专题02 指示代词、祈使句和There be句型（暑假复习讲义）新七年级英语新教材沪教版五四制

专题02 指示代词、祈使句和There be句型 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 指示代词 1. this/these 近指、that/those 远指单复数区分；交际专用 This is… 2. 比较句 that 代不可数名词、those 代复数；问答用 it/they 替代指示词 3. 成对物品用 pair 指代 1. 时态：弱化标志词，依托语境辨析；主将从现常年必考；语篇考查时态统一 2. 指示代词：情景交际、比较句为难点；结合单复数综合设题 3. 祈使句：生活警示、提醒场景；No + 动名词、Let 否定题型高频 4. There be：生活化场景；就近原则、there be 与 have 混用是核心陷阱；将来时必考 5. 整体命题趋势：淡化纯语法记忆，全部融入单选、语法选择、短文填空综合考查 祈使句 1. 肯定：动词原形开头、please 搭配；否定：Don’t + 动原、No + 动名词标语 2. Let sb. do 及否定结构；Be 型祈使句 There be 1. 表存在，区分 have 表拥有；就近一致原则 2. 肯否疑问转换；现 / 过 / 将来时态变形；there be sb. doing 结构 考情解码：本专题全部为英语基础核心语法，覆盖试卷所有基础题型，写作高频使用。时态、There be 句型属于重难点，失分率最高，典型错误包括时态混用、忽略就近原则、错用 there have；指示代词、祈使句难度偏低，但易混淆代词指代、否定句式结构。命题持续侧重语境化运用，不再单独机械考规则，常多知识点交叉出题，是试卷基础得分与拉分关键板块。 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 指示代词 分类 单数 复数 用法 例句 近指 this（这个） these（这些） 指代近处的人或物 This is a book.These are pens. 远指 that（那个） those（那些） 指代远处的人或物 That is a tree.Those are birds. 注意点 1. 介绍某人用：This is… 2. 电话用语：This is…（我是…）；Is that…?（你是… 吗？） 3. 回答时用 it/they 代替 —— —— —— 【典例破题】 The scissors are broken. I’d like to buy a new ______ this afternoon. A．it B．one C．this D．pair 【巩固提升1】 The population of Shanghai was larger than ________ of Hefei in 2024. A．that B．those C．it D．them 【巩固提升2】 ________ is a potato and ________ are tomatoes. A．This; those B．These; those C．That; this D．These; that 【巩固提升3】 —Hi, Millie. ________ my sister, Sandy. —Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you. A．It is B．Her is C．This is D．Those are 知识点二 祈使句 项目 具体内容 核心概念 用于表达命令、请求、建议、警告、禁止的句子，主语通常是第二人称 you（口语中常省略），语气根据语境可强可弱 基本结构（重点） 1.肯定式 基础型：动词原形 + 其他成分 礼貌型：Please + 动词原形 + 其他成分 / 动词原形 + 其他成分 + ，please. 2.否定式 - 基础禁止：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他成分 强调禁止：Never + 动词原形 + 其他成分（语气比 Don’t 更强） 典型例句（分类） 1. 命令型（语气强硬） the door.（关上门。） Stand up.（站起来。） 2. 请求型（带礼貌） Please help me.（请帮帮我。）- Pass the cup, please.（请把杯子递过来。） 3. 建议型（温和） - Drink more water.（多喝水。） - Let’s go to the park.（我们去公园吧。） 4. 禁止 / 警示型 - Don’t talk in class.（别在课堂上说话。） - Never play with fire.（千万别玩火。） 易错注意点 1. 句首必须用动词原形，不能加 s/es（如：Open 不能说 Opens）； 2.否定句直接加 Don’t，无需加助动词 do/does（如：Don’t eat 不能说 Doesn’t eat）； 3. 回应祈使句： - 同意：OK./All right./Sure. - 拒绝：Sorry, I won’t.（对不起，我不会了。） 【典例破题】 ________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 【巩固提升1】 Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 【巩固提升2】 —Please ________ to help your mother to pick up the apples. She is busy with it. —Sure, Dad! I’ll arrive at the apple garden early. A．don’t forget B．not to forget C．not forget D．forget not to 【巩固提升3】 —Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 知识点三 There be句型 句型名称 There be 句型 核心定义 表示“某地有某物/某人”，强调存在的状态，区别于“某人拥有某物”（have/has）。 基本结构 （含句式变化） 1. 肯定句：There + be动词（is/are/was/were）+ 主语 + 地点状语 2. 否定句：There + be动词 + not + 主语 + 地点状语 3. 疑问句：Be动词 + there + 主语 + 地点状语？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be动词 + there + 地点状语？ 核心用法 1. 表示某地存在某物/某人（无生命/有生命均可） 2. 可用于一般现在时、一般过去时（核心时态） 3. 表“某地有某物”，不能与have/has混用 4. 可接情态动词（如There must be...） 主谓一致规则 1. 就近原则：be动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定 2. 单数主语（可数名词单数/不可数名词）用is/was 3. 复数主语（可数名词复数）用are/were 4. 并列主语时，看最靠近be动词的名词 经典例句（含翻译） 1. There is a book on the desk.（桌子上有一本书。） 2. There are two cats in the room.（房间里有两只猫。） 3. There wasn’t any water in the bottle.（瓶子里没有水。） 4. How many students are there in your class?（你们班有多少学生？） 易错点提醒 1. 不可说“There have/has...”，需用There be 2. 牢记就近原则（易错点：并列主语时判断错误） 3. 否定句中，some变any（特殊情况除外） 4. 地点状语不可省略（明确“在哪里有”） 【典例破题】 —I think there ________ more AI teachers in our life. —I agree. The technology (科技) is changing the way we live. A．were B．are C．will be D．will have 【巩固提升1】 We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．is not going to have C．is going to be D．will not be 【巩固提升2】 When I entered the quiet lab, there ________ nobody ________ the expensive equipment. A．was; using B．were; using C．was; to use D．were; to use 【巩固提升3】 —There ________ an English speaking competition next week. —I want to ________ it to improve my English! A．will have; compete in B．is going to have; compete C．is going to be; compete in D．will be; compete 一、单项选择 1．—Will there be libraries in the future? —No, ________. People will use computers. A．there isn’t B．it isn’t C．there won’t D．it won’t 2．________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them. A．There have; are B．There have; have C．There is; are D．There are; have 3．There ________ an English party _________ the evening of Halloween. A．is going to be; in B．is going to be; on C．will be; in D．will have; on 4．The app shows that Bus No.3 is about 5 km ________ of the bus stop. There is no ________ in worrying. A．east; point B．the east; point C．east; need D．the east; need 5．—Why are you so excited, Ricky? —Because there ________ a big show on TV this evening. A．is going to have B．will have C．are going to be D．is going to be 6．—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A．It is B．It was C．There is D．There was 7．We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．is not going to have C．is going to be D．will not be 8．Which of the following sentences is correctly paused? A．There are/ storms/ from time to time in summer and/ autumn. B．There are storms/ from time to time in summer/ and autumn. C．There are storms/ from time to time/ in summer and autumn. D．There are storms/ from time to time in summer and autumn. 9．—Is there a supermarket near here? —________. It’s next to the school. A．Yes, there is B．No, there isn’t C．Yes, it is D．No, it isn’t 10．There ________ some important meetings this coming weekend. A．are going to have B．will have C．will be D．is going to be 11．—The floor is wet. ________ slowly, please. —OK, I’ll be careful. A．To walk B．Walk C．Walks D．Walking 12．________ more books about great people in our free time. A．Reads B．Read C．Reading D．To read 13．________ late for the speech about modern role models. A．Not be B．Don’t be C．No being D．Don’t 14．________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 15．Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 16．—Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 17．Close your eyes and ________ before blowing out birthday candles. A．make a wish B．makes a wish C．making a wish D．to make a wish 18．Lily is tired now because she ________ late to finish her homework last night. Don’t ________, please. A．put up; wake up her B．stays up; wake her up C．stayed up; wake her up D．stayed up; woke her up 19．Don’t ________ a promise easily. A．make B．makes C．made D．is making 20．It’s windy. Please ________ the window. A．close B．closes C．closing D．closed 21．The girl is flying a kite on ________. A．so a windy day B．such a windy day C．such windy day D．so windy day 22．—What are ________ over there? —________ are her computers. A．these; These B．they; These C．those; They D．those; Those 23．__________ are in the schoolbag. A．This pencil B．That pencil C．These pencil D．Those pencils 24．— What are those? — ________ ducks. A．Those are B．These are C．It’s D．They’re 25．—Mum! ________my English teacher, Miss Li. —Nice to meet you, Miss Li. A．This’s B．It is C．This is D．He is 26．—Hi, Millie. ________ my sister, Sandy. —Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you. A．It is B．Her is C．This is D．Those are 27．Which of the underlined pronouns (代词) is wrong? A．—I need something to cut the beef. —Oh, you want a knife. I’ll buy that for you. B．The number of the women teachers in our school is larger than that in their school. C．—How smoothly your pen writes! —Well, you can find one in the shop near our school. D．The house prices in Changzhou are much lower than those in one of the first-tier cities like Beijing. 28．—Are ________ your classmates? —Yes, and ________ are all very friendly. A．these; they B．them; they C．they; them D．those; them 29．What ________ it is to go surfing in ________ weather A．great fun; so fine B．a great fun; such a fine C．great fun; such fine D．great fun; such a fine 30．— Are those your pictures? — ________. They are Sally’s. A．Yes, they are B．Yes, those are C．No, they aren’t D．No, those aren’t 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Hi Mike, How are you? I want to tell you about my experience with Chinese folk art last weekend. On Saturdays, I 1 get up early. So I went to the folk art center early. There, I learned how to 2 paper cuttings. The teacher showed us some wonderful works first. Then we started to cut. I 3 made a paper flower, but it was not perfect. In the afternoon, I went to a museum with my friend. We saw many old clay figures and 4 about their history. On Sunday, I 5 go out. I stayed at home and 6 a book about shadow puppetry. I also tried to make a simple shadow puppet with cardboard. Sometimes I asked my dad to 7 me. In the evening, we watched a shadow puppetry show online. What about you? What do you 8 know about Chinese folk art? I’d love to know 9 you think of it. Looking forward to 10 from you soon! Wu Jun 1．A．seldom B．always C．never D．like 2．A．make B．makes C．made D．making 3．A．finally B．first C．quickly D．easily 4．A．learn B．learned C．learns D．learning 5．A．often B．usually C．sometimes D．seldom 6．A．read B．reads C．readed D．Reading 7．A．help B．helps C．helped D．helping 8．A．usually B．already C．never D．sometimes 9．A．what B．when C．where D．how 10．A．hear B．hears C．hearing D．heard Exams (考试) are important to students. But some schools give their students 1 exams. Study 2 up too much of their time and many students don’t have much time to sleep and exercise. It is not good 3 their health. To make students have 4 happy and healthy life, China makes some rules for schools. Now students of Grades One and Two don’t have to take written exams. Students of Grades Three to Six only have one exam a term. Students like the 5 . They can 6 themselves. Many parents think the rules are good too. Now 7 children have much time to play sports and join some clubs. There are many other rules for schools in China. For example, teachers 8 give homework to children in the first grade. Tutoring institutions (辅导机构) can’t teach school subjects. Schools have students’ favourite after-school classes 9 students can finish their homework at school. China wants these rules 10 good to the young children. What do you think of the rules? 1．A．too much B．too many C．much too 2．A．take B．takes C．taking 3．A．for B．at C．of 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．rule B．rule’s C．rules 6．A．relaxed B．relax C．relaxing 7．A．they B．theirs C．their 8．A．can B．can’t C．must 9．A．because B．but C．and 10．A．do B．doing C．to do Read the following passage and choose the correct answer. Alan lives in the city. Last summer, he 1 to visit his grandma. His grandma lives on a farm. After he arrived that morning, 2 grandma showed him around her farm. There were a lot of cows and some of them looked very lovely. Alan wanted 3 after them. “Alan, do you remember the milk you drank just now? It came from these 4 ,” said his grandma. “Let me tell you where milk comes from.” His grandma picked up a bottle, sat by a cow and started to milk the cow 5 . Alan watched closely (接近地) and shouted, “Wow, Grandma! The milk 6 out now!” After that, Grandma cooked the milk in the kitchen. Five minutes later, Alan got 7 glass of fresh milk. It tasted so good that Alan finished it quickly. “Grandma, 8 I go back, I’ll tell all my friends where milk comes from,” said Alan. “Can you teach me how to milk a cow now? I’m interested 9 it.” Grandma was very 10 . “Sure. Let’s milk them together,” she said. 1．A．goes B．went C．is going 2．A．he B．him C．his 3．A．look B．looking C．to look 4．A．cow B．cows C．cow’s 5．A．slow B．slowly C．slowness 6．A．come B．is coming C．are coming 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．although B．because C．when 9．A．in B．by C．with 10．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词。） Bob’s brother Eric and his friends are playing dodgeball (躲避球). Bob wants 1 (join) them. “Can I play? It looks 2 (interest).” Bob says. “Do you know the rules of dodgeball?” they ask. “No, but I can learn. Could you teach 3 (I)?” Eric tells the rules to him, “We have two teams. One team stands outside the circle and throws (扔) the ball. The other team 4 (stay) in the middle to dodge (躲避). 5 (usual), no one wants to get hit (被击中).” Bob thinks it is easy. “Let’s start!” He says. Julie, one of 6 (Eric) friends, throws the ball first. “Oh, no!” Bob shouts—the ball hits him. “You’re out!” “Waaah...” Bob cries. “The ball goes too fast!” “It’s OK. It’s your 7 (one) time to play dodgeball. Let’s do it one more time.” Eric says kindly. They play again. This time, Eric throws the ball. Bob catches it, but he starts running away 8 it. Eric laughs and says, “No, Bob! 9 (not run). If you catch the ball, it means you win and you can bring one of your teammates back in.” Now, Bob knows there are so many special 10 (rule) about this game. He has to keep them in mind and practise more. Nothing can be achieved without rules. 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词适当形式填空 (每空不多于3个单词)。 Do you know World Egg Day? It is on the second Friday 1 October each year. It’s a special day for eggs. And it tells people that eggs are important and 2 (health). It’s common to have eggs around the world. In China, many people are good at 3 (make) different foods with eggs. Tea eggs have a long history in China. Lots of restaurants sell 4 (they). It’s easy for people 5 (order) them in restaurants. Many people in China would like to make tea eggs and eat them during Chinese New Year, 6 the tea egg is a symbol of good luck. 7 (tomato) and eggs pair (配对) well. People use them to make many 8 (dish). Chinese people of all ages like eating tomato and egg noodles. Tomato and egg soup is also popular. It’s 9 (real) nice to have some tomato and egg soup in cold winter. If you want 10 (eat) eggs with meat, you can try egg foo young (芙蓉蛋). It’s OK to make it with beef. It’s also a good choice to make it with chicken. Eggs are such a great star in Chinese food. Do you eat it every day? 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 指示代词、祈使句和There be句型 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学，以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识，重构整合形成体系 脉络重构：快速扫描高频考点，定位薄区 典例破题：精选例题，呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升：趁热打铁练一练，强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练，梯度设题；查漏补缺，闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 指示代词 1. this/these 近指、that/those 远指单复数区分；交际专用 This is… 2. 比较句 that 代不可数名词、those 代复数；问答用 it/they 替代指示词 3. 成对物品用 pair 指代 1. 时态：弱化标志词，依托语境辨析；主将从现常年必考；语篇考查时态统一 2. 指示代词：情景交际、比较句为难点；结合单复数综合设题 3. 祈使句：生活警示、提醒场景；No + 动名词、Let 否定题型高频 4. There be：生活化场景；就近原则、there be 与 have 混用是核心陷阱；将来时必考 5. 整体命题趋势：淡化纯语法记忆，全部融入单选、语法选择、短文填空综合考查 祈使句 1. 肯定：动词原形开头、please 搭配；否定：Don’t + 动原、No + 动名词标语 2. Let sb. do 及否定结构；Be 型祈使句 There be 1. 表存在，区分 have 表拥有；就近一致原则 2. 肯否疑问转换；现 / 过 / 将来时态变形；there be sb. doing 结构 考情解码：本专题全部为英语基础核心语法，覆盖试卷所有基础题型，写作高频使用。时态、There be 句型属于重难点，失分率最高，典型错误包括时态混用、忽略就近原则、错用 there have；指示代词、祈使句难度偏低，但易混淆代词指代、否定句式结构。命题持续侧重语境化运用，不再单独机械考规则，常多知识点交叉出题，是试卷基础得分与拉分关键板块。 ( 脉 ｜ 络 ｜ 重 ｜ 构 ) ( 考 ｜ 点 ｜ 精 ｜ 讲 ) 知识点一 指示代词 分类 单数 复数 用法 例句 近指 this（这个） these（这些） 指代近处的人或物 This is a book.These are pens. 远指 that（那个） those（那些） 指代远处的人或物 That is a tree.Those are birds. 注意点 1. 介绍某人用：This is… 2. 电话用语：This is…（我是…）；Is that…?（你是… 吗？） 3. 回答时用 it/they 代替 —— —— —— 【典例破题】 The scissors are broken. I’d like to buy a new ______ this afternoon. A．it B．one C．this D．pair 【答案】D 句意：这把剪刀坏了。今天下午我想买一把新的。 考查代词。it它，指代同类同物；one一个，泛指同类中的不同个；this这个；pair一对，一双。因为剪刀是成双成对出现，所以要买一把新的，用pair。故选D。 【巩固提升1】 The population of Shanghai was larger than ________ of Hefei in 2024. A．that B．those C．it D．them 【答案】A 句意：2024年，上海的人口比合肥的多。 考查代词辨析。that那个；those那些；it它；them它们。根据“The population of Shanghai was larger than ... of Hefei”可知，此处是比较上海和合肥的人口，population是不可数名词，为避免重复，可用that指代前文提到的人口。故选A。 【巩固提升2】 ________ is a potato and ________ are tomatoes. A．This; those B．These; those C．That; this D．These; that 【答案】A 句意：这是一个土豆，那些是西红柿。 考查指示代词辨析。This这个，指代或修饰较近的人或物，单数；those那些，指代或修饰较远的人或物，复数；These这些，指代或修饰较近的人或物，复数；That那个，指代或修饰较远的人或物，单数。根据“is a potato”和“are tomatoes”可知，第一空后为is，空处指示代词需用单数，this或that；排除B和D，又因第二空后为are，第二空处指示代词需用复数，those“那些”符合语境。故选A。 【巩固提升3】 —Hi, Millie. ________ my sister, Sandy. —Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you. A．It is B．Her is C．This is D．Those are 【答案】C 句意：——嗨，米莉。这是我的妹妹桑迪。—— 嗨，桑迪。很高兴见到你。 考查指示代词的用法。根据答语“Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you.”可知，此处应该填入This is，表达这是我的妹妹桑迪。故选C。 知识点二 祈使句 项目 具体内容 核心概念 用于表达命令、请求、建议、警告、禁止的句子，主语通常是第二人称 you（口语中常省略），语气根据语境可强可弱 基本结构（重点） 1.肯定式 基础型：动词原形 + 其他成分 礼貌型：Please + 动词原形 + 其他成分 / 动词原形 + 其他成分 + ，please. 2.否定式 - 基础禁止：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他成分 强调禁止：Never + 动词原形 + 其他成分（语气比 Don’t 更强） 典型例句（分类） 1. 命令型（语气强硬） the door.（关上门。） Stand up.（站起来。） 2. 请求型（带礼貌） Please help me.（请帮帮我。）- Pass the cup, please.（请把杯子递过来。） 3. 建议型（温和） - Drink more water.（多喝水。） - Let’s go to the park.（我们去公园吧。） 4. 禁止 / 警示型 - Don’t talk in class.（别在课堂上说话。） - Never play with fire.（千万别玩火。） 易错注意点 1. 句首必须用动词原形，不能加 s/es（如：Open 不能说 Opens）； 2.否定句直接加 Don’t，无需加助动词 do/does（如：Don’t eat 不能说 Doesn’t eat）； 3. 回应祈使句： - 同意：OK./All right./Sure. - 拒绝：Sorry, I won’t.（对不起，我不会了。） 【典例破题】 ________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 【答案】A 句意：不要让你的哥哥整天玩电脑游戏。这对他的眼睛有害。 根据后句“It’s bad for his eyes.”可知，此处建议不要让他玩游戏。祈使句否定形式以Don’t开头；let sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，后接动词原形，应填Don’t let；play。 【巩固提升1】 Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 【答案】C 句意：请在图书馆里保持安静。你的同学们正在看书。 根据“Please”可知，此处为祈使句，Please后接动词原形，be quiet表示“保持安静”，be符合语境。 【巩固提升2】 —Please ________ to help your mother to pick up the apples. She is busy with it. —Sure, Dad! I’ll arrive at the apple garden early. A．don’t forget B．not to forget C．not forget D．forget not to 【答案】A 句意：——请不要忘记帮你妈妈捡苹果。她正忙着呢。——好的，爸爸！我会早点到苹果园的。 祈使句的否定结构为“don’t + 动词原形”。根据语境是父亲提醒孩子不要忘记帮忙，应用don’t forget。 【巩固提升3】 —Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 【答案】D 句意：——看这个标志，“禁止游泳！”——所以在这里游泳一定很危险。 Don’t 不要；Not 不；Not be 不是；No 没有/禁止。根据“...swimming!”和“So it must be dangerous to swim here.”可知，很危险，说明是“禁止游泳”，常用结构为“No + 动名词/名词”，swimming 为动名词，故用No。Don’t后需接动词原形 swim，排除A。 知识点三 There be句型 句型名称 There be 句型 核心定义 表示“某地有某物/某人”，强调存在的状态，区别于“某人拥有某物”（have/has）。 基本结构 （含句式变化） 1. 肯定句：There + be动词（is/are/was/were）+ 主语 + 地点状语 2. 否定句：There + be动词 + not + 主语 + 地点状语 3. 疑问句：Be动词 + there + 主语 + 地点状语？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be动词 + there + 地点状语？ 核心用法 1. 表示某地存在某物/某人（无生命/有生命均可） 2. 可用于一般现在时、一般过去时（核心时态） 3. 表“某地有某物”，不能与have/has混用 4. 可接情态动词（如There must be...） 主谓一致规则 1. 就近原则：be动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定 2. 单数主语（可数名词单数/不可数名词）用is/was 3. 复数主语（可数名词复数）用are/were 4. 并列主语时，看最靠近be动词的名词 经典例句（含翻译） 1. There is a book on the desk.（桌子上有一本书。） 2. There are two cats in the room.（房间里有两只猫。） 3. There wasn’t any water in the bottle.（瓶子里没有水。） 4. How many students are there in your class?（你们班有多少学生？） 易错点提醒 1. 不可说“There have/has...”，需用There be 2. 牢记就近原则（易错点：并列主语时判断错误） 3. 否定句中，some变any（特殊情况除外） 4. 地点状语不可省略（明确“在哪里有”） 【典例破题】 —I think there ________ more AI teachers in our life. —I agree. The technology (科技) is changing the way we live. A．were B．are C．will be D．will have 【答案】C 句意：——我认为在我们的生活中将会有更多人工智能老师。——我同意。科技正在改变我们的生活方式。 考查there be句型和时态。根据“The technology (科技) is changing the way we live.”可知，此处应是对将来情况的推测，将来会有更多人工智能老师，要用一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be。故选C。 【巩固提升1】 We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．is not going to have C．is going to be D．will not be 【答案】D 句意：我们希望世界上不会有战争。每个人都能过上幸福的生活。 考查there be句型的一般将来时及否定形式。根据空前“there”可知，此处考查there be句型，结合选项分析，这里是there be句型的一般将来时，其结构为there will be或there is/are going to be，排除A和B；再根据下文“Everyone can live a happy life.”可知，每个人都能过上幸福的生活，所以这里是人们希望没有战争，应用否定形式，排除C。故选D。 【巩固提升2】 When I entered the quiet lab, there ________ nobody ________ the expensive equipment. A．was; using B．were; using C．was; to use D．were; to use 【答案】A 句意：当我进入安静的实验室时，没有人在使用那台昂贵的设备。 考查there be句型。there be句型中be动词的单复数由后面的主语“nobody”决定，nobody为单数，故用was；其次，nobody与use之间为主动关系，且表示“正在使用”时，需用现在分词using作后置定语修饰nobody。故选A。 【巩固提升3】 —There ________ an English speaking competition next week. —I want to ________ it to improve my English! A．will have; compete in B．is going to have; compete C．is going to be; compete in D．will be; compete 【答案】C 句意：——下周会有一场英语演讲比赛。——我想参加比赛来提高我的英语。 考查There be句型和动词短语。第一句是“There be”句型，根据“next week”可知应用一般将来时，因此可表示为“be going to be/will be”，排除选项A和B；“参加比赛”应用“compete in”。故选C。 一、单项选择 1．—Will there be libraries in the future? —No, ________. People will use computers. A．there isn’t B．it isn’t C．there won’t D．it won’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——将来会有图书馆吗？  ——不，不会的。人们将使用电脑。 考查there be结构的一般将来时态。分析句子结构，该问句为“there be”句型的一般将来时，答语也应用一般将来时，其否定回答应为“there won’t”。故选C。 2．________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them. A．There have; are B．There have; have C．There is; are D．There are; have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我班上有20个女孩，他们中有我的两个好朋友。 考查there be结构以及have的用法。根据“20 girls in my class”可知，本句为there be句型，表示“某地有某物”，排除选项A和B；20 girls为名词复数，be动词需are，排除选项C；根据“I...two good friends of them”可知，此处指我“有”两个朋友，用动词have。故选D。 3．There ________ an English party _________ the evening of Halloween. A．is going to be; in B．is going to be; on C．will be; in D．will have; on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：万圣节晚上将有一个英语派对。 考查将来时态和介词用法。根据“the evening of Halloween”可知，句子描述的是将来某个具体时间（万圣节晚上）会发生的事情，there be句型将来时结构为“there is/are going to be”。此外，表示具体某一天的晚上用介词“on”，而不是“in”。故选B。 4．The app shows that Bus No.3 is about 5 km ________ of the bus stop. There is no ________ in worrying. A．east; point B．the east; point C．east; need D．the east; need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：应用程序显示，3路公交车在公交站以东约5公里处。没必要担心。 考查方位词和固定句型。There is no need to do sth.“没有必要做某事”；There is no point in doing sth.“做某事没有意义”。“east”作副词时，表示“向东；在东方” ，“Bus No.3 is about 5 km east of the bus stop.”意思是“3 路公交车在公交车站以东大约 5 公里处” ，此时“east”直接用于表示方向，前面不需要加定冠词“the” ；“There is no point in doing sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事没有意义”，此处是说没必要担心，所以用point。故选A。 5．—Why are you so excited, Ricky? —Because there ________ a big show on TV this evening. A．is going to have B．will have C．are going to be D．is going to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么如此兴奋，Ricky？——因为今晚电视上将有一场大型演出。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。分析句子可知，此处是there be句型的一般将来时，其结构是there is/are going to be或there will be，排除A、B选项；主语“a big show”是单数名词，be动词用is。故选D。 6．—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A．It is B．It was C．There is D．There was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的电脑出了些问题。我能使用你的吗？——没问题。 考查There be句型。分析句意可知，电脑存在一些问题，英语中的“存在”用there be句型表达。另外，there be句型使用时be动词与主语单复数一致，不定代词something作单数，应用there is。故选C。 7．We hope there ________ war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A．will not have B．is not going to have C．is going to be D．will not be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们希望世界上不会有战争。每个人都能过上幸福的生活。 考查there be句型的一般将来时及否定形式。根据空前“there”可知，此处考查there be句型，结合选项分析，这里是there be句型的一般将来时，其结构为there will be或there is/are going to be，排除A和B；再根据下文“Everyone can live a happy life.”可知，每个人都能过上幸福的生活，所以这里是人们希望没有战争，应用否定形式，排除C。故选D。 8．Which of the following sentences is correctly paused? A．There are/ storms/ from time to time in summer and/ autumn. B．There are storms/ from time to time in summer/ and autumn. C．There are storms/ from time to time/ in summer and autumn. D．There are storms/ from time to time in summer and autumn. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的停顿是正确的？夏秋季节时不时会有暴风雨。 根据英语意群划分规则，句子应按意群停顿。“There are storms”是句子主干，“from time to time”是频率状语，“in summer and autumn”是时间状语，这三部分均单独划分。 9．—Is there a supermarket near here? —________. It’s next to the school. A．Yes, there is B．No, there isn’t C．Yes, it is D．No, it isn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这附近有超市吗？——是的，有。它在学校旁边。 Yes, there is是的，有；No, there isn’t不，没有；Yes, it is是的，它是；No, it isn’t不，它不是。问句由Is there引导，回答需用there be结构，即“Yes, there is.”或“No, there isn’t.”。根据后句“It’s next to the school.”可知超市存在，需用肯定回答。故选A。 10．There ________ some important meetings this coming weekend. A．are going to have B．will have C．will be D．is going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个周末将有一些重要的会议。 本句为There be句型，表示“某处有某物”，根据时间状语this coming weekend可知用一般将来时，结构为there will be或there is/are going to be。主语some important meetings为复数，谓语对应复数形式，will be符合要求。 11．—The floor is wet. ________ slowly, please. —OK, I’ll be careful. A．To walk B．Walk C．Walks D．Walking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——地面是湿的。请慢点走。——好的，我会小心的。 根据“The floor is wet...slowly, please.”可知，此处是提醒对方小心地面湿滑，应用祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头。应填Walk。 12．________ more books about great people in our free time. A．Reads B．Read C．Reading D．To read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们的空闲时间多读些关于伟人的书。 本句为祈使句，祈使句直接用动词原形开头，故选Read。 13．________ late for the speech about modern role models. A．Not be B．Don’t be C．No being D．Don’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：关于现代榜样的演讲不要迟到。 Not be错误表达；Don’t be不要；No being没有这种用法；Don’t不要（后面需接动词原形）。根据语境可知，这是一个否定的祈使句，表示“不要做某事”，结构为“Don’t+动词原形”，late为形容词，前面需要加be动词，因此“Don’t be late”符合语法。 14．________ your brother ________ computer games all day. It’s bad for his eyes. A．Don’t let; play B．Let; play C．Let’s; not play D．Let; don’t play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要让你的哥哥整天玩电脑游戏。这对他的眼睛有害。 根据后句“It’s bad for his eyes.”可知，此处建议不要让他玩游戏。祈使句否定形式以Don’t开头；let sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，后接动词原形，应填Don’t let；play。 15．Please ________ quiet in the library. Your classmates are reading. A．is B．are C．be D．to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在图书馆里保持安静。你的同学们正在看书。 根据“Please”可知，此处为祈使句，Please后接动词原形，be quiet表示“保持安静”，be符合语境。 16．—Look at the sign, “________ swimming!” —So it must be dangerous to swim here. A．Don’t B．Not C．Not be D．No 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看这个标志，“禁止游泳！”——所以在这里游泳一定很危险。 Don’t 不要；Not 不；Not be 不是；No 没有/禁止。根据“...swimming!”和“So it must be dangerous to swim here.”可知，很危险，说明是“禁止游泳”，常用结构为“No + 动名词/名词”，swimming 为动名词，故用No。Don’t后需接动词原形 swim，排除A。 17．Close your eyes and ________ before blowing out birthday candles. A．make a wish B．makes a wish C．making a wish D．to make a wish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：吹灭生日蜡烛前闭上眼睛许个愿。 根据句子结构可知，“and”连接了两个并列的祈使句动作，前文使用了动词原形“Close”，因此“and”之后也的动词应保持句式一致，使用动词原形来构成祈使句，故填make a wish。 18．Lily is tired now because she ________ late to finish her homework last night. Don’t ________, please. A．put up; wake up her B．stays up; wake her up C．stayed up; wake her up D．stayed up; woke her up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莉莉现在很累，因为她昨晚熬夜写作业。请别叫醒她。 put up张贴；stay up熬夜。根据“tired”可知，她感到累是因为昨晚熬夜了，结合时间状语“last night”可知此句用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式stayed up；助动词“Don’t”后接动词原形，wake up是“动词+副词”结构的短语，代词宾格要放在短语中间，wake her up用法正确。 19．Don’t ________ a promise easily. A．make B．makes C．made D．is making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要轻易许下承诺。 此处是祈使句的否定形式，Don’t+动词原形，因此选make。 20．It’s windy. Please ________ the window. A．close B．closes C．closing D．closed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天有风。请关上窗户。   句中“Please”后接动词原形构成祈使句，表示请求或命令，因此空格处应填动词原形close。 21．The girl is flying a kite on ________. A．so a windy day B．such a windy day C．such windy day D．so windy day 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个女孩在这么大风的天气放风筝。 考查such和so的用法区别。such修饰名词或名词短语，即 such a +形容词+名词；so修饰形容词或副词，结构为 so +形容词+ a +名词；介词on后需接具体某一天，如“on a sunny day”。选项B的“such a windy day”符合这一用法。故选B。 22．—What are ________ over there? —________ are her computers. A．these; These B．they; These C．those; They D．those; Those 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那边那些是什么？——它们是她的电脑。 考查代词辨析。these这些；they他/她/它们；those那些。第一空，根据“over there（在那边）”可知距离较远，用“those”；第二空，回答时要用“they”来指代远处的复数事物“those”，避免重复，“these”指近处，不符合语境 。所以第一空填those，第二空填They。故选C。 23．__________ are in the schoolbag. A．This pencil B．That pencil C．These pencil D．Those pencils 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那些铅笔在书包里。 考查主谓一致及名词复数。“are”前需用复数主语，“These/Those”后接可数名词复数，“pencils”是复数，符合；A、B 是单数主语，C中“pencil” 未用复数。故选D。 24．— What are those? — ________ ducks. A．Those are B．These are C．It’s D．They’re 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——那些是什么？——它们是鸭子。 考查代词用法。对于 “those（那些 ）” 的提问，回答用 “They’re（它们是 ）” 指代；“Those are（那些是 ，重复提问词 ，不简洁 ）”；“These are（这些是 ，指代近物 ，与提问不符 ）”；“It’s（它是 ，指代单数 ，与复数提问不符 ）” 表意不当。故选 D。 25．—Mum! ________my English teacher, Miss Li. —Nice to meet you, Miss Li. A．This’s B．It is C．This is D．He is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这是我的英语老师，李老师。——很高兴见到您，李老师。 考查情景交际。this is这（位）是；it is它是；he is 他是。在日常交际中，当向别人介绍“这是某人”时，可以说“This is sb.”，其中this和is不能缩写。故选C。 26．—Hi, Millie. ________ my sister, Sandy. —Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you. A．It is B．Her is C．This is D．Those are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，米莉。这是我的妹妹桑迪。—— 嗨，桑迪。很高兴见到你。 考查指示代词的用法。根据答语“Hi, Sandy. Nice to meet you.”可知，此处应该填入This is，表达这是我的妹妹桑迪。故选C。 27．Which of the underlined pronouns (代词) is wrong? A．—I need something to cut the beef. —Oh, you want a knife. I’ll buy that for you. B．The number of the women teachers in our school is larger than that in their school. C．—How smoothly your pen writes! —Well, you can find one in the shop near our school. D．The house prices in Changzhou are much lower than those in one of the first-tier cities like Beijing. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下列哪项中划线的代词使用错误？ 考查代词的用法辨析。A选项错误：“that”不能指代前文“a knife”，应改为“one”。因 为“that”用于指代“特指的单数名词 / 不可数名词”，“one”用于指代“泛指的同类单数可数名词”；B选项正确：“that”指代“the number”，避免重复；C选项正确：“one”指代“pen”；D选项正确：“those”指代“house prices”。故选A。 28．—Are ________ your classmates? —Yes, and ________ are all very friendly. A．these; they B．them; they C．they; them D．those; them 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这些是你的同学吗？——是的，而且他们都非常友好。 考查代词的主格和宾格用法。these这些；they他们；them他们，宾格；those那些。根据“Are…your classmates?”可知，此处在be动词Are后面，需要用主格或指示代词作主语；根据“Yes, and…are all very friendly.”可知，第二空在be动词are前面，需要主格they作主语，指代前面的classmates。故选A。 29．What ________ it is to go surfing in ________ weather A．great fun; so fine B．a great fun; such a fine C．great fun; such fine D．great fun; such a fine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这么好的天气里去冲浪是多么有趣啊！ 考查不可数名词和such/so的用法。fun是不可数名词，不能用a修饰，所以排除B。weather也是不可数名词，不能用a修饰，所以排除D。so用来修饰形容词或副词，such用来修饰名词短语，fine weather是名词短语，所以用such，排除A。故选C。 30．— Are those your pictures? — ________. They are Sally’s. A．Yes, they are B．Yes, those are C．No, they aren’t D．No, those aren’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那些是你的画吗？——不，不是。它们是萨莉的。 考查一般疑问句的回答及代词用法。根据答语“They are Sally’s”可知，此处应为否定回答；且英语中用these / those提问时，答语需用they指代。故选C。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Hi Mike, How are you? I want to tell you about my experience with Chinese folk art last weekend. On Saturdays, I 1 get up early. So I went to the folk art center early. There, I learned how to 2 paper cuttings. The teacher showed us some wonderful works first. Then we started to cut. I 3 made a paper flower, but it was not perfect. In the afternoon, I went to a museum with my friend. We saw many old clay figures and 4 about their history. On Sunday, I 5 go out. I stayed at home and 6 a book about shadow puppetry. I also tried to make a simple shadow puppet with cardboard. Sometimes I asked my dad to 7 me. In the evening, we watched a shadow puppetry show online. What about you? What do you 8 know about Chinese folk art? I’d love to know 9 you think of it. Looking forward to 10 from you soon! Wu Jun 1．A．seldom B．always C．never D．like 2．A．make B．makes C．made D．making 3．A．finally B．first C．quickly D．easily 4．A．learn B．learned C．learns D．learning 5．A．often B．usually C．sometimes D．seldom 6．A．read B．reads C．readed D．Reading 7．A．help B．helps C．helped D．helping 8．A．usually B．already C．never D．sometimes 9．A．what B．when C．where D．how 10．A．hear B．hears C．hearing D．heard 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是吴俊写给迈克的邮件，讲述了自己上周末体验中国民间艺术的经历，包括剪纸、参观博物馆和制作皮影戏活动。 1．句意：周六，我总是起得很早。 根据后文“So I went to the folk art center early.”可知，他早早去了艺术中心，说明他起得早。这里表示一种习惯性的动作，说明作者“总是”早起。always“总是”，符合语境。 2．句意：在那里，我学习如何制作剪纸。 “how to”后接动词原形，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，to后接动词原形。 3．句意：我最终制作了一个纸花，但这并不完美。 根据前文老师展示后开始剪，此处描述结果，finally符合逻辑。Quickly和easily与“not perfect”语境不符，first时序不对。 4．句意：我们看见了许多旧泥人并了解了它们的历史。 根据并列连词and前的saw可知，此处需用一般过去时。所以用过去式learned。 5．句意：周日，我很少出门。 根据后文“I stayed at home”可知他待在家里，说明不常出门。seldom“很少”符合逻辑。often“经常”、usually“通常”、sometimes“有时”均与“stay at home”矛盾。 6．句意：我待在家里并读了一本关于皮影戏的书 根据并列连词and前的stayed可知，此处需用一般过去时，read过去式拼写不变。 7．句意：有时我请爸爸帮我。 ask sb. to do sth.表示“请某人做某事”，to后接动词原形help。 8．句意：关于中国民间艺术你已经了解些什么呢？ 此处询问对方在写信之前是否“已经”了解了一些相关知识，强调到说话时为止的状态，用already最符合语境。 9．句意：我很想知道你怎么看待它。 what do you think of...? 为固定句型，意为“你认为……怎么样？”，what作think的宾语。 10．句意：期待很快收到你的来信！ look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词hearing。 Exams (考试) are important to students. But some schools give their students 1 exams. Study 2 up too much of their time and many students don’t have much time to sleep and exercise. It is not good 3 their health. To make students have 4 happy and healthy life, China makes some rules for schools. Now students of Grades One and Two don’t have to take written exams. Students of Grades Three to Six only have one exam a term. Students like the 5 . They can 6 themselves. Many parents think the rules are good too. Now 7 children have much time to play sports and join some clubs. There are many other rules for schools in China. For example, teachers 8 give homework to children in the first grade. Tutoring institutions (辅导机构) can’t teach school subjects. Schools have students’ favourite after-school classes 9 students can finish their homework at school. China wants these rules 10 good to the young children. What do you think of the rules? 1．A．too much B．too many C．much too 2．A．take B．takes C．taking 3．A．for B．at C．of 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．rule B．rule’s C．rules 6．A．relaxed B．relax C．relaxing 7．A．they B．theirs C．their 8．A．can B．can’t C．must 9．A．because B．but C．and 10．A．do B．doing C．to do 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国为减轻学生考试负担、保障学生身心健康而出台的一系列教育新规。 1．句意：但一些学校给学生安排了太多考试。 exams是可数名词复数，需用too many修饰。too much修饰不可数名词，much too修饰形容词或副词。 2．句意：学习占据了他们太多时间。 Study在此处为动名词作主语，视为第三人称单数，谓语动词用takes。 3．句意：这对他们的健康不好。 be good for意为“对……有益”，形容词短语。 4．句意：为了让学生拥有快乐健康的生活。 have a...life意为“拥有一种……的生活”，happy以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 5．句意：学生们喜欢这些规则。 前文提到中国出台了多项规则，此处用复数形式指代这些规定。 6．句意：他们可以放松自己。 情态动词can后接动词原形，relax为动词原形，意为“放松”。relaxed是形容词，relaxing是现在分词。 7．句意：现在他们的孩子有更多时间做运动和参加俱乐部。 修饰名词children需用形容词性物主代词their。they是主格，theirs是名词性物主代词。 8．句意：老师不能给一年级的孩子布置作业。 根据前文新规精神，一年级不布置书面作业，此处表示“不能”，用can’t。 9．句意：学校开设学生喜欢的课后班，学生可以在学校完成作业。 前后句为并列顺承关系，用and连接。because表原因，but表转折，均不符合语境。 10．句意：中国希望这些规则对幼儿有益。 want sth. to do意为“希望某物做某事”，是固定用法，用不定式to do。 Read the following passage and choose the correct answer. Alan lives in the city. Last summer, he 1 to visit his grandma. His grandma lives on a farm. After he arrived that morning, 2 grandma showed him around her farm. There were a lot of cows and some of them looked very lovely. Alan wanted 3 after them. “Alan, do you remember the milk you drank just now? It came from these 4 ,” said his grandma. “Let me tell you where milk comes from.” His grandma picked up a bottle, sat by a cow and started to milk the cow 5 . Alan watched closely (接近地) and shouted, “Wow, Grandma! The milk 6 out now!” After that, Grandma cooked the milk in the kitchen. Five minutes later, Alan got 7 glass of fresh milk. It tasted so good that Alan finished it quickly. “Grandma, 8 I go back, I’ll tell all my friends where milk comes from,” said Alan. “Can you teach me how to milk a cow now? I’m interested 9 it.” Grandma was very 10 . “Sure. Let’s milk them together,” she said. 1．A．goes B．went C．is going 2．A．he B．him C．his 3．A．look B．looking C．to look 4．A．cow B．cows C．cow’s 5．A．slow B．slowly C．slowness 6．A．come B．is coming C．are coming 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．although B．because C．when 9．A．in B．by C．with 10．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了Alan去年夏天去乡下奶奶的农场，第一次了解到牛奶是如何从奶牛身上来的，并对挤牛奶产生了浓厚兴趣的故事。 1．句意：去年夏天，他去看望他的奶奶。 根据时间状语“Last summer” 可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故用went。goes是一般现在时，is going是现在进行时，均不符合时态要求。 2．句意：他到达后的那个早上，他的奶奶带他参观了农场。 此处修饰名词grandma，需用形容词性物主代词his（他的）。he是主格，him是宾格，均不能修饰名词。 3．句意：Alan想要照看它们。 固定搭配want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，因此用to look。look是动词原形，looking是动名词，均不符合搭配。 4．句意：它就来自这些奶牛。 these后接复数名词，故用cows。cow是单数，cow’s是所有格形式，均不符合语法。 5．句意：奶奶拿起一个瓶子，坐在奶牛旁边，开始慢慢地挤奶。 此处修饰动词milk，需用副词slowly（慢慢地）。slow是形容词，slowness是名词，均不能修饰动词。 6．句意：哇，奶奶！牛奶现在正流出来了！ 根据时间状语now可知，句子时态为现在进行时，milk是不可数名词，be动词用is，故用is coming。come是一般现在时，are coming中are与不可数名词milk不匹配。 7．句意：五分钟后，Alan得到了一杯新鲜的牛奶。 glass是以辅音音素开头的单词，表示“一杯” 用a glass of。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，不符合语境。 8．句意：奶奶，当我回去的时候，我会告诉所有朋友牛奶是从哪里来的。 此处表示“当……的时候”，用when引导时间状语从句。although表示“虽然”，because表示“因为”，均不符合逻辑。 9．句意：我对它很感兴趣。 固定搭配 be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，因此用介词in。by和with均不与interested构成此搭配。 10．句意：奶奶非常高兴。 此处没有比较对象，用形容词原级happy。happier是比较级，happiest是最高级，均不符合语境。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词。） Bob’s brother Eric and his friends are playing dodgeball (躲避球). Bob wants 1 (join) them. “Can I play? It looks 2 (interest).” Bob says. “Do you know the rules of dodgeball?” they ask. “No, but I can learn. Could you teach 3 (I)?” Eric tells the rules to him, “We have two teams. One team stands outside the circle and throws (扔) the ball. The other team 4 (stay) in the middle to dodge (躲避). 5 (usual), no one wants to get hit (被击中).” Bob thinks it is easy. “Let’s start!” He says. Julie, one of 6 (Eric) friends, throws the ball first. “Oh, no!” Bob shouts—the ball hits him. “You’re out!” “Waaah...” Bob cries. “The ball goes too fast!” “It’s OK. It’s your 7 (one) time to play dodgeball. Let’s do it one more time.” Eric says kindly. They play again. This time, Eric throws the ball. Bob catches it, but he starts running away 8 it. Eric laughs and says, “No, Bob! 9 (not run). If you catch the ball, it means you win and you can bring one of your teammates back in.” Now, Bob knows there are so many special 10 (rule) about this game. He has to keep them in mind and practise more. Nothing can be achieved without rules. 【答案】 1．to join 2．interesting 3．me 4．stays 5．Usually 6．Eric’s 7．first 8．with 9．Don’t run 10．rules 【导语】本文讲述了Bob在哥哥Eric及其朋友的帮助下学习躲避球规则的过程，通过亲身经历认识到规则的重要性。 1．句意：鲍勃想加入他们。“want to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式“to join”。 2．句意：它看起来很有趣。“look”在此处为系动词，后需接形容词作表语，描述事物的性质。“interest”的形容词形式为“interesting”，意为“有趣的”。 3．句意：你能教我吗？动词“teach”后需接宾格代词作宾语。“I”的宾格为“me”。 4．句意：另一队则留在中间躲避。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语“The other team”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式stays。 5．句意：通常，没有人想被击中。该空位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。“usual”的副词形式为“usually”，意为“通常”，句首首字母大写。 6．句意：埃里克的朋友之一朱莉首先扔球。“one of + 名词所有格 + 名词复数”表示“……之一”，需用名词所有格“Eric’s”。 7．句意：这是你第一次玩躲避球。表示“第一次”，需用序数词表示顺序，one对应的序数词为“first”。 8．句意：鲍勃接住了球，但他开始拿着球跑开。表示“拿着球”，需用介词“with”。run away with sth.为固定搭配，意为“带着某物跑开/卷走某物”。 9．句意：不要跑。这是一个祈使句的否定形式，用来制止对方的行为。结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”，故填Don’t run，注意首字母大写。 10．句意：鲍勃知道这个游戏有许多特殊的规则。“many”后需接可数名词复数形式，“rule”的复数形式为“rules”。 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词适当形式填空 (每空不多于3个单词)。 Do you know World Egg Day? It is on the second Friday 1 October each year. It’s a special day for eggs. And it tells people that eggs are important and 2 (health). It’s common to have eggs around the world. In China, many people are good at 3 (make) different foods with eggs. Tea eggs have a long history in China. Lots of restaurants sell 4 (they). It’s easy for people 5 (order) them in restaurants. Many people in China would like to make tea eggs and eat them during Chinese New Year, 6 the tea egg is a symbol of good luck. 7 (tomato) and eggs pair (配对) well. People use them to make many 8 (dish). Chinese people of all ages like eating tomato and egg noodles. Tomato and egg soup is also popular. It’s 9 (real) nice to have some tomato and egg soup in cold winter. If you want 10 (eat) eggs with meat, you can try egg foo young (芙蓉蛋). It’s OK to make it with beef. It’s also a good choice to make it with chicken. Eggs are such a great star in Chinese food. Do you eat it every day? 【答案】 1．in 2．healthy 3．making 4．them 5．to order 6．because 7．Tomatoes 8．dishes 9．really 10．to eat 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界鸡蛋日以及鸡蛋在中国饮食文化中的重要性。 1．句意：它在每年十月的第二个星期五。in + 月份，这里表示在十月，用in。故填in。 2．句意：并且它告诉人们鸡蛋是重要且健康的。根据“And it tells people that eggs are important and....”可知，and连接两个并列的形容词，空格处需要形容词作表语，health的形容词形式是healthy。故填healthy。 3． 句意：在中国，很多人擅长用鸡蛋制作不同食物。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，make要变为making。故填making。 4．句意：很多餐馆售卖它们。根据“Lots of restaurants sell...”可知，这里作sell的宾语，要用宾格形式，they的宾格是them。故填them。 5．句意：人们在餐馆里订购它们很容易。根据“it’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”可知，空格处应使用动词不定式，这里用to order。故填to order。 6．句意：很多中国人在春节期间喜欢做茶叶蛋并食用，因为茶叶蛋是好运的象征。根据“Many people in China would like to make tea eggs and eat them during Chinese New Year”可知，后面是说明喜欢在春节做茶叶蛋吃的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 7．句意：西红柿和鸡蛋很搭配。根据“...eggs pair (配对) well”可知，这里表示类别，用名词复数形式，tomato的复数是tomatoes，句首首字母大写。故填Tomatoes。 8．句意：人们用它们制作很多菜肴。根据“People use them to make many... ”可知，many后接可数名词复数，dish的复数是dishes。故填dishes。 9．句意：在寒冷的冬天喝一些西红柿鸡蛋汤真的很不错。根据It’s...nice to have some tomato and egg soup in cold winter.”可知，这里修饰形容词nice，用副词形式，real的副词是really。故填really。 10．句意：如果你想把鸡蛋和肉一起吃，你可以试试芙蓉蛋。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，这里用to eat。故填to eat。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $