17 , while those who accept it learn to grow stronger and wiser. A fixed mindset sees mistakes as shame, 18 a growth mindset regards them as valuable feedback. Every time you overcome a difficulty, you build greater 19 for future challenges. Successful people don’t avoid failures; they 20 from them and keep moving forward. Thomas Edison once said he had not failed 1,000 times but had   21   1,000 ways that did not work. In school and work, many people give up too soon because they cannot 22 temporary frustration. They focus on the result instead of the 23 . However, real progress lies in the learning process, not just the final outcome. Failure teaches responsibility, patience, and humility. It makes you 24 your weaknesses and improve your strengths. When you stand up after falling, you gain confidence that no success can 25 . Resilience (韧性) is not about never feeling down, but about rising again 26 you fall. It is a skill that can be 27   with practice and positive thinking. In conclusion, failure is not the opposite of success but a 28 of it. It shapes our personality, tests our determination, and 29 our potential. To achieve meaningful growth, we must face failure bravely, learn from it wisely, and 30 moving toward our dreams. 16．A．wrong B．quiet C．guiding D．random 17．A．succeed B．forget C．appear D．escape 18．A．so B．while C．since D．unless 19．A．doubt B．courage C．surprise D．regret 20．A．suffer B．hide C．learn D．die 21．A．found B．refused C．thanked D．blamed 22．A．stand B．check C．catch D．carry 23．A．end B．loss C．process D．pain 24．A．ignore B．recognize C．hide D．create 25．A．match B．lose C．copy D．accept 26．A．as if B．even though C．so that D．ever since 27．A．lost B．exchanged C．developed D．affected 28．A．result B．choice C．enemy D．part 29．A．limits B．unlocks C．wastes D．controls 30．A．stop B．avoid C．keep D．Finish 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 【导语】主要论述了失败并非成功的对立面，而是成功的一部分。文章强调应正确看待失败，从失败中学习，凭借韧性勇敢面对，不断朝着梦想前进。 【解析】16．考查形容词。句意：失败常被视为停止标志，但事实上，它是通往成功道路上的引导标志。A. wrong错误的；B. quiet安静的；C. guiding引导的；D. random随机的。根据“but”表转折，可知这里要表达与“stop sign”相反的意思，即引导标志。 17．考查动词。句意：那些害怕失败的人永远不会真正成功，而那些接受失败的人学会变得更强大、更睿智。A. succeed成功；B. forget忘记；C. appear出现；D. escape逃脱。根据后文“while those who accept it learn to grow stronger and wiser”可知，害怕失败就难以成功，与后面接受失败能成长形成对比。 18．考查连词。句意：固定型思维模式将错误视为耻辱，而成长型思维模式将它们视为有价值的反馈。A. so所以；B. while然而（表对比）；C. since自从，因为；D. unless除非。此处是两种思维模式的对比，while符合语境。 19．考查名词。句意：每次你克服一个困难，你就为未来的挑战建立起更大的勇气。A. doubt怀疑；B. courage勇气；C. surprise惊讶；D. regret后悔。根据前文“Every time you overcome a difficulty”可知，克服困难会让人更有勇气面对未来挑战。 20．考查动词。句意：成功的人不会逃避失败；他们从失败中学习并继续前进。A. suffer遭受；B. hide隐藏；C. learn学习；D. die死亡。根据后文“keep moving forward”以及列举爱迪生的例子可知，成功的人从失败中学习。 21．考查动词。句意：托马斯·爱迪生曾说他不是失败了1000次，而是发现了1000种行不通的方法。A. found发现；B. refused拒绝；C. thanked感谢；D. blamed责备。根据前文“he had not failed 1,000 times”以及后文“1,000 ways that did not work.”这里指爱迪生在实验过程中发现了那些不可行的方法。 22．考查动词。句意：在学校和工作中，许多人因为无法忍受暂时的挫折而过早放弃。A. stand忍受；B. check检查；C. catch抓住；D. carry携带。根据前文“give up too soon” 可知，是无法忍受挫折所以放弃。 23．考查名词。句意：他们关注结果而不是过程。A. end结束，尽头；B. loss损失；C. process过程；D. pain痛苦。根据后文“real progress lies in the learning process”可知，此处强调他们不关注过程。 24．考查动词。句意：它让你认识到自己的弱点并提升自己的优势。A. ignore忽视；B. recognize认识到；C. hide隐藏；D. create创造。根据前文“Failure teaches responsibility, patience, and humility”可知，失败能让人认识到自身弱点。 25．考查动词。句意：当你跌倒后再站起来，你获得的自信是任何成功都无法匹敌的。A. match匹敌，比得上；B. lose失去；C. copy复制；D. accept接受。根据前文“When you stand up after falling”可知，这里指从失败中站起来获得的自信很强大，成功都难以与之相比。 26．考查连词短语。句意：韧性不是从不感到沮丧，而是即使跌倒也要再次站起来。A. as if好像；B. even though即使；C. so that以便；D. ever since自从。此处表达即使跌倒也要站起来，even though引导让步状语从句。 27．考查动词。句意：这是一种可以通过练习和积极思考培养出来的技能。A. lost失去；B. exchanged交换；C. developed培养，发展；D. affected影响。根据后文“with practice and positive thinking”可知，韧性可以通过练习等培养。 28．考查名词。句意：总之，失败不是成功的对立面，而是成功的一部分。A. result结果；B. choice选择；C. enemy敌人；D. part部分。根据前文“failure is not the opposite of success”可知，文章主旨强调失败是成功的一部分。 29．考查动词。句意：它塑造我们的个性，考验我们的决心，并释放我们的潜力。A. limits限制；B. unlocks释放，开启；C. wastes浪费；D. controls控制。根据前文“It shapes our personality, tests our determination”可知，失败能让我们释放潜力。 30．考查动词。句意：为了实现有意义的成长，我们必须勇敢面对失败，明智地从中学习，并继续朝着我们的梦想前进。A. stop停止；B. avoid避免；C. keep保持，继续；D. finish完成。根据前文“we must face failure bravely, learn from it wisely”以及后文“moving toward our dreams”可知，继续朝着梦想前进前进。 Passage 3 In the 1980s, I first encountered tai chi in Dundonald Park. I watched people move in loose formation at an unhurried pace. The 31 of their movements was like a water lily (睡莲) opening in slow motion. I found tai chi as 32 , but I couldn’t see its point. I defined fitness 33 and strength. Moving slowly did not build muscles, so I chose to 34 myself from the practice. Still, the 35 stayed with me, a seed planted. After retirement, with a doctor’s 36 , I returned to that park, no longer a watcher but inside the group, awkwardly moving toward the growth once seeded long ago. My early 37 were discouraging. I joined one class, then left; joined another, and 38 , failing to complete the routines. I assumed that mastering tai chi meant memorizing all the 39 . But I soon learned otherwise: What needed mastering were my own habits — impatience, resistance to correction. Everything changed in my first expert-led class. Surrounded by advanced 40 , I felt like a beginner when the instructor 41 singled me out for instruction. Embarrassed, I listened attentively, watched closely and 42 my body to move by copying him. Ultimately, this focus helped 43 my embarrassment. In that instant, my emotion 44 , from embarrassment to empowerment. I learned not just a move, but a patient and open way of being. I became that lily unfolding, awakened not by force, but by this 45 martial art. 31．A．order B．power C．grace D．precision 32．A．reliable B．fascinating C．familiar D．strange 33．A．flexibility B．tolerance C．balance D．speed 34．A．distance B．protect C．isolate D．free 35．A．answer B．response C．presence D．image 36．A．treatment B．recommendation C．assessment D．announcement 37．A．observations B．memories C．attempts D．mistakes 38．A．struggled B．hesitated C．panicked D．followed 39．A．positions B．settings C．rules D．moves 40．A．instructors B．learners C．athletes D．performers 41．A．reluctantly B．casually C．unexpectedly D．briefly 42．A．willed B．trained C．urged D．allowed 43．A．hide away B．bring about C．build up D．crowd out 44．A．settled B．shifted C．progressed D．softened 45．A．traditional B．demanding C．gentle D．Complex 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从20世纪80年代初次接触太极，到退休后重新学习太极的经历，以及在太极练习中从尴尬到获得力量、领悟柔和之道的心路历程。 【解析】31．考查名词。句意：他们动作的优雅就像一朵睡莲在慢动作中绽放。A. order顺序；B. power力量；C. grace优雅；D. precision精确。根据下文“their movements was like a water lily (睡莲) opening in slow motion.”可推知，将动作比作睡莲缓缓绽放，强调的是动作的优雅美感。 32．考查形容词。句意：我发现太极很迷人，但看不出它的意义。A. reliable可靠的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“but I couldn’t see its point.”可推知，but表示转折，前面应表示正面感受，fascinating与后面“看不出意义”形成对比。 33．考查名词。句意：我将健身定义为速度和力量。A. flexibility灵活性；B. tolerance容忍；C. balance平衡；D. speed速度。根据下文“Moving slowly did not build muscles”可推知，说明作者之前重视的是速度而非慢速。 34．考查动词。句意：缓慢移动不能锻炼肌肉，所以我选择远离这项练习。A. distance使远离；B. protect保护；C. isolate孤立；D. free解放。根据上文“Moving slowly did not build muscles”可推知，作者认为缓慢移动不能锻炼肌肉，所以远离了这项练习，distance oneself from为固定搭配，意为“使自己远离”。 35．考查名词。句意：然而，那个画面一直留在我心中，像一颗播下的种子。A. answer答案；B. response回应；C. presence存在；D. image画面。根据上文“their movements was like a water lily (睡莲) opening in slow motion.”及下文“stayed with me, a seed planted.”可推知，前文描述的是观看太极的场景画面，这个画面像种子一样留在心中。 36．考查名词。句意：退休后，遵照医嘱，我重回那座公园。我不再只是旁观者，而是融入了人群之中，笨拙地迈步前行，重拾多年前便埋下的那份热爱与生机。A. treatment治疗；B. recommendation推荐/建议；C. assessment评估；D. announcement宣布。根据下文“I returned to that park, no longer a watcher but inside the group”可推知，医生给作者提出了建议。 37．考查名词。句意：我早期的尝试令人沮丧。A. observations观察；B. memories记忆；C. attempts尝试；D. mistakes错误。根据下文“I joined one class, then left; joined another”可推知，参加课程又离开是不断尝试的过程。 38．考查动词。句意：我报了一个班，没多久便退出了；后来又加入另一个，学得十分吃力，整套动作始终无法练完整。A. struggled艰难地做；B. hesitated犹豫；C. panicked恐慌；D. followed跟随。根据上文“I joined one class, then left; joined another”及下文“failing to complete the routines.”可推知，报了一个班，然后离开；参加了另一个，没能动作，说明学得十分吃力。 39．考查名词。句意：我原以为掌握太极意味着记住所有动作。A. positions位置；B. settings设置；C. rules规则；D. moves动作。根据上文“I assumed that mastering tai chi meant memorizing all the”及下文“But I soon learned otherwise: What needed mastering were my own habits”可推知，与habits相对，且太极学习通常指记忆动作，但后文转折说需要掌握的是习惯。故选D。 40．考查名词。句意：被高级学员包围，当教练出乎意料地单独挑我出来指导时，我感觉像个初学者。A. instructors教练；B. learners学员；C. athletes运动员；D. performers表演者。根据上文“Surrounded by advanced”及下文“I felt like a beginner”可推知，在课堂中被包围的应该是其他学员，且与beginner对应。 41．考查副词。句意：被高级学员包围，当教练出乎意料地单独挑我出来指导时，我感觉像个初学者。A. reluctantly不情愿地；B. casually随意地；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. briefly短暂地。根据下文“singled me out for instruction. Embarrassed, I listened attentively, watched closely”可推知，被单独挑出来让人感到尴尬，说明这是出乎意料的。 42．考查动词。句意：我尴尬地认真倾听，仔细观察，并用意志驱使我的身体模仿他移动。A. willed用意志驱使；B. trained训练；C. urged催促；D. allowed允许。根据上文“listened attentively, watched closely”及下文“my body to move by copying him.”可推知，初学者需要刻意用意志控制身体，will有“用意志力驱使”的含义，符合语境。 43．考查动词短语。句意：最终，这种专注帮助排除了我的尴尬。A. hide away躲藏；B. bring about引起；C. build up建立；D. crowd out排除。根据下文“In that instant, my emotion ____, from embarrassment to empowerment.”可推知，专注让尴尬被排除，情感随之发生转变。 44．考查动词。句意：在那一刻，我的情感从尴尬转变为充满力量。A. settled解决；B. shifted转变；C. progressed进步；D. softened软化。根据下文“from embarrassment to empowerment”可推知，这是一个转变过程，from...to...表示转变，shifted符合语境。 45．考查形容词。句意：我变成了那朵绽放的睡莲，不是被力量唤醒，而是被这种柔和的武术唤醒。A. traditional传统的；B. demanding要求高的；C. gentle柔和的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“I became that lily unfolding, awakened not by force, but by this”可推知，not by force but by...形成对比，与force相对的是gentle。 Passage 1 My life has always been driven by a passion for progress. I love physics and engineering, dreaming of a future shaped by technology. My grandfather’s world is the 1 of mine. His passion is a massive old oak tree (橡树) that stands in the center of town. At first, I 2 to understand his dedication to something that, in my view, served no 3 purpose. It was just a tree to me, but to him, it was a living record of 4 . Every evening, I read the local newspaper to Grandpa. One day, I found a heated debate: the town council 5 to cut down the oak to make way for a new parking lot. They 6 it was for progress. My initial 7 was logical: a parking lot would be more useful. But then, I saw deep sadness in my grandpa’s eyes. He began sharing the 8 of the tree — how generations had gathered under its branches for celebrations and comfort. He spoke of its 9 as a strong link that joined people through the years. For the first time, I saw that his passion was not just about the past, but about real value that I had 10 . So I researched town laws, 11 alternative plans that would save the tree, and used data to convince the council that progress didn’t mean 12 the past. I tried to save the tree, for the 13 meaning it held in my grandpa’s heart. In the end, we saved the oak. That summer taught me that passion is not just about building the 14 ; it is equally about preserving the essential. Progress and respect for the past can grow 15 — just like the deep roots and strong branches of that old tree. 1．A．copy B．development C．opposite D．reflection 2．A．failed B．refused C．pretended D．hesitated 3．A．particular B．practical C．primary D．different 4．A．memories B．achievements C．struggles D．dreams 5．A．continued B．promised C．managed D．intended 6．A．recognized B．admitted C．agreed D．argued 7．A．reply B．reaction C．reason D．message 8．A．growth B．characters C．stories D．changes 9．A．future B．history C．name D．appearance 10．A．ignored B．emphasized C．admired D．studied 11．A．reread B．rewrote C．abandoned D．designed 12．A．sharing B．remembering C．destroying D．mixing 13．A．special B．common C．basic D．suitable 14．A．big B．small C．new D．old 15．A．in order B．in harmony C．in silence D．in trouble 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】文章讲述了作者热爱科技与进步，而祖父痴迷于镇上一棵老橡树。当市议会要砍树建停车场时，作者从最初的不理解到最终用自己的科技特长设法保住了树，领悟到进步与传承可以和谐共存。 【解析】1．考查名词。句意：祖父的世界与我的截然相反。A. copy复制品；B. development发展；C. opposite反面，对立；D. reflection倒影。根据上文“My life has always been driven by a passion for progress.”和下文“His passion is a massive old oak tree (橡树) that stands in the center of town.”可知，作者热爱科技进步，祖父执着于一棵老树，追求完全不同，是对立相反的。 2．考查动词。句意：起初，我无法理解他为何执着于在我看来没有任何实际用途的东西。A. failed未能；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“in my view, served no ________ purpose.”可知，作者当时不理解。 3．考查形容词。句意：起初，我无法理解他为何执着于在我看来没有任何实际用途的东西。A. particular特别的；B. practical实际的；C. primary主要的；D. different不同的。根据下文“a parking lot would be more useful.”可知，作者看重实际功用，觉得树没实用价值。 4．考查名词。句意：对我来说它只是一棵树，可对他而言，这棵树是回忆的鲜活载体。A. memories记忆；B. achievements成就；C. struggles奋斗；D. dreams梦想。根据下文“generations had gathered under its branches”可知，几代人在树下相聚，古树承载一代代人的往事与回忆。 5．考查动词。句意：有一天，我看到一场激烈争论：镇议会打算砍掉这棵橡树，腾出地方新建停车场。A. continued继续；B. promised承诺；C. managed设法；D. intended打算。根据上文“I found a heated debate ”可知，只是计划还未实施。 6．考查动词。句意：他们声称这是为了发展进步。A. recognized认出；B. admitted承认；C. agreed同意；D. argued声称，主张。根据上文“heated debate”可知，激烈争论，双方各持观点，议会为自己砍树的做法辩解，声称是为进步。 7．考查名词。句意：我最初的反应很理性：停车场确实更实用。A. reply回复；B. reaction反应；C. reason理由；D. message信息。根据下文“a parking lot would be more useful.”可知，作者的第一反应是停车场更有用。 8．考查名词。句意：他开始讲述这棵树背后的故事——一代代人曾在树下相聚欢庆、寻求慰藉。A. growth生长；B. characters性格；C. stories故事；D. changes变化。根据下文“how generations had gathered under its branches”可知，祖父讲述古树陪伴人们的种种往事故事。 9．考查名词。句意：他说起这棵树的历史，多年来一直是维系人们情感的纽带。A. future未来；B. history历史；C. name名字；D. appearance外表。根据下文“through the years”可知，古树见证岁月，承载历史底蕴。 10．考查动词。句意：我第一次意识到，祖父的情怀不只是怀旧，更是一种我曾经忽视的真正价值。A. ignored忽视；B. emphasized强调；C. admired钦佩；D. studied研究。根据上文“in my view, served no ________ purpose.”可知，作者从前只看实用，忽略了人文情感价值。 11．考查动词。句意：于是我查阅城镇法规，设计出既能保留古树又可行的替代方案，并用数据说服议会：发展进步并不意味着毁掉过去。A. reread重读；B. rewrote重写；C. abandoned放弃；D. designed设计。根据下文“alternative plans ”可知，作者主动构思、设计新方案代替砍树建停车场。 12．考查动词。句意同上。A. sharing分享；B. remembering记住；C. destroying摧毁；D. mixing混合。根据上文“ the town council _________ to cut down the oak to make way for a new parking lot.”可知，此处指要保住古树，不破坏历史痕迹，不用以毁掉旧事物为代价换取发展。 13．考查形容词。句意：我尽力守护这棵树，只因它在祖父心中有着特殊的意义。A. special特殊的；B. common普通的；C. basic基本的；D. suitable合适的。根据上文“generations had gathered under its branches for celebrations and comfort.”可知，古树承载几代回忆、对祖父意义非凡，因此不是普通树木，而是有特殊情感价值。 14．考查形容词。句意：那个夏天让我明白：热爱不只是创造新生事物，同样也要守护珍贵的过往。A. big大的；B. small小的；C. new新的；D. old旧的。根据下文“ preserving the essential ”可知，要守护旧的、珍贵的过往，此处指一边是创造新生，一边是守护旧有。 15．考查介词短语。句意：发展进步与尊重历史完全可以和谐共存——就像古树深扎的根系与挺拔的枝干，彼此相依生长。A. in order井然有序；B. in harmony和谐共处；C. in silence沉默地；D. in trouble处于困境中。根据下文“just like the deep roots and strong branches of that old tree.”可知，像古树根系与枝干共生一样互不冲突，现代进步与怀旧守旧可以和谐相融。 Passage 2 We usually feel the desire to civilize teenagers, but maybe that’s wrong. We should think about how we could fruitfully be more like them. I have always taken the 16 view that it is my job to 17 my teenager, but now I am thinking maybe it is his job to disorganize me. I am the 18 who arrives at airports four hours in advance. My teenager, however, is very Zen (放松). He 19 his eyebrows at my excessive worrying. I can suddenly 20 myself through his eyes, needlessly anxious, absurdly concerned with 21 . His way of moving through the airport seems 22 , wearing headphones, sliding indifferently, even if there is the slightest 23 that, left to his own devices, he would miss a flight. My son recently wrote a speech based on Emerson’s idea about living “above time” — not thinking about either the past or the future, 24 to-do lists and existential (存在主义的) worries. As he was practicing, I was 25 by the energy of his speech. I thought to myself, why is this so good? He actually 26 the idea, which is a teenage thing. We should view their way of life as gentle but powerful 27 of our own. He had totally 28 with this entirely new view of how life could be. He was also able to imagine casting aside all kinds of rooted 29 and behaviors. As a writer and professor, I like to think I am open to new ideas, but am I genuinely prepared to adopt the fresh 30 on life? I would like to be. 16．A．strict B．conventional C．academic D．different 17．A．tend B．tolerate C．accept D．organize 18．A．model B．subject C．type D．fool 19．A．raises B．shaves C．draws D．shapes 20．A．see B．compose C．express D．kill 21．A．details B．rules C．timelines D．trips 22．A．preferable B．logical C．dynamic D．cautious 23．A．problem B．chance C．sign D．delay 24．A．looking for B．taking up C．focusing on D．leaving behind 25．A．built B．challenged C．struck D．defeated 26．A．doubted B．embraced C．justified D．exploded 27．A．support B．rejection C．praise D．criticism 28．A．engaged B．faced C．collaborated D．wrestled 29．A．fears B．differences C．habits D．plants 30．A．narratives B．regulations C．measures D．Perspectives 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要讲述的是人们总想引导青少年，作者却反思应向孩子学习，接纳他们洒脱豁达的生活态度。 【解析】16．考查形容词。句意：我一直持有这种传统观点，认为规整好家中的青少年是我的责任，但如今我却觉得或许该由他来打乱我的生活节奏。A. strict严格的；B. conventional传统的；C. academic学术的；D. different不同的。根据前文“We usually feel the desire to civilize teenagers”可知，这是大众普遍持有的传统想法。 17．考查动词。句意同上。A. tend照料；B. tolerate容忍；C. accept接受；D. organize安排、规整。根据后文“but now I am thinking maybe it is his job to disorganize me.”可知，此处与disorganize语义相反，应为“安排”符合逻辑。 18．考查名词。句意：我就是那种会提前四个小时抵达机场的一类人。A. model模范；B. subject对象；C. type类型、一类人；D. fool傻瓜。根据后文“arrives at airports four hours in advance”可知，提前四小时到达机场是一类人拥有的行事风格。 19．考查动词。句意：面对我过度的担忧，他会扬起眉毛（表示不解）。A. raises抬起；B. shaves剃；C. draws画；D. shapes塑造。根据前文的“My teenager, however, is very Zen (放松).”以及后文“my excessive worrying”可知，少年对作者的多虑不以为然，做出扬眉的动作。 20．考查动词。句意：我突然能透过他的视角看清自己，无端焦虑，过分在意时间安排。A. see看见、考虑；B. compose创作；C. express表达；D. kill杀死。根据后文“through his eyes”可知，作者站在孩子的视角考虑自己。 21．考查名词。句意同上。A. details细节；B. rules规则；C. timelines时间规划；D. trips出行。根据前文“arrives at airports four hours in advance”可知，作者十分看重行程的时间安排。 22．考查形容词。句意： 他在机场穿行的方式似乎更为可取：戴着耳机，漠然地缓步前行。即便有那么一丝可能，如果任由他自己随意行事，他会错过航班。A. preferable更合适的；B. logical合乎逻辑的；C. dynamic充满活力的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据前文“However, is very Zen (放松)”以及后文“wearing headphones, sliding indifferently”可知，少年心态放松、举止淡然，和作者焦虑的状态形成对比，作者认为他的方式更为可取。 23．考查名词。句意同上。A. problem问题；B. chance可能性；C. sign迹象；D. delay延误。根据后文“he would miss a flight”可知，此处指存在误机的可能性。 24．考查动词短语。句意：我儿子最近根据爱默生关于超越时间而活的理念写了一篇演讲稿——不追忆过往、不忧虑未来，抛开待办清单与种种存在焦虑。A. looking for寻找；B. taking up占据；C. focusing on专注于；D. leaving behind抛开、放下。根据前文“not thinking about either the past or the future”可知，这种生活方式要放下各类琐事与烦恼。 25．考查动词。句意：在他练习演讲时，我被他演讲中的感染力深深打动。A. built建造；B. challenged挑战；C. struck打动、触动；D. defeated击败。根据后文“I thought to myself, why is this so good?”可知，作者被这场演讲深深触动。 26．考查动词。句意：他真正接纳了这个理念，而这也是青少年的特质。A. doubted怀疑；B. embraced接纳、信奉；C. justified证明合理；D. exploded爆发。根据前文“I was ___ by the energy of his speech”可知，能打动作者，说明他真心认同并接纳这一理念。 27．考查名词。句意：我们应当把他们的生活方式看作是对我们自身生活方式一种温和却有力的指正。A. support支持；B. rejection拒绝；C. praise赞扬；D. criticism评析、指正。根据前文“I can suddenly ______ myself through his eyes, needlessly anxious”可知，作者反思自身问题，青少年的生活方式是对成年人的一种指正。 28．考查动词。句意：他完全投入到这种全新的生活观念之中。A. engaged投入、参与；B. faced面对；C. collaborated合作；D. wrestled奋力应对。根据前文“He actually ____ the idea, which is a teenage thing.”可知，他全身心投入到这种全新的生活理念当中。 29．考查名词。句意：他也能够想象摒弃各种根深蒂固的习惯与行为模式。A. fears恐惧；B. differences差异；C. habits习惯；D. plants植物。根据后文“behaviors”可知，此处与行为并列，指代长久形成的固有习惯。 30．考查名词。句意：身为作家和教授，我自认乐于接纳新思想，但我真的准备好接纳这种全新的人生看法了吗？A. narratives叙述；B. regulations规章；C. measures措施；D. perspectives观点、视角。根据前文“I am open to new ideas”可知，作者对全新的人生观念是准备接受的。 Passage 3 Sam Schreim has been his own boss for 20 years. He opened a consultancy and launched start-ups. But the 54-year-old now admits: “If I could turn back time, I might not have taken the leap.” 31 your job to become your own boss has rarely been more popular. In 2022, new U.S. business applications hit a 2004-high, with over five million new firms. But when Silicon Valley Bank fell in 2023, small businesses lost access to their 32 , revealing the tough side of running a business. Schreim learned this the hard way during the 2008 crisis. He paid 15 staff from savings, suffered sleepless nights and 33 . His later start-ups failed. “It was like trying to climb a mountain with no safety net,” he reflects. Even now, he regrets not to have 34 with his big consultancy job. It isn’t 35 for business realities to conflict with expectations, says U.K. career coach Ayesha Murray: “As owners, we want success but often have 36 expectations. If you had a successful career first, there may be a(n) 37 next ventures will be smooth sailing.” Catherine Warrilow, who founded her PR agency in 2006, also faced this. From outside, it seemed a 38 move. The agency thrived, with 7 employees and top clients. “But I felt 39 always. Nothing felt good enough,” she says. The 40 made her a “control oddball”, micro-managing her team. It wasn’t what she 41 . “I thought running a business meant 42 — setting your own hours,” she admits. Reality? “Clients demand availability.” So in 2015. the mother of two chose to 43 the company. “Quitting self-employment was my proudest professional moment,” she says. “A weight lifted off my shoulders.” Of course, there are success stories; many who strike out on their own never look back. Still, Schreim warns against 44 others: “Entrepreneurship, innovation or excellence-creating can be a roller-coaster; therefore, you must be 45 of highs and lows.” 31．A．Keeping B．Getting C．Quitting D．Changing. 32．A．schedules B．accounts C．markets D．contracts 33．A．cash B．debt C．energy D．information 34．A．stuck B．dealt C．begun D．interacted 35．A．unacceptable B．unfair C．unfortunate D．uncommon 36．A．enthusiastic B．romantic C．unrealistic D．inefficient 37．A．assumption B．competition C．demonstration D．explanation 38．A．alternative B．positive C．objective D．conservative 39．A．content B．curious C．anxious D．hopeless 40．A．stress B．boredom C．sorrow D．affection 41．A．prepared B．experienced C．mastered D．imagined 42．A．motion B．freedom C．innovation D．responsibility 43．A．take over B．look into C．give up D．rely on 44．A．making an appeal to B．making a compromise with C．throwing the towel on D．giving your word to 45．A．confident B．fond C．proud D．Aware 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．D 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．A 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 【导语】文章通过多位创业者的亲身经历，讲述了创业热潮下理想与现实的落差及背后的艰辛。 【解析】31．考查动词。句意：辞掉工作自己当老板从未像现在这样流行。A. Keeping保留；B. Getting得到；C. Quitting放弃，辞去（工作）；D. Changing改变。根据下文“become your own boss”以及上文Schreim辞去工作创业的例子可知，此处指辞去工作。 32．考查名词。句意：但当硅谷银行在2023年倒闭时，小企业失去了对其账户的访问权限，揭示了经营企业艰难的一面。A. schedules时间表；B. accounts账户；C. markets市场；D. contracts合同。根据上文“Silicon Valley Bank fell”可知，银行倒闭导致企业无法使用银行账户。 33．考查名词。句意：他用积蓄支付了15名员工的工资，经历了不眠之夜和负债。A. cash现金；B. debt债务；C. energy精力；D. information信息。根据上文“paid 15 staff from savings”以及下文经营困难可知，此处应指陷入债务。 34．考查动词短语。句意：即便到现在，他仍后悔当初没有坚守那份待遇优厚的咨询工作。A. stuck (with)坚持；B. dealt (with)处理；C. begun (with)以……开始；D. interacted (with)与……互动。根据上文“His later start-ups failed”及下文“with his big consultancy job”可知，他后悔辞职创业，后悔当初没有继续做那份大型咨询工作，stick with意为“继续，坚持做某事”。 35．考查形容词。句意：职业教练Ayesha Murray表示，商业现实与期望冲突并不罕见。A. unacceptable不可接受的；B. unfair不公平的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. uncommon不常见的。根据下文“As owners, we want success but often have ____ expectations.”可知，现实与期望有差距是常见现象。 36．考查形容词。句意：作为企业主，我们想要成功，但往往抱有不切实际的期望。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. unrealistic不切实际的；D. inefficient低效的。根据上文“business realities to conflict with expectations”可知，期望与现实冲突，说明期望是不切实际的。 37．考查名词。句意：如果你先有了一份成功的事业，那么你可能会假设接下来的创业也会一帆风顺。A. assumption假设；B. competition竞争；C. demonstration演示；D. explanation解释。根据上文“If you had a successful career first”可知，原本事业成功的人，会自然而然地假设接下来创业也会一帆风顺，此处指人们会做出不切实际的假设。 38．考查形容词。句意：从外部看，这似乎是一个积极的举动。A. alternative可替代的；B. positive积极的；C. objective客观的；D. conservative保守的。根据下文“The agency thrived, with 7 employees and top clients”可知，Catherine的公司外在看起来发展很好，有员工有大客户，在外人看来这是一个积极的举动。 39．考查形容词。句意：但我一直感到焦虑。A. content满足的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. hopeless绝望的。根据下文“Nothing felt good enough”以及“made her a “control oddball”, micro-managing her team”可知，她总觉得做得不够好，面面俱到、过度管控团队成员的工作，说明她一直处于焦虑中。 40．考查名词。句意：压力使她变成了一个“控制狂”，事无巨细地管理团队。A. stress压力；B. boredom无聊；C. sorrow悲伤；D. affection喜爱。根据上文“Nothing felt good enough”以及下文“micro-managing her team”可知，常年内心焦虑催生巨大压力让她变成了过度控制的“控制狂”。 41．考查动词。句意：这不是她想象中的样子。A. prepared准备；B. experienced经历；C. mastered掌握；D. imagined想象。根据下文“I thought running a business meant”以及“Reality? “Clients demand availability.””可知，现实与她当初的想象不同。 42．考查名词。句意：我原以为经营企业意味着自由——自己设定工作时间。A. motion运动；B. freedom自由；C. innovation创新；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“setting your own hours”可知，她以为创业意味着自由。 43．考查动词短语。句意：因此，在2015年，这位两个孩子的母亲选择放弃公司。A. take over接管；B. look into调查；C. give up放弃；D. rely on依靠。根据下文“Quitting self-employment was my proudest professional moment”可知，她选择了放弃公司。 44．考查动词短语。句意：尽管如此，Schreim警告不要向他人呼吁：“创业、创新或开拓卓越事业就像坐过山车；因此，你必须意识到会有起起落落。”A. making an appeal to呼吁；B. making a compromise with妥协；C. throwing the towel on认输放弃；D. giving your word to许诺。根据下文“Entrepreneurship, innovation or excellence-creating can be a roller-coaster”可知，创业起伏不定，不轻易劝说他人入行。 45．考查形容词。句意：尽管如此，Schreim警告不要向他人呼吁：“创业、创新或开拓卓越事业就像坐过山车；因此，你必须意识到会有起起落落。”A. confident自信的；B. fond喜欢的；C. proud自豪的；D. aware意识到的。根据上文“can be a roller-coaster”可知，创业如过山车，必须意识到会有高低起伏。be aware of意为“意识到”。 Passage 1 Over 30 years ago, I started to build my dream house in a rural town. It was a 1 process, worsened by a demanding career that kept me traveling across Asia and the Pacific. 2 work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me. One day I walked into a lighting shop. The shopkeeper wasn’t exactly 3 but, as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my 4 . I asked her some questions and received only one-or two-word answers. After 5 some lighting fittings, I was about to leave when she looked me firmly in the eyes and said, “However 6 your life seems, someone always has it far worse.” Then she went into the back of the shop. I was taken aback by her 7 and vividly remember getting into my truck and thinking how 8 and out of line she was. But as I returned home I 9 her words. Then it hit me — she was 10 right. The shopkeeper wasn’t offering those words with kindness but that is 11 . What she said deeply impacted my life. She must have seen something in me that 12 her comment, and it helped me 13 the vital truth: perspective (视角) is everything. I don’t think that woman could have 14 how much I would take her words on board. Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer. Yet I’ve gone through various treatments, and now I feel 15 simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is. 1．A．lonely B．stressful C．gradual D．regular 2．A．Balancing B．Integrating C．Skipping D．Choosing 3．A．silent B．serious C．friendly D．honest 4．A．business B．trust C．admiration D．approval 5．A．replacing B．fixing C．examining D．purchasing 6．A．plain B．fruitless C．tough D．changeable 7．A．strategy B．comment C．complaint D．advice 8．A．rude B．selfish C．strict D．wise 9．A．believed in B．reflected on C．worried about D．benefited from 10．A．absolutely B．slightly C．barely D．temporarily 11．A．evident B．meaningless C．irrelevant D．typical 12．A．indicated B．interrupted C．confirmed D．motivated 13．A．declare B．analyze C．expose D．realize 14．A．forgotten B．imagined C．recorded D．proved 15．A．calm B．surprised C．fortunate D．Confused 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】作者讲述了三十多年前在建房过程中倍感压力，偶遇一位灯具店老板娘的一句话点醒了他。多年后身患两种癌症，他依然感恩生活，领悟到”视角决定一切”的人生真谛。 【解析】1．考查形容词。句意：那是一个充满压力的过程，因繁忙的事业而更加恶化。A. lonely孤独的；B. stressful有压力的；C. gradual逐渐的；D. regular规律的。根据后文“worsened by a demanding career”以及“work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me”可知，建房过程让作者感到不堪重负，是一个充满压力的过程。 2．考查动词。句意：平衡工作、育儿和房子，对我来说常常显得过于沉重。A. Balancing平衡；B. Integrating整合；C. Skipping跳过；D. Choosing选择。根据后文“work, parenting, and the house often felt too much”可知，作者需要同时兼顾三件事，即在三者之间寻求平衡。 3．考查形容词。句意：店主并不十分友好，但因为是附近唯一的家具店，她赢得了我的光顾。A. silent沉默的；B. serious严肃的；C. friendly友好的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“received only one-or two-word answers”可知，店主回答非常简短，说明她并不友好。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。A. business生意；B. trust信任；C. admiration钦佩；D. approval认可。根据前文“it was the only furniture shop around”可知，因为没有别的选择，作者只能在她那里消费，“win one’s business”是固定搭配，意为“赢得某人的光顾”。 5．考查动词。句意：我买完几件灯具正要离开时，她坚定地直视我的眼睛说道：“无论你的生活多么艰难，总有人过得比你糟糕得多。”然后她走进了店铺的后面。A. replacing更换；B. fixing修理；C. examining检查；D. purchasing购买。根据前文“as it was the only furniture shop around, she won my ____.”可知作者走进灯具店并赢得了店主的生意，推断作者在店里购买了一些灯具。 6．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. plain平凡的；B. fruitless无果的；C. tough艰难的；D. changeable多变的。根据前文“____ work, parenting, and the house often felt too much for me.”可知作者感到工作、育儿、建房压力巨大，推断店主说的是“不管你的生活看起来有多艰难”。 7．考查名词。句意：她的话让我大吃一惊，至今仍清晰记得自己上卡车时，觉得她行为如此无礼、完全不合规矩。A. strategy策略；B. comment话语；C. complaint抱怨；D. advice建议。根据前文店主说的“However tough your life seems, someone always has it far worse.”可知，这是店主说的一句话/评论，作者被这番话震惊了。 8．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. selfish自私的；C. strict严格的；D. wise明智的。根据前文店主简短冷淡的回答以及突然说出那样的话，作者当时觉得她很粗鲁。且与后文“wasn’t offering those words with kindness”呼应。 9．考查动词短语。句意：但当我回到家时，我反思了她的话。A. believed in相信；B. reflected on反思；C. worried about担心；D. benefited from受益于。根据后文“Then it hit me”可知，作者回家后仔细思考了店主的话，然后才突然领悟。 10．考查副词。句意：然后我突然意识到——她完全是对的。A. absolutely绝对地；B. slightly稍微；C. barely几乎不；D. temporarily暂时地。根据后文“What she said deeply impacted my life”可知，店主的话对作者影响深远，说明她说得完全正确。 11．考查形容词。句意：店主说那些话并非出于善意，但这无关紧要。A. evident明显的；B. meaningless无意义的；C. irrelevant无关紧要的；D. typical典型的。根据前文“wasn’t offering those words with kindness”及转折连词but可知，虽然她不是出于善意，但这并不重要，重要的是她的话深深影响了作者。 12．考查动词。句意：她一定是在我身上看到了什么，才促使她说了那番话，这帮助我认识到一个至关重要的真理：视角决定一切。A. indicated表明；B. interrupted打断；C. confirmed确认；D. motivated促使。根据前文“She must have seen something in me ”可推断店主看到作者身上的某种状态（疲惫、压力大），才促使她说出那番话。 13．考查动词。句意：同上。A. declare宣布；B. analyze分析；C. expose揭露；D. realize认识到。根据后文“perspective is everything”可知，这是作者领悟到的道理，“realize the truth”意为“认识到真理”。 14．考查动词。句意：我想那位女士根本无法预料，我会如此重视她的话。A. forgotten忘记；B. imagined想象；C. recorded记录；D. proved证明。根据后文“Years later, I found myself with two types of cancer”可知，店主不可能预料到多年后作者身患癌症时仍记得她的话，即她无法想象这句话对作者影响之深。 15．考查形容词。句意：但我已经接受过多种治疗，现在我感到幸运，仅仅因为我每天早上醒来都有机会享受生活本来的样子。A. calm平静的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“simply because I can wake up each morning with the opportunity to enjoy my life as it is”可知，身患两种癌症仍能享受每一天，作者感到非常幸运。 Passage 2 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The 16 of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived 17 three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The 18 were never-ending. I was a 19 in their eyes. As I grow older, I’m more and more 20 for my small town roots. Sure, my friends and I loved to 21 about how bored we were in the middle of nowhere; 22 , as I finish up my junior year of college, I’m convinced that it took 23 our small town to realize how much we actually loved it and what exactly we loved about it. The pace of life is slow and people 24 connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an 25 of your family. Much of this 26 centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your 27 is a critical part of the culture. As I move through my college years, I 28 the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the 29 that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can 30 my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 16．A．fantasy B．prejudice C．realization D．expectation 17．A．only B．indeed C．still D．even 18．A．tests B．questions C．games D．debates 19．A．success B．victim C．novelty D．problem 20．A．thankful B．hopeful C．suitable D．reliable 21．A．dream B．lie C．hear D．complain 22．A．therefore B．however C．instead D．otherwise 23．A．touring B．changing C．leaving D．protecting 24．A．value B．admit C．fear D．remember 25．A．advantage B．example C．honor D．extension 26．A．lifestyle B．landscape C．procedure D．personality 27．A．findings B．surroundings C．belongings D．greetings 28．A．give up B．put off C．face up to D．look forward to 29．A．confidence B．reputation C．experience D．opportunity 30．A．inspire B．trust C．remind D．Challenge 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．B 【导语】文章主要讲述作者离家读大学后，慢慢感念故乡小镇生活的珍贵与美好。 【解析】16．考查名词。句意：在我去宾夕法尼亚州中部上学后，我很快意识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。A. fantasy幻想；B. prejudice偏见；C. realization领悟、认知；D. expectation期待。根据后文“how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania.”以及“most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world.”可知，作者上学后才认识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。 17．考查副词。句意：尽管我住的地方仅仅只有三个半小时路程，但大多数同学都觉得俄亥俄完全是另一个世界。A. only仅仅；B. indeed的确；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据后文“Do you have to fly home?”可知，同学误以为距离极远要坐飞机回家，实际路程很短，只有三个半小时路程。 18．考查名词。句意：各种各样的问题没完没了。A. tests测试；B. questions问题；C. games游戏；D. debates辩论。根据前文“Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?”可知， 同学们提出了一些列问题。 19．考查名词。句意：在他们眼中，我是一个少见新奇的人。A. success成功；B. victim受害者；C. novelty新奇的人；D. problem麻烦。根据前文““Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” The _____ were never-ending. ”可知，同学们对俄亥俄小镇和作者的情况不了解，很好奇，把作者当作新奇的外来者。 20．考查形容词。句意：随着年龄增长，我越来越感激自己的小镇出身。A. thankful感激的；B. hopeful满怀希望的；C. suitable合适的；D. reliable可靠的。根据后文“I am grateful for...”可知，作者心存感激。 21．考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. dream梦想；B. lie撒谎；C. hear听见；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“how bored we were”可知，作者和朋友从前经常抱怨小镇无趣。 22．考查连词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. instead相反；D. otherwise否则。前后从前嫌弃无聊、如今心生喜爱，存在转折关系。 23．考查动词。句意：诚然，从前我和朋友们总爱抱怨待在偏僻地方有多无聊，然而，在我读完大三之际，我确信只有离开小镇，我们才明白自己有多深爱这里、喜爱这里的点点滴滴。A. touring游览；B. changing改变；C. leaving离开；D. protecting保护。根据前文“after I went to school in central Pennsylvania”可知，作者离开家乡后才有全新看法，此处对应离开小镇才懂得珍惜。 24．考查动词。句意：这里生活节奏缓慢，人们十分看重彼此间的交往相处。A. value重视；B. admit承认；C. fear害怕；D. remember记住。根据后文“You do more than just talk to your neighbors — in a lot of cases, they’re truly an _____ of your family.”可知，邻里亲密如家人，能看出当地人珍视人际交往。 25．考查名词。句意：你不只是和邻居闲聊，多数时候邻居实实在在是自家家庭的延伸。A. advantage优势；B. example榜样；C. honor荣耀；D. extension延伸。根据前文“people _____ connecting to each other. You do more than just talk to your neighbors”可知，小镇邻里关系紧密，如同家庭的一部分延伸。 26．考查名词。句意：这种生活方式很大程度围绕户外活动、熟悉小镇大小事务展开。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. landscape风景；C. procedure流程；D. personality性格。根据前文“The pace of life is slow”以及后文“around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，慢节奏、邻里和睦都属于小镇独有的生活方式。 27．考查名词。句意：活在当下、留心周遭环境是这种文化里很关键的一部分。A. findings调研结果；B. surroundings周边环境；C. belongings私人物品；D. greetings问候。根据前文“Much of this _____ centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town”可知，留意身边环境属于文化的一部分。 28．考查动词短语。句意：大学期间，我十分期待回到小小的家乡探望。A. give up放弃；B. put off推迟；C. face up to直面；D. look forward to期待。根据后文“the visits to my little hometown”可知，作者内心感念故乡，因此盼望回乡探望。 29．考查名词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. confidence自信；B. reputation名声；C. experience经历；D. opportunity机遇。根据后文“ I had growing up”可知，全文记述从小到大在小镇的全部成长过往，对应成长经历。 30．考查动词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. inspire激励；B. trust信任、依靠；C. remind提醒；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“lead me in the right direction”可知，小镇塑造了自己的品性与处事准则，能够依靠小镇故土孕育的根基走向正确的道路。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $