专题09 名词性从句（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦名词性从句专题，系统覆盖宾语、表语、主语、同位语从句四大核心考点，按引导词选择、it形式主/宾语、抽象名词后从句等考向构建知识框架，通过知识解构梳理内在逻辑，考向破译归纳解题范式，真题溯源强化考点对接，形成“梳理-归纳-应用”的完整复习链条。 讲义创新采用思维建模与靶向突破策略，如通过对比what/that在主从成分差异培养思维品质，结合2025年上海高考真题分析引导词语境运用提升语言能力。设置分层练习与即时反馈环节，帮助学生高效掌握否定转移、间隔式同位语等难点，为教师精准把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

专题09 名词性从句 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 宾语从句 + 表语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 that/wh - 引导基础宾从、表从 知识点 2 否定转移、时态呼应规则 知识点 3 if/whether 通用与区别场景 考向破译 考向 1 动词后宾从引导词基础填空 考向 02 表语从句固定句型引导词辨析 考点二 主语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 that/what 引导真实主语从句 知识点 2 it 作形式主语四类经典句型 知识点 3 wh-ever 类词引导主语从句 考向破译 考向 01 it 形式主语句式引导词判断 考向 02 what 与 that 在主语从句成分区分 考点三 同位语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 抽象名词后 that 同位语从句 知识点 2 同位语从句 vs 定语从句核心区分 知识点 3 同位语从句嵌套复合结构 考向破译 考向 01 区分从句作定语 / 同位语填空 考向 02 抽象名词后同位语翻译句式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 形式 近年考题 （1）考查引导词选择：that / whether / what / how / why； （2）考查it 作形式主语/宾语：It is…that…、find/feel it+adj.+that… 等固定结构； （3）特殊先行词：抽象地点（situation, point, case 等）后接 where；way 后接 that/in which/省略；时间名词后选 when；the same…as/such…as 结构 （4）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对名词性从句从句理解和运用。 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2025上海高考】These qualities are in conflict with _____10_____ the hare is typically described in children’s literature. Think, for instance, if the animal’s overconfidence in Aesop’s The Tortoise and the Hare. Dalton’s story is a deep dive into the biology of the animal and an insightful look at its role in the animal-human world. 【答案】 10. how 考查宾语从句。句意：这些品质与儿童文学中对野兔的典型描述是相冲突的。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词with 的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“野兔在儿童文学中通常被如何描述”，所以为连接副词how引导。故填how。 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 25.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 29.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】25. What 28. it 25. What 考查名词从句。这里使用名词从句"What counts for Advisers"引导一个主语从句，意为"对于顾问来说，重要的是……"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 28.it 考查代词。 "it"是代词，作为形式宾语代替后面that从句。真正宾语是"that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations"。 考情分析： 题型：语法填空 1-2 空；翻译题中也会嵌入名词性从句。 高频角度：① what 引导的主语从句；② 抽象名词后同位语从句 that 不省；③ it 作形式主语/宾语结构复现。 复习目标： 1.识别从句类型（主/宾/表/同位语）搞定引导词； 2.同位语从句：抽象名词 fact, idea, news, promise 等后接 that/whether，常出现“先行词与从句被其他成分隔开”的间隔式结构； 3.wh-ever 与 no matter wh- 的从句类型区分：wh-ever 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句 。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 宾语从句 1．宾语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't. 她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。 Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。 易错警示 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。 2．形式宾语 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/ depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋从句 No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 知识点2 表语从句 1．表语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 易错警示 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句 (1)This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 注意：主句主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，而不用because或why。 The accident that happened yesterday was because the driver had been drunk. The reason for yesterday’s accident is that the driver was drunk. 知识点3 主语从句 1．主语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。 How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。 Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it. 李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。 The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. 通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。 易错警示 (1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。 (2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。 2．形式主语 it作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 It is necessary that... 有必要…… It is important that... 重要的是…… It is obvious that... 很明显…… (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 It is common knowledge that... ……是常识 It is a surprise that... 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that... 事实是…… (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 It is believed that... 人们相信…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It has been decided that... 已决定…… (4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句 It appears that... 似乎…… It happens that... 碰巧…… It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起…… It doesn’t matter whether... ……没有关系 It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 易错警示 当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接or not时，只能用whether。 知识点4 同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice，conclusion，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，promise，question，suggestion，thought，truth，wish，word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that，whether，how，where，when，why等。 The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do. 经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。 易错警示 that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查宾语从句与表语从句 1．We discussed school activities can help us develop abilities beyond those taught in regular classes or not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我们讨论了学校活动是否能帮助我们培养超出常规课程所教的能力。此处为连词引导的宾语从句作discuss的宾语，根据“or not”可知，此处应为whether...or not意为“是否”。故填whether。 2．Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains stand-up comedy is so popular in China. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：中共党校教授王学斌解释了脱口秀为什么在中国如此受欢迎。“____ stand-up comedy is so popular in China”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里要表达解释的内容是“为什么”脱口秀受欢迎，用连接副词why引导该从句，并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 3．Despite they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：尽管他们承受了种种磨难，仍继续奋勇向前。他们的食物虽简单却富含能量：干肉，一种由干肉、动物脂肪和浆果混合而成的浓缩食品。Despite为介词，后接宾语从句，从句中endured缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导从句，指代“他们承受的事情/磨难”，符合句子逻辑。故填what。 4．People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure it will happen .But does see it say that they will never forget it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 whether/if whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句和主语从句。句意：人们跋涉数千公里去看极光，但他们永远无法确定极光是否会出现。但那些确实看到了极光的人说，他们永远不会忘记它。第一空处为宾语从句的引导词，从句不缺成分，但缺少“是否”之意，应用whether或if引导宾语从句。第二个空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，且表示“无论是谁”，所以用whoever引导该从句。故填①whether/if②whoever。 5．He remembers when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他记得，当他想洗澡时，他得用柴火把水烧热，然后用桶把水运到浴缸里。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 6．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界。is后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所以空处应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 7．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：关于四川火锅，我最喜欢的是它们提供了一个与朋友社交的好机会。“What I love best about Sichuan hot pots”是主语从句，is是系动词，其后接表语从句。在表语从句“they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends”中，句子结构完整，不缺少任何成分，语义也完整，这种情况下需要用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 8．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你应该寄手写的信。这是因为这些信件在有益健康和增进人际关系方面有着惊人的好处。空处引导表语从句，解释说明前文“You should send handwritten letters”的原因，应用连接词because“因为”。故填because。 9．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：当乔治沉浸在他的音乐世界中时，他觉得仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美好。as if和as though都有“仿佛，好像”的意思，引导表语从句。故填if/though。 10．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：大约71%的地球表面被水覆盖。这就是为什么从太空看它是蓝色的。空处引导名词性从句作表语，前一句是“从太空看地球是蓝色的”的原因，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 考向2 考查主语从句与同位语从句 1．It’s vital we should take effective measures to protect the environment. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们采取有效措施保护环境是至关重要的。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句中不缺成分，且句意完成，所以此处使用连接词that，在从句中仅起连接作用。故填that。 2． we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们需要学习的是如何释放内心的力量来获得成功。“______ we release that inner power for success”是主语从句，表示“如何释放内心的力量来获得成功”，空格处意为“如何”，用how引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填How。 3． makes John unquestionably the best is his talent and ability on the field. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：使约翰毫无疑问成为最出色球员的原因在于他在球场上的天赋和能力。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知设空处应指John在场上的天赋和能力，故应用连接代词what来引导。位于句首, 首字母需大写。故填What。 4．It is still under discussion the messy old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这个杂乱的旧汽车站是否应该被一座现代化的酒店所取代还在讨论中。It为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分完整，结合“or not”可知，空处需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 5． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代人是如何用原始的工具建造金字塔的，这个问题困扰了人们好几个世纪。空处引导主语从句，在句中作状语，表示“如何、怎样”，故应用连接副词how；句首字母大写。故填How。 6．As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, you might ask yourself a question you should start your own business. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：当你开始为自己的未来做计划时，你可能会问自己一个问题：你是否应该自己创业。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词question的具体内容；此处表示“是否”，应用whether引导该从句。故填whether 7．Father made a promise if I passed the examination he would buy me a new smartphone. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：父亲答应我，如果我通过了考试，他就给我买一部新的智能手机。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，从句if I passed the examination he would buy me a new smartphone解释说明promise的具体内容，从句意思完整，不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填that。 8．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 9．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 10．The question should be employed as the manager has not been settled. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查同位语动词。句意：应该雇用谁当经理的问题还没有解决。分析句子结构可知，这是一个同位语从句，用来解释说明 the question的具体内容。从句缺少主语，且指人，所以用连接代词who引导。故填who。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 名词性从句在语法填空题中考查 例1 （2025·上海徐汇·二模） “It’s fascinating because they have a very underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is 9 we typically credit with producing that type of thinking in humans. This means they must be using another area of the brain to achieve a similar result,” said Dr Carrie Ijichi, a senior researcher at NTU. 【答案】 9．what 9．考查表语从句。句意：诺丁汉特伦特大学的资深研究员凯莉・伊吉奇博士说：“这很有趣，因为它们的前额叶皮质非常不发达，而我们通常认为产生人类那种思维方式的正是前额叶皮质。”“is” 后面是表语从句，从句中 “credit...with...” 缺少宾语，“what” 在表语从句中充当宾语，指代 “产生人类那种思维方式的东西”，所以用 “what” 引导表语从句。故填 what。 例2（2025·上海浦东新·二模） They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions and 2 writing about a past failure could improve learning. 【答案】 2．that 2．考查宾语从句。句意：他们得出结论，表达性写作可能是处理负面情绪的有效工具，并且写下过去的失败可以促进学习。前文“that”引导的第一个宾语从句是“expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions”，第二个宾语从句，从句结构和句意完整，连接词为that。故填 that。 例3（2025·上海嘉定·二模） Despite 7 they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. 【答案】7．what 7．考查名词性从句。句意：尽管他们忍受了很多，但他们还是继续前进。“Despite 7 they endured” 中，“ 7 they endured” 是一个宾语从句，作 “Despite” 的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，用 “what” 引导，表示 “所…… 的事物”。故填 what。 例4（2025·上海闵行·二模） ● Newsroom provides time for students to apply 8 they learn in the classroom to hands-on journalism assignments. Over the rest of their day, students conduct interviews and gather information. 【答案】 8．what 8．考查宾语从句。句意：新闻编辑室为学生提供了将课堂上学到的知识应用到实际新闻工作中的时间。此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作learn的宾语，表示“……的东西”，用what引导该从句。故填what。 例5（2025·上海虹口·二模） What struck me deeply was 3 English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 【答案】 3．that 3．考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用 that 引导。故填that。 例6（2025·上海静安·二模） People wonder 5 crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running. 【答案】 5．whether 5．考查宾语从句。句意：人们想知道爬跑是否和慢跑或跑步一样是有益的健身活动。“crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running”是宾语从句，结合语境，表示“是否”，应用连词whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。 例7（2025·上海宝山·二模） But if the technology can appear suddenly from the strange spaghetti video to 8 it is now in a year, these limitations probably won't last long. 【答案】8．where 8．考查宾语从句。句意：但如果这项技术能在短短一年内从奇特的意大利面视频发展到如今的水平，那么这些限制可能不会持续太久。根据句意和空格前的介词to可知，空格后的部分是名宾语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“(在)……的地方；(在)……情况下”，所以，应该用连接副词where。故填where。 例8（2025·上海杨浦·二模） If you have the chance to travel to Frankfurt, it’s worth making a stop at the Bockenheimer Warte subway station just to see its unique entryway. 1 has a vivid imagination might be convinced of the existence of powerful supervillains (超级反派). 【答案】1．Whoever 1．考查主语从句。句意：任何一个想象力丰富的人可能都会相信强大超级反派的存在。空处为主语从句的引导词；主语从句中缺少主语，意为“任何一个……的人”，用whoever引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。 例9（2025·上海崇明·二模） During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed 3 they enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers. 【答案】 3．how/that 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这只动物的粉丝们表示，他们非常喜欢看这只脸颊粉嫩的宝宝与她的妈妈和其他动物园工作人员积极互动。空处引导宾语从句，结构完整，意思也完整，所以可以用连接词that引导；也可以用how，表示“他们是多么喜欢看……”，强调喜欢的程度，故填how/that。 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is 5 I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me? 【答案】 5．what 5．考查主语从句。句意：情绪研究者克罗斯博士建议问自己：“我正在做的事情是否让我对眼前的问题感觉更好？”“I’m doing”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“我正在做的事情”，因此用关系代词what引导主语从句，故填what。 例11 （2025·上海奉贤·二模） “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring 8 , if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. 【答案】 8．that 8．考查宾语从句。句意：2334平方公里的自然保护区致力于保护夜空，其中包括精心的照明设计，如尽可能确保灯光配备遮光罩，以尽量减少光污染。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 例12（2025·上海松江·二模） According to the professor of the University of Milan, Dr Francesco Luciano, 2 led the study, the main message should be that brief moments of physical activity, such as getting to your feet to make a cup of tea, can make a surprisingly large difference to 3 _______ calories you burn. 【答案】 3．how many 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科·卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里产生惊人的巨大影响。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，作介词“to”的宾语，“how many”表示“多少”，用于修饰可数名词复数“calories”，它引导的宾语从句“how many calories you burn”表示“你燃烧的卡路里数量”，整个从句作介词“to”的宾语。故填how many。 例13（2025·上海青浦·二模） Understanding 2 we fall for bad advice is the first step in resisting it. 【答案】 2．why/how 2．考查宾语从句。句意：理解我们为什么会/如何接受不良建议是抵制它的第一步。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语或方式状语，表示“为什么”或“如何”，故填why/how。 例14（2025·上海金山·二模） Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains 4 stand-up comedy is so popular in China. 【答案】 4．why 4．考查宾语从句。句意：中共党校教授王学斌解释了脱口秀为什么在中国如此受欢迎。“____ stand up comedy is so popular in China”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里要表达解释的内容是“为什么”脱口秀受欢迎，用连接副词why引导该从句并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 例15（2025·上海普陀·二模） “We were truly surprised by 5 we uncovered,” said study co-author Prof Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland. 【答案】5．what 5．考查宾语从句。句意：“我们对所发现的感到非常惊讶，”昆士兰大学的研究合著者理查德·富勒教授说。“_____ we uncovered”是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词uncovered缺少宾语，表示“我们所发现的事情”，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 例16（2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） There was lots of technology that people could wear, too, including several different types of smart glasses. The exhibit also demonstrated _____10_____ wearable technology could achieve in healthcare. 【答案】 10. what 考查宾语从句。句意：该展览还展示了可穿戴技术在医疗保健领域所能实现的效果。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句作动词demonstrated的宾语，并指代事物在从句中作achieve的宾语，应填what。故填what。 例17（2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） For most of us who do visualize, though, the gap between what a film shows and our mental images can lead to disappointment. However, this doesn’t mean the film is a failure. Instead, it offers an insight into ____9____ personal our engagement with novels really is. 【答案】 9. how 考查宾语从句。句意：相反，它让我们深刻认识到，我们与小说的互动是多么个人化。此处是感叹句作宾语从句，修饰形容词personal，需用how引导，构成“How + adj./adv. + 主语 + 谓语！”的结构。故填how。 例18（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Careers ___2___ were once safe are now risky: marketers, some programmers, maybe even lawyers. At the same time, surfing the waves of progress to ___3___ the world is headed is less risky than you think. 【答案】 3. where 【3题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：与此同时，顺着进步的浪潮走向世界前进的方向，其风险比你想象的要小。介词to后为宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，用where“……的地方/方向”引导。故填where。 例19（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is ____8____ makes brains useful. 【答案】 8. what 【8题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：我们的大脑在识别世界上的新模式时会发生变化，这就是大脑有用的原因。空处引 导表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 例20（2025~2026学年闵行区二模） Understanding (9)______ social media habits work gives you the upper hand. Once you spot the cues and rewards (10)______ (drive) your behavior, you can make smarter choices about when and how to use these apps. 【答案】9. how 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：理解社交媒体习惯如何运作让你占据上风。分析句子结构，“Understanding ______ social media habits work”中，understanding后接宾语从句。从句“social media habits work”主谓齐全，但缺少方式状语，意为“如何运作”。因此需用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 例21（2025~2026学年金山区二模） (7)__________ makes the carnival distinctive is that it successfully bridges brands and local7culture by recreating historical scenes and sharing vivid stories. 【答案】 7. What 【7题详解】 考查名词性从句（主语从句）。句意：使得这个嘉年华与众不同的是，它通过重现历史场景和分享生动故事，成功地连接了品牌与地域文化。分析句子结构，“______ makes the carnival distinctive”是整个句子的主语。从句中缺少主语，指代“使得嘉年华与众不同的东西”，应用连接代词What引导主语从句。故填What。 题型2 名词性从句在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海虹口·二模） 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It)  （汉译英） 【答案】It is worth noting/mentioning that the career consultation area is packed with visitors, and becomes/making it one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event. 【详解】考查时态、非谓语、固定句型和主语从句。表示“值得一提的是”用固定句型It be worth noting/mentioning that...，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。主语从句中：表示“职业咨询区”用the career consultation area，作从句的主语；表示“人流如织”即“挤满了人”用be packed with visitors，其中be packed with是一个固定短语，表示“挤满了”；主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is；表示“成为”用become，用连词and连接谓语is和becomes；表示“最热火朝天的区域之一”用one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event。或者表示“使他成为”用make it，用现在分词，作状语。故翻译It is worth noting/mentioning that the career consultation area is packed with visitors, and becomes/making it one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event. 例2（2025·上海宝山·二模） 孩子们不愿做作业却愿意花太多时间在社交媒体上，家长为此感到很担心。当下这种情况很普遍。（it） 【答案】Nowadays, it is common that kids are willing to spend much time on social media instead of doing homework, which makes parents very worried. 【详解】考查固定句型，主语从句，固定短语，时态，定语从句和主谓一致。“当下”是nowadays，“某种情况很普遍”是固定句型it is common that，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，“孩子们”是kids，“愿意做某事”是be willing to do sth.，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语kids是复数，be动词用are，“花太多时间在……上”是spend much time on...，“社交媒体”是social media，“不愿做作业”是instead of doing homework，“家长为此感到很担心”用which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个主句的内容，“家长为此感到很担心”也就是“这让家长很担心”，时态用一般现在时，翻译为“which makes parents very worried”。故答案为Nowadays, it is common that kids are willing to spend much time on social media instead of doing homework, which makes parents very worried. 例3（2025·上海杨浦·二模） 人性化的设计和功能使这些环保型家居用品备受欢迎。（What）(汉译英) 【答案】What contributes to the popularity of these eco-friendly home products is that they are user-friendly in/in terms of both design and function./their user-friendly design and function. 【详解】考查主语从句，表语从句和短语。陈述事实用一般现在时，且句子为主从复合句；该句可理解为“使这些环保家居产品备受欢迎的是它们在设计和功能上都很人性化。”，“促使这些环保家居产品受欢迎”可译为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what引导从句，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“使……备受欢迎”可用contribute to the popularity of，且动词需用第三人称单数形式；表示“环保型家居用品”翻译为these eco-friendly home products；“是”为系动词is，表语“它们在设计和功能上都很人性化”可用表语从句，主语“它们”用代词they，“在设计和功能上都很人性化”可译为系表结构are user-friendly in/in terms of both design and function，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that引导表语从句；表语也可直接用名词短语heir user-friendly design and function。故翻译为What contributes to the popularity of these eco-friendly home products is that they are user-friendly in/in terms of both design and function./their user-friendly design and function. 例4（2025·上海普陀·二模） 如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活，很多高中和大学都已将该问题提上日程。(how) (汉译英) 【答案】How to enable numerous students to better adapt to future life has already been put on the agenda in many senior high schools and universities. It has already been put on the agenda by many senior high schools and universities how these educational institutions can enable numerous students to better adapt to future life. 【详解】考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构、动词短语、时态和语态。“如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活”作主语，可处理为“疑问词 + 不定式”复合结构，“如何”用疑问词how，“让莘莘学子”用enable numerous students to，“更好地适应未来生活”用动词短语better adapt to future life，整体构成“疑问词 + 不定式”结构“how to enable numerous students to better adapt to future life；“已将……提上日程”作谓语，用动词短语put...on the agenda，根据语境，事情已经发生，用现在完成时，且主语和谓语之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，用has already been put on the agenda；“很多高中和大学”作地点状语，用介词短语in many senior high schools and universities。综上，全句译为：How to enable numerous students to better adapt to future life has already been put on the agenda in many senior high schools and universities. 例5（2025·上海青浦·二模） 听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) 【答案】It is heard that the ink painting will be sent abroad for exhibition, so citizens wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall to appreciate the masterpiece before its departure. 【详解】考查固定句型、被动语态、时态和动词短语。“听说……”可用固定句型“It is heard that...”表示，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句；“那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览”是主语从句中分句，主语“那幅水墨画”用the ink painting，“将被送去国外展览”表示将来的行为，用一般将来时的被动语态will be sent abroad for exhibition；“市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下”是主语从句中并列分句，与前一分句构成因果关系，用连词so连接两个句子，其中主语“市民”用citizens，“在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙”译为wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall，描述现在的状态，谓语动词wait用一般现在时态，“想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下”作目的状语，用不定式短语to appreciate the masterpiece，“在展品出国之前”是时间状语，译为before its departure。综上，全句译为：It is heard that the ink painting will be sent abroad for exhibition, so citizens wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall to appreciate the masterpiece before its departure. 例6（2025·上海松江·二模） 邻居阿婆原本觉得美图软件这类新潮玩意儿用起来会很麻烦，但跟着侄女没学几次就能自如地给照片改色调了。（as）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Granny next door originally thought that using trendy apps like photo-editing software, would be very troublesome. However, as she learned from her niece for just a few times, she was able to adjust the color of the photos with ease. 【详解】考查句子结构、宾语从句、状语从句和时态。汉语句描述的是过去的事情和动作，总体上应使用一般过去时。原句可从逗号处划分为两个层次，翻译为两个独立的英语句子。第一句可使用主谓宾结构，主语为“邻居阿婆”，译为granny next door。谓语为“觉得”，译为thought，“原本”可用副词originally作状语修饰谓语。 “美图软件这类新潮玩意儿用起来会很麻烦”译为第一个句子的宾语，处理为宾语从句。句子实际想说的是“用美图软件这类新潮玩意儿麻烦”，因此可使用主系表结构，用动名词短语using…作主语。“美图软件这类新潮玩意儿”，可译为trendy apps like photo-editing software，其中“玩意儿”实际是指apps，“新潮”可使用形容词trendy。“美图软件这类”可用介词短语like photo-editing software作后置定语修饰trendy apps。整个动名词短语作宾语从句的主语，译为using trendy apps like photo-editing software。“会很麻烦”译为系表结构would be very troublesome，这个动作是相对于主句thought之后发生的，可使用过去将来时。因此第一个句子整体翻译为Granny next door originally thought that using trendy apps like photo-editing software, would be very troublesome.。第二句中，“跟着侄女没学几次”可译为时间状语从句，用提示词as来引导，从句使用主谓宾结构，需要增补主语she，指阿婆。谓语使用动词短语learn from来表达“跟某人学”之意，因此该时间状语从句可译为as she learned from her niece for just a few times。“就能自如地给照片改色调了”译为第二句的主句，同样需要增补主语she。“能给照片调色”可译was able to adjust the color of the photos，“自如”可用介词短语with ease作方式状语。因此第二句翻译为However, as she learned from her niece for just a few times, she was able to adjust the color of the photos with ease.。故翻译为Granny next door originally thought that using trendy apps like photo-editing software, would be very troublesome. However, as she learned from her niece for just a few times, she was able to adjust the color of the photos with ease.。 （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） 52. 春节的意义体现在和谁一起过年，而非在哪里过年。(lie)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The meaning of the Spring Festival lies in who you spend it with, rather than where you spend it. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词，介词，动词和宾语从句。“春节的意义”用The meaning of the Spring Festival作主语；“体现在”用动词短语lie in作谓语，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词用lies；介词in后接who引导的宾语从句who you spend it with，表示“和谁一起过年”，“而非”用rather than连接并列结构，后接另一个宾语从句where you spend it，表示“在哪里过年”，句首单词首字母大写。故译为The meaning of the Spring Festival lies in who you spend it with, rather than where you spend it。 （2025~2026学年宝山区二模） 52. 令人欣慰的是，越来越多的人有环保意识了。(relief) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is a relief that more and more people have environmental awareness. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；表示“令人欣慰的是”用It is a relief that...结构，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；表示“越来越多的人”用more and more people；表示“有环保意识”用have environmental awareness，从句中主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故翻译为It is a relief that more and more people have environmental awareness. （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） 53. 原来是她的宠物猫踩到了键盘，发了这条令人摸不着头脑的消息。（turn out）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It turned out that her pet cat stepped on the keyboard and sent this puzzling message. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和固定句型。表示“原来是……”用固定句型It turns out that…；表示“她的宠物猫”用her pet cat，作主语；表示“踩到键盘”用step on the keyboard，表示“发了这条消息”用send this message；turn out作主句谓语，step和send并列作从句谓语，事情已发生，用一般过去时；表示“令人摸不着头脑的信息”用this puzzling message。故翻译为：It turned out that her pet cat stepped on the keyboard and sent this puzzling message. （2025~2026学年松江区二模） 53. 当初我们选这款氢能源汽车时，看中的就是它的续航里程。(matter) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When we chose this (model of) hydrogen-powered car at that time, what mattered most was its range/how far it could go after being charged. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和固定表达。根据句意，该句描述过去发生的动作，全句使用一般过去时；表示“当初”为at that time作时间状语；表示“我们选这款氢能源汽车”为时间状语从句，用when引导，从句主语为we，“选择”为choose，动词用过去式，“这款氢能源汽车”为this hydrogen-powered car作从句宾语，所以从句译为When we chose this hydrogen-powered car at that time；表示“看中的就是”使用主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以可使用what引导，在从句中作主语，“看中”可理解为“重要”为mattered，表示“最”为most修饰mattered，所以主语从句译为what mattered most；表示“是”为was作系动词，主语从句视为单数，所以be动词为was；表示“它的续航里程”为its range或者“充电后能跑多远”使用表语从句作表语，结合句意使用how far引导，主语使用it指代“汽车”，表示“能跑多远”为how far it could go，表示“充电后”为after being charged。故翻译为When we chose this (model of) hydrogen-powered car at that time, what mattered most was its range/how far it could go after being charged. （2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） 52. 应该让孩子们知道谁才是他们该追的星。(should) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Children should be taught whom they ought to follow as role models. 解析：考查被动语态和宾语从句。“应该让孩子们知道” 译为 “Children should be taught”（被动语态，强调被教育）；“谁才是他们该追的星” 译为 “whom they ought to follow as role models”（role models 对应 “偶像、明星”）。 （2025~2026学年青浦区二模） 52．毋庸置疑，那些古老的遗迹总是令人心驰神往。（There be…） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 52. 参考答案：There is no denying that those ancient remains have always fascinated people. 解析：考查 There be 句型及同位语从句。“毋庸置疑” 用固定表达 There is no denying that...，“古老的遗迹” 译为 ancient remains，“令人心驰神往” 译为 fascinate people。 考点：There be 句型；no denying（毋庸置疑）；remains（遗迹）；fascinate（令人心驰神往）。 备选：There is no doubt that those ancient ruins have always been fascinating to people. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 名词性从句 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 宾语从句 + 表语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 that/wh - 引导基础宾从、表从 知识点 2 否定转移、时态呼应规则 知识点 3 if/whether 通用与区别场景 考向破译 考向 1 动词后宾从引导词基础填空 考向 02 表语从句固定句型引导词辨析 考点二 主语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 that/what 引导真实主语从句 知识点 2 it 作形式主语四类经典句型 知识点 3 wh-ever 类词引导主语从句 考向破译 考向 01 it 形式主语句式引导词判断 考向 02 what 与 that 在主语从句成分区分 考点三 同位语从句 知识解构 知识点 1 抽象名词后 that 同位语从句 知识点 2 同位语从句 vs 定语从句核心区分 知识点 3 同位语从句嵌套复合结构 考向破译 考向 01 区分从句作定语 / 同位语填空 考向 02 抽象名词后同位语翻译句式 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 形式 近年考题 （1）考查引导词选择：that / whether / what / how / why； （2）考查it 作形式主语/宾语：It is…that…、find/feel it+adj.+that… 等固定结构； （3）特殊先行词：抽象地点（situation, point, case 等）后接 where；way 后接 that/in which/省略；时间名词后选 when；the same…as/such…as 结构 （4）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对名词性从句从句理解和运用。 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2025上海高考】These qualities are in conflict with _____10_____ the hare is typically described in children’s literature. Think, for instance, if the animal’s overconfidence in Aesop’s The Tortoise and the Hare. Dalton’s story is a deep dive into the biology of the animal and an insightful look at its role in the animal-human world. 【答案】 10. how 考查宾语从句。句意：这些品质与儿童文学中对野兔的典型描述是相冲突的。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词with 的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“野兔在儿童文学中通常被如何描述”，所以为连接副词how引导。故填how。 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 25.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 29.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】25. What 28. it 25. What 考查名词从句。这里使用名词从句"What counts for Advisers"引导一个主语从句，意为"对于顾问来说，重要的是……"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 28.it 考查代词。 "it"是代词，作为形式宾语代替后面that从句。真正宾语是"that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations"。 考情分析： 题型：语法填空 1-2 空；翻译题中也会嵌入名词性从句。 高频角度：① what 引导的主语从句；② 抽象名词后同位语从句 that 不省；③ it 作形式主语/宾语结构复现。 复习目标： 1.识别从句类型（主/宾/表/同位语）搞定引导词； 2.同位语从句：抽象名词 fact, idea, news, promise 等后接 that/whether，常出现“先行词与从句被其他成分隔开”的间隔式结构； 3.wh-ever 与 no matter wh- 的从句类型区分：wh-ever 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句 。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 宾语从句 1．宾语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't. 她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。 Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。 易错警示 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。 2．形式宾语 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/ depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋从句 No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 知识点2 表语从句 1．表语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 易错警示 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句 (1)This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 注意：主句主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，而不用because或why。 The accident that happened yesterday was because the driver had been drunk. The reason for yesterday’s accident is that the driver was drunk. 知识点3 主语从句 1．主语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。 How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。 Where Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it. 李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。 The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. 通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。 易错警示 (1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。 (2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。 2．形式主语 it作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 It is necessary that... 有必要…… It is important that... 重要的是…… It is obvious that... 很明显…… (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 It is common knowledge that... ……是常识 It is a surprise that... 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that... 事实是…… (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 It is believed that... 人们相信…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It has been decided that... 已决定…… (4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句 It appears that... 似乎…… It happens that... 碰巧…… It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起…… It doesn’t matter whether... ……没有关系 It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 易错警示 当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接or not时，只能用whether。 知识点4 同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice，conclusion，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，promise，question，suggestion，thought，truth，wish，word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that，whether，how，where，when，why等。 The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do. 经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。 易错警示 that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查宾语从句与表语从句 1．We discussed school activities can help us develop abilities beyond those taught in regular classes or not. (用适当的词填空) 2．Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains stand-up comedy is so popular in China. (用适当的词填空) 3．Despite they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. (用适当的词填空) 4．People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure it will happen .But does see it say that they will never forget it. (用适当的词填空) 5．He remembers when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub. (用适当的词填空) 6．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. （用适当的词填空） 7．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. (用适当的词填空) 8．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. （用适当的词填空） 9．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. （用适当的词填空） 10．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 考向2 考查主语从句与同位语从句 1．It’s vital we should take effective measures to protect the environment. (用适当的词填空) 2． we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn. (用适当的词填空) 3． makes John unquestionably the best is his talent and ability on the field. (用适当的词填空) 4．It is still under discussion the messy old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (用适当的词填空) 5． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 6．As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future, you might ask yourself a question you should start your own business. （用适当的词填空） 7．Father made a promise if I passed the examination he would buy me a new smartphone. (用适当的词填空) 8．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 9．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 10．The question should be employed as the manager has not been settled. (用适当的词填空) 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 名词性从句在语法填空题中考查 例1 （2025·上海徐汇·二模） “It’s fascinating because they have a very underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is 9 we typically credit with producing that type of thinking in humans. This means they must be using another area of the brain to achieve a similar result,” said Dr Carrie Ijichi, a senior researcher at NTU. 例2（2025·上海浦东新·二模） They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions and 2 writing about a past failure could improve learning. 例3（2025·上海嘉定·二模） Despite 7 they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. 例4（2025·上海闵行·二模） ● Newsroom provides time for students to apply 8 they learn in the classroom to hands-on journalism assignments. Over the rest of their day, students conduct interviews and gather information. 例5（2025·上海虹口·二模） What struck me deeply was 3 English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 例6（2025·上海静安·二模） People wonder 5 crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running. 例7（2025·上海宝山·二模） But if the technology can appear suddenly from the strange spaghetti video to 8 it is now in a year, these limitations probably won't last long. 例8（2025·上海杨浦·二模） If you have the chance to travel to Frankfurt, it’s worth making a stop at the Bockenheimer Warte subway station just to see its unique entryway. 1 has a vivid imagination might be convinced of the existence of powerful supervillains (超级反派). 例9（2025·上海崇明·二模） During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed 3 they enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers. 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is 5 I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me? 例11 （2025·上海奉贤·二模） “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring 8 , if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. 例12（2025·上海松江·二模） According to the professor of the University of Milan, Dr Francesco Luciano, 2 led the study, the main message should be that brief moments of physical activity, such as getting to your feet to make a cup of tea, can make a surprisingly large difference to 3 _______ calories you burn. 例13（2025·上海青浦·二模） Understanding 2 we fall for bad advice is the first step in resisting it. 例14（2025·上海金山·二模） Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains 4 stand-up comedy is so popular in China. 例15（2025·上海普陀·二模） “We were truly surprised by 5 we uncovered,” said study co-author Prof Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland. 例16（2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） There was lots of technology that people could wear, too, including several different types of smart glasses. The exhibit also demonstrated _____10_____ wearable technology could achieve in healthcare. 例17（2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） For most of us who do visualize, though, the gap between what a film shows and our mental images can lead to disappointment. However, this doesn’t mean the film is a failure. Instead, it offers an insight into ____9____ personal our engagement with novels really is. 例18（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Careers ___2___ were once safe are now risky: marketers, some programmers, maybe even lawyers. At the same time, surfing the waves of progress to ___3___ the world is headed is less risky than you think. 例19（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is ____8____ makes brains useful. 例20（2025~2026学年闵行区二模） Understanding (9)______ social media habits work gives you the upper hand. Once you spot the cues and rewards (10)______ (drive) your behavior, you can make smarter choices about when and how to use these apps. 例21（2025~2026学年金山区二模） (7)__________ makes the carnival distinctive is that it successfully bridges brands and local7culture by recreating historical scenes and sharing vivid stories. 题型2 名词性从句在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海虹口·二模） 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It)  （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 例2（2025·上海宝山·二模） 孩子们不愿做作业却愿意花太多时间在社交媒体上，家长为此感到很担心。当下这种情况很普遍。（it） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 例3（2025·上海杨浦·二模） 人性化的设计和功能使这些环保型家居用品备受欢迎。（What）(汉译英) 例4（2025·上海普陀·二模） 如何让莘莘学子更好地适应未来生活，很多高中和大学都已将该问题提上日程。(how) (汉译英) 例5（2025·上海青浦·二模） 听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) 例6（2025·上海松江·二模） 邻居阿婆原本觉得美图软件这类新潮玩意儿用起来会很麻烦，但跟着侄女没学几次就能自如地给照片改色调了。（as）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） 52. 春节的意义体现在和谁一起过年，而非在哪里过年。(lie)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年宝山区二模） 52. 令人欣慰的是，越来越多的人有环保意识了。(relief) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） 53. 原来是她的宠物猫踩到了键盘，发了这条令人摸不着头脑的消息。（turn out）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年松江区二模） 53. 当初我们选这款氢能源汽车时，看中的就是它的续航里程。(matter) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） 52. 应该让孩子们知道谁才是他们该追的星。(should) ___________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年青浦区二模） 52．毋庸置疑，那些古老的遗迹总是令人心驰神往。（There be…） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $