题型2 人与自然——植物，动物，自然环境-【百川育人】2026版中考必刷英语真题分类

人与自然一植物，动物，自然资源，自然环境 (-) A.To become a famous person. (2025·安徽，69题，8分) B.To develop a habit. Sanket Reddy has spent years in forests around C.To add value to animals'lives. the world taking photos of wildlife.While the D.To get good pictures. animals have always interested him,the people who 4.Why did Sanket write the book View Finder? live alongside them have changed how he sees the A.To share photographic skills. world and himself."Life lessons from those people B.To research forests around the world. have truly moved me,"he says. C.To introduce protection areas. From South India to Central America,Sanket D.To spread what he learned to the young. has met communities who live in peace with nature. (二) “They understand the value of every species(物 (2025·河南，11题，10分) 种)，no matter how small,”he says.“Even if you are just watching sparrows(庥雀)，you might try to understand why they are doing what they are doing."In our busy lives,we often fail to notice these small moments(瞬间).But to Sanket,they Sunshine does make people happier.Imagine matter.Because noticing is the first step towards how cheerful you are when it clears up after long caring.And once you care,the protection of cold rainy days.Let's discover science behind wildlife feels like a natural thing. sunlight. For Sanket,wildlife photography has never Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical( been about becoming famous..“I do it to add value学物质)called serotonin(血清素).When you are to animals'lives,"he says."Don't do it to get a exposed to sunlight,your body will make more few good pictures.” serotonin.Higher levels of serotonin will keep you Sanket shares the stories and moments that in good spirits.At night,when there is little or no shaped him in his book View Finder."I feel I need light,your body produces another chemical-melatonin to pass on what I have learned from nature to the(褪黑微素).It helps your body relax and will make young people.They are the future,"he says. you feel tired,which can prepare you for a good 1.Where are Sanket's life lessons mainly from? night's sleep.You should keep a good balance A.The forests. B.The people. between these two chemicals. C.The photos. D.The animals. However,for many people,it is hard to 2.What does the underlined word "they"in balance sunlight with darkness.People who stay paragraph2 refer to(指的是)？ indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight.The A.Small moments. B.Busy lives. light in a house is usually about 100 times less than C.Sparrows. D.Communities. that outside on a sunny day. That's why it is 3.Why did Sanket take up wildlife photography? believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.They can get some exercise,enjoy the Vitamin D from sunlight. fresh air and be happy,all at the same time. 4.Jack is a person with SAD.How could he solve There are places where it gets dark for a long his problem according to the text? time in the winter.People in those places are easier A.By staying indoors a lot. to get seasonal affective disorder (SAD).People B.By taking in more fresh air. with SAD usually go through bad experiences such C.By doing some exercise. as low energy and sadness.The most common D.By using man-made lights treatment for those people is to sit under bright 5.Why is the sentence"Why do we love sunshine?" artificial(人工的)lights for some time. written in the last paragraph? The roles that sunshine plays in people's life A.To encourage readers to learn more about are more than those above.For example,your sunlight. body produces Vitamin D(维生素D)from B.To advise readers to stay in houses for enough sunlight,which is important for being healthy.In time. fact,there is more science about sunlight for you to C.To expect readers to realize the importance of discover.So next time,when you notice the Vitamin. sunshine on your shoulder,take a moment to D.To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy think,“Why do we love sunshine?” the fresh air. 1.Which of the following can take the place of "are (三) exposed to"in the text? (2025·苏州，22题，8分) A.stay in B.care about The sun hung low,brushing C.dream of D.depend on gold over the empty area.The 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? air buzzed（喧闹)一not with A.What can help people to keep in good spirits insects, but with voices, B.How light influences people through chemicals. cameras,and the weight of something about to C.Why melatonin can help people relax for a begin. sleep. Roy's heart beat like a drum.He looked out at D.Which chemical is thought to be more the people gathering for the pancake house ground- important. breaking ceremony(仪式).Behind him stood the 3.Which of the following is an opinion(观点) company men and the reporters.And under his according to the text? feet-hidden underground-were the tiny burrows A.There are places where it gets dark for a long (洞穴)of the owls. time in the winter. No sign marked them.No fence protected B.People who stay indoors a lot should get them.They asked nothing,made no sound,yet outside in the sunshine. now heavy machines waited,ready to destroy C.The light in a house is usually less than that 坏)their living area. outside on a sunny day. He thought of Mullet Fingers,the wild boy D.People's bodies produce something called who cared about animals more than himself.He thought of brave Beatrice who helped even when it C.The manager. was hard.Roy had tried to stay out of trouble.He D.The newspaper reporters. liked quiet.But now,staying quiet didn't feel2.Why was Roy speaking to the crowd at the right. ceremony? He stepped up to the microphone(话筒). A.To raise money for wildlife. “Excuse me,”he said,voice shaking.“Before B.To protect the owls'living area. you dig...you should know the truth. C.To advertise the pancake house. The crowd(人群)grew quiet. D.To welcome people from other towns. "There are owls living here,Roy said.3.What does the underlined sentence in the passage "They're small.They're scared.And if you build mean? here,you'll destroy their homes. A.Extra cost should be paid to protect nature. Someone in the crowd laughed.A reporter B.There's nothing more important than progress. asked,“How do you know that?” C.Nature shouldn't be destroyed for development. "Because I saw them.I stood right there and D.People should cut the cost of creating wonders. watched them.They live here.They belong here.4.What can we learn from Roy's story in the And they matter..” passage? The manager stepped forward,"This is not A.Silence sometimes speaks louder than your business,kid.” actions Roy turned to face him.His fear turned into B.Finding out the truth needs patience and something else-strength. wisdom. "It's my business.It's everyone's business. C.Knowing yourself helps you make the right We can't just destroy what we don't see.Progress choice. should not come at the cost of wonder,"he said. D.Standing up for nature takes courage but it's His hands stopped shaking.People in the worth it. crowd began whispering.One mother held her (四) child's hand.A teacher nodded.Even the manager (2025·江西，68题，10分) looked uncertain. You can put a stamp on it,you Roy didn't know what would happen next.But can write an address on it,and you he did what he could.He spoke the truth. can send it through the mail.No, coconut husk Roy used to be scared.But doing the right it's not a package().It's the thing made him stronger. amazing coconut(椰子)！The coconut is different Sometimes,doing what you can is enough to from most other fruits because every part of it is shift(改变)the wind.. useful.People have been using coconuts in many 1.Who did Roy think of before stepping up to the different ways.Here are some of them. microphone? One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of A.His teacher. energy.Scientists are working on using coconuts B.Mullet Fingers and Beatrice. for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel(). A.To advise people to protect coconuts. It can power cars,trucks,ships and many more. B.To ask people to grow more coconuts. Students at Baylor University find that coconut C.To show the value and uses of coconuts. husks(外壳)can take in water very well.So D.To introduce a fuel made from coconuts. mixing coconut husks with dry soil()helps the 5.What would be the best structure of the passage? soil to hold onto more of the water.The students ①②③④ ① also find that coconut husks can take the place of A B.②③④ plastic in some cases.If this is possible,it will help 5 ⑤ people use less plastic. ① The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm.That's why D. ②③④⑤ some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging.Each year,tourists post (五) about3,000 of these“coconut postcards”. (2025·山东烟台，12题，8分) Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries A new study warns that millions of Europeans of the world.They require only sun and proper could die from heat-related causes by the end of the rain.No special care is needed.Every year,more century.The study was based on predicted climate than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced.It is activities in 854 different European cities.It found not surprising,then,that people want to find so that hot weather could kill as many as 2.3 million many uses for the coconut. people in Europe by 2100. 1.Why is the coconut different from most other Presently,cold weather kills far more people fruits? in Europe than hot weather.But the study found A.Stamps can be put on it. that as temperatures continue to rise,deaths from B.Every part of it is useful. cold weather will reduce over time.However,heat- C.People send it in a package. related deaths are predicted to rise greatly. D.Addresses can be written on it. The researchers said the number of predicted 2.What does the underlined word“power”in deaths could be reduced if nations are able to find Paragraph 2 mean? better ways of cutting down carbon()pollution A.Make room for. levels.They called for increased efforts to reduce B.Add value to. greenhouse gases and develop air-cooling systems in C.Provide energy for. parts of Europe.Without such efforts,places in D.Put weight on. Italy,southern Spain and Greece are likely to see 3.In which part of the magazine could we read the large increases in heat deaths related to climate passage? change. A.Story Time. B.History World. On the other hand,much of Scandinavia and C.Sports News. D.Amazing Nature. Britain are predicted to see fewer cold-related 4.What's the main purpose of the passage? deaths,largely because low temperatures are expected to be moderate. B.Barcelona will be hit by heat-related deaths Pierre Masselot helped lead the research of the C.Millions of Europeans face deadly heat risks environmental effects on human health."The D.Actions are needed to reduce carbon pollution Mediterranean(地中海)is a so-called climate (六) hotspot,"he said."It's an area that is warming (2025·天津，31题，10分) much quicker than the rest of the world.And Lanternfish(灯笼鱼)are fish that carry their Malta is right in the middle of it.The study own lights.Most lanternfish are brown on top and predicts Malta's temperature-related deaths will silver underneath().They have very large increase by 269 in every 100,000 people by the end eyes.They eat small sea animals. of the century. If you want to find them,you must go deep European officials reported several heat waves into the sea.As you go deeper and deeper,the have killed thousands of people in recent years. daylight(日光)becomes dimmer and dimmer..At The highest number was in 2003 when about over 152 metres below the surface()of the 70,000 deaths were recorded.Among the areas water,the daylight is almost gone.The water is predicted to see the most deaths from future dark blue.There you will find lanternfish. temperature rises is Barcelona,Spain.The study There are over 230 different kinds of found almost 250,000 people could die from lanternfish in the world.Most lanternfish are just temperature-related causes in that city by 2100. as long as your fingers.Even the biggest l.What can we infer(推断)from the article? lanternfish are only about 15 centimetres ( A.Temperatures in Europe are keeping on going long.They are not large in size. up now. However,each lanternfish has about 100 small B.The whole of Europe will face the danger of round lights on the lower part of its body.The fish hot weather. use their lights to help them catch food.They also C.The study has researched enough actual use their lights to send information so that they can climate activities. recognise(认出)each other.At night,they may D.About 854 European cities are suffering from swim up near the surface of the sea.Their lights hot weather. shine like stars under the water. 2.Which paragraph talks about how to reduce the Lanternfish are one of the wonders of the sea. heat-related deaths? 1.What is the colour of most lanternfish on top? A.Paragraph 3. B.Paragraph 4. A.Brown. B.Green. C.Paragraph 5. D.Paragraph 6. C.Red. D.Silver. 3.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined2.What does the word "dimmer"mean in word“moderate'”? Paragraph 2? A.Freezing. B.Heated. A.Quicker. B.Easier. C.Changeable. D.Comfortable. C.Richer. D.Darker. 4.What can be the best title()for the article?3.How many kinds of lanternfish the A.Dangers will come at the end of the century world? A.Over 152. B.Over 230. up.Oysters that are collected will then be C.About 15. D.About 100. “planted”on the reefs(珊瑚礁).So far,Amy has 4.In order to recognise each other,lanternfish also raised more than 1,500 oysters.She's a great use lights to leader of oyster gardening and a great supporter, A.drink water B.cook food too. C.send information D.fall asleep 1.What does Amy think of oysters? 5.In which part of a magazine can we find the A.Huge. B.Clean. passage? C.Helpful. D.Delicious. A.Art. B.Space. 2.When did Amy get to know about raising C.Health. D.Nature. oysters? (七) A.After she joined a research team. (2025·河北，66题，10分) B.After she won a competition. Some people see oysters(牡蛎)as delicious C.After she attended a free course. food.But some raise oysters to clean up the D.After she cleaned up the seawater. polluted seawater.Amy,a 15-year-old girl,is one 3.What does the underlined word "diminished"in of them.She has won a master oyster gardener paragraph 3 probably mean? prize this year.She thinks oysters are really A.Grown. B.Fallen. helpful.They are environmental stars. C.Disappeared. D.Remained. "I knew nothing about oyster gardening when I4.Why does Amy pull the cages out of water started in 2022.I learned all of this after I weekly? completed a free course about it.The course is A.To feed the oysters. about raising oysters in cages(笼子)，”Amy says. B.To mix the oysters. There used to be lots of oysters in coastal C.To check the oysters waters.But their numbers have diminished.This is D.To name the oysters. mainly because of some natural disasters.Oyster 5.What is the best title for the text? gardening is a way to help."Anyone can join,"an A.A Cage Maker oyster gardening researcher Liz Black says. B.A Master Prize "You don't have to do a lot to take care of your C.An Oyster Festival oysters,but the influence they have on the D.An Oyster Gardener environment is huge,"Amy says. (八) During the oyster gardening season,Amy and (2025·湖南，28题，8分) her mom go to the beach.There Amy has nine What are insects(昆虫)like in your eyes? cages."Once a week I go out there,she says.She Have you ever noticed them?Insects are very pulls the cages from the water to check conditions interesting animals.They may be small,but they of the oysters. are smart and hard-working.Scientists have This spring, Amy's oysters will be big enough studied different kinds of insects very closely. to be collected.Amy will go with Liz to pick them According to their studies,even the smallest insects have tools to help do their work. notice them,the more they will surprise you. Have you ever seen a little fly called a sawfly?1.How does the writer start the topic? It gets such a name because it has a saw(锯子)that A.By asking questions. is used on plants to create a safe space for its eggs. B.By listing numbers. After laying its eggs,the sawfly makes some glue. C.By making comparisons. The glue fixes the eggs to where they are laid. 2.What can we know about poppy bees from Another insect that has its own natural tool is paragraph 3? the poppy bee().The bees live in wood.Like A.They clean their nests with big leaves. people who make things out of wood,poppy bees B.They pot pieces of leaves around nests. use special tools to dig nests(巢穴)out of wood. C.They dig nests before cutting out leaves. They dig and clean out the nest to make it ready for 3.Which of the following use leaves to take in use.When all is ready,poppy bees cat out pieces of water according to the text? leaves in the shape of a nest.They then join the A.Sawflies. pieces together and put them into the nest. B.Poppy bees. Ants are also known for their clever use of C.Ants. natural tools.For example,they drop pieces of 4.What can be the best title for the text? leaves into water so that they take in the water. A.Insects and Tools Then the ants carry them back to their nests. B.Animals and Eggs There are more insects than any other living things C.Plants and Leaves in the world.Every insect is special.The more you 70a lively air with energy and youth.”可知观看舞蹈时，除了充满 活力和青春的活泼空气外，人们总能感受到为美好而奋斗的精 神。故选D。 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“When he makes his way through the dance team,he also guides the team's direction..”可知领舞 者手持布蛇，穿过舞蹈队伍并引导队伍的方向。故选B。 4.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“During performances,dancers hold the Yingge sticks at their mid-points,waving them and forming the shape of number8”可知在表演中，舞者们将英歌棒 举在中间，挥舞着它们，形成数字8的形状，故此处them指代 “英歌棒”。故选A。 5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Also,modern dance is added while the most important part of traditional dance is kept,which suits the taste of people today.”可知现代英歌舞在保留传统舞 蹈最重要部分的同时，加入了现代舞蹈元素。故选D。 (八) 【导语】本文介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 l.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu,the wife of the Yellow Emperor.”可知 丝绸是嫘祖发明的。故选A。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“From China,people sold silk and tea.In return,they received treasures such as spices,gold and silver from the West.”和“For example,Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West,”可知丝绸、茶叶和造纸 从中国运到西方。故选B。 3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Following kings'orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries..”可f知丝 绸制作方法一直是保密的，即④，直到后来“During the Han Dynasty,the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there,.”张赛把丝绸带去西方，即 ①，然后开始有丝绸之路。故选C。 4.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据“you can see how art pieces combined Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive.”可知中西方文化融合会出来特殊的东西。故选A。 5.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas..”可知丝绸之路的故事告诉我们以前的 人们会通过贸易和分享成为朋友，因此介绍了跨文化交流的重 要性。故选D。 (九) 【导语】本文作者介绍自己与中国传统文化的羁绊，希望和其他传 承人一起，把中国优秀的文化传承下去 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“As soon as they saw the girl practicing,they started to beat drums and gongs for her and quickly she did a lion dance in return.”可知，他们一看到女孩在 练习，就开始为她敲锣打鼓，很快她就跳了一个舞狮作为回报。 故选B。 2.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据“People around all cheered for her.Her love for the ancient Chinese culture evoked my strong memories of paper cutting..”可知，周围的人都为她欢呼，她对中 国古代文化的热爱…了我对剪纸的强烈回忆。作者回忆起 自己以前剪纸，所以此处“evoked”的意思是“唤起”，故选A。 3.C【解析】段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍 作者剪纸时的快乐时光，故选C。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“The girl in the news encouraged me to go on with paper cutting.I want to be an inheritor 者)of the ancient Chinese culture..”可知，作者希望成为剪纸的 传承人。故选C。 (十) 1.A2.D3.C 子主题13日常体育活动与体育精神 (） 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国职业棒球大联盟首位黑人球员Jackie Robinson的生平事迹，包括他在军队的经历、棒球职业生涯的成 就以及退役后为人权事业所做的贡献。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“However,he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus.”可知，Robinson 不得不离开军队，因为他拒绝遵守像他这样的黑人应该坐在军 车后排的命令。故选B。 2.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据“Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team,where he drew the attention of the general manager..”以及全段可知，第三段 主要讲述了Robinson的棒球职业生涯经历和成就。故选B。 3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“I know that I am a black man in a white world.The whole thing is bigger than myself..”可知，他 知道自己是一个白人世界中的黑人。这件事的意义远超过他 个人，故可推测出，Robinson坚持留在球队是因为他希望通过 自己的努力为黑人争取权利。故选D。 4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Inl962,Robinson became the first black person to be introduced into the Baseball Hall of Fame.In 1984,Robinson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom,the highest honor for an American..”可知，l962年， Robinson成为首位入选棒球名人堂的黑人；l984年，他被授予 美国总统自由勋章一美国公民的最高荣誉，故可推测出， Robinson的成就得到了广泛认可。故选B。 人与自然一植物，动物，自然资源，自然环境 （一) 【导语】本文介绍了野生动物摄影师Sanket Reddy的经历，他从森 林居民身上学到生活教训，强调注意小瞬间是关心自然的第一 步，摄影旨在为动物生活增添价值，并通过写书《View Finder》将 所学知识传播给年轻人。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Life lessons from those people have truly moved me'”可知，其生活教训主要来自人。故选B。 2.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据“In our busy lives,we often fail to notice these small moments ()But to Sanket,they matter.”可知，在我们忙碌的生活中，我们常常忽略了这些小时 刻。但对桑吉特来说，它们很重要。因此they指的是“these small moments”。故选A。 3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“I do it to add value to animals' lives'”s可知，他培养拍摄野生生物的这一兴趣爱好是为了给动 物的生命增加价值。故选C。 4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Sanket表示“I feel I need to pass on what I have learned from nature to the young people'"可知，其 写书动机是为了传播所学知识。故选D。 （二) 【导语】本文主要介绍阳光对于人们的影响。 l.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical(化学物质)called serotonin(血清素).When you are exposed to sunlight,your body will make more serotonin. 知，阳光会促使你体内产生一种名为血清素的化学物质。当你 暴露在阳光下时，你的身体会分泌出更多的血清素。“are exposed to”表示“暴露于”，与“stay in'”语意相近。故选A。 2.B【解析】段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍 光是如何通过化学物质影响人的，故选B。 3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.”可知，这就是为 什么人们认为那些人应该到户外去晒晒太阳的原因。对应B 选项是观点，其他三项是事实。故选B。 4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness.The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial (人工的)lights for some time.”可知，对于这类患者，最常见的治 疗方法是坐在明亮的人造灯光下一段时间。故选D。 5.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“So next time,when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder,take a moment to think,'Why do we love sunshine?”可知，所以下次当你看到阳光洒在你的 肩头时，就花点时间思考一下：“我们为什么喜欢阳光呢？”由此 可推断，作者是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。故选A。 （三) 【导语】本文讲述了Roy在煎饼店奠基仪式上勇敢站出来保护猫 头鹰栖息地的故事。他克服恐惧，揭露真相，呼吁人们重视自然 保护，展现了普通人也能通过行动改变现状的力量。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段“He thought of Mullet Fingers,the wild boy who cared about animals more than himself.He thought of brave Beatrice who helped even when it was hard”可知，Roy上台前想到的是Mullet Fingers和 Beatrice。故选B。 2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据Roy的发言“There are owls living here”和“And if you build here,you'll destroy their homes.”可 知，他发言的目的是保护猫头鹰的栖息地。故选B。 3.C【解析】词句猜测题。根据“It's my business.It's everyone's business.We can't just destroy what we don't see.Progress should not come at the cost of wonder”及全文可知，Roy为保护 猫头鹰栖息地发声，反对以破坏自然为代价的发展。故选C。 4.D【解析】推理判断题。综合全文及“Roy used to be scared.. But doing the right thing made him stronger.”可知，故事告诉我 们：为自然发声需要勇气但值得。故选D。 (四)】 【导语】本文主要介绍了椰子的多种用途和价值，包括作为能源、 土壤改良剂、塑料替代品以及天然包装等。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful,”可知，椰子 与其他水果不同之处在于它的每个部分都有用。故选B。 2.C【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Coconut oil has already been made into fuel ()It can power cars,trucks,ships and many more.”可知，椰子油被制成燃料后能为车辆、船只等提供 动力，因此“power'”意为“提供能源”。故选C。 3.D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文围绕椰子的自然属 性和多种用途展开，与自然相关。根据文章内容可推断，最可能 出现在杂志的“Amazing Nature'”(奇妙自然)板块。故选D。 4.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从多个角度（能 源、环保、邮寄等)展示了椰子的实用价值，故其主要目的是展 示椰子的价值和用途。故选C。 5.B【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述椰子特点， 第二、三，四段分述其用途（能源、环保、邮寄等），第五段总结产 量和实用性，故文章结构为“总一分一总”。故选B。 (五) 【导语】本文主要探讨了一项研究预测到本世纪末数百万欧洲人 可能因高温而死亡的风险，并分析了不同地区的气候变化影响及 应对策略。 l.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“But the study found that as temperatures continue to rise,deaths from cold weather will reduce over time..”可知，研究发现气温持续升高。故选A。 2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“The researchers said the number of predicted deaths could be reduced if nations are able to find better ways of cutting down carbon pollution levels.They called for increased efforts to reduce greenhouse gases and develop air- cooling systems in parts of Europe.”可知，第三段直接讨论了如 何通过减少碳污染和开发空气冷却系统来降低热相关死亡。 故选A。 3.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据“On the other hand,much of Scandinavia and Britain are predicted to see fewer cold-related deaths,largely because low temperatures are expected to be moderate..”可知，另一方面，预计斯堪的纳维亚半岛和英国的大 部分地区与寒冷有关的死亡人数将减少，主要是因为预计低温 将会变得温和或舒适。因此，“moderate”在此处最接近的意思 是“Comfortable”。故选D。 4.C【解析】最佳标题题。文章主要讨论了未来几十年内欧洲可 能面临的热相关死亡风险，并详细分析了不同地区的情况及应 对措施。因此，“Millions of Europeans face deadly heat risks” 最能概括文章的核心内容。故选C。 (六) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了灯笼鱼的外形特征、 生活习性以及发光功能。 l.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath(在下面)”可知，大多数灯笼鱼背部是 棕色的。故选A。 2.D【解析】词句猜测题。根据“the daylight becomes dimmer and dimmerthe daylight is almost gone'”可知，随着深度增加， 日光逐渐变弱直至几乎消失，因此“dimmer”意为“更暗的”。故 选D。 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“There are over230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world'”可知，全球有超过230种灯笼 鱼。故选B。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise(认出)each other'”可知， 灯笼鱼通过发光传递信息以互相识别。故选C。 5.D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文围绕海洋生物灯 笼鱼展开，介绍其自然特征，因此最可能出现在杂志的“自然 板块。故选D。 (七) 【导语】本文主要讲述了Amy通过养殖牡蛎来净化海水，并获得了 “牡蛎养殖大师”奖的故事。 l.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“She thinks oysters are really helpful.They are environmental stars.”可知，Amy认为牡蛎非 常有帮助。故选C。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“I knew nothing about oyster gardening when I started in 2022.I learned all of this after I completed a free course about it.”可知，Amy是通过参加免费课 程了解如何养殖牡蛎的。故选C。 3.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“There used to be lots of oysters in coastal waters..But their numbers have diminished.”可知，牡 蛎的数量减少了，diminished和fallen同义。故选B。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“She pulls the cages from the water to check conditions of the oysters..”可知，Amy每周把笼 子拉出水面是为了检查牡蛎的状况。故选C。 5.D【解析】最佳标题题。全文主要讲述了Amy如何成为一名 牡蛎养殖者，以及她对环境保护的贡献。故选D。 （八) 1.A2.C3.C4.A 题型三还原短文型阅读 (-) 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些基本礼仪。 l.A【解析】根据“When someone visits your parents,you need to say hello to him warmly.”可知，当有人拜访你的父母时，你需要 热情地向他问好，选项A“问候客人”符合语境。故选A。 2.C【解析】根据“After a birthday party or a dinner,you should help sweep the floor,do the dishes or take out the rubbish" 知，生日聚会或晚餐后，你应该帮忙扫地、洗碗或倒垃圾，选项C “主动提出清理”符合语境。故选C。 3.D【解析】根据“Listen to people when they tell you what they don't like"”可知，当人们告诉你他们不喜欢什么时，听听他们的 声音，选项D“考虑别人的不喜欢”符合语境。故选D。 4.E【解析】根据“There are plenty of things that you can do for others'”可知，你可以为别人做很多事情，选项E“做一些小小的 善举”符合语境。故选E。 5.B【解析】根据“You don't have to be good friends with everyone,but you should notice people around you.”可知，你不 必和每个人都是好朋友，但你应该注意周围的人，选项B“包括 所有人”符合语境。故选B。 (二) 【导语】本文主要是给出一些关于解决拖延的建议。 l.D【解析】根据“Between schoolwork,after-school activities and everyday worries,there are too many things you have to deal with every day,”可知，每天你还要处理的事情实在是太多 了，如果拖延下去，事情只会越来越多。选项D“但如果一直拖 延下去，事情就会越积越多”符合语境，故选D。 2.C【解析】根据“Just tell yourself,‘Today,I'll choose my topic and write a little.I'll take care of more tomorrow.'step by step,it gets done..”可知，此处提到要写的东西，选项C“比如， 你得写一篇五页的论文。”符合语境，故选C。 3.A【解析】根据“The‘work and rest'way is also a smart choice for being productive.”可知，此处建议“劳逸结合”，选项A“然后 休息五分钟。”符合语境，故选A。 4.B【解析】根据“Put away your MP3 player and any kind of toys.Find a quiet place where you won't get interrupted ( at all.The less noise,the better your brain can lock in.”可知， 此处提到一些分散注意力的东西，选项B“同时，要远离那些会 分散你注意力的事物。”符合语境，故选B。 5.E【解析】根据“Finally,you are sure to see the payoff.”可知， 此处建议坚持肯定会看到成效，选项E“改变并非一蹴而就，所 以每天都要坚持下去。”符合语境，故选E。 (三) 【导语】本文介绍了空气植物的护理，包括光照、浇水、施肥和生命 周期。 l.C【解析】根据“Instead of soil,these plants attach themselves to things like trees,rocks and buildings..”可知，此处谈论的是 空气植物依附在其他物体上生长，C项“它们不会对它们附着的 物体造成问题。”符合语境。故选C。 2.A【解析】根据“So,they should be placed near an east-or west- facing window,but not directly in front of it..”可知，此处说的 是避免直接放在窗前的原因，A项“阳光直射会灼伤植物的叶 子。”符合语境。故选A。 3.F【解析】根据“In homes with average humidity levels,put air plants in room-temperature water once a week for 30 to 60 minutes.”可知，本段谈论在不同湿度的房间中，如何照顾空气 植物，F项“在空气干燥的家庭中，这个过程可以在需要时重 复。”符合语境。故选F。 4.E【解析】根据“Feeding'”可知，本段介绍施肥方法，E项“空气 植物可以用任何通用的室内植物肥料喂养。”符合语境。故 选E。 5.D【解析】根据“These can be separated into new plants once they grow to about one-third the size of the parent.”可知，新分 支可以分离成新的植株。D项“然而，空气植物产生新的分支， 被称为‘孩子’。”符合语境。故选D。 (四) 【导语】本文主要介绍了山西的两个历史遗迹 平遥古城和悬 空寺。 l.D【解析】根据“Shanxi,a province that lies in the northern