专题07 非谓语动词（复习讲义）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦非谓语动词专题，系统覆盖不定式、动名词、分词的基础变形、句法功能及综合辨析，按“知识解构—考向破译”逻辑构建框架。通过命题透视研判趋势，思维建模搭建体系，考点精讲拆解核心，真题溯源强化应用，助力学生突破三大非谓语形式的语境运用难点。 资料创新采用“形式—逻辑主语—篇章意义”三维匹配策略，如考向中通过语篇实例训练分词状语主被动区分，培养学生思维品质与语言能力。设置分层练习与真题语篇融合训练，确保高效突破高频易错点，为教师提供精准复习节奏指导，提升学生高考应试的综合语言运用能力。

专题07 非谓语动词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 不定式 to do 知识解构 知识点 1 不定式基础时态语态变形 知识点 2 不定式句法功能（主/宾/定/状/宾补/表） 考向破译 考向 1 不定式作目的 / 结果状语填空变形 考向 02 使役、感官动词宾补 to 省略考点 考点二 动名词 doing 知识解构 知识点 1 动名词主动 / 被动 / 完成式 知识点 2 只能接 doing 作宾语的动词清单 知识点 3 动名词复合结构、主语用法 考向破译 考向 01 固定搭配区分 to do 与 doing 考向 02 动名词作主语、介词后填空 考点三 分词（现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done） 知识解构 知识点 1 分词时态语态变形、逻辑主语判定 知识点 2 分词作定语、状语、宾补规则 考向破译 考向 01 逗号分隔分词状语主被动区分 考向 02 独立主格结构语境变形填空 考点四 非谓语综合易混辨析 知识解构 知识点 1 三类非谓语核心语义差异 知识点 2 非谓语作后置定语区分 知识点 3 非谓语与谓语动词区分技巧 考向破译 考向 01 语篇多空混合三类非谓语判断 考向 02 翻译中非谓语整合长修饰短句 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 考察形式 近年考题 三大形式： • to do（不定式）——目的、结果、形容词/名词后置定语、主语、宾语、宾补。 • V-ing（现在分词/动名词）——主动、进行；作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语（伴随、原因、结果）。 • V-ed（过去分词）——被动、完成；作定语、状语、宾补、表语。 高频易错： • 感官/使役动词 see/make/have 等 + 宾补 • 完成式/被动式的复合结构 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2025上海高考】The most likely explanation for its ____3____ (expose) position was that it had been chased, picked up and dropped by the dog she’d heard, and had ended up lost on the track. Dalton was at a crossroads. She knew that ____4____ (pick) up the animal might do more harm than good, but leaving it there might lead to an equally unwelcome outcome. She picked it up. Dalton and the hare learned to respect each other’s boundaries, which allowed them ____9____ (coexist) peacefully. 【答案】 3. exposed 4. picking 9. to coexist 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于它暴露的位置，最可能的解释是，它被她听到的那只狗追逐、捡起又扔在地上，最后在小路上迷路了。此处需要形容词修饰名词position，expose的形容词形式exposed 意为“无遮蔽的；暴露的”，符合语境。故填exposed。 【4题详解】 考查动名词。句意：她知道捡起那只动物可能弊大于利，但把它留在那里可能会导致同样不受欢迎的结果。knew that后接宾语从句，从句中需要主语，动词pick需变为动名词形式 picking，表示“捡起这个动物”的行为。故填picking。 【9题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：道尔顿和野兔学会了尊重彼此的边界，这使他们能够和平共处。固定用法allow sb./sth. to do sth.，意为 “允许某人/某物做某事”，因此填动词不定式to coexist。故填to coexist。 【2023上海秋考】His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) _____(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )_____(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )_________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 【答案】 22.to watch 23.assuming 27.seated 【解析】 22.考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。 23.考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。 27.考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入seated。 【2023上海春考】(21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise was introduced into Britain by a successful banker. But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group who have left school but have not yet started work. A Sponsor,(29)______ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is an organization which participates in Young Enterprise and,at its own expense, provides facilities by making available communications,advice and encouragement. 【答案】21. Originating 24. to include 29. rewarded 【解析】 21. 考查现在分词 "originate"是“起源于……”，非谓语动词的现在分词形式，修饰"the idea of Young Enterprise"，表示Young Enterprise的想法起源于美国。 24. 考查动词不定式。"to include"根据句子结构，空格前的谓语动词is。判定此处为非谓语动词，而且结合句子结构It is加形容词加to do something.故填入动词不定式to include. 句意：但通常可以将同一年龄段的年轻人包括在内，他们已经离开学校，但尚未开始工作。 29.考查过去分词。"rewarded"是过去分词作后置定语，修饰"Sponsor"，表示"被奖励"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 考情分析： • 命题特点：全部放在主题语篇（科技、环保、社会现象）中，强调“形式—逻辑主语—篇章意义”三维匹配，无孤立结构题。 • 语法填空 涉及非谓语——如：1. 动名词作主语 (Ignoring...)；2. 过去分词作宾补 (products developed)；3. 现在分词作结果状语 (leading to...) 复习目标： 1. 熟练非谓语动词的基本用法及语法功能和变化形式； 2. 掌握非谓语动词与谓语动词的区别； 3. 强化在复杂语境中及句子翻译中非谓语动词的综合运用。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 不定式的用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如： I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2．用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语） He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语） I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语） His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语） On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语） She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语） The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother．（现在分词做定语） 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. （过去分词做定语） 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.（现在分词做补语） 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. （过去分词做补语） 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.（过去分词做状语） 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.（现在分词做状语） 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.（现在分词否定形式） 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.（现在分词完成形式） 知识点4 非谓语各种成份之比较 非谓语动词作主语 动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中用作主语。 ?动词不定式作主语时，常常用形式主语it代替，不定式置于句末。 常见句型： It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth. It + be +名词+to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. It’s up to sb. to do sth. It is unwise of you to stay up late every day. 你每天熬夜是不明智的。 ?动词-ing形式作主语时，有时也可以用形式主语it代替，动词-ing形式置于句末。 常见句型： It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time/ …+动词-ing… 例题解析 1．In Vancouver, it is unusual (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：在温哥华，看到熊是不寻常的，但在一些城市，你每天都可以在城市街道上看到大型动物。这里考查“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”， 是一个固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do sth. 。故填to see。 2．It is quite convenient (shop) online and you can also buy a wide variety of goods at a low price. 【答案】to shop 【详解】考查非谓语动词，it作形式主语。句意：网上购物很方便，而且你还可以以低廉的价格买到各种各样的商品。句中it为形式主语，因此此处需要使用非谓语不定式作主语。故填to shop。 3．I began to think how amazing a thing it was (die) in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. 【答案】to die 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我开始思考以这样的方式死去是多么惊人的事情，以及看到自然的力量是多么美妙。在本句中，“it”是形式主语，动词不定式在此处用来表达一个具体的动作或事件，在本句中为真正主语。因此，应使用die的不定式形式to die。故填to die。 4．It’s no use (complain) without taking any action as we all know actions speak louder than words. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查动词形式。句意：我们都知道行动胜于言辞，所以不采取任何行动而抱怨是没有用的。it is no use doing sth做某事是没有用的，这里需要使用动名词形式来作主语。故填complaining。 5．Nowadays, (equip) with a knowledge of computer is an essential qualification for most of the posts in the job market. 【答案】being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，具备计算机知识是就业市场上大多数职位的必备资格。be equipped with固定搭配，意为“具备”，此处作主语，应用动名词形式，故填being equipped。 非谓语动词作宾语 动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中用作宾语。 1). afford，agree，arrange，choose，claim，desire，expect，fail，hope，intend，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish 等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。 2) advise，admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，deny，enjoy，finish，practise，suggest 等动词后，以及 burst out，give up，insist on，keep on，put off等短语后，常接动词-ing形式作宾语。 3). like，love，begin，start等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但二者区别不大，常可以交换使用。 4). remember，forget，regret，try，mean等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但二者意义不同。 5). 介词后一般只接动词-ing形式作宾语。 例题解析 1．To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided (take) Chinese folk music as an elective course. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民族音乐作为选修课。此处为短语decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to take。 2．With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary (have) a good command of English. 【答案】to have 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界变成地球村，我发现掌握好英语是必要的。find it+adj+to do something是固定句型，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，所以空格处应该用不定式形式作宾语。故填to have。 3．Bob, who organised Live Aid, intended (raise) money for the famine and it turned out to be a great success. 【答案】to raise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鲍勃组织了Live Aid，打算为饥荒筹款，结果取得了巨大的成功。固定搭配intend to do sth.“打算做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to raise。 4．These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve). 【答案】preserving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些宣告，作为爱与个性的象征，提醒我们有些传统值得保留。be worth doing是固定用法，表示“值得做某事”，其中动名词主动表被动；preserve的动名词是preserving。故填preserving。 5．Many young people decided to abandon (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price. 【答案】buying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于价格太高，许多年轻人决定放弃在大城市买房。短语abandon doing sth.表示“放弃做某事”。故填buying。 非谓语动词作表语 ①动词不定式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语，有时to可以省略。 ② 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语的特征或者状态，动词-ing形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。 例题解析 1．The most important thing is (balance) the development of economy with the protection of environment. 【答案】to balance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的是在经济发展与环境保护之间取得平衡。空处作表语，说明主语The most important thing的具体内容，是特定的行为，因此用balance“保持平衡”的不定式形式。故填to balance。 2．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是成为下届奥运会国家队的一员。本空位于is后，作表语，表示一个明确的目标，用become“成为”的不定式。故填to become。 3．There’s no (deny) that China has made great progress in the past decades. 【答案】denying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：不可否认，中国在过去的几十年里取得了巨大的进步。There is no denying that...是固定句型，表示“不容否认的是……”，因此空格处是动名词denying。故填denying。 4．We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都需要参与到节约能源中来，无论是在工作中，在家里还是在学校。固定短语get involved in“参加，参与”，过去分词作表语。故填involved。 5．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 【答案】accepted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房保姆的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的期望。主语The couple和非谓语动词accept是逻辑被动关系，accept用过去分词形式作表语，构成“get + 过去分词”结构。填accepted。 非谓语动词作定语 ① 动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事；动词-ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事或表示主动意义；动词-ed形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义。 ②动词不定式和动词-ing形式作定语时可以有被动形式。 注意： * the only，the last，the next等以及序数词后常用不定式作定语。 *被 the only，the best，the last，the next等或序数词修饰的词后，常用不定式作后置定 语。 * ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等抽象名词 后常用不定式作定语。 例题解析 1．When I was in my primary school, I had an opportunity (attend) a musical contest held in my school. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查不定式。句意：当我在小学时，我有机会参加在我校举办的一场音乐比赛。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词opportunity，修饰opportunity时，应使用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to attend。 2．The technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems and our cities. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项技术有潜力改变我们的交通系统和我们的城市。have the potential to do sth有做某事的潜力，为固定短语。不定式作后置定语。故填to change。 3．Standing in ancient relics, I tried to picture the lives of those (live) here thousands of years ago. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：站在古代遗迹中，我努力想象着数千年前生活在这里的人们的生活场景。本句谓语为tried，此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语；被修饰词those和动词live“生活”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填living。 4．Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized the amazing patience and skill (apply) behind every stitch (针) were such a miracle, weaving stories with threads. 【答案】applied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了亲身体验一番，我发现每一针背后所倾注的惊人耐心与技艺堪称奇迹，用丝线编织出一个个故事。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词patience and skill和动词apply之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填applied。 5．As people walk along the scroll (make) from up to 3 million LEGO bricks, they can picture themselves in busy streets centuries ago, where vendors were selling melons and kids were playing hide-and-seek.” 【答案】made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们沿着由多达300万块乐高积木制成的画卷行走时，他们可以想象自己身处几个世纪前热闹的街道上，那时小贩们在卖西瓜，孩子们在玩捉迷藏。“(make) from up to 3 million LEGO bricks”作后置定语，make(制造)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语scroll之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填made。 非谓语动词作状语 ① 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者结果，动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随、让步、条件等意义。 ②动词-ing形式具有主动意义，动词-ed形式具有被动意义。 ③动词-ing形式作状语可用完成式。 例题解析 1．However, as time passed, he saw fewer young people willing to learn the art as the income was too low (attract) them. 【答案】to attract 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，他发现越来越少的年轻人愿意学习这门艺术，因为收入太低，无法吸引他们。too…to…为固定搭配，表示“太……而不能……”，空处需填动词attract“吸引”的不定式。故填to attract。 2．Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy (find) and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：Jaramillo的学生住的社区里不容易找到新鲜食物和绿地，且快餐店的数量比杂货店多。此处为动词不定式作状语，表示“不容易找到”的含义。句子结构为be+形容词+to do，本结构中动词不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to find。 3．A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. 【答案】creating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个由12人组成的团队，包括4名表演者，用柳勺将铁水抛向冰冷的墙壁，从而产生了火花树。“(create) a tree of sparks”作结果状语，create(创造，造成)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“A team of 12”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。 4．Typically (perform) during festivals and weekends, dashuhua involves melting 500 kilograms of scrap iron at over 1,600℃. 【答案】performed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“打树花”通常在节日和周末表演，它需要在超过1600摄氏度的高温下熔化500公斤废铁。“(perform) during festivals and weekends”在句中作伴随状语，perform(演出，表演)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语是dashuhua，之间是被动关系，即“打树花被表演”，用过去分词表被动。故填performed。 5． (compare) with other global competitors, China is positioned better to achieve higher output of humanoid robots at lower costs. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他全球竞争对手相比，中国更有优势以更低的成本实现更高的人形机器人产量。“ (compare) with other global competitors”作状语，compare(比较)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语China之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。 非谓语动词作补语 ① allow，expect，forbid，force，order，permit，request，warn等动词后，常接“名词/代词＋动词不定式”结构，动词不定式作补语。 ② see，hear，notice，watch，feel，let，have等动词后，可以接不带to的动词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个过程；这些动词也可以接动词-ing形式作补语，表示动作正在进行或一直在进行。 ③ 动词-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义。 例题解析 1．We tried to convince him (change) his mind, but in vain. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们试图说服他改变主意，但没有成功。固定搭配convince sb. to do sth.“说服某人做某事”，应用动词不定式，作宾语补足语。故填to change。 2．Town planning was a particular concern to the Chinese, with many of its notable features still ________ (contribute) significantly to modern architecture. 【答案】contributing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：城镇规划是中国人特别关注的问题，其许多显著特点至今仍对现代建筑有重大贡献。contribute to (为……做贡献；促成)在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“many of its notable features”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填contributing。 3．With the College Entrance Exam (approach), I feel more and more stressed. It will ruin my college dream unless I take action now as soon as possible. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着高考的临近，我感到压力越来越大。除非我现在尽快采取行动，否则这会毁了我的大学梦。本题考查with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，所以空处需要非谓语动词作宾补，该动词和宾语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填approaching。 4．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 【答案】damaged 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：不幸的是，去年春天，他的房子在一场突如其来的飓风中严重受损，使他无家可归。分析句子可知，“had his house seriously ______ (damage)”是“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的结构。在这个结构中，宾语“his house”和宾补之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即“房子被损坏”，所以要用过去分词作宾语补足语，“damage”的过去分词形式是 “damaged”。故填damaged。 5．Lawyers, teachers, librarians, drivers, and receptionists may find their jobs (replace) by AI in the future. 【答案】replaced 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：律师、教师、图书管理员、司机和接待员可能会发现他们的工作在未来被AI取代。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，所以此处为非谓语动词作宾补， replace与宾语 their jobs之间构成被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填replaced。 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查不定式用法 1．Going on a spontaneous road trip is a way you can imagine (escape) from the daily routine and have some fun. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to escape 【详解】句意：来一场说走就走的公路旅行，是你能想到的摆脱日常生活、找点乐趣的一种方式。句中you can imagine是定语从句，修饰前面的a way，a way to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事的方式”，用动词不定式作后置定语，因此空格处需要用不定式to escape。 2．He ran all the way up to the station, only (find) that the train had left fifteen minutes before.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：他一路跑到车站，结果却发现火车十五分钟前就开走了。分析句子可知，此处为固定结构only to do sth，作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果，find“发现”用动词不定式形式。 3．When he noticed his classmates staring at him, he pretended (listen) carefully to the lecture so that no one would find he was absent-minded. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be listening 【详解】句意：当他发现同学们都在盯着他看时，他假装正在认真听课，以免有人发现他走神了。pretend to do“假装做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作宾语，结合“When he noticed his classmates staring at him”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用不定式的进行式to be doing。 4．Football is fun enough (attract) millions of people all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to attract 【详解】句意：足球的魅力之大，足以吸引全球数以百万计的球迷。be+形容词+enough to do sth.是固定用法，意为“足够……可以做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to attract。 5．There is no doubt that (achieve) a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to achieve 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，要想实现目标，一个人不仅需要知识，还需要良好的品格。宾语从句中已有谓语动词needs，空处应用非谓语动词，表目的，应用不定式to achieve。 6．Children nowadays tend to be so rebellious that parents often feel at a loss about what (expect) from them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to expect 【详解】句意：现在的孩子往往很叛逆，父母常常不知道对他们有什么期望。此处考查“疑问词+不定式”复合结构，“what to expect”在句中作about的宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。 7．She was extremely disappointed that the precious painting she had been looking forward to seeing was said (steal) before the exhibition opened. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to have been stolen 【详解】句意：她对此感到极为失望，因为她一直期待能看到的那幅珍贵的画作竟然据说在展览开幕前就已被盗了。此处为短语be said to do sth.，且steal与painting构成被动关系，先于谓语完成，应用to have been done形式。 8．At least 200, 000 people were reported (kill) in the ever recorded worst earthquake that struck Haiti last winter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to have been killed 【详解】考查不定式。句意：据报道，在去年冬天袭击海地的有记录以来最严重的地震中，至少有20万人丧生。be reported to do sth.意为“据报道做某事”，此处kill这一动作发生在were reported之前，且people与kill是被动关系，表示“人被杀害”，所以要用不定式的完成被动式to have been killed。故填to have been killed。 9．The renowned athlete is said (train) intensively for the upcoming Olympic Games in Los Angeles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be training 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位著名运动员据说正在为即将到来的洛杉矶奥运会进行高强度训练。此处为固定结构be said to do，结合语境，此处表示动作正在进行，用不定式的进行式to be training。故填to be training。 10．The proposal (discuss) tomorrow involves a plan that was suggested last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be discussed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天将要讨论的这项提案，涉及一项上个月提出的计划。主句已有谓语动词involves，空处作非谓语动词修饰主语The proposal。结合时间标志tomorrow可知，“讨论”这一动作尚未发生，且主语The proposal与动词discuss之间是被动关系，因此需用不定式的被动形式。故填to be discussed。 考向2 考查动名词用法 11．I’m considering the students (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：我正在考虑让学生们参加短期线上课程，以此提升他们的演讲表达能力。consider sb. doing sth.“考虑某人做某事”是固定搭配，动名词复合结构作宾语。 12．Happiness always keeps her company; something as simple as (drink) a cup of coffee can make her happy and content all morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】drinking 【详解】句意：快乐总是陪伴着她；像喝一杯咖啡这样简单的事情就能让她整个上午都开心和满足。根据“as simple as”可知，as为介词，后接动名词作宾语，drink的动名词形式为drinking。 13．The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to (recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new opportunities for her career. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being recognized 【详解】句意：这位年轻的艺术家多年来一直在不断磨练自己的技艺，她的作品正逐渐被国际艺术界所认可，这有可能为她的职业生涯带来新的机遇。此处to为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，且recognize与works构成被动关系，故用being done形式。 14．Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】writing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：马特做过的一些看似不可能的事包括写一本书和进行一次巡回演讲。根据“were”和并列连词“and”可知，此处与“going on a speaking tour”并列作表语，故应用动名词形式“writing”，表示“写”这一行为。故填writing。 15．Those scientists who dedicate their lives to the outer space exploration are worth (learn) from. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】learning 【详解】考查动名词。句意：那些将生命奉献给外太空探索的科学家值得我们学习。be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，这里用learning，主动形式表被动意义。故填learning。 16．The animal welfare committee has been devoted to (draw) public attention recently. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】drawing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：动物福利委员会近期一直致力于引起公众的关注。短语be devoted to doing sth.表示“致力于做某事”。故填drawing。 17．The scientists suggested the whole statue could have been brought to Venice after (encounter) by Maffeo Polo during their visit to Beijing.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being encountered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们暗示，这座雕像可能是Maffeo Polo在访问北京期间偶然发现的，之后被运到了威尼斯。after是介词，其后接动名词作宾语，且encounter与其逻辑主语the whole statue之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式being encountered。故填being encountered。 18．At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio’s (win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audience present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】winning 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在2016年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上，迪卡普里奥获得最佳男主角奖，所有在场的观众都印象深刻。结合句意及空前的DiCaprio’s可知,空处应填动名词的形式，此处为动名词的复合结构，作主语。故填winning。 19．We stayed by a sun-covered pond when holidaying in Cenote Ponderosa. (surround) by a valley of trees made everything else in the world seem to disappear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在Cenote Ponderosa度假时，我们住在一个阳光普照的池塘边。被山谷的树木包围，使世界上的一切似乎都消失了。空处和空后的by a valley of trees搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍的是经常性、习惯性的动作，surround“包围”和隐含的逻辑主语We之间是被动关系，因此应用surround的动名词被动语态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Being surrounded。 20．Despite (misunderstand) by the residents in this neighbourhood, the volunteers are still devoted to the fight against the pandemic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being misunderstood 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管被这个社区的居民误解了，但志愿者们仍然致力于抗击大流行病。介词Despite后接动名词作宾语，逻辑主语the volunteers与misunderstand是动宾关系，需填动名词的被动式。故填being misunderstood。 考向3 考查现在分词与过去分词用法 21．The moment she stepped onto the stage, she felt her heart (race) wildly, yet her voice remained steady. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】racing 【详解】句意：她一走上舞台，就感到心在狂跳，但声音却依然沉稳。空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，her heart和race是主动关系，且动作正在发生，应用现在分词racing。 22．It was the invention of agriculture that enabled humans to settle down, (save) them the trouble of moving from place to place for food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】saving 【详解】句意：正是农业的发明使人类得以定居下来，省去了他们为了食物而四处奔波的麻烦。根据句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，save与前面整个句子之间为主动关系，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。 23． (work) tirelessly for months, the software development team finally succeeded in launching a revolutionary new application. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Having worked 【详解】句意：经过数月的不懈努力，软件开发团队终于成功推出了一个具有革命性的新应用程序。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，此处work先于谓语动词完成，且与team为主动关系，故用having done形式，首字母大写。 24． (not invite) to the farewell party by his class teacher, Tom feels disappointed now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Not having been invited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有被班主任邀请参加告别派对，汤姆现在感到失望。句子主干是Tom feels disappointed now，空处是非谓语，作原因状语，Tom是“未被邀请”的被动承受者，且该动作发生在主句之前，因此需用现在分词的完成时的被动语态，其否定形式是直接在前面加not，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Not having been invited。 25．The problem (discuss) at the meeting at present has something to do with the current situation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being discussed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目前正在会议上讨论的这个问题与当前形势有关。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，discuss与逻辑主语the problem之间为被动关系，结合“at present”可知，此处表被动和正在进行，所以使用现在分词的被动进行形式being discussed意为“正在被讨论的”。故填being discussed。 26．The city planners are on the point of having the new transportation system (approve) by the government, which will significantly improve traffic flow in the urban area. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】approved 【详解】句意：城市规划者即将让新交通系统获得政府批准，这将大幅改善城区交通通行状况。此处 the new transportation system（新交通系统）与 approve（批准）是被动关系，故用过去分词approved作宾语补足语。 27．The old man sat under the tree, (lose) in deep thought, with his eyes fixed on the distant horizon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：那位老人坐在树下，陷入沉思之中，目光凝视着远方的地平线。句中谓语是sat，空格处用非谓语动词，be lost in deep thought是固定短语，意为“陷入沉思之中”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语。 28．Of the 200 drivers (test) since the beginning of the year, 10% were found lacking in knowledge about traffic rules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tested 【详解】句意：今年年初以来接受测试的200名司机中，有10%被发现缺乏交通规则知识。句中已有谓语动词were found，test(测试)作后置定语，应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语drivers之间是被动关系，用过去分词tested表被动和完成。 29．Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】placed 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：走路时低头看智能手机也会增加施加在颈部和上背部肌肉上的力量，这可能会降低平衡能力，增加摔倒的风险。force与place之间是被动关系，即“力量被施加”，所以用过去分词placed作后置定语修饰the amount of force。故填placed。 30．Over 1.2 billion people speak Chinese as their first language, (compare) with less than 400 million who speak English. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】compared 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意：超过12亿人将汉语作为第一语言，而说英语的人不到4亿。compare与句子主语Over 1.2 billion people之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词compared作状语。故填compared。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 非谓语动词在语法填空题中考查 例1 （2025·上海徐汇·二模） Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses 1 they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. They made it progressively harder, and discovered that the horses all changed their strategies in the most difficult stage 2 (ensure) they would continue getting treats. At this point, all the horses suddenly began to play the game correctly, only touching the card when it would lead to a treat. Instantly 7 (switch) strategies in this way indicates the horses understood the rule of the stop light the entire time, but had no reason to follow the rule when there was no consequence for getting it wrong. This showed the animals have the ability to think and plan ahead — something previously 8 (consider) to be beyond their capacity. 【答案】 2．to ensure 7．switching 8．considered 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们让游戏变得越来越难，并且发现马在最困难的阶段都改变了它们的策略，以确保它们能继续得到食物奖励。动词不定式短语作目的状语，说明马改变策略的目的是为了继续获得奖励。故填 to ensure。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：以这种方式立即改变策略表明马一直都理解交通信号灯的规则，但是当犯错没有后果时，它们没有理由去遵守规则。本句缺少主语，动名词switching作主语，动名词短语作主语表示一种行为或动作。故填 switching。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这表明这些动物有思考和提前规划的能力 —— 这是以前被认为超出它们能力范围的事情。“something” 和 “consider” 之间是被动关系，即 “某事被认为”，所以用过去分词 “considered”作定语。故填 considered。 例2（2025·上海浦东新·二模） These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you 4 (clarify) thoughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need 6 (heal) or just to get an extra smile out of someone.    Write appreciation notes at work. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes 9 (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).” 【答案】 4．to clarify 6．healing/to be healed 9．displayed 4．考查不定式。句意：这些发现表明，写作的过程能让你理清思绪并将其 “内化”，从而增加益处。“allow sb. to do sth.”允许某人做某事。故填 to clarify。 5．考查时态。句意：想想上次你在乎的人花时间给你写了一封真心的信时你是什么感受。the last time引导的时间状语从句，描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填 took。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可以利用这个机会来挽救需要修复的关系，或者只是让某人开心一下。need作实义动词时，且物做主语时，后面接动词的-ing 形式或不定式的被动形式，表示 “需要被……”。故填 healing/to be healed。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我走到世界的哪里，你都会发现我手写的便条被展示在员工的公告栏上。my handwritten notes与display 为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 displayed。 例3（2025·上海嘉定·二模） Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer 1 skills had been vital to their success. He held a unique flag, 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric, while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side. They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness. Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions. Peary’s success was not just luck — it was careful strategy, perseverance, and the strength of his team. 【答案】 2．sewn 3．to be forced 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他举着一面独特的旗帜，这面旗帜是由不同的织物缝制在一起的，而四位因纽特猎人则站在他身边。“ 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric” 是后置定语，修饰 “flag”，“flag” 与 “sew” 之间是被动关系，即 “旗帜被缝制”，所以用过去分词 “sewn”。故填 sewn。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在他们之前有许多人尝试过，结果却被恶劣的条件逼了回来。only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions” 是结果状语，“Many” 与 “force” 之间是被动关系，且表示出乎意料的结果，用 “only to be done” 结构，所以填 “to be forced”。故填 to be forced。 例4（2025·上海闵行·二模） Interested in writing, photography or current events? Looking for an experience 1 (inspire) your college essays? For students 6 (draw) to photography, we offer a special photojournalism track for both. Every option 7 (organize) in three sections: Applications for the on-campus session from June 24 to July 12 are due: April 19. Applications for learn-at-home sessions 10 (start) from June 17, July 1, and July 15 are due: May 10. 【答案】1．to inspire 6．drawn 10．starting 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：寻找能激发你大学论文灵感的经历吗？此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰experience，表示“一种用来启发……的经历”。故填to inspire。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于喜欢摄影的学生，我们为两者都提供了专门的新闻摄影课程。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词students，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作定语。故填drawn。 10．考查现在分词。句意：从6月17日、7月1日和7月15日开始的在家学习课程的申请截止日期为5月10日。此处作后置定语，修饰sessions，sessions和start是主动关系，用现在分词。故填starting。 例5（2025·上海虹口·二模） In Denmark and the other countries I visited, 2 (not understand) every word around me became strangely comforting. There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation, not being subjected to endless chatter. The hardest part wasn’t just adjusting to the noise, but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return. I longed 7 (share), but it felt like no one really understood. Only my fellow study-abroad friends could relate, and their sympathy was a comfort. The biggest change, though, was internal. I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery (心胸外科手术), 8 (convince) that medical school was my calling. Yet, living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective. 【答案】 2．not understanding 7．to share 8．convinced 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在丹麦和我去过的其他国家，听不懂周围的每一个字却奇怪地让人感到安慰。not understanding every word around me是动名词短语作主语，表示一种行为或状态。故填not understanding。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我渴望分享，但感觉好像没有人真正理解。“long to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “渴望做某事”。故填to share。 8．考查过去分词。句意：我曾经一心想在心胸外科领域发展，深信医学院是我的使命所在。“be convinced that...”为固定用法，故填convinced。 例6（2025·上海静安·二模） The unique workout, best 2 (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare, was invented by Australian fitness enthusiast Shaun MoCarthy. Although it’s still not known what urged him to come up with the odd activity, he seems 3   (convince) that the sport will revolutionize fitness as we know it. ‌“The only thing that crunning has changed about fitness is that it’s changed 4 about fitness, ” he says. ‌“It really works your legs and shoulders at the same time,” he said, 7 (add) that the sport burned more calories as well. 【答案】 2．described 3．convinced 7．adding 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项独特的锻炼，最恰当地被描述为你腿部的噩梦，是由澳大利亚健身爱好者肖恩·麦卡锡发明的。“best ____ (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare”作后置定语，describe(描述)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“The unique workout之”间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填described。 3．考查过去分词。句意：虽然还不清楚是什么促使他想出了这个奇怪的活动，但他似乎相信这项运动会彻底改变我们所知的健身方式。seems是系动词，提示词作表语，用形容词convinced，意为“确信的，信服的”，表明主语he的心理状态。故填convinced。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：“它真的能同时锻炼你的腿部和肩部，”他说，并补充说这项运动也能消耗更多的卡路里。“(add) that the sport burned more calories as well”作伴随状语，add(补充说)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填adding。 例7（2025·上海宝山·二模） The user provides a hint, like “cat swimming in a fish tank,” and the tool creates a video 2 (base) on everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. Tools that are based on a spread system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained 4 (recognize) objects so they can improve images by deleting the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker 5 (melt) raw gold multiple times in order to remove all its useless elements. 【答案】 2．based 4．to recognize 5．melting 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：用户输入如“猫在鱼缸里游泳”的提示后，工具会基于其对猫、水、鱼类及物理交互的全部认知生成视频。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词base与句子的主语the tool之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词based作状语。故填based。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：基于扩散系统的工具，例如OpenAI的Sora，经过训练能够识别物体，从而通过删除错误的视觉区块来提升图像质量。train somebody to do“训练某人做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作补足语，此处用的是被动语态。故填to recognize。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一过程可以与一名工人多次熔化生金以去除所有无用成分相提并论。空处为非谓语动词，a worker 与melt为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填melting。 例8（2025·上海杨浦·二模） The eye-catching architecture that marks the entrance to the station looks as if a 2 (threaten) giant has lifted up a tram car and thrown it into the solid concrete sidewalk. The construction of this station entrance, which looks particularly like the wreckage of a trolley car half buried in the ground, 4 (credit) to an architect named Zbigniew Peter Pininski. 5 (feature) At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal 7 (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. 【答案】 2．threatening 5．Featuring 7．to extend 2．考查形容词。句意：这个引人注目的车站入口建筑，看起来就像是一个极具威胁性的巨人举起了一辆有轨电车，并把它扔到了坚硬的水泥人行道上。空处为修饰名词用形容词，意为“有威胁性的”，用threatening作定语。故填threatening。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：他将苹果、鸡蛋、鸟、管道和时钟等常见物品置于不寻常的场景中，从而能够唤起观者的惊奇感和好奇心。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语he和feature之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Featuring。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，这个地铁站还只是法兰克福地铁系统扩建的一个提议。空处为非谓语动词形式，担当名词proposal的后置定语，用动词不定式形式。故填to extend。 例9（2025·上海崇明·二模） The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer 5 (write) a special song for Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s 9 (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them 10 (leave) in the wild. 【答案】 5．to write 9．breeding 10．left 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：广泛的宣传促使一位著名的泰国作曲家为Moo Deng创作了一首特别的歌曲。lead sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“导致某人做某事；使某人做某事”。故填to write。 9．考查形容词。句意：动物园园长纳隆威特·乔乔伊表示，Moo Deng带来的额外收入将帮助动物园开展许多濒危动物的繁殖计划，比如侏儒河马就面临着非法狩猎和栖息地丧失的威胁。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词programs。故填breeding。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：侏儒河马原产于西非，但专家表示，野外现存的侏儒河马数量仅剩2000至3000头。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，only 2,000-3,000 of them和leave为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填left。 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） There’s no doubt that 1 (cope) with stressful situations through long-term avoidance is harmful and can lead to more psychological distress, but not all avoidance is bad. Sometimes, it’s best not to choose between approaching or avoiding, but to shift between 2 two intentionally. Avoidance can allow the intensity of a negative experience 3 (decrease). When we use the word “you,” it is almost only to refer to other people, Dr. Kross said. But when you use it on yourself, it’s a strategy 8 (know) as distanced self-talk, which can be a powerful way to regulate negative emotions. 【答案】1．coping/to cope 3．to decrease 8．known 1．考查动名词和不定式。句意：毫无疑问，通过长期回避来应对压力是有害的，会导致更多的心理困扰，但并不是所有的回避都是不好的。空格处用动名词或不定式，在that引导的同位语从句中作主语，故填coping/to cope。 3．考查不定式。句意：逃避可以让负面体验的强度降低。allow sb./sth. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“使……能够做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to decrease作宾语补足语。故填to decrease。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：但当你把“你”这个词用在自己身上时，这就是一种被称为“自我疏离式对话”的策略，它是一种调节负面情绪的强大方法。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，strategy和know之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填known。 例11（2025~2026学年青浦区二模） By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines (4) ________ (introduce) immediately. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image (9) ________ (expect) to appear on various products. 【答案】 4. to be introduced 9. expected 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到二月中旬，“快乐姐姐”的老板说她每天接到超过1.5万件订单，这使得额外的生产线不得不立即被引进。固定搭配cause sth. to be done，表示“导致某物被……”，production lines与introduce之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故填to be introduced。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，“哭泣的马”的订单已涌向全球，其形象有望出现在各种产品上。with的复合结构中，image与expect之间为被动关系，即“形象被期望出现在产品上”，故用过去分词作宾补。故填expected。 例12（2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） By the dawn of the 2030s, the concept of "memory implantation" had shifted from science fiction to reality. No longer a mere fantasy, it had become a sophisticated neural procedure to enhance human recall, (1)_______ (allow) individuals to access detailed, lifelong memories with photographic precision. Once the initial integration was complete, the brain's neuroplasticity took over, strengthening the new synaptic (突触的) connections over a period of weeks. (3) _______ (minimize) the risk of identity confusion, most patients underwent the procedure in a controlled therapeutic setting,....... The motivations for (7) _______ (seek) the augmentation (增强) were as complex as the memories it provided. Many pursued it for intellectual growth. 答案:1.allowing 3. To minimize 7. seeking 【1 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到 21 世纪 30 年代初，“记忆植入” 的概念已从科幻变为现实。它不再是单纯的幻想，而是一种精密的神经技术，用于提升人类记忆力，让人们能以过目不忘的精准度获取详尽的终身记忆。此处逻辑主语 it（记忆植入技术）与 allow 为主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填 allowing。 【3 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将身份混淆的风险降到最低，大多数患者在受控的治疗环境中接受手术，而少数大胆的人选择在专业私人诊所进行。此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填 To minimize。 【7 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：寻求这种记忆增强技术的动机，和它提供的记忆本身一样复杂。介词 for 后接动名词作宾语。故填 seeking。 例13（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） Listening to new music is hard. Not hard compared to space travel, but hard compared to listening to music we already know. Those of us who have settled into adult life often don’t listen to new music. With work, bills, children and life ____1____ (come) into play, it’s easy to let go of the act of discovery. It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is........ When ____10____ (match) with a familiar pattern, a sound stimulates our brains to release dopamine — the chemical behind some of our strongest emotions. That’s why music can move us so deeply. 【答案】1. coming 7. to do 10. matched 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着工作、账单、孩子和生活的出现，我们很容易放弃探索的行为。空处是非谓语动词，with的复合结构中，work，bills，children and life和come之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填coming。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这与我们的大脑有关。have something to do with是固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填to do。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当与熟悉的模式匹配时，声音会刺激我们的大脑释放多巴胺——这种化学物质是我们一些最强烈情感的背后原因。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，此处match与逻辑主语a sound之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，状语从句完整句子为“When it is matched with a familiar pattern”，省略it is，保留过去分词。故填matched。 例14（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Ignore those who tell you to take “___7___ (calculate) risks.” It’s the greatness of risk that provides the potential reward. Do you need universities? It is noted that college graduates have the same jobless rate as those who didn’t get a college degree. So why go? Since 2011, the Thiel Fellowship has paid smart young people $200,000 over two years ___8___ (build) new things instead of sitting in a classroom. No one knows what’s next. The best way to predict the future is to invent it. You’ll make mistakes. You might even fail. So what? If your brain still functions, you can keep ____10____ (go) until you find success that surprises the world. There are no rules. Do your thing. Accomplish something. 【答案】 7. calculated 8. to build 10. going 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：不要理会那些让你去进行“权衡利弊的稳妥冒险”的人。本空修饰名词 risks，需用形容词calculated“精心估算的，权衡过的”，作定语。故填calculated。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自2011年以来，Thiel奖学金在两年内向聪明的年轻人支付了20万美元，让他们创造新事物，而不是坐在教室里。本空作目的状语，应用不定式形式to build。故填to build。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你的大脑仍然能正常运转，你可以继续前进，直到你找到让世界惊讶的成功。keep doing...为固定短语，意为“继续做……”，用动名词作宾语。故填going。 例15（2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） When a beloved book is adapted into a film, fans often experience a mix of excitement and anxiety. They look forward to seeing a familiar story on screen but worry that the film might not live up to the images they have imagined while reading. This reaction arises from how we read. For many, novels are not just stories; they are visual experiences ____1____ (carry) in the mind. Reading involves ____2____ (create) mental images of characters, settings, and events. These images, ..... Once an illustration had been seen by a reader, the character or scene was likely ____6____ (imagine) differently. 【答案】1. carried 2. creating 6. to be imagined 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对许多人而言，小说不仅仅是故事，更是在脑海中呈现的视觉体验。句中已有谓语动词are，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处修饰名词visual experiences，作后置定语，且carry(承载)与experiences之间是被动关系，需用过去分词。故填carried。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读包含在脑海中构建人物、场景和事件的心像。固定搭配involve doing sth. 意为“包含 / 需要做某事”，需用动名词形式作宾语。故填creating。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦读者看过一幅插图，这个人物或场景很可能就会被以不同的方式去想象了。be likely to do sth.意为 “可能做某事”；且主语character or scene与imagine之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动式。故填to be imagined。 例16（（2025~2026学年崇明区二模） ____4____ (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs ____9____ (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work ____10____ (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. 【答案】 4. Having traveled##Having travelled 9. based 10. to make 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1943年秋天，这家人沿着崎岖的道路走了整整一个月，到达了尘土飞扬却令人兴奋的敦煌莫高窟。travel在句中作非谓语动词，travel这一动作发生在arrived之前，且与主语the family之间是主动关系，应用现在分词的完成式作状语。故填Having travel(l)ed。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：常完成了许多基于敦煌壁画的关键设计，包括人民大会堂的天花板。base在句中作定语，be based on表示“以……为基础”，所以空处应用过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰designs。故填based。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她现在正与一个电子商务平台合作推广她的作品，以确保这门千年艺术得以延续。make在句中作非谓语动词，此处表目的，应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to make。 题型2 非谓语动词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海黄埔·二模） 1．这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧，现已售罄。（so）（汉译英） 【答案】The book recommended by this famous author is so popular that it is now out of stock/sold out. 【详解】考查状语从句、过去分词以及固定短语。根据句意，该句讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，结合提示的so可知，该句使用“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句；表示“这位知名作家推荐的书”作主语，表示“书”为the book，表示“知名作家推荐的”为定语修饰the book，recommend by this famous author与主语the book之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词短语作定语，即the book recommended by this famous author，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“广受追捧”可理解为“如此受欢迎”为so popular作表语，谓语动词为is；表示“现已售罄”为it is now out of stock或者it is now sold out，后者为一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为The book recommended by this famous author is so popular that it is now out of stock/sold out. 例2（2025·上海宝山·二模） 2．比起看恐怖电影，他更喜欢读武侠小说。(prefer) （汉译英） 【答案】He prefers reading Kung fu novels to watching horror movies. 【详解】考查动词，固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“他”应用he，在本句中作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“比起做……更喜欢做……”应用固定短语prefer doing sth. to doing sth.，句子描述的是一般性的喜好，时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词prefer用单数形式；表示“看恐怖电影”应用watching horror movies，为动名词短语作介词 to后宾语；表示“读武侠小说”应用reading Kung fu novels，为动名词短语作动词prefer后宾语。故翻译为He prefers reading Kung fu novels to watching horror movies. 例3【2025届上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 3．死记硬背语法规则却不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用，有何意义? (point) (汉译英) 【答案】What’s the point of memorizing grammar rules by rote without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts? 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般现在时表客观情况，表示“有何意义”应用what’s the point of，为固定句型；表示“死记硬背语法规则”应用memorizing grammar rules by rote，为动名词短语作介词of后宾语，其中by rote，表“死记硬背”，为固定搭配；表示“不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用”应用without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts，为介词短语作状语，其中know后面为特殊疑问词+不定式结构作宾语，flexibly(灵活地)，为副词作状语，in real contexts(在真实语境中)，为介词短语作状语。故翻译为What’s the point of memorizing grammar rules by rote without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts? 例4【2025届上海市格致中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 4．这位新上任的村官今年最重要的工作就是提倡婚丧从简，推进移风易俗。(advocate) (汉译英) 【答案】This newly-appointed village official’s most important task of this year is to advocate a new custom of simplifying weddings and funerals. 【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词、非谓语动词和时态。“这位新上任的村官”可译为this newly-appointed village official，作定语，用名词所有格形式this newly-appointed village official’s；主语“今年最重要的工作”用most important task of this year，谓语“是”用系动词，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态is；“提倡婚丧从简，推进移风易俗”用动词短语advocate a new custom of simplifying weddings and funerals，用不定式作表语，表示要去做的事情。综上，全句译为：This newly appointed village official’s most important task of this year is to advocate a new custom of simplifying weddings and funerals. 例5【2025届上海市延安中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 5．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 【答案】After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“背井离乡数十载(后)”应用After decades of living far from home，为介词短语作状语，其中 living far from home(离乡)为动名词作宾语；表示“这位年迈的物理学家”应用the aged physicist ，为名词短语作主语；表示“重返故里”应用returned to his hometown，时态用一般过去时表示过去情况；表示“惊觉(景象)”应用only to be struck by the sight，其中be struck by表“惊觉”， only to do sth.，为不定式短语表示出乎意料的结果；表示“当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖”应用that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy，为同位语从句解释说明the sight，其中he had planted with his own hands(当年手植的)为定语从句修饰前面名词the small tree，a towering one with a thick, shady canopy(一棵有着浓密阴凉树冠的大树)，为名词短语作宾语，这里时态都用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”概念。故翻译为After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 例6【2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题】 6．即将竣工的图书馆将为周边居民提供一处自我提升的空间。 (growth) (汉译英) 【答案】This library to be completed will provide nearby residents with a space for personal growth. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和固定短语。主语“即将竣工的图书馆”译为this library to be completed，其中不定式短语to be completed作后置定语，表示被动和将来；谓语“为……提供……”用动词短语provide sb. with sth.，描述将来的事情用一般将来时态will provide，宾语“周边居民”用nearby residents，介词宾语“一处自我提升的空间”用a space for personal growth。综上，全句译为：This library to be completed will provide nearby residents with a space for personal growth. 例7【2025届上海市浦东新区高三上学期一模考试英语试卷】 7．任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。(instead of)(汉译英) 【答案】Stay calm (at) any time instead of taking action blindly. 【详解】考查祈使句、介词短语和动名词。根据句意以及句子的提示短语可知，表示“任何时候都要保持冷静”应为祈使句结构Stay calm (at) any time；表示“而不是”应为介词短语instead of；表示“盲目行事”应为动名词短语taking action blindly。故翻译为：Stay calm (at) any time instead of taking action blindly. 例8【2025届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模考试英语试题】 8．从旧环境过渡到新环境可能很有挑战性，但耐心会让这个过程变得顺利起来。(transition)(汉译英) 【答案】Transitioning from an old environment to a new one can be quite challenging, but patience will make the process go smoothly. 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，表示“从旧环境过渡到新环境可能很有挑战性”应用transitioning from an old environment to a new one can be quite challenging，为主系表结构，其中transitioning from an old environment to a new one (从旧环境过渡到新环境) 为动名词短语作主语，challenging (有挑战性的) 为形容词作表语；表示“但耐心会让这个过程变得顺利起来”应用but patience will make the process go smoothly，时态用一般将来时表将来情况，其中go smoothly (变得顺利起来)，在本句中作宾补。故翻译为Transitioning from an old environment to a new one can be quite challenging, but patience will make the process go smoothly. 例9【上海市复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题】 9．如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（more than）(汉译英) 【答案】Nowadays, kite competitions are more than just a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture; they are also a crucial opportunity to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings. 【详解】考查固定短语，分句和非谓语动词。根据所给中文句子，两句是表递进关系，可用分号隔开，为两个分句，“风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台”为前句，“风筝赛”作主语，译为“kite competitions”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“是”作谓语动词用be动词are，“不仅仅”根据题干要求，用短语“more than”，“展示技艺、传承文化的平台”用介词短语作后置定语修饰名词，译为“a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture”，“更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机”为后句，可用代词they作主语，代指前句的风筝赛，谓语动词依旧用be动词are，“重要契机”为表语，译为“a crucial opportunity”，“推动文化体育事业繁荣发展”可用不定式作后置定语，译为“to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings”。故译为：Nowadays, kite competitions are more than just a platform for displaying skills and inheriting culture; they are also a crucial opportunity to promote the prosperity and development of cultural and sports undertakings. 例10【上海市向明中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中测试英语试卷】 10．旅行的意义不在于朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞，而在于从每日常规中挣脱出来，重新掌控自己生活的节奏。(not...but...) (汉译英) 【答案】The significance of travel lies not in how many likes on Moments, but in breaking away from daily routine and regaining control over the rhythm of one’s life. 【详解】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致和动名词。“旅行的意义”是the significance of travel，“在于”是固定短语lie in，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语significance是不可数名词，因此lie用第三人称单数，“不是……而是……”是固定搭配not...but...，“朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞”是how many likes on Moments，“从……中挣脱出来”是break away from，用动名词breaking作宾语，“每日常规”是daily routine，“重新掌控”是regain control over，用动名词regaining作宾语，“自己生活的节奏”是the rhythm of one’s life，用and连接两个动作。故答案为The significance of travel lies not in how many likes on Moments, but in breaking away from daily routine and regaining control over the rhythm of one’s life. （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） 54. 从导演到舞台设计，每个学生在戏剧节上都各尽其能，使其才华在课堂外尽情绽放。（bloom）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】From directors to stage designers, every student did their part in the Drama Festival, letting their talents bloom to the full outside the classroom. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和短语。表示“从导演到舞台设计”用from directors to stage designers，作状语；主语“每个学生”用every student；谓语“各尽其能”用do their part，句子陈述过去的事情，do用过去式did；“在戏剧节”用 the Drama Festival，作状语；“使其才华在课堂外尽情绽放”处理为非谓语动词作状语，“使得”用动词let，和“每个学生在戏剧节上都各尽其能”是主动关系，表示自然而然产生的结果，用现在分词letting，宾语“他们的才华”用their talents，“尽情绽放”用bloom to the full，bloom用省略to的不定式作宾补，“在课堂外”用outside the classroom。综上，故翻译为：From directors to stage designers, every student did their part in the Drama Festival, letting their talents bloom to the full outside the classroom. （2025~2026学年普陀区二模） 52. 公园的管理方张贴了新告示，呼吁人们文明遛狗。(notice)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The park management put up a new notice, appealing to people to walk their dogs in a civilized way. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“公园的管理方”用the park management，作主语；表示“张贴”用put up，句子描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，谓语用put的过去式put；表示“新告示”用a new notice；表示“呼吁人们做某事”用appeal to people to do sth.，appeal与逻辑主语the park management之间是主动关系，使用现在分词形式作状语；表示“文明遛狗”用walk their dogs in a civilized way。故翻译为：The park management put up a new notice, appealing to people to walk their dogs in a civilized way. （2025~2026学年静安区二模） 55. 在城市文化展上，面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣，志愿者们耐心讲解并亲自示范中国书法，成功推广了这一传统艺术。（which）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At the urban culture exhibition, faced with foreign friends’ strong interest, volunteers patiently explained and personally demonstrated Chinese calligraphy, which successfully promoted this traditional art. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。表示“在城市文化展上”为at the urban culture exhibition；表示“面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣”为过去分词短语，作状语，翻译为faced with foreign friends’ strong interest；表示“志愿者们”为复数名词volunteers；表示“耐心讲解”为patiently explain；表示“亲自示范”为personally demonstrate；表示“中国书法”为Chinese calligraphy；后跟非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故用which引导，表示“成功推广”为successfully promote；表示“这一传统艺术”为this traditional art。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为At the urban culture exhibition, faced with foreign friends’ strong interest, volunteers patiently explained and personally demonstrated Chinese calligraphy, which successfully promoted this traditional art. （2025~2026学年长宁区二模） 52. 邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词。表示“邻家小男孩”用the little boy next door，作句子主语，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“练习做某事”用practice doing sth.；表示“拉小提琴”用play the violin，用动名词，作宾语。表示“每天”用every day，本句描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式practices；表示“十分勤奋”用be very diligent，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故翻译为The little boy next door practices playing the violin every day and is very diligent. （2025~2026学年崇明区二模） 55. 这部聚焦生态保护的电视连续剧主题深刻、制作精湛，引起了强烈社会反响，成为今年的热门作品。(arouse) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The TV series focusing on ecological protection, with its insightful theme and superb production, has aroused a strong social response and become a hit this year. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。“这部电视连续剧”为“The TV series”；“聚焦”用focus on，这里用现在分词短语“focusing on ecological protection”作后置定语修饰the TV series；“主题深刻、制作精湛”可处理为with its insightful theme and superb production，作伴随状语 ；“引起”使用题目要求的arouse，“强烈社会反响”是a strong social response ，句子强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，arouse的过去分词是aroused ；“成为热门作品”即become a hit ，become的过去分词为become。故翻译为：The TV series focusing on ecological protection, with its insightful theme and superb production, has aroused a strong social response and become a hit this year. （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） 55. 这家位于大学内拐角处的咖啡店看似普普通通，实则咖啡豆品质上乘，难怪多年来深受师生青睐。(locate) （汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The coffee shop, located at the corner inside the university, seems ordinary, but in fact its coffee beans are of high quality, so no wonder (that) it has been popular with teachers and students over the years. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词短语和固定句型。主语“这家咖啡店”用the coffee shop，“看起来”seem，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表语“普通的”用形容词ordinary，“位于大学内拐角处”为后置定语，表达为located at the corner inside the university，but表转折，连 接并列句,“事实上”用in fact，主语“它的咖啡豆”用its coffee beans，“品质上乘”用are of high quality，构成系表成分，“因此”用so，连接并列句表结果，“难怪”用no wonder (that)...，从句的主语是it，指代上文提到的咖啡店，“受到某人的欢迎”用短语be popular with，“师生”用teachers and students，“多年来”用over the years，是现在完成时的标志词，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故翻译为：The coffee shop, located at the corner inside the university, seems ordinary, but in fact its coffee beans are of high quality, so no wonder (that) it has been popular with teachers and students over the years. （2025~2026学年闵行区二模） 53. 不停抱怨却不采取行动是没有意义的。（point）（汉译英） __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no point (in) keeping complaining without taking any action. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、动词时态及动名词。本句陈述客观情况，用一般现在时。根据提示词“point”，“做某事是没有意义的”用固定句型“There is no point (in) doing sth.”表示，“不停抱怨”用动词短语“keep complaining”表示，作介词in的宾语，用动名词形式keeping complaining。“却不采取行动” 译为without taking any action。故整句翻译为：There is no point (in) keeping complaining without taking any action. 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 非谓语动词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 不定式 to do 知识解构 知识点 1 不定式基础时态语态变形 知识点 2 不定式句法功能（主/宾/定/状/宾补/表） 考向破译 考向 1 不定式作目的 / 结果状语填空变形 考向 02 使役、感官动词宾补 to 省略考点 考点二 动名词 doing 知识解构 知识点 1 动名词主动 / 被动 / 完成式 知识点 2 只能接 doing 作宾语的动词清单 知识点 3 动名词复合结构、主语用法 考向破译 考向 01 固定搭配区分 to do 与 doing 考向 02 动名词作主语、介词后填空 考点三 分词（现在分词 doing / 过去分词 done） 知识解构 知识点 1 分词时态语态变形、逻辑主语判定 知识点 2 分词作定语、状语、宾补规则 考向破译 考向 01 逗号分隔分词状语主被动区分 考向 02 独立主格结构语境变形填空 考点四 非谓语综合易混辨析 知识解构 知识点 1 三类非谓语核心语义差异 知识点 2 非谓语作后置定语区分 知识点 3 非谓语与谓语动词区分技巧 考向破译 考向 01 语篇多空混合三类非谓语判断 考向 02 翻译中非谓语整合长修饰短句 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 考点要求 形式 近年考题 三大形式： • to do（不定式）——目的、结果、形容词/名词后置定语、主语、宾语、宾补。 • V-ing（现在分词/动名词）——主动、进行；作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语（伴随、原因、结果）。 • V-ed（过去分词）——被动、完成；作定语、状语、宾补、表语。 高频易错： • 感官/使役动词 see/make/have 等 + 宾补 • 完成式/被动式的复合结构 语 法 填 空 题 句 子 翻 译 题 【2025上海高考】The most likely explanation for its ____3____ (expose) position was that it had been chased, picked up and dropped by the dog she’d heard, and had ended up lost on the track. Dalton was at a crossroads. She knew that ____4____ (pick) up the animal might do more harm than good, but leaving it there might lead to an equally unwelcome outcome. She picked it up. Dalton and the hare learned to respect each other’s boundaries, which allowed them ____9____ (coexist) peacefully. 【答案】 3. exposed 4. picking 9. to coexist 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于它暴露的位置，最可能的解释是，它被她听到的那只狗追逐、捡起又扔在地上，最后在小路上迷路了。此处需要形容词修饰名词position，expose的形容词形式exposed 意为“无遮蔽的；暴露的”，符合语境。故填exposed。 【4题详解】 考查动名词。句意：她知道捡起那只动物可能弊大于利，但把它留在那里可能会导致同样不受欢迎的结果。knew that后接宾语从句，从句中需要主语，动词pick需变为动名词形式 picking，表示“捡起这个动物”的行为。故填picking。 【9题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：道尔顿和野兔学会了尊重彼此的边界，这使他们能够和平共处。固定用法allow sb./sth. to do sth.，意为 “允许某人/某物做某事”，因此填动词不定式to coexist。故填to coexist。 【2023上海秋考】His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) _____(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )_____(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age. The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )_________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. 【答案】 22.to watch 23.assuming 27.seated 【解析】 22.考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。 23.考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。 27.考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入seated。 【2023上海春考】(21) __________( originate ) in the United States of America, the idea of Young Enterprise was introduced into Britain by a successful banker. But it is usually possible (24 )__________ ( include ) young people in the same age group who have left school but have not yet started work. A Sponsor,(29)______ (reward) only by the success of the enterprise of "its" Achievers, is an organization which participates in Young Enterprise and,at its own expense, provides facilities by making available communications,advice and encouragement. 【答案】21. Originating 24. to include 29. rewarded 【解析】 21. 考查现在分词 "originate"是“起源于……”，非谓语动词的现在分词形式，修饰"the idea of Young Enterprise"，表示Young Enterprise的想法起源于美国。 24. 考查动词不定式。"to include"根据句子结构，空格前的谓语动词is。判定此处为非谓语动词，而且结合句子结构It is加形容词加to do something.故填入动词不定式to include. 句意：但通常可以将同一年龄段的年轻人包括在内，他们已经离开学校，但尚未开始工作。 29.考查过去分词。"rewarded"是过去分词作后置定语，修饰"Sponsor"，表示"被奖励"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 考情分析： • 命题特点：全部放在主题语篇（科技、环保、社会现象）中，强调“形式—逻辑主语—篇章意义”三维匹配，无孤立结构题。 • 语法填空 涉及非谓语——如：1. 动名词作主语 (Ignoring...)；2. 过去分词作宾补 (products developed)；3. 现在分词作结果状语 (leading to...) 复习目标： 1. 熟练非谓语动词的基本用法及语法功能和变化形式； 2. 掌握非谓语动词与谓语动词的区别； 3. 强化在复杂语境中及句子翻译中非谓语动词的综合运用。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 知●识●解●构 知识点1 不定式的用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如： I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2．用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语） He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语） I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语） His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语） On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语） She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语） The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 知识点2 动名词的用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam. 知识点3 分词的用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 1. The child standing over there is my brother．（现在分词做定语） 2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends. （过去分词做定语） 3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.（现在分词做补语） 4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. （过去分词做补语） 5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.（过去分词做状语） 6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.（现在分词做状语） 7. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.（现在分词否定形式） 8. Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.（现在分词完成形式） 知识点4 非谓语各种成份之比较 非谓语动词作主语 动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中用作主语。 ?动词不定式作主语时，常常用形式主语it代替，不定式置于句末。 常见句型： It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth. It + be +名词+to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. It’s up to sb. to do sth. It is unwise of you to stay up late every day. 你每天熬夜是不明智的。 ?动词-ing形式作主语时，有时也可以用形式主语it代替，动词-ing形式置于句末。 常见句型： It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time/ …+动词-ing… 例题解析 1．In Vancouver, it is unusual (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day. 2．It is quite convenient (shop) online and you can also buy a wide variety of goods at a low price. 3．I began to think how amazing a thing it was (die) in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. 4．It’s no use (complain) without taking any action as we all know actions speak louder than words. 5．Nowadays, (equip) with a knowledge of computer is an essential qualification for most of the posts in the job market. 非谓语动词作宾语 动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中用作宾语。 1). afford，agree，arrange，choose，claim，desire，expect，fail，hope，intend，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish 等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。 2) advise，admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，deny，enjoy，finish，practise，suggest 等动词后，以及 burst out，give up，insist on，keep on，put off等短语后，常接动词-ing形式作宾语。 3). like，love，begin，start等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但二者区别不大，常可以交换使用。 4). remember，forget，regret，try，mean等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但二者意义不同。 5). 介词后一般只接动词-ing形式作宾语。 例题解析 1．To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided (take) Chinese folk music as an elective course. 2．With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary (have) a good command of English. 3．Bob, who organised Live Aid, intended (raise) money for the famine and it turned out to be a great success. 4．These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth (preserve). 5．Many young people decided to abandon (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price. 非谓语动词作表语 ①动词不定式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语，有时to可以省略。 ② 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语的特征或者状态，动词-ing形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。 例题解析 1．The most important thing is (balance) the development of economy with the protection of environment. 2．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 3．There’s no (deny) that China has made great progress in the past decades. 4．We all need to get (involve) in saving energy whether it’s at work, at home, or at school. 5．The couple has a high success rate in getting (accept) as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations. 非谓语动词作定语 ① 动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事；动词-ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事或表示主动意义；动词-ed形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义。 ②动词不定式和动词-ing形式作定语时可以有被动形式。 注意： * the only，the last，the next等以及序数词后常用不定式作定语。 *被 the only，the best，the last，the next等或序数词修饰的词后，常用不定式作后置定 语。 * ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等抽象名词 后常用不定式作定语。 例题解析 1．When I was in my primary school, I had an opportunity (attend) a musical contest held in my school. 2．The technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems and our cities. 3．Standing in ancient relics, I tried to picture the lives of those (live) here thousands of years ago. 4．Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized the amazing patience and skill (apply) behind every stitch (针) were such a miracle, weaving stories with threads. 5．As people walk along the scroll (make) from up to 3 million LEGO bricks, they can picture themselves in busy streets centuries ago, where vendors were selling melons and kids were playing hide-and-seek.” 非谓语动词作状语 ① 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者结果，动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随、让步、条件等意义。 ②动词-ing形式具有主动意义，动词-ed形式具有被动意义。 ③动词-ing形式作状语可用完成式。 例题解析 1．However, as time passed, he saw fewer young people willing to learn the art as the income was too low (attract) them. 2．Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy (find) and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. 3．A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. 4．Typically (perform) during festivals and weekends, dashuhua involves melting 500 kilograms of scrap iron at over 1,600℃. 5． (compare) with other global competitors, China is positioned better to achieve higher output of humanoid robots at lower costs. 非谓语动词作补语 ① allow，expect，forbid，force，order，permit，request，warn等动词后，常接“名词/代词＋动词不定式”结构，动词不定式作补语。 ② see，hear，notice，watch，feel，let，have等动词后，可以接不带to的动词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个过程；这些动词也可以接动词-ing形式作补语，表示动作正在进行或一直在进行。 ③ 动词-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义。 例题解析 1．We tried to convince him (change) his mind, but in vain. 2．Town planning was a particular concern to the Chinese, with many of its notable features still ________ (contribute) significantly to modern architecture. 3．With the College Entrance Exam (approach), I feel more and more stressed. It will ruin my college dream unless I take action now as soon as possible. 4．Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously (damage) in a sudden hurricane, which made him homeless. 5．Lawyers, teachers, librarians, drivers, and receptionists may find their jobs (replace) by AI in the future. 考●向●破●译 考向1 考查不定式用法 1．Going on a spontaneous road trip is a way you can imagine (escape) from the daily routine and have some fun. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．He ran all the way up to the station, only (find) that the train had left fifteen minutes before.(所给词的适当形式填空) 3．When he noticed his classmates staring at him, he pretended (listen) carefully to the lecture so that no one would find he was absent-minded. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Football is fun enough (attract) millions of people all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．There is no doubt that (achieve) a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．Children nowadays tend to be so rebellious that parents often feel at a loss about what (expect) from them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．She was extremely disappointed that the precious painting she had been looking forward to seeing was said (steal) before the exhibition opened. （所给词的适当形式填空） 8．At least 200, 000 people were reported (kill) in the ever recorded worst earthquake that struck Haiti last winter. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The renowned athlete is said (train) intensively for the upcoming Olympic Games in Los Angeles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The proposal (discuss) tomorrow involves a plan that was suggested last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考向2 考查动名词用法 11．I’m considering the students (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Happiness always keeps her company; something as simple as (drink) a cup of coffee can make her happy and content all morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to (recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new opportunities for her career. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Those scientists who dedicate their lives to the outer space exploration are worth (learn) from. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．The animal welfare committee has been devoted to (draw) public attention recently. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 17．The scientists suggested the whole statue could have been brought to Venice after (encounter) by Maffeo Polo during their visit to Beijing.(所给词的适当形式填空) 18．At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio’s (win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audience present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．We stayed by a sun-covered pond when holidaying in Cenote Ponderosa. (surround) by a valley of trees made everything else in the world seem to disappear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．Despite (misunderstand) by the residents in this neighbourhood, the volunteers are still devoted to the fight against the pandemic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考向3 考查现在分词与过去分词用法 21．The moment she stepped onto the stage, she felt her heart (race) wildly, yet her voice remained steady. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．It was the invention of agriculture that enabled humans to settle down, (save) them the trouble of moving from place to place for food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23． (work) tirelessly for months, the software development team finally succeeded in launching a revolutionary new application. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24． (not invite) to the farewell party by his class teacher, Tom feels disappointed now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．The problem (discuss) at the meeting at present has something to do with the current situation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．The city planners are on the point of having the new transportation system (approve) by the government, which will significantly improve traffic flow in the urban area. （所给词的适当形式填空） 27．The old man sat under the tree, (lose) in deep thought, with his eyes fixed on the distant horizon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．Of the 200 drivers (test) since the beginning of the year, 10% were found lacking in knowledge about traffic rules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．Over 1.2 billion people speak Chinese as their first language, (compare) with less than 400 million who speak English. （所给词的适当形式填空） 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 题型1 非谓语动词在语法填空题中考查 例1 （2025·上海徐汇·二模） Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses 1 they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. They made it progressively harder, and discovered that the horses all changed their strategies in the most difficult stage 2 (ensure) they would continue getting treats. At this point, all the horses suddenly began to play the game correctly, only touching the card when it would lead to a treat. Instantly 7 (switch) strategies in this way indicates the horses understood the rule of the stop light the entire time, but had no reason to follow the rule when there was no consequence for getting it wrong. This showed the animals have the ability to think and plan ahead — something previously 8 (consider) to be beyond their capacity. 例2（2025·上海浦东新·二模） These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you 4 (clarify) thoughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need 6 (heal) or just to get an extra smile out of someone.    Write appreciation notes at work. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes 9 (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).” 例3（2025·上海嘉定·二模） Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer 1 skills had been vital to their success. He held a unique flag, 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric, while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side. They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness. Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions. Peary’s success was not just luck — it was careful strategy, perseverance, and the strength of his team. 例4（2025·上海闵行·二模） Interested in writing, photography or current events? Looking for an experience 1 (inspire) your college essays? For students 6 (draw) to photography, we offer a special photojournalism track for both. Every option 7 (organize) in three sections: Applications for the on-campus session from June 24 to July 12 are due: April 19. Applications for learn-at-home sessions 10 (start) from June 17, July 1, and July 15 are due: May 10. 例5（2025·上海虹口·二模） In Denmark and the other countries I visited, 2 (not understand) every word around me became strangely comforting. There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation, not being subjected to endless chatter. The hardest part wasn’t just adjusting to the noise, but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return. I longed 7 (share), but it felt like no one really understood. Only my fellow study-abroad friends could relate, and their sympathy was a comfort. The biggest change, though, was internal. I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery (心胸外科手术), 8 (convince) that medical school was my calling. Yet, living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective. 例6（2025·上海静安·二模） The unique workout, best 2 (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare, was invented by Australian fitness enthusiast Shaun MoCarthy. Although it’s still not known what urged him to come up with the odd activity, he seems 3   (convince) that the sport will revolutionize fitness as we know it. ‌“The only thing that crunning has changed about fitness is that it’s changed 4 about fitness, ” he says. ‌“It really works your legs and shoulders at the same time,” he said, 7 (add) that the sport burned more calories as well. 例7（2025·上海宝山·二模） The user provides a hint, like “cat swimming in a fish tank,” and the tool creates a video 2 (base) on everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. Tools that are based on a spread system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained 4 (recognize) objects so they can improve images by deleting the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker 5 (melt) raw gold multiple times in order to remove all its useless elements. 例8（2025·上海杨浦·二模） The eye-catching architecture that marks the entrance to the station looks as if a 2 (threaten) giant has lifted up a tram car and thrown it into the solid concrete sidewalk. The construction of this station entrance, which looks particularly like the wreckage of a trolley car half buried in the ground, 4 (credit) to an architect named Zbigniew Peter Pininski. 5 (feature) At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal 7 (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. 例9（2025·上海崇明·二模） The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer 5 (write) a special song for Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s 9 (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them 10 (leave) in the wild. 例10（2025·上海黄浦·二模） There’s no doubt that 1 (cope) with stressful situations through long-term avoidance is harmful and can lead to more psychological distress, but not all avoidance is bad. Sometimes, it’s best not to choose between approaching or avoiding, but to shift between 2 two intentionally. Avoidance can allow the intensity of a negative experience 3 (decrease). When we use the word “you,” it is almost only to refer to other people, Dr. Kross said. But when you use it on yourself, it’s a strategy 8 (know) as distanced self-talk, which can be a powerful way to regulate negative emotions. 例11（2025~2026学年青浦区二模） By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines (4) ________ (introduce) immediately. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image (9) ________ (expect) to appear on various products. 例12（2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） By the dawn of the 2030s, the concept of "memory implantation" had shifted from science fiction to reality. No longer a mere fantasy, it had become a sophisticated neural procedure to enhance human recall, (1)_______ (allow) individuals to access detailed, lifelong memories with photographic precision. Once the initial integration was complete, the brain's neuroplasticity took over, strengthening the new synaptic (突触的) connections over a period of weeks. (3) _______ (minimize) the risk of identity confusion, most patients underwent the procedure in a controlled therapeutic setting,....... The motivations for (7) _______ (seek) the augmentation (增强) were as complex as the memories it provided. Many pursued it for intellectual growth. 例13（2025~2026学年虹口区二模） Listening to new music is hard. Not hard compared to space travel, but hard compared to listening to music we already know. Those of us who have settled into adult life often don’t listen to new music. With work, bills, children and life ____1____ (come) into play, it’s easy to let go of the act of discovery. It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is........ When ____10____ (match) with a familiar pattern, a sound stimulates our brains to release dopamine — the chemical behind some of our strongest emotions. That’s why music can move us so deeply. 例14（2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） Ignore those who tell you to take “___7___ (calculate) risks.” It’s the greatness of risk that provides the potential reward. Do you need universities? It is noted that college graduates have the same jobless rate as those who didn’t get a college degree. So why go? Since 2011, the Thiel Fellowship has paid smart young people $200,000 over two years ___8___ (build) new things instead of sitting in a classroom. No one knows what’s next. The best way to predict the future is to invent it. You’ll make mistakes. You might even fail. So what? If your brain still functions, you can keep ____10____ (go) until you find success that surprises the world. There are no rules. Do your thing. Accomplish something. 例15（2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） When a beloved book is adapted into a film, fans often experience a mix of excitement and anxiety. They look forward to seeing a familiar story on screen but worry that the film might not live up to the images they have imagined while reading. This reaction arises from how we read. For many, novels are not just stories; they are visual experiences ____1____ (carry) in the mind. Reading involves ____2____ (create) mental images of characters, settings, and events. These images, ..... Once an illustration had been seen by a reader, the character or scene was likely ____6____ (imagine) differently. 例16（（2025~2026学年崇明区二模） ____4____ (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs ____9____ (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work ____10____ (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. 题型2 非谓语动词在句子翻译中的运用 例1 （2025·上海黄埔·二模） 1．这位知名作家推荐的书广受追捧，现已售罄。（so）（汉译英） 例2（2025·上海宝山·二模） 2．比起看恐怖电影，他更喜欢读武侠小说。(prefer) （汉译英） 例3【2025届上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 3．死记硬背语法规则却不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用，有何意义? (point) (汉译英) 例4【2025届上海市格致中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 4．这位新上任的村官今年最重要的工作就是提倡婚丧从简，推进移风易俗。(advocate) (汉译英) 例5【2025届上海市延安中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 5．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 例6【2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题】 6．即将竣工的图书馆将为周边居民提供一处自我提升的空间。 (growth) (汉译英) 例7【2025届上海市浦东新区高三上学期一模考试英语试卷】 7．任何时候都要保持冷静，而非盲目行事。(instead of)(汉译英) 例8【2025届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模考试英语试题】 8．从旧环境过渡到新环境可能很有挑战性，但耐心会让这个过程变得顺利起来。(transition)(汉译英) 例9【上海市复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题】 9．如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（more than）(汉译英) 例10【上海市向明中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中测试英语试卷】 10．旅行的意义不在于朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞，而在于从每日常规中挣脱出来，重新掌控自己生活的节奏。(not...but...) (汉译英) （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） 54. 从导演到舞台设计，每个学生在戏剧节上都各尽其能，使其才华在课堂外尽情绽放。（bloom）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年普陀区二模） 52. 公园的管理方张贴了新告示，呼吁人们文明遛狗。(notice)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年静安区二模） 55. 在城市文化展上，面对外国朋友的浓厚兴趣，志愿者们耐心讲解并亲自示范中国书法，成功推广了这一传统艺术。（which）(汉译英) （2025~2026学年长宁区二模） 52. 邻家小男孩每天练习拉小提琴，十分勤奋。(practice) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年崇明区二模） 55. 这部聚焦生态保护的电视连续剧主题深刻、制作精湛，引起了强烈社会反响，成为今年的热门作品。(arouse) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________________ （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） 55. 这家位于大学内拐角处的咖啡店看似普普通通，实则咖啡豆品质上乘，难怪多年来深受师生青睐。(locate) （汉译英） （2025~2026学年闵行区二模） 53. 不停抱怨却不采取行动是没有意义的。（point）（汉译英） 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $